E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
_______________________________________
November, 11th 2010, Limassol
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositoriesfor Cultural Heritage on the Web:
a State of the Art 2010
Università di Bologna, ItalyElena Toffalori, PhD candidate
________________________________________
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
SummaryOpportunities to publish scientific
3D models on the Web
(Addressing an academic public)
• CH 3D models: features and standards
• E-Publishing: new tendencies
• Best practices and coordination institutions
• 3D Web: advances, issues, DRM
• 3D Repositories: an emerging tool
• CH 3D Repository: a comparative analysis
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D models: features andstandards
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3D Models as spatially organized archives
3D data are more and more adopted (both fromdigitization and abstract modeling)
Models must enable synoptic view ofheterogeneous data, analysis, simulation...
Very useful feature: link to multimedia sources /documents or metadata related both to the modeland the reconstruction process
Forte, M., 2000. About Virtual Archeology: Disorders, Cognitive Interactions andVirtuality. In Virtual Reality in Archaeology. Oxford: Juan A. Barceló, MaurizioForte, Daniel H. Sanders, pagg. 247-263.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Achieve transparency * to sources / metadata
Embedding of metadata
Database connection
Graphical coding of uncertainty
Switch between alternative models
Implementing of generative rules for proceduralmodeling
...
* http://www.londoncharter.org/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://www.certosadibologna.it
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
Greater accuracy in documentation and annotationof the reconstruction process
Data need to be uniform + treated with standardformats
Enrichment of visual (3D) data with metadata andsources
New type of scientific publication: 3D model asintegral part of the study
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing: new tendencies
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
“Traditional” E-Publishing
PDF Documents / Flash Pages / HTML Hypertexts(+ Images, Videos..)
Distributed through Web-press / RSS aggregators(like Google News - free contents / Newspass -pay-news)
Scientific contents: specialized Web-magazinesand portals
More complex data (e.g. 3D Models or culturalobjects) are usually indexed through theirmetadata (RSS or other syndication standards)
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://www.pasthorizons.com/magazine/
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/cva/projectpages/CVA1.htm
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
“Traditional” E-Publishing
ACCESSIBILITY
COST REDUCTION
MULTIMEDIA CONTENTS
MASS DIGITIZATION PROCESS
V
V
V
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
V
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
New tendencies: a “Post-literate age”
Post-textual communication (icons,videos, images, tags): plain text is NOT the maininterface
Tactile, customizable, mobile interfaces(Smartphones, iPod, Kindle, iPad...)
Mashups: integrated geo-information, tagclouds, augmented reality, 3D contents ...........
User-generated contents
McLuhan, M., 1964. Understanding Media: the Extensions of Man McGraw-Hill., New York.
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://www.romereborn.virginia.edu/
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://wikimapia.org/
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
http://secondlife.com/
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
Best practice and coordinationinstitutions
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.brickscommunity.org/
European Projects
BRICKS (2002-)
Development of digitization activities
New generation digital libraries (digital museums,digital archives...)
(3D was taken into account)
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.minervaeurope.org/
European Projects
MINERVA (2002-)
Coordination of digitization activities
Cultural resources indexing and aggregation
Guidelines for cultural portals (e.g. MICHAEL)
Guidelines for Digital Rights Management
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.michael-culture.eu/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep http://www.epoch-net.org/
http://www.londoncharter.org/
European Projects
EPOCH (2004-)
Tools for 3D data acquisition and processing
Manuals and Reports on 3D Techniques (In Man)
Guidelines for quality Cultural 3D (London Charter,2005)
Web semantic
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep http://www.athenaeurope.org/
http://www.carare.eu/
European Projects
ATHENA - CARARE - FOCUS-K3D - AIM@SHAPE
Best practices for digital (and 3D) data creation
Metadata harvesting and indexing (e.g. EUROPEANAPortal 2007-)
Introduction of semantic in Cultural 3D productionpipeline
http://www.focus3d.eu/
http://www.aimatshape.net/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.europeana.eu/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.europeana.eu/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3D-Web: advances, Issues andDRM
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Web 3D = Interactive 3D contents on the Web
1. Business fields (ECONOMIC IMPULSE)
Videogame marketGeo-Information (GPS navigation, GeoRSS, AugmentedReality apps...)
