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Dec 31 2006
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI Confidential
Internal Use (Only)
GSM BSSTraining Team
ENE040613040001 HUAWEI BSC6000
Hardware Structure and
System Description
ISSUE 1.0
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This course describes the hardware structure of
the HUAWEI BSC6000 system, board module
functions, system operating principles, system
signal flows, and O&M flows. In addition, this
course describes the principles of hardware
configuration and lists some typical
configurations.
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Reference
HUAWEI BSC6000 Hardware Reference
HUAWEI BSC6000 System Description
HUAWEI BSC6000 Architecture and Principles
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Purpose
After learning this course, you should understand
the following contents:
HUAWEI BSC6000 function and features
HUAWEI BSC6000 hardware structure
HUAWEI BSC6000 system principle
HUAWEI BSC6000 typical configuration
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Chapter 1 System Description
Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Chapter 3 Working Principle
Chapter 4 Typical Configuration
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SGSN
MSC
GGSN
.
HLR
Abis
Pb
BSC
MSBTS
MSBTS
MSBTS
PCU
UmPDN
AGs
Gb
The HUAWEI BSC6000 is a new generation GSM BSC product after the HUAWEI
BSC32.
Location of the BSC6000 in the GSM Network
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Features of the BSC6000 System Large capacity, high integration
Supporting 2048TRX at the full rate; supporting 1024TRX at the half rate
Maximum of traffic: 12,000 Erl; BHCA : 2,340,000;
Full-configuration subscriber: 600 000
In case of using the E1 interface board, a maximum of the system is four racks
In case of using the STM-1 interface board, a maximum of the system is three racks
Low cost, low power consumption
256TRX power consumption (including GTCS ) :
1640W (A interface in E1 mode)
1570W (A interface in STM-1 mode)
2048TRX power consumption (including GTCS) :
6920W (A interface in E1 mode)
5620W (A interface in STM-1 mode)
Flexible configuration
Supporting multiple types of networking between BSCs and BTSs
Service-oriented hardware configuration
Multiple clock sources
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Features of the BSC6000 System Comprehensive functions; advanced management algorithm for radio resource
The service functions is categorized into basic functions and optional functions. To protect
investment, the customer choose proper functions that are applied to a specified network
function and capacity.
HW_II Power Control Algorithm
HW_II Handover Algorithm: supporting about 10 handover algorithms, such as Edge handover,
layer handover, and PBGT handover Multiple radio resource allocation technology and flexible radio channel switch mechanism
Practical O& M functions
Friendly GUI
Flexible network parameter configuration
Remote maintenance
Abundant Online Help
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Features of the BSC6000 System Smooth capacity expansion and upgrade
Supporting smooth, in-service capacity expansion
Supporting in-service patching
Strong performance, advanced design
Supporting 2M signaling link
Supportinglocal multiple signaling points
Supporting TC resource pool
Supporting full-index report performance statistics
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This chapter describes the following contents:
Design mentality of the HUAWEI BSC6000 system
System specifications Functions and Features
Summary
Summary
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Chapter 1 System Description
Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Chapter 3 Working Principle
Chapter 4 Typical Configuration
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Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Rack and Subrack
Board
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Abbreviation
Abbreviation Full Name
GBCR GSM BSC Control Processing Rack
GBSR GSM BSC Service Processing Rack
GBAM GSM Back Administration Module
GEPS GSM Extended Processing Subrack
GMPS GSM Main Processing Subrack
GTCS GSM TransCoder Subrack
GIMS GSM Integrated Management System
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Structure of Rack
Model: The BSC6000 uses HUAWEI N68-22 rack. The rack design
complies with the IEC60297 and IEEE standards.
Structure
Dimension: 600mm (width) x800mm (depth) x 2200mm (height)
Weight: Empty rack 150kg; full configuration 350kg
Type
TheBSC6000 rack is categorized into two types: GBCR: GSM BSC Control Processing Rack
GBSR: GSM BSC Service Processing Rack
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Rack GBCR
GBCR (GSM BSC Control Processing Rack ):
It must be configured with main processingsubrack and GBAM server. It processes the
BSC6000 services and performs operations and
maintenance.
In the GBCR,a GIMS and at most two
subracks can be configured .
GIMS: GSM Integrated Management System
consists of the following components:
One KVM (keyboard, video and mouse)
One LAN Switch
One GBAM (GSM Back Administration
Module) server
GBAM
Dummy
panel
LANSwitch
KVM
Cablingsubrack Air
defence
subrack
Powerdistribution
box
Subrack
Subrack
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RackGBSR
GBSR (GSM BSC Service Processing Rack ): It is
only configured with subracks. It performs service
processing functions of the BSC6000.
One service rack can be configured with three
subracks.
According to the requirement of service quantity,
each BSC6000 system contains a maximum of three
service racks.
Dummypanel
subrack
Air defence
subrack
Power
distributionbox
Airdefencesubrack
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Subrack
Subrack: The subrack complies with the
IEC60297 standard. The width of it is 19 inches.
A backplane is in the middle of the subrack, and
boards are inserted from the front and the rear
of the subrack. Both the front subrack and the
rear subrack provide 14 slots. The slots are
numbered 0027 from the front to the rear.
The BSC6000 contains three subracks:
GMPS main processing subrack
GEPS extension processing subrack
GTCS voice processing subrack
Board
Fan box
CablingTrough
Front of subrack Rear of subrack
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SubrackGMPS
GMPS: It performs the basic service processing and operation maintenance functions. In addition,
it provides system clock. The GMPS is configured in the GBCR. Compared with the GEPS
subrack, the GMPS also is configured with the GGCU board.
It can process the services of a maximum of 512 TRXs in full configuration.
GXPUM Slot 02
GTNU Slot 45
GSCU Slot 67
GGCU Slot 1213
GEIUB Slot 1827
GEIUT Slot 1617
GEIUP Slot 1415
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SubrackGEPS
GEPS: It performs basic service processing function of the BSC6000. Each BSC6000 has 03
GEPS that can be configured in the GBCR or GBSR.
