Date
Bentley Power Rail Track – SELECTseries 2
Richard W. Bradshaw - Development
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Geometry Enhancements Horizontal and vertical alignment enhancements for rail design
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• The .lck is no longer used, the “who” is persisted to the .alg – In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 2!
• Why? So that we can now manage the .alg within a ProjectWise environment without exporting to a folder
– Well you can still export to a folder, if you want
– But, if you set a variable then the software will always get and put to the ProjectWise server!
– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!
Geometry Projects & Multi-user Access
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• An important change in workflow
– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!
• When you open the file from ProjectWise, check on the read-only check box!
Opening a .alg from ProjectWise
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Additional Cubic Parabola Definitions
• Supported cubic parabolas
– Czech • Along tangent (Czech)
• Along arc (Italian)
– New South Wales
– Western Australia
– MX cubic • Along tangent
• Along arc
• In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!
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Regression Workflow…
• Pre-regression data validation
• Point selection and sorting
– Survey data ordering is not required
• Curvature diagrams
– Indicates approximate locations of specific elements and their types
– Indicates questionable data
– Inclusion of cant enhances the field data!
• Edit / review
– Select / Regress, which is heads-up selection / auto element type determination!
• Reduces potential user errors & time
– Quick Regression
• Slew diagrams and reporting
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Quick Regression
• Quick horizontal regression
– A first pass – automatic regression • Includes lines, circular arcs and spirals
• Resolves long straights into multiple straights
• Quick vertical regression
– Similar to horizontal
– Includes a standard lift & a lines only option
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Single Element Regression Enhancement
• Single element regression with multiple alignments
– Single element regress 2 or more alignments at once
– Regressed elements will be parallel / concentric to each other
– Different offsets for each set of elements
• Enabled by right-clicking in Edit / Review Regression Points list-view
• Automatically occurs with Select & Regress option
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• Sometimes in light rail the transition spirals are replaced with – A series of compound curves with fixed length segments
– Matching up with bending machine capabilities
– We could use a standard set of elements in Multi-Element Regression Analysis, but it was too limiting!
– Added <Ctrl> Add Free Horizontal Curve
– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!
Light Rail & Compound Curves
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• In Horizontal Check Integrity and Vertical Check Integrity you can do <Ctrl> X and <Ctrl> V (i.e. cut and paste operations)
• In Vertical Check Integrity you can also sort by stationing by clicking in the Station header of the list-view
• In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!
Check Integrity Element Reordering
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• View Stationing
– Ticks vs cells
– EGIS Rail
• Curve Set Annotation in Cell
• Multiple Profile Annotation
• Network Rail Extensions
• ProRail Extensions
• Italian Extensions – All user specific, but some useful functionality
Annotation
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Profile Annotation of Multiple Alignments
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Cant / Superelevation Design Specialized geometry for track cant / superelevation
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Cant / Superelevation
• Standard international railway terminology – Equilibrium cant, applied cant,
cant deficiency, etc. • Imperial or metric units
• Calculations
– Standard equilibrium equations that can be found in well known literature
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Integrated into Horizontal Design
• Radius & spiral lengths based upon cant
– Cant & speed are persisted with the horizontal elements
– Suggests spiral lengths • Imperial & metric are slightly different
– Enables design optimization
– Mix transitions types
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Cant Alignment Editor
• Creation based upon
– Equilibrium equations
– Alternate speed
– User defined tables
– S-type transitions (i.e. cosine)
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Turnouts Specialized geometry that conforms to well defined bending rules
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Turnouts
• Single, doubles and slips
– Tangential
– Non-tangential turnouts
• Multiple bending methods to satisfy various industry standards!
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• Create Turnouts
• Create Connection
• Connection Editor
• Create Verticals
• Create Shunt Limit
• Display in Plan / Display in Profile
• Turnout Library
• Turnout Reports
Turnouts
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• Create turnouts either
– In Alignment • As defined on dialog
• Interactively
– In Space
• Create by .1, .0 or .2
– Honor point snap with an offset from snapped point
– Extend mainline by length (Interactive)
• Oriented to Left or Right
• Oriented as Leading or Trailing
Create Turnout
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• Simpler than Connection Editor
• Create a crossover
– As defined on dialog
– Interactively • Identify beginning turnout
• Identify ending alignment
• Ending turnout is the same style as the starting turnout
– The software determines the connecting geometry!
• Connection length / radius are primarily for UK users! – Length / radius are table lookups by user
• May not create collinear geometry at .3
Create Connection
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• Used to create / edit complex geometries involving turnouts! – Maintains rules
– Maintains relationships
– Recalls previous fixities
– Edit just about anything • Style
• Geometry
Connection Editor
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• Maintains mainline track plane through turnout
• Alternate Solver
– Creates best solution, especially when in adverse cant!
• Use View Rails to push the rails into a model for Roadway Designer
Create Vertical Through a Crossover
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• Simply creates a shunt point from the bend geometry
Create Shunt Limits
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• Plan View
• Profile View
Display Turnouts
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• XML / XSL
• Civil Report Browser
Turnout Reports
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• You need to understand the settings and you need to get this right!
• Create / edit standard turnouts
– Single
– Double
– Single / Double Slips
– Crossings
• Bending by Swiss or German rules
– Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
– Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
Turnout Library
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• Length along mainline
• Triangle length
• Ratio
• Branch geometry – It should be obvious that the
geometry is over-determined!
