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AS 2118.6—2012 Automatic fire sprinkler systemsPart 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant systems in multistorey buildings

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This Australian Standard® was prepared by Committee FP-004, Automatic Fire Sprinkler

Systems. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 25 July 2012.

This Standard was published on 21 September 2012.

The following are represented on Committee FP-004:

• Association of Consulting Engineers Australia

• Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authorities Council

• Australian Building Codes Board

• Australian Industry Group

• Australian Institute of Building Surveyors

• Consumers Federation of Australia

• Department of Defence (Australia)

• Department of Human Services (Victoria)

• Engineers Australia

• Fire Protection Association Australia

• Independent Chairperson

• Insurance Council of Australia

• National Fire Industry Association

• Testing Interests (Australia)

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 08142.

Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that

contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the

Committee and through the public comment period.

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FPAA – reproduced with the permission of Standards Australia under licence CL0610fpa

AS 2118.6—2012

Australian Standard®

Automatic fire sprinkler systems

Part 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant systems in multistorey buildings

Originated as AS 2118.6—1995. Second edition 2012.

COPYRIGHT

© Standards Australia Limited

All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written

permission of the publisher, unless otherwise permitted under the Copyright Act 1968.

Published by SAI Global Limited under licence from Standards Australia Limited, GPO Box

476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia

ISBN 978 1 74342 227 4


AS 2118.6—2012 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Australian members of the Standards Australia

Committee FP-004, Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems, to supersede AS 2118.6—1995,

Automatic fire sprinkler systems, Part 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant systems.

This edition includes provision for 35 m pressure zones in addition to the 50 m pressure

zones introduced in the first (1995) edition. Detailed steps and graphs are included in

Appendix G.

The AS 2118 suite of sprinkler Standards has been restructured into two groups: Systems

(AS 2118 series) and Component (AS 4118 series). The complete series comprises the

following:

AS

2118 Automatic fire sprinkler systems

2118.1 Part 1: General systems

2118.2 Part 2: Drencher systems

2118.3 Part 3: Deluge systems

2118.4 Part 4: Sprinkler protection for accommodation buildings not exceeding four

storeys in height

2118.5 Part 5: Home fire sprinkler systems

2118.6 Part 6: Combined sprinklers and hydrant systems in multistorey buildings

(this Standard)

4118 Fire sprinkler systems

4118.1.1 Part 1.1: Components—Sprinklers and sprayers

4118.1.2 Part 1.2: Components—Alarm valves (wet)

4118.1.3 Part 1.3: Components—Water motor alarms

4118.1.4 Part 1.4: Components—Valve monitors

4118.1.5 Part 1.5: Components—Deluge and pre-action valves

4118.1.6 Part 1.6: Components—Stop valves and non-return

4118.1.7 Part 1.7: Components—Alarms valves (dry)

4118.1.8 Part 1.8: Components—Pressure-reducing valves

4118.2.1 Part 2.1: Piping—General

The use of Notes in this Standard are of an advisory nature only to give explanation or

guidance to the user on recommended design considerations or technical procedures, or to

provide an informative cross-reference to other documents or publications. Notes to clauses

in this Standard do not form a mandatory part for compliance with this Standard.

This Standard incorporates commentary on some of the clauses. The commentary

directly follows the relevant clause, is designated by ‘C’ preceding the clause number

and is printed in italics in a panel. The commentary is for information only and does not

need to be followed for compliance with the Standard.

The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in the appendices of this Standard

to define the application of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an

integral part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and

guidance.


3 AS 2118.6—2012

CONTENTS

Page

FOREWORD .............................................................................................................................. 5

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................... 6

1.2 OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................ 6

1.3 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 6

1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES .................................................................................... 6

1.5 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 7

SECTION 2 SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................... 8

2.2 LOCATION, ACCESS AND SIGNAGE ..................................................................... 8

2.3 LOCATION AND ACCESS TO FIRE MAIN ISOLATING VALVES ..................... 11

2.4 ACCESS TO FIRE HYDRANTS .............................................................................. 11

2.5 PROTECTION OF SUPPLY PIPING ........................................................................ 12

2.6 FIRE MAIN (RING) RETICULATION .................................................................... 12

2.7 PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVES .......................................................................... 13

2.8 WATER SUPPLIES .................................................................................................. 13

2.9 FIRE BRIGADE BOOSTER ..................................................................................... 15

2.10 RELAY PUMPS ........................................................................................................ 15

2.11 FIRE ALARM INITIATION ..................................................................................... 16

2.12 FIRE ALARM SIGNALLING ................................................................................... 16

2.13 FAULT MONITORING OF ISOLATING VALVES ................................................ 16

SECTION 3 PIPES, VALVES AND FITTINGS

3.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 17

3.2 PIPING ................................................................................................................... ... 17

3.3 VALVES, MONITORS AND BOOSTERS ............................................................... 17

SECTION 4 ACCEPTANCE TESTING

4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 18

4.2 PRE-TEST PREPARATION ..................................................................................... 18

4.3 HYDROSTATIC TEST ............................................................................................. 18

4.4 PROVING OF WATER SUPPLIES .......................................................................... 18

4.5 RECORDING OF TEST RESULTS .......................................................................... 19

APPENDICES

A NORMATIVE REFERENCES .................................................................................. 20

B SYMBOLS USED IN THIS STANDARD ................................................................. 21

C TYPICAL SYSTEM LAYOUTS ............................................................................... 22

D STAIRS ..................................................................................................................... 23

E TYPICAL SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLY AND FIRE HYDRANT ............. 24

F SYSTEM SCHEMATIC ............................................................................................ 26

G TYPICAL SYSTEM PRESSURE ZONES ................................................................ 27

H PRESSURE REDUCTION ........................................................................................ 33

I WATER SUPPLIES—OPERATING PRESSURES .................................................. 34

J GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS

FOR COMBINED SYSTEMS ................................................................................... 35

K WATER SUPPLY SOURCES ................................................................................... 63


AS 2118.6—2012 4

Page

L SYSTEM LAYOUT................................................................................................... 66

M COMBINED SPRINKLER AND HYDRANT SYSTEMS CALCULATION

OF WATER SUPPLY TANK SIZING ...................................................................... 67


5 AS 2118.6—2012

FOREWORD

The combined sprinkler and hydrant system for multistorey buildings greater than two

storeys in height is based on the principles of a common reticulation system serving both

sprinklers and hydrants. It provides an alternative design approach to the conventional

separate sprinkler and separate hydrant systems specified under AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1

respectively. However, a combined sprinkler and hydrant system is a choice; it is not

mandatory to install a combined sprinkler and hydrant system in multistorey buildings.

Combined systems are designed and installed for economic reasons as in certain cases,

combining sprinklers and hydrants in one system is a demonstrated cost-effective measure.

AS 2118.1 incorporates provisions for combined water supplies and piping serving fire

sprinklers and fire hydrants in low-rise manufacturing and storage complexes. Such system

arrangements have proved to be cost-effective for buildings of this character.

The combined sprinkler and hydrant system is extended in this Standard, which has to be

read in conjunction with AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1. It specifies dual water supplies and

vertical ring main supply piping arranged in pressure zones accommodating both sprinkler

and hydrant systems.

In line with AS 2118.1, this edition of AS 2118.6 includes provision for permanent on-site

signage of key installation, pumpset and pressure-reducing valve settings to facilitate

ongoing maintenance and servicing activities. It also includes provision of typical system

schematics, together with floor-specific block plans aimed at facilitating fire fighting

operations.


AS 2118.6—2012 6

© Standards Australia www.standards.org.au

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard

Automatic fire sprinkler systems

Part 6: Combined sprinkler and hydrant systems in multistorey buildings

S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L

1.1 SCOPE

This Standard sets out minimum criteria for the design, installation and commissioning of

combined sprinkler and hydrant systems (including fire hose reels where appropriate) in

multistorey buildings greater than two storeys in height.

NOTES:

1 The installation of a combined system to this Standard is a choice; it is not mandatory to

install a combined sprinkler and hydrant sprinkler system in multistorey buildings.

2 This Standard does not apply to buildings less than three storeys in height, for example, large

floor area factories and warehouses where the sprinkler and hydrant systems are normally

provided to AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1 respectively. Such buildings may have an in-ground

common fire ring main (see AS 2118.1).

3 This Standard should not be used for sprinkler systems classified as high hazard

(see AS 2118.1 and Appendix M).

1.2 OBJECTIVE

1.2.1 Objective of Standard

The objective of this Standard is to provide designers and installers with minimum criteria

for the design and installation of systems that combine light and ordinary hazard fire

sprinkler systems and hydrant systems in multistorey buildings greater than two storeys in

height.