It can process the services of a maximum of 512 TRXs in full configuration.
GXPUM slot 02
GTNU slot 45
GSCU slot 67
GEIUB slot 1827
GEIUT slot 1617
GEIUP slot 1415
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SubrackGTCS
GTCS: A GTCS (GSM TransCoder Subrack ) performs transcoding, rate adaptation and sub-
multiplexing.
When the BSC6000 uses E1 transmissions on the A interface, a GTCS provides a maximum of
3,840 speech channels.
GTNU slot 45
GSCU slot 67
GEIUB slot 913
GEIUT slot 1417
GEIUA slot 1827
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SubrackGTCS
When the BSC6000 uses STM-1 transmissions on the A interface, a GTCS provides a maximum
of 7,680 speech channels.
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Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Rack and Subrack
Board
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AbbreviationAbbreviation Full name
GGCU GSM General Clock Unit
GSCU GSM Switching and Control Unit
GTNU GSM TDM Switching Unit
GXPUC GSM Extended Processing Unit for Cellbroadcast service
GXPUM GSM Extended Processing Unit for Main service
GDPUC GSM Data Processing Unit for CS service
GEIUA GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A
GEIUB GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Abis
GEIUP GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb
GEIUT GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Ater
GOIUA GSM Optic Interface Unit for A
GOIUB GSM Optic Interface Unit for Abis
GOIUP GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb
GOIUT GSM Optic Interface Unit for Ater
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BoardGGCU
GGCU
PARC
RUNALMACT
ATN-IN
8
9
COM0
COM1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
CL
KOUT
TESTIN
TESTOUT
CLKLIN1
CLKLIN0
Port FunctionMatching
Connector
CLKOUT09 Synchronization signal output port, used to
output 8 kHz clock signals to the GSCU
RJ45
COM01 Standby RJ45
TESTOUT Standby SMB male connector
TESTIN Standby SMB male connector
CLKIN01 Synchronization clock signal input port, used to
input one route of external 2.048 MHz signal and
2.048 Mbit/s code stream signals
SMB male connector
The GGCU is the general clock unit in the BSC6000. The active GGCU and
the standby GGCU are configured in slots 12 and 13 in the GMPS. The GGCU
board provides synchronous timing signals for the system
The GGCU has the following functions:
Generating and keeping synchronous clock signals
Keeping the consistency of synchronization information output from the
active and standby GGCUs
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BoardGSCU
Port Function Matching
EHT08 10M/100M/1000M Ethernet ports, used to connect subracks RJ45
ETH9 Connecting to the DEBUG port, used as a service path RJ45
EHT1011 10M/100M/1000M Ethernet ports, used to connect subracks RJ45
DEBUG Connecting with the ETH9 port 10/100/1000BASE-T9, usedas a service path
RJ45
CLKINClock source port, used to receive the 8 kHz clock signals
from the panel of the GGCU
RJ45
TESTOUT Clock test signal port, used to output clock test signals SMB connector
The GSCU is the switching control unit in the BSC6000. The active GSCU and
the standby GSCU are inserted in slots 6 and 7 of the GMPS/GEPS/GTCS.The
GSCU board provides maintenance management of the subrackand GE
switching platform for the subrack.
The GSCU has the following functions:
Performing maintenance management of the subrack
Providing a GE platform for the subrack
Providing clock information for the other boards in the same subrack
except the GGCU
SCUa
PARC
RUN
ALM
ACT
COM
TESTOUT
CLKIN
ACT
LINK
1 0
/ 1 0 0
/ 1 0 0 0
B A S E
- T
RESET
ACTLINK
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11
10
ACTLINK
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BoardGTNU
Port Function
Matching
connector
TDM05 TDM high-speed serial port, used to connect the GTNUsbetween subracks
DB14
GTNU
PARC
RUN
ALM
ACT
TN
M5
TNM4
TNM0
TNM1
TNM2
TNM3
The GTNU is the TDM switching unit in the BSC6000. The active GTNU and the
standby GTNU are inserted in slots 4 and slot 5 of the GMPS/GEPS/GTCS. The
GTNU board performs the TDM switching function, which is the TDM switching
center of the system.
The GTNU has the following functions:
Providing 128 K 128 K TDM switching
Allocating TDM network resources, establishing, and releasing radio links
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BoardGXPUM
GXPU
PARC
RUN
ALM
ACT
10/100/1000BASE-T
ACTLINK
0
1
2
3
Paging control
System information management
Channel assignmentBTS common service management
Voice call control
Packet service control
HandoverPower control
Port FunctionMatching
connector
10/100/1000BASE-T03 GE/FE Ethernet port, reserved RJ45
The GXPUM is the main service processing unit in the BSC6000. The activeGXPUM and the standby GXPUM are inserted in slots 0 and 1 of the GMPS or
GEPS. One GXPUM has four built-in CPUs that perform central service
processing function.
The GXPUM has the following functions:
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BoardGXPUC
GXPU
PARC
RUN
ALM
ACT
10/100/1000BASE-T
ACTLINK
0
1
2
3
Port FunctionMatching
connector
10/100/1000BASE-T03GE/FE Ethernet port,
reserved
RJ45
The GXPUC is the cell broadcast processing unit in the BSC6000. The
active GXPUC and standby GXPUC are inserted in slots 8 and slot 9 in
the GMPS or GEPS. The GXPUC performs the message cell broadcast
function of the system.
The GXPUC has the following functions:
Providing a port for connecting the Cell Broadcast Center (CBC)
Storing cell broadcast messages
Scheduling cell broadcast messages based on the Cell Broadcast
Channel (CBCH)
B d GEIU / GOIU
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BoardGEIU / GOIU
GEIU
PARC
RUNALMACT
TESTOUT
2M0
2M1
GOIU
PARC
RUNALMACT
TESTOUT
2M0
2M1
LOS
TX
RX
E1/T1(0~7)
E1/T1(16~23)
E1/T1(24~31)
E1/T1(8~15)
Interface FunctionMatching
connector
E1/T1(0
31)
E1/T1 port, used to transmit and receive E1/T1 signals
on routes 07
DB44
2M012.048 MHz clock source output port, used to output the
extracted line clock as the system clock source
SMB male
connector
TESTOUT2.048 MHz clock output port, used to output the testing
clock of the system
SMB male
connector
The GEIU / GOIU can be categorized into the following types :
The GEIUB/GOIUB is the GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for the Abis interface.