2. User communities (SOCIAL IMPULSE)
MUVEs and MMORPGsMetaverses3D chat
Developement of strong 2D and 3D rendering engines
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://secondlife.com/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.google.com/mobile/goggles/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.google.com/mobile/goggles/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Web 3D
QTVR, VRML (‘90s)
X3D (2004)
XML-based formats
3DMLW, 3DXML, COLLADA (e.g. KMZ), Java3D,O3D/WebGL, U3D
Wide adopted viewers: Adobe Reader (U3D is supported inPDF), Google Earth Web plug-in, HTML5-browsers...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web3D **and related pages**
http://www.pdf3d.co.uk/gallery.php
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D RepHTML5: http://www.google.com/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D RepHTML5: http://thewildernessdowntown.com/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D RepHTML5
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D RepHTML5
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Web 3D
Many APIs and plugins
Embedded 3D effects in web-pages (Flash, HTML5)
Minor experiments from the scientific community:
OSG4WEB (Cineca, CNR for OSG and OpenGL-basedapplications)
Calori, L., 2007. Osg4Web. Condivisione di dati e applicazioni VR WebGIS per ilpaesaggio archeologico. In Secondo Workshop su open source, free software andopen formats nei processi di ricerca archeologica. Available at:http://workshop07.iosa.it/workshop07/index.php?title=Abstract.
http:3d.cineca.it/storage/demo_vrome_ajax/osg4web.html
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://3d.cineca.it/storage/demo_vrome/htdocs/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Issues
Limited compatibility (ADSL, HW-SW requirements)
Usability: not accessible to low-skilled users
Heterodirected: advances come from communication / IT /entertainment market
Not trusted as scientific tools
Common tool for exchange and storage of complex CH data...in the next years?...
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Issues
DRM (digital rights management) andIPM (intellectual property management)
Data sharing and dissemination on digital format is a majorissue in Cultural Heritage
Complex IPR statusMany involved subjectsDerivative contentsUsers “digital access” barrier
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
DRM tools
Access control systems
Copy protection systems
Fully enabled IPR systems
IPR actively protected using
Watermarking or digital / invisible watermarking
Trusted systems
Encryption
Hard-Soft keys
Worldwide legal tools:Creative Commons
licences
http://creativecommons.org/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3D Repositories: an emerging tool
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
An interesting trend is the creation oflibraries of custom 3D objects and avatars
created by the users
along with sale and exchange of texturesand 3D models
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3D Repository as digital objects collections
Personal objects collections pertaining to users ofmetaverses, 3D chats, MUVEs (often supplied by a dedicatedmarket, as in SL)
Highly specialized repositories (e.g. Protein models)
Collaborative projects for massive thematic reconstructions(e.g. Virtual Cities)
DEM and building 3D models for Geo-Web applications
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3D Repository as work and presentation tools
3D Gallery as portfolio for institutions working in the field ofVirtual Reality, 3D Modeling or Computer Graphics)
3D artists works and collaborative collections
Object, material and texture libraries to be used forprofessional 3D modeling or for videogame design
Web-museums exhibitions or educational resources
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://vcg.isti.cnr.it/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Access and contribution model
Access to 3D collections is usually in two steps:
1) Simple preview of metadata, access to additionalcontents and/or screenshots from the model
2) Download OR Interactive Visualization of the model,after installing a plug-in component andauthenticating
Contributors can be registered users of the website/systemor partners of the project.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Implementation
Systems for management of on-line object/contentrepositories are available. Some are open-source
EprintsFedoraDSpace.....
Otherwise a dedicated system is developedBRICKS (EU)* no accessibility/GUI studies!
