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BATCH DATA COMMUNICATION
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Presentation Overview
Duration 90 minutes
Objectives Getting the clear concept of BDC
How to use BDC effectively?
To know the significance of BDC
Pre-Requisites Knowledge of Dialog Programming
Little Functional overview
Contents Introduction to BDC.
Method of Batch Input.
Batch Data Procedures.
Writing BDC programs.
Creating Batch input Session.
Batch Input Recording.
File Transfer and File Handling
Demo 30 minutes
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Introduction
Method of transferring data into the System from other SAP andnon-SAP Systems.
Work by carrying out normal SAP transactions just as a user would.
Execute the transaction automatically.
Suitable for entering large amount of data.
No manual interaction .
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Methods of Batch Input
SAP provide two basic methods for transferring legacy data in to the
R/3 System. Classical Batch Input method.
Call Transaction Method.
1. Classical Batch Input method
An ABAP/4 program reads the external data to the SAP System
and stores in a batch input session.
After creating the session, you can run the session to execute the
SAP transaction in it. You can either monitor the session or run it in
the background.
This method uses the function modules BDC_ OPEN,
BDC_INSERT and BDC_CLOSE
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Classical Batch Input method
Batch input sessions can be processed in various ways:
In the foreground In the background
During processing, with error display
You should process batch input sessions in the foreground
or using the error display if you want to test the data transfer.
If you want to execute the data transfer or test its
performance, you should process the sessions in the
background.
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Classical Batch Input Method
Asynchronous processing
Transfer data for multiple transactions.
Synchronous database update.
A batch input process log is generated for each session.
Session cannot be generated in parallel.
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Methods of Batch Input
2. Call Transaction Method.
ABAP/4 program uses CALL
TRANSACTION USING
statement to run an SAP
transaction.
Entire batch input process takes
place online in the program
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CALL TRANSACTION Method
Using CALL TRANSACTION USING statement
Faster processing of data
Synchronous processing
Transfer data for a single transaction.
No batch input processing log is generated.
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Batch input procedures
1 Analysis of the legacy data.
Determine how the data to betransferred is to be mapped in
to the SAP Structure. Also take
note of necessary data type or
data length conversions.
2 Generate SAP data structures
for using in export programs.
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Batch input procedures
4 Export the data in to a sequential file. Note that character format isrequired by predefined SAP batch input programs.
5 If the SAP supplied BDC programs are not used, code your ownbatch input program. Choose an appropriate batch input methodaccording to the situation.
6 Process the data and add it to the SAP System.
7 Analyze the process log. For the CALL TRANSACTION method,where no proper log is created, use the messages collected by your
program.
8 From the results of the process analysis, correct and reprocess theerroneous data.
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Writing BDC program
Analyze the transaction(s) to process batch input data.
Decide on the batch input method to use.
Read data from a sequential file
Perform data conversion or error checking.
Storing the data in the batch input structure,BDCDATA.
Generate a batch input session for classical batch input,orprocess the data directly with CALL TRANSACTION USING
statement.
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Batch input data structure
Declaration of batch input data structure
DATA : BEGIN OF < bdc table>
OCCURS .
INCLUDE STRUCTURE BDCDATA.
DATA:END OF .
BDCDATA structureField name Type Length Description
PROGRAM CHAR 8 Module pool
DYNPRO NUMC 4 Dynpro number
DYNBEGIN CHAR 1 Starting a dynpro
FNAM CHAR 35 Field nameFVAL CHAR 80 Field value
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Creating Batch input session
Open the batch input session session using function moduleBDC_OPEN_GROUP.
For each transaction in the session:
a. Fill the BDCDATA with values for all screens and fields
processed in the transaction.b. Transfer the transaction to the session with
BDC_INSERT.
Close the batch input session with BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
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Format of BDC_OPEN_GROUP
CALL FUNCTION BDC_OPEN_GROUP
EXPORTINGCLIENT =
GROUP =
HOLDATA =
KEEP =
USER =
EXCEPTIONS RUNNING
QUEUE_ERROR = 1
CLIENT_INVALID = 2
GROUP_INVALID = 3.
