cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
1
!
kl/ro
!=! k[i7e"ld
g]kfndf )^@.^# sf] bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ng kl5 nf]stGq, clwsf/ lgIf]k0f, :yfgLo hgtfsf clwsf/ ;DjGwdf
gofF 9+uaf6 kl/efiff / cEof;sf] vf]lhdf a9f]Q/L cfPsf] 5 . @)$^ ;fndf ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yf
k'g:y{fkgf x'g' cufl8 klg :yfgLo lgsfox?af6 jflif{s of]hgfx? sfof{Gjog gePsf xf]Ogg\ . hgcfGbf]ng
kZrft lhNnf tyf ufpF:t/df x/]s jif{ oL lgsfox?n] jflif{s of]hgf th'{df ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ t/ klg
jx';+Vos hgtfx?n] ljsf;sf] cg'e"lt kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o;/L hgtfdf ljsf;sf] k|efj gkg'{df ljleGg
sf/0fx?dWo] k|d'v sf/0f :ki6 ?kdf bL3{sfnLg ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffsf] cfwf/df jflif{s of]hgfx? th'{df gx'g'
xf] .
To;}n] o; lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] hgcfGbfn]g kZrft ul7t bf];|f] lgjf{lrt ;ldltsf] sfo{sfnsf] z'?cftdf
;fdfGo lx;fjdf k~rjifL{o of]hgf tof/ ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/of] . T;sf] nuQ} k'gM )%&M)%* af6 ;/sf/af6
lgwf{/Lt 9fFrfdf cfwf/Lt eO{ & jif]{ of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ul/of] . kl5Nnf] k6s To; of]hgfsf] ;ldIff ul/
t];|f] cfjlws of]hgfsf] ?kdf of] cGtl/d lqjlif{o of]hgf th"{df eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf]] lyof] . t/ cf=j=
@)&!.&@ cfjlws of]hgfsf] lx;fjn] Knfg xf]ln8] sf] ?kdf of]hgf ljlxg jif{sf] ?Kfdf /x|\of] . To;}
l;nzLnfdf of] kfFr jlif{o cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ul/ k|sf;df NofOPsf] 5 .
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !(% cg';f/ k|To]s lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] cfˆgf] lhNnfsf]
ljsf;sf nflu cfjlws / jflif{s ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfgcg';f/ o; lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] klg
of] % jlif{o cfjlws of]hgf tof/ u/]sf] xf] . cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ubf{ lhNnfsf] e"–jgfj6, ;DefJotf,
:yfgLo cfjZostf, k|fyldstf cflb klxrfg u/L bL3{sfnLg ljsf;sf] ;f]+r / cjwf/0ff cg'?k g]kfn
;/sf/af6 kfpg] cg'bfg, cfGtl/s ;|f]t, ;F:yfgx?sf] ah]6, :yfgLo ;fd'bflos ;d"x, u};;, cGt/f{li6«o u};;
tyf lghL If]qaf6 kl/rfng x'g] ;|f]t tyf hg;xeflutfsf] cfwf/df ah]6 k|If]k0f u/L cfufdL % jif{ leqdf
;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] sfo{qmd tyf of]hgfx? ;dfj]z u/L of] cfjlws of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
!=@ p2]Zo
of] cfjlws of]hgf th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog u/fpg cjnDag ul/Psf d'Vo p2]Zox? o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ M
lhNnfsf] cfjZostf, ;DefJotf / k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df :ki6 nIo, p2]\Zo, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
tof/ kf/L jflif{s of]hgf th'{dfdf d2t ug]{ .
o; cjlwdf nIocg'?k ePsf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfo{Gjogsf] d"NofÍg cfwf/ tof/ kfg]{ .
;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L ;F:yf tyf :yfgLo lgsfox?aLr ;dGjo u/fO{ sfof{Gjogsf] k|efjsfl/tf
a9fpFb} ljsf;sf] bf]xf]/f]kgnfO{ sd ub}{ nfg] .
!=# of]hgf th'{df ljlw
k|:t't of]hgf tof/ ubf{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6 lhNnfdf cjl:yt ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, tyf :yfgLo
lgsfosf k|ltlglwx? e]nf u/fO{ cfjlws of]hgf ;DaGwdf lj:t[t 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm cjlwdf o;
cfjlws of]hgf tof/ ug'{ k"j{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ljleGg r/0fdf uf]i7Lx? cfof]hgf ul/Psf]
lyof] . pQm uf]i7Ldf ;/sf/L ;F:yfsf sfof{no k|d'vx?, u}/;/sf/L ;F:yfx?sf k|ltlglwx?, lhlj;sf
kbflwsf/Lx? tyf sd{rf/Lx?, ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt dxf;+3sf cWoIf, tyf dGqfnosf k|ltlglwx? Ef]nf u/fO{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
2
uf]i7L ;~rfng u/L lhNnfsf] d'Vo kl/b[io, nIo, p2]Zox?, gLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? cfk;L 5nkmnsf]
dfWodaf6 to ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm nIo xfl;n ug{ cfOkg]{ ;d:ofx? / cjlws of]hgfsf] cGTo ;Dddf
lhNnfsf] l:yltdf x'g] ;Defljt kl/jt{g ;DaGwdd ts{o'Qm 9fFrf (Logical Frame) tof/ ul/Psf] lyof] . /fli6«o
