Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Modeling Languages for Instructional Engineering
_________________________________
Dr Gilbert Paquette
CICE Research ChairLICEF-CIRTA, Télé-Université
Montréal, April 14 2005
IEEE Montreal - Education Society
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Plan
1. Major International Trends
2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions
3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages
4. Instructional Engineering principles
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Internet’s Third Wave
First wave: STATIC TEXT and DATA EXCHANGEFirst wave: STATIC TEXT and DATA EXCHANGEPrimarily static HTML pages: text and data services Primarily static HTML pages: text and data services
E-mail, FTP, forum (asychronous communication)E-mail, FTP, forum (asychronous communication)
Second wave: DYNAMIC MULTIMEDIASecond wave: DYNAMIC MULTIMEDIADynamic pages, ASP, JSPDynamic pages, ASP, JSP
Facilitated transfer of images, sound and videoFacilitated transfer of images, sound and video
Desktop audio/video conferenceDesktop audio/video conference
Third wave: SEMANTIC and PROGRAMMABLEThird wave: SEMANTIC and PROGRAMMABLEIntegration of applications, API enabled by web servicesIntegration of applications, API enabled by web services
Ex: Google Alerts, Amazon’s APIEx: Google Alerts, Amazon’s API
Distributed computing, P2P, and mobile networkingDistributed computing, P2P, and mobile networking
Semantic web and knowledege-based technologiesSemantic web and knowledege-based technologies
Open source, sharing of objects and applicationsOpen source, sharing of objects and applications
New generation of Distributed Learning EnvironmentsNew generation of Distributed Learning Environments
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
The Semantic Web
Metadata describes resources
Ontology describes domain knowledge
Metadata linked to knowledge domain
Ontologies enable computer agents to process meaningful information (not only syntax)
Facing exponential information growth on the Internet by associating meaning to Web pages
Ontology
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
A Network Reusable Resources
ResourceRepositories
MetadataRepositories
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Learning Objects
ToolsDocuments
Learning Objects (more than just Web pages)
MediaElements
Actors
Units of Learning
ProcessScenarios
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Components of a Learning System
Systèmed ’apprentissage
Faire l ’ingénieried ’un SA
Diffuser le SAI/P I/P
Modèle desconnaissances
Modèle dediffusion
Modèlepédagogique
Modèlemédiatique
C
C C
C
Mettre en placele SA
Ressourcestechnologiques
Serviceset milieux
C
C
I/P
I/P
C
Devis du SA
Infrastructuredu SA
C
Matérielspédagogiques
C
Réaliser le matériel
I/P
I/P
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Plan
1. Major International Trends
2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions
3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages
4. Instructional Engineering principles
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Self-management of learning
Competency-focused, Open/Adaptable Learning Scenarios; Metacognitive Tools
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Information Selection
Process-guided Information RetrievalSearch, Annotation and Rebuilding tools
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Learner Collaboration
Process Oriented; Collaboration model; Visualization & management tools
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Assistance from facilitators
Caring Heuristic assistance; Learner’s Initiative; Multiple Facilitators
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Larger set of decisions What kind of TeleLearning model? What kind of TeleLearning model? Anywhere, anytime, anyAnywhere, anytime, any ppllace, anybody?ace, anybody? What kind of interactivity, collaboration?What kind of interactivity, collaboration? Predefined multi-path or learner-constructed Predefined multi-path or learner-constructed
scenarios?scenarios? Which actors, what roles, what resources?Which actors, what roles, what resources? Multimedia or pluri-media materials? Reuse or Multimedia or pluri-media materials? Reuse or
buildbuild How to manage resourcesHow to manage resources; Achieve; Achieve
Interoperability and scalability?Interoperability and scalability? How to take in account techno-diversity?How to take in account techno-diversity? Reusability, Sustainability, Affordability?Reusability, Sustainability, Affordability?
