Biometano. Situazione
attuale e prospettive di
sviluppo Lorenzo Maggioni, R&D CIB
Padova, 29 Marzo 2017
Consorzio Italiano Biogas
(Italian Biogas Consortium)
The CIB - Italian Biogas Consortium, formed in March 2009, has national coverage
and is the reference point in the Italian biogas and biomethane sector.
European projects
MEMBERS
Agricultural biogas plants
> 600
130 companies
COORDINAMENTO BIOMETANO Attivo dal 2011
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
PIATTAFORMA BIOMETANO Novembre 2016
• Definitions and why using biomethane
• State of the art
CONTENTS
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• Potential developments
• Case studies
• Conclusions
ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS
FOSSIL FUEL BIOFUEL
Compressed Natural Gas = Compressed Biomethane
CNG = BIO-CNG
Compressed Natural Gas = Compressed Bio Gas
CNG = CBG
Liquified Natural Gas = Liquified Biomethane
LNG = BIO-LNG = LBM
Liquified Natural Gas = Liquified Bio Gas
LNG = LBG
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Italian D.Lgs 28/2011: BIOMETHANE “…gas produced from renewable sources with the
characteristics and usage conditions corresponding to those of natural
gas and suitable for injection into the natural gas grid. CH4>97%
UPGRADING UNIT
ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS
CH4: 55-65%
CH4 > 97%
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
flexible input material, flexible sale options, storable,
efficient, tailored to demand, climate-friendly
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• Biomethane has very low emissions
• Car engines are less noisy
• No new distribution infrastructure
needed. Grids are available
• Biomethane can be blended at any
ratio with natural gas
• Thanks to “biogasdoneright®” model,
it does not compete with food and
can be produced in your own country
• LBM has better quality than (most)
fossil LNG.
• LBM is cleaner and cheaper than
other biofuels per energy unit
Why using biomethane like a sustainable fuel?
http://wwf.panda.org/?95320/Biogas
-saving-nature-naturally-in-Nepal
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Why using biomethane like a sustainable fuel?
http://www.nrdc.org/energy/renewables/biogas.asp
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Why using biomethane like a sustainable fuel?
STATE OF THE ART Biogas and biomethane in Europe
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
The number of biogas plants
in Europe increased from
16,834 to 17,376 in 2015
(+3%).
The number of biomethane
plants in Europe increased
significantly from 367 to 459
in 2015 (+25%).
Source: EBA Statistical Report
2016
STATE OF THE ART Biomethane in Europe
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Source: EBA Statistical Report
2016
Germany has 185
biomethane plants and is
therefore market leader
for biomethane, as for
biogas. The other 14
countries have a total of
274 biomethane plants
The total biomethane
production in Europe was
1.23 billion Nm3 in 2015
• 2nd European market after Germany
• > 4 Billion € invested in the last 6 years
• > 1.700 biogas plants built (agriculture
+ sewage + waste + industrial).
• > 1.300 MWel
• About 3 billion Nm3 Biomethane
equivalent utilized per year
• 12.000 qualified green jobs created
thanks to biogas
STATE OF THE ART Biogas in Italy
(for the moment biogas used
only for electricity production!)
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
STATE OF THE ART Biomethane in Italy
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• 20 new plants already authorized;
size: 250 – 2.000 m3 biomethane /h
• 1 plant 3.750 m3 biomethane /h
already built and ready to start
• 10 projects for LBM
• Feedstock: actually > Organic
Fraction Municipal Solid Waste
• 7 existent biomethane plants
• Size: 50 – 100 m3 biomethane /h
• Not connected to the natural gas
grids. Demonstrative projects
STATE OF THE ART LNG in Italy
• 8 L-CNG filling station* (> in the North of Italy)
• 6 LNG filling station*
• 20 new LNG or LCNG station in the
process of authorization
• 1.060 NG refuelling station
• Industrial uses
L-CNG
LNG filling station –
Piacenza
(70 trucks/d 10 t/d)
LNG for industrial use
Sardinia
* > LNG from Barcelona terminal
Fleet of 20 LNG trucks LNG filling station
Gera Lario
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Resource Potential [1×109
m9]
Woody Biomass 66
Herbaceous Biomass 11
Wet biomass residues 26
Energy crops 48-143
Total 151-246
Green Gas Grid Project, 2013 European Biomethane Roadmap Maximal technical potential
Consumi di gas naturale in EU nel 2013 = 462×109 m3
Produzione attuale EU di biogas = 14×109 m3 NG equiv.
