@ASEAN
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ASEAN Economic CommunityChartbook 2015
ASEAN Economic Community
The ASEAN SecretariatJakarta
Chartbook 2015
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August 1967. The Member States of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.
For inquiries, contact:
The ASEAN SecretariatCommunity Relations Division (CORD)70A Jalan SisingamangarajaJakarta 12110IndonesiaPhone : (62 21) 724-3372, 726-2991Fax : (62 21) 739-8234, 724-3504E-mail : [email protected]
Catalogue-in-Publication Data
ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, April 2016
339.9591. ASEAN – Statistics2. Economics – Trade – Investment
ISBN 978-602-0980-69-0
General information on ASEAN appears online at the ASEAN Website: www.asean.org
The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, provided proper acknowledgement is given and a copy containing the reprinted material is sent to the Community Relations Division of the ASEAN Secretariat, Jakarta
Copyright Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2016.All rights reserved
iASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 ASEAN in the Global Economy 1.1 Total Population 1 1.2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (at current price) 2 1.3 GDP per capita (at current price) 3 1.4 GDP per capita (PPP*) 4 1.5 Trade in Goods 5 1.6 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 6
2 ASEAN Economy 2.1 Annual GDP Growth 7 2.2 GDP per Capita (at current price) 8 2.3 Consumer Price Index in ASEAN6 (base year = 2005) 9 2.4 Consumer Price Index of Transport and Housing in ASEAN6 (base year = 2005) 10 2.5 Rate of Change Currencies-to-US Dollar (period average) 11 2.6 Currencies-to-US Dollar (period average) 12
3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation 3.1 Average Tariff Rates on Intra-ASEAN Imports 13 3.2 Commodity Items with Zero Tariff 14
4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.1 Trade in Goods 15 4.2 Trade in Goods as Share of GDP 16 4.3 Intra- and Extra-ASEAN Trade in Goods 17 4.4 ASEAN Member States Exports of Goods by Destination, 2014 18 4.5 ASEAN Member States Imports of Goods by Origin, 2014 19 4.6 Top Ten Export Commodities in 2 Digit-HS*, 2014 20 4.7 Top Ten Import Commodities in 2 Digit-HS*, 2014 21 4.8 Intra-ASEAN Top 5 Trade Commodities in 2-digit HS*, 2014 22 4.9 Extra-ASEAN Top 5 Trade Commodities in 2-digit HS*, 2014 23
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners 5.1 Total Trade with Dialogue Partners 24 5.2 Share of Trade with Dialogue Partners in ASEAN’s Total Trade 25 5.3 Exports of Goods to Dialogue Partners 26 5.4 Imports of Goods from Dialogue Partners 27 5.5 Trade Balance with Dialogue Partners 28 5.6 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Australia-New Zealand, 2014 29 5.7 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Canada, 2014 30
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ii ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5.8 Top 5 Trade Commodities with China, 2014 31 5.9 Top 5 Trade Commodities with EU-28, 2014 32 5.10 Top 5 Trade Commodities with India, 2014 33 5.11 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Japan, 2014 34 5.12 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Republic of Korea, 2014 35 5.13 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Russian Federation, 2014 36 5.14 Top 5 Trade Commodities with USA, 2014 37
6 ASEAN Trade in Services 6.1 Trade in Services 38 6.2 Exports of Services by Broad Headings 39 6.3 Imports of Services by Broad Headings 40 6.4 Intra-ASEAN Exports of Services by Broad Headings 41 6.5 Intra-ASEAN Imports of Services by Broad Headings 42
7 Investments in ASEAN 7.1 NetInflowsofFDIbyASEANMemberStates 43 7.2 NetInflowsofFDIsasShareofGDPbyASEANMemberStates 44 7.3 NetInflowsofFDIbySourceCountries 45 7.4 NetInflowsofFDIbySourceCountries 46 7.5 NetInflowsofFDIbyActivity,2014 47
8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.1 Internet Subscribers/Users and Cellular Phone Density (per 100 persons) 48 8.2 Ratio of Paved Road to Total Road Length 49 8.3 Tourist Arrivals 50
iiiASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
ASEAN Economic Community
Chartbook 2015
INTRODUCTION
CAVEAT
CONTENTS
The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Chartbook 2015, provides statistical updates on the various dimensions of the ASEAN economic community based primarily on data submitted by the ASEAN Member States (AMS). It covers the period of 2007, the year the Declaration on the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint was signed, to 2014.
