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Medium-Sized Switched Network Construction
Vlan Trunking Protocol
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VTP Features
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Cannot create,change, or deleteVLANs
Sends andforwardsadvertisements
Synchronizes
Create VLANs
Modify VLANs
Delete VLANs
Sends and forwardsadvertisements
Synchronizes
Create local VLANs only
Modify local VLANs only
Delete local VLANs only
Forwards advertisements
Does not send advertiseme
Does notsynchronize
VTP Modes
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VTP Operation
VTP advertisements are sent as multicast frames.
VTP servers and clients are synchronized to thelatest revision number.
VTP advertisements are sent every 5 minutes orwhen there is a change.
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VTPPruning
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Configuring VLANs and Trunks
1. Configure and verify VTP.
2. Configure and verify 802.1Q trunks.
3. Create or modify a VLAN on the VTP server switch.
4. Assign switch ports to a VLAN and verify.
5. Execute adds, moves, and changes.
6. Save the VLAN configuration.
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VTP defaults for the Cisco Catalyst switch:
VTP domain name: None
VTP mode: Server mode
VTP pruning: Enabled or disabled (model specific) VTP password: Null
VTP version: Version 1
A new switch can automatically become part of a domain once itreceives an advertisement from a server.
A VTP client can overwrite a VTP server database if the client hasa higher revision number.
A domain name cannot be removed after it is assigned; it canonly be reassigned.
VTP Configuration Guidelines
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SwitchX# configure terminal
SwitchX(config)# vtp mode [ server | client | transparent ]
SwitchX(config)# vtp domain domain-name
SwitchX(config)# vtp passwordpassword
SwitchX(config)# vtp pruning
SwitchX(config)# end
Creating a VTP Domain
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SwitchX(config)# vtp domain ICNDChanging VTP domain name to ICNDSwitchX(config)# vtp mode transparentSetting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode.SwitchX(config)# end
SwitchX# show vtp status VTP Version : 2Configuration Revision : 0Maximum VLANs supported locally : 64 Number of existing VLANs : 17 VTP Operating Mode : Transparent VTP Domain Name : ICND VTP Pruning Mode : Disabled VTP V2 Mode : Disabled VTP Traps Generation : Disabled MD5 digest : 0x7D 0x6E 0x5E 0x3D 0xAF 0xA0 0x2F 0xAAConfiguration last modified by 10.1.1.4 at 3-3-93 20:08:05SwitchX#
VTP Configuration and VerificationExample
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When using VTP, the switch must be in VTP server or transparentmode to add, change, or delete VLANs.
When you make VLAN changes from a switch in VTP servermode, the change is propagated to other switches in the VTPdomain.
Changing VLANs typically implies changing IP networks.
After a port is reassigned to a new VLAN, that port isautomatically removed from its previous VLAN.
When you delete a VLAN, any ports in that VLAN that are notmoved to an active VLAN will be unable to communicate withother stations.
Executing Adds, Moves, and ChangesforVLANs
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Summary
VTP is a Layer 2 messaging protocol that maintainsVLANconfiguration consistency.
VTP have three mode : Server, client , transparent
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Medium-Sized Switched Network Construction
Routing BetweenVLANs
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VLAN-to-VLAN Overview
Network layer devices combine multiple broadcast domains.
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Dividing a Physical Interface intoSubinterfaces
Physical interfaces can be divided into multiple subinterfaces.
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Routing Between VLANs with 802.1QTrunks
interface fastethernet 0/0ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface fastethernet 0/0.2ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0encapsulation dot1q 2
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Summary
Inter-VLAN routing using a router on a stick utilizes an externalrouter to pass traffic between VLANs.
A router on a stick is configured with a subinterface for eachVLAN and 802.1Q trunk encapsulation.
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