Un possibile uso del biogas… verso l’autosufficienza energetica!
PRESENT SITUATION
Biogas in Europe
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
According to Italian Biogas Consortium a realistic development plan of
methane/biomethane within 2020 should include:
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Biomethane in Italy
HEAVY TRANSPORT: POSSIBLE SCENARIO IN 2030
Potential replacement of traditional fuels with 10% of LNG (up to 20% in an
optimistic scenario) or LBM.
In Italy LNG and LBM will cover a market volume of 3.2 Mton.
• doubling NG service stations to 2000;
• Doubling current consumption of CNG methane for transport sector up to about
2 billions Nm3 by 2020 (using preferably LNG) ;
• Increasing biomethane consumption up to 25% of the total consumption, about
500.000.000 Nm3/year (bio-CNG or bio-LNG)
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Maximum technical potential
8×109 m3/y
Biomethane in Italy
1° biomethane tractor
(bio-CNG)
Biomethane
Diesel
engine
Dual Fuel:
Biomethane + diesel
Italian Gas Grid infrastructure data:
• Primary transport network: 34,000
km;
• Distribution: 250.000 km networks.
High interest from industrial groups
> 1.000.000 NGV
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Biomethane in Italy
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Biogasdoneright
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
BIOGASDONERIGHT© is a technological platform that combines Anaerobic
Digestion (AD) technologies and other Industrial and Agricultural practices,
that when applied synergistically are able to:
• produce additional carbon both in already farmed land and in land that suffer
desertification or lowered productivity, especially in dry lands
• simultaneously increase the World Net Primary Production (NPP) of
farmland and lower the negative externalities associated with modern
conventional agricultural practices;
• continuous increase (until an equilibrium is reached) of the organic content
of soils sequestering carbon at the required scale (> 1 Gton C per year)
• realize this at very low cost
• contribute at the same time to an ecological agricultural intensification
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Biogasdoneright
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Other ways to produce biomethane
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
SABATIER REACTION: CO2 + 4H2 → CH4
+ 2H2O
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• CO2 constitutes more than 70% of greenhouse gases (GHG). In 2002, the world
has issued 23.6 Gt of CO2.
In 2012, 35.6 Gt of CO2. http://www.mpg.de/6678112/carbon-dioxide-climate-change
• The use of biomass in combination with the "Carbon Capture and Storage", by
the year 2050, can avoid emissions by 8.0 Gt of CO2 equivalent. J. Koornneef, P. van Breevoort, P. Noothout, C. Hendriks, L. Luning, A. Camps; 2013
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
BIOMETHANE AS BIOFUEL
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
LNG
bio-LNG
L-CNG
bio-L-CNG
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• Bio-LNG can be produced in your own country.
• Bio-LNG, thanks to “biogasdoneright®” model, does not
compete with food.
• Bio-LNG is not LBG. It has a higher energy content.
• Bio-LNG has better quality than (most) fossil LNG.
• Bio-LNG is cheaper than other biofuels per energy unit.
• Bio-LNG is cleaner than all other liquid fuels.
• Bio-LNG can be used to improve fossil LNG quality.
Thanks to Peter van der Gaag
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
• Integration of natural
gas and electricity
grid
• Production of
renewable & organic
fertilizers
• Production of
biochemicals and
biomaterials
• Mitigation of
emissions
Our aim: an integrated biorefinery distributed on the
territory that brings circular economy at the farm level
BIOGASDONERIGHT AND SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION
AD
MONOCROPS
DOUBLE CROPPING
LIVESTOCK
MANURE
ORGANIC WASTES
ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
MEAT/MILK/EGGS
CEREALS
OTHER CROPS
FEED
RAW BIOGAS
CHILLE R
CHP
HEAT
POWER TO GRID
(CAPACITY PREMIUM)
METHANATION
UNIT
PEM
ELECTROLYZER
H2
SOLAR PV
GRID
POWER
TO GAS
UPGRADING
LIQUEFA
CTION LNG
STORAG
E
L-CNG FOR
TRANSPORT
POLIMERIZATION
UNIT BIOPLASTI
C
REFINERY
BIOPLASTIC
BIOMASS
BIOGAS REFINERY
1. BIOGAS TO POWER 2. POWER TO GAS
3. BIOCH4 TO LNG 4. BIOCH4 TO PLASTIC
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Biogas Refinery
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
BIOMASS A
BIOMASS B
BIOMASS C
BIOGAS
PLANT
CO2
ENERGY
FERTILIZERS
OTHERS
ALGAE
POWER TO
GAS
EMISSION
FREE CAR
BIO CH4 BIOPLASTIC
S
HEAT
LIQUID
SOLID
BIOCHAR
ELECTRICIT
Y
BIOMASS…
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Biogas Refinery
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• Cooperative, founded in 1956, with 248 shareholders owning
farms with milk production.