The AEC Chartbook, now in its 9th edition, aims to walk its readers through the different developments taking place in the ASEAN region ranging from demography, economy, international trade, investment to infrastructure, in eight sections as follows:
1. ASEAN in the Global Economy situates the region in the global economy in terms of its population, economic size and growth, trade, and investment.
2 ASEAN Economy looks into key macroeconomic trends and developments within the region.
3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation illustrates the progress made by the member states in promoting and facilitating free flow of goods within the region through tariff liberalisation.
4 ASEAN Trade Performance examines the trends of exports and imports of goods, composition and direction of trade within the region and with the rest of the world.
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners maps the region’s trade position and the concentration and dependencies of traded commodities with its dialogue partners
6 ASEAN Trade in Services describes the trends of export and import of services within ASEAN and with the rest of the world.
7 Investment in ASEAN highlights the inflows of foreign direct investment into the region.
8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community examines other important elements characterising the regional economy i.e.information and communications technology, infrastructure, and tourism.
The charts presented in this publication are based on data available in the various databases being maintained by the ASEAN Secretariat as submitted through relevant ASEAN working groups and/or data sharing schemes and/or as gathered from official publications and websites of the AMS and international organisations, as of 31 December 2015.
Some data were derived/estimated using basic statistical approaches employed by the ASEAN Secretariat. Unless otherwise stated, these figures are in no way considered as official statistics, and are used only to give indicative information.
iv ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 In
mill
ion
pers
ons
China India ASEAN UnitedStates
Indonesia Brazil Pakistan Nigeria Bangladesh Russia Japan
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1,368
622
319 252 203 186 174 158 146 127
1,276
20132007 2014
After China and India, ASEAN’s population was the third largest in the world at 622 million in 2014, an increase of almost 10% from 566 million in 2007.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
1.1 Total Population
ASEAN in the Global Economy
2 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 1 ASEAN in the Global Economy
1.2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (at current price)
ASEAN is the seventh richest economy in the world and third among the Asian countries. In 2014, the region’s share to the world’s GDP at 3%, was at par with Brazil, Italy and India.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
in m
illio
n US
dol
lars
Share to World GDP, 2014
India2.7%
Italy2.8%
Brazil3.0%
ASEAN3.2%
France3.7%
UnitedKingdom
3.8%Germany
5.0%
Japan6.0%
China13.4%
UnitedStates22.4%
Rest of the world
33.9%
GDP at current price
India
Italy
Brazil
ASEAN
France
United Kingdom
Germany
Japan
China
United States
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
2,051
2,148
2,347
2,574
2,834
2,950
3,874
4,602
10,357
17,348
2013
2007
2014
3ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
11 ASEAN in the Global Economy
Qatar
Luxembourg NorwaySwitzerland Australia
United States
San MarinoIreland
ASEAN
Denmark Sweden
119,488
96,93093,990
86,468
61,066 60,947 58,53856,820
54,411 54,370
4,135
105,82384,904
69,167 63,630
45,056 58,655
53,122
82,008
61,635
47,955
2,341
In US dollars
2007 20
13 2014
ASEAN GDP per capita has increased by 76% from US$2,341 in 2007 to US$4,135 in 2014.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
1.3 GDP per capita (at current price)
4 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 ASEAN in the Global Economy
Qatar Luxembourg Singapore BruneiDarussalamUnited ArabEmirates
San Marino Switzerland Hong KongSAR ASEAN
2007 20
13 2014
Kuwait Norway
137,162
97,639
83,06679,890
70,68667,166 66,347
60,88758,149
55,097
10,725
116,969
90,636
64,42180,698
66,616 61,89972,892 84,307
51,335
43,143
6,953
The region’s GDP per capita (PPP) has increased to US$10,725 in 2014, from US$6,953 in 2007. Two ASEAN countries, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam were among the top 5 economies with the highest GDP per capita (PPP) in the world.
* Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) dollar takes into account the differences in the purchasing power of the US dollar in the countries. PPP $1 in a country, say Cambodia, has the same purchasing power as PPP $1 in all other countries in the world.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
1.4 GDP per capita (PPP*)
5ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 ASEAN in the Global Economy
1.5 Trade in Goods
With a total trade of US$2.5 trillion in 2014, ASEAN accounted for 7% of the world’s total trade in 2014, placing it fourth after China, USA and Germany.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and UNComtrade
In b
illio
n US
dol
lars
Total Trade
Netherlands
Republic of Korea
United Kingdom
France
Japan
Hong Kong
ASEAN
Germany
USA
China
1,079
1,099
1,224
1,233
1,502
1,633
2,529
2,713
4,186
4,445
2013
2007
2014
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,0000
Rest of the world
41.6%
Share to World Total Trade, 2014
Germany7.3%
ASEAN6.8%
Hong Kong4.4%
Japan4.1%
France3.3%
United Kingdom
3.3%
Republic of Korea
3.0%
Netherlands2.9%
China12.0%
USA11.3%
6 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
1 ASEAN in the Global Economy
1.6 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
In 2014, comprising 11% of the world total inflows, ASEAN was the top recipient of FDI in the world, followed by China and Hong Kong.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and UNCTAD
In b
illio
n US
dol
lars
Total FDI Inflows
Australia
Canada
British Virgin Islands
Brazil
Singapore
United Kingdom
United States
Hong Kong
China
ASEAN
52
54
57
62
68
72
92
103
129
136
2013
2007
2014
50 100 150 200 2500
Share to World Total FDI Inflows, 2014
Rest of the world
32.8%
Australia 4.2%Canada
4.4%
British Virgin Islands 4.6%
Brazil 5.1%
Singapore 5.5%
United Kingdom
5.9%
United States 7.5%
Hong Kong 8.4%
China 10.5%
ASEAN 11.1%
54
7ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.1 Annual GDP Growth
The region’s GDP grew at 4.6% in 2014, lower by 2.0 percentage points from 2007. GDP growth in CLMV remained higher than in ASEAN6 during the same period.
Note: ASEAN6 = Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand; CLMV = Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt
15
10
5
0
-5
20132007 2014
0.5
-2.3
10.2
7.06.3
5.16.0
7.56.3 6.0
12.0
8.7
6.66.1
9.1
2.9
5.0
0.7
7.16.0 6.3
4.3
8.7
6.9 6.6
4.6
Cam
bodi
a
Indo
nesi
a
Lao
PDR
Mal
aysi
a
Mya
nmar
Philip
pine
s
Sing
apor
e
Thai
land
Viet
Nam
ASEA
N6
CLM
V
ASEA
N
Brun
ei
Daru
ssal
am
8 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.2 GDP per capita (at current price)
Member States’ GDP per capita varied widely. In 2014, GDP per capita in Singapore and Brunei Darussalam reached more than US$40,000; while GDP per capita in Cambodia stood at US$1,100. In Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand, the GDP per capita ranged from US$2,800 to US$10,700.“
Note: Myanmar’s data is based on the exchange rate in the IMF-WEO database of October 2015, which is US$1 = 995 kyats (for 2014).
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
In U
S do
llars
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2007 2013 2014
Brun
ei
Daru
ssal
am
Cam
bodi
a
Indo
nesi
a
Lao
PDR
Mal
aysi
a
Mya
nmar
Philip
pine
s
Sing
apor
e
Thai
land
Viet
Nam
ASEA
N6
CLM
V
ASEA
N
41,535
1,105 3,901 1,730
10,784
1,278 2,816
56,287
5,4362,053
5,0051,709 4,135
9ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.3 Consumer Price Index in ASEAN6 (base year = 2005)
From 2013 to 2014, overall prices in Indonesia and Philippines grew considerably by 8.4% and 4.2% respectively. Similarly, Indonesia’s food prices increased by 7.8 %, followed by Philippines (6.7%), Malaysia (3.3%), and Singapore (3.0%).
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
200
180
160
140
120
100
200
180
160
140
120
100
Overall Food
2005 20052006 20062007 20072008 20082009 20092010 20102011 20112012 20122013 20132014 2014
IndonesiaIndonesia
PhilippinesPhilippines
Thailand
Thailand
Malaysia
Malaysia
BruneiDarussalam
BruneiDarussalam
SingaporeSingapore
10 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.4 Consumer Price Index of Transport and Housing in ASEAN6 (base year = 2005)
Transport and housing prices in Indonesia registered an increase of 11.7% and 8.3%, respectively in 2014. On the other hand, Singapore’s transport prices fell by 1.2% while housing prices in Brunei Darussalam slightly dropped by 0.7%.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
180
160
140
120
100
180
160
140
120
100
Transport Housing
Indonesia
Indonesia
Philippines
Philippines
Thailand
Thailand
Malaysia
Malaysia
BruneiDarussalam Brunei
Darussalam
Singapore
Singapore
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
11ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.5 Rate of Change Currencies-to-US Dollar (period average)
Except for the Indonesian Rupiah, ASEAN Member States’ currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar depreciated in 2014. The Myanmar Kyat and Thailand Baht depreciated the most, by 6.1% and 5.9%, respectively.