1.2.2 Objective of revision

This Standard is to be referenced in BCA to replace the 1995 edition which will be

withdrawn 12 months from the date of publication of this Standard.

1.3 APPLICATION

A combined sprinkler and hydrant system to this Standard shall comply with the design

criteria of AS 2419.1 for the hydrant part of the combined system and AS 2118.1 for the

sprinkler part of the combined system.

1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The normative documents referenced in this Standard are listed in Appendix A.


7 AS 2118.6—2012

www.standards.org.au © Standards Australia

1.5 DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Standard the definitions below apply.

1.5.1 Combined system

An integrated system of fire sprinklers and fire hydrants using combined piping reticulation

and water supplies designed to simultaneously supply sufficient water to meet the flow and

pressure requirements of both sprinkler and hydrant systems.

1.5.2 Fire main

Piping, valves, and fittings providing water supply from water sources to any sprinkler stop

valve and any fire hydrant valve complying with AS 2419.2.

1.5.3 Sprinkler control assembly

A group of sprinkler installation water supply valves comprising isolating (main stop)

valve, alarm (non-return) valve and associated drain and test valves, pressure gauges and

pressure or flow switch.

1.5.4 Sprinkler main stop valve

The main sprinkler installation water supply isolating (stop) valve forming part of a

sprinkler control assembly.


AS 2118.6—2012 8


S E C T I O N 2 S Y S T E M D E S I G N C R I T E R I A

2.1 GENERAL

A combined sprinkler and hydrant system designed in accordance with this Standard shall

comply with—

(a) applicable sections of AS 2118.1; and

(b) applicable sections of AS 2419.1;

(c) applicable sections of AS 2941.

NOTES:

1 For symbols used in this Standard, see Appendix B.

2 For a typical system design, see Appendix L.

C2.1 A combined fire system for multistorey buildings is based on the principles of a

common reticulation system serving both sprinklers and hydrants and, as a choice,

provides an alternative design approach to the conventional separate sprinkler, and

separate hydrant systems specified under AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1 respectively. In

addition to complying with this Standard, a combined system should also comply with

AS 2118.1 for the sprinkler part, AS 2419.1 for the hydrant part and AS 2941 for

components in the combined system.

Often a combined system is chosen for economic reasons as, in certain cases, combining

sprinklers and hydrants is a cost-effective measure.

2.2 LOCATION, ACCESS AND SIGNAGE

2.2.1 Sprinkler control assemblies and fire hydrants

2.2.1.1 General

Within a building sprinkler control assemblies and fire hydrants shall be located in an

egress as provided for in the BCA.

NOTES:

1 For example, located—

(a) within a fire-isolated exit, or internally as may be required by AS 2419.1; or

(b) within a fire-isolated passageway, ramp or room directly accessible from a fire-isolated

exit.

2 Sprinkler control assemblies and fire hydrants should be located so as not obstruct the

minimum required egress width.

3 Typical locations are illustrated in Figure C1, Appendix C.

2.2.1.2 Typical locations—Positioning

Sprinkler control assemblies and fire hydrants shall be accessible for maintenance and shall

be positioned as follows:

(a) For fire hydrants, in accordance with AS 2419.1.

(b) For each sprinkler control assembly, between 1150 mm and 1800 mm from floor level

and located so as not to obstruct fire brigade access to any fire hydrant.

NOTE: A typical sprinkler control assembly and fire hydrant and a schematic of some are

illustrated in Figures E1 and E2 respectively, Appendix E.


9 AS 2118.6—2012


2.2.1.3 Egress stairs

In the case of stairs, sprinkler control assemblies shall be located where practicable such

that one stair entry provides access to all sprinkler control assemblies.

NOTE: Typical arrangements are shown in Figure D1, Appendix D.

2.2.2 Sprinkler stop valve signage

A location plate shall be affixed externally to the exit door from which access to the

sprinkler control assemblies/sprinkler stop valves can be gained.

The plate shall include the words ‘COMBINED FIRE HYDRANT AND SPRINKLER

STOP VALVE(S) INSIDE’, which shall be not less than 35 mm high and in white on a

black background.

2.2.3 System signage

The separate signage requirements of AS 2118.1, AS 2419.1 and AS 2941 shall be replaced

by a combined system signage (including the wording specified below) at the following

locations:

(a) ‘COMBINED FIRE HYDRANT AND SPRINKLER BOOSTER’ at the fire brigade

booster.

(b) ‘COMBINED FIRE HYDRANT AND SPRINKLER PUMP ROOM’ at the pump

room.

(c) ‘SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLY’ at each sprinkler valve set.

2.2.4 System schematic

A system schematic shall be provided at the following locations:

(a) The fire brigade booster(s) location.

(b) Fire control room.

(c) Fire pump room.

(d) Internally at each level providing access to sprinkler assemblies.

The system schematic shall be in the form of a permanent and waterproof diagram, and

shall contain, as a minimum, the location of the following system elements:

(i) Sprinkler control assemblies.

(ii) All water supply isolation valves.

(iii) Fire main isolation valves.

(iv) Fire hydrants.

(v) Fire hose reels where connected to the combined system.

(vi) Capacity and location of water storage tanks.

(vii) Location of pumps.

(viii) Year of installation.

(ix) Identification of the area(s) protected, related hazard classification(s), design

density(ies), and pressure and flow requirements for sprinkler and hydrant systems.

(x) Number of hydrants required to operate simultaneously.

(xi) Pressures(s) and flow(s) required for the combined system relative to the system test

points.

(xii) Location of all fire brigade booster(s).

NOTE: A typical system schematic is illustrated in Figure F1, Appendix F.


AS 2118.6—2012 10


2.2.5 Floor block plans

A floor block plan shall be provided at each control assembly on each floor and shall

include—

(a) a layout of the area each control assembly serves;

(b) the location of all isolation valves in the area served;

(c) the location of all fire hydrants and hose reels where connected to the combined

system in the area served; and

(d) the location of any pumpsets in the area served.

2.2.6 Pressure schedules and labels

2.2.6.1 General

Pressure gauge schedules, expressed in kilopascals, shall be located in each pump room.

They shall be in the form of permanent charts that are water resistant and fade resistant, and

include the following:

(a) Standing (‘no flow’) water supply pressures.

(b) Pump shut-off pressure(s).

(c) All pressure-reducing valve operating pressures, where applicable.

(d) Ring main pressure maintenance (jockey) pump cut-in and cut-out pressures.

(e) Pump cut-in pressure(s).

(f) Pump pressure-relief valve(s) operating pressure(s).

NOTE: A typical pressure gauge schedule is shown in Figure 2.2.6.

2.2.6.2 Labels—Control assemblies

Labels shall be located at each control assembly and indicate the following

(see Figure 2.2.6):

(a) Standing installation pressure downstream of control assembly.

(b) Maximum and minimum standing pressure upstream of control assembly.

2.2.6.3 Labels—Pressure-reducing stations

Labels shall be located at each pressure-reducing station and indicate the following:

(a) Upstream pressure.

(b) Downstream (reduced) pressure.

(c) Relief valve operating pressure.

2.2.7 Valve list

A water supply valve list, including valve unique number, location and whether monitored

or locked, shall be located in each pump room.


11 AS 2118.6—2012


Items Pressure kPa

Normal Minimum Maximum

First water supply

Second water supply (dual water supply only)

Electric pump delivery pressure at shut-off

(churn without water flow)

Diesel pump delivery pressure at shut-off

(churn without water flow)

System pressure-reducing valve (upstream)

System pressure-reducing valve (downstream)

Pumps Cut-in pressure

kPa

Cut-out pressure

kPa

Pressure maintenance (jockey) pump

Electric pump N/A

Diesel pump N/A

Pressure-relief valves Opening kPa Closing kPa

System pressure-reducing valve—Relief valve setting

Pump pressure-relief valve

Control assembly label

Pressure gauge—control assemblies Maximum kPa Minimum kPa

Standing installation pressure downstream of control assembly

Standing pressure upstream of control assembly

Pressure-reducing station label

Pressure-reducing valve Maximum kPa Minimum kPa

Standing pressure upstream of pressure-reducing valve

Standing pressure downstream of pressure-reducing valve

Relief valve operating pressure

FIGURE 2.2.6 TYPICAL PRESSURE SCHEDULE

2.3 LOCATION AND ACCESS TO FIRE MAIN ISOLATING VALVES

Within a building access to a fire main isolating valve shall be from within a ‘fire-isolated

exit’.

2.4 ACCESS TO FIRE HYDRANTS

Fire hydrants shall not be located within a locked enclosure. Where located in an enclosure,

hydrants shall remain accessible at all times.


