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Building Sustainability in Public
Private Partnerships
By
NaaviAt Bangalore SecuritySummit 2009October 9th October 2009
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National Cyber Security-key aspects ofsuccess
Collaboration
Governments at Center and State
Defense Forces Police
Corporate Sector
Citizens
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Making collaboration happen
Requires
Leadership
Strategy Commitment
Effectiveness of Collaboration depends on
Realization of a common goal Perceptions of the benefits of cooperation
Perceptions of the risks on non cooperation
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Kicking off a Collaborative venture..
May be easy particularly after a major
security catastrophe
But sustaining the enthusiasm andmaintaining the vigil in what appears to be
normal times is difficult.
Natural Human tendency is to ignore threats andavoid inconvenience inherent in security
Fighting the complacency is a big challenge
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There have been and there will bemany great ideas..
Many of them will even get launched
But only a few will get past the critical stage
May be forgotten..and lost for ever..
May be revived at a different point of time in a different place Better late than never
Efforts need to be sustained over a period, designed for success,
collection of feedback,
tuning and fine tuning of the approach,
This applies to all projects whether security oriented or notevento this Summit
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Building Sustainability in Public
Private Partnerships
Through a Structured
Approach
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Structuring a sustainable relationship
Projects need participation of stakeholders
on a continuing basis
Must be designed so as to provide the fuel forcontinued interest over a period of time.
Public Private Partnership needs to be
bolstered with NGO and Beneficiary partnership for better
sustainability
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Principal Stakeholders
The Government agency Motivated by individual torch bearers
Needs to be institutionalized so that it will continue even after the torchbearermoves over to a different responsibility.
Private sector partner
Motivated by profits Needs to be reasonable Ploughed back for future growth
The beneficiaries If a service is not used, project is a failure
Beneficiaries need to be provided a real value add, made aware, trained etc
NGOs Very helpful particularly at the launch stage and later to monitor and steer
the project on its pre determined course.
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Every PPP
Should make all the
four stakeholders,partners with part
ownership stake
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Some Examples for Discussion
Mandatory Digital Signature use
Amendments to ITA 2000 for better National
Security Cyber Crime Insurance
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Mandatory Digital Signature Use
After ITA 2000 became effective from the Digital Society Day ofIndia made announcement of the system of licensing CAs
It took more than an year for the first CA to be licensed, A private sector initiative..with profit motivetwo others
followedalong with public sector players.. Off take was low, business was not profitable
Digital Signature law was going nowhere
Government stepped in to correct the situation with announcement ofmandatory use of Digital Signatures in MCA and Income Taxapplications
the formula of public private collaboration in private sector CAs beingpromoted by a Government directive on mandatory use Situation improved but new problems have surfaced because..the
prescription did not include the Consumer as a stake holder We therefore now have a system which has security issues, legal
issues, consumer service issues etc
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Amendments to ITA 2000 for betterNational Security
ITA 2008 contains many prescriptions for betterCyber Security New Crime definitions, Power to demand information from
intermediaries and companies, Intercept, and blockinformation including websites, call for data retention,submission of traffic data etc
A nightmare for Privacy watchers Concerned genuinely with abuse and misuse of powers.
Is there a solution?...sayNetizen RightsCommission/Advisory Committee
With public representation in lieu of/in addition to the reviewcommittee now proposed?
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Cyber Crime Insurance
A scheme to insure computer users against risks of loss arisingout of cyber crimes.. Viruses, trojans, online frauds etc
Premium driven business for private sector
Can evolve security standards
Can incentivize security practices by users
Can encourage security certification of software and hardware
Market may not be ripe for private sector entry..
Gestation period is too long and adoption requires public
education ..mandating of security practices..collection of reliablecyber crime and security incident data and other issues which theGovernment only can tackle.
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What prevents the development ofSustainable Projects
Policies of tendering.. Only a widely available product or service canbe tendered Innovative products or services are not amenable to tendering process
Policies of Governments not associating with small companies Only large companies with huge turnover can participate. They may not be
interested except in multi crore projects..process becomes toocumbersome and unproductive
Policies of the Government in owning equity stake with the privateentities Issues of reputation, political considerations, etc
Policies on financing instruments Either entirely public sector or entirely private sector.. Why cannot ahybrid? ..convertible loan or convertible equity?..Venture capital?..
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If we can find solutions to some of theissues raised
We can structure a project which has
necessary sustainability built into it
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Complexity of finding a formula
We need to find a formula to ensure that allstakeholders see benefits at all stages of a project
Pre-launch phase
Break even phase Profitability phase
With disparate interests and limitations imposed bytradition or law, what we need may not be a simple
formula of equity sharing but an algorithm of variablestake-responsibility-benefit relationship
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An Attempt at Building a
Sustainable Project
An example..Cyber
Vidya
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Principles for Success
Provide a Safe Browsing Network for Schools Students will themselves tap the resources available on the
Internet
Supplement with Content Produced by our own teachers
Relevant and more effective
Make the best teacher in the State for a given
subject available to every student in the State It will provide the all important motivation to the teacher
community to be recognized as a Cyber Teacher for a givensubject
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How stakeholders are benefited
Students get a teacher for every subject If not through a physical teacher, there is a cyber teacher
Lack of sufficient number of teachers and the required quality will be felt in Indiafor decades to come
A Cyber teacher is therefore a necessity to meet the educational objectives of theGovernment
School Management Can Monitor the use of every computer resource and by every student or
teacher who uses the resource and optimize the user of resources
Teachers Can collaborate
Can showcase their teaching talents in a given area of specialization whichwill be available to all students across the State
Government Can fulfill the educational objective at nominal investment
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Resource Mobilization
Upto Break even phase from theGovernment
Maintenance from the Private Sector Partially funded by the school expenses
Supported by donors and public serviceorganizations who adopt select schools
By contribution of content by teachers whichcan be monetized into equity stake
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Looking forward..
. to the development of this as
a model sustainable project inPublic-Private-Beneficiary-NGOpartnership
(PPBN instead of PP)
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Thank you
Naavi
www.naavi.org
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