Note: Myanmar’s Kyat-to-dollar exchange rate is based on the IMF World Economic Outlook Database as of October 2015
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
In p
erce
nt
15
10
5
0
-5
2013 2014
BruneiDarussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam
A positive (+) rate of change connotes currency depreciation while a negative (-) rate of change indicates currency appreciation.
1.20.3
2.3
3.8
6.1
3.4
1.3
5.9
0.9
1.0
12 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
2 ASEAN Economy
2.6 Currencies-to-US Dollar (period average)
Note: Myanmar’s Kyat-to-dollar exchange rate is taken from the IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
Source: ASEAN Secretariat and IMF World Economic Outlook October 2015
60
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0
2013 20132007 20072014 2014
Philip
pine
s
Cam
bodi
a
Indo
nesi
a
Lao
PDR
Mya
nmar
Viet
Nam
Thai
land
32.5
44.3
4,041
10,485
8,030
995
21,1314
3
2
1
0
20132007 2014
Brun
ei
Daru
ssal
am
Mal
aysi
a
Sing
apor
e
1.27
3.28
1.27per U
S do
lar
per U
S do
llar
per U
S do
llar
13ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation
3.1 Average Tariff Rates on Intra-ASEAN Imports
Average tariff rate on intra-ASEAN imports in CLMV has dropped to 0.54% in 2015 from 1.3% in 2014, bringing the ASEAN average rate on intra-ASEAN imports down to 0.23% in 2015 from 0.54% in 2014.
Note : From 2007-2009, based on Common Effective Preferential Tariff; 2010 onward, based on ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt
7.00
4.50
4.00
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.002007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
CLMV, 0.54
ASEAN, 0.23ASEAN6; 0.03
CLMV, 4.44
ASEAN, 2.58
ASEAN6; 1.32
14 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation
3.2 Commodity Items with Zero Tariff
Since 2010, ASEAN6 has applied zero tariff to nearly 100% of the agreed commodity list. In the CLMV countries, tariff duties have been eliminated for more than 90% of the agreed commodity list in 2015, compared to 72.5% in 2014.
Note : From 2007-2009, based on Common Effective Preferential Tariff; 2010 onward, based on ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt
Num
ber
100
75
50
25
0
105,000
85,000
65,000
45,000
25,000
5,000
-15,0002007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
bar chart: in percentline chart: in absolute number
ASEAN ASEAN6 CLMVASEAN ASEAN6 CLMV
15ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.1 Trade in Goods
In 2014, the region’s total trade in goods grew slightly by 0.7% reaching US$2,529 billion compared to US$2,512 billion in the previous year.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In b
illio
n US
dol
lar
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
Total Trade, 2,529
Extra-ASEAN, 1,920
Intra-ASEAN, 608
Total Trade, 1,611
Extra-ASEAN, 1,209
Intra-ASEAN, 402
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
16 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.2 Trade in Goods as Share of GDP
In 2014, total trade in goods accounted for 98% of GDP. Intra-ASEAN trade share to GDP remained relatively stable at 24%.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt o
f GDP
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Total Trade, 98%
Extra-ASEAN, 75%
Intra-ASEAN, 24%
Total Trade, 122%
Extra-ASEAN, 92%
Intra-ASEAN, 30%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
17ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.3 Intra-and Extra-ASEAN Trade in Goods
Intra-ASEAN trade has steadily accounted for nearly 25 percent of the region’s total trade in recent years.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
2014
Extra-ASEAN 75.9%
Intra-ASEAN 24.1%
2013
Extra-ASEAN 75.8%
Intra-ASEAN 24.2%
2007
Extra-ASEAN 75.0%
Intra-ASEAN 25.0%
In percent share
18 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.4 ASEAN Member States Exports of Goods by Destination, 2014
Lao PDR, Myanmar and Singapore exported most of its products within the region while Viet Nam, Cambodia and Philippines shipped most of their commodities outside ASEAN.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
0 10 20 30 50 50 60 70 80 90 100
In percent share
ASEAN
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Intra-ASEAN
Extra-ASEAN
19ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.5 ASEAN Member States Imports of Goods by Origin, 2014
Brunei Darussalam, Lao PDR and Myanmar imported most of their commodity items from within the region, accounting for more than 50% of these countries’ total imports of goods.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
0 10 20 30 50 50 60 70 80 90 100
In percent share
ASEAN
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Intra-ASEAN
Extra-ASEAN
20 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.6 Top Ten Export Commodities in 2 Digit-HS*, 2014
Mineral fuels/oils and their related products, electrical-related products and nuclears-related equipment/appliances were the top three commodity exports, constituting almost 50% of ASEAN total exports.