AS 2118.6—2012 12


2.5 PROTECTION OF SUPPLY PIPING

Piping between the source of water supply and the ring main(s) shall be subject to the fire

resistance and mechanical protection requirements of AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1.

2.6 FIRE MAIN (RING) RETICULATION

2.6.1 General

The combined sprinkler and hydrant system shall incorporate ring main(s) that comply with

the following:

(a) One ring for each pressure zone.

(b) The vertical piping of ring main(s) shall be located within fire isolated exits or shafts.

(c) Adjoining pressure zones shall not share common horizontal interconnections. Each

interconnection shall be located within the pressure zone it shares.

(d) The velocity in each ring main shall not exceed 4 m/s with the total flow taken in one

direction only.

(e) Ring main piping shall be not less than DN 100.

NOTES:

1 Ring main pipe sizing should be determined by hydraulic calculation in accordance with

AS 2118.1.

2 It is not intended that the ‘flow taken in one direction’ requirement of Item (d) be applied to

friction loss calculations.

3 For information on sprinkler and hydrant demand point calculations, see Appendix J.

2.6.2 Pressure zones

Pressure zones not exceeding 35 m in height shall be provided to prevent—

(a) the pressure at any sprinkler head exceeding the limitations imposed by AS 2118.1;

and

(b) the pressure at any fire hydrant exceeding the limitations imposed by AS 2419.1.

NOTE: Figures G1, G2 and G3, Appendix G, illustrate pressure zones not exceeding 35 m in

height and Figures G4, G5 and G6, Appendix G, illustrate pressure zones from 35 m to a

maximum of 50 m in height.

Where higher pressure sprinklers and hardware, including pressure-reducing hydrant valves,

are listed for higher working pressures, the pressure zones may be increased up to a

maximum of 50 m in height.

CAUTION: 50 m pressure zone arrangements require appropriate fire brigade

boosting capability. Confirm availability with attending fire brigade before

selecting this design option.

C2.6.2 The static pressure head of 35 m and the requirement for a firefighting tip

hydrant outlet pressure of 700 kPa results in pressure zones of approximately 1045 kPa.

This is consistent with the requirements of AS 2118.1 for 1200 kPa, which allows for a

safety factor for sprinklers, which are generally manufactured to working pressure of

approximately 1200 kPa. Where sprinklers are listed for higher working pressures, the

static head within a pressure zone may be increased to a maximum of 50 m, which

allows for higher pressures acceptable to the fire brigade when using pressure-reducing

valves for hydrants that limit the outlet pressure to a maximum of 1200 kPa.


13 AS 2118.6—2012


The vertical portions of the ring mains shall be located within separate fire-rated exits

(stairways) or fire-rated riser shafts. In the case of adjoining pressure zones that do not

share a common horizontal interconnection, each interconnection shall be located within its

own pressure zone.

2.6.3 Pressure zone isolating valves

Each pressure zone shall incorporate isolating valves arranged so that—

(a) not less than 75% of fire hydrants in that zone; and

(b) not less than 50% of fire hydrants at each floor level,

can remain operable upon isolation of any section of the ring main.

Isolating valves shall be monitored, as required by Clause 2.13, and located such that no

more than four storeys of sprinklers would be isolated.

NOTE: For an illustration of a typical system layout, see Appendix L.

2.6.4 Sprinkler floor-isolating valves

Each floor served by sprinklers shall be provided with a monitored isolating valve

(see Clause 2.13) so that it can be separately isolated for maintenance.

2.6.5 Sprinkler drain-down valves

Suitable sprinkler drain-down valves and drain piping shall be provided to allow for any

one level to be separately drained for maintenance. (See also Clauses 3.2 and 3.3.)

2.7 PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVES

Where pressure-reducing valves are incorporated, they shall comply with the requirements

of AS 4118.1.6, and shall be provided with a monitored isolating valve, as required by

Clause 2.13, on each side of the pressure-reducing valve.

NOTE: For an illustration of a pressure-reducing station layout, see Figure H1, Appendix H.

2.8 WATER SUPPLIES

2.8.1 General

All combined sprinkler and hydrant systems shall be provided with at least one water

supply (single supply) arranged to facilitate verification testing (see AS 2118.1).

Systems that are installed in buildings exceeding 25 m in effective height shall be provided

with two acceptable water supplies (dual supply).

Except as provided for in this Standard, the duration and capacity of the water supply for

tanks shall be the combination of that required in AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1.

Where connections are made to town mains water supplies (direct or indirect from tanks),

the installation shall comply with AS/NZS 3500.1 for cross-connection control and

backflow prevention.

NOTE: For typical water supply and valve arrangements, see Appendix K.

A combined sprinkler and hydrant system shall have—

(a) a minimum operating pressure of 700 kPa at the highest hydrant of each zone; and

(b) a maximum operating pressure of 1200 kPa at the bottom of each 35 m high zone; or

(c) an operating pressure not exceeding the maximum working pressure of high pressure

sprinklers or reducing hydrant valves, whichever is the lesser at the bottom of each

50 m high zone.


AS 2118.6—2012 14





Where pumps are installed, the ‘cut-in’ pressure setting(s) shall be a minimum of the duty

point of the highest hydrant or the duty point of the most hydraulically disadvantaged

sprinklers.

NOTE: See Figure I1, Appendix I.

2.8.2 Combined system pressure

Where the town water supply cannot provide the required pressure for the combined system,

not less than two pumps shall be provided in accordance with AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1.

2.8.3 Combined system flow

The combined system water flow rate shall be the aggregate of the fire hydrant flow in

accordance with the requirements of AS 2419.1, and the sprinkler flow in accordance with

the requirements of AS 2118.1.

Where the acceptable source of supply (e.g. a town main water supply) is not capable of

providing the combined flow rate, additional on-site water storage shall be provided.

NOTES:

1 For water supply tank sizing, see Appendix M.

2 For worked examples, see Appendix J.

2.8.4 Supply-demand graph

A graphic representation of the complete hydraulic characteristics of the combined system

and each water supply shall be plotted for each pressure zone on semi exponential graph

paper (N1.85).

NOTE: For worked examples, see Appendix J.

2.8.5 Source, capacity and duration of an acceptable water supply

The system water supply shall be sourced from one of the following:

(a) One on-site storage tank (single water supply) or two separate or compartmented

storage tanks (dual water supply, see Clause 2.8.1). Each single water supply tank

(break tank) capacity shall be not less than one-third of that required for the combined

flow for the specified period, subject to the provision of automatic inflow to make up

for the reduction within the specified period. Dual or compartmented dual water

supply tanks capacity shall each be not less than two-thirds of that required for the

combined flow for the specified period, without the provision of automatic make-up

inflow.

Notwithstanding any calculated tank capacity, the minimum sprinkler component for

each tank supply shall be 25 000 L and the minimum hydrant component shall be

25 000 L; that is, no combined system tank shall have a capacity of less than

50 000 L. No two tanks for a dual supply system shall have a combined capacity of

less than 100 000 L.

(b) One town main (single water supply) or two town mains (dual water supply) that form

part of an interconnected town main system. For a single water supply, the town main

shall be capable of providing water to the installation at the necessary pressure and

flow to permit proper operation, with or without pumps. For a dual water supply, each

town main shall be capable of providing water to the installation at the necessary

pressure and flow to permit proper operation, with or without pumps, and stop valves

shall be arranged so that, in the event of a failure of one town main within the overall

system, the other supply remains operative.


15 AS 2118.6—2012


(c) For a dual water supply, one town main and one on-site storage tank of two-thirds

capacity of that required for the combined flow for the specified period, without the

provision of automatic inflow to compensate for the reduced tank capacity. Each

supply shall be capable of providing water at the necessary pressure and flow to

permit proper operation with or without pumps.

(d) For a single water supply, one on-site break tank of one-third capacity of that

required for the combined flow, subject to the provision of automatic inflow to make

up for the reduction within the specified period.

Notwithstanding any calculated tank capacity, the minimum sprinkler component for each

tank supply shall be 25 000 L and the minimum hydrant component shall be 25 000 L; that

is, no combined system tank shall have a capacity of less than 50 000 L.

NOTES:

1 For typical water supply source illustrations, see Figures K1, K2 and K3, Appendix K.

2 For tank capacity calculations, see Appendix M.

3 The system water supplies should be capable of providing the maximum flow rate of the

combined systems. Appendix J provides methods for determination of supply demand.

4 The town main system should be fed from a source of at least 1 ML.

5 Except where varied by this Standard where a tank is required, its capacity should be for the

sprinkler system as specified in AS 2118.1 and for the hydrant system as specified in

AS 2419.1.

2.8.6 Fire brigade tank suction connections

Except where suction tank capacity exceeds that required for 60 min combined system flow,

fire brigade tank suction connections are not permitted.

