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Technical Report Documentation Page1. Report No.
NITC-RR-5832. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.
4. Title and Subtitle
Lessons From The Green Lanes:Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes In The U.S.
5. Report Date
June 2014
6. Performing Organization Code
7. Author(s)
Chris Monsere, Jennifer Dill, Nathan McNeil, Kelly Clifton, Nick Foster, Tara
Goddard, Matt Berkow, Joe Gilpin, Kim Voros, Drusilla van Hengel, Jamie
Parks
8. Performing Organization Report No.
9. Performing Organization Name and Address
Chris Monsere
Portland State University
P.O. Box 751
Portland, Oregon 97207
10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)
11. Contract or Grant No.
NITC-RR-58312. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address
National Institute for Transportation and Communities (NITC)
P.O. Box 751Portland, Oregon 97207
13. Type of Report and Period Covered
Final Report
14. Sponsoring Agency Code
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Abstract
This report presents finding from research evaluating U.S. protected bicycle lanes (cycle tracks) in terms of their use, perception, benefits, and
impacts. This research examines protected bicycle lanes in five cities: Austin, TX; Chicago, IL; Portland, OR; San Francisco, CA; and
Washington, D.C., using video, surveys of intercepted bicyclists and nearby residents, and count data. A total of 168 hours were analyzed in this
report where 16,393 bicyclists and 19,724 turning and merging vehicles were observed. These data were analyzed to assess actual behavior of
bicyclists and motor vehicle drivers to determine how well each user type understands the design of the facility and to identify potential conflicts
between bicyclists, motor vehicles and pedestrians. City count data from before and after installation, along with counts from video observation,
were used to analyze change in ridership. A resident survey (n=2,283 or 23% of those who received the survey in the mail) provided the
perspective of people who live, drive, and walk near the new lanes, as well as residents who bike on the new lanes. A bicyclist intercept survey
(n= 1,111; or 33% of those invited to participate) focused more on people’s experiences riding in the protected lanes. A measured increase was
observed in ridership on all facilities after the installation of the protected cycling facilities, ranging from +21% to +171%. Survey data indicates
that 10% of current riders switched from other modes, and 24% shifted from other bicycle routes. Over a quarter of riders indicated they are
riding more in general because of the protected bike lanes. A large majority of drivers and bicyclists stated that they understood the intent of the
intersection designs and were observed to use them as intended, though specific designs perform better than others on certain tasks. No collisions
or near-collisions were observed over 144 hours of video review for safety at intersections, including 12,900 bicyclists. Residents and bicyclists
indicated that any type of buffer shows a considerable increase in self-reported comfort levels over a striped bike lane, though designs with more
physical separation had the highest scores. Buffers with vertical physical objects (those that would be considered protected lanes - e.g. with
flexposts, planters, curbs, or parked cars) all resulted in considerably higher comfort levels than buffers created only with paint. Flexpost buffers
got very high ratings even though they provide little actual physical protection from vehicle intrusions— cyclists perceive them as an effective
means of positive separation. Support for the protected lanes among residents was generally strong with 75% saying that they would support
building more protected bike lanes at other locations, and 91% of surveyed residents agreed with the statement, “I support separating bikes from
cars.” This agreement was high among primary users of all modes (driving, walking, transit, and bicycling), though motorists expressed concerns
about the impacts of protected lanes on congestion and parking. Most residents also agreed with the statement “I would be more likely to ride a
bicycle if motor vehicles and bicycles were physically separated by a barrier,” with “ Interested but Concerned” residents expressing the highestlevel of agreement at 85%. Nearly three times as many residents felt that the protected bike lanes had led to an increase in the desirability of living
in their neighborhood, as opposed to a decrease in desirability (43% vs 14%).
17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement
No restrictions. Copies available from NITC:
www.otrec.us/NITC
19. Security Classification (of this report)
Unclassified
20. Security Classification (of this page)
Unclassified
21. No. of Pages177
22. Price
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
40/179
0 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
; 4"#3(12*1$% $' #*04R ' -31!1*1"#
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41/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
42/179
12 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
44/179
13 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
;7N7L
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
45/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 /1
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46/179
14 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
47/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 /X
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
48/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
49/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 /Y
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
50/179
10 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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51/179
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f.)-6"14 H/5.1&` H0.&&0X"KS1/X
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52/179
32 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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53/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 0/
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
54/179
33 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
;7; 2?@ABS $(
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
55/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 01
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
56/179
34 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
f.)-6"14 H/5.1&` H0.&&0X"KS1/X
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
57/179
H&3'-";)":4 :S *)(>. N,'"?")"&3 0X
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58/179
3 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
59/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
60/179
30 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
61/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
62/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
63/179
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
64/179
C3 @%;&.)A()76 7< +('8/ 9-&)B)()%;
@.A>& F*7, 8%&*P=62.>>.2"0= 5?.%.92&%"62"96 01 )2$34 J0$2&6
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65/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
66/179
C4 D%(?787B7:/
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67/179
I&)D:>:?:& K*+, @"B&>"=& 01 8%0e&92 C.2. 50>>&92"0= (110%26
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
69/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
70/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
71/179
I&)D:>:?:"62 & @4/&V
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72/179
42 D%(?787B7:/
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73/179
I&)D:>:?:"24 50=2%0>
•
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
74/179
43 D%(?787B7:/
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O7N7O (CFJ?>F
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
75/179
I&)D:>:?:& K*F, ̀ $BA&% 01 GA6&%H.2"0=6 .2 (.9? F%
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
76/179
44 D%(?787B7:/
O7L 0FC= #J=ECGF
O7L7N #J=ECG $U\CW>DECF
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
77/179
I&)D:>:?:=JZCA>F
K,7,F,+
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78/179
4 D%(?787B7:/
K,7,F,7
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
79/179
I&)D:>:?:=@>D =&3;:43& I&)D:>
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
80/179
40 D%(?787B7:/
K,7,K,+
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K,7,K,7 :"949>"62 )$%H&4 h P=2&%9&/2&3 :"949>"626
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81/179
I&)D:>:?:@
O7;7N 3D>G 5DWGW?DF> 3F
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
82/179
E2 D%(?787B7:/
@.A>& K*K, 50$=2 C.2. 8%0H"3&3 A4 8.%2"9"/.2"=# 5"2"&6
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V"2(&&] BD'6/5. 1/33&10"/%
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
83/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
84/179
E3 +'.*%/ >%;A768%6(;
97L $EC=EDCX #J=ECG (CFIF
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
85/179
*(-!&. =&3;:4>&4)3 X1
@.A>& M*7, J&6"3&=2 )$%H&4 J&6/0=3&=26 I"2? 5&=6$6 50B/.%"60=
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eMN] 0/ e?NN] CQa CMa DNa COa C?a BPa DBa BCa CDa BQa CPa BDa CQa DNa
de?NN] D?a BQa MNa COa MOa M?a ?Pa BNa DOa DCa DRa CDa D?a CPa
W/5. *&). 1/33&J& 8 RCa O?a PNa ODa RMa QQa QPa MPa RBa OPa PNa QOa RCa OPa
% M?O ?PM BPO DR? MNR BBP BABBM
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
86/179
8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
87/179
*(-!&. =&3;:4>&4)3 XX
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8/15/2019 2014 NITC RR 583 Lessons From the Green Lanes Evaluating Protected Bike Lanes in the U.S.
88/179
E +'.*%/ >%;A768%6(;
@.A>& M*K, J&6"3&=2 J&6/0=3&=26 5.2%"i&3 "=20 !0$% @4/&6 01 549>"626
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89/179
*(-!&. =&3;:4>&4)3 XY
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