8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 1/23
PHASE I CO 2
SEQUESTRATION EVALUATION
in the
NINE STATE
MIDWEST REGIONAL CARBON
SEQUESTRATION PARTNERSHIP
AREA
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 2/23
Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS)
1. CO2 Separation, Capture & Compression
2. Transport to Injection Site
3. Injection into Deep Geologic Formation4. Measurement, Monitoring & Verification
Page 1
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 3/23
Steps in the CCS Process
Page 2Image copyrighted by Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC)
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 4/23
CO2 Stored as Supercritical Fluid
Page 3
CO2 will be injectedat depths below2500 feet. CO2increases in density
with depth andbecomes asupercritical fluidbelow 2500 feet.Supercritical fluids
diffuse better thaneither gases orliquids.
Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC)
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 5/23
Sequestration Challenges
• Cost – High $$$
• Scale – Large Project Area (acreage control)
• Long Term Liability - Measurement,Monitoring & Verification
• Legal – Who Owns the Pore Space?
Why Do It? Coal as a fuel is a necessary partof any energy strategy.
Page 4
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 6/23
Station Background
• 630 MW CFPP
• Built in 1982
• 4.3 million tons ofCO2 emitted peryear
• Expected to operatefor 30 more years
Page 5
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 7/23
Phase I Objectives
• Identify candidate geologic formations
• Assess CO2 storage potential
• Compare storage potential to plant emissions• Evaluate adequacy of existing
regulatory/legal framework
• Recommend Phase II activities
Page 6
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 8/23
MRCSP Region’s Large Geological Storage
Potent ial is Well Pos it ioned Relat ive to Sou rces
Page 7
Deep saline formations:
>100,000 MMTCO2 Depleted oil and gas fields~1,400 MMTCO2
Data from over 40,000
wells have been analyzed
Unmineable coal and shale~350 MMTCO2
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 9/23
Waverly Arch Controls Stratigraphy
Page 8
• Precambriansurface altered byWaverly Arch
• Basement rocks areshallow
• Accelerated erosionof sedimentary
strata• Rocks from more
recent periods arenot present
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 10/23
Generalized Stratigraphic Chart
Page 9
Ordovician
Cincinnati Group
Trenton Limestone
Black River Group
Wells Creek Formation
Knox Dolomite
Cambrian
Rose Run Sandstone
Copper Ridge Dolomite
Eau Claire/Conasauga
FormationsMt. Simon Sandstone
Precambrian Grenville Province
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 11/23
CO2 Sequestration in Ohio
Page 10
Rose Run Sandstone is a regionalcandidate zone in Appalachian
Basin
Mount Simon Sandstone/BasalSand - the most prominent
reservoir in most of the Midwest
A number of geologic formations have been evaluated for CO2 storagepotential in the Ohio River Valley region through MRCSP studies
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 12/23
Rose Run Structure
Page 11
Station
#3400012004
#1616103990
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 13/23
Mt. Simon Structure
Page 12
Station
#3400012004
#1616103990
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 14/23
Mt. Simon Thickness
Page 13
Station
#3400012004
#1616103990
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 15/23
Volumetric Storage Equation
Page 14
GCO2 = At hg φtot ρ E
• GCO2 = CO2 storage potential in tons
• At = area = 50,000 to 800,000 acres
• hg = thickness = 50 feet
• φtot = porosity = 8%• ρ = CO2 density = 47 lb/ft3 (supercritical fluid)
• E = storage efficiency = 10%
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 16/23
Mt. Simon Storage Potential
Page 15
Storage Field
Radius Storage Field
Area CO2 Storage
Potential
5 miles 50,000 acres 20.6 million tons
10 miles 200,000 acres 81.4 million tons
20 miles 800,000 acres 328 million tons
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 17/23
Comparison to Plant Emissions
Page 16
Storage Field
Radius
CO2 Storage
PotentialCO2 Storage
5 miles 20.6 million tons 5.3 years
10 miles 81.4 million tons 20.8 years
20 miles 328 million tons 84.1 years
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 18/23
Sequestration Challenges
• Cost: $50 - $100/ton
– $200 million to $400 million per year for plant
• Scale – 300 to 1,200 square miles
• Long Term Liability and Legal Issues
– Measurement, Monitoring & Verification
– Cap/Seal Integrity -
– Pore Space Rights
Page 17
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 19/23
Seal Integrity
• What is the theoretical pore throat to hold a 1000 m column
of each fluid?
– 19 nm –oil
– 14 nm –
gas – 10 nm –CO2
• CO2 requires better seals than other fluids for a particular
column.
• Reservoir simulation and injection challenges are very
manageable.
Page 18
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 20/23
Pore Space Ownership
• No consensus regarding property rights for porespace
• Majority of opinions indicate pore space tied tosurface rights
• Affected landowners will number in the thousands.
• Negotiation or condemnation imposes high costs andlong acquisition times.
• Condemnation laws would have to be amended.Politically sensitive.
Page 19
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 21/23
Long Term Liability
• Insurance not available
• Ohio & Kentucky not accepting
• Federal government suggested – New version of Price-Anderson Act in nuclear
power
• CCS Utility under consideration
– Midwestern Governors Association
– Pennsylvania Carbon Sequestration Network
Page 20
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 22/23
Phase II Recommendations
• Expand geologic evaluation
• Assess alternate sequestration fields
• Obtaining additional information regardingMidwest Governors Association CCSactivities
• Conduct carbon capture technology review
• Obtain legal opinions on pore space
Page 21
8/10/2019 AWMA CO2 Sequestration.ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awma-co2-sequestrationppt 23/23
Top Related