of]hgf cfof]uaf6 k|fKt ljifo;"rL cg'?k pQm ts{o'Qm 9fFrfnfO{ tof/ u/L of]hgfj4 tl/sfn] cfjlws
of]hgf tof/ ug{ Ps k|fljlws sfo{bn u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm k|fljlws sfo{bnn] lhNnfdf k|fKt Pj+
;+slnt tyf k|zf]lwt tYofÍsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vx?;+u 5nkmn u/L lhNnfsf]
jf:tljs l:yltsf] d"NofÍg u/L Pj+ lhNnfsf ljleGg ;/f]sf/ ;d"xx?sf] ;xof]udf k"0f{tM ;xeflutfTds
of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof cjnDjg u/L of] % jif]{ cfjlws of]hgf tof/LnfO{ clGtd ?k k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
!=$ ;Ldf
/fli6«o of]hgf cfof]uaf6 hf/L ul/Psf] cfjlws of]hgf;DaGwL lgb]{lzsfn] kl/nlIft u/]sf] of]hgf th{'dfsf]
;xeflutfTds cfwf/df g} of] of]hgf tof/ ePsf] xf] . of]hgfnfO{ a9L j}1flgs Pj+ j:t'lgi7 u/fpg] k|of;sf]
afah"b klg oy]i7 ?kdf tYofÍ, ;"rgf tyf cGo cWoog ;fdu|Lx?sf] cefj v6lsPsf] 5 . jflif{s of]hgf
th'{dfdf o:tf sld–sdhf]/Lx?df kl/dfh{g u/L Pj+ of]hgfsf] dWofjlw d"NofÍgsf] cj:yfdf ;xL tYofÍut
k|df0fx? h'6fO{ of]hgf sfof{GjognfO{ oyfy{k/s u/fp+b} nfg'kg]{ cfjZostf dxz'if ul/Psf] 5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
3
kl/R5]b @
cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf M bL3{sflng ;f]r, p4]Zo, /0fgLlt / k|fyldstf
@=! e'ldsf
;+;f/df d"ntM bf];|f] ljZjo'4 kl5 g} ljsf; Pj+ of]hgfa4 ?kdf hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ psf:g] k|of; z'? ePsf]
kfOG5 . To;/L g} g]kfndf klg of]hgfa4 ljsf;sf] z'?jft lj=;+= @)!# ;fnaf6 ePsf] xf] . xfn;Dd t]x|
j6f cfjlws of]hgfx? sfof{Gjogdf cfO;s]sf 5g\ . k|yd / bf];|f] of]hgfn] ef}lts k"jf{wf/df hf]8, t];|f]
b]lv kfFrf} of]hgf;Dd pTkfbgdf hf]8, 5}6f} / ;ftf}n] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{df hf]8, cf7f}+ / gjf}+
of]hgfn] lbuf] ljsf;, ul/jL Go"lgs/0f / k|efjsf/L cg'udgnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] kfOG5 . To;} ul/ ul/jL
lgjf/0f /0fgLltkqsf] ?kdf bzf}+ of]hgf cfPsf], To; kl5sf of]hgfx?n] d'ntM ul/jL lgjf/0f / bLuf] zflGt
lgdf{0ftkm{ s]lGb|t ePsf] kfOG5 .
cem} klg cltsd ljsl;t /fi6\sf] ?kdf /x]sf] g]kfnnfO{ yk /fhg}lts k|ltj4tf Pj+ lbzfaf]w ;lxt ljsf;
k|of;df yk k|efjsfl/tf NofOPdf clt sd ljsl;t /fi6\af6 dWod cfo ePsf] ljsf;lzn /fi6\sf] ;"rLdf
:t/f]Gglt ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf cToGt k|jn 5 . ;fy} ;x>fAbL ljsf; nIf tyf blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo
;xof]u ;+u7gsf ljsf; nIfx? xfl;n ug]{, lbuf] ljsf;, dfgj clwsf/ Pj+ hnjfo' kl/jt{g nufot
cGt//fli6\o tyf If]qLo:t/df k|ltj4tf ghfOPsf cGo ljifox?nfO{ ;d]t ;Daf]wg u/L xl/t cy{tGqsf]
k|jw{g / ul/jL Go"lgs/0f ug]{ tkm{ kl5Nnf] of]hgf s]lGb|t ePsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf ljifout sfof{nox?n] :yfgLo:t/df hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng, ul/jL Go"lgs/0f, xl/t ljsf;,
u'0f:t/Lo lzIff Pj+ :jf:Yo ;DjGwL gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5g\ . jflif{s lHfNnf ljs;f
of]hgfdf ;d]t ljleGg If]qut gLltx? to ub}{ ;f] cg';f/sf sfo{qmdx? yk k|efsfl/tfsf ;fy ;+rfnLt x'b}
cfPsf 5g\ .
o; cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf d'ntM lhNnfdf cfly{s, ;fdflhs Pj+ ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?df cfwf/e"t Pj+
u'0f:t/Lo ?kd} ljsf; ug]{, jg tyf jftfj/0f kIfsf] ;+/If0f, h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+aw{g, hnfwf/ If]qsf]
Plss[t ljsf;, hnjfo' kljt{g cg's'ng, jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g, afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g, ljkb\ hf]lvd
Aoj:ykfg, kmf]xf]/d}nf Aoj:yfkg, :yfgLo ;'zf;g, dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; If]q gljg kIfx? ;d]tnfO{ ;d]6\g
s]lGb|t eO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
@=@ ljsf;sf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]+r
o; lhNnfsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu o; % jif]{ cfjlws of]hgf tof/ ul/ nfu" ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;
cfjlws of]hgf cfly{s jif{ @)&@.&# b]lv @)&^.&& ;Ddsf nflu tof/ ePsf] 5, h;n] s[lif, hn>f]t Pj+
ko{6g ljsf;nfO{ k|d'v k|fyldstf lb+b} ef}lts k"jf{wf/ If]q nfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbO{ ljsf; ug{ bL3{sfnLg ;f]+r
o; k|sf/ lnPsf] 5 .
