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OVERVIEW OFOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
.
Public Health DepartmentFaculty of Medicine - UNISBA
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NUMBER OF CREDIT : 2 SCU
ALLOCATED TIME : 7 sessions x 2 x 50 minutesSEMESTER : VIII
COURSE DECRIPTION :
The subject covers basic concept of occupational health. Thiscourse will cover learning subjects Occupational Health e.g.Introduction to Occupational Health, Workplace Hazard andOccupational Diseases.
COURSE: Occupational Health
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GENERAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This course in occupational health is designed to develop anawareness and understanding of concept in occupational healtharea.
After completing this course the students will able to: Identify some problems in occupational health area understand some diseases related to the occupational
environment underline occupational health problems in the future recognize some prevention methods in occupational health
problems understand some risk factors related to the occupational
health problems practice evaluation in occupational health area
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METHOD : mini lecture and studentgroup presentation
MEDIA : multimediaFORMAT OF THE COURSE
The course of Occupational Health is
presented in 7 sessions.There are required readings for eachsession and it might be useful to readit before beginning the course.
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Required and Recommended readings1. Sumamur, Higene Perusahaan dan Kesehatan Kerja, CV Haji
Masagung, Jakarta, 19942. Levy & Wegman, Occupational Health, Recognizing and
Preventing Work Related Disease. Third Edition. Little Broan
and Company, Boston / NewYork/Toronto/London,20063. Joseph LaDou, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Third
Edition, Lange, USA,20044. Rosenstock, Textbook of Clinical Occupational and
Environmental Medicine, Second Edition, Saunders, 2005,5. Depkes RI: Pedoman Pengendalian Nosokomial di Rumah
Sakit,20016. Bennet,Brachman ed., Hospital Infections,Little Brown,19927. WHO, Practical guidelines for infection control in health care
facilities, 2003
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8. Danggur Kondarus, Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja, LitbangDanggur & Partners, 2006,
9. Prss A, Giroult E, Rushbrook P, eds. Safe Management ofWastes from Health-care Activities. Geneva: World Health
Organization, 1999.10. WHO,Pruss,Giroult,Rushbrook, ed., Safe Management of
wastes from health-car activities, Geneva, 1999,11. Health care waste and its safe management :
http://www.healthcarewaste12. Harrington, Occupational Heath , Pocket Consultant, Blackwell
Scientific Publications,198713. Related website
http://www.healthcarewaste/http://www.healthcarewaste/http://www.healthcarewaste/8/2/2019 1.1 Overview Occupational Health
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SUBJECT OUTLINE
The major goals are: learning and understanding theoccupational health concepts
This course is designed to introduce the scientific basisof occupational health, especially the relevantprinciples and concepts of workplace hazards,toxicology and ergonomics.
The nature of common occupational healthhazards and their effect upon the human bodyare examined. Examples of common protectivemeasures and controls are also reviewed.
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The course will involve a 7 sessions of teaching
Session Topic
1 Overview of Occupational Health
Workplace Hazards
2 Physical and Chemical Hazards at the Workplace
3 Biological and Psychosocial Hazards at the Workplace
4 Ergonomics & Accident
5 Hospital waste and Health care facilities based infections
6 Occupational Health, Occupational diseases and occupationalrelated diseases
7 Regulation and Control in occupational health and safety.
Applying Occupational health and safety in several occupationalenvironment and as ect
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Topic 1.1
Overview of Occupational health Occupational Health,
Occupational Medicine,
Occupational Hygiene
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SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The student will be able :
to understand and describeOccupational health problems (C2)
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References Levy & Wegman, Occupational Health,
Recognizing and Preventing Work Related
Disease. Third Edition. Little Broan andCompany, Boston /NewYork/Toronto/London,2006. Chapter :1
Rosenstock, Textbook of Clinical Occupational
and Environmental Medicine, Second Edition,Saunders, 2005. Chapter : 1,2, 11
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Workers of today go to theirjobs confident that they will
return safely, and in goodhealth.
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While hazards may beencountered on the job, for the
most part these risks havebeen controlled.
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Introduction WHO : Workplace fatalities, injuries and illnesses remain at
unacceptably high levels and involve an enormousand unnecessary health burden, suffering, andeconomic loss amounting to 45% of GDP.
According to the latest ILO estimates for the year2000 there are 2.0 million work-related deaths peryear.
WHO estimates that there are only 10-15% of
workers who have access to a basic standard ofoccupational health services.
A recent study in the United States estimated thatthere are 60,300 job-related deaths caused bydisease.
