1 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
ALS
SDH Radio
2 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Main items
1. ALS SDH radio system2. SCT3. LCT4. Troubleshooting
3 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
ALS : Family Overview
Mechanical Arrangement: Split Mount
Frequency Range: 6 to 38 GHz
Capacity: STM-1, 2xSTM-1, 4xSTM-1
Modulation schemes: 128 and 32 BCM
Interfaces: STM-1 Optical and Electrical
63XE1 (Expansion)
Fast Ethernet / Gigabit Ethernet
Configurations: Unprotected [1+0 2x(1+0)]
Protected (1+1) 2x(1+1) : HSB, SD, FD
1
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Standard channel plans for STM-1, 2xSTM-1
and 4xSTM-1 transmission
STM 1 STM 1 2xSTM -1 2xSTM -1 3xSTM -1 4xSTM -1
32Q AM 128Q AM 128Q AM XPIC XPIC XPIC ITU-R
6L 14 01 F.3836U 14 02 F.3847 F.385A3
7U F.385A48 F.386A1
11 12 06 F.38713 12 02 F.49715 12 07 F.63618 12 03 F.59523 13 03 F.63725 13 02 F.74828 13 02 F.74832 01 02 F.152038 T/R12 01 F.749
Freq. Band (G hz)
CEPT ERC/REC
128QAM 128QAM
XPIC only
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Indoor Unit
IDUs available :
1RU IDU for 1 or 2x STM1 1+0/1+1 and 4x STM-1 1+0
2RU IDU for 4xSTM-1 1+1
All IDUs are made up by LIM, RIMs and Controller
ALS System Modularity
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Supported configurations:
1xSTM-1, 2xSTM-1 both unprotected and protected
4xSTM-1 unprotected only
1U IDU
LIM Line Interface Module- 2xSTM-1 or 4xSTM-1 interface- SDH Processor (STM-1, 2xSTM-1 Mux/Demux,
SOH bytes processing, Wayside and Service channels insertion/extraction, hitless switch)
Controller- TMN connection- Equipment Management
RIM1 Radio Interface Module- Power Supply Unit- FEC (encoder/decoder)- IF Cable Interface- Modem (32/128 BCM)- XPIC (if requested)
RIM2 Radio Interface Module(in 1+1)
ALS System Modularity1RU IDU - Layout
7 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
VV
56 MHz (128 BCM)
2xSTM-1
Unprotected 1xSTM-1 and 2xSTM-1
VV
28 MHz (128 BCM)
1xSTM-1
STM-1 #1 STM-1 #2
1U IDU1U IDU
1+0
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VV
56 MHz (128 QAM)
2xSTM-1
Protected 1xSTM-1 and 2xSTM-1
VV
28 MHz (128 QAM)
1xSTM-1
1U IDU
STM-1 #1 STM-1 #2
1+1
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VV
56 MHz (128 QAM)
2xSTM-1
Protected 1xSTM-1 and 2xSTM-1 S.1.1 OPTICAL interface LC connector, SFP
VV
28 MHz (128 QAM)
1xSTM-1
1U IDU
STM-1 #1 STM-1 #2
1+1
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Unprotected 2xSTM-1Frequency reuse with Xpic
Towards Dual Pol. Antenna
VV HHTransceiver V
Transceiver H
HH
VV
1U IDU
2xSTM-1
28 MHz (128 BCM)
2xSTM-1
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Unprotected 4xSTM-1Frequency reuse with Xpic
HH
VV
56 MHz (128 BCM)
4xSTM-1
1U IDU
4xSTM-1
Towards Dual Pol. Antenna
VV HHTransceiver V
Transceiver H
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VV
2xSTM-1
56 MHz (128 BCM)
1xSTM-1 and 2xSTM-1 2+0
VV
1xSTM-1
28 MHz (128 BCM)
56 MHz (32 BCM)
1U IDU
1x STM-12x STM-1
1x STM-12x STM-1
Up to 4xSTM-1
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Supported configurations:
1xSTM-1, 2xSTM-1, 4xSTM-1 both unprotected and protected
2U IDU
LIM Line Interface Module
Main Controller
RIM1 V Radio Interface Module
RIM1 H Radio Interface Module
RIM2 V Radio Interface Module
RIM2 H Radio Interface Module
ALS System Modularity
2RU IDU - Layout
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Protected 4xSTM-1Frequency reuse with Xpic
2RU IDU
Dual Pol. Antenna
HH
VV
56 MHz (128 BCM)
4xSTM-1
V1V1 V2V2
H1H1 H2H2
4xSTM-1
Radio 1A
Radio 2A
Radio 1B
Radio 2B
Radio 1A
Radio 1B
Radio 2A
Radio 2B
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Protected 4xSTM-1Frequency reuse withXpicFrequency diversity
2U IDU
Dual Pol. Antenna
Radio 1A
Radio 2B
Radio 1BRadio 2A
Radio 1A
Radio 1B
Radio 2B
Radio 2A
H1H1
V1V1
56 + 56 MHz (128 BCM)
4xSTM-1
H2H2
V2V2
protection
4xSTM-1
V1V1 V2V2
H1H1 H2H2
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Outdoor Unit - Other characteristics
ATPC Automatic Transmitted Power Control
40 dynamic range with 1dB steps
RTPC Remote Transmitted Power Control
SW programmable, up to 40dB in 1dB steps
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ATPC operation
Tx
Rx
Rx
Tx
PTx control
Local Remote
PTx control
Transmission of PTx control
P
Thresh High
Thresh Low
40 dB maxATPC range
PTx max.
