CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
DEGREE OF BA MALAYALAM BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MALAYALAM
(CHOICE BASED CREDIT AND SEMESTER SYSTEM FOR UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM)
UNDER THE FACULTY OF ARTS
SYLLABUS
(FOR THE STUDENTS ADMITTED FROM THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 ndash lsquo20 ONWARDS)
BOARD OF STUDIES IN MALAYALAM (UG)
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA - 680125 KERALA INDIA
JUNE 2019
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GENERAL SCHEME OF THE PROGRAMME
Sl No Course
1 Common Courses (English)
No of Courses
6
Credits
22
2 Common Courses (Additional Language) 4 16
3 Core Courses 15 61
4 Project (Linked to Core Courses) 1 2
5 Complementary Courses 2 16
6 Open Courses 1 3
Total 120
Audit course 4 16
Extra Credit Course 1 4
Total 140
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A Common Courses of BA Malayalam
Sl No Code Title Semester
1 A01 Common English Course I I
2 A02 Common English Course II I
3 A03 Common English Course III II
4 A04 Common English Course IV II
5 A05 Common English Course V III
6 A06 Common English Course VI IV
7 A07(1) Additional language Course I I
8 A08(1) Additional language Course II II
9 A09 Additional language Course III III
10 A10 Additional language Course IV IV
Total Credits38
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Duration The duration of a UG Programme shall be 6 semesters distributed over a
period of 3 academic years The odd semesters (1 3 5) shall be from June to October
and the even semesters (2 4 6) shall be from November to March
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Courses The UG Programme shall include five types of courses viz Common Courses
(Code A) Core courses (Code B) Complementary courses (Code C) Open Course (Code
D) and Audit courses (Code E)
Common Courses of BA Malayalam
No Programme Semester I Semester II Semester III Semester IV
1 BA Malayalam A01 A02 A07(1)
A03 A04 A08(1)
A05 A09 A06 A10
Core courses Core courses are the courses in the major (core) subject of the
degree programme chosen by the student Core courses are offered by the parent
department
Complementary courses Complementary courses cover one or two disciplines
that are related to the core subject and are distributed in the first four semesters There
shall be one complementary course in a semester for BA Programmes The
complementary courses in first and fourth semester (Type 1) shall be the same
Similarly the complementary courses in second and third semester (Type 2) shall be the
same Once they choose the complementary courses that should be intimated to the
university If a college wants to change the complementary course pattern (Type 1 or
Type 2) prior sanction has to be obtained All other programmes existing pattern will
follow
Open courses There shall be one open course in core subjects in the fifth
semester The open course shall be open to all the students in the institution except
the students in the parent department The students can opt that course from any
other department in the institution Each department can decide the open course
from a pool of three courses offered by the University Total credit allotted for
open
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course is 3 and the hours allotted is 3 If there is only one programme in a college they
can choose either language courses or physical education as open course
Ability Enhancement coursesAudit courses
1 These are courses which are mandatory for a programme but not counted for the
calculation of SGPA or CGPA There shall be one Audit course each in the first four
semesters These courses are not meant for class room study The students can attain
only pass (Grade P) for these courses At the end of each semester there shall be
examination conducted by the college from a pool of questions (Question Bank) set by
the College The students can attain these credits through christopencoursew a r e The list
of courses in each semester with credits are given below
Course with credit Semester
Environment Studies ndash 4 1
Disaster Management shy 4 2
Human Rights 3
Gender Studies 4
Extra credit Activities Extra credits are mandatory for the programme Extra
credits will be awarded to students who participate in activities like NCC NSS and
Swatch Bharath
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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6
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7
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III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
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23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
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I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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GENERAL SCHEME OF THE PROGRAMME
Sl No Course
1 Common Courses (English)
No of Courses
6
Credits
22
2 Common Courses (Additional Language) 4 16
3 Core Courses 15 61
4 Project (Linked to Core Courses) 1 2
5 Complementary Courses 2 16
6 Open Courses 1 3
Total 120
Audit course 4 16
Extra Credit Course 1 4
Total 140
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A Common Courses of BA Malayalam
Sl No Code Title Semester
1 A01 Common English Course I I
2 A02 Common English Course II I
3 A03 Common English Course III II
4 A04 Common English Course IV II
5 A05 Common English Course V III
6 A06 Common English Course VI IV
7 A07(1) Additional language Course I I
8 A08(1) Additional language Course II II
9 A09 Additional language Course III III
10 A10 Additional language Course IV IV
Total Credits38
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Duration The duration of a UG Programme shall be 6 semesters distributed over a
period of 3 academic years The odd semesters (1 3 5) shall be from June to October
and the even semesters (2 4 6) shall be from November to March
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Courses The UG Programme shall include five types of courses viz Common Courses
(Code A) Core courses (Code B) Complementary courses (Code C) Open Course (Code
D) and Audit courses (Code E)
Common Courses of BA Malayalam
No Programme Semester I Semester II Semester III Semester IV
1 BA Malayalam A01 A02 A07(1)
A03 A04 A08(1)
A05 A09 A06 A10
Core courses Core courses are the courses in the major (core) subject of the
degree programme chosen by the student Core courses are offered by the parent
department
Complementary courses Complementary courses cover one or two disciplines
that are related to the core subject and are distributed in the first four semesters There
shall be one complementary course in a semester for BA Programmes The
complementary courses in first and fourth semester (Type 1) shall be the same
Similarly the complementary courses in second and third semester (Type 2) shall be the
same Once they choose the complementary courses that should be intimated to the
university If a college wants to change the complementary course pattern (Type 1 or
Type 2) prior sanction has to be obtained All other programmes existing pattern will
follow
Open courses There shall be one open course in core subjects in the fifth
semester The open course shall be open to all the students in the institution except
the students in the parent department The students can opt that course from any
other department in the institution Each department can decide the open course
from a pool of three courses offered by the University Total credit allotted for
open
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course is 3 and the hours allotted is 3 If there is only one programme in a college they
can choose either language courses or physical education as open course
Ability Enhancement coursesAudit courses
1 These are courses which are mandatory for a programme but not counted for the
calculation of SGPA or CGPA There shall be one Audit course each in the first four
semesters These courses are not meant for class room study The students can attain
only pass (Grade P) for these courses At the end of each semester there shall be
examination conducted by the college from a pool of questions (Question Bank) set by
the College The students can attain these credits through christopencoursew a r e The list
of courses in each semester with credits are given below
Course with credit Semester
Environment Studies ndash 4 1
Disaster Management shy 4 2
Human Rights 3
Gender Studies 4
Extra credit Activities Extra credits are mandatory for the programme Extra
credits will be awarded to students who participate in activities like NCC NSS and
Swatch Bharath
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
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4
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5
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hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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A Common Courses of BA Malayalam
Sl No Code Title Semester
1 A01 Common English Course I I
2 A02 Common English Course II I
3 A03 Common English Course III II
4 A04 Common English Course IV II
5 A05 Common English Course V III
6 A06 Common English Course VI IV
7 A07(1) Additional language Course I I
8 A08(1) Additional language Course II II
9 A09 Additional language Course III III
10 A10 Additional language Course IV IV
Total Credits38
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Duration The duration of a UG Programme shall be 6 semesters distributed over a
period of 3 academic years The odd semesters (1 3 5) shall be from June to October
and the even semesters (2 4 6) shall be from November to March
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Courses The UG Programme shall include five types of courses viz Common Courses
(Code A) Core courses (Code B) Complementary courses (Code C) Open Course (Code
D) and Audit courses (Code E)
Common Courses of BA Malayalam
No Programme Semester I Semester II Semester III Semester IV
1 BA Malayalam A01 A02 A07(1)
A03 A04 A08(1)
A05 A09 A06 A10
Core courses Core courses are the courses in the major (core) subject of the
degree programme chosen by the student Core courses are offered by the parent
department
Complementary courses Complementary courses cover one or two disciplines
that are related to the core subject and are distributed in the first four semesters There
shall be one complementary course in a semester for BA Programmes The
complementary courses in first and fourth semester (Type 1) shall be the same
Similarly the complementary courses in second and third semester (Type 2) shall be the
same Once they choose the complementary courses that should be intimated to the
university If a college wants to change the complementary course pattern (Type 1 or
Type 2) prior sanction has to be obtained All other programmes existing pattern will
follow
Open courses There shall be one open course in core subjects in the fifth
semester The open course shall be open to all the students in the institution except
the students in the parent department The students can opt that course from any
other department in the institution Each department can decide the open course
from a pool of three courses offered by the University Total credit allotted for
open
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course is 3 and the hours allotted is 3 If there is only one programme in a college they
can choose either language courses or physical education as open course
Ability Enhancement coursesAudit courses
1 These are courses which are mandatory for a programme but not counted for the
calculation of SGPA or CGPA There shall be one Audit course each in the first four
semesters These courses are not meant for class room study The students can attain
only pass (Grade P) for these courses At the end of each semester there shall be
examination conducted by the college from a pool of questions (Question Bank) set by
the College The students can attain these credits through christopencoursew a r e The list
of courses in each semester with credits are given below
Course with credit Semester
Environment Studies ndash 4 1
Disaster Management shy 4 2
Human Rights 3
Gender Studies 4
Extra credit Activities Extra credits are mandatory for the programme Extra
credits will be awarded to students who participate in activities like NCC NSS and
Swatch Bharath
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
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]TnXmhns AhcpsS BAgravePnXUacutemsmacrbpw `mjmtijntbbpw ]cnKWnumlpsImminuspAring
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khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
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]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
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XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
ZnmNcWsectAuml NAgraveumlIAuml kwhmZsectAuml skanmdpIAuml ncq]WsectAuml ^oumldpIAuml mSIw
knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
amKknsup3 ]Xw tdUntbm traquomKv ssk_dnSsectAuml apZmhmIyw apZmKoXw apXembh)
Fparansects hnhn[ `mjmhymhlmcsectfnAcirc InbmXvaIambn CSs]laquopsImminusmWv
`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
kzacutew `mjtbbpw kwkvImctmacrbpw Ipdnumlv A`namw sImAringpIbpw AXnp thminusn
nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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Courses The UG Programme shall include five types of courses viz Common Courses
(Code A) Core courses (Code B) Complementary courses (Code C) Open Course (Code
D) and Audit courses (Code E)
Common Courses of BA Malayalam
No Programme Semester I Semester II Semester III Semester IV
1 BA Malayalam A01 A02 A07(1)
A03 A04 A08(1)
A05 A09 A06 A10
Core courses Core courses are the courses in the major (core) subject of the
degree programme chosen by the student Core courses are offered by the parent
department
Complementary courses Complementary courses cover one or two disciplines
that are related to the core subject and are distributed in the first four semesters There
shall be one complementary course in a semester for BA Programmes The
complementary courses in first and fourth semester (Type 1) shall be the same
Similarly the complementary courses in second and third semester (Type 2) shall be the
same Once they choose the complementary courses that should be intimated to the
university If a college wants to change the complementary course pattern (Type 1 or
Type 2) prior sanction has to be obtained All other programmes existing pattern will
follow
Open courses There shall be one open course in core subjects in the fifth
semester The open course shall be open to all the students in the institution except
the students in the parent department The students can opt that course from any
other department in the institution Each department can decide the open course
from a pool of three courses offered by the University Total credit allotted for
open
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course is 3 and the hours allotted is 3 If there is only one programme in a college they
can choose either language courses or physical education as open course
Ability Enhancement coursesAudit courses
1 These are courses which are mandatory for a programme but not counted for the
calculation of SGPA or CGPA There shall be one Audit course each in the first four
semesters These courses are not meant for class room study The students can attain
only pass (Grade P) for these courses At the end of each semester there shall be
examination conducted by the college from a pool of questions (Question Bank) set by
the College The students can attain these credits through christopencoursew a r e The list
of courses in each semester with credits are given below
Course with credit Semester
Environment Studies ndash 4 1
Disaster Management shy 4 2
Human Rights 3
Gender Studies 4
Extra credit Activities Extra credits are mandatory for the programme Extra
credits will be awarded to students who participate in activities like NCC NSS and
Swatch Bharath
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
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]Tt_m[ ]hAgravemacrsectfneqsS kzbw]Tmacrnsacircbpw AtzjWmacrnsacircbpw
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khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
kzmwioIcniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw Ahsb hnaAgraveimszligIambn kao]niexclmpw hoIcniexclmpapAring
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]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
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XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
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knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
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`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
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nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
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imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
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DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
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nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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course is 3 and the hours allotted is 3 If there is only one programme in a college they
can choose either language courses or physical education as open course
Ability Enhancement coursesAudit courses
1 These are courses which are mandatory for a programme but not counted for the
calculation of SGPA or CGPA There shall be one Audit course each in the first four
semesters These courses are not meant for class room study The students can attain
only pass (Grade P) for these courses At the end of each semester there shall be
examination conducted by the college from a pool of questions (Question Bank) set by
the College The students can attain these credits through christopencoursew a r e The list
of courses in each semester with credits are given below
Course with credit Semester
Environment Studies ndash 4 1
Disaster Management shy 4 2
Human Rights 3
Gender Studies 4
Extra credit Activities Extra credits are mandatory for the programme Extra
credits will be awarded to students who participate in activities like NCC NSS and
Swatch Bharath
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
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imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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Credits A student is required to acquire a minimum of 140 credits for the completion
of the UG programme of which 120 credits are to be acquired from class room study and
shall only be counted for SGPA and CGPA Out of the120 credits 38 (22 for common
English courses and 16 for common languages other than English) credits shall be from
common courses 2 credits for project corresponding paper and 3 credits for the
open course(In the case of LRP Programmes 14 credits for common courses (English)
8 credits for additional language courses and 16 credits for General courses) The
maximum credits for a course shall not exceed 5 Dual core programmes are having
separate credit distribution Audit courses shall have 4 credits per course and a total of
16 credits in the entire programme The maximum credit acquired under extra credit
shall be 4 If more Extra credit activities are done by a student that may be mentioned
in the Grade card The credits of audited courses or extra credits are not counted for
SGPA or CGPA
Attendance A student shall be permitted to appear for the semester examination
only if he she secures not less than75 attendance in each semester Attendance
shall be maintained by the Department concerned Condonation of shortage of
attendance to a maximum of 10 in the case of single condonation and 20 in the
case of double condonation in a semester shall be granted by University remitting
the required fee Benefits of attendance may be granted to students who attend the
approved activities of the college university with the prior concurrence of the
Head of the institution Participation in such activities may be treated as presence
in lieu of their absence on production of participationattendance certificate
(within two weeks) in curricularextracurricular activities (maximum 9 days in a
semester) Students can avail of condonation of shortage of attendance in a maximum
of four semesters during the entire programme (Either four single condonations or
one double condonation and two single condonation during the entire
programme) If a student fails to get 65 attendance heshe can move to the
next semester only if heshe acquires 50 attendance In that case a provisional
registration is needed
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
_ncpZXe `mjmkmlnXy]Tw thorn s]mXpkao]w
`mjmkmlnXy]Tw sFNtildenIamsbSpmacrv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc ]thiniexclppara apXnAgravepara
]TnXmhns AhcpsS BAgravePnXUacutemsmacrbpw `mjmtijntbbpw ]cnKWnumlpsImminuspAring
]Tt_m[ ]hAgravemacrsectfneqsS kzbw]Tmacrnsacircbpw AtzjWmacrnsacircbpw
Isminusmacrensacircbpw DbAgravepara XemacrntesiexclmacrntiexclminusXpminusv AhAgrave XncsordfSpmacr
khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
kzmwioIcniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw Ahsb hnaAgraveimszligIambn kao]niexclmpw hoIcniexclmpapAring
tijnbpw hnIkntiexclminusXpminusv ]nevIme PohnXmacrnpw sXmgnenpw klmbIhpw
amAgraveKnAgravetZiIhpamIppara hn[macrnAcirc Pm[n]Xymacrnepw atXXcXzmacrnepw enwKkaXzmacrnepw
]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
BAgravePniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw s]mXpsXmgnenSsectfnepw ^e]Zambn CSs]Smsup3 Ignbpparahn[macrnAcirc
DbAgravepara _psup2nhnImkhpw `mjmss]pWnIfpw kzmwioIcniexclWw
A]KYniexclpI DZvKYniexclpI hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI
XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
ZnmNcWsectAuml NAgraveumlIAuml kwhmZsectAuml skanmdpIAuml ncq]WsectAuml ^oumldpIAuml mSIw
knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
amKknsup3 ]Xw tdUntbm traquomKv ssk_dnSsectAuml apZmhmIyw apZmKoXw apXembh)
Fparansects hnhn[ `mjmhymhlmcsectfnAcirc InbmXvaIambn CSs]laquopsImminusmWv
`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
kzacutew `mjtbbpw kwkvImctmacrbpw Ipdnumlv A`namw sImAringpIbpw AXnp thminusn
nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
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DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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Such students can appear for supplementary examination for such semesters after the
completion of the programme Less than 50 attendance requires Readmission
Readmission is permitted only once during the entire programme