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The legal responsibility for identifying andcorrecting health and safety hazards rests onthe shoulders of
the workplace parties(employers,contractors, owners,workers,
supervisors,self-employers persons,owners and suppliers).
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Physicians who are employed bymanagement, worker and community
right to know about occupational andenvironmental hazards
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DEFINI TIONOccupational Medicine :
-a branch of medicine concerned
with the prevention and treatmentof occupational diseases
- is primarily a branch of preventivemedicine, with some therapeuticfunctions
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The Occupational Health andSafety Act, 1993, and Regulations
require everyone in the
workplace to work together to
identify and control health and
safety hazards.
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Occupational health Is the multidisciplinary approach to the
recognition, diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention and control of disease,injuries, and adverse health conditionresulting from hazardous environmental
exposures in the workplace
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Occupational Healthis a specialization in Health Science with its
practice with the aim for workers to achieve thehighest degree of health, physically, mentally
and socially with preventive and curativemeasure against diseases or illnesses caused bywork factors or work environment, or common
diseases.
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Occupational Health ILO & WHO define :
As the promotion and maintenance of
the highest degree of physical, mentaland social well being of workers in alloccupations
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Occupational health Is a multidisciplinary activity aimed at :
the protection and promotion of the of
workers by preventing and controllingoccupational diseases and accidentsand by eliminating occupational factors
and conditions hazardous to health andsafety at work
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Occupational health is the total healthof all at work
Occupational health services is seen asa mechanism to achieve its objective
OH is the recognition of a two way
relationship between work and health
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Work may not only have an adverse impacton health, but it may beneficial to health andwell being
The health status of the worker will have animpact on work
Healthy >< un healthy more productive
Worker with impaired health lessproductive, danger to themselves, otherworkers and the community
WORK HEALTH
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Occupational Health
1. Concern with People
2. Concern with Medical
Problems
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Occupational Hygiene is the environmental science of
anticipating, recognizing,
evaluating, and controlling healthhazards in the workingenvironment with the objective of
protecting workers health and wellbeing and safeguarding thecommunity at large.
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Occupational Hygiene Definition from The British Occupational Hygiene
Society :
Occupational hygiene is the applied scienceconcerned with identification, measurement,
appraisal of risk and control to acceptable
standards of physical, chemical and biological
factors arising in or from the workplace whichmay affect the health or well-being of those at
work or in the community
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Industrial Hygiene Is the science and art devoted to the
recognition, evaluation and control of
those environmental factors or stresses,arising in or from workplace, which maycause sickness, impaired health andwell being, or significant discomfort and
efficiency among workers or among thecitizens of community.
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Occupational Health and Safety
ProgramAn occupational health and safety program is
a specific plan of action to prevent
workplace accidents, injuries andoccupational diseases.
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Occupational health and safety programThe program is a framework for all
occupational health and safety activities,
plans and procedures at the place ofemployment.
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Work ProductivityFactors related to work productivity:1. Common Diseases
2. Work Related diseases
3. Nutritional conditions
4. Work Environment
5. Planning and designing the relationshipsbetween people and machines
6. Mental or psychological condition
7. Workers welfare
8. Health Promotion
9. Health Facility
10. Supervision
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Worker
Work environment
Environmental Hazard
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The responsibilities of doctor
working in industry :1. knowledge of the work environment
2. pre-placement, periodic and special medical examinations
3. administrative responsibility for nurses and first-aiders
4. treatment5. health education
6. rehabilitation
7. teaching and research
8. advice to individuals, management, organized labor and
safety representatives9. efficient record keeping
10. group surveillance of those at special risk, e.g canteen staff
11. liase with outside organizations-Government, Universities,other industries
12. reassurance
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Additional Challenges in
Developing Countries1. Export Hazards
2. Inadequate infrastucture and human
resources3. Transnational problems
4. Relationship between the workplace and thehome environment
5. Economic development6. Occupational and Environmental Health
Services and Primary Health Care
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Disciplines and careers in occupational
and environmental health Physicians (preventive medicine, public health,
occupational and environmental medicine, aerospacemedicine
Nurse (occupational health nursing) Public health practitioners (epidemiology,
biostatistics, environmental health, health servicesadministration, health education, behavioral sciences,sanitarians, environmental technicians, food safetyprofessionals, hazardous substance professionals
Industrial hygienist, ergonomists, environmentalengineer
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Related disciplines Toxicology
Epidemiology
Environmental chemistry
System engineering
Sociology
Psychology
Anthropology
Communication science
Environmental law, economics, policy, management
Ecology,agronomy, chemistry, physics an geology
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