PTx min.
Remote PRx(dBm)
Local PTx(dBm)
Hop attenuation (dB)
PTx min fixedPTx max defined by SCT
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ALS XPIC (1)
INSTALLATION
- Double polarization antenna
- IDU-ODU cables = same length (max difference 1,5 m)
- RIM to RIM short cables F01693, 4 identical cables
- Set same RF channel for H and V polarisation
- Low ATPC level 15 dB higher than BER=10-6 threshold
- J0 shall be different on path H and V
Traffic Protection on manual operations on cross polar path
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ALS XPIC (2)
Traffic Protection on manual operations on cross polar path :
- In case of Loop IF, Loop RF, RT-PSU off, Carrier onlyother manual operations are automatically activated (and shown into Manual Operation List), for example:
Loop RF Radio1A > Rim1A Xpic input disable (local radio),
Radio1A Tx off (remote radio).
Loop IF Radio1A > Rim1A Xpic Input Disable (local radio),
Radio1A Tx off (remote radio).
Carrier only Radio1A>Rim1B Xpic Input disable (remote radio).
RTPSU off Radio1A> Rim1B Xpic Input disable (local radio),
Radio1A Tx off (remote radio),
Rim1B Xpic Input disable (remote radio).
- A complete list of manual operations automatically activated are reported into ALS manual
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ALS XPIC (3)
Autodiagnosis and Autoprotection of one traffic path for
1+0 systems in case of failure on the other path:
- Automatic distinction of internal alarms and external alarms (fading)
- Automatic activation of the Fault Management Procedure (FMP)
- In case of HW failure the transmitter of failed branch is switched off and all XPIC functionalities of the other path are switched off by FMP
- FMP decision is permanent until an operator reset
- The FMP can be disabled with a manual operation and after the programmable time out FMP is automatically enabled
21 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Fault management procedureIn XPIC radio link where the two polarizations carry different signals,the problems on one polarization disturbs the otherFault Management Procedure (FMP) is used in XPIC 1+0 systems (2xSTM1 or 4xSTM1) to protect the traffic on a polarization against hardware failures occurred on the opposite polarization radio path.FMP distinguishes between external (e.g. fading) and internal alarmsand switches off automatically the alarmed path protecting the other:
Once the decision is taken, only an operator with SCT/LCT program orNMS5UX can reset the status.
FMP can activate the following manual operations: remote Tx off local Xpic disable disable FMP
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Status of FMPXPIC enabled
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System block diagram
RFCOH
RFCOH
24 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.LIM Tx
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LIM Rx
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RIM
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RT
17,5 MHz
5,5 MHz
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XPIC SYSTEMS
Transmissions on the same RF channel with ortogonal polarizations are possible using a XPIC circuit (Cross Polar Interference Canceller).System consists of two independent transceivers, each of them connected to one polarization of a cross polarized antenna: to delete interferences due to propagation cross polarization and to antenna XPD, the receivers include the XPIC, which cleans and combines the two received orthogonal signals in order to recover the two original.
