) (
MPLS
-14-1 IETF MPLS
MPLS. (LSP1) LSP
. IP MPLS 13
MPLS . .
LER LSR
Label Swapping MPLS
IP
IP Forwarding
MPLS Label Assignment
IP
IP
MPLS
LSR
IP
MPLS Label Swapping
IP
Label
MPLS
MPLS ): 1-14(
Frame ATM DLCI VPI/VCI (
Relay( MPLS . IP MPLS
. MPLS )2-14( . 2
1 Label Switched Path Shim header
S
20 48
MPLS IP
MPLS ) : 2-14(
. MPLS ) 2-14(
. MPLS 20 )(COS1
. . 2 S
. . IP 8
: MPLS 1. MPLS ATM Frame Realy
.2. MPLS . . MPLS .3
. 4. MPLS . MPLS MPLS .5
.6. MPLS 3 . 7. MPLS IETF RSVP . 8. MPLS . 9. MPLS IP
. . MPLS )3-14(
Class of Service Label stack Unicast
) ( MPLS -14-2
. .
. FEC . (FEC1)
FEC . IP .
.
ATM Frame relay
MAC layer
MPLS
RSVP
TCP/UDP/IP
LDP CR- LDP
MPLS ): 3- 14(
(LER2) MPLS FEC FEC . . LER
(MPLS (LSR3
1 Forwarding Equvalent Class 2 Label Edge Router 3 Label Switching Router
.
: MPLS .1
. MPLS ) ATM ( FEC MPLS .2
MPLS . ( FEC
IP FEC (. MPLS .3
.
FEC .4 .
.5 .
MPLS .
.
MPLS . .
R2 R1 . FEC LSR . R1 R2 R1
FEC F L R2 . L R1 R2 . . R2 R1 FEC F
. FEC F L R2 R1 R2 R1
MPLS . MPLS .
. LSR 1LDP
LSR . LSR FEC
Label Distribution Protocol
) ( . 1
-BGPRSVP RSVP MPLS Tunnels LDP CR-LDP .
LSR LSR FEC LSR MPLS . 2
MPLS . 3 .
-14-2-1
. LIFO 4 MPLS
( . m . )
. m 1 NHLFE5 LSR
: NHLFE . ) ( : .
- POP - Push -
: NHLFE
.
POP LSR .
Label Distribution Peers Downstream on-demand Unsolicited downstream Last-In-First-Out Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry
NHLFE (ILM1) FEC (NHLFE (FTN2 FEC .
FTN . NHLFE .
-14-2-2 LSR MPLS
ILM . . NHLFE NHLFE
. )4-14( .
ILM NHLFE
LSR
LSR
MPLS ): 4- 14(
LSR NHLFE FEC FTN FEC
NHLFE . .
LSP -14-2-3
IP FEC FEC .
: LSP LSP ) LSP )
FEC LSR LSR LSP LSR FEC
Incoming Label Map FEC To NHLFE
) ( IP .
. LSR LSP
: . LSR FEC LSR - FEC LSR FEC -
. FEC
. LSP FEC LSP LSP
.
1 -14-2-4 FEC FEC
FEC . IP FEC .
FEC MPLS . FEC .
FEC FEC .
.
MPLS -14-2-5 MPLS . FEC LSP MPLS
. : LSR LSR
. IP . FEC LSR LSR
. LSP LSR MPLS . 2
.
Aggregation Policy routing
(TTL) -14-2-6 TTL IP
. IP
MPLS . . TTL
( TTL MPLS )
LSR . IP TTL TTL LSR TTL MPLS TTL IP .
) ATM VPI/VCI ( MPLS TTL .
TTL . TTL LSP TTL TTL
. LSR TTL . TTL TTL LSR
. ) ( TTL TTL
.
LSR ATM -14-2-7 . ATM MPLS
VPI/VCI ATM VPI/VCI . VPI/VCI
ATM MPLS ATM MPLS . MPLS LSR
: ATM ATM VPI/VCI :SVC -
MPLS LSP . MPLS ATM ATM
. POP PUSH
) ( ATM VPI :SVP -
VCI . MPLS ATM .
. SVP :SVP -
VCI LSP . .
. LSP MPLS ATM VPI/VCI LSP
. MPLS
1 -14-2-8 FEC MPLS LSR
FEC . FEC
LSR . FEC
. FEC
LSR LSR LSR .
LSR FEC . FEC
-14-2-9
MPLS R2 R1 . R2 R1
. LSP MPLS . Rn R1 LSP
. LSP
MPLS IP -14-3
Label merging
. MPLS IP . MPLS IP
-1
. ) 5-14( .
IP .
IP ): 5-14 (
MPLS ) 6-14( .
MPLS IP .
) ( MPLS : )6- 14(
Frame relay ATM 2 WAN -22 . 2 WAN )7-14 (
2 3 WAN . 2 1 :
WAN - -
. . -
2 MPLS .
.
2 3 ATM ):7-14( IP : -3
) 8-14( .
( IP IP . )
virtual circuit- 1
2 -point to point
. 1
. MPLS IP
) 9-14( . .