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Format for BDC_INSERT and BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
CALL FUNCTION BDC_INSERT
EXPORTING TCODE =
TABLES DYNPROTAB =
EXCEPTIONS
INTERNAL_ERROR = 1
NOT_OPEN = 2
QUEUE_ERROR = 3TCODE_INVALID = 4
CALL FUNCTION BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_OPEN = 1QUEUE_ERROR = 2
Note : Close the session after opening it
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Using CALL TRANSACTION USING for batch input
CALL TRANSACTION
USING
MODE
UPDATE
MESSAGES INTO messtab
DISPLAY MODE:
A :display all(default setting)
E :Display only error
N :No display
Update mode
S : continue processing when update is completed(synchronous)
A : continue processing immediately.
Note: messtab,an internal table must have a structure
BDCMSGCOLL.
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Batch Input Recorder
SAPAG
R
The Batch Input Recorder (1)
Customer Edit Goto Extras Environment System Help
Create Customer: F.I. Initial ScreenCreate Customer: F.I. Initial Screen
Recording NameCustomer
Company code
Account group
Z-Intern
0001
Customer
Company code
BI-Re
corder
Field name Field contents
RF02D-KUNNR Z-InternRF02D-BUKRSRF02D-KTOKD
0001KUNA
Template
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Batch Input Recorder
Batch input recorder records transactions which are manually entered and
create a batch input session which can be executed later using SM35.
Begin the batch input recorder by selecting the Recording pushbutton fromthe batch input initial screen.
The recording name is a user defined name and can match the batch input
session name which can be created from the recording.
Enter a SAP transaction and begin posting the transaction.
After you have completed posting a SAP transaction you either choose Get
Transaction and Save to end the recording or Next Transaction and postanother transaction.
Once you have saved the recording you can create a batch input session
from the recording and/or generate a batch input program from the
recording.
The batch input session you created can now be analyzed just like any
other batch input session. The program which is generated by the function of the batch input recorder
is a powerful tool for the data interface programmer. It provides an solid
base which can then be altered according to customer requirements.
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BDC Program
report zbdc05 .
tables: ztrg_em05.
data: begin of itab occurs 0,
emplno(6),
empl_name like ztrg_em05-empl_name,
deptno(3),
end of itab.
data: bdctab like bdcdata occurs 0 with header line.
call function 'WS_UPLOAD'
exporting
filename = 'C:\DEMO.TXT'
filetype = 'DAT'
tables
data_tab = itab
exceptions
----
call function 'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
exportingclient = sy-mandt
group = 'TEST'
user = sy-uname
exceptions
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BDC Program
loop at itab.
refresh bdctab.
clear bdctab.
perform bdcfill using : 'X' '9000' 'SAPMZ705',' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/5',
'X' '9000' 'SAPMZ705',
' ' 'ZTRG_EM05-EMPLNO' itab-emplno,
' ' 'ZTRG_EM05-EMPL_NAME' itab-empl_
' ' 'ZTRG_EM05-DEPTNO' itab-deptno,
'X' '9000' 'SAPMZ705',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/11'.
call function 'BDC_INSERT'
exporting
tcode = 'Z705'
tables
dynprotab = bdctab
exceptions
----
write 'BDC inserted'.
endloop.
call function 'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP'
exceptions
----
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FILE TRANSFER & FILE HANDLING
OPEN DATASET dsn.
Additions:1. ... FOR OUTPUT
2. ... FOR INPUT
3. ... FOR APPENDING
4. ... IN BINARY MODE
5. ... IN TEXT MODE
6. ... AT POSITION pos
7. ... TYPE ctrl
8. ... MESSAGE mess
9. ... FILTER
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FILE TRANSFER & FILE HANDLING
Opens the specified file. If no addition is specified, the file is
opened for reading and in binary mode .
The return code is set as follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0: The file was opened.
SY-SUBRC = 8: The file could not be opened.
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FILE TRANSFER & FILE HANDLING
Example
DATA: DSN(20) VALUE '/usr/test',RECORD(80).
OPEN DATASET DSN.
DO.
READ DATASET DSN INTO RECORD.IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.
EXIT.
ELSE.
WRITE: / RECORD.
ENDIF.ENDDO.
CLOSE DATASET DSN.
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FILE TRANSFER & FILE HANDLING
TRANSFER f TO dsn.
Transfers the field f (usually a field string) to the
sequential file specified in dsn (this may be a literal or a
field).
Example DATA REC(80).
TRANSFER REC TO '/usr/test'.
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