By: Anthony Stephens-Kirkman, Jack Powers, Jaida Chapman and Paige
Wilson
Middle East: Rise of Muslim Empires
Rise of Islam & Islamic Empire
Covered all of the arabic peninsula Surrounded the Red Sea, the Prussian Gulf, and half
of the Mediterranean Sea.The peninsula was mostly desert and had very little
rainfall and no major rivers or lakes.The climate and location contributed to the spread of
Islam and trade routes.The position of the two major cities made trading a lot
more economically stable
Geography
TIMELINE OF MAJOR EVENTS
632- Muhammad dies
750- Abu Al-Abbas founded Abbasid dynasty
850- Abbasids lost control
570- Muhammad becomes messenger of God and spreads word of Islam
630- Muslims win battle against Meccans
Key Informati0n-Muslim scholars developed the sharia (A body of law
that includes interpretation of the Quran, examples of behavior, and Muslim traditions
- Family life
- Business practice
- Government
- Other aspects of individual and community life.The Sharia regulates moral lawSharia does not separate religion from criminal or
civil lawApplies religious principles to all legal situations Quran unifies Muslim beliefs
GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY
Key Information-Social StructureMany arabs came to the KaabaMuhammad was born in ad 570Islam is one of the worlds major religionsReligionMuslims, jews and christians worship the same
god Muslims consider jews and christians to be
"people of the book"Quran teaches that islam is gods final and
complete revelation
SOCIAL STRUCTURE & RELIGION
Key Information-• Between 750 and 1350 B.C, merchants built a vast
trading network across Muslim lands • Camels were and still are known as the "Ships of the
Desert"• The Silk Road was used for trade with East Asia and
Europe (trade spread products, technology, knowledge, and culture)
• More people learned Arabic, which helped religion grow and thrive
• Opened branch banks in all major cities to cash checks (used today)
CULTRAL HERITAGE & ADVANCEMENTS
Key Information-• In 570 in the Arabian Peninsula Muhammad
believed that the angel Gabriel called him to be a messenger of God and spread Islam (with his teachings Islam became widely spread).
• Muslims studied the Quran and followed duties of their religion.
• The law system is Sharia, women gained rights, empire expanded.
• The law of system collapsed in 850
CULTURAL INTERACTIONS & CONFLICTS
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
GEOGRAPHYOttoman Empire grew to include many areas,
in it was now present day Europe.Surrounded the Red Sea and the
Mediterranean Sea.Covered all of Egypt and Anatolia and had
many mountain ranged mixed with desert.Was one of the largest expanding empires.
TIMELINE OF MAJOR EVENTS
1463- Ottomans capture Constantinople
1520- Sultan Suleiman began his successful rule
1529- empire extended to parts of Europe and Middle East
1566- Suleiman dies
1700's- Ottoman Empire declines
Key information- Suleiman had absolute power, but had help of a grand vizier
and a council Ottoman society was divided in classes…
- Men of Sword (Mostly Muslim)
- Men of the Pen (Mostly Muslim)
- Men of negotiation
- Men of Husbandry New technology helped the Ottoman Empire finance its
expansion People were organized into millets, or religious communities
(Muslims, Greek Christians, Armenian Christians, and Jews) Each millet had its own leaders who responsible for education
and some legal matters
GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY
Key Information-Social culture• Ottoman Empire was Suleiman• Empire was divided into classes• Ottomans ruled diverse peoples of many
religionsReligion• Ottomans levied a "tax" on Christian families • Non Muslim girls served as slaves
SOCIAL STRUCTURE & RELIGION
Key information-Cultural heritage• Arts blossomed under Suleiman • Royal architect Sinah designed hundreds of
mosques• Compared selimiye mosque to the greatest
church of the Byzantine empire• Influenced by Persian artistic styles Ottoman
painters produce detailed illuminated manuscripts
CULTRAL HERITAGE & ADVANCEMENTS
Key Information-• Law based on Sharid• Had diverse religions • Janizaries were elite army forces• Had strong art and agriculture• Society of classes…- Soldiers - Scientist, lawyers, judges and poets - Merchants- Farmers
CULTURAL INTERACTIONS & CONFLICTS
SAFAVID EMPIRE
GEOGRAPHYEmpire spread from Ottoman Empire to Afghanistan.Surrounded by Black and Caspian Seas, Persian Gulf,
and Sea of Ottoman.Persia was completely covered because of the spread
of the empire.Trading was easy because of the location of the two
cities.
TIMELINE OF MAJOR EVENTS
1588-Shah Abbas created strong military and government and empire grew
1629- Shah Abbas dies
1722- rebels capture capital and force ruler out
Key Information- The Safavid king was called the Shah (the best known Shah
was Abbas the Great) Abbas centralized the government and created a powerful
military source To strengthen the economy Abbas reduced taxes on farmers
and herders, which encouraged the growth of the economy During his reign he built a new capital Isfahan, which
became the center of the international silk trade He built settlements for Christians outside the capital, where
they governed themselves
GEOGRPAHY & ECONOMY
Key Information-Social culture• Tolerated non Muslims • Built a settlement for the Christians• Glory faded after the death of Shaah Abbas• Shiite- a member of one of the two major
Muslim sects
SOCIAL STRUCTURE & RELIGION
Key Information-• In the late 1700s, a new dynasty, the Qajars,
won control of Iran.• They made Tehran their capital and ruled
until 1925• The Safavids left a lasting legacy• Persians had a strong sense of their own
identity
CULTURAL HERTITAGE &ADVANCMENTS
Key Information-• Industries and businesses were encouraged• Alliances and deals were made to keep peace
with other empires. • Successful central government and powerful
military• After Abba's death, the Sunni''s rebelled
against the shiiites.
CULTURAL INTERACTIONS & CONFLICTS