Doerr, M., 2010. Survey of Existing Repository Technology, Available at: http://www.3d-coform.eu/index.php/downloads/cat_view/34-publicdeliverables/ 37-repository-infrastructure.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Cultural Heritage 3D Repositories:a comparative analysis
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Papers regarding 3D Repositories for Cultural Heritage
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
Examples of CH 3D Repositories:
1) AIM@SHAPE http://shapes.aim-at-shape.net/
2) 3D-COFORM http://www.3d-coform.eu/
3) CY-ARK http://archive.cyark.org/
4) SAVE - 3DWS http://www3.iath.virginia.edu/save/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
1) AIM@SHAPE
NoE European Project
Strongly focused on Web Semantic, Interpretation, indexingand retrieval of digital contents (particularly 3D objects)
(Benchmark gallery for best-practices in creating efficientsemantic and metadata in 3D data)
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
1) AIM@SHAPE
EU’s Sixth Framework ProgrammeFunding
14 research centres, 91 partnersInvolvedInstitutions
http://shapes.aim-at-shape.net/Web Link
Bianca Falcidieno, IMATI-CNR Dept. of GenovaProjectCoordina-tion
2004-2007Year(s)
AIM@SHAPE “Advanced and Innovative Models AndTools for the development of Semantic-basedsystems for Handling, Acquiring, and ProcessingKnowledge Embedded in multidimensional digitalobjects”
Name
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
1) AIM@SHAPE
Contents providers are researchers fromparticipating institutions.
Contributionmodel
Users can preview images and metadata relatedto models. Owners define licenses and accessrestrictions for their models.
AccessModel
Various, from geometric representation (mesh,parametric models, point cloud) to raster dataand motion capture. Shape R. collects PLY, OFF,VRML, OBJ, IGES, STEP with different interactionlevels
SupportedFormats
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
1) AIM@SHAPE
• R. were created as common work platforms, forpublications, software tools, metadata and 3D shapes.
• Shape Common Ontology developed within the project
• Shapes support multi-resolution format, grouping andversioning
• Geometric and Semantic search engine and Categorytree implemented for retrieval
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://shapes.aim-at-shape.net/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
2) 3D-COFORM
Consortium, founded by former partners of EPOCH NoE
Aimed at developing and implementing SW-HW componentsfor broad-based digitization and 3D data handling
(Models from laser-scanning or the open-source EPOCHpipeline. R. is a working tool also hosting raw data)
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
2) 3D-COFORM
EU’s Seventh Framework Programme: 8 M €Funding
19 partners
http://www.3d-coform.eu/index.php/partner
InvolvedInstitutions
http://www.3d-coform.eu/Web Link
David Arnold, University of Brighton, UKProjectCoordina-tion
2008-2012Year(s)
3D-COFORM: Making 3D documentation aneveryday choice for the Cultural Heritage sector;
Name
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
2) 3D-COFORM
Contents provided by participating institutionsand EPOCH tools users.
Contributionmodel
Owners can set access conditions (usually user-authentication). Rendering is performed server-side and requires the installation of a plug-in.Protection of data through watermarking andencryption.
AccessModel
Standard encoding for mesh files is COLLADA-L.R. supports VSL-compatible formats, OBJ,COLLADA and PLY and PTX point cloud formats.Many kinds of multimedia (images, video, texts)data are supported. GIS and more data will behandled through external components
SupportedFormats
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
2) 3D-COFORM
• Address all aspects of 3D data creation fromcapture to dissemination
• CIDOC-CRM ontology for metadata/semanticmanagement
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www.3d-coform.eu/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3) CY-ARK
Scientific non-profit foundation (huge board of partners!)
Strictly focused on models acquired through laser-scanning
Projects with 3D data and historical/context information
(Models from laser-scanning for purposes of documentationor conservation)
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3) CY-ARK
Kacyra Family Foundation, corporate sponsor,partners, donations and volunteering
Funding
http://archive.cyark.org/partnersInvolvedInstitutions
http://archive.cyark.org/Web Link
Founders: Ben and Barbara KacyraProjectCoordina-tion
From 2001Year(s)
CY-ARK; Digitally Preserving and Sharing theWorld’s Cultural Heritage
Name
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3) CY-ARK
Contents provided by participating institutions orindependent contributors. Acquisitions (often HD)encouraged and financed by partners.