The GEIUP/GOIUP is the GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for the Pb interface.
The GEIUT/GOIUT is the GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for the Ater interface.
The GEIUA/GOIUA is the GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for the A interface.
The GEIU/GOIU has the following functions:
Processing the SS7 MTP2 protocols
Processing the Link Access Procedure on the D channel (LAPD) protocols
Providing maintenance links when GTCS subracks are configured at the MSC
side Performing inter-board Tributary Protect Switching (TPS)
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BoardGEIU
DIPswitch
Bit Description 75 120
S1 1 Used to select the impedance on E1/T1 links 07 ON OFF
2 Used to select the impedance on E1/T1 links 815 ON OFF3 Used to select the impedance on E1/T1 links 1623 ON OFF
4 Used to select the impedance on E1/T1 links 2431 ON OFF
58 Unused ON OFF
S3 18 Used to set the protection grounding of thetransmitting end of E1/T1 links 07
ON OFF
S4 18 Used to set the protection grounding of thetransmitting end of E1/T1 links 815
ON OFF
S5 18 Used to set the protection grounding of thetransmitting end of E1/T1 links 1623
ON OFF
S6 18 Used to set the protection grounding of thetransmitting end of E1/T1 links 2431
ON OFF
The DIP switches of the GEIU board is set through the 75-ohm coaxial cable transmission mode. Reset
the DIP switches of the GEIU board if onsite engineers adopt other transmission modes.
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BoardGDPUC
The GDPUC is the circuit service processing unit in the BSC6000. TheGDPUC board can be inserted in slot 0 to slot 3, slot 8 to slot 13 of the
GTCS subrack. The board performs the voice and data service
processing functions. It works in resource pool mode.
The GDPUC has the following functions:
Encoding and decoding speech services
Performing data service rate adaptation
Performing Tandem Free Operation (TFO)
Performing voice enhancement function
Automatically detecting voice faults
DPUa
PARC
RUN
ALM
ACT
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GBAM
The GBAM is a server installed with OMU software, which is used to perform operation and
maintenance for the BSC6000. It has the following functions:
Controlling the communications between the LMT and boards, supporting data configuration
for boards through the LMT; collecting and filtering performance and alarm data
Responding to the commands from the LMT, processing the commands, and then forwarding
the commands to the boards in the BSC6000
Filtering the results from boards and then returning the results to the LMT
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BoardGBAM Module Port
Display port
RJ45 NICRJ45 NIC port RJ45 Serial port
RJ45 NIC10M/100M adaptiveEthernet port
Port for the mouse
and keyboard
DC input power socketGroundingscrew
Power button
CD-ROM
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KVM
The KVM is a device integrating a keyboard, a
display, and a mouse. It is the operatingplatform of the GBAM.
DC input power socket
Power switch
Port for display cable
Port for keyboard
cablePort for mouse cable
Fan Box
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Fan Box The PFPU board and the PFCU board are configured in the fan box.
The PFPU is inserted in the rear part of the fan box. It provides power supply for nine fans, keeps
the voltage stable through a stabilizing tube, and ensures normal operations of the fans.
The PFCU is inserted in the front part of the fan box. It has the following functions: Monitoring the running status of the fans in the fan box
Communicating with the GSCU and reporting the working status of the fan box
Detecting the temperature of the fan box, collecting temperature data with a temperature sensor
Showing the current status of fan box
and providing alarms through LED
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Power Distribution Box
The power distribution box has the following configurations:
Checking two channels of - 48 V input voltage
Detecting one route of external temperature sensor; detecting one route of external humidity
sensor; detecting two lightning protection components; detecting the status of six distributed-
power output switches
Emitting audio and visual alarms
Communicating with the GSCU and reporting the status of the power distribution box and
exchanging O&M information with the GSCU
S
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Summary
Summary This chapter describes the following contents:Structure of the BSC6000rack
SubrackStructures and functions of boards
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Chapter 1 System Description
Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Chapter 3 System Principle
Chapter 4 Typical Configuration
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Chapter 3 System Principle
Module Function
System Signal Flow
Software Loading
Alarm Channel
S t L i l St t
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System Logical Structure
The BSC6000 system consists of the following logical functional subsystems:
TDM Switching Subsystem
GE Switching Subsystem
Service Processing Subsystem
Connectionbetweensubracks
TDM switching subsystem
GE switching subsystem
Clocksubsystem
Serviceprocessingsubsystem
E1/STM-1 to BTSInterface
andsignaling
processingsubsystem
E1/STM-1 to PCU
E1/STM-1 to MSC
Servicecontrol
subsystem
Connectionbetweensubracks
Service Control Subsystem Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem
Clock Subsystem
TDM Switching Subsystem
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TDM Switching Subsystem
Logical Unit Physical entity
TDM access bearer unit GEIUB/GOIUB, GEIUP/GOIUP, GEIUT/GOIUT, GEIUA/GOIUA
TDM switching unit GTNU
TDM processing bearer unit GDPUC
The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) switching subsystem provides circuit switched domain
(CS) switching for the system. The TDM switching subsystem has the following functions:
Providing TDM bearers for the A, Abis, Ater, and Pb interfaces
Performing TDM switching and providing circuit switched domain (CS) switching for the
system
Providing TDM bearers for the system service processing
TDM Access Bearer Unit
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TDM Access Bearer Unit
The TDM access bearer unit provides TDM bearers for the services on the A, Abis, Ater, and Pb
interface. The hardware of it consists of GEIUB, GEIUP, GEIUT, and GEIUA. Each board has thesame hardware structure that contains backplane and subboard. Through loading software, the
functions of A, Abis, Ater, and Pb interface can be enabled.
