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Presenters: Linhai He, George Cherian
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3GPP2 Technology Webinar
m2m is at the cusp of a major growthspurtlike wireless data in 1997 andSmartphones in 2006
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How is cdma2000 (1x, HRPD) being used form2m today ?
m2m what really matters ?
How do we enable explosive growth in m2mwith 3GPP2 technology ?
Air-Interface Enhancements
Network Evolution
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
HRPD/1x
Remote Patient Monitoring and
Health Care
The success of CardioNets solution has driven a host
of other remote patient monitoring solution providers
into the market
Consumer Telematics
DriveCam has helped save lives & reduce teendriving collisions by 70%
Digital Payment Technologies
Many parking operators report a very short cycle for
return on their investment typically 12-15 months
Remotely Monitor Dispersed Assets
Re-moving the need to send personnel to checkup on
distant assets and infrastructure
Logging, Mining, Oil & Gas Reporting
Reduced Truck Rolls
On average, the SmartTrash system saves
customers between 25 to 70% on waste
management costs
People and Asset Monitoring
800k children go missing in the US each year, over 5M elderly
adults are suffering from Alzheimers/dementia
Track high-value mobile assets including bank bags, laptops,
vehicles & retail goods whether they are indoors, outdoors,
traveling or at a fixed location.
E-Readers
Eliminate ~50% of publishers
operational expenditures.
Smart Grid
Tatas CDMA2000 solution downloads datain 6-8 hours, previous solution took 4-5days
to make the same data available
Sea transport & ship ping
Companies need costal coverage with an
increasing demand for high data speed Fishing, Passenger, Leisure, Freight
Source: www.cdg.org
Slide 4
http://www.drivecam.com/http://www.tata.com/default.aspxhttp://www.tata.com/default.aspxhttp://www.toshiba.com/tai/index.jsphttp://www.cardionet.com/index.htmhttp://www.omnilink.com/index.htmlhttp://www.drivecam.com/http://digitalpaytech.com/http://www.tata.com/default.aspx8/11/2019 6 Enhancing M2M Communications
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Lower power consumption + excellent coverage Increases in total addressable market (TAM) Reduces cost for a target battery life
Higher connection capacity Enables operators to support more direct cellular
m2m nodes with a given amount of network resource
Solution cost Module cost is just a component; Network + Service + Maintenance cost are critical
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Promote use of existing technologies (andleverage coverage + network)
Enhance the air-interface to improve batterylife and connection capacity
Evolve network architecture
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Battery Life
Congestion and Overload Control
Efficient handling of infrequent data transfers
m2m server and network control of m2m client
Fast re-authentication
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Communication w/ m2m devices without an IP address
An external m2m device identifier
Group addressing, communication, and billing
Efficient test and certification processes
6/19/2103 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 8
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1x air-interface is optimized for low-rate
(voice, data) communications and 1xdeployments (at 800MHz or below) haveexcellent coverage
Most m2m apps are characterized bylow-rate data and require good linkbudget
1x offers a cost-effective solution to meet
the needs of a large portion of m2mapplications
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Ch
aracteristics 450, 800-
900MHz bands Licensed
spectrum
Widelydeployed forvoice
communications Mature
Networks
Benefits Excellent
coverage No interference
from unlicensedusage
Limitations Not designed
for m2m
6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 12
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Simple app: 1x, m2m module uploads report (200
bytes) daily
6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
Device
OFF
Power
UP
Overhead
ReadCall Setup PPP Setup
Data
TransferWait for Network Dormancy
Power
Down
Registration
Power
DOWN
Device
OFF
1.28
sec
1-1.5
sec
2
sec
0.2
sec
10
sec0.5
sec
Device
OFF
Power
UP
Call
Setup
Data
Xfer
Power
DOWN
Device
OFF
0.8
sec
0.06
sec
0.5
sec
Using Traffic Channel
(1x Rev. F)
6 msgs15 msgs
900B
200
B
Data-driven
dormancy
Using Traffic Channel
(Baseline)
Figure not to scale
Idle
State
2
msgs
Slide 13
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Simple app: 1x, m2m module uploads report(200 bytes) daily
6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
Device
OFF
Power
UP
Overhead
ReadCall Setup PPP Setup
Data
TransferWait for Network Dormancy
Power
Down
Registration
Power
DOWN
Device
OFF
1.28
sec
1-1.5
sec
2
sec
0.2
sec
10
sec0.5
sec
Device
OFF
Power
UP
Data
Xfer
Power
DOWN
Device