C2.8.6 Combined system tanks are sized to provide hydrant water for a limited flow

first attack only, after which all hydrant water should come from the off-site hydrant

supply via the fire brigade booster facility.

2.8.7 Fire mains (feed)

A separate fire main (feed) shall supply each zone.

NOTE: See Figures G1, G2, G4 and G5, Appendix G.

In the case of systems using pressure-reducing arrangements, duplicate fire mains (feed)

shall supply the highest pressure zone.

NOTE: See Figure G3 and G6, Appendix G.

2.9 FIRE BRIGADE BOOSTER

The system shall be provided with a fire hydrant booster assembly in accordance with the

requirements of AS 2419.1. The number of feed fire hydrants and booster inlets shall

provide for the combined system demand.

NOTE: For a typical system layout incorporating fire brigade booster connections. See Figure L1,

Appendix L.

2.10 RELAY PUMPS

The system shall be provided with relay pumps in accordance with the requirements of

AS 2419.1. Relay pumps shall provide for the combined system demand.





AS 2118.6—2012 16


2.11 FIRE ALARM INITIATION

The sprinkler fire alarm shall be initiated via a flow switch or pressure switch and arranged

in accordance with the requirements of AS 2118.1.

2.12 FIRE ALARM SIGNALLING

Alarm signalling equipment shall comply with AS 4428.6. Each fire alarm initiating device,

in accordance with AS 2118.1 and shall be wired to a fire indicator panel (FIP). The

location of the FIP shall be in accordance with the requirements of AS 1670.1. Upon

actuation of the sprinkler system, an alarm signal shall be automatically transmitted to an

alarm monitoring and dispatch centre in accordance with AS 1670.3 and AS 2118.1.

The sprinkler alarm on each floor shall provide a separate indication at the FIP, clearly

identified as a sprinkler alarm for that particular floor.

Wiring between each switch and the FIP shall be Classification of not less than WS52W to

AS/NZS 3013.

2.13 FAULT MONITORING OF ISOLATING VALVES

Each sprinkler isolating valve, fire main isolating valve and any valve capable of isolating

the water supply to the system, shall be monitored separately at the FIP. Monitoring shall

comply with the requirements of AS 2118.1 and AS 2419.1.

The following isolating valves shall be monitored:

(a) Pressure zone isolating valves as required by Clause 2.6.3.

(b) Sprinkler floor-isolating valves as required by Clause 2.6.4.

(c) Isolating valves provided either side of pressure-reducing valve as required by

Clause 2.7.

(d) Any valve capable of isolating the water supply to the system.

NOTE: Valves required as a condition of connection to a water main by the water authority are

excluded from the provisions of this Clause.


17 AS 2118.6—2012


S E C T I O N 3 P I P E S , V A L V E S A N D F I T T I N G S

3.1 GENERAL

Pipes, valves and fittings shall comply with the requirements of AS 2118.1, AS 2419.1 and

AS 4118 series.

NOTE: Piping, valves and fittings should be appropriately rated to ensure that they are capable of

withstanding the pressures to which they will be subjected during commissioning, normal

operation, testing and fire brigade operations.

3.2 PIPING

3.2.1 Fire main and fittings

Fire mains and fittings shall meet the requirements of AS 2419.1.

3.2.2 Sprinkler pipe and fittings

Piping and fittings downstream of the sprinkler control assembly stop valve shall meet the

requirements of AS 2118.1.

3.3 VALVES, MONITORS AND BOOSTERS

Valves and ancillaries in the system shall comply with the requirements of AS 4118 series

as follows:

(a) Stop valves and non-return valves shall comply with the requirements of

AS 4118.1.6.

(b) Pressure-reducing valves shall comply with the requirements of AS 4118.1.8.

(c) Valve monitors shall comply with the requirements of AS 4118.1.4.

(d) Hydrant valves shall comply with AS 2419.2.

(e) Hydrant/sprinkler booster assemblies shall comply with the requirements of

AS 2419.3.


AS 2118.6—2012 18


S E C T I O N 4 A C C E P T A N C E T E S T I N G

4.1 GENERAL

The tests detailed in this Section shall be conducted at the acceptance testing and

commissioning stage.

NOTES:

1 A combined system to this Standard should be designed so that the water used for acceptance

testing and maintenance of the system is not wasted, rather it is re-used for some useful

purpose. In the case where on-site water storage is part of the system, the water used for

acceptance testing and maintenance of the system should be returned to the storage tank, or

used to augment rainwater supplies or for other site uses.

2 The water used for testing should not be used for domestic purposes such as human

consumption.

4.2 PRE-TEST PREPARATION

Upon completion, a combined system shall be flushed to remove any debris that may have

accumulated within the pipework during construction of the installation. All required

cabinets, doors, hold-open devices, signs, plans, padlocks, straps and any required on-site

documentation shall be complete.

4.3 HYDROSTATIC TEST

The ring main shall be tested to not less than 1700 kPa at the lowest level of the pipework

or 1.5 times the maximum working pressure, whichever is the greater, at the highest hydrant

in each pressure zone, whichever results in the greater testing pressure. The test shall be

applied for a duration of not less than 2 h.

4.4 PROVING OF WATER SUPPLIES

Flow tests shall be carried out to prove that the water supply is capable of meeting the

combined flow and pressure requirements of the system.

Performance testing (on-site proving of system design flow and pressure) shall be based on

the requirements of combined sprinkler and hydrant demand at the hydraulically most

unfavourable and favourable locations.

The flow-measuring device shall be either a proprietary device installed in accordance with

the manufacturer’s instructions, or a differential device manufactured and installed in

accordance with the requirements of AS 2941.

The flow-measuring device shall be installed at any point on the system downstream of the

datum point to which the hydraulic calculations are referenced. The test pressure gauge

shall be installed at or immediately adjacent to the system hydraulic calculation datum point

(see Note 1). Alternatively, flow measurement may be achieved by means of measuring

equipment attached to the most hydraulically disadvantaged hydrant valve.

NOTES:

1 For typical locations, see Appendix G.

2 Test water discharged through fire hydrants should be returned to tank via temporary hose

connections or similar means.


19 AS 2118.6—2012


Alternative locations for flow tests (on-site proving of system design flow and pressure)

shall be based on a single fire scenario for combined simultaneous sprinkler and hydrant

operation at the most hydraulically unfavourable location, referred to as—

(a) the storey (fire compartment) where served from a single sprinkler control valve

assembly, or

(b) the storey (fire compartment) and at the most hydraulically unfavourable sprinkler

control valve location, where multiple sprinkler control assemblies are serving that

storey as separate installations.

Where more than one hazard class is involved, whether on the same or separate

installations, testing facilities shall be provided to enable the full range of flows to be

measured.

In systems drawing from a pump suction tank, except where hydraulically precluded due to

tank elevation, waste water from the water supply flow test, pressure-relief, and circulation

relief facilities shall be piped to the tank.

NOTES:

1 Typical return-to-tank arrangements are illustrated in Appendix G.

2 When water supplies are marginal, care should be taken to ensure that pressure losses in the

drainpipe are not so high as to restrict the flow across the testing facility.

3 The discharge of water for testing of the hydrants via fire authority hoses is subject to the

relevant authority of the various State authorities (e.g. council, water or environmental

authorities). Where water discharge is not permitted at roof or street level according to the

required hydraulically disadvantaged location, proving of water supply/pressure by prior

alternative arrangement with all relevant authorities will be necessary.

C4.4 Where pumps are installed, the hydraulic calculation datum is usually at the

pump discharge and it is often more convenient to install the flow-measuring device

somewhere on the pumped supply, upstream of the pump discharge non-return valve.

This has the advantage of preventing backflow from the installation, increasing the flow

readings during testing. In all cases, care should be taken to ensure that the test results

are not distorted by such backflow.

4.5 RECORDING OF TEST RESULTS

Test results shall be recorded in accordance with the requirements of AS 2118.1, and

AS 2419.1.