Turnout Library Fundamental Geometry
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• Optional
• Linear
– Rf = Rm
• Circular – Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
– Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
• Last Long Sleeper – Adds a point to a turnout
– Display and Reporting
Turnout Library Standard Sleeper Sets
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• Maintain length along inner rail
• Mainline length along outer rail
– Swiss rules only!
• Last element always unbent – German rules only!
• Verify
• Verify with partial definition
– Computes the unknowns
Turnout Library Miscellaneous Options
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• Maintains
– Length along mainline held • Can be applied to inner or outer rail
– Coordinate Positions • .1, .2, .0 and .3 held
– Tangential Directions • .1 tangential compromised
• .2 tangential held
• .3 tangential held
– Radii • Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
Swiss Bending Methodology
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• Maintains
– Length along mainline held, but it is interpreted as the sub-tangent length not the centerline length!
– Coordinate Positions • .1, .2, .0 and .3 held
– Tangential Directions • .1 tangential held
• .2 tangential held
• .3 tangential held
– Radii • Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T
2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )
– Introduces T2 into the equation
German Bending Methodology
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• Attend session X09 - Power Rail Track later!
How do you go from this to a turnout library?
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• Tuned to UK practice
– Creates line-strings only, no real geometry!
– Ultimately, this methodology will be replaced with Swiss or German rules and methods
Switch & Crossing Library
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• And how it will be build!
Let’s Remember What We Are Building…
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Design Checking Detailed design checking based upon simple built-in rules to specific / comprehensive railway rules
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Built in Design Checking
• Cant Alignment Editor includes basic parameters for design checking
• Visual checking with Display Turnouts
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More Comprehensive Design Checks
• Includes – CEN Standards
– Austrian Rail
– Danish Rail
– Dutch Rail
– German Rail
– Italian Rail
– Russian
– Transrapid (maglev)
• Written to match a railway’s requirements
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Light Rail Manufacturing Specialized functionality for the light rail systems
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Light Rail Design & Manufacturing
• Specialized functionality for light rail systems
• Switches and crossings are generally unique geometry
• Jointed rail
• Pre-bent rails
• Pre-drilled rails
• Distance keepers
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Rails
• Build with horizontal, vertical & cant – Also, remember <Ctrl> Add Free Horizontal
Curve in SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3 as an option to transition spirals
• Multiple rails per track
– Dual gauge systems
– 2D or 3D
• Apply rail profile / cross section
• Apply widening / bending corrections
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Key Points, Switches, Crossings & Joints
• Key points are special points at switches and crossings
• Joints
– Placed between key points
– Specific rules • Outside rail
• Minimum length
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Distance Keepers
• Maintain track gauge
• Placed between joints
– Specific rules • Outside rail
• Distance from start and end
• Distance between
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• Rails
• Joints, crossings & key-points
• Distance keepers
Light Rail Model
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The model is used for fabrication and…
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a week-end’s construction project!
• Last train late Friday, first train early Monday…
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Swept Envelope Analysis Functionality for the creation of vehicle swept envelopes
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Before Going Any Further, A Definition
• From the British Railways Track, Volume 9, Track Terminology book:
– Swept Path – The plan area occupied by a rail vehicle as it moves along a track. The width of the swept path at any point is the same as the width of the swept envelope at that point.
– Swept Envelope – The kinematic envelope enlarged to allow for the effects of vertical and horizontal curvature, including end throw and centre throw of vehicles and cant applied to the track.
– Kinematic Envelope – The cross-sectional profile if a rail vehicle enlarged to include the effects of dynamic sway and vertical movement caused by speed, track curvature and cant, track position tolerances, rail wear, rail head/wheel flange clearances, tilt, vehicle wear and suspension performance at the particular location under consideration. Abbreviated to
KE.
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Swept Envelope Analysis
• Functionality for the creation of swept path / swept envelopes – Results can be
• Horizontal projection only or
• Interactive or
• 3D mesh
– Up to 3 vehicles in tandem
– Uses horizontal, vertical and cant geometries • You can also load a .nwm (i.e. Overhead Line Network Model) file and use
the user defined paths for Swept Envelope Analysis! Use a copy of the .nwm!
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Vehicle Library
• Manages an XML based file of vehicles
– ..\Bentley\PowerRailTrack V8i (SELECTSeries 2)\.. \data\metric\swept envelope vehicles.xml
• A selective / interactive import from .dgn
– Bogie points
– Optional articulation points
– Front, middle & rear sections
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2D / 3D Results
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Roadway Designer for Track Utilizing Roadway Designer for modeling track and earthwork (and this will be very brief!)
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Earthwork Modeling & Templates
• Components
– Closed shapes that represent “man–made” materials
– Ballast
– Subballast
– Sleepers / ties
– Other materials
• End conditions
– Ditches
– Cut / fill slopes • Similar to roads!
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Earthwork Modeling & Roadway Designer
• Utilize alignment model
– Horizontal
– Vertical
– Cant
• Define model specifics
– Typical sections
– Point controls • Cant
• Shoulder widening
• Minimum ballast depth
• Etc.
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A 3D Model…
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Continuing to Enhance and Create Global Rail Solutions!
Questions?
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