Trunk Cable
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Trunk Cable
The trunk cable is categorized into the following types:
75 coaxial cable
75 Y-shapedcoaxial cable
120 twisted pair cable
120Y-shaped twisted pair cable
Port: DB44 connector
Trunk Cable
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Trunk Cable
Connecting the 75 Y-shaped coaxial cable
TDM Switching Unit
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g
The GTNU board operates in active and standby modes.
When other boards perform active-standby switchover, the GTNU board detects the speech
channels on the LVDS links.
When the GTNUs perform active-standby switchover, other boards detect the speech
channels on the LVDS links.
Intra-Subrack TDM Switching: Other boards in the subrack connect the active/standby boards
through the Low Voltage Differential Signal (LVDS) high-speed serial ports
GTNU (active) GTNU (standby)
Slot 0 Slot 2 Slot 27
Connection between a board and the active GTNU througha backplane TDM pathConnection between a board and the standby GTNUthrough a backplane TDM path
TDM Switching Unit
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TDM Switching Unit
Porton
the
panel
Porton
th
ebackplane
6 24
LVDS LVDS
Inter-Subrack TDM Switching: The TDM switching units interconnect with each other through
GTNU crossover cables.
GTNU0
GTNU0 GTNU1
GTNU1
GTNU0 GTNU1
Interconnection
LVDS serial(bearing on
the HWcable
TDM switching module128K x 128K
The GTNU to each slot: 4K;24x4k=96kSix ports provided by the GTNU: 6x4k=24k8k redundancy: 128k-96k-24k=8k
GTNU
Inter-Subrack Interconnections of GTNU
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Crossover Cables The right figure shows the
interconnections of GTNU crossover
cables when four service subracks are
configured.
1
0
GTNU GTNU
GTNU GTNU
2
GTNU GTNU
3
GTNU GTNU
GTNU Crossover Ethernet Cable
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Pin12
W1 W3
W2 W4
1
B
B
X4
X3X1
X2
A
A
Pin14
Pin1 Pin14
3
TDM Processing Bearer Unit
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TDM Processing Bearer Unit
The TDM processing bearer unit performs TDM bearers for the GDPUC services.
The TDM switching module on the GDPUC provides 16 K 16 K timeslot switching. It can switch
timeslots between the backplane and the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) module.
GE Switching Subsystem
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GE Switching Subsystem
The Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem performs GE switching of signaling and O&M
interface.
The hardware of the subsystem consists of the following entities:
Backplane
GSCU board
GE interface units of the boards in the subsystem
The GSCU performs operation and maintenance of its subrack and provides GE switching for the
other boards in the same subrack.
GE Switching Unit
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GE Switching Unit
Intra-subrack active/standby GSCU boards: HiG interconnection; 30G bandwidth
Intra-subrack GE switching: The GSCU board provides 48G GE switching capability. The slot 14,
slot 15, slot 26, and slot 27 are distributed 1G respectively. The slot 6 and slot 7 are not distributed.
Other slots are distributed 2G respectively.
GSCUActive
Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 26
Connection between a board and the active GSCU through abackplane GE path
Connection between a board and the standby GSCUthrough a backplane GE path
GSCU
Standby
HiG interconnection
GE Switching Unit
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main
subrack
Extension
subrack
Extension
subrack
Four inter-subrack 1Gnetworkcables
GSCU0
GSCU0 GSCU1
GSCU1
GSCU0GSCU1
HiG interconnection30G bandwidth
Inter-subrack GE switching: start interconnection through crossover networks
Porton
the
panel
Porton
the
backplane
12
12 48
48
GE GE
GSCU1
GSCU0
GE switchingmodule
Inter-subrack60G
HiG interconnection 30Gbandwidth
GSCUs to slots: 48GThe GSCU provides 12 ports for inter-subrackinterconnection: 12 x 1GTotal: 48G+12x1G=60G
GE Switching Unit
GE Switching Interconnection Scheme
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LMT
M2000/NM centerLanSwitch
GBAM
GSCU (main subrack)
GE 0
GE 1
GE 2
GE 3
GE 4
GE 5
GE 6
GE 9
GE 7
GE 8
GE 10
GE 11
FE
GE TRUNK1
GE TRUNK3
GE TRUNK4
GE TRUNK6
GE TRUNK5
CPU FE
GE 0
GE 1
GE 0
GE 1
GE 0
GE 1
GSCU (extensionsubrack)
1
2
3
GE TRUNK2
GE Switching Interconnection Scheme
To ease the cabling
To realize inter-subrack interconnection
through the GE0/GE1 ports
To realize interconnection between the GSCU
and GBAM through the GE10/GE11 ports
CBC
Structure of Inter-Subrack Interconnection
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A interface
Pb interface Abis interface
Ater interface
The subracks in the BSC6000V100R001 compose an interconnection switchingnetwork through cascades.
GTCS
Main GTCS
GTCS
GTCSTC
GEPS
GMPS
GEPS
GEPSBM
GSCU star interconnection
GTNU full interconnection
Service Processing Subsystem
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g y
The hardware entity of the service processing subsystem is the GDPUC board. It performs the
following functions:
Transcoding
Rate adaptation
Service Control Subsystem
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y
The service control subsystem has the following functions:
Paging control, system information management, channel assignment, voice call control, PS
service control, handover, and power control
The hardware entities:
The GXPUM board
The GXPUC board
The GBAM server
The GSCU board in the GTCS subrack
The GXPUM board performs the main service processing of the BSC6000, which includes four
CPU processing units.
The four CPU processing units have the following functions:
CPU0: paging control, system information management, channel assignment, and BTS
common service management
CPU13: voice call control, PS service control, handover, and power control
The GXPUC board performs the cell broadcast function; the GBAM server performs BTS O&M
management; the GSCU board in the GTCS subrack performs the TC resource pool management
Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem
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The interface and signaling subsystem provides interfaces of BSC, BTS, and NSS, which performs
signaling processing function of data link layer.