AS 2118.6—2012 20


APPENDIX A

NORMATIVE REFERENCES

(Normative)

AS

1670 Fire detection, warning control and intercom systems—System design,

installation and commissioning

1670.1 Part 1: Fire

1670.3 Part 3: Fire alarm monitoring

2118—1999 Automatic fire sprinkler systems

2118.1 Part 1: General systems

2419 Fire hydrant installations

2419.1 Part 1: System design, installation and commissioning

2419.2 Part 2: Fire hydrant valves

2419.3 Part 3: Fire brigade booster connections

2941 Fixed fire protection installations—Pumpset systems

4118 Fire sprinkler systems (all parts)

AS/NZS

3013 Electrical installations—Classification of the fire and mechanical performance

of wiring system elements

3500 Plumbing and drainage

3500.1 Part 1: Water services

HB

20 Graphical symbols for fire protection drawings


21 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX B

SYMBOLS USED IN THIS STANDARD

(Normative)

Sprinkler control assembly

Pressure switch

Pressure gauge

Pump (general symbol )

Non-return valve (di rect ion of f low )

Stop valve—normal ly c losed

Stop valve—normal ly open

Stop valve—normal ly c losed (monitored)

Stop valve—normal ly open (monitored)

P

S

PS

FS

Fire br igade booster va lve in lets

Fire hydrant

Float va lve

Pressure-reducing valve—

Pressure-re l ief va lve

Relay pumpsetRP

Low pressure

M

M

High pressure

Flow switch

Flow measur ing connect ion

Spr ink ler

Spr ink lers

FIGURE B1 LEGEND OF SYMBOLS


AS 2118.6—2012 22


APPENDIX C

TYPICAL SYSTEM LAYOUTS

(Informative)

S

S

S

Minimum requiredegress widthMinimum requiredegress width

Spr ink ler controlassemblySpr ink ler controlassembly

Fire main (r ing)Fire main (r ing)


(c) Within a sta i r recess

(b) Within f i re-resistant room accessed f rom sta i r

To spr ink lers

Unlocked hydrant cabinetUnlocked hydrant cabinet

Secur i ty cabinet ( i f required)Secur i ty cabinet ( i f required)

(a) Within sta i r

Spr ink ler control assemblysecur i ty ( i f required)Spr ink ler control assemblysecur i ty ( i f required)

To spr ink lers

To spr ink lers

Unlocked accessUnlocked access

Spr ink ler control assemblysecur i ty ( i f required)Spr ink ler control assemblysecur i ty ( i f required)

Minimum requiredegress widthMinimum requiredegress width


NOTE: See Clause 2.2.1.

FIGURE C1 LOCATIONS OF SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLIES

AND FIRE HYDRANTS


23 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX D

STAIRS

(Informative)


FIGURE D1 ARANGEMENTS OF SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLIES

AND FIRE HYDRANTS WITHIN STAIRS


AS 2118.6—2012 24


APPENDIX E

TYPICAL SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLY AND FIRE HYDRANT

(Informative)

P

P

Combined main pressuregaugeCombined main pressuregauge

Annubar f low testat highest f loor of zone i f f low test cannot be achievedthrough the hydrant

Annubar f low testat highest f loor of zone i f f low test cannot be achievedthrough the hydrant

DN 40 system gateor bal l dra in valve( locked closed)

DN 40 system gateor bal l dra in valve( locked closed)

Secure cabineti f required.Sign wr i te ’spr ink lercontrol va lve’

Secure cabineti f required.Sign wr i te ’spr ink lercontrol va lve’

Monitored but ter f ly orbal l va lve (main spr ink lerstop valve)

Monitored but ter f ly orbal l va lve (main spr ink lerstop valve)

Non-return valveNon-return valve

Manual test bypassDN 15 gate or bal lva lve locked closed

Manual test bypassDN 15 gate or bal lva lve locked closed

DN 20 gate or bal lva lve normal ly openDN 20 gate or bal lva lve normal ly open

System pressureor f low switchSystem pressureor f low switch

System pressure gaugeSystem pressure gauge

1150 mm to 1800 mm1150 mm to 1800 mm

750 mm to 1200 mm750 mm to 1200 mm

DN 50 spr ink lersystem waste and test dra in

DN 50 spr ink lersystem waste and test dra in

Feed to spr ink lersystem distr ibut ionpipework

Feed to spr ink lersystem distr ibut ionpipework

Block plan andemergencyinstruct ions on wal lor mounted on doorinside cabinet

Block plan andemergencyinstruct ions on wal lor mounted on doorinside cabinet

DN 40 inspect ionplugDN 40 inspect ionplug

DN 65 hydrantDN 65 hydrant

Combined hydrantand spr ink ler systemfi re main

Combined hydrantand spr ink ler systemfi re main

DN 20 solenoidf loor- test va lve,operated f rom f i recontrol room

DN 20 solenoidf loor- test va lve,operated f rom f i recontrol room


FIGURE E1 TYPICAL SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLY AND FIRE HYDRANT


25 AS 2118.6—2012



FIGURE E2 TYPICAL SPRINKLER CONTROL ASSEMBLY

AND FIRE HYDRANT SCHEMATIC


AS 2118.6—2012 26


APPENDIX F

SYSTEM SCHEMATIC

(Informative)

NOTE: See Clauses 2.2.4.

FIGURE F1 TYPICAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR A COMBINED SPRINKLER

AND HYDRANT SYSTEM


27 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX G

TYPICAL SYSTEM PRESSURE ZONES

(Informative)

See Figures E1 and E2,Appendix E

See Appendix K

Zone height35 m max.

( typical )

S

S

S

1200 kPa max.

700 kPa min.

S

M M

M

M

M

MM

RP

M M

M

M

M

MM

M M

M

M

M

MM

M M

M

M

M

MMM

M

ZONE A

ZONE B

ZONE C

ZONE D

Relay boosterpump as required

M

M

RP RP

Mult i-stagepumps or

s imi lararrangement

NOTE: For typical system supply and demand calculations, see Paragraph J2.1, Appendix J, and Clause 2.6.2.

FIGURE G1 SYSTEM—35 m ZONE PRESSURE CONTROL—SCHEME 1


AS 2118.6—2012 28


See Appendix K

Test return

See FiguresE1 and E2,

Appendix E

Pumps� zone A only

Dual water supply(two 2/3 capacity tanks)

Zone height35 m max. ( typical )

S

700 kPamin.

1200 kPamax.

S

S

Relay boosterpump as required SRP

M M

MM

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

Breaktanks

ZONE A

M

ZONE B

M

ZONE C

M

ZONE D

M

M

MM M

M M

MM

M

M

Pumps� zoneB only

RP RP

Test return




29 AS 2118.6—2012


See Appendix K

See Appendix K

See FiguresE1 and E2, Appendix E

Test returnAlternat ive water supply(two 2/3 capacity tanks)

Pressure controlstat ion (typical ),see Figure H1,Appendix H

RP

S

S

S

S

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

MM

MM

M

ZONE A

ZONE B

ZONE C

ZONE D

M

Relay boosterpump as required

M

M 700 kPa min.

1200 kPa max.

M

M

RP RP

Zone height 35 m max.

( typical )




AS 2118.6—2012 30








31 AS 2118.6—2012








AS 2118.6—2012 32








33 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX H

PRESSURE REDUCTION

(Informative)

Drain

LEGEND:1 = Pressure-reducing valve (PRV )2 = Monitored f i re main isolat ion valves3 = Pressure-re l ief va lve 15 mm (set 50 kPa above the operat ing pressure of the PRV )4 = ‘Y’ type stra iner5 = Pressure gauge 6 = Test /dra in valve 40 mm—normal ly c losed7 = Isolat ion valve—normal ly open

23

To system test drain

6

High pressure

Fire main (r ing)

1

2

4

P

5

P

5

Low pressure

M

M7

System f low

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.

FIGURE H1 TYPICAL PRESSURE-REDUCING STATION


AS 2118.6—2012 34


APPENDIX I

WATER SUPPLIES—OPERATING PRESSURES

(Informative)

NOTES:

1 Highest sprinkler system duty required at the pump is 550 kPa. Therefore, this is the lowest pressure at

which an auto-start pump can be set. Highest hydrant system duty required at the pump is 1050 kPa. This

pressure can be ignored for auto start of the hydrant system as the sprinklers are likely to operate before

the hydrant system is required and consequentially start the pump. If this is not the case, the fire brigade

using the system will manually start the pump or boost with their appliances as required.

2 See Clause 2.8.1.

FIGURE I1 TYPICAL SYSTEM PRESSURE SETTINGS


35 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX J

GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR

COMBINED SYSTEMS

(Informative)

J1 SCOPE

J1.1 General

This Appendix provides typical worked examples of and sets out the method for

determining supply demand graphs for combined sprinkler and hydrant systems. It is not

envisaged that hose reels, if connected to the system, would be used simultaneously with

the sprinklers and hydrants and, therefore, are not included in these graphs.

J1.2 Graph methodology

Graphs are to be drawn on supply/demand (N1.85) graph sheets using the principles

described in AS 2118.1 for graphic representation of hydraulic characteristics. To produce

the combined systems demand curve, it is necessary to add the sprinkler flow to the hydrant

flow at a given pressure, as shown in Figure J1. The hydrant/sprinkler demand point is the

intersection of the system friction loss curve and the combined hydrant/sprinkler demand

curve as shown in Figure J1.