Grace Marks Grace Marks may be awarded to a student for meritorious
achievements in coshycurricular activities (in SportsArtsNSSNCCStudent
Entrepreneurship) carried out besides the regular hours Such a benefit is applicable
and limited to a maximum of 8 courses in an academic year spreading over two
semesters In addition maximum of 6 marks per semester can be awarded to the
students of UG Programmes for participating in the College Fitness Education
Programme (COFE)
Project Every student of a UG degree Programme shall have to work on a project
of 2 credits under the supervision of a faculty member or shall opt for a theory
course based on Research Methodology as per the curriculum College shall have
the liberty to choose either of the above But SDEPrivate Registration students
shall opt for the Research Methodology course instead of project Board of Studies
concerned shall prepare the syllabus for the same
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
_ncpZXe `mjmkmlnXy]Tw thorn s]mXpkao]w
`mjmkmlnXy]Tw sFNtildenIamsbSpmacrv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc ]thiniexclppara apXnAgravepara
]TnXmhns AhcpsS BAgravePnXUacutemsmacrbpw `mjmtijntbbpw ]cnKWnumlpsImminuspAring
]Tt_m[ ]hAgravemacrsectfneqsS kzbw]Tmacrnsacircbpw AtzjWmacrnsacircbpw
Isminusmacrensacircbpw DbAgravepara XemacrntesiexclmacrntiexclminusXpminusv AhAgrave XncsordfSpmacr
khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
kzmwioIcniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw Ahsb hnaAgraveimszligIambn kao]niexclmpw hoIcniexclmpapAring
tijnbpw hnIkntiexclminusXpminusv ]nevIme PohnXmacrnpw sXmgnenpw klmbIhpw
amAgraveKnAgravetZiIhpamIppara hn[macrnAcirc Pm[n]Xymacrnepw atXXcXzmacrnepw enwKkaXzmacrnepw
]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
BAgravePniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw s]mXpsXmgnenSsectfnepw ^e]Zambn CSs]Smsup3 Ignbpparahn[macrnAcirc
DbAgravepara _psup2nhnImkhpw `mjmss]pWnIfpw kzmwioIcniexclWw
A]KYniexclpI DZvKYniexclpI hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI
XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
ZnmNcWsectAuml NAgraveumlIAuml kwhmZsectAuml skanmdpIAuml ncq]WsectAuml ^oumldpIAuml mSIw
knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
amKknsup3 ]Xw tdUntbm traquomKv ssk_dnSsectAuml apZmhmIyw apZmKoXw apXembh)
Fparansects hnhn[ `mjmhymhlmcsectfnAcirc InbmXvaIambn CSs]laquopsImminusmWv
`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
kzacutew `mjtbbpw kwkvImctmacrbpw Ipdnumlv A`namw sImAringpIbpw AXnp thminusn
nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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1
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDA
MALAYALAM BA DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
SYLLABUS ndash 2019
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3
_ncpZXe `mjmkmlnXy]Tw thorn s]mXpkao]w
`mjmkmlnXy]Tw sFNtildenIamsbSpmacrv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc ]thiniexclppara apXnAgravepara
]TnXmhns AhcpsS BAgravePnXUacutemsmacrbpw `mjmtijntbbpw ]cnKWnumlpsImminuspAring
]Tt_m[ ]hAgravemacrsectfneqsS kzbw]Tmacrnsacircbpw AtzjWmacrnsacircbpw
Isminusmacrensacircbpw DbAgravepara XemacrntesiexclmacrntiexclminusXpminusv AhAgrave XncsordfSpmacr
khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
kzmwioIcniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw Ahsb hnaAgraveimszligIambn kao]niexclmpw hoIcniexclmpapAring
tijnbpw hnIkntiexclminusXpminusv ]nevIme PohnXmacrnpw sXmgnenpw klmbIhpw
amAgraveKnAgravetZiIhpamIppara hn[macrnAcirc Pm[n]Xymacrnepw atXXcXzmacrnepw enwKkaXzmacrnepw
]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
BAgravePniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw s]mXpsXmgnenSsectfnepw ^e]Zambn CSs]Smsup3 Ignbpparahn[macrnAcirc
DbAgravepara _psup2nhnImkhpw `mjmss]pWnIfpw kzmwioIcniexclWw
A]KYniexclpI DZvKYniexclpI hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI
XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
ZnmNcWsectAuml NAgraveumlIAuml kwhmZsectAuml skanmdpIAuml ncq]WsectAuml ^oumldpIAuml mSIw
knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
amKknsup3 ]Xw tdUntbm traquomKv ssk_dnSsectAuml apZmhmIyw apZmKoXw apXembh)
Fparansects hnhn[ `mjmhymhlmcsectfnAcirc InbmXvaIambn CSs]laquopsImminusmWv
`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
kzacutew `mjtbbpw kwkvImctmacrbpw Ipdnumlv A`namw sImAringpIbpw AXnp thminusn
nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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3
_ncpZXe `mjmkmlnXy]Tw thorn s]mXpkao]w
`mjmkmlnXy]Tw sFNtildenIamsbSpmacrv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc ]thiniexclppara apXnAgravepara
]TnXmhns AhcpsS BAgravePnXUacutemsmacrbpw `mjmtijntbbpw ]cnKWnumlpsImminuspAring
]Tt_m[ ]hAgravemacrsectfneqsS kzbw]Tmacrnsacircbpw AtzjWmacrnsacircbpw
Isminusmacrensacircbpw DbAgravepara XemacrntesiexclmacrntiexclminusXpminusv AhAgrave XncsordfSpmacr
khntijUacutemtaJesb AYhm `mjmkmlnXy]Tsmacr Bgmacrnepw ]ccedilnepw
kzmwioIcniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw Ahsb hnaAgraveimszligIambn kao]niexclmpw hoIcniexclmpapAring
tijnbpw hnIkntiexclminusXpminusv ]nevIme PohnXmacrnpw sXmgnenpw klmbIhpw
amAgraveKnAgravetZiIhpamIppara hn[macrnAcirc Pm[n]Xymacrnepw atXXcXzmacrnepw enwKkaXzmacrnepw
]cnOslashnXnkulrZmacrnepw A[njvTnXamb amhnIX AYhm aqeyt_m[w
BAgravePniexclpparatXmsSmcedilw s]mXpsXmgnenSsectfnepw ^e]Zambn CSs]Smsup3 Ignbpparahn[macrnAcirc
DbAgravepara _psup2nhnImkhpw `mjmss]pWnIfpw kzmwioIcniexclWw
A]KYniexclpI DZvKYniexclpI hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI
XpSsectnb DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbbnteiexclv ]TnXmhns Fmacrniexclmsup3 km[niexclppara hn[macrnepAring
kwhmZmszligIamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfpw aqeynAgraveWbhpamWv _ncpZXemacrnAcirc StiexclminusXv
ZnmNcWsectAuml NAgraveumlIAuml kwhmZsectAuml skanmdpIAuml ncq]WsectAuml ^oumldpIAuml mSIw
knna tUmIypsaacircdn ^oAcircUvSncedilv ]knsup2oIcWsectAuml (tmlaquookv eLpteJ NpaAgrave]XsectAuml
ssIsbgpmacrp amknIIAuml t]mIgravedpIAuml IY IhnX teJw Csup3eacircv amKknsup3 ]nacircUv
amKknsup3 ]Xw tdUntbm traquomKv ssk_dnSsectAuml apZmhmIyw apZmKoXw apXembh)
Fparansects hnhn[ `mjmhymhlmcsectfnAcirc InbmXvaIambn CSs]laquopsImminusmWv
`mjmkmlnXyhnZymAgravedegnbpsS ]Tw aptparamlaquopt]mthminusXv PohnXsmacrbpw Npaumlp]mSnsbpw
AXnsacirc FAtildemhn[ kbrvbaroAgraveregXItfmSpw IqSnmacrspara DAumlsiexclmtAringminusXpsminusparaXnmAcirc
kmbrvbarev]nI ]ivsecttfmSAtilde bYmAgravedeg temIPohnX kmlNcysecttfmSpXsparabmWv ]TnXmhv
CSs]tSminusXv AoXniexclpw AIamacrnpw NqjWmacrnpw hnthNmacrnpw FXnsc
hnizamhnIXtbmSmWv AhAgrave sFIyscediltSminusXv
kzacutew `mjtbbpw kwkvImctmacrbpw Ipdnumlv A`namw sImAringpIbpw AXnp thminusn
nesImAringmpAring atm`mhw ]peAgravemacrpIbpw sNiquestpparatXmsSmcedilw AXns
imkvXkmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbtmacrmsSbpw AAtildemsXbpw B[poIcniexclmpAring
iasectfnepw ]brvbarmfnbmthminusXpminusv eLqt]mPIvSpIAuml GsaumlSpmacrpsImminusv
imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcWttSminusXpw Cu
LlaquomacrnAcircmacrsparabmWv klhAgravemacrnXhpw klIcWmszligX
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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4
hpamb ]Tmacrnv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS AYhm kmaqlnIUacutem nAgravefrac12nXnbneqsS
DbAgravepara]Ttlaquow ssIhcniexclmsup3 km[niexclpsaparapw XncnumldntbminusXpminusv
PohnXhyhlmcsectfnAcirc Uacutemw ]XypoundscedilSpI hyXykvX hnjbsectfmbsAtildeparapw
DZvKYnXambmsWparapw Uacutemsmacr hnhn[ hnjbsectfmiexclpparaXv ]TkuIcymacrnpw IqSpXAcirc
sshZKvsup2yw tSpparaXnpamsWparapapAring Xncnumldnhv nenAgravemacrmsup3 _ncpZ Xemacrnse
AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI _lpsshUacutemnI kao]w AYhm Hmcedilnot tImgvkv
nenAgravetmacrminusXpminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc Hmcedilnot tImgvknv kumicrocymszligI
hnZym`ymksapara BXyacutenI epoundyamWv DminusmthminusXv ssksup2macutenI NcnX hymIcW
`mjmimkvX ]TsectAumliexclp]cn BkzmZw epoundyamiexcln IY IhnX mSIw NeumlnXw
Fparanhbviexclv apsup3KW AcircImw
sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb hnZym`ymkmacrnpAring D]m[n Fpara nebnemWv
_ncpZXemacrnse tImanottImgvkv aebmfsmacr ImtWminusXv hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacutebpw am
hnIXbpw hfAgravemacrmpXIppara D]ymksectfpw `mjbpsS iagravenbpw kumicrocyhpw Ap`qXnbpw
Ap`hncedilniexclppara kzbw BkzmZpoundasectfmb IY IhnX tmhAcirc mSIw
FparanhbpamWv ]mTy]sup2XnbnAcirc DAumlscedilSptmacrminusXv
kmlnXy`mhpIXzmacrnsacirc sshhn[ysmacr XncnumldnbpparaXnpw hyXykvX kwkvImcsectsf
]cnNbscedilSpparaXnpw frac12psSkwkvImcsmacr ]NcncedilniexclpparaXnpapAring kAgravecurrenmszligI]hAgravemacrw
FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc ]kagraven t_m[yscediltSminusXpminusv aXw imkvXw Sqdnkw
cmjvSobw bXacute]hAgravemacrw am[yaw Fparansects hn]peamb hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc
km[yXIfnteiexclpAring ASnOslashm ss]pWohnImkw FparanebnAcirc hnhAgravemacrmacrnAcirc
]mtbmKnI]cnNbw IqSntb Xocp CtXmsSmcedilw CXc `mjbnse tZimacrnse kaqlmacrnse
kmlnXy IrXnIsf XmcXaywsNiquestmsup3 Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS sshhn[ysectAumliexclXnXoambn
temIsmacrhnsSbpw ASnOslashmtNmZIfnepw (Basic Instincts) ]ivsectfnepw apjyPohnXw
kamamsWpara XncnumldnhpminusmIepw ][mamWv
]_ekmlnXyhpw kwkvImchpw AcnIphevIcnuml ZenXv yq]pound
IemkmlnXysectfpsS kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmminuspsImminusv Ahsb
kmlnXyNcnXIrXnIfnepw `mjmkmlnXy]TtaJebnepw icnbmbn
ASbmfscedilSptmacrminusXpminusv A[nImc_OcircsectAumliexclIsmacr taAcircIogv _eXacutesectfpsS
]pAgravenAgraveWbmacrnv AXmhiyamWv
aXhpw aqparamwtemIhpw apXemfnmacrhpw BtKmfoIcWhpw BW[nImchpw krjvSnuml
kvXobhOslashIsf NcnX]cambpw ssksup2macutenIambpw ]TniexclpparaXneqsS amXta CXnsXncmb
Ielsectsfbpw aptparaaumlsectsfbpw DAumlsiexclmAringmmIq ]nXr
ta[mhnXzkmaqlnIhyhOslashnXniexclIsmacr kvXohnthNsectsf ]Xntcm[niexclmpw
aqeyhyhOslashsb ]pAgravenAgraveregbniexclmpw ]TnXmhnv ]m]vXnbpminusmiexclmpAring D]m[n
FparanebnAcirc kvXo]Tsectsf ImWWw hnhn[ ssewKnImhOslashIsfbpw
ssewKnIm`napJysectsfbpw klnjvWpXtbmsS ImWmpw AwKoIcniexclmpw ka`mhtbmsS
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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5
CS]gImpw hnthNsectAumliexclpw AoXnIAumliexclpsaXnsc AhtcmSv sFIyscedilSmpw
]TnXmhnpkm[niexclWw
tZicmjvSmacrnsacirc KXnhnKXnIsf nAgraveregbniexclppara iagraveamb LSIsapara nebnepw
s]mXpPt_m[smacr nAgravefrac12niexclppara iagravensbpara nebnepw hnhn[ Zriythornimhy
am[yasectfpsSbpw AumlSn am[yasectfpsSbpw NcnXsmacriexclpdnumlpw kzm[osmacriexclpdnumlpw
Aht_m[apminusmIWw ham[yasectfpsS _ZenSsectfnAcirc Hmtcmhyagraveniexclpw am[yaamhmsup3
Ignbpw FparaXnsacirc Bszlighnizmkw am[ya taJebnse AmtcmKy]hWXIsf
]Xntcm[niexclmpAring InbmszligI CSs]SepIfnteiexclv bniexclWw
DAringSiexcltImicrooIrX ]Tt_m[]hAgravemacrsectsf `mjmtijnIsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpw
hnZymAgravedegn tImicrooIrXhpw centmkvapdniexclImacrpw ]pdmacrpw Siexclppara sshhn[yamAgravepara
]Tmp`hsectsf epoundyamiexclpparaXpamb ]T ]hAgravemacrsectfnteiexclv hgnXncnumlp hntSminusXpminusv
_ncpZXemacrnse aqeynAgraveWb ]hAgravemacrhpw lrZnOslashamiexclensacirc tIheamb Adnhnsacircbpw
KlWmacrnsacircbpw XemacrnAcircnparav hniIew sNiquestpI kzacuteambn hymJymniexclpI
hnebncpmacrpI aqeynAgraveWbw sNiquestpI krjvSniexclpI FparansectsbpAring DbAgravepara
`mjmtijnbpsS nenAgraveregbmacrnteiexclv amtdminusXpminusv
hnZymAgravedegntiexclm A[ym]Itm ]Tt_m[]Inbtiexclm AX KpWIcaAtildemmacr
_mly]copoundsbpara enJnX]copoundbpsS ]cnanXnbnAcircnparapw _ncpZXemacrnse
aqeynAgraveregbsmacr hnZymAgravedegniexclpw A[ym]Ipw ]T]Inbiexclpw KpWIcamhppara
]Ttlaquosmacr Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ncacutechpw kaKhpamb hnebncpmacrenteiexclpw (Continues and
Comprehensive Evaluation) IqSn IqSpXAcirc hym]ncedilntiexclminusXpminusv aqeynAgraveWbsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv
Evaluation as learning
Evaluation for learning
Evaluation of learning
Fpara B[pnI ImgvNcedilmSns apiexclpw bmYmAgravedegyamtiexclminusXpminusv _mly
]copoundIAumlsImminusv hnebncpmacrmsup3 Ignbmmacr tijnIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw ]Tw SparapshparaXv
Ddcedilphcpmacrppara ]TsmacrfnhpIsf apsup3nAgravemacrnbpw Rubrics sacirc kmsup2yXIfpw aaumlpw
DAumlscedilSpmacrn hkvXpnjvTamiexclnbpw ]Tmacrnv amAgraveKnAgravetplusmniIamIppara hn[macrnAcirc
hnZymAgravedegnIAumliexclv ssImacrmsectpw (Scuffolding) aSiexcl[mcWbpw (Feed Back) Ddcedilphcpmacrppara
Ahkcsectfmbn CtacircWAcirc Akkvsaacircns BhnjvIcniexclWw
Cu kao]macrnAcirc nparapsImminusv `mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc hnimeepoundysectAuml
tSnsbSpiexclpparaXnpklmbIambn NphsSsiexclmSpmacrncniexclppara s]mXp Dtplusmniysectsf
BhnjvIcnumlncniexclpparap
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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6
`mjmkmlnXy]Tmacrnsacirc s]mXp DtplusmniysectAuml
I sshUacutemnIXew (Cognitive Domain)
1 `mjsbbpw kmlnXysmacrbpw Ipdnumlv Imew NcnXw tZiw ]hWXIAuml ]OslashmsectAuml
FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnepw Imhyknsup2macutesectfpsS shfnumlmacrnepw BgmacrnAcirc
[mcWtSpparaXnv
2 Adnhns _lpsshUacutemnI (Multi Disciplinary) ambpw AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI (Inter
Disciplinary) ambpw tmiexclniexclmWpparaXnpw kzmbmacramiexclpparaXnpw
3 hnUacutemmacrnsacirc kzmwioIcWw kwcpoundWw hnXcWw hnaAgraveiw hoIcWw Fparanh
^e]Zambn nAgravehlniexclpparaXnv
4 imkvXobmtzjWmacrnsacirc ]InbIAuml kzmwioIcniexclpparaXnpw KthjW
]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgravescedilSpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXykrjvSnIsf hniIew sNiquestpparaXnpw hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw
6 NpaumlpapAring hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
7 kzXacutehpw hnaAgraveimszligIhpamb Nnacutesb hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb hnhn[ `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc kqpoundvaambn
[mcW tSpparaXnpw ]mtbmKnI ]cnNbw tSpparaXnpw
9 aebmf `mj kmlnXyw kwkvImcw Fparanhsb hniIew sNiquestpparaXnv Bhiyamb
kwkvImcnI ]Tmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXhpw knsup2macutehpw kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSAcirc
10 aebmf`mjbviexclpw kmlnXymacrnpw ImeLlaquosectfneqsS kw`hnuml ]cnWmasectsf
kmwkvImcnI ]cnt]jymacrnAcirc aEcircnemiexclAcirc
11 kumicrocyimkvXknsup2macutesectsf kmamyambn ]cnNbscedilSpparaXnv
12 tIcfmacrnse Iemcq]sectsfbpw AhbpsS kmwkvImcnI]m[mysmacrbpw
XncnumldnbpparaXnv
13 aebmf`mjbpsS hymIcWnbasectAuml aEcircnemiexclpparaXnpw `mjm]tbmKsectfnAcirc Ah
]meniexclpparaXnpw
14 B[pnI `mjmimkvXmacrnsacirc kmamykbrvbarev]sectsf kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
15 aebmfkmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnsacirc NcnXhpw thdnlaquohgnIfpw hnaAgraveimszligIambn
hnebncpmacrpparaXnv
16 KZykmlnXymacrnsacirc hgnIfpw cq]sshhn[yhpw kw_Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpparaXnv
17 Zriy imhy AumlSn thorn am[yasectsf BibnumlpAring `mjmhyhlmcsectfnAcirc [mcW
tSpparaXnv
18 IeIfpsS cq]scedilSAcirc hnImkw FparanhbpsS NcnX]XybimkvX ]cnkcsectsfcedilaumln
[mcW hnIkncedilniexclAcirc
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7
19 kvXobhOslashIAuml kvXoaptparaaumlsectAuml NcnXLlaquosectAuml ssksup2macutenI ]cnkcw
enwK]Zhn ssewKnIm`napJyw ssewKnI yq]poundsectAuml Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcWtSpparaXnv
20 ZfnXv`mjmkmlnXy]mcfrac14cymacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnI ]m[myw DAumlsiexclmAringpparaXnv
21 hnhAgravemacrmacrnsacirc kmsup2yX ]kagraven kAgraveKmszligIX knsup2macutew Fparanh kw_Ocircnumlv
[mcW tSpparaXnv
II ss]pWnXew (Psycho-motor Domain)
1 tIlaquopw hmbnumlpw Ambmkw Bib[mcW tSpparaXnpw Hu]NmcnIhpw Au]NmcnIhpamb kmicroAgrave`sectfnAcirc `mj iagraveambn D]tbmKniexclpparaXnpw iagraveambpw ^e]Zambpw kAgraveKmszligIambpw `mj FgpXn ]ISncedilniexclmsup3 Ignbppara hn[macrnAcirc XXmb ssien hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnpw
2 kAgraveKmszligIcNIfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw cNIfnse kAgraveKmszligIX XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
3 hnhn[ t]mKmapIfpambn _Ocircscedillaquo ]TnXmiexclAumliexclv AhcpsS Uacutemsmacr
amXr`mjbpambn _OcircncedilniexclpparaXnpAring tijn tSpparaXnv
4 Ifrac14yqlaquonwKv sh_v UnssknwKv ]Xw traquomKv Fparanh amXr`mjbnAcirc
BhnjvIcniexclmpAring sshZKsup2yw tSpparaXnpw `mjmt]mjWmacrnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
5 DbAgravepara Nnacutem]Inbiexclv Ahkcw e`niexclpparaXneqsS A]KY DZvKY
hnebncpmacrAcirc ss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
6 tIcfmacrnsacirc kmwkvImcnIhyXncnagraveXIsf XncnumldnbpparaXnpw A`nejWobamb
coXnbnAcirc ]pAgravenAgravefrac12niexclpparaXnpapAring tijn ssIhcniexclpparaXnpw
7 emwtKzPv em_v t]mepAring B[pnI kmtbrvbarXnIhnZybpsS klmbmacrmAcirc
ssksup2macutenIhpw ]mtbmKnIhpamb `mjmss]pWnIAuml hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
8 CwyenojnAcircnparav aebmfmacrnteiexclpw aebmfmacrnAcircnparav Cwyenojnteiexclpw hnhAgravemacrw
sNiquestpparaXnpAring ]m]vXn tSpparaXnv
III sshImcnIXew (Affective Domain)
1 amXr`mjsbiexclpdnumlv A`namw sImAringpparaXnpw AXnpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw
2 aebmfnbpsS kwkvImctmacrSpw ss]XrItmacrmSpw BZchv _lpamw Fparanh
DminusmIpparaXnv
3 ]IrXnsb kvtlniexclmpw kwcpoundniexclmpw IgnbpparanStmacrmfw ]IrXntbmSnWsectn
PohniexclmpapAring Adnhpw ss]pWnbpw atm`mhhpw DminusmIpparaXnv
4 kmlnXy]TmacrneqsS `mjbpsSkumicrocymszligIhpw kmwkvImcnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb
XesectAuml BAgraveOumlniexclpparaXnv
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8
5 sImAringsImSpiexcleneqsS `mjsb kfrac14paraamiexclpparaXnpAring atm`mhhpw tijnbpw
hfcpparaXnv
6 kmlnXyImcmiddotmsc BZcniexclpparaXnpw kmlnXykrjvSnIAuml BkzZniexclpparaXnpapAring
atm`mhw hfcpparaXnv
7 `mjmhnthNsectAumlsiexclXnsc InbmszligIambn CSs]SpparaXnv
8 kzacutew `mjtbmSpw kwkvImctmacrmSpw UacutemhyhOslashtbmSpw DAring XmAcirc]cyw
kmlnXymkzmZw hgn hnIkncedilniexclpparaXnv
9 ]nXrtImicrooIrX BW[nImc Oslashm]nXaqeysectfnse hnthNw XncnumldnbpparaXnpw
Ahsb ]pAgravenAgraveWbniexclpparaXnpAring ]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc InbmszligIambn
CSs]SpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
10 ZfnXv yq]pound IemkmlnXy `mjm]mcfrac14cysectfpsS kwkvImcnI ]m[myw
Xncnumldnordfv Ahbviexclpthminusn nesImAringpparaXnpw AhtcmsSmcedilw
]hAgravemacrniexclpparaXnpapAring atm`mhw
11 am[yacwKsmacr AmtcmKy]hWXIAumlsiexclXnsc ne]msSSpiexclpparaXnpw
nesImAringpparaXnapAring atm`mhw
12 temIPXtbbpw kmlnXytmacrbpw hnhAgravemacr XmcXay ]TsectfneqsS
aEcircnemiexclpparaXneqsS hnizamhnIXbnteiexclpbAgraveparav Nnacuteniexclmpw ne]msSSpiexclmpw
IgnbAcirc
IV kmaqlnI Xew (Social Domain)
1 sshImcnIhpw kumicrocymszligIhpamb UacutemmAgravePmacrneqsS anIuml hyagravenPohnXhpw
kaqlPohnXhpw kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
2 Atilde amknImtcmKyhpw ImbnImtcmKyhpw tSn DparaX kmaqlyPohnXw
kmsup2yamiexclpparaXnv
3 XpeyX kmaqlyoXn kzmXacuteyw FparanhbpsS ASnOslashmmacrnAcirc Npaumlp]mSpapAring
hyhlmcsectsf hnaAgraveimszligIambn hnebncpmacrpparaXnpw amhnIamb ne]mSpIAuml
kzoIcnumlv iagraveambn CSs]SpparaXnpw
4 klIcWmszligI klhAgravemacrnX ]T]hAgravemacrsectfnAcirc GAgraves]SpparaXnpw
kmaqlnIKpWsectAuml BAgravePniexclpparaXnpw kzacutewhnImkmacrnpw aaumlpAringhcpsS
DbAgraveumlbviexclpw ImcWamIpparaXnpw
5 kmlnXymacrnpw kmwkvImcnI Dparaamacrnpw kmaqlnIoXniexclpw thminusnbpAring hnhn[ IqlaquombvaIAuml krjvSniexclpparaXnv ]sbrvbarSpiexclpparaXnv tXrXz]camb ]brvbarphlniexclpparaXnv
6 kAgraveKmszligIamb IgnhpIsf kmaqlntImparaamacrnv ]tbmPscedilSpmacrpparaXnv
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9
7 sshhn[ysectsf CAtildemXmiexclppara hnhn[ kmwkvImcnI A[nnthisectsf _lpXztmacrmSpw
]mtZinIXtbmSpw tNAgraveparapnparapsImminusv ]Xntcm[niexclpparaXnv
CHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM - 2019
1 Hcp ska-IgraveAgrave Fpara-Xp-sImminusv AAgravedeg-am-iexclp-paraXv ]copound DAumlscedilsS 18 BgvN Ime-]-cn-[n-bm-Wv
CXnAcirc 16 BgvN A-[y-b--Im-ehpw cminusmgvN ]co-poundm-Im-e-hp-am-Wv
2 5 Xc-macrn-epAring tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cu t]mKm-an-ep-Aring-Xv
A tImanot tImgvkv B tImAgrave tImgvkv C tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv D Hmcedilnot tImgvkv E
HmUnaumlv tImgvkv
3 FAtildem tImgvkp-IAumliexclpwIqSn 140 sIUn-aumlm-Wp-Aring-Xv CXnAcirc 120 sIUnaumlv centmEcircv dqw ]hAgravemacrsect-fpsS `mK-ambpAringXpw 16 sIUnaumlv Hcp ska-Igrave-dnv mev Fpara tXmXnAcirc BZy
mep ska-Igrave-dp-IAumliexclpAring HmUnaumlv tImgvkn-p-Aring-Xp-am-Wv _miexcln-bpAring mev sIUnaumlv Fsup3 kn- kn Fsup3 Fkv Fkv Fkv Fkv ]n kzNtilde-`m-cXv XpS-sectn-bhbnAcirc Hparan-eqsS e`n-iexclppara FIvkvSm sIUn-aumlp-am-Wv
4 5 6 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-embn 2 sIUn-aumlpAring s]mPIvSvhAgraveiexclv AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw (Xn-b-dn- tIm-gvkv) Dminusm-bn-cn-iexclp-para-Xm-Wv s]mPIvSnsacirc `mKambn 30 ]pd-macrn-Acirc Ipd-bmmacr
]_Ocircw 15-thorn30 anpaumlv ssZAgraveLy-apAring tUmIyp-saacircdnlkz-NnXw (]-c-am-h[n 5 AwK-sectAuml)
Asup2ym-]-I-cpsS taAcirctm-laquo-macrnAcirc sXc-sordf-Sp-iexcl-scedillaquo ]tZi-tmacriexclv S-macrnb bmX-bpsS ]T--dntcedilmAgravelaquov (Ip-d-ordfXv 30 t]Pv) kAgraveKm-szligIcN (IYIhnXtmhAcircmSIw thorn Ipd-ordfXv 25 ]pdw) Fparanh Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv 2 aWn-iexclqAgrave hoXw CXn-p-thminusn oiexcln-sh-umln-----laquop-minusv-
6thornmasmacr ska-Igrave-dn-emWv ]hAgravemacrw ]qAgravemacrn-bmiexcln kaAgravecediln-tiexcl--minusXv5 aqey-nAgravereg-b-macrnsacirc 80 Fgpmacrp ]co-poundbpw 20 Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircpw Bbn-cn-iexclpw Ctacirc-WAcirc AEcirc-kvsaacircnsacirc 40 sSIgravev t]cedil-dnpw 20 hoXw Assksup3saacircvsse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv skan-mAgrave Aaumlacircsup3kv Fparan-h-bviexclp-am-Wv Cu hAgravejw ]pXp-Xmbn DAumlscedil-Sp-macrn-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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10
b-ncn-iexclppara sse_dn dntiexclmAgraveUv nc-acutec hne-bn-cp-macr-ensacirc `mK-amb Assksup3saacircv BbmWv
nAgraveAEliglntiexclminus-Xv tImanot tImgvknpw lsquosse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv rsquo Fparav kne-_-knAcirc
nAgravetZ-in-umln-laquon-Atildemmacr tImgvkp-IAumliexclpw Assksup3saacircv ne-n-eviexclpw DAring-Siexclw auen-I-amb
nco-pound-Ww Bi-b-[m-cW Fparao kqN-I-sectAumlshumlv sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv hne-bn-cp-tmacr-minus-
Xm-Wv
6 ]co-pound-bnAcirc 3 Xcw tNmZy-sect-Auml D- m-Ipw
(a) Short answer (b) Short Essay (c) Long Essay
skan-m-dn-sacircbpw Assk-gesaacircn-tacircbpw hnjbw kne-_-knsacirc ]T--]qAgravemacro-I-c-W-macrnv DX-
Ip-para-Xm-I-Ww
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(COMPLEMENTARY)
tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IAuml BZysmacr 4 ska-Igrave-dp-I-fn-em-Wv DAumlsiexclmAringn-umln-laquop-Aring-Xv Hmtcm ska-Igrave-dn-epw 4 sIUn-aumlv hoXw DAring Hcp tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv Dminusmbncniexclp-para-Xm-Wv