æs[lif, ko{6g, hn>f]t / k"jf{wf/
;dfj]zL lbuf] ljsf; sf:sLsf] d'n cfwf/Æ
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
4
@=# lgb]{zs l;4fGtx?
o; lhNnfsf] lgwf{l/t ljsf;sf] nIodf k'Ugsf nflu Pj+ p2]Zox? k|flKtsf nflu o; cfjlws of]hgf cGtu{t
lgDgfg';f/sf] lgb]{zs l;4fGt ckgfO{ lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] ultnfO{ tLa| ul/+b} nluPsf] x'g]5 M
;/f]sf/jfnf nlIft ju{sf] ;xeflutf
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f PJf+ jftfj/0fd}lq ljsf;
:yfgLo ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] clwstd ;b'kof]u
;/f]sf/afnfsf] k|ltj4tf Pj+ ;dfj]lzs/0f
ul/aL Go"lgs/0f
lbuf] ljsf;
clwsf/df cfwfl/t ljsf; k|lqmof
;'zf;g
n}lËs ;d–ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff / ljsf;
ljs]lGb|t Pj+ ;xeflutfd'ns of]hgf k|lqmof
;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/L
;fdflhs kl/rfng
afnd}lq ljsf; k|lqmof
ckf+ud}qL Pj+ h]i7 gful/sd}qL ljsf;
@=$ ljsf;sf] ;dli6ut nIf, p4]Zo tyf /0fgLlt
@=$=! ljsf;sf] nIo
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xfnsf] cfjlws of]hgfsf] d'Vo p2]Zo ul/aL lgjf/0fnfO{ /fli6«o nIosf] ?kdf
lnPsf] ;Gbe{df lhNnf:t/df ul/aL Go"lgs/0f ug{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, sf:sLn] ko{6g s[lif, ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug{sf] lgwf{l/t nIo lgDgfg';f/ lnOPsf] 5 .
æsf:sL lhNnfsf hgtfx?sf] cfly{s / ;fdflhs cj:yfdf pNn]vlgo ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 .Æ
@=$=@ p2]Zo
pQm nIodf k'Ugsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] p2]Zox? lnOPsf] 5 M
gofF ko{6lso j:t', ko{6sLo :ynsf] vf]hL, ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug]{ .
s[lifdf cfw'lgsLs/0f, oflGqlss/0f PJ+f Aoj;flos/0f / u}/ s[lifIf]qaf6 cfo tyf /f]huf/Ldf j[l4
ug]{ .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
5
hgtfsf nflu ;'ne / ;'ud x'g] u/L ;+:yfut ?kdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] u'0f:t/Lo ljsf; ug]{ .
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ :yfgLo ljsf;sf cGo ;fem]bf/x?sf] Ifdtf Pj+ bIftf clej[l4 u/L ljsf;
Joj:yfkg ;'b[9 ug]{ .
afnaflnsf, blnt, h]i7 gful/s, dlxnf, cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg, lk5l8Psf hg;d'bfo, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm, c;xfo, czQm, cflbjf;L hghflt, cNk;+Vos / cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 j[4x?sf]
hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
dfgjLo ;+;fwfgsf] ljsf;, ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;dGjo Pj+ ;fem]bf/L ljsf; ug]{ .
u'0f:t/Lo :Jff:Yo, u'0f:t/Lo k|fljlws Pj+ Aoj;flos lzIffsf] kxF'r lj:tf/ Pj+ hgtfsf] hLJfgsf]
u'0f:t/df j[l4 ug{] .
cf}Bf]lus ljsf;, hn>f]t, k|fs[lts Pj+ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf; ug]{ .
@=$=# /0fgLltx?
o; cfjlws of]hgfsf d'Vo /0fgLltx? o; k|sf/ /xg] 5g\ M
:yfgLo:t/df PsLs[t / ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf k4lt cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf;, >f]t Pj+ ;fdflhs kl/rfngnfO{ cfTd;ft / ljsf;sf] d"n cfwf/sf]
?kdf lnOg]5 .
k|To]s of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ ul/aL lgjf/0f, lbuf] ljsf;, ljkb hf]lvd pTyfglzn, hnjfo'
kl/jt{g cg's'n, jftfj/0fd}qL pGd'v u/fOg]5 .
gful/s ;dfh, ;/sf/L PJ+f u}/;/sf/L ;:yfaLr ;dGjo eO{ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf k|efjsfl/tf
NofOg]5 .
uflj;, gu/kfnLsf Pj+ lhlj;af6 PsLs[t, If]qut of]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff cjnDjg /
;dGjotfTds ?kdf sfo{qmd th'{df / sfof{Gjogsf] kl/kf6Lsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{x?df lghL, ;xsf/L / ;fd'bflos If]qsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf, ;xsfo{ /
;fe]mbf/L ljsf; ul/g]5 .
@=$=% ljifout ljsf; k|fyldstf
sf:sL lhNnfsf] cfly{s cj:yf, dfgjLo ;+;fwg tyf ;F:yfut cfwf/nfO{ b[li6ut u/L lhNnfsf]
cfjZostfnfO{ k|fyldstf qmddf k'/f ug{ o; # jif]{ cfjlws of]hgfdf lgDg–lnlvt If]qx?nfO{
k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 M
-s_ s[lif M
zx/L hg;+Vof sl/j ^^ k|ltzt eP klg o; lhNnfsf clwsf+z hgtf s[lifdf cfwfl/t /x]sf /
s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf w]/} ;+efjgfx? ePsfn] bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgf cg'?k s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;
ul/g]5 . ljutsf s[lif ljsf; k|of;x?af6 s[lif pTkfbgdf ljljwLs/0f ug'{ eGbf k/Dk/fut
vfBfGgd'vL pTkfbg k|0ffnLnfO{ g} 6]jf k'¥ofpg] k|of;x? ePsf] b]lvG5 . t;y{, cfufdL jif{x?df
t'ngfTds nfesf cGo s[lif pTkfbg If]qx? h:t} kmnk"mn, t/sf/L, sd jhg tyf a9L d"No kg]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
6
afnLx? klxNofO{ s[lif Pj+ e"–kof{j/0fLo cj:yf cg'?k s[lif Joj;fodf ljljwLs/0f tyf
Jofj;foLs/0f ut]{tk{m Wofg lbOg]5 . ko{6sx?n] pkef]u ug]{ :yfgLo hftsf vfBfGg kmnk"mn,
Rofp, df5f, df;', k'mn cflb pTkfbgdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 . s[lif pTkfbgnfO{ ;d'lrt laqmL
ljt/0f ug{ ;/sf/L If]qaf6 6]jf k'¥ofpg ;xsf/L ;+3 ;F:yfx?nfO{ ;lqmo u/fOg]5 .