OFF
0.06
sec
Using Access Channel
(1x Rev. F)
6 msgs15 msgs
900B
200
B
Using Traffic Channel
(Baseline)
Figure not to scale
Idle
State
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3GPP2 Technology Webinar
The 1x air-interface is amenable to simple
changes that enable an extremelyefficient air-interface for m2m
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
# Enhancement Primary Benefit
1 Set Network Dormancy Timer for Data ServiceOptions to a smaller value (e.g., 4 seconds)
i. Device Battery Lifeii. Network Capacity
2 Increase # of RACH channels (up to 6) i. Access Capacity
Slide 17
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
# Enhancement Primary Benefit
1 Device-Driven Dormancy i. Battery Lifeii. Network Capacity
2 Network-friendly application development
i. Minimize data transferred (e.g., update location for atracking application only when the location changes)
ii. Avoid application layer ACKs (where possible)
i. Battery Life
ii. Network Capacity
Slide 18
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar
# Enhancement Spec Primary Benefit
1 Increase PPP inactivity timer (for m2m devices)
Ignore power down registration (from power-
sensitive m2m devices)
N i. Device Battery Life
ii. Network Signaling
Load
2 Hierarchical Paging (1st
page to last active set) +Direct Channel Assignment (over F-PCH)
Y i. Paging Capacityii. Device Battery Life
3 Joint R-FCH and R-SCH request + assignment at
connection setup
Y i. Device Battery Life
ii. Network Signaling
Load
4 Smart Blanking for data service option Y i. Device Battery Life
ii. RL capacity
Slide 19
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3GPP2 Technology Webinar
m2m solutions have a much longer life-span
than the typical voice/data devices and theproposed solutions will open new marketopportunities in the m2m space
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1
3
5
7
9
11
13
BatteryLifeImprovement
0dBm Tx 20dBm Tx Implementation only
uses shorter preamblewith R-ACH (reverse
access channel)
Implementation + Stds Data over signaling w/
38.4k R-EACH (enhancedR-ACH) @ 0dBm
Connection w/ R-FCH(reverse fundamentalchannel) @ 20dBm
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Device-only Complete
Proposal
ConnectionCapacity
Increase
Device-Driven
Dormancy gains
require application
developers to use theavailable modem API
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4800
16000
48000
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
#ofnodes/secto
r/1.25MHz RL Capacity defined at
RoT(rise over thermal)
> 10dB, 1% of the time
Similar relative gains areobserved at RoT > 7dB,1% of the time
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 26
3GPP2
Network
M2M
Device
3GPP2 Operator
Boundary
M2M
Server
( A )( B ) ( C )
M2M
ApplicationM2M
Application
3GPP2
Network
3GPP2 Operator
Boundary
3GPP2 Operator
Boundary
M2M
DeviceM2M
Device
Direct Communication
Under 3GPP2 Operator Control
M2M Service Provider
Controlled Communicaiton
3GPP2 Operator Controlled
Communication
3GPP2
Network
M2M
Server
Indirect Model Indirect ModelDirect Model
M2M
Application
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Can support 1x-RevF air-interface without anynetwork architecture changes
Required Configurations Disable PPP session timer
Configure a long PPP session inactivity timer
Maintain PPP session through power-downregistration Device and RAN keep radio session
RAN keeps A10 so that PPP is maintained in the PDSN
6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 27
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 28
M2MServerAPI IP
1xCS SMS
M2Msp
RAN M2MApplication
Control plane
User plane
Indirect Model
Direct Model
Hybrid Model
IP
UE
M2M
User
SMS
HA/LMA
M2M-IWF
MSC/
MSCe
AAA
MC
HRPD
or 1x
1
2
2
1
1 2+
M2M
Application
M2
A10/A11
HLR/AC
M1
2
USSD-GW
2
M3
PDSN
2
IP
IP
SMS
USSD
USSD
1xCS USSD
IPIP
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M2M-IWF, the interface to the M2M operators system, hides3GPP2 network topology and details Shares common interface between IWF and M2M/MTC server
Allow both CS and PS device trigger for handling infrequent DataTransmissions CS trigger via SMS, USSD, etc. PS trigger via IP interface AAA/HLR may store mapping between external ID and internal ID
IETF ERP (EAP Extensions for EAP-Re-authentication Protocol)based Fast Re-authentication Speed up the data connection without requiring the PDSN to keep
MSs state
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6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 30
Thank You!
For more information, please visit http://www.3gpp2.org.
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cdma2000 is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certainspecifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2.Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000 is aregistered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-
USA) in the United States.
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