BA aebmfmacrnv cminusv tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkp-IfmWp-Aring-Xv
1 tIcf ]Tw
2 JournalismSanskrit
Type 1 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 14 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw Type 2 tImwsup1n-saacircdn tImgvkv 23 ska-Igrave-dpIfnepw BWv ]Tncedilniexclp-para-X v ssScedilv Htparam ssScedilv ctminusm sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv
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11
Se
m
Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
Week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
12 MAL1(2)C01
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
34 MAL4(3)C02
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
6 4 230 20 80 4
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(CORE COURSE)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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12
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4
MAL4B05
MAL4B06
]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
MAL5B09
MAL5B10
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw Project work
Kth-j-W-co-Xn-imkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
230
230
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B12
MAL6B13
MAL6B14
MAL6B15
MAL6B16
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
KZy-km-lnXyw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
Project work
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
4
4
2
230
230
230
230
2
20 80 18
6
Elective
MAL6B17
MAL6B18
MAL6B19
kvXo]-T--sectAuml
am[y-a-]-Tw
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw
3 3 2 20 80 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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13
Open Course
Sem Code No
Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks Total
Credit Int Ext
5
MAL5D01
MAL5D02
MAL5D03
Ne-umln-X-]-Tw
kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
kvXo ]T--sectAuml
3 3 2 20 80 3
CHRIST COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) IRINJALAKUDACHOICE BASED CREDIT amp SEMESTER SYSTEM -2019
BA MALAYALAM DEGREE PROGRAMME
(Double Core)
Sem Code No Course Title
Insti
Hrs
week
Credit Exam
Hrs
Marks
Total
Credit Int Ext
1 MAL1B01 thm-degm ae-bmf IhnX 6 5 230 20 80 5
2 MAL2B02 IYm-km-lnXyw 6 5 230 20 80 5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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14
3
MAL3B03
MAL3B04
ho ae-bmf IhnX
Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
5
4
4
4
230
230
20 80 8
4 MAL4B05 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX 5 4 230 20 80 8
5
MAL5B07
MAL5B08
ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230
20 80 16
6
MAL6B11
MAL6B13
`mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]uckvXy knsup2m- -sectAuml
5
5
4
4
230
230 20 80 16
kqNU_nAuml tImAgrave hnjbsectfnAcirc GsXbrvbarnepw HparanAcirc s]mPIvaumlv- sNiquestmhpparaXmWv B hnjbmacrnsacirc tImUv AXnp AcirctIminusXmWv aebmfmacrnAcirc s]mPIvaumlv sNiquestpparahcpsS
tImUv MAL6B15 Bbncniexclpw
MAL1(2)C01 ska-IgraveAgrave 12
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn ]qAgraveAElig-Imew a[yImew
Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
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15
1 kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-]-T--macrnsacirc km[y-X-Ifpw Adnhp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-scedil-Spmacrn tIc-fobkaq-l-macrnsacirc cq]o-I-cWw ]cn-Wmaw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv ASnOslashm [mc-W-IAuml cq]-s -Sp-macrp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bmsup3 Ah-k-c-sam-cp-iexclpI3 ]uc-t_m-[hpw am-hn-I-Xbpw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrmsup3 klm-b-I-am-hpI4 kmaq-lnI amauml-macrnv DX-Ippara hn[-macrn-epAring hnaAgravei-m-szligI Nnacute hfAgravemacrn-sb-Sp-iexclmsup3]m]vX-cm-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw thorn nAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ Imgvuml-cedilm-Sp-IAumlthorn Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring _Ocircwthorn tIc-f-N-cnX cNm ]cn-i-a-sectAumlthorn km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpwthorn tIc-tfm-ev]-macrn-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo IY-I-fpsS hne-bn-cp-macrAcircthorn tIc-f-kw-kvIm-c-]-T--macrnv klm-b-I-amb D]m-Zm--sectAuml
tIcfw `qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn BZn-a-n-hm-kn-IAumlthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn alm-inem kwkvIm-cwthorn BZy-Ime hntZ-i-_-Ocirc-sectAumlthorn hntZi _Ocirc-sectAuml sImminusp-minusmb kmwkvIm-cnI tlaquow
samUyqAuml 2
kwL-Im-esmacr tIc-fwthorn KW-macrn-sacircbpw sXmgn-en-sacircbpw ASn-Oslashm--macrn-epAring kmaqly hn`-P-wthorn kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-Xwthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xwthorn BNm-cm-p-jvTm--sectAumlthorn `mjthorn kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-IAumlthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS kw`m-h--IAuml
ImAgravejnIhXvI-c-Whpw Bcym-K-a-hpw thorn kmfrac14- n-I kmaq-ln-I kmwkvIm-cn-I cwK-sect-fnAcirc kw -hnuml amaumlwthorn _mOgraveW Kma-sect-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn tpoundX-kw-kvIm-c-macrnsacirc Bcw-`wthorn s]cp-amAuml hmgvNthorn `c-W-cwKw
samUyqAuml 3
hnhn[ aX-sectAumlthorn PqX-a-Xw CEacutemw aXw InkvXp-a-Xwthorn ioi-brvbar-cpw AssZz-X-hpwthorn _psup2 ssP aX-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn _mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xywthorn PmXn-hy-h-Oslashthorn DUcirc-hw PmXnbpw sXmgn-epw PmXnbpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw
]pXnb kmaq-lnI hn`m-K-sect-fpsS cq]-scedil-SAcircthorn Pmiddotn-macrw Ducm-fAgrave Imcm-fAgrave ASn-bm-fAgravethorn Iuml-hS kwL-sectAumlthorn apparaq-auml-hAgrave Adp-q-aumlq-hAgravethorn Asectm-Sn-IAumlthorn Iuml-sectAumlthorn Zmb-I-awthorn acp-a-iexcl-macrm-bwthorn mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw kzcq-]-sectfpwthorn thWm-Sv sImumln tImgn-tiexclm-Sv tIme-macrp-m-Sv Ad-bviexclAcirc cmP-hw-i-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 4
tpoundX tImicronX kwkvIm-cwthorn hnZym-e-b-sectAuml thZ-]Tim-e-IAuml ]laquo-macrm-w IS-h-AtildeqAgrave Atym-yw tZh-Zm-kn-IAuml Iqmacrv IqSn-bm-laquow Ap-jvTm--I-e-IAumlthorn sXiquestw apSn-tb-aumlv ]S-b-Wnthorn `mj-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]mlaquopw aWn-]-hm-f-hpwthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquov sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn hnUacutem cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveuml thorn KWnXw tPymXn-im-kvXw hmkvXp-hn-Zythorn teml hyh-km-bw BbpAgravethZw
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16
_mOgrave-Wm-[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc cqpound-^-e-sectAumlthorn Abn-macrw aregm-tcedil-Sn]pe-t -Sn inpoundm-co-Xn-IAuml kvamAgravemacr hnNm-cw If-cn Abrvbarw s]mbvmacrv amam-brvbarwthorn DOtilde-hm-tL-m-j-sectAuml HmWw Xncp-hm-Xn-c ]qcw the
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn Fw-Pn Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 2 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 3 _psup2-a-Xhpw tIc-fhpw thorn Fkv-ibrvbarp AiquestAgrave 4 kmln-Xyhpw Ncn-Xhpw [mc-W-bpsS km[yXIAuml thorn tIi-hsup3 shfp-macrmlaquov5 kwL-Ime `cW kwhn-[mw thorn kp_-Ograve-Wysup3-Fsup3 6 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 7 tIc-tfm-ev]-macrnbpw aaumlpw thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dn-b(FUn) 8 tIcfw BZy-q-aumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ]pc-macrqAgrave io[-csup3 9 Nne tIcf NcnX ]iv-sectAuml thorn CfwIpfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 10 tIc-f-macrnse Ccp-f-Sordf GSp-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 11 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcp BapJw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n 12 kwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e-- nv Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 13 ]pd-m-qdv Hcp ]Tw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 14 ssP-aXw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 15 PmXn-hy-h-Oslashn-Xnbpw tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 16 a[y-Ime tIcfw kfrac14-macrv kaq-lw kwkvImcw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 17 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw NcnX ZrjvSn-bnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 18 PmXn-hy-hOslash thorn cmwa-tm-lAgrave temly
(hnh hntmZv ]iquestS) 19 Pmiddotn-k-frac14-Zmbw tIc-f-macrnAcirc thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 PmXn-hy-hOslashm ]T--sectAuml thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 (FUn) 21 Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw thorn Afrac12m-hsup3 Xfrac14p-cmsup3 22 If-cn-cedil-baumlv tIc-f-macrnsacirc iagravenbpw kumicro-cyhpw thornkmwkvIm-cnI]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIpcedilv 23 BbpAgraveth-Z-macrnsacirc tIc-fob Ap-jvTm ]mc-frac14cyw thornsshZy-aTw sNdnb mcm-b-Wsup3frac14q-Xncn
24 tIc-fob NnInOtildem NcnXw thorn hn-b-N-microsup3 ]n 25 tIc-f-macrnsacirc _psup2-aX ]mc-frac14cyw mlaquo-dn-hp-I-fn-eqsS thorn APp m-cm-b-Wsup326 amambrvbarw tcJ-IAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 27 thWm-Snsacirc ]cn-Wmaw thorn inh-i-brvbar-csup3 mbAgrave sI 28 tIc-f-macrnse KWnX ]mc-frac14cyw thorn Fsup3-Fsup3 aqkXv 29 tIc-f-macrnse Dumacrm-e-IAuml thorn hnFumlv ZncmAgrave
MAL4(3) C02
ska-IgraveAgrave 34
tImwsup1n-sa-sacircdn tImgvkv
tIcf ]Tw thorn A[n-n-thiImew B[p-nIImew
samUyqAuml 1 ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
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17
sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]mYacutemXy A[n-n-th-iwthorn t]mAgraveumlp-Ko-kp-ImAgravethorn B[n-]-Xy-hpw XIAgraveuml-bpwthorn Xplv -macrpAcirc apPm-ln-Zosup3thorn ssiJv sskp-sup2osup3 aJvZqwthorn kmaq-Xn-cnthorn Ipordfmen ac-iexclmAgrave-thorn-U-umlp-Im-cpsS B[n-]-Xy-i-awthorn XIAgraveumlthorn amAgravemacrm-WvU-hAgravefrac12bpw Xncp-hnXmwIpdqwthorn ^copyv A[n-n-th-iw
ssakqAgrave BI-a-Wwthorn sslZ-cm-en-thorn- Sn- p-thorn- Sn- p-hnsacirc kmaqly]cn-jvI-c-W-i-a-sectAumlthorn ssakqAgrave B[n-]-Xy-macrnsacirc ^e-sectAumlthorn _nlaquoojv A[n-nth-ihpw sNdpmacrp nev]p-I-fpwthorn mlaquop-cm-Py-sect-fpsS XIAgraveumlthorn Iem-]-sectAumlthorn ]g-Egraven-cm-Pthorn ]men-b- -sup3thorn thep-Xfrac14n Zfh
samUyqAumlAuml2Auml
kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-sect-fn-ep-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZ-mkvthorn Iqsup3 Ipcnip kXywthorn A[n-n-thi ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn n-]-Oslashm-wthorn Fgp- -sacirc kw`m-h-thorn ]qacutem-wthorn Ad_n ae-bm-fwthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn samln-bp-sup2osup3 amethorn Ipordfm-bnsup3 apk-veymAgravethorn frac14ymcpw XpAringAcirc ]Oslashm--hpwthorn IY-I-fnthorn Nhnlaquop mS-Iwthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-_-Ocirc-sectfpw sshm-nI ho-I-c-W-sect-fpwthorn tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv
PmXn hncp-sup2-Xbpw anj-dn ]hAgravemacr--sectfpwthorn aX-]-cn-hAgrave -wthorn NmparamAgrave el-fthorn Cwyenojv hnZym-`ym-kwthorn Auml-Snthorn KZy-hn-Im-kwthorn ]X-am-kn-I-IAumlthorn nL-minuspthorn hnhAgravemacr IrXn-IAumlthorn ]pXnb kmlnXy Pp-Ecircp-I-fpsS BhnAgrave`m-hwthorn `mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wwthorn `mjm t]mjn-Wnk`thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquovthorn tPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3thorn tIcf hAgravefrac12thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12thorn ]uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-wthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse thmXvYm ia-sectAuml
samUyqAumlAuml3Auml
tIc-fob thmXvYmw-thorn kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn Aiquestm sshIpWvTsup3 _mmicro inh-tbm-Kn Nlaquofrac14n kzman-IAuml iom-cm-b-W-Kp-cpthorn Fkv-Fsup3-Un-]nthorn Aiquest-brvbarm-fnthorn
km[p-P ]cn-]m-e kwLwthorn ktlmZcgeAoslashprodge- s]mbvI-bnAcirc IpamcKpcpthorn ]Xypound cpoundm k`thorn apara v ]szlig-m-`sup3thorn Fsup3-F-kv-F-kvthorn ]mfrac14mSn tPmnot tPmk-^vthorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilm-Svthorn hmKv -Sm--microsup3thorn an XsectAuml hiexclw auehn
Pmiddotn-hn-cpsup2 kmam-Py-hn-cpsup2 aptpara-auml-sectAumlthorn ae-bm-fn satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc Cugh satfrac12m-dn-bAcirc knhnAcirc nba ewL-w ae-_mAgrave Iem-]w Dmacr-c-hmZ `cW ]tpoundm-`-wthorn nhAgravemacr ]tpoundm-`wthorn Iznaumlv Cacuteym ]tpoundm-`wthorn sshiexclw Kpcp-hm-bqAgrave ]menbw kXym-K-lsectAuml tpoundX-]-th-i hnfw-_-cwthorn ]ppara] hb-emAgrave-I-iquestqAgrave Icn-sh-AringqAgrave ka-c-sectAuml-thorn-tZ-iob ]Oslashm-w-thorn-IAgravejI ]Oslashm-wthorn sXmgn-emfn ]Oslashm-w-thorn-I-ayq-Wnv ]Oslashmw
samUyqAumlAuml4Auml
kzmX-acutem--acutectIc-fwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn kwOslashm cq]o-I-c-Wwthorn 1957 se Hparamw aacuten-k-`thorn IAgravej-I-_-Ocirc-_nAtildepw hnZym-`ym-k-_n-Atildepwthorn hntam-N ka-cwthorn ]copy-h-c ]sup2-Xn-IAumlthorn Xoh CS-Xp-]pound ]Oslashm-wthorn kmpound-cXm ]hAgrave -w ]cn-OslashnXn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn kvXo imo-I-c-Ww-thorn -Z-en-Xv BZn-hmkn aptpara-aumlwthorn kAgraveAEligokv taJ-e-bpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]hm-khpw tIcf hnI-k--hpwthorn cmjvSob Ncn-Xw
]pXnb Nnacute-IAuml kao-]--sectAuml-thorn-Iem kmln-Xy-cw-K-macrp-minusmb amaumlw-thorn-]p-tcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn KUgrave- imem ]Oslashm-wthorn Iem-a-WvU-ew-thorn-hn-hn[ Aiexclm-Z-an-IAumlthorn kwkvIm-cnI Oslashm]--sectAumlthorn mS-Iw knna XpS-sectnb Zriy-am-[ya cwK-macrp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn Ne- n--X- Km--sectAumlthorn hnZym-`ymk cwK-macrp-minusmb amauml-sectAumlthorn tdUntbm sSen-hn-jsup3thorn h am[y-a-sectfpw kwkvImc kzcq-]-hpwthornh kmaqly ]Oslashm--sectAuml
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18
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring ]pkvX-I-sectAuml (5 Fregw)
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnse tIcfw thorn ]n `mkvI-c-pregn 2 ae-_mAgrave amzAcirc thorn hneyw temKsup3 3 DZbw t]cqAgrave kppara-l-tZm-knsacirc Itm--IAuml thorn kviexcldnb kiexcl-dnb 4 kmaq-Xncn Ncn-X-macrnse ImWm-cedilp-d-sectAuml thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 5 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-bWcedilWn-iexclAgrave 6 tIcf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp-cedilAringn cmL-hsup3 7 mbAgrave ta[m-hn-Xz-macrnsacirc ]Xw thorn tdm_nsup3 sPm^n 8 Auml-Snbpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 9 tIc-f-macrnse kmaq-ly-]-cn-hAgravemacrw thorn kmap-hAcirc sAtilden-ap-IAuml 10 tIcfw ]Xn-copypw ]Xn-mdpw qaumlm-minusp-I-fnAcirc thorn ssiJv sskp-plusmnosup3
(hnh them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn) 11 tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclkv thorn tUm aWn-emAcirc 12 ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw thorn ]n-sP tXmakv 13 hmWnPy tIcfw thorn Fw KwKm-[-csup3 14 Aordfqdv hAgravejsmacr tIcfw Nne Adn-h-S-bm-f-sectAuml thorn hnsP hAgraveKo-kv(FUn)15 ]gEgraven ka-c-sectAuml thorn sIsI Fsup3-Ip-dpcedilv 16 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den(FUn) 17 Ncn-Xhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn SnSn ioIp-amAgrave 18 ZenXv ]TwkzXzw kwkvIm-cw kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav 19 ae-_mAgrave Iem]w ]`p-Xz- npwcmPy-Xz-macrn-p-sa-Xnsc thorn sI-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
20 tIc-f-macrnsacirc tZiob ]Oslashmw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 21 Aiquest-brvbarmfn S-macrnb kzmXacutey ka-c-sectAuml thorn Sn-]n-Fumlv sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 22 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp Hcp ka-K-]-Tw thorn hnP-bm-ebw Pb-Ip-amAgrave 23 s]mbvI-bnAcirc io Ipam-c-KpcpPohn-Xhpw ZAgravei-hpw thorn tPmk^v ]nkn24 hmKv`-Sm--micro-Kp-cphpw kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw thorn Fw-Fkv mbAgrave 25 ktlm-Z-csup3 Fpara hnsup1-h-Imcn thorn ]tim-`sup3 sI (FUn) 26 ae-bm-fn-bpsS tZi-Im-e-sectAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 27 tIc-f--thm-XvYmw Hcp amAgraveInIgravev hopoundWw thorn ]n tKmhn-micro-cedilnAring 28 iom-cm-b-W-Kpcp ]pAgrave hmb--IAuml thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-iexclpparav(FUn) 29 Aiquest-brvbarmfn apXAcirc hnSn hsc thorn them-bp-[sup3 ]Wn-iexcl-tEgravecn 30 ]WvUnaumlv Idp-cedilsup3 HmAgravefrac12-I-fn-eqsS thorn them-bp-[sup3 sIsI
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-N-cnXw Vol- 12 -- thorn tIcf lnIgravedn Atkm-kn-tb-jsup32 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr IrXn-IAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 3 tIcf Ncn-Xw tIcf kwkvImcw thorn F io[-c-ta-tmsup3 4 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave cmPsup3 Kpcp-iexclAuml 5 tIc-f-N-cnXw thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 6 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-cnI NcnXw thorn ]nsI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 7 NcnXw hyh-lmcwtIc-fhpw `mc-Xhpw thorn Fw-Pn-Fkv mcm-b-Wsup3 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-se-IAuml thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 9 tIcfw Cparav msf thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv
10 tIcf NcnX nLminusp Vol- 12 thorn FkvsI hk-acutesup3 11 tIcf NcnX hnNmcw thorn knsI Icow 12 frac12psS kmlnXyw frac12psS kaqlw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3(FUn) 13 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw thorn Fkv-A-umlpX-hm-cyAgrave 14 tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`qan thorn C-Fw-Fkv
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19
15 tIcf ]Tw thorn tIcf imkvX kmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv 16 tIcfw aregpw ap-jypw thorn tXmakv sFkiexclv 17 tIc-f-kw-kvImcw AIhpw ]pdhpw thorn Fsup3Fw frac14q-Xncn 18 kmaq-lnI thm-XvYm-hpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn tUm Fsup3 kmw 19 tIc-fo-bX Ncn-X-am--sectAuml thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 20 tIcfw kwkvIm-chpw Ncn-Xhpw thorn SnsI KwKm-[-csup3 21 tIcf Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm ine-IAuml thorn ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 22 tIcf kwkvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn ]middot cma-N-microsup3(FUn) 23 kwkvIm-c-]-TwNcnXw knsup2macutew ]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf ]T kwLw 24 tIc-f-N-cnXw kXyhpw anYybpw thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 25 tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnse Ah-K-Wn-iexcl-scedillaquo GSp-IAuml thorn Sn-F-umlv]n sNacutem-c-tEgravecn 26 GI-Po-hn-Xm--iz-c-Kmw Ne-Nn-X-Km kwkvImc ]Tw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
27 tIc-f-macr-na thorn BAgrave tKm]n-m-Ysup3 28 tIc-f-N-cn-Xhpw kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw thorn sI sI sImumlv 29 Perspectives on Kerala History
The second millennium - PJ Cherian (Ed)
30 Brahmin Settlement in Kerala - Kesavan Veluthatt
31 Caste Class and Agrarian Relation in Kerala - Abraham Vijayan
MAL1B01
ska-IgraveAgrave 1 tImAgrave tImgvkv 1
thm-degm ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn5 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
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20
1 ]smacrm-frac14Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Cacutey-bnAcirc thtcmSnmacrpS-sectnb sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-X-bpsS ]Yacutem- -e-macrnAcirc ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpsS thm-XvYm-hpw hnIm-khpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-W-macrnv nan-macr-amb Bi-bm-h-en-IAuml Ihn-X-bpsS aWvU-esmacr Fsects kzm[o-n-umlp-shparav Isminus-macrpI
3 Imhy-ZAgravei--macrnepw Bhn-jvI-c-W-macrnepw ]I-S-amb amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-macrpI
4 Ciexclm-esmacr Ihn-X-I-fnAcirc ]Xy-pound-amb ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw ]Oslashm--sect-sfbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
5 Cu Ime-L-laquo-macrnse hyXykvX Ihn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw Ah-cpsS cN-m-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw [mcW tSpI
6 hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc ]pXnb amAgravecurren-sect-fn-eqsS Ihn-X-Isf hne-bn-cp-macrmsup3 ]m]vXn tSpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
]mc-frac14-cyhpw B[p-n-I-Xbpwthorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-kw-`m-h--IAumlthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn shtimes-Wn-iexclhn-IAumlthorn sImSp-sect-AtildeqAgraveiexcl-f-cn-thorn-]-uml-a-e-bmf ]Oslashm-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 abq-c-k-tmicro-iw(BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmIw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 2 ae-b-hn-emkw thorn G-BAgrave 3 tIma-cedilsup3 thorn IpminusqAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 2
sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn thm-XvYmwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Imev]-n-I-Xthorn hnem-]-Im-hywthorn JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAumlthorn `mh-Ko-X-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n (1-thorn50) thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 2 Hcp hnem]w thorn hnkn _me-Ir-jvW-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 3 eoe (Hparamw kAgravecurrenw) thorn Bimsup3 4 Kmao-W-I-yI thorn Ipaumln-cedilp-dmacrp tIi-hsup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 3
knwt_m-fn-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn Imev]-n-Ihpw Imev]-ntI-X-c-hp-amb hgn-IAumlthorn bpagraven-t_m-[wthorn kzXzt_m[wthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravecedil-iexclmSv thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn 2 nanjw thorn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv
3 kv]microndegppartAyumlnamSw --- Nszligordmpg 4 ]pAringp-h-scedilnotsImSn thorn ]n Ipordfn-cm-asup3 mbAgrave
samUyqAumlthorn 4
Imev]-n-I-X-bp-sSbpw dnb-en-k-macrn-sacircbpw XpSAgraveuml-IAumlthorn B[p-n-I-Xthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn h-tem-Ihpw aqey-k-brvbar-ev]-sectfpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
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21
1 B^niexcl thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 2 Ccp-]Xmw qaumlm-minusnsacirc CXn-lmkw (cIw Fpara JTHORNw) thorn Aiexclnmacrw
3 tImlaquo-bnse ]mlaquov thorn ]p-eqAgrave _mesup3 4 tNmdqWv thorn H-Fsup3hn
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-Spiexclmw
1 ]Wn-ap-Siexclw thorn CS-tEgravecn 2 KtP-micro-tampoundw thorn kpK-X-Ip-amcn 3 kAgraveK-kw-KoXw thorn hb-emAgrave 4 tsect-a-iexclplaquon thorn Hf-cedil-areg 5 Ihn thorn shregn-iexclpfw 6 DjEcircv thorn Fw-Fsup3 ]meqcv 7 t]c-iexcln-Smhv thorn bqkp-^en tItumlcn 8 hnS-hm-sectAcirc thorn Sn Dss_Zv 9 IAgravefrac12-ho-csup3 thorn ]Aringmacrpcmasup3 10 FX bmZr-NtildenIw thorn Pn Ipam-c-cedilnAring