*HS - Harmonized System
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin 2%
Rubber and articles thereof 3%
Organic chemicals 3%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical
or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof
3%Animal or vegetable fats and oils and
their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes
3%Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-
stock, and parts and accessories thereof 3%
Plastics and articles thereof 3%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof
11%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes
16%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 22%
Others 31%
21ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.7 Top Ten Import Commodities in 2 Digit-HS*, 2014
Mineral fuels/oils and their related products, electrical-related products and nuclears-related equipment/appliances accounted for more than 50% of ASEAN imports.
*HS - Harmonized System
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share Articles of iron or steel 2%
Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals
clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin
2%Organic chemicals
2%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments
and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 2%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof
3%
Iron and steel 3%
Plastics and articles thereof 4%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof
13%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 22%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 20%
Others 27%
22 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.8 Intra-ASEAN Top 5 Trade Commodities in 2-digit HS*, 2014
Mineral fuels/oils and their related products were the major intra-ASEAN export and import commodity items, accounting for 26% and 30%, respectively.
*HS - Harmonized System
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportMineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 26%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 30%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 19%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 19%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 12%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 10%
Plastics and articles thereof 4%
Plastics and articles thereof 4%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 4%
Others 35%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 4%
Others 33%
23ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
4 ASEAN Trade Performance
4.9 Extra-ASEAN Top 5 Trade Commodities in 2-digit HS*, 2014
The main export and import items of extra-ASEAN trade were electrical-related products and mineral fuels/oils and related products.
*HS - Harmonized System
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 4%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 12%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 24%
Plastics and articles thereof 3%
Others 46%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 20%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 20%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 13%
Iron and steel 4%
Plastics and articles thereof 3%
Others 40%
Export Import
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 11%
In percent share
24 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.1 Total Trade with Dialogue Partners
In 2014, the region’s total trade with China amounted to US$367 billion, followed by Japan (US$229 billion), USA (US$212 billion), and EU-28 (US$209 billion).
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
China Japan USA EU-28Australia-New Zealand India
RussianFederation Canada
2007 20
13 2014
Republic of Korea
366,526
229,042212,429 209,473
131,439
81,08167,708
22,54313,155
178,189187,307
61,20947,771
In million US dollars
37,2435,401
9,496
171,089 173,056
25ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.2 Share of Trade with Dialogue Partners in ASEAN’s Total Trade
China has continued to increase its share to ASEAN’s total trade, reaching 14.5% in 2014. Meanwhile, shares of EU-28, Japan and USA have declined in recent years.
Note: ANZ= Australia-New Zealand; ROK= Republic of Korea; Russia= Russian Federation
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
2007 2013 2014ANZ3.0%
ANZ3.1%
ANZ3.2%
Canada0.6%
Canada0.5%
Canada0.6%
China10.6%
China14.0%
China14.5%
EU-2811.6%
EU-289.8% EU-28
8.3%
India2.3% India
2.7%
India2.7%
Japan10.7%
Japan9.6%
Japan9.1%
ROK3.9%
ROK5.4%
ROK5.2%
Russia0.3%
Russia0.8%
Russia0.9%
USA11.1%
USA8.2%
USA8.4%
Others45.9%
Others45.9%
Others47.2%
26 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.3 Exports of Goods to Dialogue Partners
China has become the top destination of ASEAN’s exports with share to total exports increasing from 9% in 2007 to almost 12% in 2014. In contrast, the shares of EU-28, Japan and USA have declined in recent years.
Note: ANZ= Australia-New Zealand; ROK= Republic of Korea; Russia= Russian Federation
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
2007 2013 2014ANZ 3.6%
ANZ 4.0%
ANZ 4.0%
Canada 0.6%
Canada 0.6%
Canada 0.6%
China 9.1% China
12.0%China 11.6%
EU-28 12.6% EU-28
9.8%EU-28 8.0%
India 2.9%
India 3.3%
India 3.4%
Japan 9.9%
Japan 9.7%
Japan 9.3%
ROK 3.4%
ROK 4.2%
ROK 4.0%
Russia 0.2%
Russia 0.4%
Russia 0.4%
USA 12.3%
USA 9.0%
USA 9.5%
Others 45.4%
Others 47.1%
Others 49.2%
27ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
In percent share
5.4 Imports of Goods from Dialogue Partners
In 2014, ASEAN’s imports of Chinese-made products have intensified while shipments from Japan and USA have moderated.