130.3.0.0
130.2.0.0
130.1.0.0
130.3.4.5
1
2
1
3
2 1
2
3
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4
.5
130.3.4
.5
130.3.4
.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
130.3.4.5
IP IP IP
IP ):8- 14(
MPLS :)9- 14(
2 - policy-based-routing
) ( IP -4
MPLS . .
IGP -5 .
. .
MPLS -14-4
MPLS )10-14( . MPLS .
MPLS ): 10- 14(
MPLS )11-14( .
MPLS .
. . WAN
. 2 : MPLS )11-14(
. MPLS/IP MPLS/IP MPLS/VPN
MPLS -14-5
. MPLS
MPLS . RSVP LDP BGP CR-LDP RSVP-TUNNELS
. LSP LSR
{ } LSP . } {
MPLS . .
: MPLS : )
. LSP LSP LSP LSP . RSVP LDP CR-LDP
. : ) RSVP CR-LDP . RSVP CR-LDP
LSP .
LDP -14-5-1
MPLS LDP . LSR FEC
LDP CR-LDP RSVP LDP .
FEC LSP MPLS LDP LSR MPLS .
. LDP FEC LDP . LDP LDP
LDP . LSR LSR . LDP LSR
LDP -14-5-1-1
: LDP
) ( LSR LSR :1 )
. LSR LDP :2 ) . FEC :3 )
. :4 )
. LSR MPLS
LDP UDP . LSR .
LDP . LSR LDP .
LSR LDP . TCP LDP LSR .
LSR . FEC ) LSR(
. LDP . LDP TCP .
. LSR LDP : LDP LSR LSR :
LDP .
LDP : .
LDP -14-5-1-2
LSP FEC FEC .
Discovery messages Session messages Advertisement messages Notification messages
FEC . LSPIP2 1 .
LSP LSR .
FEC LSP .1 . LSP
FEC LSP .2 . LSP
IP IP FEC LSP .3 . LSP LSP FEC
IP IP FEC LSP .4 LSP FEC
. .5
LSP . LSP
CR-LDP -14-5-2
. LDP CR-LDP. LSR TCP LDP
. CR-LDP LSP )11-14(
)10(
LSR A)(
LSR C)(
LSR B
)10(
Address prefix Host address
) ( CR-LDP ): 11- 14(
A LSR
LSRC LSRB . .LSRA . LSR B LSP
. LSRC LSP LSR B LSP LSP LSR C
. LSR B ) 10 ( LSRB. LSP
LSP
). 17 ( LSP LSR A . LSR A
LSRA LSR LSR B . LSP
RSVP -14-5-3
. IP UDP RSVP RSVP MPLS
. MPLS LSP RSVP )12-14( . : LSP
LSR A PATH LSR B LSP LSRC . . LSRB
. LSRC IP
PATH (B,C)
PATH ( C )
RESV (32)
RESV (17)
LSR A)(
LSR C)(
LSR B
RSVP ): 12-14(
LSR C . LSP
RESV LSR B . LSP .
RESV LSR B ) PATH (
LSP LSP . LSR A RESV
LSR LSR B RESV LSR A A LSR .
CR-LDP RSVP :
1. CR-LDP TCP RSVP IP UDP .
.2 RSVP CR-LDP .
MPLS -14-6
MPLS . MPLS :
. LSP -1
) ( 2- LSP . . LSP -3 . -4 -5
. . -6
-14-6-1
. MPLS .
: . . : -1 . : -2
.
. .
. .
.
. .
. 4M
. . 4M )13-14(
A-D-E-C A-B-C 3M A-B-C C B . 4M
4M
6M5 M
):13- 14(
: .
. IP .
.
1 -14-6-2 .
.... n2 n1 .4 3 2: 3 :m (p = (n1,n2,n3,,ni,nj (n1,n2) (m(n1,n2
(m(p) = m(n1,n2)+m(n2,n3)+.+m(ni,nj - .
. (m(p) = m(n1,n2)*m(n2,n3)*.*m(ni,nj -
m(ni,nj) 0 5 {(m(p) = min{m(n1,n2),m(n2,n3),.,m(ni,nj -
) ( . .
1 - metric 2 - Additive 3 - Multiplicative 4 - Concave 5 - Reliability
) ( -14-6-3
. 1 .
.
. .
.
. .
.
.
.
-14-6-4 OSPF RIP BGP
. . ) (
. 2 .
. .
. 3 . . :
: . ...
: - .
.
1 - Stateless 2 - Congestion 3 - Un stability
). (
. MPLS .1 . MPLS .2 . MPLS .3 . MPLS LER LSR .4 . LSR .5 . MPLS .6 . MPLS NHLFE .7 . NHLFE .8 . MPLS .9
. LSP .10 . MPLS .11 . MPLS LSR ATM .12 . MPLS .13 . MPLS .14 . LDP .15 . LDP LSP .16 . LDP CR-LDP .17 . RSVP LSP .18 . .19 IP .20
. MPLS .21 .22
.
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