AS 2118.6—2012 36


FIG

UR

E

J1

T

YP

ICA

L S

UP

PL

Y G

RA

PH

ME

TH

OD

OL

OG

Y


37 AS 2118.6—2012


J2 SYSTEM SUPPLY-DEMAND CALCULATIONS

J2.1 Scheme 1—Zones A, B, C and D—35 m maximum zone height

For systems with separate supplies for each pressure zone up to 35 m high as depicted in

Figure G1 (Scheme 1), the following method should be used:

(a) Using full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss

from the pump to the number of hydrants required to be operating at the flow required

by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants on each pressure zone.

If any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on the

highest or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.

(b) Using full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss

from the pump to the most unfavourable and favourable operating areas of the

sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors on each pressure zone. If any floor

in the zone has a higher hazard or different pipe arrangement than the highest or

lowest floors, these should also be calculated.

(c) Plot the demand points and system demand curves calculated above, as shown in

Figures J2, J3, J4 and J5, using the principles described in ‘graphic representation of

hydraulic characteristics’ in AS 2118.1.

(d) From the hydrant and sprinkler systems demand curves, the demand point of the

combined systems may be calculated as the crossing point of the curves for each floor

as depicted in Figures J2, J3, J4 and J6. The highest combined flow/pressure demand

point is the demand point of the zone. This may not be the highest floor if one of the

lower floors has a larger number of hydrants operating or a higher sprinkler hazard

than the highest floor.

(e) The water supply curves can now be added by selecting suitable pumps and

equipment to achieve curves that do not exceed the 1200 kPa maximum limit on the

lowest hydrant, exceed the demand points by more than 50 kPa and achieve the

maximum flow rate of the system as shown in Figures J2, J3, J4 and J5. It should be

noted that fluctuations between maximum and minimum pressures of the supply

curves should be minimal to achieve a workable system.

The water supply needs to be capable of providing the highest maximum flow rate of any

zone that is the crossing point of the flattest combined sprinkler and hydrant system demand

curve and the maximum water supply curve.

If computer software that is capable of adding the constant flow of the hydrant points to the

sprinkler calculation is used to produce the demand points and the system demand curves,

then the graphs can be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant demand points

and curves.


AS 2118.6—2012 38


FIG

UR

E

J2

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 1

ZO

NE

A S

UP

PL

Y


39 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J3

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 1

ZO

NE

B S

UP

PL

Y


AS 2118.6—2012 40


FIG

UR

E

J4

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 1

ZO

NE

C S

UP

PL

Y


41 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J5

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 1

ZO

NE

D S

UP

PL

Y


AS 2118.6—2012 42



For systems using cascade tanks, pumps and break tanks to feed each zone up to 35 m high

as depicted in Figure G2 (Scheme 2), the following method should be used:



by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure zones A

and B. If any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on

the highest or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.


from the tank outlet to the number of hydrants required to be operating at the flow

required by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure

zones C and D. If any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the

number on the highest or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.

(c) Using full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss


sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zones A and B. If any

floor in the zone has a higher hazard or different pipe arrangement than the highest or


(d) By full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss

from the tank outlet to the most unfavourable and favourable operating areas of the

sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zones C and D. If any



(e) Plot the demand points and system demand curves calculated above, as shown in

Figures J6, J7, J8 and J9, using the principles described in ‘graphic representation of


(f) From the hydrant and sprinkler system demand curves, the demand point of the


as depicted in Figures J6, J7, J8 and J9. The highest combined flow/pressure demand

point is the demand point of the zone. This may not be the highest floor if one of the

lower floors has a higher number of hydrants operating or a higher sprinkler hazard

than the highest floor.

(g) The water supply curves for zones A and B can now be added by selecting suitable

pumps and equipment to achieve curves that do not exceed the 1200 kPa maximum

limit on the lowest hydrant, exceed the demand points by more than 50 kPa and

achieve the maximum flow rate of the system as shown in Figures J6 and J7. It should

be noted that fluctuations between maximum and minimum pressures, due to tank

height, of the supply curves should be minimal to achieve a workable system.

The water supply curves for zones C and D are the zero pressure line at the tank outlet for

the minimum and the static height of the tank for the maximum.


zone that is the crossing point of the lowest system demand curve and the maximum water

supply curve.



then the graphs may be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant demand points

and curves.


43 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J6

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 2

ZO

NE

A S

UP

PL

Y


AS 2118.6—2012 44


FIG

UR

E

J7

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 2

ZO

NE

B S

UP

PL

Y


45 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J8

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 2

ZO

NE

C S

UP

PL

Y


AS 2118.6—2012 46


FIG

UR

E

J9

T

YP

ICA

L S

CH

EM

E 2

ZO

NE

D S

UP

PL

Y


47 AS 2118.6—2012



For systems using pumps to feed the highest zone up to 35 m high and pressure-

reducing/ratio valves to feed the lower zones up to 35 m high as depicted in Figure G3

(Scheme 3), the following method should be used:



by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure zone A. If

any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on the highest

or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.


from the pressure reducing valve (PRV) outlets to the number of hydrants required to

be operating at the flow required by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and

lowest hydrants in pressure zones B, C and D. If any floor in the zone requires more

hydrants operating than the number on the highest or lowest floors, these should also

be calculated.



sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zone A. If any floor in

the zone has a higher hazard or different pipe arrangement than the highest or lowest

floors, these should also be calculated.

(d) By full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss

from the PRV outlets to the most unfavourable and favourable operating areas of the

sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zones B, C and D. If

any floor in the zone has a higher hazard or different pipe arrangement than the

highest or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.


Figures J10, J11, J12 and J13, using the principles described in ‘graphic

representation of hydraulic characteristics’ in AS 2118.1.

(f) From the hydrant and sprinkler system demand curves, the duty of the combined

systems may be calculated as the crossing point of the curves for each floor as

depicted in Figures J10, J11, J12 and J13. The highest combined flow/pressure

demand point is the demand point of the zone. This may not be the highest floor if

one of the lower floors has a higher number of hydrants operating or a higher

sprinkler hazard than the highest floor.

(g) The water supply curves for zone A can now be added by selecting suitable pumps

and equipment to achieve a curves that do not exceed the 1200 kPa maximum limit on

the lowest hydrant, exceeds the demand points by more than 50 kPa and achieves the

maximum flow rate of any zone of the system as shown in Figures J10, J11, J12

and J13. It should be noted that fluctuations between maximum and minimum

pressures of the supply curves should be minimal to achieve a workable system.

The water supply curves for zones B, C and D can now be added by calculating the pressure

flow available at the inlet to the PRV accounting for static head gain and friction loss,

reduced by the ratio or the setting of the PRV ratio valves are shown in the Figures. Set

pressure-reducing valves would be similar except the 50 kPa margin would not be

applicable.



supply curve.


AS 2118.6—2012 48




the graphs can be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant demand points and

curves.

FIG

UR

E

J1

0

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

3 Z

ON

E A

SU

PP

LY


49 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J1

1

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

3 Z

ON

E B

SU

PP

LY


AS 2118.6—2012 50


FIG

UR

E

J1

2

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

3 Z

ON

E C

SU

PP

LY


51 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J1

3

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

3 Z

ON

E D

SU

PP

LY


AS 2118.6—2012 52


J2.4 Scheme 4—Zones A and B—50 m maximum zone height (see CAUTION

statement, Clause 2.6.2(c))

For systems with separate supplies for each pressure zone up to 50 m high as depicted in

Figure G4 (Scheme 4) the following method should be used:


from the pump to the number of hydrants required to be operating at the flow as

required by AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants on each pressure zone. If

any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on the highest




sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors on each pressure zone. If any floor

in the zone has a higher hazard or different pipe arrangement than the highest or


(c) Plot the demand points and system demand curves calculated above, as shown in

Figures J14 and J15, using the principles described in ‘graphic representation of


(d) From the hydrant and sprinkler system demand curves, the demand point of the


as depicted in Figures J14 and J15. The highest combined flow/pressure demand point

is the demand point of the zone. This may not be the highest floor if one of the lower

floors has a higher number of hydrants operating or a higher sprinkler hazard than the

highest floor.

(e) The water supply curve can now be added by selecting suitable pumps and equipment

to achieve a curve that exceeds the demand points by more than 50 kPa and achieve

the maximum flow rate of the system as shown in Figures J14 and J15. It should be

noted that fluctuations between maximum and minimum pressures of the supply

curves has to be minimal to achieve a workable system.

The water supply has to be capable of providing the highest maximum flow rate of

any zone that is the crossing point of the flattest combined sprinkler and hydrant

system demand curve and the maximum water supply curve.

