13-1 Review and Reinforcement

SolutionsName:

_______1. solutiona. capable of being dissolved

_______2. soluteb. solution with water as the solvent

_______3. solventc. substance that is dissolved in a solution

_______4. solubled. substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts

an electric current

_______5. alloye. a solution containing two or more metals

_______6. aqueous solutionf. homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single

physical state

_______7. electrolyteg. substance that does the dissolving in a solution

In the space provided, describe and give an example of each of the following types of solutions.

8. alloy _______________________________________________________________________

9. liquid solution _____________________________________________________________________

10. gaseous solution ___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Solutions PracticeCircle One:

11. Which states streams will trout survive in better?GeorgiaMaine

12. Which will the fizz remain better in soda?in the refrigeratorat the beach

13. Which will dissolve more sugar in your drink?ice teahot tea

14. Does CO2 dissolve more in soda under high pressurelow pressureneither

15. Does sugar dissolve more in soda under high pressurelow pressureneither

Beaker #1 Beaker #2 Beaker #3 Beaker #4

Iodine

&

CCl4

Salt

&

CCl4

Iodine

&

Water

Salt

&

Water

16. List the solute: _________________________________________________________

1

17. List the solvent: ________________________________________________________

18. Look at the beakers above, label solutes as either ionic or molecular:

___________________________________________________________

19. Look at the beakers above, label solvents as either polar or nonpolar:

___________________________________________________________

20. Label which solutions will be soluble or insoluble:

___________________________________________________________

Interpreting Solubility CurvesName ______________________________

Date ________________ Period _________

Using the solubility graph, answer the following questions.

21. Which substance does not appear to increase greatly in solubility as the temperature is

increased? ____________

22. Which substance(s) appears to decrease in solubility as the temperature is increased?

__________________________________________________________________

23. Which substance appears to increase most in solubility as the temperature is increased?

______________

24. Which substance is most soluble at 0C? ___________________________________

25. Which substance is least soluble at 0C? ___________________________________

26. Which two substances have the same solubility at 73C? _______________________

27. What is the most KNO3 that can be dissolved at 70C? ________________________

28. What is the most NH4Cl that can be dissolved at 70C?________________________

29. At 70C which substance, KNO3 or NH4Cl, can form the more concentrated solution?

_______________

30. At what temperature would you need 100 g of water to dissolve 70 g of NH4Cl? __________

31. At what temperature would you need 100 g of water to dissolve 70 g of KNO3? __________

Solubility Worksheet

32. What is the solubility of KNO3 at 30C? ____________________________________

33. What is the solubility at KNO3 at 70C? ____________________________________

34. Which compound varies the least in solubility over the temperature range of the graph?

_________________

35. In general, what can you say about the solubility of most solids in relationship to temperature?

___________________________________________________________________________

36. Which compounds do not appear to follow this trend? _______________________________

37. What change occurs in the solubility of NH3 as the temperature of the solution increases from

20C to 100C? _____________________________________________________________

38. What is the difference between the solubilities of KNO3 and NaCl at 24C? ______________

39. What is the difference between the solubilities of KNO3 and NaCl at 73C? ______________

40. What type of solution will be formed if 120 grams of KI dissolved in 100 ml of water at 10C?

__________________________________

41. What type of solution will be formed if 120 grams of NaNO3 dissolve in 100 ml of water at 40C?

________________________________

42. How many grams of NaCl are needed to make a saturated solution at 100C? ________________

43. A saturated solution of KCl is made at 70C. 100 ml of solution is cooled to 50C and stirred.

How many grams of KCl solid will appear on the bottom of the beaker? ______________

44. At 100C, the least soluble compound is ______________________.

45. At OC, the most soluble compound is ______________________.

46. Which salt is least soluble in water at 20C? ________________

47. How many grams of potassium chloride, KCl, can be dissolved in 200 g of H2O at 80C? __________

48. At 40C, how much potassium nitrate, KNO3, can be dissolved in 300 g of H2O? ___________

49. Which salt shows the least change in solubility from OC to 100C? __________

50. At 30C, if 90 g of sodium nitrate, NaNO3, is dissolved in 100 g of H2O is this solution saturated,

unsaturated or supersaturated? ________________________

51. A saturated solution of potassium chlorate is formed in 100 g of H2O. If the saturated solution is

cooled from 80C to 50C, how many grams of precipitate are formed? _____________

52. What compound shows a decrease in solubility from 0C to 100C? ________ why? ______________

53. Which salt is most soluble at 10C? ____________

54. Which salt is least soluble at 50C? ____________

55. Which salt is least soluble at 90C? ____________

Molarity Problems

Concentration of Solutions: Complete each of the following sentences by filling in the appropriate word or phrase. Then solve each of the following problems as directed. Show all your work.

56. ___________________is the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute

dissolved in each liter of solution.

57. A ______________________ solution contains as much solute as can be possibly dissolved under

existing conditions of temperature and pressure.

58. The amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution is the ____________________ of a

solution.

59. A solution that contains more solute particles than are needed to form a saturated solution is

_________________________.

60. A solution that has less than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved is called a(n)

___________________________ solution.

61. What is the molarity of the solution formed by mixing 0.20 mol of sodium hydroxide with enough

water to make 150. ml of solution?

62. How many grams of potassium bromide should be added to water to prepare 0.50 L of solution with a

molarity of 0.125 M?

63. What is the molarity of the solution produced when 145 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in sufficient

water to prepare 2.75 L of solution?

64. How many grams of potassium chloride are needed to prepare 0.750 L of a 1.50 M solution of

potassium chloride in water?

65. What is the molarity of the solution produced when 85.6 g of hydrochloric acid is dissolved in

sufficient water to prepare 0.385 L of solution?

66. To produce 3.00 L of a 1.90 M solution of sodium hydroxide, how many grams of sodium

hydroxide must be dissolved?

67. If 8.77 g of potassium iodide are dissolved in sufficient water to make 4.75 L of solution,

what is the molarity of the solution?

68. In order to prepare 2.00 L of a 3.00 M solution of iron (III) chloride, how many grams of

iron (III) chloride must be used?

69. What is the molarity of the solution produced when 14.1 g of ammonia (NH3) is dissolved in

sufficient water to prepare 0.100 L of solution?

70. Copper (II) sulfate, an important copper salt, is used in copper electroplating cells and to kill

algae in swimming pools and water reservoirs. What is the molar concentration of an

electroplating solution in which 1.50 mol of copper (II) sulfate are dissolved in water to make

2.00 L of solution?

71. Sodium bicarbonate is used medicinally to counteract excess stomach acidity. How many

moles of solid sodium bicarbonate would be needed to make 100. mL of 0.660 mol/L

solution suitable for use as an antacid?

72. What is the molar concentration of a solution in which 0.240 mol of washing soda,

Na2CO3 10H2O, is dissolved in water to make 480. mL of a solution for softening wash

water?

73. A useful tile and