Measure accuracy (quality) of census data
Purpose of Census Evaluation
Coverage error – census omission and
duplication of households and persons
Content error – nonresponse, response errors,
coding errors, etc.
Objectives of
Post-Enumeration Survey
Measure both census coverage and content errors.
PES evaluation results useful for improving future
census operation.
PES results assist census data users in
understanding relative magnitude of error.
PES estimates may be used for adjusting the
census population figures and population projections
PES Methodology
Independent enumeration of household and
population in sample of areas.
- De jure or de facto enumeration, depending on
type of census enumeration.
Two-Way matching of PES and census from for
sample areas.
PES Methodology (continued)
Reconciliation visit following matching.
Dual-system estimation methodology
- Based on two independent sources of
population data – census and PES.
Ideal to conduct PES about 2 to 4 weeks following
the census, to avoid much movement of population
and recall error
Important to allow sufficient time to ensure all
census materials are returned from field
- To ensure independence between census
and PES enumeration
Timing of PES
Movement of Population
between Census and PES
Non-movers – persons in same household at
time of census and PES
In-movers – persons who moved into a
household between the time of the census and
the PES
Out-movers – persons who move out of a
household between the census and the PES
- Enumeration of non-movers and out-movers
- Advantage – out-movers easier to match
- Disadvantage – more difficult to obtain information for out-movers
Enumeration Procedures for
Moving Population
Procedure A – identifies composition of
household at time of census
- Enumeration of non-movers and in-movers
- Advantage – in-movers easier to match
- Disadvantage – more difficult to match in-movers to census records at previous residence in different area
Enumeration Procedures for
Moving Population (Continued)
Procedure B – identifies all current household
members at time of PES
- Enumeration of non-movers, in-movers and out-movers
- Match non-movers and out-movers to obtain match rate for movers
- Count number of in-movers- Apply match rate for out-movers to number of in-
movers- Advantage – out-movers easier to match, in-movers
easier to identify; less bias than Procedure A, less cost than Procedure B
- Procedure C used for Egypt PES
Procedure C – combination of Procedures A and B
Enumeration Procedures for
Moving Population (Continued)
- Establish geographic domains, age groups for analysis
- Example: geographic domains for Egypt PES Cairo, other large cities (Alexandria, Port-Said, Suez), region (Upper and Lower Egypt) by other urban, rural
- Identify items to be evaluated for content error: most important characteristics subject to response error
- Generally avoid items which require detailed coding such as industry and occupation
Defining Objectives for PES
Coverage error evaluation
Content error measurement
- Household identification, including address- Person characteristics – name, sex, age, relationship to head
of household, marital status
- Whether person was in household at time of census
Select items from census from required for
matching household and persons
Information to establish moving status following
census
Items included for content error analysis
Shaded areas in PES questionnaire to enter
census responses for matched persons
PES Questionnaire Design
Stratified area sample
Sampling frame – list of census enumeration
areas (EAs) or segments
P-sample – households enumerated in PES
within sample segments
E-sample – households enumerated by census
within same sample segments
Sample Design for PES
- Cairo, other large cities (Alexandria, Port-Said, Suez), region (Upper and Lower Egypt) by other urban, rural
- Geographic ordering of EAs with systematic provides implicit stratification
- Depends on precision requirements for domains of analysis
- Minimum number of sample segments for each domain of analysis – ideally, 30 sample segments
Stratification – geographic domains of analysis
Sample size and allocation
Sample Design for PES (continued)
The first : for the 1968 population census which carried out by (PSRC) population studies and research center at CAPMAS
Egypt has done (PES) Twiss
The second : for the 2006 population census which carried out by cabinet (information and decision support center (IDSC))
The two (PES) done by the same concepts, procedures, sample design
Design
The design has six domains.
each sample PSU divided into segments each
regiment size has 100 households.
The (PSUs) primary sampling units – shiakh has
in urban area, villages in rural area.
all households enumerated within sample
segments.
Matching Operation
Two- way matching between household and
person records in P-sample (PES) and E-sample
(census)
Matching procedures should be tested and
described very clearly in matching manual.
Matching rules should be designed to minimize
net matching error rate.
Reconciliation Visit
Follow up on persons enumerated in the census
but not the PES, to determine whether they were
correctly enumerated.
Verify cases of possible matches.
Determine final match status.
Dual System Estimation
Based on assumption of independence between
census and PES.
Depends on two-way matching between census
and PES.
Includes estimate of population missing from
both census and PES.
Dual System Estimation Model
PESTotalCensus
IncludedMissed
TotalNtNcNt - Nc
IncludedNpMNp- M
MissedNt - NpNc - MN’cp
Dual System Estimate
of Total population
Nt = ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ = ــــــــــــــــ
Nc x Np Nc
RM M
RM = ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ = match rate
M
NP
1 - RM = census omission rate
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