Providing A/Abis/Pb/Ater interfaces
Supporting cell broadcast message service processing
Supporting the MTP2 protocol of SS7
Supporting the LAPD protocol
BTSGMPS/GEPS
GTCS MSC
PCU CBC
BSC
Abis
Pb Cb
AterA
Clock Subsystem
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The hardware entity of the clock subsystem is the GSM General ClocK Unit (GGCU).
The clock sources of the BSC6000 are as follows:
Building Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS)
There are two types of BITS clock: 2 MHz clock and 2 Mbit/s clock. The 2 Mbit/s clock source
has higher anti-interference capabilities than the 2 MHz clock source.
Line clock
The line clock extracted from the A interface is processed and generates 2 MHz clock and 8
kHz clock. The 2 MHz clock signals output from the A interface panel and then are sent to the
GGCU board in the GMPS subrack.
Note:
Local free-run clock
Clock Subsystem
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GGCU Reference Clock Input
To input the active-standby clock of the GGCU, you can use the signals provided by the BITS
and the 2.048MHz clock signal extracted from the upper-level clock by the interface panel inthe service subrack.
The GGCU backplane uses the interface panel of the same subrack to extract the 8 KHz clock
signals from the upper-level clocks.
Reference Clock for the GMPS or GEPS
The reference clocks are provided by the GGCU. The reference clocks generate 8kHz clock
signals through the GGCU.
GMPS: The clock signals are sent to the GSCU in the GMPS subrack through the backplane.
Then, the clock signals are sent to other boards in the same subrack.
GEPS: The clock signals are sent to the GSCU board in the GEPS subrack through the clock
cable. Then, the signals are sent to other boards through the backplane.
Reference Clock for the GTCS Each GTCS extracts line clock from the A interface. The link clock is processed through A
interface panel and then generates 8 KHz clock signals.
The clock signals are sent to the GSCU in the subrack through the backplane. Then the clock
signals are sent to other boards in the same subrack.
System Clock Scheme
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GSCU GSCU GSCU
Active/standby GGCUIn the subrack 0
Service
board
Service
board
Service
board
Service
board
Service
board
Service
board
GMPSGEPS
Time synchronization
primary reference
Transmission synchronization
reference source
Backplanetransmission
Distribution cabletransmission
Backplane
transmission
Backplane
transmission
Backplane
transmission
GEPS
y
Clock synchronization Interconnection
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The connection of the GGCU of the main subrack and the GSCU of the extension subrack is shown as
following figure:
The active GGCU and the standby GGCU output 10-way signal channel respectively. A signal
channel of an active GGCU and that of a standby GGCU are integrated through the Y-shaped cable.
Any of component including GGCU, Y-shaped cable, and GSCU is faulty, the system clock still can
work normally.
The Y-shaped cable can ensure the switchover of the GGCU, which does not affect the GSCU to
receive clock.
GMPS
GGCUGGCU
GEPS
GSCU GSCU
GEPS
GSCU GSCU
Y-shapedcable
Clock Cable
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11
2
1
8
1
8
1
8
W2
W3
X2
X3
W1
X1
Configuration for the Clock in the GGCU
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Configuration for the clock in the GGCU:
If there is no BITS, extract the synchronization reference clock from the interface board ofmain subrack, so that the synchronization reference clock can be sent to the GGCU
through the backplane. Other distribution cables are not required. In this case, the GGCU
chooses the clock reference of backplane.
If BITS is available, the GGCU should be equipped with distribution cables. If other
synchronization reference clocks are required, the GGCU chooses line clock and BITS
clock as the clock reference. It uses the BITS first.
Clock Subsystem Control
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To realize O&M for the GGCU, transmitthe operation and maintenance information of O&M
terminal (LMT) to the GBAM server, and then send it to the GSCU board of the GMPS.
GBAMGSCU
GGCU
LMT
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Chapter 3 System Principle
Module Function
System Signal Stream
Software Loading
Alarm Path
Signal Flow of Basic Voice Service
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Voice service:
The voice signal is sent to the GEIUB of service subrack through the Abis interface (16/8Kbit/s
sub-timeslot).
The GEIUB demultiplexes the voice signal into 64 kbit/s timeslots and sends them to the GEIUT
through the GTNU in the same subrack. The GEIUT multiplexes the 64 kbit/s timeslots into 16
kbit/s timeslots and sends them to the GTCS through the Ater interface.
The GEIUT in the GTCS demultiplexes the received 16 kbit/s timeslots into 64 kbit/s timeslots and
sends them to the GDPUC through the GTNU in the GTCS. The GDPUC performs voice
transcoding and rate adaptation on the timeslots and then sends them back to the GTNU. TheGTNU switches the timeslots to the GEIUA, which sends the timeslots to the MSC through the A
interface.
G
T
N
U
G
E
I
U
T
G
T
N
U
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
A
MSC
E1/T1 cable
TDM switching
on the backplane
GTCSGMPS/GEPS A interface
Front board
Rear board
G
D
P
U
C
G
E
I
U
B
BTS
Abisinterface
PS Service Signal Flow
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PS service:
The PS data signal is sent to the GEIUB board in the GMPS/GEPS through the Abis
interface. The call uses one to four 16 kbit/s timeslots on the Abis interface according to
CS14 or MCS19.
The GEIUB demultiplexes the timeslots into 64 kbit/s timeslots and sends them to the GTNU,
which switches the 64 kbit/s timeslots to the GEIUP.
The GEIUP multiplexes the timeslots into 16 kbit/s timeslots and sends them to the PCU
through the Pb interface. Then, the timeslots are sent to SGSN through the Gb interface.