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In time domain, Rx IF signals are processed by demod and by orthogonal XPIC, are combined and are restored by a further decision circuit which improves radio hop C/I of 17 dB at least (depending on modulation used)
Base band adaptive canceller
Base band adaptive equaliser
XPIC CIRCUIT
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LIM
STM-1
RSOH
SIM
RIMRFCOH
RT
RFCOH 176640 Kbit/sSTM-1 155 Mbit/s
STM-1Signal
RFCOH
Main Traffic (STM-1)
SOH Service Channels
RFCOH Service Channels
RFCOH Wayside capacity
Radio Frame Complementary OverHead
More Services Channels& Wayside Traffic
Media Specific Bytes only used for Radio surveillance purposes
All remaining SOH bytes free for national usage or for future International Std
SDH FRAME
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Service Channels
1RU/2RU IDU
1x2Mbps G.703 per STM-1 (max 2) and 1xV.11 64Kbps
RJ45 10BaseT
SNMP AgentSNMP Agent
IP RoutingIP Routing
RS232 (PPP) STM-1 DCCs 1 or 2 (Radio Side 1 / 2)
ALS
Network Element
STM-1 DCCs (line side)
TMN communication ports
USB (PPP) for LCT
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64Kbit/s
SOH Bytes structure
RSOH
MSOH
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R S T mode : RSOH
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A1, A2, J0If A1 and A2 are recognised by aligner and if J0 is the correct
one, RSOH bytes are extracted from SOH.
In case of:- no input (alarm is LOS)- failed recognition of A1,A2 (alarm is LOF)- J0 not correct (alarm is Path Trace Mismatch)
then:1. MS AIS signal is inserted on MSOH and on Payload2. Local restart is enabled
35 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
B1, D1, D2, D3, E1,
B1:Byte Interleaved parity: carries link quality info (relevant to G.826)
D1, D2, D3: DCC data communication channel for supervision and management (192 Kbit/s); DCC loss is reported by QECC alarm
E1 and 3X: bytes for EOW and low speed data channel
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SCT2
An equipment can be managed by SCT, always.
In order to manage a whole link, following items must be prepared:
Port addressing and relevant subnet mask
Routing table
Remote elements table
37 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
IP addressing1B 2B 3B 4BIP4 Available bytes for IP addressing
Class AN H H H Address0
255 0 0 0 Subnetwork maskNumber of networks: 27 - 2 = 126 from 1 to 126Note: all o cannot be used as network address and number 127 (all 1) is reserved for loopback purposeNumber of hosts: 224 - 2 = 16774214 (host cannot assume all 0 or all 1 number)
Class BN N H H Address10
255 255 0 0 Subnetwork mask
Number of networks: 214 = 16384First octet from 128 to 191Number of hosts: 216 2 = 65534
Class CN N N H Address110
255 255 255 0 Subnetwork mask
Number of networks: 221 = 2097152First octet from 192 to 223Number of hosts: 28 - 2 = 254
38 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Port addressesAll SIAE equipments, regarding SCT software and supervision, are routers: all interfaces need an address and relevant subnet mask
Addresses can be set clicking:
1. Set values
2. Store
3. Restart
Client (always)
In case of capacity bigger than 1xSTM-1, DCCs are 2 (indipendent)DCC2 = Disable for 1+0 and 1+1
39 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
RoutingALS ports and address definition with SCT using Unnumbered
LCT PPPIP address....Unnumbered...Net Mask............................
LAN
PPP RadioIP address......Unnumbered....Net Mask............................PPP Mode: Client
IP Ethernet IP addressLoc..........................Net Mask Loc..........................
LAN
IP Ethernet RIP address R..........................Net Mask R............................
PPP RadioIP address = Eth IPaddress Loc - 1Net Mask =Net Mask LocPPP Mode: Client
LCT PPPIP address...... Unnumbered...Net Mask............................
Remote element table (opt.) Remote element table (opt.)
