©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
Building Communities Resilient toBuilding Communities Resilient toCrime, Disasters and Violent ExtremismCrime, Disasters and Violent Extremism
Lemyre*, L., Buré, P., Markon, M-P., Gibson, S., Lemyre*, L., Buré, P., Markon, M-P., Gibson, S., Carroll, A., Boutette, P.Carroll, A., Boutette, P.
Louise Lemyre, Ph.D., FRSCSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences
Director of ‘Groupe d’Analyse Psychosociale de la santé’, GAP-Santé McLaughlin Research Chair on Psychosocial Aspects of Risk and Health
Centre on Governance and Institute of Population HealthUniversity of Ottawa
[email protected]@uOttawa.caFebruary 25, 2008February 25, 2008
22©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
PART I: Posing the Problem of Occurrence and ConsequencePART I: Posing the Problem of Occurrence and Consequence Crime, Disaster and ExtremismCrime, Disaster and Extremism A Comprehensive Risk ApproachA Comprehensive Risk Approach
Occurrences and ConsequencesOccurrences and Consequences Damage and Ripple EffectsDamage and Ripple Effects Probability and VulnerabilityProbability and Vulnerability
Mitigation and PreventionMitigation and PreventionPsychosocial Risk Assessment and Management Psychosocial Risk Assessment and Management
FrameworkFramework PART II: Posing Resilience as part of the SolutionPART II: Posing Resilience as part of the Solution
What is resilienceWhat is resilience Resilient CommunitiesResilient Communities How do we build ResilienceHow do we build Resilience Ethnicity, Diversity and Community ResilienceEthnicity, Diversity and Community Resilience
PART III: Moving Towards Building Community ResiliencePART III: Moving Towards Building Community ResilienceThe P-RAM as A ToolThe P-RAM as A Tool
The Canadian ExperienceThe Canadian Experience Current initiativesCurrent initiatives Gaps and ChallengesGaps and Challenges Next Steps and a Plan ForwardNext Steps and a Plan Forward
33©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
Crime, Disasters, Violent ExtremismCrime, Disasters, Violent Extremism
CharacteristicsCharacteristics FamiliarityFamiliarity MaliciousnessMaliciousness PredictabilityPredictability RecurrenceRecurrence Warning periodWarning period PreventablePreventable MagnitudeMagnitude DurationDuration EffectsEffects ResponseResponse
Terrorism
44©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
The Psychosocial-RAM FrameworkThe Psychosocial-RAM Framework
Risk factorsRisk factors
Protectivefactors
Protectivefactors
PopulationSituation
Intervention
EffectTime
Hazard Occurence Psycho-Social Consequence
55©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
Tier model – impact areas in societyTier model – impact areas in society
First Tier: Health
Second Tier: Societal services
People
Livestock
Crops
Police, health care, fire brigade,
reserves
Infrastructure
Government
Police & law
Health
Food & agro
Industrial production
Water & energy
Leisure
Other
Socialnetworks
Third Tier: Economic & Political well being
Economic health
Rule stability
Political willendurance
Shockresistance
Societal trust
EU-ASSRBCVUL, 2006
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Management options: Mitigation and Prevention Management options: Mitigation and Prevention
Aftercare
Containment
Preparation
Pro-active
PreventiveTerrorist Action
1st tier effects
2nd tier effects
3rd tier effects
Occurrence Management(Threat focused)
Consequence Management(Effect focused)
EU-ASSRBCVUL, 2006
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EffectsEffects Individual LevelIndividual Level Collective LevelsCollective Levels
IndividualIndividual FamilyFamily OrganizationOrganization CommunityCommunity SocietySociety
Information-Information-seekingseeking
CDC
- Anthrax
Helping Helping behaviourbehaviour
Good Samaritan
- TK
Donations -Chernobyl
Social Social cohesioncohesion
Divorce rates
-Oklahoma
Social Social supportsupport
Transportation
- LDN
Trust / Trust / Public Public confidenceconfidence
Physicians
- Anthrax
Brentwood
- Anthrax
Psychosocial Effects by Population LevelPsychosocial Effects by Population Level
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Appendix: Preliminary Compedium of Canadian Research and Initiatives
ORGANIZATION PEOPLE INITIATIVE
ACADEMIC
Crime U of Ottawa Director: Irvin Waller (Also on CPO Board)
Institute for the Prevention of Crimehttp://www.sciencessociales.uottawa.ca/ipc/eng/ipc.asp IPC National Working Group Recommendationshttp://www.sciencessociales.uottawa.ca/ipc/eng/recomm_net_working_group.asp
Simon Fraser University
Director: Patricia Brantingham
Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studieshttp://www.sfu.ca/icurs/
Carleton University Co-directors: Tullio Caputo & Katherine Kelly
Centre for Initiatives on Youth, Children and Communityhttp://www.carleton.ca/cicyc/index.html Paper: T. Caputo, K. Kelly, W. Jamieson & L. Hart. A Portrait of Sustainable Crime Prevention in Selected Canadian Communities, 2004: Highlights: http://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/highlights.html Vol. 1: Main Report: http://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/index.html Vol. 2: Community Profiles: http://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol2/index.html
University of Toronto
Acting Director: Mariana Valverde
Centre of Criminologyhttp://www.criminology.utoronto.ca/ Book: B. Fischer & S. Wortley (Priority Leader for Metropolis’ Justice, Policing and Security). An Evaluation of the Toronto John School Diversion Program, 2002: http://www.criminology.utoronto.ca/publications/90-x.html
Director: David Hulchanski Centre for Urban and Community Studieshttp://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/
Disaster University of British Columbia
Director: Tim McDaniels EcoRisk Research Unit (within the Institute for Resources and Environment)http://www.erru.ires.ubc.ca/index.html
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To a Violent Event To a Violent Event (crime, disaster, terrorism)(crime, disaster, terrorism)
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In a context,In a context,
With pandemic, flooding, wild fires, mad cow…With pandemic, flooding, wild fires, mad cow…
1212©© Lemyre et. al., 2007 Lemyre et. al., 2007
Louise Lemyre, Ph.D., FRSCSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences
Director of ‘Groupe d’Analyse Psychosociale de la santé’, GAP-Santé McLaughlin Research Chair on Psychosocial Aspects of Risk and Health
Centre on Governance & Institute of Population HealthUniversity of Ottawa
[email protected]@uOttawa.ca
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