G
T
N
U
G
E
I
U
P
SGSN
E1/T1 cable
Backplane TDM switching
GMPS/GEPS Pb
interface
Gbinterface
Front board
Rear board
G
E
I
U
B
BTS
Abisinterface
PCU
Service Signal Flow
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TC subrack
GDPUC
GTNUGEIUT GEIUA
BM subrack
GEIUTGEIUB GTNUAbis interface
Pb interface
A interface
Voice service, non-crossover subrack switch
Voice service, crossover subrack switch
PS service, non-crossover subrack switch
Ater interface
BM subrack
GTNU
Abis interface
GEIUB GEIUT
GEIUP
16K
16K
16K 64K
64K
64K
64K
64K
64K
64K
64K
16K
16K
64K 64K 64K
64K
16K
64K
PS service, crossover subrack switch
TC subrack
GDPUC(TC)
GTNUGEIUT GEIUA64K 64K 64K
A interface
SS7 on the A Interface
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G
XP
U
M
G
SC
U
G
EI
U
T
G
TN
U
G
EI
U
T
G
EI
U
A
MSC
The signals are processed through the MTP2, andthen sent to the GXPUM in the mode of internal
signaling flow
GTCSGMPS/GEPS Ater
interfaceAinterface
E1/T1 cable
GE switching on the backplane
TDM switching on the backplaneFront board
Rear board
Signaling Signal Flow on the Abis Interface
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G
X
P
U
M
G
SC
U
G
E
I
U
B
BTS
E1/T1 cable
GE switching on the backplane
TDM switching on the backplane
The signals are processed through the LAPD,
and then sent to the GXPUM in the mode of
internal signaling flow
GMPS/GEPS Abisinterface
Front board
Rear board
Signaling Signal Flow on the Ater Interface
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G
X
PU
M
G
SC
U
G
E
IU
T
G
S
C
U
G
E
IU
T
The signals are processed through theMTP2, and then sent to the GXPUM in themode of the internal signaling flow
GTCSGMPS/GEPS Aterinterface
The signals are processed through the
MTP2, and then sent to the GSCU in themode of internal signaling flow
E1/T1 cable
GE switching on the backplane
TDM switching on the backplaneFront board
Rear board
Signaling Signal Flow on the Pb Interface
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G
X
PU
M
G
S
CU
G
E
IU
P
PCU
The signals are processed through the LAPD,
and then sent to the GXPUM in the mode of
internal signaling flow
GMPS/GEPS Pb interface
E1/T1 cable
GE switching on the backplane
TDM switching on the backplaneFront board
Rear board
System Signal Flow
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Voice service
BTSGEIUBGTNUGEIUTGEIUT GTNUGDPUCGTNUGEIUAMSC
PS service:BTSGEIUBGTNU GEIUPPCU
SS7 on the A Interface
MSCGEIUAGTNUGEIUTGEIUTGSCUGXPUM
Signal signaling flow on the Abis interface
BTSGEIUBGSCUGXPUM
Signal signaling flow on the Pb interface
PCUGEIUPGSCUGXPUMGSCUGEIUB
SS7 on the Ater interface
GSCUGEIUTGEIUTGSCUGXPUM
Board in The GMPS/GEPS
Board in the GTCS
O&M FlowHDLC link
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Service
boardGS
C
U
G
E
I
U
T
Main GTCSRemote
G
S
C
U
G
E
I
U
T
E1/T1 cable
GE switching onthe backplane
Network cable
GMPS
Ater
interface
G
S
CU
L
M
T
G
B
A
M
Service
board
Service
board
GEPS Main GTCSLocal
G
S
CU
Service
board
O&M Flow
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O&M path of the GMPS
LMTGBAMGSCUboards of the GMPSO&M path of the GEPS
LMTGBAMGSCUinter-subrack interconnection cableGSCUboards of the GEPSO&M path of the GTCS
LMTGBAMGSCUGXPUMGSCUGEIUTHDLCGEIUTGSCUboards of theGTCS
O&M path of the BTS
LMT
GBAM
GSCU
GXPUM
GSCU
GEIUB
BTS
Board in The GMPS/GEPS
Board in the GTCS
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Chapter 3 System Principle
Module Function
System Signal Flow
Software Loading
Alarm Path
Software Loading
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The loading process is the process that a board obtains program files and data files after the service
subrack or the board starts or restarts.
The process of loading has the following two phases:
BOOTP phase: A board obtains its IP address, software loading control mode, and program
software by sending a Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) request.
LOAD phase: A board obtains its data files and other files.
The BSC6000 software loading control system has two layers:
The GBAM is the first-level center of the entire BSC software loading management. The
loading and power-on of the GBAM are independent of other boards. The GBAM processes the
loading control requests of the GSCU in the GMPS.
The GSCU in the GMPS is the second-level center of the loading control system. The GSCU
processes the loading control requests of the service boards in the GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS.
Software Loading Path (Remote GTCS)
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GEPS GTCS
GTCSGMPS
E
I
U
T
GBAM
GSCU
EIUT
G
S
C
U
G
SCU
GSCU
GMPS
Main Remote GTCS
extension GTCS
GEPS
GE on the backplane
HDLC
Inter-subrack Cable
Service
board
Service
boardServiceboard
Servi
ceboard
Software Loading Path (GTCS at Local)
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GBAM
GSCU
GMPS
Main GTCS
extension GTCS
GEPS
GE on the backplane
Inter-subrack Cable
GMPS
Service
board
GEPS GTCS
GS
CU
GS
CU
Service
board
Service
board
GTCS
G
S
C
U
Service
board
Loading Software to the GSCU Board
Th f th ft l di f th GSCU i f ll
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The process of the software loading for the GSCU is as follows:
1. After the GSCU starts up, it broadcasts the BOOTP request.
If the GBAM is online, it processes and responds to the request.
If the GBAM is not started or is offline, the GSCU starts up and loads data from its own
flash memory, acts as a second-level loading control center, and then processes the
BOOTP requests of the other boards.
2. After receiving the response from the GBAM, the GSCU determines whether to obtain the
latest application files from the GBAM based on the loading control characters and thesoftware version in the flash memory.
3. If the GSCU needs to obtain the program files from the GBAM, it obtains the program
software from the software area in the GBAM and writes it into the flash. It then loads the
software from the flash.
4. After the program files are loaded, the GSCU starts to load the data files. The loading
process of the data files is the same as that of the program files.
Loading Software to the Other Boards
After the software of the GSCU is loaded the loading of the software for the other boards in the
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After the software of the GSCU is loaded, the loading of the software for the other boards in the
subrack starts.