-v_ jftfj/0fd}lq u|fdL0f Pj+ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;M
ljsf;sf] ;du| cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] ;8s, k'n, hn,
vfg]kfgL, l;+rfO, ;~rf/ cflb ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
ljutdf lgld{t ef}lts k"jf{wf/nfO{ s[lif pTkfbg a9fpg / ahf/ k|j4{gdf d2t k'¥ofpg hf]8
lbOg]5 . ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] of]hgf th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjogdf s[lif pTkfbgdf clej[l4, ahf/sf]
lj:tf/, zx/ ufpFaLrsf] cfly{s cu|–k[i7–;DaGw (forward and backward linkages) df j[l4 Pj+
;fdflhs ;]jfsf] lj:tf/df d2t k'Ug] p2]Zoaf6 ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 . ;fy},
jftfj/0fLo k|efj kIfnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
-u_ ko{6g M
sf:sL lhNnf clw/fHos} ko{6gsf] cfsif{0f–s]Gb| tyf kf]v/f cGgk"0f{ If]q g]kfnsf] k|dv' ko{6sLo
uGtJo :yn ePsf] ;Gbe{df ko{6gnfO{ Ps ;zSt ko{6lso cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{
hf]8 lbOg]5 . sf:sL lhNnfsf] s'n cfDbfgL ;|f]tsf] sl/a !^ k|ltzt / kfFr xhf/ eGbf a9L
JolQmnfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/ lbg] o; ko{6g If]qnfO{ yk cfo tyf /f]huf/L l;h{gfsf nflu
k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 . o; of]hgf cjlw ;Dddf slDtdf % nfv ko{6sx? sf:sL lhNnfdf cfpg]
nIo /flvPsf] 5 .
g]kfn sf] ;/sf/n] ljut s]xL jif{b]lv lghL If]nfO{ klg xjfO{ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ lbg] k|fjwfg
cg'?k ko{6sx?sf] cfudgdf ;sf/fTds cj;/ l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . o; of]hgf cjlwdf sf:sL
lhNnfsf] ljBdfg ljdfg :ynsf] wfjg dfu{nfO{ ;'ljwfhgs agfO{, gofF ko{6g :ynsf] cfjZos
;"rgf lj:tf/ u/L, hn tyf jfo' k|b"if0fnfO{ lgoGq0f u/L, 6«fen Ph]G;L, /]i6'/]i6 tyf xf]6nx?sf]
;]jf :yn a9fO{ Pj+ ltgLx?sf] a;fOF cjlw a9fpg hf]8 lbOg]5 . ko{6g cfsif{0fsf ljleGg
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug{sf ;fy} ko{6sLo pkef]Uo j:t' Pj+ x:tsnf h:tf ;fdu|Lx?sf] pTkfbg
a9fpg 3/]n' pBf]usf] :yfkgfdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
s[lif pTkfbgnfO{ k|ToIf c;/ kg]{ tyf ko{6g If]qsf] ;d]t d2t k'Ug] ;+efJo 7fpFdf u|fdL0f s[lif
;8s tyf emf]n'Ë] k'n lgdf{0fdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
-3_ hn>f]t M
hn>f]taf6 l;+rfO{, hn oftfoft, :jR5 vfg]kfgL, kz'kfng, s[lifdf Aoj;flos/0f, jftfj/0fd}qL
cf}Bf]lus ljsf; cflb sfo{ ;Dej x'G5 . t;y{ hn>f]tsf] ljsf;nfO{ Psf+sL ljsf;sf] lx;fjn]
dfq gx]/L ljB't pTkfbg / ;du| ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ pkfosf] ?kdf lng] ul/ o; lHfNnfsf]
ljsf;df k|d'v k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df Pj+ sfofGjog ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
7
-ª_ ;dfj]lz Pj+ nlIft ju{sf] dfgljo ljsf;
;dfj]lz nf]stGq g} ljsf;sf] ;fWo / dfWods} ?Kfdf lnOb}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . ;dfj]lz
nf]stGqsf] dd{ eg]s} nlIft ju{sf] Ifdtf ljsf;, :j/f]huf/Lsf cj;/df a[l4, l;dfGts[lt
ju{sf] cfo:t/ a[l4 cflb g} xf] . t;y{ o; lhNnfsf] ljsf; ubf{ o; kIfnfO{ k|d'v k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
@=$=% k|d'v hf]lvd kIfx?
cfjlws of]hgf cGtu{t lgwf{l/t ljsf;sf p2]Zox?sf] k|flKtsf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf cj:yfx?nfO{
hf]lvdsf ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 M
lHfNnfsf] ljsf; k|of;df ;xsf/L, lghL, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo nufotsf
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;fem]bf/L PJ+f pNn]Vo nufgL a[l4 ePsf] x'g] .
