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BIOLOGYCONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Fourth Edition
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence G. Mitchell Martha R. Taylor
From PowerPointLectures forBiology: Concepts & Connections
CHAPTER 4A Tour of the Cell
odules !." # !.$
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Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
rtists !re oftenins"ired #$ #io%o$ !nd#io%o$ de"ends on !rt
The "!intins of'!ssi%$ (!ndins)$*+,--.+/001 show the
inf%uence of ce%%u%!rforms
The Art of Looking at Cells
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I%%ustr!tion is !nim"ort!nt w!$ to
re"resent wh!t scientistssee throuh microsco"es
The !n!tomist S!nti!o2!m3n $ C!4!% *+,56.+/701 w!s tr!ined !s !n!rtist
8 9e drew these retin!ner:e ce%%s
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The microsco"e w!s in:ented in the +;thcentur$
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The %iht microsco"e en!#%es us to see theo:er!%% sh!"e !nd structure of ! ce%%
4.1 Microscoes ro!i"e #i$"o#s to the #orl" ofthe cell
%igure !."&
Image seen by viewer
Eyepiece
Ocular
lens
Objective lensSpecimen
Condenser lens
Light source
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E%ectron microsco"es were in:ented in the
+/5>s
The$ use ! #e!m of e%ectrons inste!d of %iht
The re!ter reso%:in "ower of e%ectronmicrosco"es
8 !%%ows re!ter m!nific!tion
8 re:e!%s ce%%u%!r det!i%s
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Sc!nnine%ectron
microsco"e*SE?1
%igure !."B
Sc!nnin
e%ectronmicror!"h ofci%i!
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Tr!nsmissione%ectron
microsco"e*TE?1
%igure !."C
Tr!nsmission
e%ectronmicror!"h ofci%i!
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9/19Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Be%ow is ! %ist of the most common units of
%enth #io%oists use *metric1
4.% Cell si&es !'r( #ith their fu$ctio$
'able !.2
5/19/2018 041 Tour of the Cell
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Ce%% si@e !ndsh!"e re%!te
to function
%igure !.2
5/19/2018 041 Tour of the Cell
11/19Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
t minimum= ! ce%% must #e %!re enouh tohouse the "!rts it needs to sur:i:e !ndre"roduce
The m!Aimum si@e of ! ce%% is %imited #$ the!mount of surf!ce needed to o#t!in nutrientsfrom the en:ironment !nd dis"ose of w!stes
4.) N'tur'l l'#s li*it cell si&e
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sm!%% ce%% h!s ! re!ter r!tio of surf!ce !re!to :o%ume th!n ! %!re ce%% of the s!me sh!"e
30 m 0 m
Sur!ace area
o! one large cube
" #$%00 m&
'otal sur!ace area
o! &( small cubes
" )$&00 m&%igure !.3
5/19/2018 041 Tour of the Cell
13/19Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
There !re two )inds of ce%%s "ro)!r$otic !ndeu)!r$otic
Pro)!r$otic ce%%s !re sm!%%= re%!ti:e%$ sim"%e
ce%%s8 The$ do not h!:e ! nuc%eus
4.4 Pro+'r(otic cells 're s*'ll '$" structur'll(si*le
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"ro)!r$otic ce%% is enc%osed #$ ! "%!sm!mem#r!ne !nd is usu!%%$ enc!sed in ! riid
ce%% w!%%
8 The ce%% w!%%m!$ #e
co:ered #$ !stic)$ c!"su%e
*ibosomes
%igure !.!
Capsule
Cell wall
+lasma
membrane
+ro,aryotic
!lagella
-ucleoid region
./-1+ili
8 Inside the ce%%
!re its N!nd other "!rts
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%% other %ife forms !re m!de u" of one or moreeu)!r$otic ce%%s
These !re %!rer !nd more com"%eA th!n
"ro)!r$otic ce%%s
Eu)!r$otes !re distinuished #$ the "resence of! true nuc%eus
4., Eu+'r(otic cells 're 'rtitio$e" i$to fu$ctio$'lco*'rt*e$ts
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n !nim!% ce%%
+lasma membrane
%igure !.$&
2olgiapparatus
*ibosomes
-ucleusSmooth
endoplasmic
reticulum*oughendoplasmic
reticulum
itochondrion
-ot in most
plant cells
Cytos,eleton
4lagellum
Lysosome
Centriole
+ero5isome
icrotubule
Intermediate
!ilament
icro!ilament
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The "%!sm! mem#r!ne contro%s the ce%%Ds
cont!ct with the en:ironment
The c$to"%!sm cont!ins or!ne%%es
?!n$ or!ne%%es h!:e mem#r!nes !s#ound!ries
8 These com"!rtment!%i@e the interior of the ce%%
8 This !%%ows the ce%% to c!rr$ out ! :!riet$ of!cti:ities simu%t!neous%$
5/19/2018 041 Tour of the Cell
18/19Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
"%!nt ce%% h!s some structures th!t !n !nim!%
ce%% %!c)s
8 Ch%oro"%!sts
8 riid ce%% w!%%
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%igure !.$B
-ucleus
2olgi
apparatus
-ot in
animal
cells
Centralvacuole
Chloroplast
Cell wall
itochondrion
+ero5isome
+lasma membrane
*ough
endoplasmic
reticulum
*ibosomes
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Cytos,eleton
icrotubule
Intermediate
!ilament
icro!ilament
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