8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion BlowExtrusion Blow--Moulding:Moulding:
The ProcessThe Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
ApplicationsApplications
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
Hopper
Controlpanel
Plasticising unit
Extrusiondie
Mould andclamping unit
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
8/55
Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based processExtrusion based process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: extrusion headsextrusion heads
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: die centringdie centring
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: effect of sag andeffect of sag and extrudateextrudate swellswell
1 - swell and no sag
2 - sag and no swell3 sag plus swell
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: axialaxial parisonparison thickness programmingthickness programming
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: axialaxial parisonparison thickness programmingthickness programming
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: effect of sag andeffect of sag and extrudateextrudate swellswell
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: transversaltransversal paparisonrison thicknessthickness
programmingprogramming
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: extrusion with accumulatorextrusion with accumulator
For containers of high capacity (>12.5 l)
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
1
2
3
4Types of ventilation systems
Capacity (l) Slit depth (mm)>5 0.01-0.02
5-10 0.02-0.0310-30 0.03-0.04
30-100 0.04-0.10100-500 0.10-0.30
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
Pinch-off
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
Inflationwith needle
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: mouldsmoulds
Cooling system:
Channels diameter (d): 6 d 20 mm
Length: as short as possible (Texit-Tentrance 5C)
Reduced number of curve zones
Distance channel-cavity surface: d
Distance between consecutive channels: 1.5 d
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: coco--extrusionextrusion
Permeability coefficients
Prices (relative to PVC)
HDPE
Adhesive
PA
Recycled HDPE
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Extrusion based process:Extrusion based process: coco--extrusionextrusion
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Injection moulding based processInjection moulding based process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Injection moulding based processInjection moulding based process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Injection moulding based processInjection moulding based process
Advantages
Disadvantages
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Injection moulding based process:Injection moulding based process: designing predesigning pre--formsforms
Espessuras to pequenasquanto possvel
Razes de sopro elevadas
Machos cnicos (conicidademnima de 0.5)
Variaes de espessura por
maquinao da cavidade
Machos cilndricos
Variaes de espessura
por maquinao do macho
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Injection moulding based process:Injection moulding based process: sequence for designingsequence for designing
prepre--formsforms
1 Desenho do contentor (conhecido) e do macho (dimetro einclinao conhecidos)
2 Seleco das seces transversais a dimensionar
3 Determinao da espessura da pr-forma (balano mssico)nas seces seleccionadas no passo 2
4 Representao das espessuras determinadas no passo 3 nodesenho
5 Atenuao de transies bruscas de espessura
6 Clculo do volume da pr-forma
7 Repetio dos passos 5 e 6 at se obter um volume de pr-forma semelhante ao do contentor
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow mouldingStretch blow moulding
Injection mouldingof the pre-form
Stretchingand blowing
Ejection of
the bottle
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow mouldingStretch blow moulding
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow mouldingStretch blow moulding
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow mouldingStretch blow moulding
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: sequence of stretch and blowingsequence of stretch and blowing
Wang et al., 1997
Blowing up without stretching
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: sequence of stretch and blowingsequence of stretch and blowing
Wang et al., 1997
Blowing after stretching Blowing up while stretching
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: material bimaterial bi--orientationorientation
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: effect of orientationeffect of orientation
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Carbonated drinks:Carbonated drinks: permeability (COpermeability (CO22))
Maximise ratio volume / surface area
Geometry
Capacity
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: typical processing parameterstypical processing parameters
(Blow-up ratio) x (stretching ratio)
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: crystallisation kineticscrystallisation kinetics
Crystals cannot
form: moleculesare too sluggish
Crystals cannot
exist: moleculesare too energetic
Glassy
state
Rubbery
state
Melt
state
Temperature (C)
60 65250 255
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: PET typical heat cyclePET typical heat cycle
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: moulds for two stages processmoulds for two stages process
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Stretch blow moulding:Stretch blow moulding: two stages versus one stage processtwo stages versus one stage process
Advantages Disadvantages
Higher production rates
Better pre-form temperature control
Simpler bottle production (no need ofknow-how on polymer processing )
Higher global energyconsumption
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Extrusion BlowExtrusion Blow--Moulding:Moulding:
NonNon--Conventional TechniquesConventional Techniques
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
NonNon--conventional techniques:conventional techniques: 3D technique3D technique
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
NonNon--conventional techniques:conventional techniques: 3D technique3D technique
BattenfeldBattenfeldFischerFischer
Conventional 3D
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
3D Technique:3D Technique: XX--Y mouldY mould
PlacoPlaco, Ltd, Ltd
Parison
Cavity
Blow mould
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3D T h i3D T h i
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
3D Technique:3D Technique: mould with vacuummould with vacuum
BattenfeldBattenfeldFischerFischer
PP bl i d ld ith bl tbl i g d ld ith bl t
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
PrePre--blowing and moulds with moveable partsblowing and moulds with moveable parts
Doublewalled
container
PrePre blowing and moulds with moveable partsblowing and moulds with moveable parts
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
52/55
Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Hollowcontainer withre-entrant zone
PrePre--blowing and moulds with moveable partsblowing and moulds with moveable parts
Sequential coSequential co extrusionextrusion
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Cycle time
Sequential coSequential co--extrusionextrusion
RigidRigid Flexible
Sequential coSequential co extrusionextrusion
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
Sequential coSequential co--extrusionextrusion
BattenfeldBattenfeldFischerFischer
Extruder 1 Extruder 2
Accumulator 1 Accumulator 2
Die flow channel 2Die flow channel 1
Single die lip
PressblowerPressblower processprocess
8/10/2019 BM1 Process
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Dept. Polymer Engineering
University of Minho
PressblowerPressblower processprocess