Default GatewayDefault Gateway
NMS5UX
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Routing table
Type and address of crossed port to
Destination
Type and address of crossed port to Destination
Netmask and IP address of
Destination
Default destination
41 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Stored Routing TableThe Stored Routing Table adds routing lines, after a Restart, to
the running Routing Table of the NE.In this way we can change Ports addresses (operation that needs a
restart) without loosing a remote NE:1. In Stored Routing Table add the routing lines relevant to
new port addresses you are going to set2. Set the new port addresses (the equipment restarts)3. After the restart the equipment has new addresses and the
routing table already configured : NE management is still running
42 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
AgentThe Agent is used in the Network Element history to identify the alarmed equipment and inSubnetwork Configuration Wizard to visualize local and remote
Numeric identifier of the equipment
Agent:
local agent = local Ethernet IP address
remote agent = remote Radio IP address
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Stations and equipmentsNEs connected to SCT can be assigned in various stations
using Subnetwork Configuration Wizard
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Link management Prepare new network Send new configuration to local equipment Log as System on both equipments Retrieve the configuration of local equipment
Send new configuration to both equipments
Retrieve
Send/Reset
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Alarm correlation
Every alarm is reported with Alarm beginning Alarm end (gravity info is maintained)
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Alarm acknowledgementAlarm acknowledge is available in alarm history list: every
acknowledgement can be managed completely
in station list: new alarminfo is highlighted by an asterisk
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Command loggerCmd Logger reads the list of operations, executed by the users, stored
on the controller of the equipment.The log, uploaded from equipment, is stored on the PC for further
consultations. Following filters are available: Operations date User address User type Operation name
48 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Configuration upload/downloadUpload (from equipment)From Tool menu, open the proper TemplateSelect Upload operation and the equipment you want to upload information fromSave them in a file (*.cfg)Download (to equipment)From Tool menu, open the proper file (*.cfg)Select Download operation and the equipment you want to download information to
Uploaded parameters and *.cfg file are editable usingEquipment Configuration Wizard.
49 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Configuration TemplateConfiguration template: it is relevant to equipment radio parameters as frequency, attenuation, capacity, thresholds,Address configuration template: it is relevant to management parameters as port IP addresses, routing tables, remote elements tables, OSPF.
Both configurations are necessary during first installation or when Controller module is substituted with a spare one: you can use a file to download or set every parameter manually.
50 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Full backupThe whole amount of parameters (equipment parameters, address parameters and remote element table) can be uploaded from equipment, saved in a file (*.bku), downloaded to equipment.
These parameters cannot be editated.
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Alarm summary panel
Manual Operation or Download
Active TX and RX
Configuration, Capacity, Protection
LCT
3
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Configuration Manager
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LASER Laser statusLaser module
In case of LOS (no Rx) Laser is automatically switched off
Manual test
Disable Tx laser is always ON (also in case of LOS) Auto every Auto restart Time a test is performed (2 sec. Laser on) Manual a test is performed (2 sec. Laser on) pushing Restart Test a test of Test Time sec. is performed
54 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Early warning alarm threshold
Rx Power Low alarm threshold
Rx Alarms setting
55 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.Rx alarms and Rx switch
Actions to perform in case of
1+0
1+1
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Tx switch
If both remote radios dont receive for more than alarm threshold sec. every check period sec. , on local side Tx switch is performed
57 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.Channel Arrangement
ACAP = Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarisation
ACCP = Adjacent Channel CoPolarisation
V or H V
H
V
H
ACAP ACCPCCDP
(With Xpic) CCDP = CoChannel Double Polarisation
Roll-off factor is modified to reduce overlappingnarrower
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2Mbit/s and 64Kbit/s Wayside traffic
(F1 into RSOH) If = not mapped: F1-1 and F1-2 trasparent
If = STM1 RadioA, Frame1: F1-1radio side goes on V11 RJ45 and F1-2 trasparent
If = STM1RadioA, Frame2: F1-2 radio side goes on V11 RJ45 and F1-1 trasparent
If = Line1 or = Line2: F1 line side Line1 or Line2 goes on V11 RJ45.