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% cg'?k o; cfjlws of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogdf lhlj;n] k|efjsf/L
e"ldsf v]Ng kfpg] pko'Qm jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g' kg]{ .
g]kfn sf] ;/sf/af6 ljsf; tyf ;fwf/0f vr{ afkt of]hgfsf] cfjZostf cg'?k lhNnfdf ah]6
ljlgof]hg lgoldt ?kdf x'g' kg]{ .
bft[ ;+:yf tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] k|ltj4tf cg'?k k|fljlws Pj+ cfly{s ;xof]udf
lg/Gt/tf x'g' kg]{ .
cfjlws of]hgf lgdf{0fdf k|fKt /fhgLlts bnx?sf] k|ltj4tf sfof{Gjog cj:yfdf klg sfod /xg'
kg]{ .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
9
kl/R5]b #
s[lif ljsf;
#=! e'ldsf
ljZj vfB ;Dd]ng !(^^ n] vfB ;'/IffnfO{ kl/eflift u/] cg';f/ k|To]s AolQmsf] :j:y / ;lqmo hLjg
ofkgsf] nflu cfk\mgf] cfjZostf / rfxgf cg'?k ;w}+ :j:y / kf]if0fo'Qm vfgf dflysf] ef}lts / cfly{s kx'Fr
ePsf] cj:yf vfB ;'/Iff xf] . h;sf] nflu k|yd ?kdf s[lif g} dxQd If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf] x'G5 . g]kfndf
s[lif If]qn] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf sl/j Ps ltxfO{ / @ ltxfO{ hg;+VofnfO{ lhljsfsf] cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf]n]
o; If]qsf] of]ubfg ct'nlgo g} /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] xfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] vfB ;+k|QfnfO{ df}lns xssf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf], s[lifdf cfl>t ax';+Vos
hgtfsf] cfly{s pGglt x'g] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf u/L s[lifnfO{ pBf]usf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ gLltut k|fyldstf
lbPsf] kfOG5 . To;} u/L s[lif If]qsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu @) jif]{ s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt ;d]t tof/ ePsf] 5
.
;x>fAbL ljsf; nIf, /fli6\o gLlt, lhNnfsf] gLlt, cfjZostf Pj+ k|fyldstf ;d]tsf] cfwf/df s[lif pTkfbg,
Aofkf/df k|lt:kwf{, Aoj;flos/0f, oflGqlss/0f, ljljlws/0fdf hf]8 lbb} ;/sf/L Pj+ lgHfL ;fem]bf/L ;d]tsf]
ljsf;df Wofg lbOg] 5 . To:t} s[lif k]zfnfO{ ;Ddfghgs agfO{ cfo tyf /f]huf/L ;[hgf, vfB tyf kf]if0f
;'/Iff / cfly{s ?kdfGt/0fdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg ug{ of] of]hgf s]lGb|t x'g]5 .
#=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf ljutb]lv xfn;Dd vf4 jf;nft, ;'Gtnf hftsf] kmnk'mnsf] jf;nft, bnxg Pj+ t]ng jfnL,
t/sf/L ;d]tsf] jf;nft ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5}g .
h;nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] pknAwtf a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf], :yfgLo ahf/sf] pknAwtfdf a[l4
ePsf], ljleGg afnLsf] Aoj;flos pTkfbgsf] nflu pko'Qm e"jgfj6 /x]sf], lghLIf]qsf] a9\bf] ;+nUgtfsf]
cj:yf /x]sf], ;8s, ljB't, 6]lnkmf]g h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ePsf], s[lif If]qdf ;xsf/Ls/0f Pj+
;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lbgfg'lbg a9]sf], k|fËfl/s v]ltsf] k|rng a9]sf] ;d]t b]lvG5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ;f]lx xf/fxfl/df s[lif If]qsf] ckl/d]o of]ubfg /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsb}g . o; lhNnfdf
s[lifsf] ljsf;df u};;x?, s[ifs ;d'xx?, cg';+wfgd'ns ;+:yfx?, ;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+:yfx? lqmoflzn /lx
cfPsf 5g\ .
sf]bf] cleofg cufl9 a9]sf] b]lvG5, h;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{ wfg, ds} ;d]tsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a9fO{
vfB af;nftdf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{, t/sf/L Pj+ kmnkm'n ;d]tsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a9fO{ s[lifdf cfTdlge{/
lHfNnf agfpg] k|of; ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
h]7f] a'8f] wfgsf] ljpm ;+/If0f / ljsf;, ds}sf] :yfgLo ljpmsf] ;+/If0f . To:t} cfn', kmnkmn', df5f, slkm,
Rofpm cflbsf] ks]6 If]q ljsf;, o'jfx?nfO{ s[lifdf cfslif{t s;/L ug]{ / s[lifdf cfw'lgsLs/0f, Aoj;flos/0f
/ oflGqs/0f s;/L ug]{ h:tf ;jfnx?nfO{ yk k|f]T;fxg ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
#=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
o; lhNnfdf s[lifdf /fhg}lts k|ltj4tfsf] a[l4 ug'{, o'jf ju{nfO{ s[lif k]zfdf cfslif{t ug'{, jftfj/0fLo
kl/jt{gsf] cg's'ng ug'{, h:tf r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . o; If]qsf ;jn, sdhf]/ kIf Pj+
cj;/ / r'gf}lt o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
10
;jn kIf
k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] pknAwtf a9\bf]
qmddf /x]sf]
:yfgLo ahf/sf] pknAwtfdf a[l4 ePsf]
ljleGg afnLsf] Aoj;flos pTkfbgsf]
nflu pko'Qm e"jgfj6 /x]sf]
lghLIf]qsf] a9\bf] ;+nUgtfsf] cj:yf /x]sf]
;8s, ljB't, 6]lnkmf]g h:tf ef}lts
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ePsf]
s[lif If]qdf ;xsf/Ls/0f Pj+ ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf] lbgfg'lbg a9]sf]
k|fËfl/s v]ltsf] k|rng a9]sf]
;/sf/L lgtLdf pRr k|fyldstfdf
elgPsf] .
cj;/
pGgt k|ljlw lj:tf/, k|rf/ ul/ pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj
a9fpg ;lsg]
lghL If]qdf ;d]t s[lif Pj+ kz' k|fljlws pTkfbg ePsf
Aoj;flos jfnLx?sf] If]qkmn lj:tf/ ul/ /f]huf/Lsf]
cj;/sf] l;h{gf ug{ ;lsg]
vfBfGg jfnLx?sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a[l4 ul/
vfB ;'/Iffdf 6]jf k'/\ofpg ;lsg]
b'u{d If]q Pj+ nlIft ju{x?df cfo cfh{g a[l4 ul/
ul/jL Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsg]
:yfgLo lgsfon] o; If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg z'?