• 50,000 head of Friesian and Brown Swiss cows, with an
average milk production of 524.000 liters/day
• 8.000 hectares of forage farm land.
• 150.000.000 € turnover (2014) and 330 employees.
• 2 cheese factories with a totale covered surface of 85.000 m2.
CASE STUDY 1
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• In Sardinia there are not natural gas grids and not NGV
• The Cooperative “Assegnatari Associati Arborea - 3A” is already using
LNG (100 m3 storage at the milk factory in Arborea) with a 1 MWel and
1,2 MWth CHP
• For the above reasons, they decided to produce LBM (and not bio-CNG)
• The project includes, also, the construction of bio-LCNG filing stations
• The LBM and the bio-CNG will be used to refuel company trucks and
vehicles of other companies
• If there were problems with the use of LBM in the transport sector, it can
replace LNG
CASE STUDY 1 The project
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
• Average amount of manure to be treated: 335 m3 / day
• 3 anaerobic digesters with a total volume ~ 14.000 m3
• Raw biogas production: 500 m3 /h di biogas.
• Expected CH4 average content: 55%
• Expected LBM production ~4,5 t/d
• Average amount of Nitrogen to be removed: ~ 580 Kg / d.
• Total investment for the construction of the plant (anaerobic
digestion, LBM production, distribution and LBM digestate
treatment): ~ 12 million Euro.
CASE STUDY 1 numbers
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
CASE STUDY 2
Caviro uses a thermo-electric power plant that uses solid
fuels (food waste and lignocelluloses biomass), as well as
biogas (produced from waste and water treatment) and
methane, to produce steam at high pressure and
temperature, equipped with two turbo alternators for the
production of electricity.
The electricity generated allows Caviro almost total
independence from reliance on the national grid, while in
terms of heat production the company is already completely
self-sufficient.
• Total area: 343.000 m2 (200.000 m2 covered)
Total flows in / out: 800.000 t / y (35.000
trucks/y)
• Electric Consumption : MWhel 30,000 / year
• Steam Consumption: 150,000 t / year
CASE STUDY 2 Numbers and project
The project:
8 million m3/y biomethane (gaseus)
8 million m3/y LBM
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Based in Veneto region, S.E.S.A. is one of the most
important Italian companies involved in the activities of
recycling, recovery, disposal and transportation of waste.
In Este (PD) they own a treatment plant with a capacity
< 300.000 t/y of Organic Fraction Municipal Solid
Waste
CASE STUDY 3
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
CASE STUDY 3 Numbers and project
• An investment in the
biomethane sector of 42
million euro, spread over
5 years
• 4.500 m3 biomethane / h
(LBM + bioCNG) already
authorized
• > 150 natural CNG and
LNG trucks for the
collection and transport
of waste http://www.sesaeste.it/dett_news.php?id_news=568
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
CONCLUSIONS
• In Italy biomethane could be a very important advanced bio-
fuel. It could contribute to achieve the climate targets thanks
to the reduction of CO2 eq emissions, it increases security of
supply and Italian energy independence from other countries
• In Italy biomethane has an enormous potential (maximum
technical potential of 8 billion m3 bioCH4 / y)
• THE ITALIAN MARKET IS READY TO START! But it is
important to remove, as soon as possible, some of the major
barriers for his development
• We are looking for NANO-LNG technologies and we are
very interested to participate in EU projects (H2020, etc)
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
Thanks for
you attention!
CIB
Consorzio Italiano Biogas e Gassificazione
P.IVA: 09248721004
c/o Parco Tecnologico Padano
Via Einstein,
Loc. Cascina Codazza
Lodi (LO)
Lorenzo Maggioni
22-23 May, Parchi del Garda, Pacengo (Verona), Italy
www.regatec.org
Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]
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