Note: ANZ= Australia-New Zealand; ROK= Republic of Korea; Russia= Russian Federation
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
2007
ANZ 2.2%
Canada 0.6%
China 12.4%
EU-2810.5%
India1.7%
Japan11.7%
ROK4.2%
Rusia0.4%
USA9.6%
Others 46.6%
2013
ANZ 2.1%
Canada 0.5%
China 16.0%
EU-289.8%
India2.1%
Japan9.5%
ROK6.6%
Rusia1.2%
USA7.5%
Others 44.7%
2014
ANZ 2.4%
Canada 0.5%
China 17.5%
EU-288.5%
India2.0%
Japan8.8%
ROK6.5%
Rusia1.4%
USA7.3%
Others 45.2%
28 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5.5 Trade Balance with Dialogue Partners
The region has consistently ran trade surplus with Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India, Japan, and USA. On the other hand, ASEAN has widened trade deficit with China, Republic of Korea, and Russian Federation since 2007.
Note: A positive value indicates trade surplus; the region is a net exporter.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In b
illio
n US
dol
lars
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
-10,000
-20,000
-30,000
-40,000
-50,000
-60,000
-70,000
-80,000
20132007 2014
ANZ Canada China EU-28 India Japan Republic of Korea
RussianFederation
USA
24,557
1,785
-65,713
-1,841
18,94411,406
-28,191
-11,713
32,321
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
29ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.6 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Australia-New Zealand, 2014
Mineral fuels, oils and related products were the major traded items, both exports and imports, with Australia and New Zealand.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export Import
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 35%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 10%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 7%
Articles of iron or steel 4%
Others 32%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 12%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 19%
Cereals 8%
Nickel and articles thereof 6%
Meat and edible meat offal 4%
Others 52%
Dairy produce; birds’ eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 11%
30 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.7 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Canada, 2014
Exports to Canada were mainly electrical machinery/equipment and articles of apparel and clothing accessories. Imports consisted of fertilizers and nuclear reactors, boilers and mechanical appliances.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportElectrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 18%
Fertilisers 15%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 9%
Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard 11%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 5%
Cereals 10%
Rubber and articles thereof 5%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 8%
Others 51%
Others 43%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 12%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 13%
31ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.8 Top 5 Trade Commodities with China, 2014
Electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts thereof accounted for nearly 30% of the region’s trade with China.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportElectrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 27%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 30%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 10%
Iron and steel 6%
Plastics and articles thereof 7%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 4%
Rubber and articles thereof 6%
Articles of iron or steel 3%
Others 38%
Others 39%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 12%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 18%
32 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.9 Top 5 Trade Commodities with EU-28, 2014
Exports to EU-28 mainly consisted of electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders/reproducers, and parts thereof, while imports chiefly comprised nuclear reactors, boilers and mechanical appliances.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportElectrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 25%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 21%
Footwear, gaiters and the like; parts of such articles 5%
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 7%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 4%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 5%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 4%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 5%
Others 50%
Others 45%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 12%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 17%
33ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.10 Top 5 Trade Commodities with India, 2014
Similar to trade with Australia and New Zealand, the region’s export and import items with India mostly consisted of mineral fuels, oils and related products.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportMineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 23%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 29%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 12%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 7%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 10%
Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin 5%
Organic chemicals 6%
Cereals 4%
Others 34%
Others 48%
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 15%
Organic chemicals 7%
34 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.11 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Japan, 2014
Mineral fuels, oils and related products were the region’s primary exports to Japan, while nuclear reactors, boilers and mechanical appliances topped the list of its imported items from Japan.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportMineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 25%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 22%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 8%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 10%
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 5%
Iron and steel 9%
Plastics and articles thereof 3%
Plastics and articles thereof 5%
Others 40%
Others 34%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 19%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 20%
35ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.12 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Republic of Korea, 2014
Exports to the Republic of Korea largely comprised mineral fuels, oils and related products while imports were mostly made up of electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts thereof.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportMineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 29%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 6%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 4%
Organic chemicals 3%
Others 35%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 31%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 23%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 22%
Iron and steel 6%
Plastics and articles thereof 5%
Others 28%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 8%
36 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
5.13 Top 5 Trade Commodities with Russian Federation, 2014
The region’s chief export products to Russian Federation were electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts thereof. On the other hand, mineral fuels, oils and related products accounted for three-fourths of ASEAN’s imported goods from Russian Federation.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Export ImportElectrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 27%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 75%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 9%
Nickel and articles thereof 6%
Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof 6%
Fertilisers 5%
Plastics and articles thereof 4%
Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin 1%
Others 43%
Others 6%
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 11%
Iron and steel 7%
37ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
5.14 Top 5 Trade Commodities with USA, 2014
Electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts thereof comprised nearly one-fourth of ASEAN’s exports to USA. Imports from USA contained mainly of electrical machinery/equipment, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts thereof and nuclear reactors, boilers and mechanical appliances.