;/sf/sf] C0f gLltsf sf/0f hgtfnfO{ C0fsf] cj;/
a[l4 ePsf]
ko{6gd'lv s[lif ljsf;sf] k|r'/ ;+efjgf ePsf]
s[lif jg cjwf/0ffsf] k|of]usf] k|;:t ;+efjgf ePsf]
afnL ljdfsf] Joj:yf
j}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 kms]{sf o'jfx? Joj;flos s[lifdf
cfsif{0f a9\bf] .
sdhf]/ kIf
s[lif k|fljlws hgzlQm -;/sf/L_ ck'u
/x]sf]
s[lifdf ;/sf/L If]qsf] Go"g nufgLsf]
cj:yf /x]sf]
C0fsf] k|jfxdf emd]nf
k|efjsf/L s[lif ljdf sfo{qmd gx'g'
:ki6 P]g tyf gLltsf] cefj / ePsf]
sfg"gsf] klg sfof{Gjog k|efjsf/L gx'g'
pTkfbgsf] nfut a9\bf] /x]sf]
>f]t s]Gb|sf] sld /x]sf]
;dfh4f/f s[lif k]zfnfO{ ;Ddflgt k]zfsf]
?kdf gdfGg' .
s[lif ofGqLs/0f ljsf; x'g g;Sg' .
s[lif Joj;fonfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f /
Joj;foLs/0f ug{ g;lsPsf] .
jhf/Ls/0fsf] ;d'RrLt Joj:y fug{
g;lsPsf] .
k|fËfl/s pTkfbgnfO{ k|df0fLs/0f ug{
g;Sg' .
r'gf}lt
s[lifdf /fhg}lts k|ltj4tfsf] a[l4 ug'{
ljkb ljz]if ul/ af9L, klx/f] / cl;gfsf ;fy} afFb/
k|sf]ksf] Go"lgs/0f ug'{
hldgsf] vl08s/0f, s[lif of]Uo hldg u}/s[lifdf k|of]u
a9\bf]
jftfj/0fLo kl/jt{g
o'jfju{sf] ljb]z knfog
cldnf] hft kmnkm'ndf ;+qmds /f]u .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
11
#=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
s[lif Joj;fodf ljljwLs/0f tyf lbuf] ?kdf Joj;foLs/0f u/L s[lifhGo a:t'x?sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj
a9fO{ vfB / kf]if0f ;'/Iff ;'b[9 ePsf] x'g]5 .
#=% p4]Zo
s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a[l4 eO{ lhNnfaf;Lsf] cfly{s hLjg:t/ a[l4df 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
#=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd⁄ dfGotf hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
s[lifhGo j:t'sf]
pTkfbg tyf
pTkfbsTj a[l4
eO{
lhNnfaf;Lsf]
cfly{s
hLjg:t/
a[l4df 6]jf
k'/\ofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
vfB jf;nft Go"g
-d]=6=_
!#^!
#
!!,$
!%
bnxg-d]=6=_ 894.2 930
t]nxg-d]=6=_ 451.62
%))
s[lif sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug]{ uflj;
Pj+ g=kf= ;+Vof
#$ #$
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– k|fs[lts ljkb\
gePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f /
s[lif dn tyf
jLpm pknAw
ePdf .
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5
– nufgL a[l4
Pj+ ;dodf
s[lif dn tyf
jLpm pknAw
u/fpg]
glthf !
vfBfGg, bnxg
Pj+ t]nxg
jfnLsf]
pTkfbgdf a[l2
eO{ vfB
jf;nftdf
;'wf/ ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cg';Gwfg
Pj+
lb3{sflng
of]hgf tof/
) !
vfB
jf;nft
Go"g -d]=6=_
!#^!# !!,$!%
wfg jif]{
tyf r}t] -
d]=6=_ 84680
(,)^%
)
ux'F-d]=6=_ 13503.6 !$,!%)
ds} -d]=6=_
56191.6 %&,$%
)
sf]bf] -d]=6=_ 17720.4 !&,(%)
bnxg- 894.2 930
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
12
d]=6=_
t]nxg-
d]=6=_ 451.62 %))
glthf g+ @
kmnkm'n jfnLsf]
pTkfbg tyf
pTkfbsTj a[l2
/ ljljlws/0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;'Gtnf hft
pTkfbg -
d]=6=_
6378.7 6750
If]qkmn -x]_
875 900
pTkfbg -k|lt
x]_
7.3 7.5
s]/f pTkfbg
-d]=6=_
1875 3100
If]qkmn -x]=_
125 200
pTkfbg -k|lt
x]_
15 15.5
cfFk pTkfbg
-d]=6=_
538 550
ln+lr pTkfbg
-d]=6=_
238 250
e'O{ s6x/
pTkfbg -
d]=6=_
750 1100
If]qkmn -x]=_
75 100
pTkfbg -
k|lt x]_ d]=6=
10 11
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
glthf g+ #
t/sf/L tyf
kmnkm'n jfnLsf]
pTkfbg tyf
pTkfbsTj a[l2
/ ljljlws/0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
t/sf/L
pTkfbg-
d]=6=_
!)$&# !#&&)
@*&*! $)%%
)
aif]{ t/sf/L
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
13
pTkfbg
cfn'
pTkfbg-
d]=6=_
glthf $M dx,
Rofpm, df5f,
lrof, slkm,
k'ik, d;nf
nufotsf gub]
aflnsf] pTkfbg
/ pTkfbsTj
a9]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
dx pTkfbg
-s]=hL=_
1600 0 #@&^)
Rofpm
pTkfbg
*% !$%
d]=6g
df5fsf]
pTkfbgd]=6=_
%$#
d]=6g
&))
d]6g
d;fnf
afnLsf]
pTkfbgd]=6=_
lrofsf]
pTkfbg-
d]=6=_
slkm pTkfbg
-d]=6=_
km"n g;{/L
;+Vof
@% #)
Aoa;flos
km'nsf]
pTkfbg
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
glthf %M
s[lifdf
cfw'lgsLs/0f,
oflGqsLs/0f,
ljdf k4lt PJf+
Ifdtf ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif ljdf
k4lt nfu"
) !
