3rd IRRB meeting3rd IRRB meeting
1. Customer satisfactions2. Environmental actions1. Customer satisfactions2. Environmental actions
Director General, Technology Planning Dept. and Research & Development Center
East Japan Railway Company
Director General, Technology Planning Dept. and Research & Development Center
East Japan Railway Company
Takashi ENDOTakashi ENDO
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
1. Customer satisfactions
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
What is CS in railway?
SafetySafetyandand
StabilityStability
SafetySafetyandand
StabilityStabilityReasonableReasonable
pricepriceReasonableReasonable
priceprice
ConvenienceConvenienceandand
ComfortComfort
ConvenienceConvenienceandand
ComfortComfort
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
●Contactless IC card ”Suica” Improvement of Suica function●Touch-less gate system More comfort than Suica
AnytimeAnywhereAnyone
Station
Gate
On train
Station
Destination
●Railway information railway service information, time table●Business on web site Seat reservation, electronic settlement
●Design for improved comfort in near-future trains●Improving sound insulation of passenger compartments●On-board ticket inspection system
■Improvement of comfort on train
●”Smart Station” vision
■IC cards and wearable tickets
■Approach by web site
Ticketoffice
Convenience and comfort in railway
Go easily to a destination
●Automation of operation management
■ Support for quick return to schedule after disruptions
Facilities
●Network signal control system Application of general IP technology
■High reliability and cost saving facilities
HomeOffice
●Higher running speeds●Eco-friendliness
■Speed up
■Precise information for passengers
Transportation
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
2. Environmental actions
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
New energy system
・ Development of diesel hybrid train
・ Development of fuel cell hybrid train
Action to environment and energy
Important R&D concepts in East Japan Railway company
about environment and energy
Harmony with environment
・ Circulation use of resources
・ Prevention of warming by CO2 reduction
・ Reduction of an environmental pollution material
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
A carbon dioxide discharge
1,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
mill
ion
-t
16,000
17,000
18,000
19,000
20,000
21,000
22,000
23,000
24,000
1980
1985
1990
1995
1999
2000
2001
2002
mill
ion
-t
A worldwide carbon dioxide discharge(Statistics bureau, ministry of internal affairs and communications)(National institute for environmental studies)
A carbon dioxide discharge in Japan
・ The issue of global warming worsens more and more
・ The Kyoto Protocol was in acted in Feb 16th,2005
(Protocol adoption: Dec 1997) Greenhouse gas reduction target in Japan:
6% reduction compared with 1990 ratio
⇒ Greenhouse gas reduction is urgent business
2012 target
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Japan’s Environment ( CO2 emissions )
Transport262
Household395
Industrial466
Other163
Motor Vehicles231
JR East2.39
Other railway companies4.61
Railways 7
Airplanes 11Others 13
14
19
Bus 53
Aircraft 111
Motor Vehicles 175
Rail (average)
JR East
Japan’s CO2 emissions ( Million t-CO2 )
Japan’sCO2
emissions, by sector
Comparison of CO2 emissions
Source: ”Transportation and Environment,” Foundation for Promoting Personal Mobility and Ecological
Transportation
(g-CO2/passenger-km)
Transport CO2
emissions,by mode
CO2 emissions of rail overall,
JR East Note: All data are for FY2004
・ The Kyoto Protocol was enacted in February 2005.
・ Emission reduction target -6% (compared with 1990 )・ Rail’s environmental impact per unit of transport is low.
・ However, JR East’s share of total CO2 emissions among railways overall in Japan is large.
・ The Kyoto Protocol was enacted in February 2005.
・ Emission reduction target -6% (compared with 1990 )・ Rail’s environmental impact per unit of transport is low.
・ However, JR East’s share of total CO2 emissions among railways overall in Japan is large.
JR East is making further efforts to reduce its environmental load.JR East is making further efforts to reduce its environmental load.
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Energy flows of JR East
Source: JR East Group Sustainability Report 2006
0.22 million t-CO2
Inputs/Outputs Sources of electricity
Crude oilequivalent95,000 kℓ
(3.7billion MJ)
Electricity6.24Billion kWh
(56.4billion MJ)
Conventional lines3.10 billion kWh 50%
Shinkansen lines1.15 billion kWh 18%
Stations, offices, etc.1.41 billion kWh 23%
Supplied toother companies
0.58 billion kWh 9%
1.44 million t-CO2
Fossil fuels, etc.
1.16 million t-CO2
JR East’ thermal plant2.67 billion kWh 43%
JR East’shydroelectric plant
0.82 billion kWh 13%
Purchased2.75 billion kWh 44%
Conventional lines29,000kℓ 31%
Stations,offices, etc.