If computer software that is capable of adding the constant flow of the hydrant points

to the sprinkler calculation is used to produce the demand points and the system

demand curves, the graphs may be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant

demand points and curves.

(f) From the maximum system pressure in each zone, calculate the levels that will

receive the 1200 kPa maximum pressure. All levels below these in each zone have to

be fitted with pressure-reducing hydrants. Ensure all pipe, fittings, valves and

equipment on these floors, subject to pressures exceeding 1200 kPa, have working

pressure ratings suitable for the maximum pressure to which they will be subjected.


53 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J1

4

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

4 Z

ON

E A

SU

PP

LY


AS 2118.6—2012 54


FIG

UR

E

J1

5

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

4 Z

ON

E B

SU

PP

LY


55 AS 2118.6—2012


J2.5 Scheme 5—Zones A and B—50 m maximum zone height

For systems using cascade tanks, pumps and break tanks to feed each zone up to 50 m high

as depicted in Figure G5 (Scheme 5), Appendix G the following method should be used.



by Section 2 of AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure zones A

and B. If any floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on

the highest or lowest floors, these should also be calculated.

(b) If lower zones fed by tanks only are required, by full hydraulic calculation, as

described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss from the tank outlet to the number

of hydrants required to be operating at the flow as required by AS 2419.1, for the

highest and lowest hydrants in the pressure zones. If any floor in the zone requires

more hydrants operating than the number on the highest or lowest floors, these should

also be calculated.



sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zones A and B. If any



(d) If lower zones fed by tanks only are required, by full hydraulic calculation, as

described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss from the tank outlet to the most

unfavourable and favourable operating areas of the sprinkler systems for the highest

and lowest floors in the pressure zones. If any floor in the zone has a higher hazard or

different pipe arrangement than the highest or lowest floors, these should also be

calculated.




(f) From the hydrant and sprinkler system demand curves, the demand point of the




floors has a higher number of hydrants operating or a higher sprinkler hazard than the

highest floor.

(g) The water supply curves for zones A and B can now be added by selecting suitable

pumps and equipment to achieve a curve that exceeds the duty points by more than

50 kPa and achieve the maximum flow rate of the system as shown in Figures J16

and J17. It should be noted that fluctuations between maximum and minimum

pressures due to tank height, of the supply curves should be minimal to achieve a

workable system.

If lower zones fed by tanks only are required, the water supply curves for zones are the zero

pressure line at the tank outlet for the minimum and the static height of the tank for the

maximum.

The water supply has to be capable of providing the highest maximum flow rate of any zone

that is the crossing point of the lowest system demand curve and the maximum water supply

curve.


AS 2118.6—2012 56




the graphs may be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant demand points and

curves.

From the maximum system pressure in each zone, calculate the levels that will receive the

1200 kPa maximum pressure. All levels below these in each zone needs to be fitted with

pressure-reducing hydrants. Ensure all pipes, fittings, valves and equipment on these floors,

subject to pressures exceeding 1200 kPa, have working pressure ratings suitable for the

maximum pressure to which they will be subjected.


57 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J1

6

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

5 Z

ON

E A

SU

PP

LY


AS 2118.6—2012 58


FIG

UR

E

J1

7

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

5 Z

ON

E B

SU

PP

LY


59 AS 2118.6—2012


J2.6 Scheme 6—Zones A and B—50 m maximum zone height (see CAUTION

statement, Clause 2.6.2(c))

For systems using pumps to feed the highest zone up to 50 m high and pressure-

reducing/ratio valves to feed the lower zones up to 50 m high as depicted in Figure G6

(Scheme 6), Appendix G, the following method should be used.


from the pump to the number of hydrants required to be operating at the flow as

required by AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure zone A. If any

floor in the zone requires more hydrants operating than the number on the highest or



from the PRV outlets to the number of hydrants required to be operating at the flow

as required by AS 2419.1 for the highest and lowest hydrants in pressure zones B. If

any floor in the zone requires more operating hydrants than the number on the highest




sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zone A. If any floor in



(d) Using full hydraulic calculation, as described in AS 2118.1, calculate the friction loss

from the PRV outlets to the most unfavourable and favourable operating areas of the

sprinkler systems for the highest and lowest floors in pressure zone B. If any floor in






(f) From the hydrant and sprinkler system demand curves the demand point of the




floors has a higher number of operating hydrants or a higher sprinkler hazard than the

highest floor.

(g) The water supply curves for zone A can now be added by selecting suitable pumps

and equipment to achieve curves that exceeds the demand points by more than 50 kPa

and achieves the maximum flow rate of any zone of the system as shown in

Figures J18 and J19. It should be noted that fluctuations between maximum and

minimum pressures of the supply curves should be minimal to achieve a workable

system.

(h) The water supply curves for zone B can now be added by calculating the pressure

flow available at the inlet to the PRV accounting for static head gain and friction loss,

reduced by the ratio or the setting of the PRV. In the graphs, ratio valves are shown.

Set pressure-reducing valves would be similar except the 50 kPa margin would not be

applicable.



supply curve.


AS 2118.6—2012 60




the graphs can be drawn without the individual sprinkler and hydrant demand points and

curves.

From the maximum system pressure in each zone, calculate the levels that will receive the

1200 kPa maximum pressure. All levels below these in each zone needs to be fitted with

pressure-reducing hydrants. Ensure all pipe, fittings, valves and equipment on these floors

that are subject to pressures exceeding 1200 kPa have working pressure ratings suitable for

the maximum pressure to which they will be subjected.


61 AS 2118.6—2012


FIG

UR

E

J1

8

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

6 Z

ON

E A

SU

PP

LY


AS 2118.6—2012 62


FIG

UR

E

J1

9

TY

PIC

AL

SC

HE

ME

6 Z

ON

E B

SU

PP

LY


63 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX K

WATER SUPPLY SOURCES

(Informative)


FIGURE K1 TYPICAL ON-SITE STORAGE TANK(S)


AS 2118.6—2012 64



FIGURE K2 TYPICAL TOWN MAIN(S)


65 AS 2118.6—2012



FIGURE K3 TYPICAL ONE TOWN MAIN AND ONE STORAGE TANK


AS 2118.6—2012 66


APPENDIX L

SYSTEM LAYOUT

(Informative)

NOTE: For detailed layouts, see Clause 2.9 and Appendix G.

FIGURE L1 TYPICAL SYSTEM LAYOUT


67 AS 2118.6—2012


APPENDIX M

COMBINED SPRINKLER AND HYDRANT SYSTEMS CALCULATION OF

WATER SUPPLY TANK SIZING

(Informative)

M1 GENERAL

This Appendix considers light and ordinary hazard systems only.

Clause 2.8.1 states: ‘Except as provided for in this Standard, the duration and capacity of

the water supply for tanks shall be the combination of that described in AS 2118.1 for the

sprinkler system and that described in AS 2419.1 for the hydrant system.’

AS 2118.1 provides for a source of single water supply for general non-required systems;

however, where a higher degree of reliability is required (in the case, for example, of a high

rise apartment building) the concept of ‘dual’ water supplies is adopted. AS 2419.1 adopts a

different approach with a common high level of reliability required for all hydrant system

sources of supply. Consequently, in determining capacity of supply for combined systems

installed in accordance with this Standard, separate calculations are required for each

component of supply, before combining.

Hydrant system supplies for systems installed in accordance with this Standard are made up

of a limited capacity on-site component (usually 25 000 L) and an off-site make-up

component to ensure a 4 h duration of supply. Where the sprinkler system water supply

component is required to be duplicated, the hydrant on-site component also should be

duplicated. The off-site hydrant component is not required to be duplicated.

M2 SPRINKLER COMPONENT

M2.1 General

AS 2118.1 requires pump suction tanks have an effective capacity of not less than that

specified in Clause 9.3.2 for Light Hazard, Clause 10.3.2 for Ordinary Hazard, or

Clause 11.8.3 for High Hazard, as appropriate.

M2.2 Light hazard

AS 2118.1 states: ‘The usable water quantity in a reservoir or pump suction tank dedicated

as a sprinkler system supply shall be a minimum of the calculated flow rate for the most

unfavourable six sprinklers for a duration of 30 min, plus 20%.

The storage capacity of a reservoir or pump suction tank that is the sole water source of a

single water supply system may be reduced by—

(a) up to two-thirds, for buildings up 25 m in effective height; or

(b) up to one-third, for buildings greater than 25 m in effective height,

subject to the provision of an automatic inflow to the reservoir or pump suction tank, with

sufficient inflow to make up the reduction within 30 min.’

The storage capacity of a reservoir or pump suction tank which is part of a dual water

supply system may be reduced by one-third, without the provision of automatic inflow to

compensate for the reduced tank capacity.