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw thorn Fw eoem-hXn 2 hAgravereg-cmPn thorn Fw- eo-em-hXn 3 Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw thorn Fw ANypXsup3 4 h-am-enI thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 B[p-nI kmlnXyw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 6 AOslashn-bpsS ]qiexclAuml Nsect-frac14pg Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3m-bAgrave 7 Bimsup3 IhnX Hcp ]Tw thorn apminus-tEgravecn 8 Bimpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 9 shtimes-Wn-]-Oslashmw thorn AI-hqAgrave mcm-b-Wsup3 10 ae-bm-f-macrnse JTHORN-Im-hy-sectAuml Hcp ]Tw thorn Fw]n ]Wn-iexclAgrave 11 Bimsup3 IhnXthorn B[p-n-Im--acutec]mT-sectAuml thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 12 Imev]-n-IX Fpara kzmXacutey kacw thorn _m_p-tPm-k^v 13 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 14 hnem-]hpw Iem-]hpw Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fsup3 cmPsup3 15 thm-degm--acutec IhnX thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 16 sshtem-cedilnAringn IhnXm kaopound thorn Fkv cmP-ti-J-csup3 17 Ihn-Xm-[zn thorn Fw eoem-hXn 18 ImhyhypXv]macrn thorn Fw]n ibrvbarp-regn-m-bAgrave 19 Nsect-frac14p-g-iexcl-hn-X-bnse Imev]-n-IX thorn CsI ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3 20 Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn sshtem-cedilnAringn
MAL2B02
ska-IgraveAgrave 2 tImAgrave tImgvkv 2 IYm-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn96 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn5
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
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22
1 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-N-cn-X- nse hyXy-kvX-Im-e-L-laquo-sect-sfbpw ]h-W-X-I-sfbpw Fgp-macrp-Im-scbpw Ipdnumlv [mcW tSpI
2 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 3 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI hni-I-e--macrn-eqsS Bkzm-Z--ti-jnbpw Xmev]-cyhpw kAgraveKm-szlig-I-ti-jnbpw hnI-kn-cediln-iexclpI
4 ap-jym-p-`-hm-Jym--macrnsacirc kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-kq-N-I-sapara ne-bnAcirc sNdp-I-Y-bviexclpAring cmatildevSo-b-]m-[m-yhpw ka-Im-enI ]k-agravenbpw DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
5 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS BJym--im-kvX-smacrbpw kumicrocy imkvX-smacrbpw ]tab `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wm-a-smacrbpw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS DZv`-hwthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn Auml-Snthorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fpsS hfAgraveumlthorn ]cn-`m-j-IAumlthorn BZy-Ime sNdp-I-Y-IAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn tIc-fobthm-XvYm-wthorn kmaqly cmatildeob KXn-hn-K-Xn-IAumlthorn tIk-cn-bpsS tXr-Xzwthorn dnb-enkw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Zzmc-I thornth-sect-bnAcirc Ipordfn-cm-asup3m-bAgrave 2 shfp-macr-Ipordfv thorn XIgn 3 Pmiddot-Znw thorn _joAgrave 4 tNme-a-c-sectAuml thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12
samUyqAuml 2
B[p-n-I-Xthorn aqey-t_m-[wthorn kmaq-ly-t_m-[wthorn hyagraven-k-brvbarAcirc]w Fparan-h-bnse amauml-sectAumlthorn `mj-bnepw `mhp-I-Xz-macrnepw hpara ]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Xcn-ip-new thorn am[-hn-iexclplaquon 2 aJsup3kn-sectnsacirc acWw thorn Sn ]szlig-m- sup3 3 s]cp-a-g-bpsS ]ntaumlparav thorn FwSn 4 cm[-bpsS Imacrv thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw
samUyqAuml 3
AXy-acutem-[p-n-I-Xthorn CXn-hr-macr-macrnepw IYm-]m-X-k-brvbar-ev]-macrnepw hpara amaumlwthorn AkvXnXzZpxJwthorn cmatildeo-b-t_m-[y-sectAumlthorn BJym--macrnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml-thorn- I-dp-macr-lmkyw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]`mXw apXAcirc ]`mXw hsc thorn Fw-ap-Ip-microsup3 2 ae-ap-I-fnse A_vZpAring thorn ]p-macrnAcirc Ipordf-_vZpAring 3 tXsup3 thorn kiexcl-dnb 4 kvtl-macrnsacirc imsup2w thorn Hhn- hn-P-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
IY-bnse B[p-n-Im--acutec kmln-Xy- kao-]--sectAumlthorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[n-n-th-iwthorn BJym--macrnse ]pXp-a-IAumlthorn Zfn-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI Ah-t_m-[-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 nemhv Adn-bpparap thorn kmdm tPmk^v 2 t]X-`m-jWw thorn kn Aiquest-cedilsup3
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23
3 Cdumln thorn Snhn sImumlp-_mh 4 tamZ-Oslashn-X-mbsectp hkncedilq ae-t]mse thorn Fkv lcojv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg ]d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Acopyv ]pkvXIw sXsc-sordf-SpiexclpI
1 ]acuten-t`m-Pw thorn ktacutemjv Fumln-iexclmw 2 aqparav hnc-ep-IAuml thorn C ktacutemjv IpamAgrave 3 ]uml-bpsS BAcirc_w thorn [ym-cmPv 4 Nmap-minusn-iexclpgn thorn ]n hOtildee 5 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v6 DSAcirc Hcp Nqgv ne thorn taXnAcirc cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 7 Dfrac14Agravetlaquom Ftiexclm thorn _n apcfn 8 ]cn-OslashnXn ZAgravei--macrnsacirc ]qAgraveAElig-apJw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 sNdp-IY hmiexclpw hgnbpw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 2 IY-bpsS `mhp-I-Xz-]-cn-Wmaw thorn sI Fkv chn-Ip-amAgrave 3 kvXo kzXzw kaqlw thorn (FUn) C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 4 B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn ]n ]n cho-microsup3 5 ae-bm-f-macrnse IYm-Im-cn-IAuml thorn iotZhn sI mbAgrave 6 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipauml kfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 7 IY tXSppara IY thorn Fsup3 ]`m-I-csup3 8 kvXohmZw thorn sP tZhnI 9 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 10 sNdp-I-Y-bpsS OmicroEcircv thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 11 lcn-X-n-cq-]Ww ae-bm-f- nAcirc thorn (FUn) Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn-a-[p-kq-Z-sup3 13 Apound-chpw B[p-n-I-Xbpw thorn C hn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 14 IYm- -c-sectAuml thorn ]n sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 15 ka-Im-enI ae-bmf sNdp-IY
hgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn (FUn) ]n ]n amAgravetiexclmkv 16 sNdp-IY Cparase Cparav thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 17 ae-bmf sNdp-I-Ym-km-lnXyw thorn FwFw _joAgrave 18 IY BJym-hpw Ap-`-h-k-macrbpw thorn sI ]n Acedilsup319 IYm-acutecw thorn hn BAgrave kp[ojv 20 sNdp-I-Ym-]-Oslashmw thorn Fw ]n t]mAuml 21 IYthorn B[p-n-I-X-bviexclp-tijw thorn FwsI lcn-Ip-amAgrave 22 FacutemWv B[p-n-IX thorn Fw apIp-microsup3 23 IYbpw ^macirc-knbpw thorn hOtilde-esup3 hmXp-tEgravecn 24 Oslashew Imew sNdp-IY thorn tkmasup3 sAtilden-hnf
MAL3B03
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 3
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24
ho ae-bmfIhnX ]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlvthorn4 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 1960 HmSp-IqSn ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc ]Xy-pound-am-b --ho--Xsb Ncn-X-ho-pound-W-tmacrmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
2 Bdp-Z-i-I-sect-tfmfw aebmf Ihn-X-bn-ep-minusmb kqpound-vahpw kbrvbaroAgravereg-hp-amb ]cn-Wm-asmacr apsup3nAgravemacrn B[p-n-IXm ]Oslashm--macrnsacirc cminusmw Llaquosmacr DAumlsiexclm-AringpI
3 B[p-n-Im--acutec ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse cNm Xacute-sectfpw hnhn[ ]h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
4 kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn ZenXv Ihn-X-I-fpsS tIc-fob ]cn-k-csmacr kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
5 ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnAcirc kw`-hnuml amauml-sectsf hnaAgravei--_p-sup2n-tbmsS a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
samUyqAuml 1
ae-bm-f-macrnse ho--]-h-W-X-I-fpsS thcp-IAumlthorn K-cm-p-`-h-sect-fpsS kbrvbaroAgravereg-Xthorn Ay-h-XvI-c-Whpw Ac-poundn-Xm-h-Oslashbpwthorn hyagraven-Xzsmacr kw_-Ocircn-iexclppara ]pAgravenAgraveh-N--sectAumlthorn cq]-]-c-amb ]co-pound-W-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc km[y-X-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw
hni-Z-]-Tw
thorn _tIgravem-cedilnAcirc
thorn ImsShnsS aiexcltf
1 am[-hsup3 Aiquest-cedilmacrv
2 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
3 IS-frac12-nlaquo thorn imacute
samUyqAuml 2
Fgp-]-Xp-IAumlthorn cmjvSo-b-h-XvI-cn-iexcl-scedil-Sppara B[p-n-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-X-bnAcirc nparav kmaq-ln-I-X-bn-te-iexclvthorn hntpoundm-`-I-c-amb `mh-sectAumlthorn Hparanepw hnizm-k-an-Atildem-bvathorn ]Xn-I-c-W-sect-fpsS cqpoundX
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 t]mmacrv thorn IiexclmSv 2 _wKmAuml thorn sIPn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 3 kwI-aWw thorn BaumlqAgrave 4 ]n thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3
samUyqAuml 3
s]nota-bpsS Bhn-jvI-c-Wwthorn tIc-fo-b-]-cn-k-cwthorn Xmcm-laquop-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn `agraven Ihn-X-IAumlthornXncp-hm-Xn-c- m-laquop-IAumlthorn IS-macr-m-laquop-am-[-hn-b-frac12thorn Iplaquon-iexclpordfp Xbrvbar-umlnthorn thm-XvYm Imev]-n-I-L-laquowthorn amXr-Xzwthorn ]W-bwthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn [Agravefrac12m-[Agravefrac12w XpS-sectnb ]ta-b-sectAumlthorn ]Xn-tcm-[wthorn s]nota-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _mem-a-Wn-bfrac12 thorn Ihn-t]-bkn
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25
2 kpK-X-Ip-amcn thorn s]notIpordfvthorn90 3 hnP-b-epoundvan thorn arK-in-pound-Isup3 4 hnPne Nnd-cedilmSv thorn ASp-iexcl-f-bn-Atildemmacr hoSv
samUyqAuml 4
Ihn-X-bpsS hAgravemacr-am-wthorn Zen-Xv kvXo ]mcn-Oslashn-XnI cmatildeo-b-macrnsacirc ]nsup3_-e-macrnAcirc hnI-kn-iexclppara kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn h-am-[y-a-sect-fnse Bhn-jvIm-c-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Amacrmgw thorn F Aiquest-cedilsup3 2 sImlaquo thorn Fkv tPmk^v 3 ]acutep Imbviexclpw acw thorn taml--Ir-jvWsup3 ImeSn 4 Iw thorn ]n cmasup3 5 jvSw thorn sI BAgrave tSmWn 6 amAgravetmacrmfrac12 K-dnse ]Xn-a-IAuml thorn ]nF mkn-ap-plusmnosup3 7 B-a-bn-sem-laquoIw thorn d^oiexclv Al-frac12Zv 8 Iqlaquom- -X-bpsS Fgp-]-Xp-hAgravej-sectAuml thorn Fw_n atmPv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse Iogmf]cn-t]jyw thorn AnAcirc IpamAgrave SnsI 2 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn tUmPn Djm-Ip-amcn 3 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX IhnXm ]T--sectAuml thorn t]mAuml Fw-Fkv 4 ae-bmf IhnX B[p-n-Im--acutecw thorn kn BAgrave ]kmZv 5 Ihn-X-bnse ]pXp-h-gn-IAuml -thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup36 B[p-nI ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnse kvXo]pound
kao-]--sectAuml thorn KoX 7 ]pXp-I-hnX ]pXp-abpw ]e--abpw thorn tUmann Beokv (FUn) 8 au-macrnsacirc apg-iexcl-sectAuml thorn Fsup3 iin-[-csup3 9 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm Fsup3 AP-b-Ip-amAgrave 10 Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexcl-cpsS teJ--sectAuml (1950-thorn80) thorn Otmicrom-ap-agrave-amb Imhy-cq-]-inev]w
sI Aiquest-cedil-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv Hparamw `mKw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 2 Ihn-X-bpsS qaumlmminusv cminusmw `mKw thorn FwFsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 100 hAgravejw 100 IhnX thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (FUn) 4 ae-bm-f-I-hnX B[p-n-I-Xbpw ]mc-frac14-cyhpw thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave 5 B[p-n-I-X-bpsS Ipaumlkfrac12Xw thorn ]n ]hn-Xsup3 6 B[p-n-IX kmln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn tUm sIFw Xc-Isup3 7 kam-I-ew thorn Fsup3hn IrjvW-hm-cyAgrave 8 B[p-nI Ihn-X-bnse Ienbpw Nncnbpw thorn ]k-para-cm-Psup3 9 Xohminusn Hcp tZiob arKw thorn DaAgrave X-d-taAcirc 10 tIc-f-I-hnX (2010) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 11 tIc-f-I-hn-X (2013) thorn (FUn) kumln-Zm-microsup3 12 ]pXp-I-hn-Xm-]-T--sectAuml thorn ae-bmfw dntkAgraveumlv tPWAcirc 2005 13 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]k-agrave-`m-K-sectAuml
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26
MAL3B04
ska-IgraveAgrave 3
tImgvkv 4 Zriy-I-em-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf mS-I-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ncn-X-t_m[w BAgravePn-iexclpI2 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjvSob Ncn-X-macrnAcirc mSIw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow t_msup2y-scedil-Sp-para-Xnv
3 mSIw Fpara Iem-cq-]-macrnsacirc LS-m-X-e-macrnepw Bhn-jvIm-c-X-e-macrnepw DAring khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
4 mS-I-k-tbrvbar-X-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mcW e`n-iexclp-para-Xnv (cwK`mj icoc`mj kmln-Xy-`m-j i_vZ-n-b-acute-Ww shfn-uml-I-ao-I-c-Ww Na-bw Ae-brvbarm-c-sectAuml D]-I-c-W-sectAuml Bi-b-hn-n-ab Xacute-sectAuml )
5 tIc-fo-b-cw-K-I-e-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-ahpw Ncn-Xhpw kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI6 P-Iob Zriy-kw-kvIm-csmacr Imem-acute-c-macrnAcirc ]e-X-e-sect-fn-embn `mjy-scedil-Sp-macrnb Iem-cq-]-sect-sfpara ne-bnAcirc mS-I-smacrbpw knn-a-tbbpw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
7 mS-Ihpw IY-I-fnbpw Neumln--Xhpw ImWmpw ]Tn-iexclmpw Ah-X-cn-cediln-iexclmpw Bkzm-Z Iqlaquom-bva-IAuml kwL-Sn-cediln-iexclp-para-Xnpw t]c-Wbpw ]tNm-Z-hpw tSp-para-Xnv
8 `mc-Xo-bhpw tZio-b-hp-amb mSy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sectAumliexcl-Xo-X-ambn Hcp mSy-]m-c-frac14cyw tIcfw Fsects kzmb-macr-amiexcln Fparav Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
9 mtSmSn ApjvTm-I-e-IAuml apXAcirc ssieonjvT-I-e-IAuml hsc-bpAring Ie-I-sfbpw]mYacutemXy kzm[o--macrn-eqsS kzacute-ambn cq]w sImSpmacr Ie-I-tfbpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
10 cwK-]m-T-smacr-iexclqSn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn-siexclmminusv Zriy kmln-Xy-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]Tw nAgraveh-ln-iexclmsup3 ]m]vX-m-hpI
11 P-Io-bhpw P-]n-b-hp-amb B[p-nI Ie-I-fpsS kwkvImc ]cn-kcw Xncn-uml-dn-bpI samUyqAuml 1
Zi-cq-]-I-sectAumlthorn IqSn-bm-laquowthorn mtSm-Sn-m-S-Iwthorn s]mdm-laquovthorn Imiexclm-cn-Egraven-thorn-ap-Sn-tbaumlvthorn mSsup3 Ie-IAumlthorn centmkn-iexclAcirc Ie-IAumlthorn cwtKm-]-I-c-W-sectAumlthorn KoXw hmZyw rmacrwthorn A`n--bwthorn X-Xp-m-S-I-th-Znthorn mSy-[Agravefrac12nthorn temI-[Agravefrac12nthorn apJ-smacr-gp-macrvthorn thj-hn-[mw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 aem-bf imIp-acutefw (12 Abrvbar-sectAuml) thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac122 Ah--hsup3 ISfrac14 thorn Imhmew
samUyqAuml 2
kwKo-X-m-S-Iwthorn ]l-k-wthorn s]m^-j-WAcirc Aa-NzAgrave hn`-P-wthorn sXcp-hp-m-S-Iwthorn kvXo mS-Iwthorn Iplaquon-I-fpsS mS-I-thZn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kAgravetAElig-iexclAtildev thorn tXmcedilnAcirc `mkn 2 s]cp-frac14d thorn ]n Fw XmPv 3 Hmtcmtcm Ime-macrnepw thorn ioP sIhn
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27
samUyqAuml 3
IY-I-fnthorn Ncn-Xwthorn LS-thorn Blaquo-iexcl-Ythorn Ncn-Xwthorn ]Zwthorn tCcedilmIwthorn ZTHORN-Iwthorn kmamy [mcW
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 f-N-cnXw cminusmw Znhkw thorn Dregm-bn-hm-cyAgrave
samUyqAuml 4
knn-athorn kmamy Ncn-Xwthorn knn-a Hcp kbrvbarcIethorn ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS hnIm-kwthorn Xnc-iexcl-Ythorn kmln-Xyhpw knn-abpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 BZm-ansacirc aIsup3 A_p (Xnc-iexclY) thorn kenw Al-frac12Zv
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 IyI thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-cedilnAring 2 ]mlaquo-_miexcln thorn sI Zmtam-Z-csup3 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn iyma-]-kmZv 4 ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc nparapw Ac-sect-tmacriexclv thorn hnSn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv5 ebrvbarm-epoundvan thorn kn-Fsup3 ioI-WvTsup3mbAgrave 6 Db-cppara bh-nI thorn knsP tXmakv 7 Ac-sectnse Ap-`-h-sectAuml thorn sI ]n Fkv kn kptem-N 8 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc 9 mSI ZAgraveiw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 10 IY-Ifn thorn Pn IrjvW-cedilnAring
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 IY-Ifn hnUacutem--tImiw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 2 Blaquo-iexclYm kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Abvaw IrjvW-ssiexcl-aAuml 3 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]me-Ir-jvWsup3 4 ae-bmfmSI kmlnXyNcnXw thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-iexclp-dpcedilv 5 ae-bm-f-m-SI ]Oslashmw thorn Imlaquop-amSw mcm-b-Wsup3 6 ae-bm-f-m-S-I-th-Zn-bpsS IY thorn aS-hqAgrave `mkn 7 t]pound-I-cpsS Acsectv thorn Fsup3 BAgrave Kma-]-Imiv 8 Idp-macr-Nn-cn-bpsS Acsectv thorn FAcirc tXma-kvIplaquon 9 ae-bmf kwKoX mSI NcnXw thorn sI ioIp-amAgrave 10 Imiexclm-cnEgraven mSIw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 11 mlaquo-csectv hnIm-khpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw thorn Pn `mAgraveK-hsup3]nAring 12 IqSn-bmlaquow A`n-b-macrnsacirc XpSAgraveumlbpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sIPn ]utemkv 13 tIc-f-macrnse mtSmSn mS-I-sectAuml thorn FkvsI mbAgrave 14 kwhn-[m-bI kbrvbarev]w thorn Pn ibrvbar-c-cedilnAring 15 ae-bmf kvXo mSI NcnXw thorn kPnX aT-macrnAcirc 16 mS-I-]-th-inI thorn FUn lcn-iAgravefrac12 17 knn-abpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn tKm]n-m-Ysup3 sI 18 knna Hcp hnkvab Ie thorn s]m^ tPmnot ibrvbar-c-aw-Kew 19 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hnsI tPmk^v 20 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgravehnFw Znhm-I-csup3 21 ae-bm-f-Xn-c-iexclY hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hnFw Znhm-I-csup3 22 ae-bmf knna 1928thorn2006 thorn _me-N-microsup3 s]cp-paramn
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28
23 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-km-lnXywthorn kumicro-cyhpw ]k-agravenbpw thorn tPmkvsI amp-hAcirc 24 Ncn-Xhpw Ne-umln-Xhpwthorn tZi-`m-h--bpsS
lAgravej-aq-ey-sectAuml thorn ]n Fkv cm[m-Ir-jvWsup3 25 B[p-nI ae-bmf knna thorn sIhn cmasup3Iplaquon 26 ae-bmf knn-am-]-T--sectAuml thorn kn Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 27 DS-ensacirc Xmc-kz-cq-]-sectAuml thorn kn-Fkv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3
MAL4B05
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImgvkv 5 ]mNo- a[y-Ime ae-bm-f-I-hnX
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ae-bmf Imhy-im-J-bpsS DAcirc]macrn apXAcirc 18mw qaumlm-minusp-h-sc-bpAring ]mc-frac14cy cq]o-I-c-W-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W- t-Sp-para-Xnv
2 ]mlaquov aWn-]-hm-fw mSsup3]mlaquov Fparao [mc-W-I-sfbpw Xangv kwkvIrX ]mc-frac14-cy-sect-fp-sS-kzm-[o--smacrbpw Kln-iexclp-para-Xnv
3 Imhy-am-Xr-I-I-tfbpw kumicro-cy-k-brvbarAcirc]-sect-sfbpw kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm--macrnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-para-Xnv
4 ae-bm-f-k-tmicro-i-Im-hy-sectAuml Ncn-X-tmacrbpw kwkvIm-c-tmacrbpw AS-bm-f-scedil-Sp-macrnb coXnXncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv
5 mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-Ifpw mtSmSnKm-sectfpw ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml Xncn-uml-dn-bp-IbpwsNiquestpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mNo ]mlaquop-km-ln-Xywthorn ]mlaquonsacirc epound-Wwthorn ]mlaquopw ]mTHORNy- m-jm-km-cq-]y-hpwthorn ]mlaquonsacirc hnImk]cn-Wm-a-sectAumlthorn cma-N-cn-Xwthorn Xncp-n-gAcircam-ethorn ]mlaquon-sacirc- ]p-Xn-b-ap-Jwthorn IregEgraveIrXn-IAumlthorn cma-I-Y-m]mlaquov
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 cma-N-cnXw thorn ]Sew 1 2 Ireg-Egrave-cm-am-b-Ww thorn kpmicro-c-ImTHORNw (BZysmacr 15 ]mlaquop-IAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
aWn-]-hmf kmln-Xywthorn aWn-]-hmf `mjthorn eoem-Xn-eI nAgraveh-N-wthorn ktmicroi Imhy-sectAumlthorn a[y-Ime Nfrac14p-iexclAumlthorn ]neviexclme ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnAcirc aWn-]-hmfw sNep-macrnb kzm[ow
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Dregp-oen ktmicroiw thorn ]kvXm-h Hgn-hmiexcln BZysmacr 10 tCcedilmI-sectAuml 2 `mjm-ss-j[w Nfrac14p thorn ]qAgraveAElig-`mKw BZysmacr 30 tCcedilmI-sectAuml
samUyqAuml 3
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29
KmY Infn-cedilm-laquov XpAringAcirc hcopyn-cedilm-laquov ]m Fparao kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--sect-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn `agraven-bpsS ]cn-Wm-aw sNdp-tEgravecn apXAcirc ]qacutemw hscthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 `mj-bnAcirc hcp-macrnb auenI ]cn-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 IrjvW-KmY thorn AIq-cm-K-aw 2 alm-`m-cXw Infn-cedilmlaquov thorn kvXo]AgraveAEligw 3 tLmj-bmX thorn XpAringAcirc 4 IptN-e-hrmacrw hcopyn-cedilmlaquov thorn cma-]p-c-macrp-hm-cyAgrave (IrjvW IptNe kwKaw amXw)
samUyqAuml 4
mtSmSn kwkvIm-csmacr ]Xn-^-en-cediln-iexclppara ]mlaquop-IAuml mtSmSn Km-sectAumlthorn `mjm-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAumlthorn hmsamgn kmln-Xywthorn nAgraveh-N--sectAuml LS- ]ta-bw hoc-I-Ym-Km--sectAumlthorn hS-iexclsup3 sXiexclsup3 CS-m-Ssup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn sXmgnAcirc ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn Irjn-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn hAring-cedilm-laquop-IAumlthorn mth-dp-]m-laquop-IAumlthorn kmap-Zm-bnI Km-sectAumlthorn PqXthorn InkvXysup3thorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquop-IAuml Fparan-h-bpsS kmam-y-]-Tw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 tXmaumlw-]mlaquov thorn s]mlaquosup3sXiquestw
2 _Z-dpAcircap-oAgravethorn lpkvpAcirc PamAcirc thorn (anI-hpauml _Z-dpAcirc apo-dn-s-macrsparahellip
helliphelliphellipXpS-sectnb 32 hcn-IAuml) 3 Cc-hn-iexclp-laquon-cediln-Aring-cedilmlaquov thorn (Cc-hn-bpsS ]S-cedilp-d-cedilm-Sp-amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw amXw)
1 hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn (FUn) cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 2 hS-iexclsup3]m-laquop-I-fpsS ]Wn-bme thorn Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cn-bAgrave 3 IrjvW-KmYm ]T--sectAuml thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 4 Ipcopysup3 frac14ymAgravethorn hmiexclpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI-Fsup3 KtWjv 5 Fgp-macr-Ntildeacirc Ie- thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 6 Xpcopysup3 ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn tIcf kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Zan 7 ktmicro-i-macrnsacirc kwkvIm-c-]m-T-sectAuml(kwkvImcw ]T-w Ncn-Xw knsup2m-acutew ]tbm-Kw) thorn Zneo-]vIp-amAgrave sIhn