xft] 6\ofS6/
k|of]u k|ltzt
u|fld0f s[lif
sfo{stf{
;+Vof
$! %)
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
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jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
14
jfln
xfj]{l:6+u ug{]
oGqsf] k|of]u
glthf ^=
s[lifdf u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL If]qsf]
nufgL a[l4 Pj+
;fem]bf/L
a9]sf] 'xg]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug]{
uflj; Pj+
g=kf= ;+Vof
#$ #$
s[lif If]qdf
!) k|ltzt
ah]6
ljlgof]hg
ug]z[ gkf
tyf uflj;
;+Vof
!) #$
s[lif If]qdf
;=nUg
u};; sf]
;+Vof
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s[lif If]qdf
u};; sf]
nufgL ?
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;'rgf zfvf
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sfof{nosf]
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k|ltj]bg
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jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
glthf &M
s[ifssf]
;+:yfut Ifdtf,
s[lif pTkfbgsf]
e08f/ Ifdtf
a[l4 tyf ahf/
Aoj:yf ;'b[9
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif ljdf
sfo{s|ddf
;+nUg s[ifs
k|ltzt
!) %)
s[ifs ;d'x
;+Vof
^(( &%)
s[ifs
zxsf/L
;+Vof
lzt e08f/0f
Ifdtf
vfBfGg
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;'rgf zfvf
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sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
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jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
15
e08f/0f
Ifdtf
kmnkm'n tyf
t/sf/L ahf/
;+Vof
glthf * s[lif
dnvfb, ljiffbL
/ cg'bfgsf]
pknAwtfdf
a[l2 ePsf] x'g]5
.
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ljiffbL
pknAwtf
!) d]= 6=
/f;folgs
dn
pknAwtf
@)#)
d]=6=
h}ljs dn
pknAwtf
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
– s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nosf]
jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
– ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr ;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{ ePdf
– s[lif If]qdf
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
– nufgL a[l4sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg] .
#=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
s[lif cg';Gwfgaf6 ljsf; eO{ of]Uo ;fljt ePsf cfw'lgs s[lif k|ljlwx¿ ;j{;'ne tl/sfn] s[ifs
;dIf k'¥ofO{ k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
s[lif pTkfbg ;fdfu|L / ;]jfdf ;j{;'ne ?kn] s[ifsx¿sf] kx'Fr a9fO{ s[lifhGo afnL÷ j:t'x¿sf]
pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf kl/df0ffTds / u'0ffTds j[l4 u/L lhNnfnfO{ vfB kf]if0f ;'/Iffdf cfTdlge{/
agfO{ lgsf;L of]Uo j:t'x¿df hf]8 lbO{ lgof{t k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo:t/df cfjZos kg]{ u'0f:t/o'Qm aLp, af]6 la?jf / ;|f]t ;fdu|Lsf] lbuf] cfk"lt{sf]
nflu >f]ts]Gb|sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
s[lifdf cfwfl/t pBf]ux¿sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{x¿ s[lif ;xsf/L dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg
;dGjo ug]{ / ahf/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf; u/L s[lif Joj;foLs/0f tyf cf}Bf]uLs/0f dfWodaf6 /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/x¿ ;[hgf ul/g]5 .
lbuf] s[lif ljsf; / h}ljs ljljwtf tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0faLr ;Gt'ng sfod /fVg] k|of; ul/g]5 .
s[lif pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4sf nflu ljsl;t pTkfbgf]k/fGt k|ljlwx¿sf] k|rf/k|;f/ / k|fljlws
;]jf 6]jf ;j{;'ne?kdf k|bfg u/L s[ifsx¿nfO{ s[lif ljsf; ug{ ;Ifd agfOg]5 .
lgof{tof]Uo Pj+ pRr d"Nosf s[lifhGo afnL÷j:t'x¿sf] pTkfbgdf ljlzi6tf xfl;n ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5
.
s[lifhGo pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ u'0f:t/o'Qm s[lif pTkfbgdf ljljlws/0f ul/g]5 .
s[lif pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lsf] pTkfbg Pj+ ahf/Ls/0f ;]jf 6]jf lbOg]]5 .