One 2Mb stream for
each STM-1 available
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XPIC 1+0
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XPIC 1+0:General
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XPIC 1+0 Configuration
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RIM input disable
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XPIC fault management
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Synchronization (1)Synch. source
Source priority: 1Max 2min (2xSTM-1) 4min (4xSTM-1) disabled
Selected: available synch. with higher priority.Available: present and not degraded
Synch. status
White: not forcedBlue: forced
White: no alarmsRed: alarmed (drift and/or LTI)
White: no alarmsRed: alarmed
4xSTM-1
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Internal clock
Clock source STM1-1 line side
Clock source STM1-2 line side
Synchronization (2)
2xSTM-1
Among enabled sources with the same priority and not alarmed, clock selection follows the numerical order
66 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
Synch sourceBad quality
Loss of Timing Input
Priority
Source forcing A disabled source cannot be selected
nor forced
67 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.STM-1 line side setting
J0 Trace Identifier Mismatch
Loss of Signal
Loss of Frame
AIS in Multiple Section
Remote Defective Indication in Multiple section
Low quality
Very low quality
Line enabled
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Radio side setting
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Command loggerCmd Logger reads the list of operations, executed by the users,
stored on the controller of the equipment.The log, uploaded from equipment, is stored on the PC for
further consultations. Following filters are available: Operations date User address User type Operation name
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General preset: Tx switch to restore the link
If both remote radios dont receive, on local side Tx switch is performed
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Fade Margin test
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1) Fade margin : Remote link
Remote terminal must be declared as Remote link
In equipment 2 we want to perform Fade margin measurement
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2) Fade margin : summary Input data : Expected F.M. (calculated by the customer directly,
basing on nominal output power and nominal LBER threshold) External Atten. : all the losses between radio and antenna (excluding
Branching) Curr. Step : four step (TXL1RXR1 , TXL1RXR2 , TXL2RXR1 , TXL2RXR2) Real F.M. : value based on expected F.M. adjusted with real output
power, real LBER threshold (and External Atten.) measured, and stored in the ODU, at SIAE final test department
Real F.M.v. : value calculated decreasing Local Output power (1 dB step) until Remote LBER alarm is ON. This value should be compared with declared one (Input data)
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Feature Management
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ALS LOOPS
M U X - D
E M U X
RF
E1 LOO P
BASEB AND LOO P
IDU
LOOP
R F
LO OPRI M 1 ODU 1
A L : avai lable loo ps
data direction: - toward s the equipment th at has enabled th e loop (baseband, IDU, RF)
MOD-DEM OD
M
U
X
-
D
E
M
U
X
STM1-1
STM1-2
Line side Radio side
LIM
MO-DEMBaseband loop
IDU loop
RF
RIM1 ODU1
IDU
RF loop
4
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Loop timeout
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Switching performance
500 ms
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Rx Switching criteriaHigh priority
Low priority
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Tx Switching criteria
Highest priority
lowest priority
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Switch modes Auto
Preferential: operator can select which branch must be operative without alarms.Tx WaitTime time before coming back to the preferential branch when alarms disappear. In this way the controller doesnt switch continuously in case of fleeting alarms.Reset = Wait Time is not respected (immediately to Preferential)Full auto: both branches have same priority
Manual forcingOperator can select which branch must be operative despite alarms
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Revertive
When a branch is declared preferential, the switch on opposite branch givesRevertive alarm.The return to the preferential branch, when available again, happens after Wait Time period (Tx only, remember Txswitch is not hitless).
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Internal PRBS generator(Pseudo Random Bit Sequence)
P.R.B.S replaces the traffic on the STM-1 frame where it is connected. The P.R.B.S. connection is pointed out as Manual Operation. P.R.B.S. can be used only into the link.
Measures results and durationAlarm on analysed signal
Analysed STM-1
Measure status
Pattern type
Sync Los events during test
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ALS loop: with external PRBS
STM1 loop line side: loop works with line enabled or not
STM1 loop radio side: loop works with line enabled on local side and on remote side
enabled
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Alarm GroupingThis situation:
No signal fromremote
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ALARMSThere are two directions of alarms: Tx and Rx Tx This line starts in LIM and arrives to output flange: when a situation of more alarms is occurring, the most significative alarm of them is at the beginning of Txchain, all the others after are due to this Rx This line starts in output flange and arrives to LIM: when a situation of more alarms is occurring, the most significative alarm of them is at the beginning of Rx chain, all the others after should be caused by this
Most Significant alarm
TxRIM
LIM
ODU
LIM
RIM
ODU
IDUIDU
Rx
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Common group alarms
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Plug-in module group
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STM-1 alarms group
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RIM alarms group
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RT alarms group
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SETS alarms group
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STM-1 line side alarms STM-1 Los: loss of signal (no input), AIS is inserted on tributary lines (Tx). STM-1 Lof: loss of frame (failed recognition of A1,A2). Perform a STM-1 loop
and if alarm persists, replace LIM (Tx). STM-1 J0 Trace Identifier Mismatch: J0 received is not the expected one. AIS
inserted on VC12. Check configuration and network (Tx).In case of: LOS, LOF, J0 TIM
then:- MS AIS signal is inserted on MSOH and on Payload- Local restart is enabled
STM-1 B2 Signal Degraded: BER on MSOH B2 is higher than configured threshold. Check the network.
STM-1 B2 Excessive BER: HBER on MSOH B2. Check the network STM-1 MsAIS: AIS detected in input. Check the network. External fault. STM-1 MsRDI: K2 carries Remote Defect Indication in input from remote ADM.
External fault. STM-1 Qecc: ECC interrupted line side. Check radio link and IP addresses
settings.
