Municipal Government BuildingHuaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” E

ASHRAE 2016 Student Project Competition ISBD Category - Integrated Sustainable Building DesignSavannah College of Art & Design P.O. Box 3146 Architecture Department Savannah, GA 31402-3146

Faculty AdvisorDr. Emad M. Afi fi

Professor of Architecture 912.525.6876

eafi fi @scad.edu

Student Team LeaderAlex West alwest23@student.scad.edu

SCAD ASHRAE Student BranchEichberg Hall, Architecture DepartmentP.O. Box 3146Savannah, GA 31402-3146

Team MembersAbdul Alharib aalhar20@student.scad.eduBates Hagood bhagoo20@student.scad.eduDang Nguyen tnguye34@student.scad.eduKawai Yam kawyam20@student.scad.edu

ContentsDesign IntentProgramLocationSiteClimate & Energy AnalysisAir QualityIndoor Air QualitySustainable SystemsHVAC SystemsHVAC Zoning & Plan DiagramStructural SystemsPerspective Views Building SectionsResources

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ProgramDesign Intent This community building is located in the little town Huaibeizhuanjcun northeast of Beijing, China. It is based on the concept of integrating nature and community. The idea is to create a building that connects the commu-nity service building and the natural environments. The building is split into two. Half of the building is embedded in the ground while the other half sits on top. The embedded half will provide a li-brary, computer lab, and classroom space for the community. The other half will be where the services for the community will be conducted.The reason for earth-berming the building is two-fold. One, it symbolically allows nature to encroach seamlessly into the built environment. Second-ly, by embedding part of the building, the heating and cooling load of the building will be reduced due to thermal mass. On top of that it allows for the reuse of the earth that will be displaced due to construction. The roof of the embedded half will be a green roof. A geothermal heat pump is another sustainable strategy that is used. The geothermal heat pump will be installed during the process of embedding the building into the ground. It will help reduce the cost of heating and cooling of the building.

Basic Spaces Sq. Meters Sq. FeetEntry/ Reception/ Service Areas 576.7 6,207.50Open Offices 120 1,291.70Private Offices 105.2 1,132.40Conference Rooms 92.5 995.7Classrooms 420 4,520.80Break Room 80 861.1Library 258.1 2,778.20Media Room 101.6 1,093.60Computer Labs 118.7 1,277.70Garage (EMT) 99.9 1,075.30Bedrooms x2 (EMT) 52.4 564Restrooms 195.2 2,101.10Clinic 79.6 856.8Storage 52.7 567.2Mechanical Rooms 214.6 2,309.90Circulation 945.5 10,177

Additional SpacesCafé 83.3 896.6Auditorium 131.1 1,411.10GardensWater FeatureOutdoor Spaces

Total3 727.1 40 117.7

Beijing, China39° 54’ 26” N 116° 23’ 50” E

Location

Huaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” ELocation

Huaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” E

Site

1: 4000 4 8 12 16 20

Site

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Daylight

(Angles and

Duration)

Lat: 39.5

Long: 116

Daylight hours

range from 15

hours in June

to 9.5 hours

in December.

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Climate & Energy AnalysisSolar

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Annual Wind Data

Primary wind directions

are north-east and

south-west.

The wind speed is

typically between

5-8mph

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ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Temperature

(Averages

by Month)

Max: 87°F in July

Min: 15°F in

January

Average temp.

ranges from 24°F

to 79°F

Comparitively,

in Savannah, Ga.

the average temp.

ranges from 49°F

to 82°F

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Climate & Energy Analysis

Temperature Wind

Monthly Wind Roses

Annual Wind Rose (Speed Distribution)

Annual Wind Rose (Frequency)

Climate & Energy Analysis

Humidity

Monthly Design Data

Diurnal Weather Averages

Climate & Energy Analysis

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Percipitation

(Averages

by Month)

The annual rainfall total in Beijing is 23in.

There is minimal rain durring the Fall, Winter, and Spring, but ex-

tremely high rainfall durring the Summer.

Comparitively, Savannah, Ga. has an annual toatl rainfall of 48in, and

it rains persistently throughout the year.

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Precipitation

This energy analysis was created by Revit. The settings of which are:

Building Type: Town HallLocation: 40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” EExport Category: RoomsExport Complexity: Simple Shading SurfacesProject Phase: New ConstructionMass Ext. Wall: Lightweight Const.- Typ. Mild Climate InsulationMass Int. Wall: Lightweight Const.- No InsulationMass Ext. Wall Underground: High Mass Const.- Typ. Mild Climate InsulationMass Roof: High Insulation-Cool RoofMass Floor: Lightweight Const.- Typ. InsulationMass Slab: High Mass Const.- Cold Climate Slab InsulationMass Glazing: Triple Plane Clear- LowE Hot or Cold ClimateMass Shade: BasicMass Opening: AirHVAC System: 2 Pipe Fan Coil System, Chiller and Boiler

The settings are as close as I could get them to simulate what I designed for my building.