1. After a board is started, it broadcasts the BOOTP request. The request contains the physicaladdress of this board and the software version information stored in the flash.
2. After the GSCU receives the BOOTP request, it transparently transmits this request to the
GSCU in the GMPS if the subrack is not the GMPS.
3. The GSCU in the GMPS calculates the IP address of the board based on the physical
address of the board, and then obtains the loading control character from the configuration
data of the board.
If the loading control character is Load from Flash, then the GSCU in the GMPS responds to the
BOOTP request. The response carries the IP address and the loading control character, notifying
the board to obtain the program files from the flash and load them.
If the loading control character is Auto, then the GSCU in the GMPS determines whether the
software version in the flash of this board is consistent with that in the software area of the GBAM,
and then responds to the BOOTP request. The response carries the IP address and the loading
control character.
If the loading control character is Load from Server, then the GSCU directly downloads the
application files from the version section on the GBAM.
Loading Software to the Other Boards
4 After the program files run the board sends a LOAD request to the GSCU in the GMPS to
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4. After the program files run, the board sends a LOAD request to the GSCU in the GMPS to
query the files except the program files.
5. The GSCU in the GMPS returns a file list to the board. Based on the file list, the board
responds to the GSCU with the file version information in the flash.
6. The GSCU compares the version information and responds to the board with the information
(carrying the GBAM address) about the files to be updated.
7. The board downloads the files from the software area in the GBAM and loads them.
Loading Software to the Boards in a Remote GTCS
The GSCU in the main GTCS on the MSC side is a second-level loading control center. The
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The GSCU in the main GTCS on the MSC side is a second level loading control center. The
loading of the remote GTCSs can be independent on the Ater O&M link to some extent.
When the Ater O&M link is broken, the GSCU in the main GTCS processes the loadingrequests from the boards in the subrack.
When the Ater O&M link is normal, the GSCU in the GMPS processes all the loading requests
from the remote GTCSs and the GSCU in the GTCS stops working as a loading control center.
The software loading for a remote GTCS consists of:
Loading Software to the GSCU (see the next page)
Loading Software to the other boards
The process of loading software to the remote service boards is similar to that of loading
software to the local service boards. The differences are as follows:
The files downloaded from the GBAM are first saved in the remote loading control center
before being downloaded to the other boards.
The remote service boards download files through Ater O&M links, which work in
active/standby mode. The bandwidth of each Ater O&M link is 164 kbit/s to 3064kbit/s.
Loading the GSCU Software in the Remote GTCS After the local GEIUT board starts up, it sets up a HDLC link to the remote GEIUT.The process of
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te t e oca G U boa d sta ts up, t sets up a C to t e e ote G U e p ocess o
loading the GSCU software in a GTCS is as follows:
1. After the local GEIUT starts up, it sets up a Ater O&M link to the remote GEIUT.2. The remote GEIUT sends a BOOTP request to the GSCU in the same subrack.The GSCU
cannot process the request before its startup.
3. The remote GEIUT sends a BOOTP request on the Ater O&M link.
4. The local GEIUT receives the BOOTP request on the Ater O&M link and broadcasts the
request on the GE ports over the local subrack.
5. The GSCU in the GMPS receives the BOOTP request, responds with a message, processes
the request, and then loads the software to the remote GEIUT on the Ater O&M link.
6. The remote GSCU after power-on sends a BOOTP request to the GSCU in the GMPS
through the HDLC link.
7. The transmission of the BOOTP request varies:
If the Ater O&M link is normal, the BOOTP request is sent to the GSCU in the GMPS.
On receiving the request, the GSCU loads the software to the remote GSCU.
If the Ater O&M link is broken, the BOOTP request cannot be sent to the GSCU in theGMPS. The GSCU in the main GTCS at the remote end starts up from its flash memory
and acts as a remote loading control center. When the Ater O&M link goes back to the
normal state, the remote loading control center stops processing the BOOTP requests
from the other boards in the remote GTCS.
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Chapter 3 System Principle
Module Function
System Signal Flow
Software Loading
Alarm Path
Connection of Alarm Box
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Connection scheme: The alarm box accesses LMT client through serial ports
When an alarm is reported, the LMT uses the convert program to drive the alarm box togenerate visual and audio indications.
The user performs alarm box management, such as terminating alarm sounds and disabling
alarm indicators.
Alarmmanagement
module
GBAM Alarm box
Convert
LMT
Report of Alarm from Local Subrack
The report process of alarm from local subrack:
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p p
The service board generates alarm.
The alarm is shielded and filtered on the service board, and then is reported to the GBAM
through GE switching.
The GBAM reports the alarm to LMT/EMS and records alarm log.
The alarm box is driven through the Convert module of LMT, and then outputs the alarm.
GMPS
GSCUGBAM
LMTConvert
Alarm box
GEPS
GSCU
Serviceboard
Serviceboard
Report of Alarm from Remote Subrack
The report process of alarm from remote subrack is shown as follows:
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The service board of remote subrack generates alarm.
The alarm is shielded and filtered on the service board.
The alarm is transferred to the local GEIUT through the GE switching, and then sent to the
GEIUT of main subrack through the SS7 of the Ater interface.
The local GEIUT reports the alarm to the GBAM through GE switching.
The GBAM reports the alarm to LMT/EMS and records alarm log.
The alarm box is driven through the Convert module of LMT, and then outputs the alarm.
GMPS
GEIUT GSCU
GBAMLMT
Convert
Alarm box
GTCS
GEIUT
Service
board
Report of Alarm from BTS
Report process of alarm from BTS
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The BTS generates alarm that is shielded and filtered in the BTS.
The alarm is sent to the local EIUB through the OML. After processed through the LAPD
protocol on the EIUB, the alarm is sent to the GBAM through GE switching.
The GBAM reports the alarm to LMT/EMS and records alarm log.
The alarm box is driven through the Convert module of LMT, and then outputs the alarm.
GMPS
GEIUB GSCUGBAM
LMTConvert
Alarm box
GEPS
GEIUB GSCU
BTS
BTS
Summary
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This chapter describes operating process of the BSC6000, including
module function, software loading, system signal flow, and alarm path.