Contributionmodel
User-authentication required. Projects include 3Dand multimedia datasets for each CH site.Preview of low-res screenshots is provided, whileaccess to full data is depending on individualagreement with rights owners (e.g. CC License).Advanced view (requires plug-in installation)includes interaction and data extrapolation
AccessModel
ASCII point cloud formats (PTX, PTS, XYZ), someproprietary formats (POD, IMP), most commonmesh formats (3DS, OBJ, DAE). Advanced on-lineviewer requires 3DS or PTS.
SupportedFormats
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
3) CY-ARK
• Acquisition purpose driven by site management,conservation, restoration and documentation needs.
• Metadata limited to geo-referencing, externalcontext information associated through “Projects”.
• GIS-like layer of icons pointing to external resourcesis available for maps and under development for 3Dscenes.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://archive.cyark.org/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://archive.cyark.org/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
4) SAVE - 3DWS
Born with the Rome Reborn Project (2008)
Aim to creating a specialized journal
Advanced on-line interaction and MUVE for educational use
(Pay-per-view contents, targeting scholars and CHprofessional)
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
4) SAVE - 3DWS
Support from US NSN (National Science Foundation)Funding
Virtual World Heritage Laboratory, VirginiaUniversity; ENEA Research Center, Bo-Na, Italy.
InvolvedInstitutions
http://www3.iath.virginia.edu/save/Web Link
Bernard Frisher, IATH Virginia UniversityProjectCoordina-tion
From 2009Year(s)
SAVE - 3DWS. Saving and Archiving VirtualEnvironments (IATH); Technical infrastructure: 3DWeb Service Project (ENEA).
Name
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
4) SAVE - 3DWS
Registered users. Contribution will pass throughtechnical and subject review. Metadata, arelated monograph and underlying documentationcan be attached.
Contributionmodel
Registered users can access interactively viaremote 3D to HD models (java applet installationrequired); preview of metadata and stillscreenshots, and search engine for metadata areprovided. IPR Protection through Watermarking.
AccessModel
3DS Max or Maya; a simplified version can bepublished in KMZ (for Google Earth); a thirdversion, enhanced with avatars, can be used inthe dedicated MUVE application.
SupportedFormats
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rep
4) SAVE - 3DWS
• Fully interactive visualization online through remoterendering (ENEA)
• Aimed to creating a specialized, peer-reviewedjournal for 3D contents
• Allows use of models as social environments and forsimulations, inside a dedicated MUVE
Frischer, B. et al., 2008. Rome Reborn. In SIGGRAPH 2008. Los Angeles: ACM.Frischer, B. et al., In press: 3D Web Service Project. In Fusion of Cultures. CAA 2010
Proceedings, Granada 6-9 april 2010. CAA. Granada. Available at:www.afs.enea.it/project/ark3d/3DWS_Project.pdf.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
CH 3D
E-Publishing
Best practices
3D Web
3D Rep
CH 3D Rephttp://www3.iath.virginia.edu/save/
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
Conclusions
Scientific metadata archives are convergingtowards 3D (e.g. Carare for Europeana)
3D Web quickly developing
Emerging tool: 3D Repositories (aestheticpurposes or specialized object collections)
CH 3D Repositories allow connection to metadataand multimedia documentation
Most oriented to a collaborative model enhancinguser generated contents, community-building andopen source resources.
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
Conclusions
3D Repository can turn out to be an effective toolfor collection, dissemination and publishing of
3DS scientific contents
ISSUES
IPR PROTECTION
DOCUMENTATION
USABILITY
ACCESSIBILITY
V
V
~V
E-Publishing Opportunities and 3D Repositories
_______________________________________
Thank You!
Università di Bologna, ItalyElena Toffalori, PhD candidate
________________________________________
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