Climate & Energy Analysis

Energy Use: ElectricityEnergy Use: Fuel

Annual Energy Use/CostAnnual Carbon EmissionsBuilding Performance Factors

Climate & Energy Analysis

Monthly Heating Load

Monthly Cooling Load

Monthly Fuel Consumption

Monthly Electricity Consumption

Monthly Peak Demand

Climate & Energy Analysis

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Air Quality

Air quality is measured by

the AQI (Air Quality Index)

It measures the amounts of

various pollutants in the

air:

-PM2.5: Airborne particles

less than 2.5μm in diameter

-PM10: Airborne particles

less than 10μm in diameter

-O3: Ozone Levels

-NO2: Nitrogen Dioxide

-SO2: Sulfur Dioxide

-CO: Carbon Monoxide

ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis

Air Quality

“In the past 24 hours, Beijing’s real-time air quality index (AQI) reached 400 micrograms per cubic me-ter, a level that results in serious risk of adverse respi-ratory effects in the general population..... The World Health Organization (WHO) deems anything over 25 micrograms per cubic meter as unsafe.”

Forbes Science Dec. 2015 Trevor Vance

Indoor Air Quality

Vegetation Filtration

Given the fact that China’s and especially Beijing’s air quality is unhealthy. Indoor air quality becomes am important issue. Indoor air quality is affected by both outdoor and indoor pollutants. Some of the strategies of improving indoor air quality are: operable windows, vegetation, walk off matts, and the filters used in the HVAC system. Operable windows can be used to completely flush out the building on days that the outside air quality is decent. Vegetation both on the roof and around the site will help filter the air. The leaves will trap the pollutants which will then be washed off during storms. Walk off matts reduce the amount of debris that is tracked into the building from peoples shoes. The walk off matts will have to be cleaned regularly. The building will be using a fan coil system for its HVAC. Each fan coil unit will have it’s own filter built in. In addition to this though, there will be a couple of fresh air intake ducts that service the fan coil units that are not able to be placed against an exterior wall. These fresh air intake ducts will have their own set of filters.

Walk off MattsOperable Windows

Sustainable Systems

Thermoplastic Water-proofi ng Membrane

Protection Course

Root Barrier

Drainage Layer

Thermal insulation

Aeration Layer

Moisture Retention Layer

Reservoir Layer

Filter Frabric

Engineered Soil

Loose-laid Retention Tee

Flashing

Cap

Railing

Typ. Green Roof Section

Given China’s ecological situation, sustainability is a key factor in any design. For the community building I decided that using green roofs and SIPS panels would be a must. The green roofs will provide several benefi ts. First it will act as a thermal insulator for the building. Second, it will absorb rain, thus reducing storm runoff from the site. Finally, the vegetation will help fi lter the air around the building. The SIPS panels will provide better insulation for the roofs it is used on thus reducing the heating and cooling load and saving energy.

The HVAC system that will be used in the building will be a Hybrid GHP (Ground Heat Pump) system. The Hybrid GHP will tie into a closed water loop fan coil system which will provide the heating and cooling for the spaces.

HVAC SystemProposed - Hybrid Geothermal System

HVAC System Proposed - Fan Coil System

HVAC System

The building will use both ceiling mounted fan coil units and under window units depending on location within the building.

Proposed - Fan Coil System

HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams

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Ground Floor HVAC Plan

SupplyReturnSprinkler

Pump

Thermostat

Diverter Valve

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Plate Heat Exchanger

Fresh Air Inlet

Geothermal Unit

Boiler

Pond used as Heat source/ sink

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First Floor HVAC Plan

HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams

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Second Floor HVAC Plan

HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams

Structural Systems

Ground & First Floors

Structural Systems

Second Floor & Roof

Structural Systems

Perspective Views

Perspective Views

Perspective of the main approach to the building. Shows main entry, ADA accessibility, and facade of building.

Perspective Views

Perspective of the educational wing of the building. Shows verti-cal circulation, natural daylighting, and the pond. The pond will be used for geothermal heating and cooling of the building.

Perspective Views

Perspective of the whole building. Shows the two entries, the facade, and form of the building.

Littoral Zone

MetalimnionWater to Ground Heat Transfer

Metalimnion

Littoral Zone

Chimney

Boiler

Building Sections

Pond as heat sink

Building Sections

Green Roof

Main Mechanical Room

Building Sections

Resources

Allen, Edward, and Joseph Iano. The Architect’s Studio Companion: Rules of Thumb for Preliminary Design. New York: Wiley, 2002. Print.

ASHRAE Greenguide. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Re frigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2010. Print

Class Research Projects ARCH 405 2016- Climate Research Section

Federal Energy Management Program DOE/EE-0258, http://smartener gy.illinois.edu/pdf/archive/hybridgeothermalheatpumps.pdf, web, 2016

Heavy Timber Truss & Frame- www.heavytimbers.com/sips.html, web, 2016

Kwok, Alison G, and Walter T. Grondzik. The Green Studio Handbook: Environmental Strategies for Schematic Design. Oxford: Architectur al, 2007. Print.

Revit Energy Calculator

TRANE- www.trane.com