Cell StructureIntroduction to Cells
Objectives of this Chapter
Describe relationships between structure and function at the cellular and sub-cellular levels of an organism
Express the common features of cells and the major differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Outline how proper functioning of all cell structures is needed to maintain homeostasis
Cell Example - Paramecium
Found in ponds and streams
Classic example of a a eukaryotic cell
Nucleus (actually has more than one)
Moves by cilia
Contractile vacuoles squeeze excess water out of cell
What are these cells? Use their structure to predict their function
What are these cells?Again – use their structure to predict their function…
More cellsStructure = Function
Cell Features - Objectives
List the 3 parts of the cell theory
Determine why cells must be relatively small
Compare the structure of prokaryotic cells with the structure of eukaryotic cells
Describe the structure of cell membranes
Cell Theory -1800s - Schleiden, Schwann and
Virchow All living things are made of one or more cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms.
All cells arise from existing cells
Why are cells so small?
Small cells function more efficiently than large cells
Most cells range in size from 5 micrometers to 20 micrometers in diameter.
100 trillion cells in the human body
All substances must enter and leave cell through the membrane
Small cells can transport material more easily because of surface area to volume ratio
Surface Area to Volume Ratio
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