M2.3 Ordinary hazard

AS 2118.1 states: ‘The usable water quantity in a reservoir or pump suction tank dedicated

as a sprinkler system supply shall be a minimum of the calculated flow rate for the

hydraulically most unfavourable array of sprinklers for a duration of 60 min plus 20%.’


AS 2118.6—2012 68


AS 2118.1 specifies the number of sprinklers in the most hydraulically unfavourable area of

operation for the various hazard classes as: OH1-6 sprinklers, OH2-12 sprinklers, OH3-18

sprinklers, and OH3 Special-30 sprinklers.

The storage capacity of a reservoir or pump suction tank that is the sole water source of a

single water supply system may be reduced by—

(a) up to two-thirds for buildings up 25 m in effective height; and

(b) up to one-third for buildings greater than 25 m in effective height,

subject to the provision of an automatic inflow to the reservoir or pump suction tank, with

sufficient inflow to make up the reduction within 60 min.

The storage capacity of a reservoir or pump suction tank is part of a dual water supply

system, may be reduced by one-third without the provision of automatic inflow to

compensate for the reduced tank capacity.

M2.4 Conclusion—Sprinkler component capacity

Water storage capacity calculations in accordance with AS 2118.1 vary according to the

particular hazard classification; however, methodology is the same for each, that is, the

required duration is either 30 min, 60 min or as required by the high hazard commodity, and

the calculated minimum water storage capacity may be reduced by up to one-third or

two-thirds, provided an automatic inflow to the reservoir or tank is available at all times

with sufficient flow to make up the difference within the required period. Additionally, the

storage capacity of any tank forming one supply of a dual water supply, as required for

buildings over 25 m, for example, may be reduced by one-third without the provision of

automatic inflow to compensate for the reduced capacity of that tank.

M3 HYDRANT COMPONENT

AS 2419.1 states: ‘The minimum capacity of the source of water supply for fire hydrant

installations shall be not less than necessary to satisfy the minimum flow rates specified in

Clause 2.3.1 or 3.3, as appropriate, for a duration of not less than 4 h.

If water is available elsewhere off-site but is not connected to the site then an on-site supply

having a capacity for the time required by the Fire Brigade to set up equipment to pump

water to the site shall be provided. The off-site source shall have the capacity to supply the

flow required rate continuously for the remaining period to make up a total of 4 h water

supply.

Where the town main is capable of providing make-up supply to the on-site storage the

capacity of the on-site storage shall be such that a 4 h supply is available based on the

difference in flow rates between the fire hydrant system flow required rate and the make-up

flow rate.’

NOTE: This Clause clearly refers to the total water capacity available to the system, whether on

site or off-site, or a combination of both.

AS 2419.1 also states: ‘On-site water storage shall be provided where—

(a) the off-site water storage has insufficient capacity or is unable to achieve the flow

required rates;’

Further, where on-site storage is provided to satisfy the requirements, it shall have a

capacity appropriate to the circumstances—

(a) ‘if located in a sprinkler-protected building, not less than 25 000 L; or


69 AS 2118.6—2012


(b) in any other case, the lesser of—

(i) 25 000 L; or

(ii) that necessary to satisfy the minimum number of hydrants required to flow in

accordance with Table 2.1, at a flow rate of not less than 10 L/sec each.’

NOTE: This Clause, again, covers both off-site and on-site storage and the 25 000 L capacity

would almost always apply in Australian cities.

M3.1 Conclusion—Hydrant component capacity

• From the foregoing, it can be seen that in virtually every case where an ordinary or

light hazard class building in an Australian city is fitted with a combined sprinkler

and hydrant system in accordance with AS 2118.6, the required hydrant storage

would be 25 000 L. There is no provision for reducing the hydrant storage as

allowed for sprinkler water storage, and where two water supplies (dual supply) are

required each tank should have a minimum capacity of 25 000 L.

NOTE: The source of water for fire service boosting into the combined system is from the 4 h

supply only, not from the on-site limited capacity combined tank(s). Whilst the combined system

pumps drawing from the on-site tank(s) are sized to provide the full hydrant flow. The on-site

combined tanks are sized for a limited (first attack) period only, with the remainder of the 4 h

duration made up off site.

M4 EXAMPLE CALCULATIONS

M4.1 Example 1

• An example of a tank size for a combined sprinkler/hydrant system in a residential

(light hazard) building over 25 m in height, with an Ordinary Hazard 3 component

(retail shops) and two (2) operational hydrants per floor at 10 L/s, with an off-site

‘Authorities Main’ available to make up the 4 h supply for the hydrant component.

The required dual water supply is to be achieved by two tanks, with no direct town’s

main connection to the system, as follows:

System/specification Requirement/calculation Water storage

Sprinkler component 18 operational sprinklers at a minimum of

60 L/s for 60 min = 64 800 + 20% = 77 760 L

per tank

Capacity of each tank may be reduced by 1/3

As this is a dual supply system, the 2 × 2/3

capacity sprinkler tanks do not require

automatic make-up

Sprinkler component = 77 760 × 2/3 =

51 840 L per tank

2 tanks

51 840 L

for each tank

Hydrant component Minimum tank requirement is 25 000 L (each

supply). Town main water supply must have

1200 L/min (20 L/s) reserve available to

provide for fire brigade boosting of the

system, for make-up of the required 4 h

supply, via the booster connection

2 tanks

25 000 L

for each tank

Combined capacity Town main water supply is available to

provide fire brigade boosting of the system

via the booster connection. Therefore,

minimum hydrant on-site storage is 25 000 L

plus 1200 L/min automatic inflow for

required 4 h period (dual supply system)

2 × 76 840 L

tanks

Total: 153 680 L


AS 2118.6—2012 70


M4.2 Example 2

As for example 1, above, but with one supply (primary) town main and one supply

(secondary) tank. The primary (town main) supply is capable of providing the full sprinkler

flow component plus the full hydrant flow component for the specified time (4 h).


One (1) town main

primary supply and

one (1) combined tank

secondary supply

If town main forms primary supply of dual

supply system and single tank forms

secondary supply, capacities would be as

follows:

Town main and pumps calculated as per

AS 2118.1 plus 1200 L/min hydrant flow,

in accordance with AS 2419.1. Secondary

tank capacity to be calculated as per

example 1, above, i.e. 25 000 L, hydrants

plus 51 840 L, sprinklers

51 840 L (sprinkler

component) plus

25 000 min. capacity

hydrant

Component = 76 840 L

(secondary tank)

Combined secondary

tank capacity

Automatic tank make-up not required

(dual supply system)

76 840 L

M4.3 Example 3

An example of tank sizing (2 required) for a combined sprinkler and hydrant system with an

Ordinary Hazard 3 component and two (2) operational hydrants at 10 L/s without an off-site

town’s main capable of providing the additional supply for the hydrant component, would

be as follows:



60 L/min for 60 min = 64 800 + 20%

= 77 760 L sprinkler component—reduced by

1/3 due to being part of dual water supply

system. 77 760 × 2/3 = 51 840

Tanks do not require automatic inflow

(dual supply)

2 tanks × 51 840 L

each

Hydrant component As the town’s main water supply is not

capable of providing 20 L/s for boosting by

the fire brigade into the system. The tanks to

provide a 4 h water supply

20 L/s × 60 sec × 60 min × 4 h

= 288 000 L total requirement

288 000 L =

2 × 144 000 L

Combined capacity 2 × 2 h hydrant supply plus 2 × 2/3 capacity

sprinkler requirement

2 × 195 840 L

tanks total capacity


71 AS 2118.6—2012


M4.4 Example 4

An example of a tank size for a combined sprinkler/hydrant system for a light hazard class

only residential building less than 25 m in height and two (2) operational hydrants at 10 L/s

with an off-site town’s main capable of providing the additional supply for the hydrant

component, would be as follows:



48 L/min for 30 min = 8630 + 20% = 10 368 L

sprinkler component—Reduced by 2/3 due to

being single water supply system.

Tank = 3456 L. However, minimum sprinkler

requirement is 25 000 L

Automatic make-up not required as 25 000 L

exceeds calculated tank capacity (10 368 L).

However, should in another case where

25 000 L is less than calculated tank capacity,

automatic make-up would be required (single

supply)

25 000 L

Hydrant component Town main water supply is available to

provide for fire brigade boosting of the system

via the booster connection. Therefore min

hydrant on-site storage requirement is

25 000 L, plus 1200 L/min automatic in-flow

for required 4 h period

25 000 L

Combined capacity 50 000 L on-site

storage plus

1200 L/min

available for FB

boosting into

system via fire

service booster


AS 2118.6—2012 72

NOTES


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