“Helping Customers Discover Energy Solutions”
Keys to Energy Management
Keys to Energy Management Know how much energy is used Know when energy is used Know where energy is used Know the electricity rate schedule Practice simple energy management
techniques
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Terminology
Voltage – Volts (V) Current – Amps (A) Resistance – Ohms
(R) Power – Watts (W) Ohms Law kW – kilowatt kWh – kilowatt hour Power Factor Load Factor
kVA – kilovolt ampere
rkVA – reactive kilovolt ampere
CDD – Cooling Degree Day
HDD – Heating Degree Day
On-Peak Hours Off-Peak Hours
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Power
P (watts) = V (volts) x A (amps)
A (amps) = P (watts) / V (volts)
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KW
•W (watt) x 1,000 = KW (kilowatt)
•Demand
•Rate at which energy is used
•W = V x A
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KWH
•KW (kilowatt) x Time (hours) = KWH (kilowatt – hour)
•Energy consumed during a period of time
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Distribution
Typical voltage: 13.2 kV, 34.5 kV
Overhead vs. Underground
Right of Way/Easements
Tree Trimming Storms Vehicle Accidents Safety
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Service Types
Overhead Underground
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Metering
Electric Meter, or Watt-hour Meter, an instrument that measures the amount of electric energy used by a consumer.
The meter is calibrated in kilowatt-hours. One kilowatt-hour is the amount of
electric energy required to provide 1,000 watts of power for a period of one hour.
Ten 100-watt light bulbs left on for one hour consume one kilowatt-hour of electric energy.
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Analog Meters
Five dials The basic unit of
measure of electric power is the watt.
One thousand watts are called a kilowatt.
If you use one thousand watts of power in one hour you have used a kilowatt-hour (kWh).
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Digital Meters
Digital readout Meter automatically
scrolls through several different displays.
Each display remains on screen for three to five seconds.
These displays will show your kilowatt-hour usage, date and time and other network and diagnostic information
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Metering
Meter Reading Schedule – 2011
Meter Reading Contact Closures Interval Data
Recorder (IDR) Half-hour interval
data Automatic Meter
Reading (AMR)www.eDiscoveri.com 14
Demand
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Electric Bill Components
Billing Determinants
Rate Schedule Billing Period Dates Billing Days Off-Peak Usage (kWh) On-Peak Usage (kWh) Distribution Demand
(kW) Off-Peak Demand (kW) On-Peak Demand (kW) rKVA
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Electric Bill Components
Bill Details Bill Details
Distribution Service Basic Customer Charge Distribution Demand rKVA Demand Rider C1 Rider C2
Electricity Supply Service On-Peak Demand Charge Off-Peak Demand Charge Adjustment Charge
On-Peak Energy Charge Off-Peak Energy Charge Fuel Rider R Rider S Rider T Rider BRC
Meter Behind Transformer
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Electric Bill Components
Bill Details
Sales and Use Surcharge
Distribution Facilities Charge
Transmission Facilities Charge
State/Local Consumption Tax
Local Utility Tax
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Dominion Virginia Power Jurisdictional Rates - GS-1, 2, 2T, 3 & 4
GS-1 – 30 kW or less GS-2 – 30 kW – 500 kW GS-2T – 30 kW – 500 kW Time of Usage GS-3 – 500 kW or greater. Secondary
Voltage GS-4 – 500 kW or greater. Primary
Voltagewww.eDiscoveri.com 21
Dominion Virginia Power Special Tariffs Schedule 6TS – Thermal Storage Schedule 10 – Large General Service
Variable Pricing Calendar year divided into “A”, “B” and “C”
days “A” days most expensive. Maximum of 28
“A” days in any calendar year “B” days mid range “C” days least expensive. Minimum of 60
“C” days in any calendar year Day classification found at +1 800 446 4877
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Dominion Virginia Power Riders Rider A – Fuel Charge Rider Rider BRC – Base Rate Credit Rider C1 – Peak-Shaving Rider C2 – Energy Efficiency Rider R – Bear Garden Generating Station Rider S – Virginia City Hybrid Energy
Center Rider T – Transmission Sales and Use Surcharge
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Dominion Virginia Power Tax Consumption Tax
Tax on the consumers of electricity in the Commonwealth based on kilowatt hours delivered by the incumbent distribution utility and used per month
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VEPGA Rates
Local Virginia governments, through the Virginia Energy Purchasing Governmental Association (VEPGA), negotiate their own electric rates
Members list Rates
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Commonwealth of Virginia Rates Schedule 5VA – Small General Service Schedule 6VA – Large General Service Fuel Factor Rider A Rider R Rider S Rider T Credit Rider BRC Sales and Use Tax Surcharge
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Keys to Energy Management Know how much energy is used Know when energy is used Know where energy is used Know the cost of electricity & rate
schedule Practice simple energy management
techniques
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Energy Management Program Organize Energy Team Develop Baseline of Energy
Consumption and Cost Conduct Walk Thru Energy Audits Develop Relationship With Electric
Utility Review Agreements Between Customer
and Electric Utility Review Electric Bills to Confirm Proper
Rate Selectionwww.eDiscoveri.com 29
Practical Strategies for Energy Savings Shift usage to off-peak periods Use start time and stop time
optimization to minimize consumption
Review daily demand graphs for opportunities to peak shave or shift load
Determine cost benefit of installing more efficient lighting and motors
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Opportunities
Energy Baseline – EnergyCAP Express
Demand Response – Energy Curtailment Specialists
Account Totalization Contract – Contract Minimum
Demand and Facilities Charge Adjustment
Utility Rebateswww.eDiscoveri.com 32
About eDiscoveri
eDiscoveri's mission is to help customers:
Manage relationships with electric utilities
Increase operational uptime through improved electric supply reliability
Reduce energy costs
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Energy Cost Reductions
eDiscoveri can help customers reduce their energy costs by:
Conducting energy usage baseline studies to help monitor the success of future initiatives
Performing financial audits of utility bills to ensure billing accuracy
Helping customers understand rates and other options at their disposal
Conducting energy rates training courses
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Contact Us
Contact us for a free consultation on how we can develop and implement an effective and efficient relationship with your energy provider.
eDiscoveriP. O. Box 29254Henrico, VA 23242+1 804 291 7667 Cell+1 804 741 9429 [email protected]/ediscoveri
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Thank You!
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