Note: Based on 2-digit Harmonized System code
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
5 ASEAN Trade with Dialogue Partners
In percent share
Export ImportElectrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 24%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 21%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 9%
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 9%
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 6%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 6%
Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 5%
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 5%
Others 42%
Others 39%
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 14%
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 20%
38 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
6 ASEAN Trade in Services
6.1 Trade in Services
ASEAN trade in services has increased significantly over time, with total import and export reaching US$314 billion and US$306 billion respectively, both accounting for approximately 12% of the region’s GDP in 2014.
Note: Based on IMF Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In b
illio
n US
dol
lars
% o
f GDP
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Total Import, 14.0%
Total Import, 314.0
Total Import, 12.2%
Total Export, 12.8%
Total Export, 305.8
Total Export, 11.9%
2007 20072008 20082009 20092010 20102011 20112012 20122013 20132014 2014
Total Import, 185.7
Total Export, 168.9
39ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
6 ASEAN Trade in Services
6.2 Exports of Services by Broad Headings
Travel, Transportation and Other business services were consistently the major exports of services in ASEAN, constituting a combined share of 80% of the region’s total exports of services.
Note: Based on IMF Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others.
Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Transport
Travel
Construction
Insurance and pension services
Financial services
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e
Telecommunications, computer, and information services
Other business services
Personal, cultural, and recreational services
Government goods and services, n.i.e.
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
21.1%
21.3%
23.0%
24.4%
26.4%
35.4%
35.8%
34.7%
33.5%
31.8%
23.2%
23.1%
22.7%
21.5%
21.7%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
40 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
6 ASEAN Trade in Services
6.3 Imports of Services by Broad Headings
With a total share of 76%, Transport, Travel, and Other business services continued to be the major sectors of ASEAN’s imports of services in 2014.
Note: Based on IMF Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others.
Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Transport
Travel
Construction
Insurance and pension services
Financial services
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e
Telecommunications, computer, and information services
Other business services
Personal, cultural, and recreational services
Government goods and services, n.i.e.
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
33.4% 20.5% 22.0%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
33.4%
35.2%
36.5%
35.7%
19.8%
20.0%
19.5%
20.3%
22.8%
21.2%
21.1%
20.8%
41ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
6 ASEAN Trade in Services
6.4 Intra-ASEAN Exports of Services by Broad Headings
Travel services along with Transport and Other business services have consistently comprised more than 85% of intra-ASEAN’s exports of services.
Note: Based on IMF Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In percent share
Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others.
Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Transport
Travel
Construction
Insurance and pension services
Financial services
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e
Telecommunications, computer, and information services
Other business services
Personal, cultural, and recreational services
Government goods and services, n.i.e.
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
15.0%
15.4%
16.4%
16.8%
16.9%
53.5%
53.1%
52.9%
54.6%
54.3%
16.1%
16.0%
16.1%
15.1%
14.4%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
42 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
6.5 Intra-ASEAN Imports of Services by Broad Headings
Similarly, Transport, Travel, and Other business services were the main sectors for intra-ASEAN’s imports of services, with a total share of 86% to ASEAN imports of services in 2014.
Note: Based on IMF Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
6 ASEAN Trade in Services
In percent share
Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others.
Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Transport
Travel
Construction
Insurance and pension services
Financial services
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e
Telecommunications, computer, and information services
Other business services
Personal, cultural, and recreational services
Government goods and services, n.i.e.
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
25.4% 42.6% 17.8%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
24.8%
26.5%
29.4%
29.9%
43.1%
43.1%
40.5%
40.6%
17.9%
16.7%
17.7%
17.2%
43ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
7 Investments in ASEAN
7.1 Net Inflows of FDI by ASEAN Member States
In 2014, Singapore continued to be the major recipient of FDI in ASEAN, with inflows amounting to US$72 billion. Meanwhile, Viet Nam led the CLMV countries with US$9.2 billion of FDI inflows.