8 io ncWw Ihn-IAuml thorn hnZzmsup3 iohn IrjvWsup3 frac14q-Xncn 9 ]qacutem--macrnsacirc `agravenbpw Xmacrz-Nn-acutebpw thorn tUm ]n Dj 10 Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn asup3kq-den (FUn)
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-sect-fnse ]kagrave `mK-sectAuml (tUm-sIFwtPmAgraveOumlvDAringqAgraveSnFw Npfrac12mAgraveFsup3 IrjvW-]n-Aring ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave)
2 Fsup3 apIp-microsup3 thorn KmY 3 Fsup3-ap-Ip-microsup3 thorn Infn-cedilmlaquov 4 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn tIc-fo-b-Xthorn Ncn-X-am--sectAuml 5 Fw-BAgrave cmL-h-hm-cyAgrave thorn Afrac12-h-gn-tiexcl-cfw 6 DAringqAgrave thorn `mjm Nfrac14p-iexclAuml 7 tUm tNe-mlaquov ANyq-X-ta-tmsup3 thorn Fgp-macr-Ntildepw Imehpw 8 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]Zy-cXvw 9 hn BacircWn (FUn) thorn Xtumlm-fn-]m-laquop-IAuml 10 ]n-hn-P-b-cedilsup3 thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw 11 sI-Fsup3 Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 thorn sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml
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30
12 Cfpw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml 13 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn tIc-f-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm tcJ-IAuml 14 ]nsI kpa-Xn-iexclplaquon thorn frac14ymAgrave Xangv 15 tkma-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-cedil-ga Hcp Ncn-X-k-copymcw 16 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemAgrave 17 cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv thorn t^mIvtemdnsmcp ]T]sup2Xn 18 sI-c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bmf `mjm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc
MAL4B06
ska-IgraveAgrave 4
tImAgrave tImgvkv 6 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml 1 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc Ncn-Xm-szlig-I-amb cq]-scedil-S-en-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-t-SpI 2 kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw ]Xy-b-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb `mhp-IXz ]cn-Wm-a-sectsf kmam-y-ambn Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
3 Ncn-X-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb DXv]-para-sapara ne-bnAcirc tmh-ens DAumlsiexclm-AringpI 4 CXc kmlnXy cq]-sect-fnAcirc nparav tmh-ens hyXy-kvX-am-iexclppara LS-I-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
tmhAcircthorn nAgraveh-N-w DZv`-hwthorn ]mcw- -L-laquowthorn ]qAgraveh amXr-I-IAumlthorn ]mYacutemXy kzm[o-wthorn sImtfm-Wn-bAcirc B[p-n-I-Xthorn tZio-b-Xthorn kmaq-ln-I Ncn-X-tm-h-ep-IAumlthorn tmh-en-Igravep-IAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Cmicrop-teJ thorn H Nacutep-ta-tmsup3 2 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravefrac12 thorn knhn cmasup3]nAring
samUyqAuml 2
thm-XvYm--L-laquowthorn kmaq-lnI kmfrac14-macrnI ]iv-sectAuml tmh-enAcircthorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-macrnsacirc BhnAgrave`m-hhpw kzm[o--hpwthorn km[m-c-W-iexclm-cp-sSbpw ASn-Oslashm hAgraveK-macrn-sacircbpw Pohn-Xwthorn tZiob ]Oslashmwthorn kzmX-acutey-k-a-cwthorn Cacuteym-hn-`-Pwthorn sFIy-tI-c-fwthorn P-]nb tmhAcirc
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 `macutem-ebw thorn tIi-h-tZhv 2 Dfrac12mumlp thorn Ddq_v 3 _meyImekJn thorn _joAgrave
samUyqAuml 3
B[p-n-I-Xthorn Ncn-Xwthorn kmaq-ln-I-Xthorn sshb-agraven-I-Xthorn IYm-]mX kbrvbar-ev]wthorn aqeyt_m[wthorn `mj-bnepw BJym--macrnepw hpara amauml-sectAumlthorn kwLAgravej-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
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31
1 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 2 Jkm-iexclnsacirc CXn-lmkw thorn H hn hnP-bsup3
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec kzXz-cm-atildeo-bwthorn Iogm-f-X tZio-b-X kvXo ]cn-Oslashn-Xn BtKm-fo-I-c-Wwthorn ]Xn-k-Ocircn-IAumlthorn ]mtZ-in-I-Xbpw ]Xn-tc-m[-hpwthorn BJym--]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]pe-b-cedilmlaquov thorn apIp-microsup3 2 sImuml-tcmacrn thorn mcm-bsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUv Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 Xmsg-]-d-bppara GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw sXc-sordf-Sp-iexclpI
1 Cmicrop-te-Jbpw Cwyenojpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 2 BhAgravemacrw thorn hn kn ioPsup3 3 NmIym-cpsS sIme-umlncn thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (hn-sIFsup3 ]T--sectAuml) 4 Bem-l-bpsS s]nota-iexclAuml thorn kmdm tPmk^v 5 sAtildev thorn ]n-h-Otildee 6 mep-sIlaquov thorn Fw-Sn 7 kmpoundn thorn Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 8 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI BAgrave aoc 9 ssPhw thorn ]n kptc-microsup3 10 tKmhAgravesup2sacirc bmX-IAuml thorn Bmicrov
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tmhAcirc kmlnXyw thorn Fw]n t]mAuml 2 ae-bmf tmhAcirc kmlnXy NcnXw thorn sI-Fw Xc-Isup3 3 BZy-Ime ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn tPmAgraveOumlv Ccp-frac14bw 4 Ncn-X-tm-hAcirc ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 5 ]Xn-]mXw `mj-W-t`Xw thorn Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring 6 AOcirc-mb ssZhw thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 7 amdppara ae-bmf tmhAcirc thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 8 tmhAcirc knsup2nbpw km[-bpw thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 9 B[p-nI tmhAcirc ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3 10 Ccp-]Xp tmh-ep-IAuml thorn FwFw _joAgrave 11 tmhAcirc ]iv-sectfpw ]T--sectfpw thorn Fw Aumlp-Xsup3 12 B[p-n-IX ae-bmf tmh-enAcirc thorn AK-Igravensup3 tPmk^v 13 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml thorn ]nsI cmP-ti-J-csup3 14 knhn Ncn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-I-fn-eqsS thorn FwsI IrjvWsup3 15 tmhepw cmjvSo-bhpw thorn FFw hmkp-tZ-hsup3]nAring 16 tmhAcirc frac12p-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw thorn Pn-Fsup3 ]Wn-iexclAgrave
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32
MAL5B07
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 7 ae-bmfhymI-cWw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mjm-hym-I-cW ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectsf a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 2 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-cq-]-sectsf A]-K-Ynumlv a-Ecircn-em-iexclm-pAring ]m]vXn-t-SpI 3 hymI-c-W-cq-]-sect-fpsS ]tbm-K-macrn-ep-minusmb ]cn-Wmaw a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 4 hymI-c-W-sect-fnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI 5 `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb Adnhp-Isf tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv A`n-]mbw kzcq-]n-iexclpI
BapJw
hymI-c-W-macrnv tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-bsmacr B[m-c-K-Ugrave-ambn D]-tbm-K-scedil-Sp- -Ww eoem-Xn-e-I-macrn-sebpw aaumlp ][m hymI-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ]k-agrave-sect-fmb A`n-]m-b-sectsf kzoI-cn-iexclm-hp-para-Xm-Wv kOcircn kamkw XpSsectnb hymI-cW Imcy-sect-fnAcirc ]Tn-Xm-hnsacirc ]mtbm-KnIUacutemsmacr ]cn-tim-[n-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sectAumliexclmWv apsup3K-W AcirctI-minusXv
samUyqAuml 1
1 hymI-c-Ww hymI-c-W]Tmacrnsacirc ]k-agraven ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hymI-cW KUgrave-sectAumlthorn kmamy]cn-Nbw
2 Apound-cwthornhAgraveregwthorn en]n ae-bm-f-macrnse Apound-c-sectAumlthorn `nparam-`n-]m-b-sectAumlthornkwhr-tXm-Im-cw hOtildey-hAgraveKw
3 kOcircnthorn tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS hn`-P-wthorn eoem-Xn-e-I-macrnse kOcircn-kq-X-sect-fp-am-bpAring Xmc-X-ayw kOcircn-Im-cy-sect-fnse ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutemw
4 hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAuml ae-bm-f-macrnse ][m hAgraveW-hn-Im-c-sectAumlthorn G-B-dnsacirc A`n-]mbw
samUyqAuml 2
1 i_vZ-hn-`m-Kwthorn nAgraveh-N-wthorn hn`-P-wthorn ]Ir-Xnthorn ]Xy-bwthorn CS-ne 2 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS ]Z-hn-`-P-wthorn hnaAgravei-m-szlig-I-]-T-w CXc ]THORNn-X-middotm-cpsS A`n-]m-b-sectAuml
3 maw IrXn t`Z-Iwthorn nAgraveh-N-w hn`-P-w D]-hn- m-K-sectAumlthorn hnaAgraveiw 4 tZymX-Iwthorn cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12-bpsS A`n-]m-bwthorn hnaAgraveiwhni-I-ew
samUyqAuml 3
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33
1 ma-sect-fpsS hn`-P-w hn`-P-m-Sn-Oslashm-w tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS A`n-]mbw 2 enwKw enwK-nAgraveW-b-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml ]Xy-b-sectAuml 3 hn`-P-w hn`-agraven Imc-Iw hn`-agraveym- mkw 4 njv]para ma-sectAumlthorn Xsup2n-Xw Xsup2n-X-macrnsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAuml 4
1 Inbthorn Inbm-hn-`-P-w hn`-P--macrnsacirc D]m-[n-IAuml 2 Imewthorn ]Xy-b-sectAuml hnX-c-W-macrnse kbrvbaroAgraveW-X-IAuml hAgravemacr-am--Im-e-]-Xy-bw nKoAgraveW-IAgraveXr-Iw Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenw ZznXz- J-cm-tZiw
3 ]Im-cw ]tbm-Kw ma-[m-Xp Jne-[m-Xp Ap-]-tbm-Kw kam-kw ntj-[w t]sc-umlw hn-sb-umlw Irmacrvthorn IrXn-Ir-macrv Imc-I-Irmacrv
4 hmIywthorn NqAgraveregn-I kbrvbaroAgravereg-hm-Iyw AwK-hm-Iyw AwKn-hm-Iyw ntj-[-hm-Iyw `mj-bnse NnOacute-sectAuml enJn-X-`m-j-bnAcirc Ah-bpsS ]m[myw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 i_vZ-tim-[nn thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 4 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn slAgraveasup3 KpminusAgravelaquov 5 ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn tPmAgravePv ammacrsup3 6 tIc-f-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw thorn ]mumlp-aq-macrXv 7 hymI-c-W-anXw thorn Fw tij-Kn-cn-]`p 8 tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob ]mT-sectAuml thorn kn hn hmkptZh`laquo-Xncn 9 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-`mjyw thorn kn FAcirc BacircWn 10 ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-p-im-kw thorn sI kpIpam-c-]nAring 11 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-k-aopound thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 12 samgnbpw s]mcpfpw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 13 ]qAgraveAElig-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 14 hymI-c-W-]-T--sectAuml thorn Sn_n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 15 `mjm-]-cn-Nbw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 16 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw kwhmZsectAuml ka-z-b-sectAuml thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc 17 ae-bm-f-hym-I-c-W-Nnacute thorn Dregn Ba-cedilm-d-bviexclAcirc
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34
MAL5B08
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 8 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy knsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI2 Koiexclv BwK-teb kmlnXy hnaAgravei ]Xn- -Isf ]Tn-iexclpI3 hnaAgravei--knsup2n tSpI4 ]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS hnI-k ia-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
]mYacutemXy kmlnXy knsup2m- -sect-fpsS DUcirc-hwthorn tsup1taumlm thorn Ap-I-c-W-hm-Zwthorn dncedil-raquon-iexclvthorn Iem-Im-c-middotm-sc-iexclp-dnumlv tsup1taumlmthorn tsup1taumlm-bpsS ]m[mywthorn Acn-tIgravem-laquonAcircthorn knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn Ap-I-cW knsup2m-acutewthorn SmPUn nAgraveh-N-wthorn Bdp LS-I-sectAumlthorn IYmAgravekn-kvthorn temwKn--kvthorn DZm-macr-Zm-hmZw
samUyqAuml 2
thAgraveUvkv hAgravemacrvthorn endn-iexclAcirc _em-Uvknsacirc Bap-Jwthorn Imhy-nAgraveh-N-wthorn `mh--bpsS ]m[m-ywthorn Imhy-`m-jthorn tImAuml dnUvPvthorn Ihn-]-Xn-`thorn Cam-Pn-t-jsup3thorn ^macirc-knthorn tSmAumltIgravembv thorn hnaAgravei kao-]w
samUyqAuml 3
dnb-en-kwthorn anIgraven-kn-kwthorn kAgravedn-b-en-kwthorn ^yquml-dn-kwthorn FIvkv]-j-n-kwthorn FIvIgravesup3jy-en-kwthorn Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dn-umlpAring kmamy [mcW
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-n-Im--acutec hnaAgravei knsup2m-acute-sectAumlthorn LS-m-hm-Zwthorn Dmacr-c-L-S-m-hm-Zwthorn ssieo hnUacutem-o-bwthorn a-im-kvX-k-ao-]-wthorn A]-nAgraveamWw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy XXz-imkvXw thorn sIFw Xc-Isup3
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35
2 ]mYacutem-Xy-km-lnXy ZAgraveiw thorn s]m^ Fw ANyp-Xsup3 3 B[p-n-tIm-macr-c-X-bpsS tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn tUm ]nsI t]miexclAgrave4 Dmacr-cm-[p-n-IX thorn kn_n kp[m-I-csup3 5 Dmacr-cm-[p--IX hAgravemacr-am-hpw hwim-h-en-bpwthorn sI]n Acedilsup3
6 An Introduction to the Study of Literature - WH Hudson
7 Principles of Literary Criticism - IA Richards
MAL5B09
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 9 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgravesIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-epoundysectAuml
1 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnsacirc Ncn-X-]-c-amb hnImkw Xncn-uml-dn-bp-para-Xnv2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-N-cn-X-macrnsacirc kumicro-cy-im-kvX-]-chpw Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb Znim-hy-Xn-bm--sectsf kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSp-para-Xnv
3 hnhn[ hnaAgravei ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS ]tbmKw amXr-I-I-fn-eqsS DAumlsiexclm-Aringp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-X-frac14p-cmsup3thorn `mjm kmln-Xy-hn-Im-k-smacr-cedilaumln Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw ncq-]-W-sectfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b-sectfpwthorn ]mk-hm-Zwthorn kn-]n ANypX-ta-tmsup3thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thornkm-ln-Xy-]-copym-sup3 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]mk-hm-Zw thorn tUm hn Pb-]-kmZv (A[ymbw cminusv kmln-Xy-hn-hm-Z sect-fn-eqsS en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv)
2 fn-n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac123 amAgravemacrm-THORN-hAgravea thorn kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsup3 (kn]n ANyp-X-ta-tmsacirc
ncq-]-W-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--macrnse Znim hyXn-bm-wthorn tIk-cn-G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aringthorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvam-cmAgravethorn Fw]n t]mAumlthorn apminus-tEgravecn
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 njv]pound ncq-]Ww thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 2 kaq-l-macrnse hnjw thorn tIkcn G-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n-Aring(h-temIw) 3 _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cn-I thorn Fw]n t]mAuml
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36
samUyqAuml 3
Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn ]ptcm-K-a kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm-wthorn Aiexclm-Z-anI hnaAgravei-wthorn a-xEgravem-kvX-hn-aAgraveiw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Poh-Otildem-lnXyw thorn C-Fw-Fkv 2 amfrac14gw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 3 Xnc-kvImcw thorn sI]n Acedilsup3 4 Bimsacirc koXm-Imhyw thorn kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv
samUyqAuml 4
B[p-nI hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc XpSAgraveuml thorntUmFw eoem-h-Xnthorn _n cmPo-hsup3thorn kvXohmZ ncq-]-Wwthorn ZenXv ]poundwthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ncq-]Ww
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 _psup2pw inhpw thorn tUm Fw eoem-hXn 2 Ap-`q-Xn-I-fpsS Ncn-X-]-cX thorn _n cmPo-hsup3 (P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]pcw) 3 Fgpmacr-v A[nImcw ku-micro-cyw thorn sI-C-Fsup3( kaqlw kmln-Xyw kwkvIm-cw) 4 kc-kz-Xo-hn-Pbw (Ah-XmcnI) thorn sIsI sImumlv 5 Iregm-Sn-IAuml DS-bviexclp-para-sX-acutenv thorn ]n KoX 6 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw(BZy teJw) thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 s]not hnn-a-b-sectAuml thorn Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon 2 Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-m-im-n-eqsS thorn ]nsI _me-Ir-jvWsup3 3 Ipaumln-cedilp-g-bpsS ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml thorn Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring 4 krjvSnbpw kjvSmhpw thorn Fkv Kp]vXsup3mbAgrave 5 kwkvIm-c-]-TwHcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 6 tcmK-macrnsacirc ]qiexclAuml thorn hn-cm-P-Ir-jvWsup3 7 B[p-n-tIm-macr-cXhni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw thorn hnkn ioPsup3 8 ]cn-Oslashn-Xn-ku-micro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 9 XOtilde-abw thorn IAcirc]auml mcm-b-Wsup3 10 Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fnse Xnc--sordf-Spmacr Hcp Ihn-Xbviexclv kz -ambn Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp hnaAgraveiw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww Cparase 2 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]Ww ]mcw- -Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 3 ae-bmfncq-]Ww a[y-a-Llaquow thorn]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 4 ae-bm-f-n-cq-]WwB[p-n-I-Llaquow thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 5 ka-Im-e-n-cq-]-W-macrnsacirc
hyXykvX apJ-sectAuml thorn ]nsI ]c-ta-iz-csup3 mbAgrave kvamcI KUgravem-hen 6 kpIp-amAgrave Ago-tiexclmSv thorn ae-bmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveiw 7 tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn thorn apminus-tEgravecn IrXn-IAuml aqparap-`m-Kw(1981)
tImlaquo-bw Unkn _pIvkv 8 C-Fw-Fkv frac14q-Xn-c-cedilmSv thorn sXsc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml (1980)
kmln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 9 ]nsI mcm-b-W-]nAring thorn ]copym-sacirc hnaAgravei--X-bw tIc-f-km-lnXy
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37
Aiexclm-Z-an XrEgraveqAgrave 10 Fw ]n t]mAuml thorn tmhAcirc kmlnXyw Fkv-]n-Fkv tImlaquobw 1990 11 Fw- ]n t]mAuml thorn kmln-Xy-hn-Nm-cw ]qAgravereg ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
tImgn-tiexclm-Sv 1991 12 Pn a[pkqZ-sup3 thorn lcnX ncq-]Ww ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 2002 13 Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn thorn ZenXv kmln-Xyw Unkn _pIvkv tImlaquobw2001 14 ]n]n cho-microsup3 thorn B[p-n-Im-- -cwthorn hnNmcw hmb- Icacircv _pIvkv
XrEgraveqAgrave 1999 --------- 15 cmPo-hsup3_n thorn P-n-_n-U-amb Z -tKm-]p-cw
Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv Xncp-h- -]pcw 1991 16 tUm Fw eoem-hXn thorn kmln-Xy-n-cq-]-W-macrnse Znim-t_m-[w
Fkv ]n kn Fkv tImlaquo-bw 2000 17 tUm-F-kvsI hk-acutesup3 thorn ]mk-hmZw 18 F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-kmlyw 19 BAgrave cma-N-microsup3(FUn) thorn ncq-]Ww ]pXn-b-apJw 20 tUm Fw apc-fo-[-csup3 thorn Fw]n t]mfnsacirc kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 21 ]n]n them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn ae-bmf kmln-Xy-hn-aAgraveiw 22 hnkn ioPsup3 thorn B[p-n-tIm-macr-cX hni-I-e-hpw hnaAgravei-hpw
Fkv- ]n -kn -Fkv tImlaquobw 23 Xniexclp-dnEgraven KwKm-[-csup3 (kfrac14m-Zw) thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 24 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml 25 Fw-BAgrave Nmicro-ti-J-csup3 thorn tIc-f-macrnse ]ptcm-K-a
kmln-Xy-]-Oslashm--macrnsacirc NcnXw -- 26 Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 thorn kfrac14qAgravereg-Ir-Xn-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2005 27 sP-tZ-hnI thorn kvXohm-Zw Un kn _pIvkv 28 Fkv imc-Z-iexclplaquon thorn s]nothn-n-a-b-sectAuml
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38
MAL5B10
ska-IgraveAgrave 5
tImgvkv 10 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Uacutemw kfrac14m-Zn-iexclp-para-Xn-eqsS kzXz-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring Ah-t_m[w tSp-I tIcf kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnv Ap-_-Ocirc-amb [mc-W-IAuml cq]o-I-cn-iexclp-I t^mIvtemdnsacirc hyXykvX Xe-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv ka-K-amb [mcW Dminusm-iexclp-I mtSmSn hnUacutem-o-b-macrnAcirc DparaX ]T--macrnpw Kth-j-W-macrnpw thminus ASn-Oslashmw cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
samUyqAuml 1
t^mIvtemAgrave ]Z-n-jv]- nthorn nAgraveAElig-N--sectAumlthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn t^mIvtemAgrave ]T--macrnsacirc ]k-agraventhorn epoundywthorn kmaq-ly-[Agravefrac12wthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Wwthorn ]T--N-cn-Xwthorn CX-c-hn-j-b-sect-fp-am-bpAring _Ocircw
samUyqAuml 2
mSsup3]m-laquop-IAumlthorn hAgraveKo-I-c-Whpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-N-bhpwthorn hS-iexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn sXiexclsup3 ]mlaquovthorn amcediln-f-cedilm-laquovthorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn I-S-brvbarYthorn ]g-scopym-Atildevthorn kz`m-h-]c-nN-bwthorn mtSm-Sn-I-Y-IAuml thorn]p-cm-hr-macr-sectAumlthorn sFXo-ly-sectAuml (Hmtcm hn`m-K-macrnpw DZm-l-c-W-sectAuml Isminusmacrn kmamy[mcW ttS-minus-XmWv)
samUyqAuml 3
sXiquestwthorn apSn-tb-aumlvthorn ]S-b-Wnthorn amAgravecurrenw Ifnthorn Hcedil-thorn hlaquo-cedilm-laquovthorn dmmacro-_vthorn kmam-y-[m-c-Wthorn mtSmSn kmln-Xyhpw apJy-[m-cm-km-ln-Xyhpw
samUyqAuml 4
mlaquom-Nm-c-sectAumlthorn mtSmSn hmZy-sectAumlthorn hntm-Z-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTm--sectAumlthorn BtLm-j-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 `pound-Wwthorn sshZywthorn kmam-y-[m-c-W
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv
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39
2 mtSmSn hnUacutem-obw thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 3 t^mIvtemAgrave nLminusp thorn tUm-Fw hn hnjvWp--frac14q-Xncn 4 t^mIvtemdnv Hcp ]T ]sup2Xn thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 5 tIcf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn tUm cmL-hsup3 ]iquest-mSv 6 P-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml thorn tUm blnb ]pfn-iexclAcirc(FUn) 7 amcedilnf t^mIvtemAgrave thorn s]m^ _n apl-frac12Zv Al-frac12Zv 8 tIc-f-macrnsacirc mtSmSn kwkvImcw thorn Imhmew mcm-b-W-]Wn-iexclAgrave 9 Ifn-bmlaquow thorn kn-Fw-Fkv Ntacutec 10 ]S-b-Wnthorn Ap-jvTm-w ]pcm-hr-macrw s]mcpAuml thorn tUmsI hnZym-km-KAgrave 11 t^mIvtemAgrave kwkvIm-c-]-T--sectAuml thorn s]m^_n apl-frac12Zv 12 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m-acutehpw cmatildeo-bhpw thorn tUmsI Fw `c-Xsup3 13 t^mIvtemAgrave knsup2m- -sectAuml thorn tUm-kn BAgrave cmP-tKm-]m-esup3 14 t^mIvtemAgravePpEcircv knsup2m-acutew cmjvSobw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc 15 IS-brvbarY kumicrocyhpw kwkvIm-chpw thorn sI Fw AnAcirc
MAL6B11
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 11 `mjm-im-kvXhpw `mjm-N-cn-Xhpw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-sbbpw `mjm-im-kvX-smacrbpw]aumln kmam-y-[m-cW Dminusm-iexclpI 2 `mjm-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ASn-Oslashm Imcy-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrpI 3 hymI-c-Whpw `mjm-im-kvXhpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXymkw t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI 4 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kvXsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw `mjbpw A[n-Im-chpw Fsects _Ocirc-scedil-laquop-n-eviexclpparap Fparav a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI
5 ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-I-sf-iexclp-dnumlv Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-iexclpI 6 amXr-`m-j-bp-ambn _Ocirc-scedillaquo kwhm-Z-sect-fnAcirc bpagraven-`-Z-amb ne-]m-Sp -kzo-I-cn-iexclmsup3 ]cym-]vX-am-iexclp-I `mjm-t_m[w hfAgravemacrpI
7 kmtbrvbar-XnI cwKmacrv ae-bmfw ssIh-cnuml tlaquo-sectsf t_m[y-scedil-Sp-macrpI
BapJw
B[p-nI `mjm-im-kvX-smacr-iexclp-dnumlv hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv kmam-y-amb Adnhv ]I-cp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw D]cn]T--macrnv Xmev]cyw Pn-cediln-iexclpI FparaXpw ][mamWv AXn-p-X-Ippara coXn-bnAcirc kaq-l-hp-ambn _Ocirc-scedil-Sp-macrn ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Uacutem-smacr ]co-poundn-iexclppara Xc-macrn-epAring tNmZy-sect-fm-bn-cn-iexclWw tNmZn-tiexcl-minus-Xv
samUyqAuml 1
1 `mjthorn nAgraveh-N-w Bib hnn-ab hyh-Oslash `mj-bpsS s]mXp kz`m-h-sectAuml hmsam-gn-thorn-h-c-samgn t`Zw
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40
2 `mjm-ssh-hn-[y-sectAumlthorn amXr-`m-j Hparamw-`m-j cminusmw-`mj PohZv`mj arX`m-j kbrvbarc`mj shbrvbare-`m-j HutZym-Kn-I-`m-j am-I-`mj
3 `mjm-imkvX kao-]-wthorn nAgravetZ-im-szlig-Iw hnh-c-Wm-szlig-Iw Ncn-Xm-szlig-Iw Xpe-m-szlig-Iw hyXn-tcIm-szligIw
4 `mjm-tKmX kbrvbarAcirc]wthorn ][m--`m-jm-tKmX-sectAumlthorn Zmhn-U-tKm-Xwthorn Ipoundym-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 2
1 kz-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzw thorni-_vtZm-umlm-c-Wwthorn kzcw hyRvP-w Apound-cw eo-[z-n-IAuml 2 kzna-hn-Uacutem-wthorn kzn-a-macrnsacirc ]k-agraven D]-kz-w kzX-acute-]-cn-hAgravemacr-w cq]n-aw cq]na hn`m-K-sectAumlthorn kzX-acutew _sup2w
3 hmIy-hn-Nm-cwthorn hmIy-L-S- hmIym-]-K-Y-w cN-m- -cW ]P--I-hym-I-c-Ww 4 AAgraveYhn-Nm-cwthorn AAgraveY]cn-Wmaw AAgraveYhpw kaq-l-hpw ]cymbw mmAgraveYw hn]-co-Xw BAgraveYn-I-tpoundXw
samUyqAuml 3
1 kmaq-lnI `mjm-im-kvXwthorn `mjbpw kaq-l-hpw `mjbpw A[n-Im-c-hpw BNm-c-`m-j A[n-Im-c-`m-j hne-iexclp- m-j sXdn-`mj
2 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutem-wthorn hyagraven-`m-j `mjm-t`-Zw tIc-f-macrnse `mjm-t`-Z-sectAuml 3 Ncn-X-]p-AgravenAgraveam-Wwthorn B -cnI_mly-]p-AgravenAgraveamWw 4 `mj-tbm-SpAring atm-`m-hw `mjm-kq-Xw Zmhn-U-tKm-X-macrnAcirc ae-bm-f-macrn-pAring Oslashmw Llaquo-hn-`-Pw
samUyqAuml 4
1 ae-bm-f-`m-tjm-Xv]macrn knsup2m- -sectAumlthorn kwkvIr-X-P-y-hm-Zw-an-i- m-jm-hm-Zw kzX- -hm-Zw D]-im-Jm-hm-Zw ]qAgraveAElig thornXan-gv-thorn-a-e-bmf hmZw tIc-f-]m-Wn-ob-macrnse Bdpb-sectfpw hnaAgravei-hpw
2 Bp-Im-enI ae-bmfw thorn-h-am-[y-a-sectfpw ae-bm-f-hpw ]c-ky-`m-j tImw]n-b-dnwKv ae-bm-fw Fkv-Fw-Fkv ae-bm-fw ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw
3 amXr-`m-j-bpsS ka-Im-enI ]k-agraven amXr-`m-jthorn ]T--am-[yaw Fparane-bnAcirc temI amXr-`m-jm-Zn-w amXr-`m-j-bviexclp-th-minusp-bpAring ka-c-sectAuml
4 `mjbpw `c-W-`m-j-bpw tijvT-`mjm kbrvbar-ev]w tImS-Xn-`m-j ae-bmfw ssScedilnw-Kv sF-F-kvFwbqWn-IUv (kmam-y-]-cn-Nbw) ae-bmfw tcn-Sppara shAtildep-hn-fn-IAuml
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveumlbpw thorn sI -Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 2 `mjm-im-kvX-hn-thIw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 3 `mjm-h-tem-Iw thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 4 ]qAgraveh-tI-c-f- mj thorn sI Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave 5 `mjm-im-kvX-]-cn-Nbw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 6 kz-hn-Uacutemw thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 7 `mjm-im-kvX-n-Lminusp thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 8 `mjm-im-kvX-Zr-jvSn-bn-eqsS thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 9 Zmhn-U-`m-j-IAuml thorn hn BAgrave ]t_m-[-N-microsup3m-bAgrave 10 `mjmAgraveYw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 11 hmiexclnsacirc hgn-IAuml thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 12 `mjm-temIw thorn Sn _n thWp-tKm-]m-e-cedil-Wn-iexclAgrave 13 kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-imkvXw thorn Djm--frac14q-Xn-cn- mSv 14 `mjm-t`-Z-hn-Uacutemw thorn ]n tkma-ti-J-csup3m-bAgrave 15 A[n-Im-chpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv 16 kzXzhpw hnn-a-bhpw thorn ]nFw Kncojv
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41
17 Adnhpw `mjbpw thorn ]nFw Kcojv 18 sXfn-a-e-bmfw thorn Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn 19 tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml thorn Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring 20 tIc-f-`m-jm-hnUacutemobw thorn sI tKmZ-hAgravefrac12 21 tIc-f-]m-Wn-obw thorn F-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 22 tIc-f-Iu-apZn thorn tImhpregn sSp-sectmSn 23 ae-bm-f-macrnse ]c-Io-b-]-Z-sectAuml thorn ]n-Fw tPmk^v
MAL6B12
ska-IgraveAgrave 6 tImgvkv 12 KZy-km-lnXyw
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ]mcw- -smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hnIm-k-N-cn-X-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw hkvXp-n-jvT-amb Ah-t_m[w cq]-scedil-Sp-macrp-I
2 imk--`m-j IuS-eo-b-`m-j IqSn-bmlaquo KZyw ]pcm-W-I-Ym-Jym--sectAuml hymJym--sectAuml anj-Wdn ae-bm-f-K-Zyw Ad_n ae-bmf KZyw Fparan-sect-s-bpAring KZy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmamy ]cn-Uacutemw tSpI
3 a[y-Im-e B[p-n-I-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-cedil-Sp-para-Xn-eqsS `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc hfAgraveumlbpw ]cn-Wm-ahpw kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-y-]-cn-Uacutemw tSpI
4 Auml-Sn ]X-]-hAgravemacr-w sshtZ-inI kzm[ow Fparan-h-bpsS ]Yacutem-macr-e-macrnAcirc `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-cWw kw_-Ocircnumlv [mcW tSpI
samUyqAuml 1
imk--Im-ewthorn imk--sect-fpsS cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml en]n-hn-ym-kw `mjm-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml imk--`m-j-bnse ka-Im-eo `mjm-]-Xn-^-e-wthorn hmiexclp-IAuml ssien-IAuml kOcircn hAgravereg-]-cn-Wmaw Fparao `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-IAumliexclv DuparaAcircthorn a[y-Im-ewthorn aWn-]-hm-fhpw KZy-km-ln-Xy-hpw Iqmacrpw IqSn-bm-laquohpw KZy-macrnsacirc hnIm-k-macrnAcirc sNep-macrnb kzm[o-w Blaquo-]-Im-c-sectfpw Ia-Zo-]n-I-I-fpwthorn frac14ymAgraveX-an-gvthorn `mjm-]-c-amb ]tXy-I-X-IAuml
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hmg-cedil-n-Aringn-im-kw thorn frac14Agravethorn1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
2 `mjm-Iu-S-eobw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
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42
3 iqAgravecedil-W-Jmbrvbarw thorn frac14Agravethorn 1 Dsup2-cWw (tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 2
sshtZ-in-I-kzm-[o-wthorn anj-W-dn-am-cpsS BK-a-wthorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bviexclp-minusmb hfAgraveumlthorn DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-tZm-kvthorn Auml-Snthorn kwtpound-]-th-ZmAgravedegwthorn ]ptAtilde-en-Ip-copypthorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-IwthorntPmAgraveOumlv ammacrsup3 KpminusAgravelaquov XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h--IAumlthorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse KZyw-thorn hfrac14v
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 DZ-bw-t]-cqAgrave kp-l-Z-knsacirc Imtm--IAuml Hparamw tbmK hnNmcw thorn kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb (FUn)
2 hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvXIw thorn BZy-]mZw
samUyqAuml 3
ae-bmf KZy-macrnsacirc B[p-o-I-c-Wwthorn Auml-Sn-bpsS hym]-wthorn ]X-sectAuml Bp-Im-en-I-sectAumlthorn hnhAgravemacr--sectAumlthorn ]mT-]p-kvXI nAgravefrac12n-Xnthorn kmlnXy ncq-]-W-macrnsacirc BZy-Llaquow
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 arK-bm-kva-c-W-IAuml thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 hen-b-tIm-bn-macr-frac14p-cmsup3 2 kmln-Xy-kmlyw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 3 ae-bm-f-ssien thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave (BZysmacr aqparav A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 4
KZy-c-N--bnse ]pXn-b-k-ao-]--sectAumlthorn ]mYacutem-Xy-km-ln-Xy-am-Xr-I-I-fpsS t]c-W-Ifpw kzm[n--sect-fpwthorn ]pXn-b-hm-iexclp-Ifpw `mjm-L-S-bpwthorn `mjm-K-Zy-macrnsacirc sshhn-[ywthorn Poh-N-cn-Xwthorn Bszlig-I-Y kvac-W-IAuml bmXm-hn-h-c-W-sectAuml sshUacutem-nI kmlnXyw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Bbpw AAcirc]w sXepbrvbarpw thorn F]n DZ-b- m-p(DZ-b-`m-p-hnsacirc sXc-sordf-SpmacrD]-ym-k-sectAumlUnkn _pIvkv)
2 mS-Im-`n-bw Nne Nn -Ifpw kvac-W-Ifpw thorn ssIn-iexclc Ipam-c-]nAring
3 Noacuten-tcedilmb HtcSv thorn Fw-BAgrave _n (apJ-Om-b-IAuml) 4 s]regp-sIm-macrnb hmiexclv thorn imc-Z-iexclplaquon 5 Xnc-samgn thorn ]n]n cma-N-microsup3
sse_dn sdtiexclm-AgraveUnteiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw 5 Fregw)
1 hn-Sn `laquo-Xn-cn-cedilmSv thorn Iregocpw Inmhpw 2 Ipaumln-cedilpg IrjvW-]nAring thorn Ipaumlp-cedilpg IrjvW-]n-Aring-bpsS sXc-sordf-Spmacr ]_-Ocirc-sectAuml 3 cmPsup3 Imiexcl-m-Ssup3 thorn lna-hmsacirc apIAumlmacr-laquonAcirc 4 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bp-sS IY 5 ]pXp-tEgravecn cma-N-microsup3 thorn ]mNo ae-bmfw 6 ]nsP tXmakv thorn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-n-Ifpw 7 H-A_p thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw
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43
8 tUm]nhn them-bp-[sup3]nAring thorn a[y-Ime ae-bmfw 9 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Ipdn-amw 10 nXy-ssN-X-y-bXn thorn Kpcphpw injypw
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 tUm ]nsI mcm-b-W-cedilnAring thorn ]mNo--a-e-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml tIc-f-kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
2 tUmFwFw ]pcp-tjm- -asup3mbAgravethorn ]mNo `mjmKZyam-Xr-I-IAuml Imen-iexclaumlv kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
3 sI-kmw-_-in-h-imkvXn hnF cma-kzm-an-imkvXn thorn `mjm-Iu-S-eo-bw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime
4 tUm sIFw ]`m-I-c-hm-cn-bAgrave thorn ae-bmfw amaumlhpw hfAgraveuml-bpw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTwipI-]pcw
5 tUm-]nhn them-bp-[sup3 thorn a[ym-Ime ae-bm-fw Icacircv _pIvkv 6 kn-FAcirc BacircWn thorn `mjm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 7 sI-Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cyAgrave tUm-]n-Fsup3 cho-microsup3(kfrac14m-Z-IAgrave) thorn aem-bm-f-`m-jm-]-T--sectAuml tIc-f-`m-jm-Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
8 sI -c-Xvfrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cn-Xwthorn Fgp-macr-Ntildesup3 hsc Icacircv _pIvkv
9 Cfw-Ipfw Ipordfsup3]nAring thorn tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-sectAuml Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv
10 tUm _m_p sNdn-bmsup3 tPiexcl_v sFkiexclv thorn Uacutem-n-tpound-]w-thorn-]m-T-hpw ]mT-hpw
]`mXv _pIvkv 11 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am--]p-kvX-Iw Fsup3 _n-Fkv 12 Fw-P-b-cmPv thorn ae-bmf Auml-Sn-am-[y-awthorn `qXhpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw
amXr-`qan _pIvkv 13 Pn Ia-efrac12 thorn ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ASn-th-cp-IAuml Icacircv _pIvkv 14 sI-cm-a-N-microsup3 mbAgrave thorn tIc-f-hAgravefrac12 kvac-W tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 15 G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 thorn kmln-Xy-km-lyw Fkv-]n-kn-Fkv 16 Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn thorn Xmbvsam-gn Unkn _pIvkv 17 sIFw tKmhn thorn BZn-ap-ZWw `mc-X-macrnepw tIc-f-macrnepw
(Auml-Sn-bpsS Ncn-Xw) tIc-f-km-lnXy Aiexclm-Zan 18 DAringqAgrave thorn tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn-Xw tIcf kAgraveAElig-I-em-ime 19 Fsup3 IrjvW-]nAring thorn ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 20 Fkv Kp]vXsup3 mbAgrave thorn KZyw ]nparanlaquo hgn-IAuml 21 Sp-hlaquow tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 thorn Bszlig-I-Ym-km-lnXyw 22 tUm sI-Fw-tPmAgraveOumlv thorn Poh-N-cn-X-km-lnXyw 23 kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn anj-dn ae-bmf KZy-am-Xr-I-IAuml 24 kvIdnbm kiexcl-dnb thorn cminusp ]mNo KZy-Ir-Xn-IAuml 25 Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyq-X-p-regn
kmap-hAcirc Nmicro--cedilAringn thorn hAgravemacr-am ]pkvX-I- nv Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI 26 Fw cmL-h-hAgravefrac12-cm-Pm `Ko-cYn Afrac12-X-frac14p-cmsup3 thorn G-BAgrave cmPcmP-hAgravefrac12
27 jwkp-plusmnosup3 sIH thorn amcediln-f-a-e-bm-fw en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv tImgn-tiexclmSv
28 Snasup3kq-d-en (FUn) thorn Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-]-T--sectAuml hNw _pIvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
29 kn-Fsup3 Al-frac12Zv aue-hn sIsI aql-frac12Zv A_vZpAuml Icnw thorn al-macrmb amcediln-f-km-ln-Xy-]m-c-frac14cyw
BkmZv _piexclvIgravemAuml tImgn-tiexclmSv
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44
MAL6B13
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 13 ]uckvXyknsup2m-acute-sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
]T-tm-tplusmniyw `mc-Xob kumicro-cy-imkvX ]sup2-Xn-I-fpsS kmamy kz`mhw a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I kmln-Xym-kz-mZ-smacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-tXm-sSmcedilw kmln-Xy-]-T--sectsf hni-I-ew sNiquestm-pAring Ignhv kzmb-macr-am-iexclp-I ae-bm-f-km-lnXy ncq-]-Wsmacr iagraven-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-XnAcirc ZmhnU kwkvIrX Imhy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml hlnuml ]brvbarn-s-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-[m-cW
samUyqAuml 1
Ihn Imhyw klr-Z-bsup3 Fparao kwUacute-Isf `mc-Xo-b-amb ImgvN-cedilm-SnAcirc a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I ckw [zn coXn KpWw Ae-brvbarm-cw Fparao kbrvbar-ev]--sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb ]T-w i_vZ-i-agraven-IAumlthorn A`n-[ epoundW hy-RvP- (nAgraveAElig-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 Imhy-tl-Xp-iexclAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn (ImhyNnacute) 2 `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse KpW-]-I-cWw iv_vZmAgravedeg-]-I-c-W-w [zn ]I-c-W-w ck-]-I-c-W-w (nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw)
samUyqAuml 2
Imhy-]-tbm-P-smacr kw_-Ocircnuml kwkvIr-Xm-Nm-cy-middotm-cpsS hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-sectAuml `c-Xsup3 afrac12-Ssup3 `ma-lsup3 ZTHORNn Ip -Isup3 XpS-sectn-b-h-cp-tSXv
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
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45
1 KpW-]-I-cWw thorn `mjm-`q-jWw(KpW-sect-fpsS nAgraveh-N-hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw amXw aXn)
2 Cacuteysup3 kmlnXy knsup2m- w ]k-agraven-bpw km[y-Xbpw thorn Aiquest-cedil-]-Wn-iexclAgrave (BZy cminusv A[ym-b-sectAuml)
samUyqAuml 3
hrmacrwthorn ae-bmf Ihn-X-bnAcirc hrmacr-macrn-pAring Oslashmwthorn hrmacrhpw Xmfhpw thornhr-macr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ][m hrmacr-sectAuml hni-Z-]-T--macrn-vthorn hrmacr-sect-fpsS Xmc-Xayw
hni-Z-]-T-- nv
1 hrmacr-a-RvP-cn-bnse ]cn-`m-jm-]-I-c-Wwthorn kwkvIrX hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw `mjm hrmacr-sect-fp-sSbpw s]mXp kz`m-hhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Adnordfn-cn-iexclWw kwkvIrX hrmacr-sectAumlthorn Ap-jvTp-cedilv Cmicro-h-P ctYm-sup2-X ZqX-hn-fw-_n-Xw hk- -Xn-e-Iw amen-n amicrom-Im-acutem imAgraveZqe-hn-Io-Un-Xw kKvUmw hntbm-Kn-n ]pjv]n-Xm-K Fparanh hni-Z-]-T-w `mjm hrmacr-sect-fnAcirc Infn-cedilmlaquov X-cw-Kn-Wn inXm-K aRvP-cn tXm-para-X
samUyqAuml 4
Ae-brvbarm-cwthorn `mjm-`q-j-W- nse Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv kmam-y-amb [mc-W-thWw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv `mjm-`q-j-W-macrnse Ae-brvbarm-c-hn- -P-hpw hn`m-K-sectfpw Ae-brvbarm-c-macrnsacirc ]kagraven kmtaymagraven hn`mKw thorn D]-athorn cq]-Iw DAcirct]pound ]Xn-h-kvXp-]-a-Zr-jvSm-acutew A]-kvXp-X-]-iw-k Zo]Iw AXn-i-tbm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn cq]-Im-Xn-i-tbm-agraven hnti-tjm-agraven DtAtilde-Jw hntcm-[m-`mkw hmkvX-thm-agraven-hn-`m-Kwthorn kz`m-thm-agraven kap-uml-bw Adegm-]-macrn Imhy-enw-Kw AAgravedegm- -c-ymkw tCcediltjmagraven hn`mKw thorn tCcediljw kam-tkm-agraven Fparao AAgravedegm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml ]mkw Ap-]m-kw tOIm-p-]m-kw ZznXo-bm-pound-c-]m-kw baIw Fparao i_vZm-e-brvbarm-c-sectAuml Cu Ae-brvbarm-c-sectsfAtildemw hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS kmay-hy-Xym-k-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexcl-Ww Ae-brvbarm-c-sect-fpsS epoundW ka-zbw km[y-am-iexclWw klm-b-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn Sn `mkvI-csup3 2 Imhy-ao-amwk thorn sI kpIp-am-c-cedilnAring 3 `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-kn-sup2m- -sectAuml thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 4 Ae-brvbarm-c-imkvXw ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANypX-pregn 5 coXn-ZAgraveiw thorn Nmmacr-mmacrv ANyp-X-pregn 6 hrmacr-hn-Nmcw thorn sIsI hmsup2ymAgrave 7 hrmacr-inev]w thorn Iplaquon-Ir-jvW-am-cmAgrave 8 hrmacr-imkvXw thorn tUm-Snhn amXyp 9 hniz-km-ln-Xy-ZAgravei--sectAuml thorn sAtilden-iexclAcirc apc-fo-[-csup3 10 `mjm-`q-jWw thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12 11 hrmacr-a-RvPcn thorn G-BAgrave cmP-cm-P-hAgravefrac12
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46
12 Xmc-X-ay-Im-hy-imkvXw thorn kn cmtP-microsup3 13 Imhy-Po-hn-X-hrmacrn thorn ]n IrjvWsup3m-bAgrave 14 kmln-Xy- q-jWw thorn Iplaquon-Ir-Wjvam-cmAgrave 15 Imhy-]o-TnI thorn tPmk^v apminus-tEgravecn -
MAL6B14
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 14 h-kw-kvImc ]T--sectAuml
]T--k-a-bwthorn80 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw kwkvImc ]T--smacr-iexclp-dn-umlp-apAring ]mNo-hpw ho--hp-amb kbrvbarAcirccedil-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
2 h-kw-kvImc ]Tw `uXnI Xe-macrnepw _uXnI-X-e-macrnepw Hcp t]mse kzm[ow sNep-macrppara hyh-lm-c-sectAuml krjvSn-iexclp-parap Aiexclm-Z-anIv Xe-sect-fnAcirc Ch Gsd ]k-agraveam-Wv frac12psS cmjvSob kmaqly ]cn-k-c-sect-fnAcirc Ch Fsects kparan-th-in-iexcl-scedil-laquon-cn-iexclpparap FparapAring nco-pound-Whpw kmamy Ah-t_m-[-ap-minusm-iexclepw Cu tImgvknsacirc epoundy-am-Wv
3 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc kbrvbarAcirc]--sectAuml ae-bmf kmlnXy ]T--macrnv klm-b-I-am-hp-para-sX-sect-s-sb-para-Xn-s-iexclp-dnumlv [mcW tSpI
4 kwkvIm-c-]-T--macrnsacirc tIc-fob amXr-I-IAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-macrp-para-Xnv 5 ka-Im-enI tIc-fob Pohn-X-macrnse kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv-sectAuml hni-I-ew sNiquestmsup3 Bh-iy-amb ssksup2m-acutenI Uacutemw BAgravePn-iexclp-para-Xnv
samUyqAuml 1
kwkvImcw nAgraveh-N-wthorn kao-]--sectAumlthorn ]Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn `mjbpw kwkvIm-c-hpwthorn kwkvIm-chpw mK-cn-I-X-bpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc Xe-sectAuml tZio-b-X ]mtZ-in-I-Xthorn At_m-[-]qAgraveh-amb BAgraveP-hwthorn t_m[-]qAgraveh-amb nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kwkvImc ]T--macrnse kmfrac14-Zm-bnI ne-]m-Sp-IAumlthorn kmwkvIm-cnI `uXo-I-hm-Zwthorn bqtdm-]ysup3 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc BZy-Ime coXn-im-kvXw
P-]n-b-kw-kvIm-cwthorn Duml-kw-kvIm-cwthorn oN-kw-kvIm-cwthorn kwkvIm-c-hy-h-km-bwthorn A]-c-Xz-nAgravefrac12m-Wwthorn kXym-tz-j-W-sectAumlthorn P-]n-b-kmln-Xywthorn kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexcl-dnumlv amXyq AAgravetWmAumlsacircbpw F^v BAgrave eohn-kn-sacircbpw sdbvaminusv hneyw-kn-sacircbpw hopound-W-sectAumlthorn kwkvImc ]T-hpw kwkvImc ncq-]-Whpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-kw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-c-]-T-hpw thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 2 ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnAcirc ae-_m-sdpara]cq-]-w
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47
ae-_mAgrave tZio-b-X-bpsS CS-]m-Sp-IAuml thorn FwSn Asup3kmcn 3 h-o-sminusSptiexclminus adhnbpw amaumlnshiexclepw thorn ]nsI t]miexclAgrave (BZy teJw)
samUyqAuml 2
]cn-OslashnXn kmln-Xywthorn kumicro-cy-im-kvXwthorn lcnX cmatildeo-bwthorn tKmX-kw-kvIr-Xnthorn ImAgravejnI kwkvIr-Xnthorn ]cn-OslashnXn ka-c-sectAumlthorn ]Oslashm--sectAumlthorn sskeacircv hmen Nn]vtIm Agravefrac12-Zm-_-umlmthm Btacutem-fsup3 sup1mumln-a-Sthorn Fsup3tUm-kAuml^msup3
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnsacirc ]cn-t]poundyw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 (DAgraveh-c-X-bpsS Xmfw)
2 kwkvImcw Bhmk hyh-Oslash-sbpara ne-bnAcirc thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (kwkvIm-c-]-Tw NcnXw knsup2m-acutew ]tbmKw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXohm-Zwthorn enwKw ssewKnIw Fparao ]cn-I-ev]--IAumlthorn DS-se-gp-macrvthorn s^an-n-k-macrnse hyXykvX Nnacutem-[m-c-IAumlthorn kmaqly kvXohm-Zw Ctiexclm s^an-n-kwthorn amAgraveIvknIgravev s^an-n-kw CEacutem-anI kvXohm-Zw raquomiexclv s^an-n-kw ae-bm-f-macrnse s^an-nIgravev Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Ifpw s]sreg-gp-macrp-I-fpwthorn kmln-Xy- nepw `mj-bnepw kvXohmZ kzm[o-w
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Aumlm-abviexclp kfrac14-hn-umlXv thorn sI BAgrave aoc 2 Ipe-Sbviexclpw Ipeo-bviexclpw Acedilpdw enwK-t`-Z-hn-Nmcw kc-Xz-Xn-b-frac12bpsS IrXn-I-fnAcirc (k-c-kz-Xn-b-frac12-bpsS kfrac14qAgraveW-IrXnI-fpsS BapJw thorn sP tZ-hn-I)
3 Hmtcm Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS DAringnepw thorn kmdm-tPm-k^v
samUyqAuml 4
ZfnXv kbrvbar-ev]-wthorn kmln-Xywthorn ]m -h-XvIrX hn`m-K-sect-fpsS Bszlig-]-Im-i--sectAumlthorn tKmX Km-sectAumlthorn mSsup3 ]mlaquop-IAumlthorn thm-Ugravem cN--IAumlthorn ZfnXv Nn -bpsS hfAgraveuml CparapAring AhOslash
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kc-kzXo hnPbw thorn t]mtmacrcn Ipordffrac14p 2 ZfnXv kmlnXy ]Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm-macr-asup3(Zfn-Xsup3 Bcm-Wv ZfnXv
kmlnXyw Facutev Facutenv Fparao A[ym-b-sectAuml amXw tIcf kmlnXyAiexclm-Z-an2008)
3 Fcn thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14n-cn-iexclpparav
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (5 Fregw)
1 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicrocy imkvX-macrn-sm-cm-ap-Jw thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 2 IminusAcirciexclm-Sp-IAumliexcln-S-bnAcirc Fsacirc PohnXw thorn s]miexclp-Ssup3 3 Fsup3a-IsP thorn A_nw-Im-kp-Xsup3 asectmSv 4 ZenXv kmlnXyw thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 5 abn-efrac12 Hcp PohnXw thorn Bszlig-IY 6 PmXn-iexclpfrac12n thorn sI]n Idp-cedilsup3 7 arK-in-pound-Isup3 thorn hnP-b-epoundvan
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48
8 kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc cmatildeobw thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 9 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw Hcm-apJw thorn ]n]n cho-microsup3 10 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 11 ZfnXv kumicro-cy-imkvXw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
