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DENTAL ANATOMY
Drg Nursiah Nasution Mkes
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1. Anatomy of a tooth.
a. Anatomical crown- portion of tooth
covered with enamel
Dental Anatomy
Anatomic crown
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b. Clinical crown- visible part of tooth
above the gum line.
Anatom
crownClinical
crown
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c. Root
(1) Part of tooth embedded in thealveolar process and covered by
cementum.
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d. Apex- tapered end of root tip.
e. Apical foramen-opening atthe root tip.
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3. Tissues of the tooth.
a. Enamel
(1) Makes up anatomic crown.(2) Hardest material in the human
body.
(3) Incapable of remodeling and
repair.
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Enamel
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b. Dentin
(1) Makes up bulk of tooth.
(2) Covered by enamel on crownand cementum on the root.
(3) Not as hard as enamel.
(4) Exposed dentin is oftensensitive to cold, hot, air, and
touch (via dentinal tubules).
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
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c. Cementum
(1) Covers root of tooth.
(2) Overlies the dentin and joinsthe enamel at the cemento-enamel
junction (CEJ).
(3) Primary function is to anchor
the tooth to the bony socket
with attachment fibers.
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
Cementum
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d. Pulp
(1) Made up of blood vessels
and nerves entering throughthe apical foramen.
(2) Contains connective tissue,
which aids interchangebetween pulp and dentin.
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
Cementum
Pulp
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4. Periodontiuma. Alveolar process.
(1) Bone extensions of the maxillaeand mandible that supports the
teeth.
(2) Cortical plate is the dense outerlayer of bone covering the spongy
(cancellous) bone
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
Cementum
PulpAlveolarProcess
Cortical PlateSpongy Bone
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b. Periodontal ligaments.
(1) Dense connective fibrous
tissues that connect teeth to
the alveolar bone.(2) One end is embedded in
cementum and other end in
bone.(3) Supports and protects the
tooth from normal shock.
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
Cementum
PulpAlveolarProcess
Cortical PlateSpongy Bone
PeriodontalLigaments
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c. Gingiva - surrounds the teeth
and covers the alveolar process.
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Dentin
Enamel
DentinalTubules
Cementum
PulpAlveolarProcess
Cortical PlateSpongy Bone
PeriodontalLigaments
Gingiva
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Deciduous Teeth
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Types of Dentition
d. Teeth in each quadrant.
(1) Central incisor
(2) Lateral incisor
(3) Cuspid
(4) 1st molar
(5) 2nd molar
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1. Deciduous (baby) teeth
a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth.
b. Arches - maxillary and mandibular.
c. Quadrants - each arch divided in
half.
(1) Maxillary right and left.
(2) Mandibular right and left.
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e. Anterior and posterior teeth.
(1) Anterior - centrals, laterals,and cuspids.
(2) Posterior - molars.
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f. Numbering system.
(1) Alphabetical.
(2) Maxillary - patientsright to left, A thruJ.
(3) Mandibular -
patients left to right,K thru T.
Deciduous Teeth
K
L
M
NOP
Q
R
S
T
A
B
C
DF
H
I
J
EG
R
MAXILLARY
MANDIBULAR
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Types of Dentition
2. Permanent teeth.
a. Thirty-two (32) permanent
teeth.
b. Arches - maxillary
& mandibular.
R L
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c. Quadrants.
(1) Maxillary right and left.
(2) Mandibular right and left. R L
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d. Teeth in each quadrant.
(1) Central incisor.
(2) Lateral incisor.
(3) Cuspid (canine).
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(4) 1st bicuspid
(5) 2nd bicuspid
(6) 1st molar
(7) 2nd molar
(8) 3rd molar
(wisdom tooth)
Permanent Teeth
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e. Anterior and posterior teeth.
(1) Anteriors - central,
lateral and cuspids.
(2) Posteriors - bicuspids
and molars.
Permanent Teeth
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f. Numbering system.
(1) Numerical.
(2) Maxillary-patientsright to left, number
1 thru 16.
(2) Mandibular-patientsleft to right, number
17 thru 32.
R L
Permanent Teeth
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1. Facial - next to cheeks & lips .
a. Labial- anterior facial.
b. Buccal - posterior facial.
2. Lingual- next to tongue.
3. Mesial - towards midline, an imaginary line
between central incisors.
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4. Distal- away from midline.
5. Incisal- cutting edge of anterior teeth.6. Occlusal- chewing surface of the posterior
teeth.
Tooth Surfaces
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7. Proximal surfaces - mesial
or distal surface of a tooth
lying next to another tooth.
8. Interproximal space
(embrasure) - spaces between
teeth, filled with hard and
soft tissue (interdental papilla).
Tooth Surfaces
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9. Cusps- pronounced elevationson the occlusal surfaces of a
tooth terminating in a conical orrounded surface.
Tooth Surfaces
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Any Questions
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Dental Anatomy
Types of Dentition
Tooth Surfaces
SUMMARY. .
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Central incisor
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labial
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lingual
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mesial
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distal
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Lower wisdon tooth
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Penomoran geligi permanent
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Tooth section
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Tooth x section