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STM-1 radio side alarms Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x Tx Fail: Failure in Bb-Tx side STM-1 proc., replace LIM (Tx). Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x LOS: loss of signal from RIM x (squelched?). Check branch
x (Rx level, cabling, RT alarms). If necessary replace LIM (Rx). Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x LOF: loss of frame from RIM x. Perform a loop on branch x
and if alarm persists, check the branch, replace the LIM (Rx). Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x B2 Signal Degraded: BER on SOH B2 higher than
configured threshold. Check branch x (Rx level, cabling, RT alarms). If necessary replace LIM (Rx).
Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x B2 Excessive Ber : HBER from branch x. Check branch x (Rx level, cabling, RT alarms). If necessary replace LIM (Rx).
Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x J0 Path Trace Mismatch: J0 received is not the expected one. Check configuration and network (Rx).
Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x Ms Ais : AIS in MSOH, external alarm Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x Ms Rdi : RDI in MSOH, external fault Bb SDH Proc. Stm1-x Qecc: ECC interrupted. Check radio link and IP addresses
settings. In case of no result restart the local terminal (software reset), again in case of no result restart the remote (remotely!).
94 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
1) RIM alarms RIM-x Unit Fail: replace RIM. RIM-x Unit Hw Mismatch: wrong unit, replace RIM. RIM-x Modulator Loss of Signal: no Bb-Tx. It can be caused by RFCOH processing.
This alarm causes RT-Tx alarms. Replace RIM (Tx). RIM-x Modulation Fail: Modulator damaged or Carrier only command active. This
alarm causes RT-Tx alarms. Replace RIM (Tx). RIM-x Demodulation Fail: Demodulator damaged. This alarm causes Baseband
alarm in Rx side and all quality alarms. Replace RIM (Rx). RIM-x Demodulator Loss of Signal: Dem Rx signal is missing (no 140 MHz from RT)
or squelched (bad propagation or no remote) Check Rx level, RT Rx alarms and cabling. This alarm causes Baseband alarm in Rx side. If necessary replace RIM (Rx).
RIM-x Demodulator Loss of Frame: loss of Rx signal FAW. Check Rx level, RT Rx alarms and cabling. This alarm causes Baseband alarm in Rx side. If necessary replace RIM (Rx).
95 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
2) RIM alarms RIM-x Demodulator EWL / LBER / HBER: quality of Rx signal. BER
higher than relevant configured threshold. They can be caused by Demodulator alarms (LOS and/or fail). Check Rx level and cabling and, in case of HBER, link status also (Rx).
RIM-x Modem ATPC Fail: ATPC info come from Demod, when its faulty info are missing and ATPC does not work. Replace RIM (Rx). RIM-x IDU-ODU Communication: check IDU-ODU cable. If necessary
replace RIM. RIM-x IDU-ODU Cable Open: no current through cable interface. Check
IDU-ODU cable RIM-x IDU-ODU Cable Short: overcurrent through cable interface. Check
IDU-ODU cable
96 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
1) RT alarmsRT-x Transmitter Unit Fail: replace RTRT-x Receiver Unit Fail: replace RTRT-x Oscillators Unit Fail: VCO is not lock. It can happen during frequency setting. If alarm persists, replace RT (Tx and Rx).RT-x Transmitter Unit Hw Mismatch: wrong unit. Replace RTRT-x Receiver Unit Hw Mismatch: wrong unit. Replace RTRT-x Oscillators Unit Hw Mismatch: wrong unit. Replace RTRT-x Cable Interface Unit Fail: check RIM-x. If necessary replace RTRT-x Cable Interface Unit Hw Mismatch: wrong unit. Replace RTRT-x Cable Interface Unit Sw Mismatch: replace RT
97 ALS Copyright Siae Microelettronica s.p.a.
2) RT alarmsRT-x Cable Interface Unit Not Responding: no connection with RIM-x P. Check IDU-ODU cable-x. If necessary replace RTRT-x Power Supply: check RIM-x PSU. If necessary replace RTRT-x Receiver Rx Power Low: Rx power lower than configured threshold.Check propagation, remote Tx and hop calculation values. If necessary replace RT (Rx).RT-x Rx IF Out: no IF from receiver (or low signal level). It causes Rx alarms in IDU. Replace RT (Rx).RT-x Transmitter Power Low: Tx power lower than fixed threshold. Check commands (local Tx off or remote RF loop). It can be caused by VCO failureor by RT IF In alarm. If necessary replace RT (Tx)RT-x IF In: modulated IF from RIM is missing or very low. Check RIM-x. If necessary replace RT (Tx)
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