klm-bI -K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 kvXohmZw thorn sP-tZ-hn-I- Unkn _pIvkv 2 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm-Fw-Fw _joAgrave en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn- D-jm-Ip-amcn Fsup3-_n-Fkv 4 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn sskIXw _pIvkv 5 kvXo-kvXo-hm-ZwkvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI-im-c-Zm-a-Wn Unkn _pIvkv 6 BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww-kvXo-]-IrXn thorn hmicro-m-inh 7 kvXohn-tam-N-w Ncn-Xw knsup2macutew
kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sIFw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc b--_pIvkv IregqAgrave
8 _psup2-n-te-iexclpAring Zqcw thorn sIsI sImumlv Unkn _pIvkv 9 ]cn-OslashnXn ]T--macrnv Hcm-apJw thorn F-A-umlp-Xsup3 tIcfimkvX-km-ln-Xy-
]-cn-jmacrv2013 10 Xn-c-kvIr-X-cpsS cNm `q]Sw thorn HsI ktacutem-jv ssaXn-_p-Ivkv Xncp-h-- -]pcw 11 lcn-X-ZAgraveiw B[p-n-Im--acutec
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn tUm-kn-BAgrave ]km-Zv skUv sse_dn Xncp-h- -]pcw
12 IYbpw ]cn-Oslashn-Xnbpw thorn Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 Icacircv _pIvkv 13 ]cn-OslashnXn kumicro-cy-im-kvX-macrnv
Hcp apJ-hpc thorn Sn]n kpIp-am-csup3 t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv 14 ZfnXv kmln-Xy-]-Oslashmw thorn sIkn ]pcp-tjm- -asup3 tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-A-iexclm-Z-an2008 15 Zfn-Xsacirc tmhpw nhpw
mSsup3 ]mlaquop-I-fnAcirc thorn tUm Ipam-csup3 sshte-cn ]mcediln-tbmnot 16 hb-m-Ssup3 cmam-b-Ww thorn Akokv Xcp-hW amXr-`qan 17 ZfnXv kzXzw cmjvSo-bw ae-bmf
Ihn-X-bnAcirc thorn Fw-A- n-em-jv enJnXw _pIvkv 18 ZfnXv Nn -IAuml thorn sKbvAcirc Hmw shmacrv amXr-`qan 19 kmwkvIm-cnI hnaAgravei-- nv
Hcp coXn-imkvXw thorn sPsP ]Aringmacrv 20 kwkvIm-chpw kzmX-acuteyhpw thorn Fw-Fsup3 hnP-bsup3 21 ZfnXv `mj thorn Ihn-bqAgrave apcfn 22 Iogmf PohnX apZ-IAuml thorn tUm-]nPn ]szlignn 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3-P-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 24 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP-tZ-hn-I tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-jmacrv 25 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPm-dmWn amXyq ssIc-fn-_p-Ivkv IregqAgrave 26 PmXnsb enwK-h-XvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam-N-I-hAgravemacrn (hnhthorn ]n-Fkv atm-PvIp-amAgrave-
amXr-`qan _pIvkv) 27 ZfnXv hAgravemacr-amw thorn (FUn)cmtPjv Nnd-cedilm-laquov ssaXn-_pIvkv
Xncp-h-- -]pcw 28 ImWp-parao-sem-c-pound-chpw thorn Fw_n atm-Pv-Unkn _pIvkv 29 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw N-cnXw knsup2macutew
]tbmKw thorn ae-bmf]T--kw-Lw hAring-tmacrmAuml hnZym-]oTw 30 kwkvIm-c-]-Tw thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 31 CS-s]-S-ep-IAuml thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv 32 B[p-m-Im-acutecwhnNm-cw hmb thorn cho-microsup3 ]n]n Unkn _pIvkv
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49
33 kmwkvImcn ]T--sectAumlkwkvIm-chpw thm-XvYmhpw thorn ]n-tKm-hn-micro-]nAring Nnacute ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3
34 tZio-b-Xbpw kmln-Xy-sectfpw -thorn Chn cma-Ir-jvWsup3 35 ZfnXv ]Tw kzXzw kwkvImcw
kmlnXyw thorn ]Zo-]sup3 ]mfrac14-cn-Ipparav
MAL6B16
KthjWcoXnimkvXw
]T--k-a-bwthorn64 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlvthorn2
DtplusmniysectAuml
1AtzjWw]Tw XpSsectnb AiexclmZanI hyhlmcsectfnAcirc BszlighnizmktmacrmsS
CSs]SpparaXnv ]m]vXntSpI
2 UacutemmtzjWmacrnepw UacutemnAgraveanXnbnepw Xmev]cyw PncedilniexclpI
3 ]_OcirccNbpsS coXnimkvXsmacr kw_Ocircnumlv ]mYanI [mcWtSpI
4KthjWmacrnsacirc ]kagravenbpw ]m[myhpw XncnumldnbpI
5 `mjmkmlnXy ]Tmacrnsacirc KthjW taJeIfpw km[yXIfpw XncnumldnbpI
BapJw
AtzjW]Tsectsfbpw AdnhpnAgraveamWsmacrbpw AiexclmZanIhyhlmcambn IminuspsImminusv AXnsacirc coXnimkvXsmacriexclpdnumlv [mcWtSpIbmWv Cu ]mTy]sup2XnsImminusv ][mambpw DtplusmniniexclpparaXv t]mPIcircneqsSbpAring ]mtbmKnI Ap`hmacrnp ]Icw XncsordfSpiexclmhppara tImgvkv FparanebnAcirc XmXznI]Tsmacr amXw apsup3nAgravemacrnbmWv ]mTy]sup2Xn XiquestmdmiexclnbncniexclpparaXv KthjW ]TsectfpsS ]kagraven XncnumldnordfpsImminusv kzbw]Tw hnaAgraveimszligI Nnacute hniIe ]mShw Fparanh ]cnioeniexclmsup3 ]tNmZw AcircIppara hn[macrnemWv CXp hnnabw sNtiquestminusXv
samUyqAuml 1
nAgravehNw ( tPmnot Uraquonbp s_Igravev)- - khntijXIAuml - KthjW hnjbw -BIckmaKnIAuml - ]qAgraveAElig]TsectfpsShnebncpmacrAcirc - ]cnIev]
hniZ]Tw
1aebmf KthjWmacrnsacirc coXnimkvXw amXrIIAuml Ap`hsectAuml km[yXIAuml
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50
- kvIdnb kiexcldnb
(KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017)
samUyqAuml 2
KthjWmacrnsacirc hAgravecurrenoIcWw ssksup2macutenI KthjWw - ]mtbmKnI KthjWw ndash hnhcWmszligIw - NcnXmszligIw - cq]oIcWmszligIw - Zratildemacute]Tw kAgravetAElig - aqeynAgraveWb KthjWw - XmcXay]sup2Xn - AacuteAgravesshUacutemnI KthjWw
hniZ]Tw
1 ]mtZinI NcnXw amdppara ImgvNcedilmSv -ndash tUmFw BAgrave cmLhhmcnbAgrave (NcnXw coXnimkvX ]TsectAuml XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmfkAgravehIemime 2016)
samUyqAuml 3
]_OcirccN-(BapJw Dt]mXvLmXw - ]_Ocircicocw - D]kwlmcw D]ZAgraveiw - - _nraquontbmK^n - -Ap_Ocircw)
hniZ]Tw
1t^mIv-temAgrave ^oAcircUvhAgraveiexclv Hcp kmwkvImcnImtzjWw ndash --tUmkn BAgrave cmPtKm]mesup3
(KthjWcoXnimkvXw knsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpwFUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3 hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017)
klmbIKUgravesectAuml
1KthjW]Thpw coXnimkvXhpw AdnhpAcirc]mZmacrnsacirc ]pXphgnIAuml
FUnaumlAgraveamAgrave tUmAnXIpamcn tUmcm[mIrjvWsup3 CfbnSmacrv XpcopysmacrgpmacrNtildesup3 aebmf kAgraveAEligIemime ]knsup2oIcWw 2017
2 KthjWw ]_OcirccNbpsS XXzsectAuml ndash - Nmmacrmmacrv ANypXpregn
(hAringtmacrmAuml hnZym]oTw ipI]pcw)
3 KthjW ]thinI ndash tUm Fw hn hnjvWpfrac14qXncn
4 kmlnXyKthjWmacrnv coXnimkvXw ndash tUmUn _copyansup3
( amfp_sup3 ]raquontiexcljsup3kvXncphacute]pcw 2012)
5 NcnXKthjW coXnimkvXw ndash Cu io[csup3 ]cn`mj ]n ]n kXysup3
( tIcf `mjmCsup3Igravenaumlyqlaquov Xncphacute]pcw2010)
6 KthjW coXnimkvXw ndashtUmSphlaquow tKm]meIrjvWsup3
7 KthjWcoXnimkvXwknsup2macutehpw ]tbmKhpw
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51
FUnAacuteAgravetUmsIFkvanYpsup3hAringtmacrmAumlhnZym]oTwipI]pcw hnXcWwmjWAcirc _piexclv IgravemAuml tImlaquobw 2017
MAL6B17
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv
kvXo]-T--sectAuml ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I
2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI
4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t -Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI
7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
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52
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) ( tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac12 3 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm-cedilnAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
1 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3
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53
2 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 3 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 4 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI 5 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 6 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 7 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 8 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 9 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 10 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 2 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv 3 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 4 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 5 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 6 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 7 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 8 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 9 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv)
10 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp (ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
11 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 12 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 13 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v 14 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 15 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 16 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 17 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 18 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 19 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 20 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 21 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 22 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 23 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
24 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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54
MAL6B18
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Ce-IvSohv t]cedilAgrave thorn 03
am[y-a-]-Tw ]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUnaumlv 3 Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 Bi-b-hn-n-a-b- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
2 hnhn[ Bib- hnn-a-b-ta-J-e-I-fpsS km[yX Xncn- -dn-bp-I
3 _lp-P kwth-Zw (amkv Ifrac12yq-Wn-tiexcl-jsup3) ]Yacutem- -ew am[y-a-]-T--macrnsacirc coXn-
imkvXw Fparan-h-sb-iexclp-dnumlv [mc-W-bp-minusm-iexclp-I
4 am[y-a-]-hAgravemacr-- nsacirc am-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlpw (Ub-sasup3jsup3kv) XXzsectsfiexclp-dnumlpw kmam-y-t_m-
[-ap-minusm-iexclp-I
5 B[p-nI kmtbrvbar-XnIhnZy-I-fpsS ]cn-io-e-- n-eqsS am[y-a-]-hAgravemacrw Fpara
sXmgnAcirc taJ-e-tbm-SpAring A`n-cpNn hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Auml-Sn Zriy-thorn-im-hy-thorn-CacircAgravesaumlv taJ-e-I-fnAcirc `mj-bpsS ]tbm-K-ssh-hn-[y-sectAuml
]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- p-I
7 kmaq-ln-I cmjvSob kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-k-c-sectsf nb-acuten-iexclppara am[y-a-sect-sf-iexclp-dnumlv hnaAgravei--
_p-sup2n-tbmsS ]Tn-iexclmpw hne-bn-cp- mpw ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-I
8 h-am-[y-a-sect-fpsS km[y-X-IAuml Xncn- -dn-bp-I
9 am[y-a-sect-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmK km[y-X-Ifpw Zpjv-]-h-W-X-Ifpw Xncn- -dn-bp-I
sam-UyqAuml thorn 1
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55
Bi-b-hn-n-abw thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab ]In-b-bpsS LS-I-sectAuml thorn hyXy-kvX- Bi-b-hn-n-ab
coXn-IAuml thorn _lp-Pkfrac14Agraveiexcl am[y-a-sectAuml thorn nAgraveAElig-Nw thorn Ah-bpsS ]hAgravemacr-hpw [Agravefrac12hpw thorn LS-I-
sectAuml ^e-sectAuml thorn BtKm-fo-I-c-Whpw am[y-a-sectfpw thorn am[y-ahpw kwkvImc cq]o-I-c-Whpw thorn am[y-a-
macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cmjvSob ]Xn-_-sup2-X-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 2
Auml-Sn-am-[yaw thorn dntcedilmAgravelaquonwKv thorn hmAgravemacrbpsS LS- icocw thorn ]mX- nsacirc LS thorn hmAgravemacrm-ti-J-cWw thorn
]X- mj thorn ^oumlAgrave A`n-apJw tImfw apJ-]kwKw thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn hn]-W--Xacutew thorn ]X-kzm-Xacuteyw thorn
te-Hulaquov thorn Ce-kvtS-jsup3 thorn Im]vjsup3 thorn kmln-Xy- n-sacircbpw `mj-bp-tSbpw taJ-e-bnAcirc ]X-macrnsacirc
kw`m-h-
sam-UyqAuml thorn 3
tdUntbm thorn am[y-a- nsacirc khn-ti-j-X-IAuml thorn ]tpound-]-W- nsacirc NcnXw thorn hnhn[ tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-
IAuml thorn A`n-ap-Jw hmAgravemacrm XOtilde-ab ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml hntm-Zhpw hnUacutem--hpw ]`m-j-Ww ^oumlAgrave mS-
Iw ZrIvkmpoundn hnh-cWw hnZym- ymk ImAgravejnI ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml thorn P-]n-b-X P-kzm-[o-w
sSen-hn-jsup3 BhnAgrave`m-hw hnImkw thorn sSen-hn-jsup3 kwt]-jWw Cacutey-bnepw tIc-f- nepw thorn hmAgravemacr thorn
hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IAuml
sam-UyqAuml thorn 4
knna thorn DZv`-hw hfAgraveuml thorn khn-ti-j-X-IAumlthorn knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn Ap-I-Acirccedilw thorn Bkzm-Zw thorn
ncq-]Ww thorn ^oumlAgrave^nenw thorn tUmIyp-saacircdn thorn FUn-aumlnwKv thorn i_vZ-te-Jw thorn Iem-aq-eyhpw hmWnPy
XmXv]-cy-sect-fpw
h-am-[y-a-sectAuml thorn Bi-b-hn-n-ab cwKsmacr ]pXnb hnIm-k-sectAuml thorn ssk_Agrave CS-sect-fp-sS km[y-X-Ifpw
]cnan-Xn-Ifpw thorn sh_vssk-aumlv traquomKv Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml thorn C kmlnXyw thorn C _piexclv thorn
sh_v ]km-[w thorn ]Xo-Xn-bm-YmAgravedegyw thorn kmwkvIm-cnI A[n-n-thiw thorn hn]Wn thorn D]-t`mKw ]c-kyw
sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv (G-sX-brvbarnepw 5 F-regw am-Xw)
1 ae-bmf ]X-]-hAgravemacr NcnXw thorn ]pXp- Aringn cmL-hsup3
2 Csup3^-Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn thorn tUm AumlpXv ibrvbarAgrave
3 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw thorn Sn-hn kpoX
4 sSen-hn-jsup3 tPAgraveW-enkw thorn hn cmP-tKm-]mAcirc
5 ae-bmf knn-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
6 Zriy-imhy am[y-a-sectAuml thorn Hcp kwLw teJ-IAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov)
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56
7 kwkvIm-c- nsacirc cmjvSobw thorn sI kumln-Zm--microsup3
8 am[y-a-sectfpw ae-bmf kmln-Xyhpw thorn Fw hn tXmakv
9 P-]nb kwkvImcw thorn jmPn tPiexcl_v
10 knn-a kaq-lw ]Xyb imkvXw thorn cho-microsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 hrmacrmacute ]X]hAgravemacrw thorn kztZ-im- n-amn cma-Ir-jvW-]nAring
2 ]X-]-hAgravemacrw `npara-ap-J-sectAuml thorn tIc-f-]Ecircv Aiexclm-Zan
3 hmAgravemacr ]Xhpw hmAgravemacrbpw thorn tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]p-cw tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
4 dntcedilmAgravelaquonw-Kvthorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
5 kfrac14qAgravereg ]X-kw-hn-[mw thorn tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
6 hmAgrave -bpsS inAcirc]-ime thorn Fsup3-Fsup3-k-Xy-]-Xsup3
7 ]X-temIw thorn Sn thWp-tKm-]m-esup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
8 Zriy- mj thorn sI-F-kv cmP-ti-J-csup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
9 B temIw apXAcirc C temIw hsc thorn tUm sP hnf-new
10 Ne- n-Xmacrnsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tI-cf `mjmCsup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov
11 ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS IY thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 amXr- qan _pIvkv
12 Hcp knna Fsect-s-bp-minusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacutem ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3kv
13 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn hn-sI tPmk^v
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3
15 ImgvNbpsS Aimacuten thorn hn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3
16 knn-a-bpsS CS-sectAuml thorn kn-hn-_m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
17 NnXw Ne- nXw thorn abrvbarS chn-hAgravefrac12
18 ^nenw Ub-d-poundsup3 thorn kmPsup3 sXcp-h- pg
19 am[y-a-sect-fpsS A[n-n-thiw thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ^msup3knkv Imc-bviexclm-laquov ]km-[w thorn tPAgraveW-enkw
hn`m-Kw tUmnott_mkvtIm tImtf-Pv IregqAgrave bqWn-th-gvkn-aumln
20 knn-a-bpsS hgn-bnAcirc thorn sF jnotap-J-Zmkv
21 am[y-a-]-T--sectAuml thorn FUn-aumlAgrave ]va- cma-N-microsup3 mbAgrave Un-kn _pIvkv
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57
MAL6B19
ska-IgraveAgravethorn6
tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohvthorn 3
ssk_Agrave ae-bmfw ]T--k-abw 54 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 4 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml
hnhckmtbrvbar-Xn-I-X-sb-cedilaumln kmam-y-ambpw ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-enI apJ-smacr-cedilaumln khn-ti-j-ambpw a-Ecircn-emiexcln AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-macrnAcirc Bhn-jvI-cn-iexclmsup3 ]Tn-Xm-iexclsf ]m]vX-cm-iexclpI ssk_Agrave kwkvIm-c-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw ssk_Agrave kmln-Xy-smacr-iexclp-dnumlpw Adnhv tSp-I ae-bm-f-macrnAcirc Fgp-macrn-sacircbpw hmb--bp-sSbpw ]-kn-sup2o-I-c-W-macrn-sacircbpw taJ-e-I-fnAcirc
ssk_AgravetemIw sNep-macrnb kzm[o--smacr-cedil-aumln-bpAring ssksup2m-acuten-Ihpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb kmam-y-Uacutemw Dminusm-iexclp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Kn-sacircbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-macrn-sacircbpw ka-Im-en-I-ap-
Jsmacrcedilaumln kmam-y-[m-cW AcircIp-I ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-KnAcirc ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-ew AcircIp-I CacircAgraves-aumlnse ae-bmfw DAring-Siexcl nAgravefrac12n-Xniexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf ]m]vX-cm-iexclp-Ibpw AhcpsS
]brvbarm-fnmacrw Dd-cedilp-h-cp-macrp-Ibpw sNiquestp-I ae-bm-f-`m-j-sbbpw kmln-Xy-smacrbpw ssk_AgravetemIw Fsects kzm[o-n-iexclp-parap-shparav Isminus-macrp-I taAcirc]-dordf taJ-e-I-fnse Kth-j-W-]-T--sectAumliexclv hnZymAgravedegn-Isf t]cn-cediln-iexclp-I
samUyqAumlthorn1 `mjm-km-tbrvbar-Xn-I-hn-Zy-thorn-A-Xnsacirc Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-khpw (km-am-y-ambn amXw) ae-bmf Auml-Sn-
bpsS Bcw-`w-thorn-tlmAgravemacrqkv ae-_m-dn-iexclq-kv-thorn-_-copy-ansup3 s_bven-thorn-Kp-minusAgravelaquov ssScedilv sdauml-dnsacirc IS-parap-hchvthorn-a-e-bmfw en]n ]cn-jvI-c-Ww-thorn-]-g-b-en-]nbpw ]pXnb en]n-bpw Ifrac14yq-laquoAgravethornA-Sn-Oslashm hnh-c-sectAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc XpS-iexclw hnhn[ Hmcedil-td-aumlnwKv knIgrave-sectAuml DS-a-OslashXm tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpw kzXacute tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dpw sUkvIvtSmcedilv ]raquon-jnw-Kv hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-bdpIAuml(Input Tools) cN- hnhn[ ae-bmfw t^mminusp-IAuml-thorn-bq-n-tImUv Fsup3tIm-UnwKv thorn bqn-tImUv
t^mminusp-IAuml ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonw-Knsacirc ka-Im-en-I-ap-Jwthorn OCR Text to speech Speech to Text Spell
checker Fparan-h-bpsS ae-bm-f-macrnse km[y-X-IAuml
samUyqAumlthorn2 FacutemWv Cthorn-km-lnXyw Cthorn-km-ln-Xy-macrnsacirc hnhn[ ]Xy-poundo-I-c-W-sectAuml ae-bmfw
sh_vssk-aumlp-IAuml sh_vt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Hmnotssesup3 hnUacutem--tIm-i-sectAuml-thorn-a-e-bmfw hniexcln-]o-Un-bbpw ktlm-Z-c-kw-cw- -sect-fmb hniexcln-K-Ugrave-im-e hniexcln-n-L-minusp hniexcln-sNm-Atildep-IAuml XpS-sectn-b-h-bpw-thorn-kAgraveAElig-hn-Uacutem--tImiw sh_v FUn-jsup3 kmln-Xy-kw_Ocircnbmb sh_vssk-aumlp-IAumlt]mAgravelaquo-ep-IAuml Cthorn-_p-iexclv Cthorn-sse-_-dn traquomKp-IAuml Fpara Aa-NzAgrave ]kn-sup2o-I-cW taJ-e _qtemIw (Malayalam blogsphere) knaumln-knot tPAgraveW-en-kw traquomKvkm-ln-Xyw
samUyqAumlthorn3 FacutemWv ssk_Agravekm-lnXyw ssk_Agrave imkvXtm-h-ep-IAuml ssk_Agrave ]brvbarp-IAuml XpS-sectn--b-h-
thorn- a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb tmh-ep-IAuml (Fw apIp-microsacirc rmacrw) ssk_Agrave hnj-b-I-amb kmln-Xy-hn-aAgravei--sectAuml ]T--sectAuml (]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3) Xnc-samgn (Hyper text)bpw hmb-bpw bmYmAgravedegyhpw ]XoXn bmYmAgravedegyhpw (Virtual Reality) ssk_Agrave kzXzw ae-bm-f-macrnse ssk_Agrave_-Ocirc-apAring ]Z-sectfpw ]tbm-K-sect-fpw
samUyqAumlthorn4 (]m-tbm-KnI ]cn-io-e-w)
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58
ae-bmfw Ifrac14yq-laquonwKv
hnhn[ ae-bmfw tkm^vaumlvsh-b-dp-Isfbpw Hcedilw en]y- -cW (Transliteration) tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-sfbpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-Ibpw bqn-tImUv t^mminusv D]-tbm-Knumlv Hcp aebmfw tkm^vaumlvshbAgrave Fbrvbarnepw ssIImcyw sNiquestmsup3 ]cn-io-en-iexclp-Ibpw thWw tmlaquov]mUv t]mepAring Hcp t_knIv FUn-aumlAgrave D]-tbm-Knumlv Umaumlm-Fsup3Sn ]cn-io-en-cediln-umlmAcirc aXn (ssS-cedilnw-Knsacirc thKX ]co-poundn-tiexcl-minus-Xn-Atilde) en]y- -cW tkm^vaumlvshbdpI-fmb hc-sam-gn samgn Ioamsup3 kz-teJ Fparan-h-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-S-Ww
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
1 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-f-Pn-thorn-tUm ANypXvibrvbarAgrave Fkv mbAgrave (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)2 B temIw apXAcirc Cthorn-temIw hsc-thorn-tUm sP-hn hnf-new (tI-cf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov 2000)3 CacircAgravesaumlpw Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 hnsup1-h-hpw-thorn-tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw 1999 6m-aXv FUn-jsup3)4 Csup3^Agraveta-jsup3 sSIvtm-fPn Facutev Fsect-s Facutenvthorn tUm _n CIv_mAcirc sI cho-microsup3 (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2003)5 ssk_Agrave ae-bmfwthornF-Un-aumlAgrave kpoX Sn-hn (I-dacircv _pIvkv XriqAgrave 2009)6 `mh-m-XoXw (a-e-bm-f-macrnse ssk_AgraveI-Y-IAuml)thorntUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkvtImlaquo-bw)7 GIm- --K-c-sectAuml-thorn-tUm ]n-sI cmP-ti-J-csup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw)8 `mhp-IXzw Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnAcirc-thorn-Pn a[p-kq-Z-sup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)9 rmacrw (tm-hAcirc)-thorn-Fw apIp-microsup3 (Un-kn _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw 2006)10 Ccp-]-macrn-sbmparamw qaumlm-minusnse ae-bmfw (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-hn Dregn-Ir-jvWsup3 CFw io[-csup3(am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 1999 sk]vXw-_Agrave 5 ]p8)11 Xnc-samgn (te-J-w)-thorn-]n-]n cma-N-microsup3 (`m-jm-t]m-jn-Wn 2008 sabv Pqnot)12 CacircAgravesaumlpw bqWn-tImUpw ae-bm-f-`mjm ]iv-sect-fpw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm atljv awK-emlaquov (am-Xr-`qan BgvN-cedil-Xn-cedilv 2006 s^_p-hcn 17 ]p85 eiexclw 51)13 traquomKnw-Kv-thorn-am-[y-a-tem-Ismacr hnsup1-h-h-gn-IAuml (te-J-w)-thorn-hn-sI BZAgraveiv (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xncedilv 2007 HIvtSm_Agrave 7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)14 Cthorn-km-lnXyw (te-J-w)-thorn-tUm Fw-Fsup3 Imc-tEgravecn (am-Xr-`qan BgvN- -Xn-cedilv 2007 HIvtSm-_Agrave7 ]p85 eiexclw 32)15 ae-bmfw traquomKp-IAuml-thorn-km-[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw (te-J-w)-thorn-kp-oX Sn-hn (`m-jm-km-ln-Xn2007 Unkw-_Agrave ]p 23 eiexclw 2)
16 Cyberspace-First steps (Article)-Michael Benedict (in Cyber Culture Reader-Ed David Bell) Routledge
London 2000
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59
MAL5D01
sk-a-kvaumlAgrave - VI
Hmcedilnot tImAgravekv - 01
Ne-umlnX ]Tw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUnaumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-sectAuml
1 hAgravemacr-am--Im-e- nse iagraveamb Zriy-am-[y-a-sapara ne-bnAcirc Ne- n-Xsmacrkw_-Ocircnumlv sauml-scedillaquo[mc-
