Cell Structure & Function

http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

Red is your subject (left side)

Navy Blue is your info (right side)

Cell Theory• All living things are made up of cells• Cells are the smallest working units of all

living things • All cells come from preexisting cells

through cell division.

Definition of Cell

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life

functions

Examples of CellsAmoeba Proteus

Plant Stem

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell

Bacteria

Cell Parts

aka Organelles

Cell Membrane

• Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell

• Double layer • Nickname: Border Patrol• Analogy: Border

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cell Wall• Most commonly found

in plant cells• Supports & protects

cells• Nickname: Tree Bark• Analogy: brick wall

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Nucleus

• Directs cell activities• Contains genetic

material – DNA• Nickname: Control

Center• Analogy: City Hall

Cytoplasm• Gel-like mixture• Surrounded by cell membrane• Nickname: Jello• Analogy: atmosphere (air)

Ribosomes• Each cell contains

thousands• Make proteins• Found on

Endoplasmic Reticulum & floating throughout the cell

• Nickname: Ribs!!• Analogy: Lumber Mill

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Mitochondria• Produces energy through

chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates

• Nickname: Powerhouse• Analogy: Power Plant

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Vacuoles• Membrane-bound

sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal

• Usually contains water• Much larger in plant

cells• Nickname: Ziploc bag• Analogy: Water Tower

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Chloroplast• Usually found in plant

cells• Contains green

chlorophyll• Where photosynthesis

takes place• Nickname:

greenhouse• Analogy: solar panels

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Lysosome• Digestive organelle for

proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

• Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

• Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

• Nickname: Garbageman• Analogy: Waste

Management

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

“Typical” Animal Cell

http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

“Typical” Plant Cell