66,000kℓ 69%
Energy consumption
Railway operation energy is about 74% of all consumption
94%
6%
City gas,kerosene,
class C heavy oil
Diesel fuel,kerosene,
class A heavy oil,city gas
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Evolution of conventional trains in JR East
Stainless steel body, light weight bogie, regenerative brakes
Light weight stainless steel body, VVVF inverter, induction motor
103 series(1963~ )
205 series(1985~ )
209series(1993~ )
100%
66%
47%
Information management with TIMS
Reduction of wiringE231 series(2000~ )
Old type
New type
New series
Power consumptionPower consumption 103 series = 100%
ConceptHalf of the costs/ weight/ life
Concept・ A new “general form” train・ New train information management system・ Barrier-free promotion
Steel body, resistance brakes control, direct current motor
E233 series(2006~ )
Double system of main devices
Person friendly railcar
(Universal design, barrier-free)
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Development design of NE (New Energy) train
Diesel trains in JR East: about 530 cars
1. Low energy efficiency
2. Emission and noise
3. Much maintenance
4. Performance of acceleration and braking
Concept1. Harmony with environment・ Energy saving・ Reduction of emission and noise2. Switch to electrical railcar technologies・ Less maintenance・ Performance improvement
44 43.141 40.6
20.6 19.7 18.8 18.617.5
30
40
50
1990 2000 2001 2002 2005
(bill
ion
MJ)
10
17
24
(MJ/
car-
km)
(Target) (Base)
EC:17
DC:23
Trends in energy consumed for train operations and train energy consumption
per unit of transportation volume
Energy consumed for
train operations
Train energy consumption per
unit of transportation
volume
Diesel hybrid train
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Development of diesel hybrid train
• Environmental load reduction– Energy saving of around 20% with regenerative brake– Reduction to half in NOx and PM, by combination with An anti-effluent
gas measure engine and hybrid system• Application of latest train technology
– Realization of less maintenance and performance level same as a electrical train by using common device
• Hybrid system
Light oil
Battery
Converter
Dieselengine
Generator
Wheel
タAuxiliary power supply
Inverter
Motor
Motor
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Diesel Hybrid TrainBattery for traction system
Driving bogieRunning bogie EngineGenerator Converter/Inverter
CP
Engine
LB
SIV
Line braker
Radiator
Fuel Tank
Body Stainless steel (length 20 m)
MAX speed 100 km/h Main circuit ・ Hybrid system
・ Control device・ Traction motor・ Battery for traction system・ Generator・ Engine
Series Hybrid SystemVVVF inverter (IGBT)Induction motor (95 kW×2)Lithium ion battery ( 10 kWh)Induction generator (180 kW)Diesel engine (330 kW/2100 rpm)
Bogie Bolsterless bogie
Brake system Electric command air brake system with regenerative braking
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Hybrid control system
Stop Departure
Power running Braking
E : Engine G : Generator C : Converter SIV : Static inverter I : Inverter B : Battery for traction system M : Motor W :Wheel
GI C
M
M
B
GI C
MSIV
M
B
W
W
E GI C
M
M
B
GI C
MSIV
M
B
W
W
E
GI C
M
M
B
GI C
MSIV
M
B
W
W
EGI C
M
M
B
GI C
MSIV
M
B
W
W
E
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Diesel hybrid train “KIHA 200 series”
Diesel Hybrid Railcar
Koumi line
Capacity117 passengers
(Both ends have driver’s cabs)
Maximum speed 100kmh
Floor height(Step height)
1130mm(970mm)
Rest roomA Western style restroom for wheelchair
A vacuum-type sanitation device
Body Light weight stainless steel
OthersLED destination displayGuide display inside car
Generator and engine
for low floor
Motor Unification of a main circuit device
and assistance power-supply unit
Li-ion battery A rest room for wheel chair
Capability for one-man operation
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Development of fuel cell hybrid train
■An aim of fuel cell system development
All vehicles which JR East holds: approx. 13,000 railcars1.Further environmental load reduction
2.Realization of a new power system for coping with the fossil fuel drying up
(Switch from electricity to hydrogen)
3.Reduction of ground facilities, Effective use of rail space,
Scenic improvement along lines
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Fuel cell hybrid train
Battery for traction system
Converter/InverterFuel cellHydrogen tank
Main circuit
・ Hybrid system Series hybrid system・ Control device VVVF inverter (IGBT)・ Traction motor Induction motor (95kW×2)・ Battery for traction system Lithium ion battery (19kWh)・ Fuel cell 65kW×2・ Hydrogen tank 270liter / 35MPa
■Purposes of development
・ Development of hybrid system using fuel cell and battery
・ Safe vehicle structure and ground facilities for hydrogen supply
・ Development of technology in accordance with laws
■Fuel cell hybrid train (Remodeling of NE train)
Body Stainless steel (length 20m)
MAX speed 100km/h Bogie Bolsterless bogie
Brake system
Electric command air brake system with regenerative
braking
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
System constitution
Diesel Hybridsystem
Light oil
Battery
Con-verter Diesel
engineGenerator
Wheel
タ
Auxiliary power supply
Inverter
Motor
Fuel cell system
Battery
Voltageup
chopper
タ
Auxiliary power supply
InverterHydrogen
tankMotor
Wheel
Motor
Motor
Fuel cell
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Test run movie of fuel cell hybrid train
Copyright 2006 East Japan Railway Company All rights reserved.
Expectations toward fuel cell vehicle realization
Larger capacity and higher speed
hydrogen supply/filling system
Higher power density, more compact size
and lighter weight
Higher voltage and longer life
Lower price
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