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Plan
1. Major International Trends
2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions
3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages
4. Instructional Engineering principles
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
LICEF Tools & Method History
MOT plus
1998-19991998-1999
1995-19971995-1997
MISA 3.0 Gen. soft
MISA 4.0 ADISA
ADISA2
MISA 2.0MOT 2.0
AGD
1992-19951992-19951995-19971995-1997 AGD
Conseiller
1997-19981997-1998
1999-20011999-2001
Explor@-1+Advisor
Explor@-2(multi-actor)
2002-20052002-2005TELOS (1)
PlayerMOT plusLD Editor
2002-20052002-2005
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
MISA 4.0 Method
Knowledge Modeling
210 Knowledge modeling principles212 Knowledge model214 Target competencies310 Learning units content 410 Learning instruments content 610 Knowledge and competency management
Instructional Modeling
220 Instructional principles222 Learning events network224 Learning units properties320 Instructional scenarios322 Learning activities properties420 Learning instruments properties620 Actors and group management
Materials Modeling
230 Media principles 330 Development infrastructure 430 Learning materials list 432 Learning materials models 434 Media elements 436 Source documents630 Learning system / resource management
Delivery Modeling
240 Delivery principles242 Cost-benefit analysis340 Delivery planning440 Delivery models442 Actors and user’s materials444 Tools and telecommunication446 Services and delivery locations540 Assessment planning640 Maintenance / quality management
Problem definition
100 Training system102 Training objectives
104 Target Learners106 Actual situation
108 Reference documents
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Content ExpertsContent Experts
Instructional DesignersInstructional Designers
Media DesignersMedia Designers
Delivery SpecialistsDelivery Specialists
Team LeaderTeam Leader
Instructional Engineering Actors
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Educational Models
Knowledge and Competency RepresentationKnowledge and Competency Representation
Scenarios, Learning Designs, Learnflow Scenarios, Learning Designs, Learnflow RepresentationsRepresentations
Media Structure RepresentationMedia Structure Representation
Delivery Model RepresenationsDelivery Model Represenations
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Desired Properties of a GraphicRepresentation Formalim
Simplicity and User FriendlinessSimplicity and User Friendliness
GeneralityGenerality
CompletenessCompleteness
Translated to machine (XML) formatTranslated to machine (XML) format
Communicable between humansCommunicable between humans
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
MOT Graphic LanguageCONCEPTS PROCEDURES PRINCIPLES
C
S
P
I/P
R
I
LINKS
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
A Graphic OWL Editor
S
ChemicalFertilizers
S
RiceProductionProcesses
I
I
I
RR Produce
RR Produce
CarbonDioxyde
S
Gases
S
R
Fertilizers
R
R
R
NitricOxyde
HasInputs
MethaneHas
Outputs
I
RR
RR
HasOutputs
HasInputs
SS
A CertainRice
Production
AgriculturalPractices
GreenhouseGases
THINGS
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Structured Competencies
To say that somebody needs to acquire a certain knowledge is insufficient
What kind of generic skill + performance? A generic skills’ taxonomy based on different
viewpoints : instructional objectives, generic tasks/processes, meta-knowledge
Competency = Meta-process (skill) applied to a knowledge at a certain level of performance
Situate knowledge acquisition goals on a competency/performance scale
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Skill/Performance ScaleSelf-manage (10)
Evaluate (9)
Synthesize (8)
Repair (7)
Analyze (6)
Apply (5)
Transpose (4)
Interpret (3)
Identify (2)
Memorize (1)
Pay attention (0)
Peter M
.
Scenario X
Video Y.
Multimedia Production Method
Skills
Performance Aware Familiarized Productive Expert
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Knowledge anc CompetencyDistribution in LDs
CourseModule 1
Module 2
Module 3
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Versailles Scenario
ACT5:
INTRODUCTION TOMAIN NEGOTIATION
DAY
ACT6: THE MAINNEGOTIATIONS
C
ACT3:BACKGROUND
STUDY - OFFLINEACTIVITIES
C
C
C
C
ACT1: VERSAILLESOVERVIEW
ACT2:INTRODUCTION TO
PREPARATORYPHASE
PP
CC
P
ACT4: SIX NATIONONLINE STRATEGY
PREPARATION
VersaillesSimulation
P
Play
ACT8: REFLECT ONTREATY
OUTCOMES
P
P
P
ACT7: REVIEWMAIN
NEGOTIATION DAY
C
C
C
C
Send ResultsLO
IP
France-ItalyForum
IP
France-Serbia Forum
IP
Poland-FranceForum
IP US-FranceForum
IPGB-FranceForum
IPMain
NegotiatingChamber
MainNegotiation
Forum
IPSend ResultsEnv
CReturned results
IP
DISPLAYS RESULTSRETURNED TO THE
RECORDER
C
Send Resultsto Recorder
C
Read Posted
Results
C
GB-FranceSide-room
C
France-SerbiaSide-room
C
France-ItalySide-room
C
Poland-FranceSide-room
C
USA-France
Side-room
FranceNegotiation
Day
I
I-France SerbiaConfer SO
C
FRANCE-SerbiaConfererence
I
FRANCE-SERBIANegotiate AD res
IPFrance-Serbia
Side-roomFrance-Serbia
Forum
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Delivery Components
Acteur R RoleA
The actor plays (is responsible for) a role (or an action)
R
Sub-role 11 Sub-role 2C C
RoleA role has two components
C C
UserR
Utiliser ressource Resource An actor uses a ressource
«Ressource».