Note: ASEAN6 = Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand; CLMV = Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
2010
2010
2011
2011
2012
2012
2013
2013
2014
2014
80,00070,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000
0
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
In m
illio
n US
Dol
lars
Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand
Cambodia Lao PDR Myanmar Viet Nam
44 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
7 Investments in ASEAN
7.2 Net Inflows of FDI as Share of GDP by ASEAN Member States
In 2014, FDI inflows in Singapore accounted for 23.4% of the country’s GDP. During the same period, FDI inflows in Cambodia and Lao PDR have exceeded their shares to GDP in 2007 at 10.3% and 7.8%, respectively.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt o
f GDP
BruneiDarussalam
Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN
3.3
10.3
2.3
7.8
3.3
1.52.2
23.4
3.14.9 5.3
20132007 2014
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
45ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
7 Investments in ASEAN
7.3 Net Inflows of FDI by Source Countries
FDI inflows in ASEAN reached US$136.2 billion in 2014, an increase of US$18.5 billion (16%) from 2013. After recording a huge drop in 2008, the FDI share to GDP has rebounded in 2010 and remained relatively stable in recent years. In 2014, FDI inflows in ASEAN was about 5.3% of its GDP; extra-ASEAN made up 4.3% while intra-ASEAN accounted for 0.9%.
Note: For 2012-2013, Lao PDR’s data on ‘by source country’ are not yet available; intra-/extra-ASEAN breakdowns for 2012-2013 were estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat. Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In m
illio
n U
S do
llars
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
02007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total, 136,181
Extra-ASEAN, 111,804
Intra- ASEAN, 24,377
In p
erce
nt o
f GD
P
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
02007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total, 5.3
Extra-ASEAN, 4.3
Intra-ASEAN, 0.9
46 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
02007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
7 Investments in ASEAN
7.4 Net Inflows of FDI by Source Countries
The major source countries of FDI inflows in the region were EU-28, Intra-ASEAN, Japan, USA and China.
Note: For 2012-2013, Lao PDR’s data on ‘by source country’ are not yet available; intra-/extra-ASEAN breakdowns for 2012-2013 were estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
EU, 29,268
ASEAN, 24,377
Japan, 13,381
USA, 13,042
China, 8,869
47ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
7 Investments in ASEAN
7.5 Net Inflows of FDI by Activity, 2014
FDI inflows in financial and insurance activities comprised 33% of the region’s total FDI inflows, followed by manufacturing (17%), other services activities (15%), and wholesale and retail trade (13%).
Other services activities. 14.6%
Manufacturing 16.8%
Financial and Insurance activities 32.6%
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles 12.9%
Real estate activities 7.6%
Mining and quarrying 5.5%
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.4%
Information and communication 1.9%
Construction 0.9%
Professional, scientific and technical activities 0.8%Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 0.3%Administrative and support service activities 0.2%Accomodation and food service activities 0.1%
Human health and social work activities 0.2%
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 0.1%
Education 0.0%
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 0.0%
Arts, entertainment and recreation
0.0%
Transportation and storage 2.0%
In percent share
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
48 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community
8.1 Internet Subscribers/Users and Cellular Phone Density (per 100 persons)
The number of internet subscribers/users in ASEAN Member States continued to increase in 2014. Similarly, there is a steady increase in the number of cellular phone users. In 2014, there are more than 100 number of cellular phones per 100 persons in all of the ASEAN Member States with the exception of Lao PDR and Myanmar.*
* This indicates that 1 person owns more than 1 unit of cellular phone in these countries.
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
Internet subscribers/users per 100 persons
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Celullar phone per 100 persons
20 1000 040 20060 80 1002010 2011 2012 2013 20142010 2011 2012 2013 2014
49ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community
8.2 Ratio of Paved Road to Total Road Length
There is a marked improvement in Myanmar’s road condition as shown by the increase in the ratio of paved road to total road length from 24% in 2013 to 52% in 2014 .
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In p
erce
nt
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
02010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Singapore
Philippines
Malaysia
Indonesia
Myanmar
Lao PDRCambodia
Viet Nam
Thailand
Brunei Darussalam
50 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2015
8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community
8.3 Tourist Arrivals
Tourist arrivals in ASEAN grew by 2.8 percent, reaching 105 million in 2014 from 102 million in 2013. Malaysia maintained its top spot as the favorite tourist destination in the region, with a share of 26% of the total visitor arrivals, followed by Thailand (24%) and Singapore (14%).
Note: Prior to 2013, Brunei Darussalam data covered only visitor arrivals by air transport
Source: ASEAN Secretariat
In th
ousa
nd p
erso
ns
BruneiDarussalam
Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN
3,886 4,5039,435
4,159
27,437
3,081 4,833
15,095
24,780
7,874
105,084
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
20142007 2013
@ASEAN
ASEAN
www.asean.org one vision one identity
one community
ASEAN Economic CommunityChartbook 2015
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