W-IAuml hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
2 knn-a-bpsS DZv`hw hfAgraveuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp-I
3 Xnc-iexcl-Y kwhn-[m-w i_vZ-te-J-w FUn-aumlnwKv knn-am-tlaquom-Km^n Fparan-hsb kw_-Ocircnumlv kmam-
y-[m-cW tSp-I
4 Ne- n-X- nsacirc kumicro-cymw-i-sectAuml -Xn-cn- -dn-bmpw Bkz-Zn-iexclmpw hni-I-ew sNiquestm-p-apAring
ss]pWn hnI-kn- n-iexclp-I
5 Imw]kv ^nenwtUmIyp-saacircdn Fparanh ImWmpw Xiquestm-dm-iexclm-p-apAring XmAcirc]cyw hfAgravemacrp-I
6 Ne- nX NAgraveuml-IAuml kwhm-Z-sectAuml ncq-]-W-sectAuml ^nenw-cent-_p-IAuml Ne-umlnX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sectAuml Ne-
umln-X-ta-f-IAuml Fparan-h-bnAcirc ]brvbarm-fn-bm-hp-para-Xnpw Inbm-szlig-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-para-Xn-pAring tijn
hfAgravemacrp-I
[nAgravetplusmn-i-sectAuml Ne- nX]Tw sFNtilden-I-ambn FSp-iexclp-para-hAgrave Cacuteysup3 hntZ-i ae-bmf centmknIv knn-a-
IAuml ImWn-iexclp-Ibpw Ah-sb-iexclp-dnumlv NAgraveuml kwhm-Zw skan-mAgrave Fparanh kwL-Sn- n-tiexcl-minus-Xp-am-Wv
^nenw-cent-ordmp-IAumliexclv cq]w sImSp- p-sImminusv centordmnsacirc B`n-ap-Jy- nAcirc ^nenwtjmAgravelaquov ^nenwtUmIyp-
saacircdn s^Igravep-IAuml S-macrmpw Ah nAgravefrac12n-iexclmpw ian-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv sse_dn sdtiexclm-Un-te-iexclpAring
Assksup3saacircp-IAuml Bbn nAgravetplusmn-inuml knn-aIsf kw_-Ocircnuml Bkzm-Zw ncq-]Ww BWv Xiquestm-dm-
tiexcl-minus-Xv kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX- -amtbm
Xiquestm-dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw Cu sdtiexclmAgraveUnAcirc DAumlscedil-Sp-tmacrminusXmWv hni-Z-]-T-- nv AcircIn-bn-laquop-
ff Xnc-iexcl-Y-bpsS Ne- n-X-sectAuml ImWmsup3 nAgrave_-Ocirc-ambpw Ah-kcw Hcp-tiexcl-minus-Xm-Wv]
samUyqAuml thorn 1
Ne- nXIe-bpsS DZv`hw thorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-IX thorn t]gvkn-Igravesup3kv Hm^v hnjsup3 thorn kzm[o-hpw ]m[m-y-hpw thorn
_lp-Pam[yaw thorn P-]nbkwkvIm-chpw P-]nbknn-abpw
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60
samUyqAuml thorn 2
knn-a-bpsS Xcw Xncn-hp-IAuml thorn ^oumlAgrave ^nenw tjmAgraveSv ^nenw tUmIyp-saacirc-dn Bn-ta-jsup3 ^nenw thorn
XoUn ^nenw thorn Ne- nX`mj thorn icoc`mj thorn nEgrave_vZ knna thorn raquomiexclv Bsup3Uv sshaumlv knna thorn i_vZ
knna thorn IfAgraveknna thorn slmdAgrave tIma-Un ayqkn-iexclAcirc thorn Fparan-sect-s-bpAring Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-IAuml
samUyqAuml thorn 3
Cacuteysup3 knna thorn BZy-Ime knn-a-IAuml kXy-Pn-Xvtd EXznIv Llaquo-Iv arWmAumlsksup3 XpS-sectn-b-hAgrave S-
macrnb _wKmfnknn-a-bnse ]co-pound-W-sectAuml thorn Kncojv Imk-d-h-Aringn iymw s_-KAcirc XpS-sectn-b-h-cpsS
knn-a-IAuml knn-a-bnse kvXo ]Xn-n-[m--sectAuml thorn aocm mbAgrave A]Agraveregm-sksup3 Zo]-ta-
samUyqAuml thorn 4
Xnc-iexclYm cN thorn ASn-Oslashm XXz-sectAuml thorn Xnc-iexcl-Y-bnAcirc nparav knn-a-bn-te-iexclpAring amaumlw thorn Ap-IAcirccedilw----- --
thornNe- nXktbrvbarX-sectAuml kmamy]cn-Nbw thorn kosup3 tjmlaquov ^vsfbnw koIzsup3kv samminusmjv Fparanh kw_-
Ocircnuml [mcW thorn Ne- nXncq-]Ww thorn BZy-Ime
ncq-]-W-sectAuml thorn ka-Im-enI ncq-]Ww thorn kaq-lw kwkvIm-cw cmjvSobw Fparan-h-bnAcirc Duparanb Atz-
jWw thorn Bp-Im-en-I-sect-fn-tebpw Ne- nX ]kn-sup2o-I-c-W-sect-fn-sebpw ncq-]-W-sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw thorn Xnc-iexclY
1 sNfrac12osup3
2 ImgvN thorn sraquokn
sse_dnsdtiexclm-Un-teiexclv Ne-umlnXBkzm-Zwncq-]Ww Xiquestm-dm-iexclmsup3 nAgravetplusmn-in-iexclppara knn-a-IAuml
1 kmln-Xy- nse IYIhnX Fparan-hsb ASn-Oslashm--am-iexcln-btXm AsAtilde-brvbarnAcirc kzX-acute-amtbm Xiquestm-
dm-iexclppara Hcp Xnc-iexcl-Y
2 ss_kn-iexclnAuml Xohvkv thorn kwhn-[mw thorn hntlaquom-dnb Unkniexcl
3 NnAcircUsup3 Hm^v slhsup3 thorn aPoZv aPoZn
4 Nmcp-eX thorn kXy-Pn-Xvdmbv
5 hmlaquoAgrave thorn Zn]-tamacr
6 LS-imsup2 thorn Kncojv Imk-d-hAringn
7 kzbw-hcw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3
8 nAgraveameyw thorn Fw-Sn hmkp-tZ-hsup3 mbAgrave
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61
9 ]ndhn thorn jmPn Fsup3 Icpnot
10 amsup3tlmAuml thorn hn[p hnsup3skacircv
klm-bI KUgrave-sectAuml
1 knn-a-bpsS temIw thorn ASqAgrave tKm]m-e-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
2 knn-abpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw thorn tPmk^v hn-sI kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-sup2o-I-cW hIp- v Xncp-h-- -
]pcw
3 Ne- n-X- mj thorn tPmk^v UntKmAuml Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
4 knn-asb Isminus- Acirc thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquo-bw
5 knn-a-bpsS Bszligmhv thorn tXmakv Fw-F^v Un-kn-_p-Ivkv tImlaquobw
6 Cacuteysup3 knna thorn tXmakv Fw-F- v Un-kn-_pIvkv tImlaquobw
7 A`n--bw Ap- hw thorn `c-XvtKm-]n ]n-sI _tZ-gvkv tImgn-tiexclmSv
8 Ne- nX kzcq]w thorn amXyp aWAgraveiexclm-Sv Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
9 knn-a-bpsS cmjvSobw thorn t_m[n ]raquon-jnwKv lukv tImgn-tiexclmSv
10 ImgvN-bpsS Aimacuten thorn cmP-Ir-jvWsup3 hn tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
11 Ne- nX kaopound thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv tImlaquobw
12 Ne- n-X- nsacirc s]mcpAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
13 ae-bmf kn-n-a-bpsS IY thorn tIcf ^nenw Uh-e-]vsaacircv tImAgrave]-td-jsup3 Xncp-h-- -]p-cw 1997
14 knn-abpw kaq-lhpw thorn sI the- sup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
15 ae-bmf knna Cparase Cparav thorn kpmicro-tc-isup3 hn ]`mX _piexclv lukv Xncp-h-- -]p-cw
16 ae-bm-f-kn-n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw thorn a[p Cd-h-brvbarc
17 ae-bmf knna thorn knn-Iv awK-tfm-Z-bw XrEgraveqAgrave
18 knn-abpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw thorn Pn-]n cma-N-microsup3 Fkv-]n-knF-kv tImlaquo-bw 1998
19 IYbpw Xnc-iexcl-Ybpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw-Zn-hm-I-csup3
20 Xnc-iexcl-Ym-c-N Iebpw knsup2m- hpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc
21 hntiz- c Xnc-iexcl-Y-IAuml thorn hnP-b-Ir-jvWsup3
22 ae-bmf Xnc-iexclY thorn hfAgraveumlbpw hAgravemacr-am-hpw thorn BAgrave-hn-Fw Znhm-I-csup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov
Xncp-h-- -]pcw
23 ]tYAgrave ]mcopym-en hnh _m_p-i-brvbarAgrave kXy-PnXv dmbv tImgn-tiexclm-Sv ]m]n-d-kv 2000
24 samminusmjv thorn ]mThpw ]T-hpw thorn oesup3 amXr- q-an tImgn-tiexclmSv 2006
25 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Uyq]nacircv thorn Ac-hn-microsup3 hAtilde- n-d Fkv-]n-F-kv 2010
26 Hcp knna Fsects Dminusm-Ipparap thorn sI-sI Nmicrosup3 Nnacute 2008
27 knn-a-bpsS oXn-kmcw thorn ]n-Pn-k-Zm--microsup3 tIcf `mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyqlaquov 2006
28 temI-kn-n-a-bpsS NcnXw thorn tNe-sectmlaquov tKmcm-e-Ir-jvWsup3 Idacircv _pIvkv XrEgraveqAgrave 2013
29 knna hoUntbm sSIvnIv thorn tUm apc-fo-IrjvW Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2006
30 Xnc-iexclY thorn knn-a-bpsS Zriy-]-Imiw thorn tUm sUman-nIv sP ImlaquoqAgrave Idacircv _pIvkv 2011
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62
31 knn-a-bpsS ]mT-sectAuml thorn hni-I-e-hpw hopound-Whpw thorn tPmkv sI amp-hAcirc Idacircv _pIvkv
tImlaquobw
32 knn-a-bpsS hymI-cWw thorn Sn PntX-jv Heo-hv 2008
33 ae-bmf knna ]T--sectAumlthorn kn-F-kv shbrvbarn-tS-iz-csup3 Un-kn-_p-Ivkv 2011
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgravethorn5
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv- - 2 kmln-Xyhpw kAgravecurrenm-szlig-I-c-N-bpw
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave
sIUn-aumlv 3 Dtplusmniyepoundy-sectAuml 1 imkvXw am-hnI hnj-b-sectAuml hmWn-Py-imkvXw Fparanh sFNtildenI hnj-b-sect-fmbn
FSpmacrv _ncp-Z-X-e-macrnAcirc ]Tn-iexclppara hnZymAgravedegn-IAumliexclv ae-bmf kmln-Xy-smacr-cedilaumln kmam-y-t_m[w e`n-iexclpI 2 kAgravecurrenm-szligI cN--I-fpsS t]c-W-I-sf-cedilaumln cN-bn-Xm-iexcl-fpsS Ap-`-h-sectAuml Adn-bpI
samUyqAuml 1 Fgp-macrnsacirc t]c-W-IAuml Fgp-macrnsacirc hgn-IAuml Fgp-macrp-Im-cpsS cN-m-p- -h-sectsf ]cn-N-b-scedil-
SAcirc
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv 1 Fsacirc IY-Isfcedilaumln Rmsup3 Xspara-thorn-D-dq_v
(D-dq-_nsacirc sXc-sordf-Spmacr IY-I-fpsS Ap_lsquow) 2 Fsacirc Ihn-X-sb-cedil-aumln-thorn-kp-K-X-Ip-amcn (C-cpAumlumln-d-Ip-I-fpsS Bap-Jw)
samUyqAuml 2
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63
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-macrnse hnhn[ kmln-Xy-cq-]-sectAuml Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave Fparan-h-sb-cedil-aumln-bpAring kmam-
y-t_m[w
hni-Z-]-T--macrnv Ihn-X-IAuml tImgn thornIS-frac12-nlaquo Nnmacr-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse Zn-sectAuml thornAiquest-cedilsup3 SumlvkvIosup3 thornIAcirccedilauml mcmbWsup3 IY-IAuml ]qh-frac14gw thorn_-joAgrave tImemSv thornam-[-hn-iexclplaquon UAcircln 81 thornapIp-microsup3 ssZh-hnfn thornknXmc
samUyqAuml 3 tmhAcirc aordfv thorn FwSn
samUyqAuml 4 bmXm-hn-h-cWw AI-e-sect-fnAcirc ap-jyAgrave thorn cho-microsup3
1 s]mXp-hn-j-b-sectsf kw_-Ocircnuml D]-ymk cN--thorn-aqparap ]pd-macrnAcirc Ipd-bmsX Dmacrcw Fgp-XpI 2 kmacr tNmAgraveparap-t]m-ImsX aqparan-sem-parambn kwK-ln-iexclpI 3 ]Xm-[n-]AgraveiexclpAring Imacrv Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 4 nth-Zw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 5 ]cm-hAgravemacrw Xiquestm-dm-iexclpI 6 hmN-I-sect-fnse sXaumlv Xncp-macrpI
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64
MAL5D02
ska-IgraveAgrave 6
tImgvkv 15
Hmcedilnot tImgvkv - 3 kvXo]-T--sectAuml
]T--k-abw 48 aWn-iexclqAgrave sIUn-aumlv 3
Dtplusmn-iy-e-poundy-sectAuml
1 enwK-t`Zw (sPsacircAgrave) Fpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-IAcirc]-bviexclv hnhn[ Ncn-X-L-laquo-sect-fn-ep-minusmb nAgraveAElig-N--sectAuml kmam-y-ambn a-Ecircn-em-iexclp-I 2 enwK-]-c-amb hnth-N--sectsf kqpound-a-ambn hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 3 kvXohm-Z-n-cq-]-Wwthorn kvXo N-cnXwthorn kvXo ]pound-n-cq-]-Wwthorn Fpara coXn-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-hpara ssksup2m-acutenI ]cn-I-ev]--IAuml kmam-y-ambn ]cn-N-b-scedil-SpI 4 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-Isf khn-ti-j-ambn ]Tn-iexclppara coXn-im-kvX-sectAuml a-Ecircn-em-iexclpI 5 tIc-f-macrnsacirc kmaq-lnI cq]o-I-c-W-macrnAcirc enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -IAuml sNep-macrnb kzm[ow Xncn-uml-dn-bpI 6 Iem-km-lnXy taJ-e-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS kw`m-h--Isf Ncn-X-]-c-ambpw enwK-]-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-tmacrm-sSbpw hni-I-ew sNiquestpI 7 kmaq-ly-imkvX ]T--ta-J-e-bnAcirc hfAgraveparap-h-cppara Hcp ]T--imJ Fpara ne-bnAcirc enwK-
t`Z ]T--sect-fpsS (Gender Studies ) km[yX Xncn-uml-dn-bpI
samUyqAumlthorn 1
enwK-t`-Zw(Gender) enwKw(Sex) Fparanh Xfrac12n-epAring ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb hyXymkw BW-[n-
Imc (Patriarchy)-smacr-iexclp-dn-umlpAring hnhn[ ssksup2m-acuten-I-amb kao-]--sectAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Fpara ]tbm-K-macrnsacirc AAgravedeg-km-[y-X-IAumlthorn en_-dAcircthorn tkmjy-en-Igravevthorn amAgraveIvkn-Ivkv-thorn-]-cn-Oslashn-Xnthorn hnhn[ ssksup2m-acutenI kao-]--sectAuml
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXohn-tam-Nw NcnXw knsup2macutew kao-]w thorn FsI cma-Ir-jvWsup3 sI-Fw thWp-tKm-]mAcirc
2 Fgp-macrp-Im-cn-bpsS apdn thorn shAgravePo-n-b-hpAuml^v 3 hnI-k-w ]cn-Oslashn-Xn kvXo thorn hmicro-m-inh
samUyqAuml 2
tIc-f-macrnsacirc kaq-l-cq-]o-I-c-Whpw enwK-t`-Z-Nn- -I-fpsS kzm[o--hpwthorn kvXoI-fpsS apsup3ssI-bnAcirc Spara ka-c-sectAumlthorn enwK-hn-th-N--sectsf ]iv-hAcircI-cnuml ka-c-sectAumlthorn Ncn-X-macrnepw kmln-Xy-macrn-ep-apAring AZr-iy-Xthorn kmln-Xy-macrnse kvXo]-pound-hm-Zwthorn ae-bm-f-macrnse BZy-Ime Fgpmacrp-Im-cn-IAumlthorn kvXoI-fpsS cN--I-fnAcirc Ah-X-cn-cedilnuml enwK-t`Z Nn -IAumlthorn s^an-nIgravev Inlaquon-kn-khpw ssKtm Inlaquon-kn-k-hpwthorn kwkvIm-c-macrnsacirc kvXohm-b-
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 1 enwK-t`-Zszligฦ (]Oslashmw A[ymbw) (tIc-f-macrnsacirc Cpara-e-IAuml thorn tUm sI-Fsup3 KtWjv)
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65
2 ]pcp-j-middotm-cn-Atildemmacr temIw thorn kc-kz-Xn-bfrac123 Aaacuten-kmpoundn thorn efn-Xmw-_nI AacuteAgraveOumlw 4 Fgp-macr-frac12-amAgrave thorn KoX (Fgpmacrv Afrac12bmWv s]regpsectAuml aebmfKZysmacr ]cnjvIcnumlXv aebmf kmlnXyhnaAgraveimacrnse s]notXpdhnIAuml Fparao teJsectAuml amXw)
samUyqAuml 3
kvXo CS-s]-SAcircthorn Ie-thorn-km-ln-Xywthorn Ncn-Xwthorn imkvXwthorn hnZym-`ym-kwthorn cmjvSo-bwthorn `c-Wwthorn Xmacrz-Nn-acutethorn Aiexclm-Z-an-Ivthorn kmtbrvbar-Xn-Iwthorn am[y-awthorn kmaq-ly-]-hAgravemacrw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 Hauml-kvm- nAcirc HXp-iexclm-m-hnAtilde Hcp PmiddotkXyw thorn KoXm lnc-Wysup3 2 sNsectd ka-chpw Fsacirc Pohn-Xhpw thorn skeo ]iexclmw 3 SnsI ]szlignn - thorn Iebpw Imehpw thorn sI]n ctajv
samUyqAuml 4
enwK-]-Z-hn-bpsS kmaq-lnIXthorn hne-iexclp-IAumlthorn Ak-a-Xzwthorn ico-c-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn
cmjvSob ]Xn-tcm-[-sectAumlthorn ekv_n-bsup3thorn aqparamw enwK ]Z-hn-IAuml (Transgender)thorn hkvX-macrnsacirc cmjvSo-bwthorn ssewKnI hn]-Wnbpw kvXohn-tam-N-hpw
hni-Z-]-Tw
1 kvXo ico-chpw ssewKn-I-Xbpw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 2 Aaacuten thorn knXm-c Fkv 3 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn D-jm-Ip-amcn
(`mKw Hparav kwkvImcw 1 Npcn-ZmAgrave ^mjpw enwK ]Z-hnbpw 2 s]not tSmbve-aumlp-I-fpsS enwK cmatildeo-bw 3 Dcp-Ippara enwK ]Z-hnbpw ssk_Agrave kvs]bvkpw 4 holaquo-I-smacr-scedilregv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-macrnv apsup3]pw ]nsup3]pw Fparao teJ--sectAuml amXw)
sse_dn sdtiexclmAgraveUn-teiexclv (GsX-brvbarnepw Ascopyregw)
11 s]sreg-gp-Xppara PohnXw thorn Fsup3sI cho-microsup3 12 kvXo Fgpmacrpw hntam-N-hpw thorn hn kpIp-am-csup3 13 Pohn-X-macrnsacirc kvXo hmb thorn tkmWnb C] 14 tIc-f-macrnse kvXo aptpara-auml-sect-fpsS NcnXw thorn kn-Fkv NmicronI15 Bcym-hAgravemacrw thorn Nmicro-aXn 16 PmK-cqI thorn ]nb F Fkv 17 PmXnsb enwKhXvI-cn-iexclp-tfrac14mAuml thorn Dam NI-hAgravemacrn 18 holaquofrac12 Hcp kvXo hnNmcw thorn Bmicron SnsI 19 IY-IAuml thorn knXmc Fkv 20 Bcm-umlmAgrave thorn sI-BAgrave aoc
klm-b-I-K-Ugrave-sectAuml
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66
25 ]ucn-bpsS tmlaquo-sectAuml thorn sP tZhnI 26 IpSpw-_w kzIm-cy-kz-macrv `c-W-IqSw Fparan-h-bpsS DUcirchw thorn GwKAcirckv27 kvssXW Ima-kqXw thorn Cmicronc sI-BAgrave 28 kvXo hntam-N--sa-paramAcirc ap-jy-hn-tam-Nw thorn KoX 29 kXo hmZ-macrnsacirc tIc-fob ]cn-kcw thorn KoX 30 kvXohmZ kumicrocy imkvXw thorn Pm-In sI tKm]n-mYv 31 BW-cip mlaquonse ImgvN-IAuml thorn tZhnI sP (FUn) 32 anY-y-IAumliexcl-cedilpdw thorn tcjva `c-ZzmPv 33 IAcirc]--bpsS amsaumlmen thorn sP tZhnI (tIcf
imkvXkmlnXy ]cn-jmacrv) 34 hpa-Wnkw thorn kpPmdmWn amXyp
(ssIcfn _pIvkv IregqAgrave)
35 kvXo]-T--sectAuml thorn kumln-Zm--microsup3 sI (FUn) 36 Zfn-X-a-pound-c-kw-bpagravew thorn kPnX sI-BAgrave 37 `K-h-ZvKo-X-bpsS ASp-iexcl-f-bnAcirc Fgp-macrp-ImAgrave thhn-iexclp-paraXv thorn kmdm tPmk^v38 KoXm-ln-c-Wysacirc IY-IAuml thorn KoXm-ln-c-Wysup3 39 temI-]-ikvX hnXm kwhn-[m-b-IAgrave thorn FwUn atm-Pv(FUn) 40 NnX-I-e-bnse kvXo tcJ-IAuml thornsItaml--N-microsup3shff--m-bWn 41 Ctiexclm-s^-an-n-kw Ctiexclm-Sq-dnkw amAgraveIvknkw thorn Fsup3Fw ]ntb-gvknot 42 tmhAcirc hnaAgravei--macrnsacirc s]noth-gn-IAuml thorn FAcirc kpja (FUn) 43 BZy-Ime kvXoI-Y-IAuml thorn tUm FwFw _joAgrave
(en]n ]raquon-tiexcl-jsup3) 44 DSAcirc Hcp sbvmacrv thorn Pn Djm-Ip-am-cn
(Fsup3-_n-Fkv 45 hb-e-aumlp-m-hnse ]mlaquop-IAuml thorn Pn Djm-Ip-amcn
sskIXw _pIvkv 46 kvXo kvXohm-Zw kvXo hntam-Nw thorn sI imc-Zm-aWn
(Unkn _pIvkv) 47 s^an-nkw thorn Fsup3 Pb-Ir-jvWsup3
(tIc-f-`mjm Csup3Igraven-aumlyq-laquov Xncph--acute-]pcw)
48 BtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw kvXo ]IrXn thorn hmicro inh
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MAL1(2)C01 เดฌเดฟเด เดฎเดฒเดฏเดพเดณเด
เดพเดเดชเดฒเดฟเดฎเดจเดฑเดฑเดฟ เดพเดดเดธ- เดพเดฆเตฟ เดฎเดพเดค เดฐเดณ เดชเด เดจเด - เดชเตผเดตเดต เดพเดฒเด เดฎเดงเตฟ เดพเดฒเด
เดธเดฎเดฏเด 25 เดฎเดฃเดเดเดพเตผ เดฎเดบเตผเดเด 80
I เดฐเดเดพ เดฎเดจเดพ เดตเดพ เตฟเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดคเดค 2 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 15 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 25
1เดจเดจเดจเดเดเดบเดเดเตพ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 2เดเดพเดเดฏเดบเดเดเด เด เดตเดคเดฐเดชเดชเดเดเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดเดเตเดจ
3 เดฎเดบเดฎเดบเดเดเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดฐเดคเดฐเดบเดงเดบเดจเตฟเตเดฎเดจเดค 4เดคเดฝเดนเดซเดคเดคเดฝเตฝ เดฎเดฝเดเดบเดนเดฆเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 5 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฐเดบเดเดจ เดคเดฝเดฑเดฎเดฝเดเดเดเดณเดต
6เดเดพเดค เดถเดบเดธเดจเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดเดณเดณเดเดเดเตเดฎเดจเดค 7 เดฆเดบเดฏเดเดฎเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 8 เดเดฐเดณเด เดธเดจเดฆเตผเดถเดเด เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดธเดเดเดบเดฐเดเตพ เดเตเดฐเดบเตเดเด
9เดเดเดเดเตฝ เดเดฝเดน เดเดจเดคเตเดจ เดฐเดคเดจเดงเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเดฝ 10 เดเดจเดคเดฃ เดเดต
11 เดตเดเดเดเดฐเดเดเตฝ เด เตผเดคเดฅเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเดจเดจเตเดคเดจเดค 12เด เดฑเดฏเดเดเดเตฝ เดฐเดบเดเดตเดเดถเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเตฟเดเดคเตเดฏเดจเดค 13เดเดฐเดบเดณเตผ เดเดบเดฐเดบเดณเตผ- เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด14 เดเดเดจเดจเดฐเดเดเตฝ เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค 15 เดฎเดฃเดฃเดบเดชเดชเด เดฐเดฝเดฒเดชเดชเด-เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด
I I เดเดจเดฐ เดชเดฑเดคเดคเดฟเตฝ เดตเดฟเดฏเดพเดค เดเดคเดคเดฐเดฎเดดเดค 5 เดฎเดพเตผเดเด เดตเตเดคเดฎเดณเดณ 8 เดพเดฆเตฟเดเดเตพเดชเดฐเดฎเดพเดตเดงเดฟ เดฎเดพเตผเดเด 35
16 เดเดฐเดณ เดเดฐเดค เดจเตผเดฎเดฎเดคเดเด เดธเดนเดบเดฏเดเดฎเดบเดฏ เดเดฐเดบเดฆเดบเดจ เดธเดบเดฎเดเดเตพ เดเดต
17เดฌเดฝเดฆเดงเดฎเดคเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจ เดจเตฝเดเดฏ เดธเดเดญเดบเดตเดจเดเตพ เดเตเดจเดคเดฒเดบเด18 เดฎเดฒเดฏเดบเดณ เดญเดบเดทเดฏเดฝเตเด เดฐเดพเดฐเดเดฐเดฃเด เดธเดบเดงเตฟเดฎเดบเดเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดธเดบเดนเดเดฐเตฟเดเดเตพ เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
19 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดฎเดนเดบเดถเดฒเดบเดตเดถเดทเดเดเดเตพ เดเดต
20 เตเดค เดเดจเดฆเดเดฟเดค เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟ เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅ เดเดจเดเดตเดคเดคเดคเตฝ เตเดเดฒเดฝเดคเดคเดฏ เดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเดเดฝเด21 เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเตเดฒ เดเดฏเดบเดงเดจเดเดฒเดเตพ เดฐเดฐเดเดฏเตเดชเดชเดเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
22 เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดเดเดตเด เดธเดเดเดเดเตเดณเดเดเดฝเดฑเดเด เดตเดตเดฐเดเดเดฝเด
23เดถเดบเดธเดคเดค เดฐเดเดเดคเดค เดเดฆเตฟเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเด เดเดตเดฐเดเด เดจเดเดเดเดเตพ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
I I I เดฐเดฃเด เดเดบเดฆเตฟเดคเดคเดจ เดฎเดพเดจเดจ เดฐเดฝเดฑเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดตเดฏเดบเตเดค เดเดฐเดจเตฟเดธเดเดเดฝเด
24 เดเดจเดฎ เดธเดฐเดฆเดบเดฏเด เดเดจเดจเดบเตฝ เดเดจเดค เดเดฐเดณเดฏ เดเดบเตผเดทเด เดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเตฝ เด เดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดคเดซเดฒเดจเดเดเตพเดเดเดเตเดจเดฏเดบเดฏเดฐเดฝเดจเดจเดฝเตเดตเดจเดจ เดตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดฝเดคเดคเดฝเด
25เดธเดเดเดเดบเดฒ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดเดธเดคเดเดบเดฐเด เดเดฐเดคเด เดเดบเดกเดเดฐเดเดเดฝเด26เดเดบเดคเดตเตฟเดตเดธเดฅเดฏเดฝเตเด เดธเดตเดญเดบเดตเด เดตเตฟเดเดคเดฎเดบเดเด เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดธเดบเดฎเดพเดนเตฟเดเดเดจเตเดฏ เด เดค เดเดเดเตเดจเดธเดตเดบเดงเดจเดเด เดเดจเดจ เดฐเดฐเดถเดบเดงเดเดเดฝเด
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27เดจเดบเดเดฝเดตเดบเดด เดญเดฐเดฃเดเดบเดฒเดเดเดเดคเดคเตฝ เดเดฐเดณเดคเดคเดจเตเดฑ เดฐเดบเดทเดเดฏ เดธเดบเดฐเดคเดคเด เดฎเดเดฒเดเดณเดฒเดฝเดฃเดเดบเดฏ เดฎเดบเดฑเดฑเดเดตเดถเดเดฒเดจเด เตเดเดฏเดฏเด
(10 x 2=20 เดฎเดบเตผเดเด )
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_n-F ae-bmfw
tImAgrave tImgvkv tNmZy-am-XrI
ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw
kabw cshyc aWn-iexclqAgrave ]c-am-h[n 80 amAgraveiexclv----------------------
skpoundsup3-thornF
I ctshym aqtparam hmIymacrnAcirc Dmacr-c-sa-gp-Xp-I
cshyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 15 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 25)
1 eoem-Xn-e-I- nsacirc cshyp ][m khn-ti-j-X-IAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclp-I
2 ]-brvbarpe Fpara-Xnse hAgraveW-hyXnbm--saacutev
3 tab-maw thorn nAgraveh-Nn-umlpZ-l-cn-iexclpI
4 hAgraveW-hnImc- nsacirc ASn-Oslashm--saacutev
5 ]c-k-hAgraveWw D-Zm-l-cWklnXw hyagrave-am-iexclpI
6 sXshyn GXp i_vZ-hn- mKmacrnAcircs]-Spparap B hn`m-K- nsacirc ]tXy-I-X-sbacutev
7 Ac-iexclAgraveXsup3 oXn-bnse hn`agraven kqN--tbXv
8 B[m-cn-I-bpsS ImcIhpw ]Xybhpw hni-Z-am-iexclpI
9 Zznhn- agraven Fparam-seacutev
10 AXns kzc-am-bntlaquo hI-sh-tiexclshy kOcircn-bnAcirc GXns hni-Zo-I-cn-iexclpI
11 aSnumlnbnse kvXoenw-K-]-Xybmacrnsacirc khn-ti-j-X-sbacutev
12 Icn-hshyn thorn hnK-lnumlv kamkw hyagrave-am-iexclp-I
13 kfrac12-XmAgravedeg- nAcirc ]tbm-Kn-iexclppara ]Imcw
14 HmAgravemacrmAcirc ]dbmw thornC-Xnse hn-sbumlw AXnsacirc ]tXy-IX
15 ae-bm-f- nse cshyv ntj-[-cq-]-sectAuml Nqshyn-iexclm-Wn-iexclpI
skpoundsup3thorn_n
II Hparac ]pd- nAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacr-c-sa-gp-XpI
Acopyp amAgraveiexclv hoX-apAring 8 tNmZy-sectAuml (]c-am-h[n amAgraveiexclv 35)
MAL5B07
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16 ac-scedil-laquon ]gsmacrmen Fparan-h-bnse kOcircn-Im-cy-sectAuml kzacutew-n-e-bnAcirc hne-bn-cp- pI
17 hn`-agraveym- mkw Fsparamcnw ae-bm-f- nAcirc Bh-iy-aptshym
18 Fniexclv kfrac12mw Inlaquon Fpara ]tbm-K- nse hymI-c-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xsbacutev
19 Xsup2n-X- nsacirc ]tbm-K-km-[y-X-IAuml hni-Zo-I-cniexclpI
20 KpshyAgravelaquonsacirc ae-bm-f-`mjmhym-I-c-Wsmacr ]cn-N-b-scedil-Sp- pI
21 Ap-m-kn-I-kw-kAgravecurrenhpw Ap-m-kn-Im-Xn-]-k-chpw Xfrac12n-epAring hyXym-k-saacutev
22 anSp-anSp-iexclmiddotmAgrave Fpara-Xnse `mjm-]-chpw hymI-c-W-]-c-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-IAuml hnh-cn-iexclp-I
23 ae-bm-f- nse hN--hy-h-Oslash-sb-iexclp-dnumlv Ipdn-scedil-gp-Xp-I
skpoundsup3-thornkn
III FsX-brvbarnepw cshyv tNmZy- nv aqparap ]pdmacrnAcirc Ihn-bmsX Dmacrc-sa-gpXpI
24 tIc-f-]m-Wn-o-b-macrn-sebpw eoem-Xn-e-I- n-sebpw kOcircn-n-b-a-sectsf Xmc-XaywsNbvXv hnaAgravei-m-szlig-
I-ambn hne-bn-cp- p-I
25 ae-bm-f- nse Apound-c-am-esb kmam-y-ambn ]cn-tim-[numlv `nparam- n-]m-b-sect-tfm-SpAring ne-]mSv hyagrave-am-
iexclp-I
26 tIc-f-]m-Wn-n-bpsS i_vZ-hn- -Pw Ipauml-a-aumltXm NAgraveuml sNiquestp-I
27 ae-bmf hn`-agraven-I-sfbpw hn`-agraven-]-Xy-b-sect-sfbpw Imem-p-kr-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-iexclm-m-hptam hni-
I-ew sNiquestp-I
(2 x 10 = 20 amAgraveiexclv)
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