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Agricultura ecologic o surs sigur de
Hran Vie
Ion TONCEA
Institutul Naional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare AgricolFunduleaCentrul Agroecologic de Cercetare, Inovare i Tr ansferTehnologic
N. Titulescu 1, 915200 Fundulea/CalarasiROMANIATel: 00 40 213 15 08 05;Tel/Fax: 00 40 242 64 20 44E-mail : [email protected], [email protected]
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Cum definim:
1. Agricultura ecologic:este tiina sau arta administrrii sau
inerii sub control a vieuitoarelor
agricole i a mediului lor de via,
n folosul naturii i omenirii.
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Cum definim:
2. Hrana vie:
orice produs agricol sau natural, proasptsau conservat prin metode naturale, care
este consumat instinctual, crud sau puin
prelucrat, de ctre om, animale i plante
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Quality and Safety of Organic Products
FIBL Dossier /May 2006
PHYSIOLOGICAL NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FOOD
DESIRABLE UNDESIRABLE
Primary nutr ients: carbohydrates,
protein and fats
Pesti cedes residues
Vitamins Ni trate content
M inerals Heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu) content
Plant secondary metabol i tes (e.g.antioxidants)
Mycotoxins
Dry matter, dietary f ibre Drug residues
Pathogeni c organisms and parasites
Allergens
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Product-oriented comparison of different
productions systems
Ki rsten Brandt, Lorna Lck, Chri stoph Schmidt, Chr is Seal and
Carlo Leifer t, Newcastle Un iversity
Bioacademy 2006Lednice/Czech Republ ic
ORGANIC CONVENIONAL
Dry weight % minerals Protein
Vitamin C% NitrateEssential aminoacids Synthetic pesticides
Natural pesticides
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Nutritional value of organic fruits and
vegetables
Organic vegetables have often a higher content in someminerals (Fe, Mg) and vitamins (Vit.C);
Organic fruits and vegetables have a higher content inpolyphenols;
Organic fruits and vegetables have in most cases
a higher antioxidant activity;
The cultivar may have a greater impact
than the agricultural techniques;
Source:Claude Aubert/ FrancePartnership in Organic Farming and Food Quali ty14-15 September, 2006 Sofi a/Bulgaria
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lacourgerie.com/potimaron%25202.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lacourgerie.com/serv03.htm&h=637&w=600&sz=22&tbnid=on0R3_ZgzNaKFM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=127&hl=fr&start=82&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpotimarron%26start%3D80%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN8/13/2019 Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea
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Polyphenols in organic and conventionalpeaches
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Polyphenol content
Organic
Conventional
Polyphenols(mg EGA/100gDM)
Source : Fauriel J. et al, 2005EGA = Equivalent Gallic Acid
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Antioxydant activity of applepeel and flesh
0
2
4
68
10
12
14
16
18
20
Peel Flesh
Organic
Conventional
Integrated
Source : Peck G.M., 2004
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Nutritional value : what differences in
other types of food? Grain : a little less proteinsin organic products
but of better quality;
Animal fat: more polyinsaturatedfattyacid in organic products;
Milk, cheese and meat : more Omega 3 and
CLA (Conjugated Linolenic Acid) fatty acidsinorganic products
Wine : more resveratrol in organic wine
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.passeportsante.net/DocumentsProteus/images/lait_nu-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.passeportsante.net/fr/Nutrition/EncyclopedieAliments/Fiche.aspx%3Fdoc%3Dlait_nu&h=225&w=165&sz=4&tbnid=NGYzuGcDHIV_WM:&tbnh=102&tbnw=74&hl=fr&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlait%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://w3.inra.fr/var/inra/htmlarea/1561/ble_farandole.jpg&imgrefurl=http://w3.inra.fr/la_science_et_vous/dossiers_scientifiques/biodiversite/questions_de_recherche/ressources_genetiques_et_selection/le_centre_de_ressources_genetiques_cereales_a_pailles&h=294&w=194&sz=13&tbnid=y4yHqaFTQtKspM:&tbnh=111&tbnw=73&hl=fr&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%25C3%25A9pi%2Bde%2Bbl%25C3%25A9%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN8/13/2019 Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea
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Mycotoxins in organic and conventional food
Number of
comparative
studies concluding
to :
Grain, flour, bread Milk
Lessmycotoxins inorganic products
More mycotoxins in
organic food ONo significative
difference O
Source : Aubert C., 2003
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Twice as much Omega 3 in
organic milk
Omga 3
(mg/g fat)
Source : Louis Bolk Institute, 2005
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Pesticide residues in grapes
(26 samples analysed in Germany by the magazine Test) No residue : 1 sample (organic grapes, Italie)
One pesticide : 5 samples (Spain, Egypt)
Two pesticides : 4 samples (Spain, Italy)
Three pesticides :7 samples (Spain, Italy, Argentine)
Four pesticides : 4 samples (Italy, Chile, South Africa)
Five pesticides : 3 samples (Spain, Argentine) Six pesticides : 1 sample (Italy)
Eight pesticides : 1 sample (Spain)
Source : Test magazine, Germany
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/BOT410/Angiosperm/Grapes-300.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/BOT410/Angiosperm/fruits2.htm&h=320&w=300&sz=92&tbnid=QBdyzM47mCpnyM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=105&hl=fr&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgrapes%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D8/13/2019 Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea
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Malathion metabolites in 3 to 11 years old childrens urine
according to the type of food consumed(conventional or organic)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Conv food(days 1-3)
Org food (days4-7)
Conv food(days 8-15)
Malathion metabolites in
urine
Source : Lu, 2005
g/litre
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Impact of organic and conventional food onanimal health
Better health with
organic food
(12 studies)
No difference
(8 studies)
Better health with
conventional food
(1 study)
Source : Fibl, Switzerland
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ANIMALS PREFER ORGANIC FOOD
0102030405060708090
100
Rabbits Hens Rats (1992)
ConventionalfoodOrganic food
Percentageof foodeaten
Sources : Edelmller(1984), Plochberger (1989), Plochberger/Velimirov (1992)
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When the last tree will be cut,The last river poisoned,
The last fish caught,
Then you will find outThat money cannot be eaten
Cree proverb(Canadian Indians)
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