R I/P
Provider Provide a resource
RResource
I/PAn Actor produces a resource
R I/P
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Model of an Evaluation Function
A: Ingénieur pédagogique
Stucturer l'espace
d'évaluation
Définition des scénarios et des
activités d'évaluation
R
I/P
R
B: Auteur
I/P
I/P
Concevoir les tests
Tests dans la banque des
matérielsR
D: Formateur évaluateur
Analyser et évaluer
I/P
Passer les tests
I/P
C: Apprenant
R
Tests complétésI/P
Tests évalués et transmis
I/P
Faire le bilan des résultats
I/P
RÉditeur de scénario
R
Éditeur de tests
R
Présentateur de tests
R
Présenteur de test évalué
R
Assistant à la correction
R
Visualisation du bilan
R
O
O
O
O
O
O
A
A
A
A
E
E
E
E
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Model of a Trainer’s Roles
Apprenants du cours
Formateurs- tuteurs
RR
Utiliser le SA
Assurer le support
pédagogique
R
Conseiller les apprenants
Animer les forums
Corriger les travaux
Diagnostiquer les progrès et
les lacunes
CC
CC
RessourcesExplora
ERessources
web duCours
EManuel
et vidéos analogiques
E
Matérieldu formateur
E
I/P I/P I/P
Profil de groupe
O
CourrielO
ForumO
Outil de correction
O
FAQ technique
O
Internet bande étroite
C
DomicileM
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/PI/P
I/PI/PI/P
I/P
Rétroaction aux
apprenants
S
Infos au registrariat
S
I/P
I/P
Rétroaction au professeur-
concepteur
S
Infos au gestionnaire
de la diffusion
S
AA
Délais maximal de 2 semaines
R
Travaux corrigés
I/P
Ressources du formateur
C C
C C C
C
I/P
I/P
I/P
Apprenants du cours
Formateurs- tuteurs
RR
Utiliser le SA
Assurer le support
pédagogique
R
Conseiller les apprenants
Animer les forums
Corriger les travaux
Diagnostiquer les progrès et
les lacunes
CC
CC
RessourcesExplora
ERessources
web duCours
EManuel
et vidéos analogiques
E
Matérieldu formateur
E
I/P I/P I/P
Profil de groupe
O
CourrielO
ForumO
Outil de correction
O
FAQ technique
O
Internet bande étroite
C
DomicileM
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/P
I/PI/P
I/PI/PI/P
I/P
Rétroaction aux
apprenants
S
Infos au registrariat
S
I/P
I/P
Rétroaction au professeur-
concepteur
S
Infos au gestionnaire
de la diffusion
S
AA
Délais maximal de 2 semaines
R
Travaux corrigés
I/P
Ressources du formateur
C C
C C C
C
I/P
I/P
I/P
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Plan
1. Major International Trends
2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions
3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages
4. Instructional Engineering principles
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Information System’s Approach
An eLearning system is an
information system, a complex array
of software tools, digitized
documents and communication
services, more diversified than in the
past
Follow some software engineering principlesFollow some software engineering principles
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Knowledge-Based ISD
The actual emphasis on knowledge
management recognizes the importance of
knowledge and higher order skills, as
opposed to simple data or information
acquisition
Knowledge engineering can support central
tasks of ISD methods : content, activities,
media and delivery processes
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Multi-Agent view
An eLearning system at delivery time is a
multi-agent society (modularity, sociability,
distribution of control, message propagation)
An ISD method should identify clearly the
actors , their roles and their interactions,
together with the tools and resources that
should compose their environment
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
Process Based Learning Scenarios
EVALUATE
SYNTHETIZE
ANALYZE
APPLY
UNDERSTAND
MEMORIZE
JUST IN CASEINFORMATION
JUST IN TIMEINFORMATION
Process-based situated learning scenarios help guide information search and the construction of new knowledge
Author: Gilbert PaquetteReuse freely – Just quote
In summary….
More systematic, structured and visual ISD.More systematic, structured and visual ISD.
Knowledge engineering to support higher order Knowledge engineering to support higher order knowledge and skills acquisition.knowledge and skills acquisition.
Definition of multi-agent systems for useful Definition of multi-agent systems for useful interactionsinteractions at delivery. at delivery.
Support to self-management of learning scenarios Support to self-management of learning scenarios and environmentsand environments for meta-cognition. for meta-cognition.
IntegratIntegration ofion of multiple assistance agents multiple assistance agents into into process-based scenariosprocess-based scenarios: co-learners, SMEs, : co-learners, SMEs, coaches, managers, FAQ, Intelligent Help Systems...coaches, managers, FAQ, Intelligent Help Systems...
Top Related