Summary
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Chapter 1 System Description
Chapter 2 Hardware Structure
Chapter 3 System Principle
Chapter 4 Typical Configuration
Configuration Principles
The GEIU/GOIU provide E1 port or STM-1 port. To ensure the orderliness of rack, insert the GEIU
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/GOIU boards at the rear of slots.
The Abis interface supports four mulitiplexing modes, including 4: 1, 3: 1, 2: 1, and 1: 1. Each GEIUB board at most supports 256 Lapd links
The proportion between the number of the Ater interface boards and that of A interface boards is 1: 4,
so that the multiplexing capability of the Ater interface can be supported.
Each GDPUC board can processes 968-way voice. The GDPUC board uses N+1 redundancy
configuration. All the TC resources are shared through the resource pool.
Configuration Principles
Except the GTNU and the GSCU, other boards can be inserted at random.
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But, in the configuration operation provided by the LMT, each board should be inserted in the
specified slots:
Two GSCUs should be inserted in the slot 6 and slot 7 of the GMPS/GEPS/GTCS. They
work in active/standby mode.
Two GTNUs should be inserted in the slot 4 and slot 5 of the GMPS/GEPS/GTCS. They
work in active/standby mode.
Two GGCUs should be inserted in the slot 12 and slot 13 of the GMPS. They work in
active/standby mode.
The GXPUMs can be inserted in slot 0 and slo1 of the GMPS/GEPS according to
requirements.
The GXPUCs can be inserted in slot 8 and slot 9 of the GMPS/GEPS according to
requirements.
The GDPUCs can be inserted in slot 0 to slot 3 and slot 8 to slot 13 of the GTCS according
to requirements.
Configuration Principles
Two GEIU boards must be configured into active board and standby board.
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The GEIUBs/GOIUBs can be inserted in slot 18 to slot 27 of the GMPS/GEPS according to
requirements.
The GEIUPs/GOIUPs can be inserted in slot 14 and slot 15 of the GMPS/GEPS according to
requirements.
The GEIUTs/GOIUTs can be inserted in slot 16 and slot 17 of the GMPS/GEPS and slot 14 to
slot 17 of the GTCS according to requirements.
The GEIUAs/GOIUAs can be inserted in slot 18 to slot 27 of the GTCS according to
requirements.
Typical Configuration
Capacity of this configuration:
SC f
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The BSCsupports 256TRX full
rate/128TRX half rate;
The EIUB is configured according
to the number of BTS and the
number of carrier.
Based on the service capacity,
the GDPUC is configured through
N+1 redundancy.
The EUIP is configured optionally
according to actual services.
The GXPUC is configured
optionally according to the actual
services.
Typical Configuration
Capacity of this configuration:
Th BSC t 512TRX f ll
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The BSC supports512TRX full
rate/256TRX half rate ;
The EIUB is configured according
to the number of BTS and the
number of carrier.
Based on the service capacity,
the GDPUC is configured through
the N+1 redundancy.
The EUIP is configured optionally
according to actual services.
The GXPUC is configured
optionally according to actual
services.
Typical Configuration
The capacity of this
configuration The BSC
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configuration: The BSC
supports 1024TRX fullrate/512TRX half rate.
The EIUB is configured according
to the number of BTS and the
number of carrier.
Based on service capacity, the
GDPUC is configured through
N+1 redundancy
The EIUP is configured optionally
according to actual services.
The GXPUC is configured
optionally according to actual
services.
Typical Configuration Capacity of full configuration: When a BSC6000 is fully configured, it supports 2048TRX full
rate/1024TRX half rate.
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Summary
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This chapter describes the configuration principles of the BSC6000
and lists some typical configurations in the actual deployment.
Summary
Dec 31 2006 Internal Use (Only)
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HUAWEI Confidential
GSM BSSTraining Team
Thank You
www.huawei.com
Switch of Voice Signal
The basic voice signal flow should be switched nine times. If every call connection performs nine-switch,
it costs long time and affects connection speed.
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The nine-switch is categorized into three types: Switch on the GDPUC
The switch is set up when the board is initialized, which need not to be modified.
Switch on the GEIUx
The switch is set up according to data configuration after the board is initialized. That is to say, the
switch should be set up after the board receives data configuration. The switch can be modified if
the data configured is changed. Switch on the GTNU
The switch is set up in every call connection course.
G
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UB
G
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UT
GTNU
G
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UT
G
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UA
GTNU
G
DP
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DSP
Pick-Up of Voice Signal
During accessing MS, when a MSC receives an assignment request, the BSC distributes a TCH
channel to the carrier that bears the MS and detects the CIC of this call distributed by the MSC
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channel to the carrier that bears the MS and detects the CIC of this call distributed by the MSC.
Set up a path of the TC subrack. Distribute an idle DSP in the TC subrack where the CIC is. In
addition, distribute an idle Ater interface timeslot (16K). Then build the switch between the CIC
and the DSP and the switch between the DSP and the Ater.
The connections of E1 cables between the BM subrack and the TC subrack through the Ater
interface are determined by the data configuration. When Ater interface timeslot is distributed
in the TC subrack, the Ater interface timeslot in the corresponding BM subrack is confirmed.
Then, set up the switch between the Ater and the Abis, which may cross the BM subrack.
Signal Flow of Cross-Subrack Call
Cross-subrack call: The switchof voice signal between two BM subracks is called cross-subrack
call.
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G
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Description of user plane cross-subrack call: For a call, the subrack that bears the Abisinterface is determined by the carrier that accesses users; the subrack that bears the A interface
and the subrack that bears corresponding Ater interface are distributed by the MSC. Thus, the
switch cannot be performed in a same subrack.
VoiceSignal Flow
Signaling Signal Flow
Signal Flow of Cross-Subrack Call
Description of control plane cross-subrack call: When access subrack bears a heavy load, othersubracks can share signaling.
The user plane cross-subrack and control plane cross-subrack are independent.
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G
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VoiceSignal Flow
Signaling Signal Flow
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