s[lif ljsf;df s[ifs ;d"x÷;ldlt÷;xsf/L÷u}x|–;xsf/L ;+:yf / :yfgLo lgsfox¿;Fu ;fem]bf/L
ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
16
#=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&&
hDdf
ah]6
k|yld
stf
s|d
glthf !=
x/]s j:tLsf] df6f]
kl/If0f Pj+ lb3{sflng
of]hgf tof/
1 500 400 900
1
wfg ljh Pj+
pTkfbg a[l4 sfo{qmd
20 100 100 200 200 200 800
4
ux'F pTkfbg ljh Pj+
a[l4 sfo{qmd
5 100 100 100 100 100 500
3
ds} pTkfbg ljh Pj+
a[l4 sfo{qmd
5 100 100 100 100 100 500
5
sf]bf] pTkfbg ljh
Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd
7 100 100 100 100 100 500
6
bnxg pTkfbg ljh
Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd
5 100 100 100 100 100 500
7
t]nxg pTkfbg ljh
Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd
5 100 100 100 100 100 500
8
glthf @=
;'Gtnf hft kmnkm'n
lj:tf/ sfo{s|d
6 300 300 300 300 300 1500 2
s]/f ptkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
6 300 300 300 300 300 1500 10
cGo kmnkm'n ptkfbg
a[l2 sfo{s|d
6 300 300 300 300 300 1500 9
glthf #=
ljh Pj+ t/sf/L
pTkfbg sfo{s|d
7 400 500 500 550 400 2350 11
lxpFb] t/sf/L pTkfbg
sfo{s|d
7 450 500 470 600 500 2520 12
aif]{ t/sf/L pTkfbg
sfo{s|d
7 400 400 400 400 400 2000 13
ljh Pj+ cfn' pTkfbg
sfo{s|d
7 600 700 650 740 850 3540 15
s[ifs cg'bfg sfo{s|d
hgf
500 1000 2200 2400 3000 4500 13100 16
glthf $=
df}/L kfng tyf k|a4{g
a[l2 sfosd
6 3200 3500 4500 5400 7500 24100 18
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
17
Rofpm pTkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
7 1400 2400 2400 3400 4400 14000 17
df5f pTkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
5 5500 5500 5500 5500 5500 27500 19
d;fnf afnLsf] pTkfbg
a[l2 sfo{s|d
5 100 100 100 100 100 500 20
lrofsf] pTkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
7 400 400 400 400 400 2000 22
slkm pTkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
7 400 400 400 400 400 2000 23
km"n pTkfbg tyf
g;{/L Aoa:yfkg
sfo{s|d
8 800 800 800 800 800 4000 21
Aoa;flos k'iksf]
pTkfbg
8 800 800 800 800 800 4000 24
glthf %=
gofF s[lif afln cWoog 6 4000 4000 4000 4000 4500 20500 26
;'Gtnf ks]6 If]q
lj:tf/ sfo{s|d
6 4000 4000 4000 4000 4500 20500 25
s[lif sfo{stf{ tflnd 5 300 300 300 300 300 1500 27
h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f
sfo{qmd
6 4000 4000 4000 4000 4500 20500 29
k|f/f+ufl/ v]lt k|jb{g 5 300 300 300 300 300 1500 28
glthf ^=
uflj; Pj+ g=kf= df
s[lif k|jw{g sfo{qmd
34 8500 8500 8500 8500 8500 42500 31
uflj; Pj+ g=kf= df
s[lif of]hgf tof/
34 200 200 300 700 30
glthf &=
s[lif ljdf sfo{s|ddf 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 10000 32
s[ifs ;d'x Pj+ ;xsf/L
k|jw{g
50 500 500 500 500 500 2500 33
lzt e08f/0f tyf
Ifdtf lj:tf/
1200
4500 5500 5500 6000 4500 26000 34
vfBfGg e08f/0f tyf
Ifdtf lj:tf/ d]=6=
1200
4500 4500 4500 5500 4500 19000 35
k'ik, kmnkm'n ;+sng
s]Gb| tyf t/sf/L ahf/
ljsf; -;+Vof_
6 4500 4500 4500 4500 4500 22500 36
glthf *=
ljifflbsf] Aoj:yfkg 570 8500 8500 8500 8500 8500 43070 39
/f;folgs dn 165 39500 49500 49500 49500 49500 239150 40
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
18
Aoj:yfkg 0
h}ljs dn Aoj:yfkg 900 5500 6500 6500 6500 6500 32400 44
s[ifs kf7zfnf
sfo{qmd
400 800 800 800 800 800 4400 43
s[ifs tfnLd PJ+f
cGt/lqmof / e|d0f
sfo{qmd -hgf_
450 2800 2800 2800 2800 2900 14550 42
sd{rf/L tflnd 41 500 500 500 500 500 2541 41
h}ljs dn Pj+ ljifflb
pTkfbg Pj+ tflnd
10 4000 4000 4000 4000 4500 20510 46
k|rf/, k|;f/, k|bz{gL
tyf k|sf;g
900 500 500 500 500 500 3400 45
s[lif oGq tyf ;fdfu|L
cg'bfg
500 9500 9500 9500 9500 9500 48000 38
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg 10 500 500 500 500 500 2510 37
hDdf 126150 141600 142520 146590 150750 707610
#=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
j:tLsf] df6f] kl/If0f Pj+
lb3{sflng of]hgf tof/
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s[lif afnLsf] ;+efAotf
cWoog
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
x/]s j:tLsf] df6f] kl/If0f Pj+
lb3{sflng of]hgf tof/
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
jif]{ tyf r}t] wfg ljh Pj+
pTkfbg a[l4 sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
ux'F pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
ds} pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
19
sf]bf] pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
ux'F pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf @=
;'Gtnf hft kmnkm'n lj:tf/
sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s]/f ptkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
cGo kmnkm'n ptkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf #=
dx pTkfbg a[l2 sfosd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
Rofpm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
df5f pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf $=
dx pTkfbg a[l2 sfosd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
Rofpm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
df5f pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
d;fnf afnLsf] pTkfbg a[l2
sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
lrofsf] pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
slkm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+ lhNnf s[lif lasf; s[lif ;]jf lh=la=;,
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
20
lh=lj=;= sfof{no, s[ifs s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
km"n pTkfbg tyf g;{/L
Aoa:yfkg sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
Aoa;flus km'nsf] pTkfbg lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf %=
s[lif ljdf k4lt nfu" lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
;'Gtnf ks]6 If]q lj:tf/
sfo{s|d
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s[lif sfo{stf{ tflnd lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
h}ljs ljljwtf sfo{qmd lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
k|f/f+ufl/ v]lt k|jb{g lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf ^=
uflj; Pj+ g=kf= df s[lif k|jw{g
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
uflj; Pj+ g=kf= df s[lif of]hgf
tof/
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
glthf &=
s[ifs ;d'x Pj+ ;xsf/L k|jw{g
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
lzt e08f/0f Ifdtf ljsf;
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
vfBfGg e08f/0f Ifdtf lj:tf/
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
k'ik, kmnkm'n tyf t/sf/L ahf/
ljsf;
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
21
glthf *
ljifflbsf] Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
/f;folgs dn Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
h}ljs dn Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s[ifs kf7zfnf sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s[ifs tfnLd PJ+f cGt/lqmof /
e|d0f sfo{qmd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
sd{rf/L tflnd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
h}ljs dn Pj+ ljifflb pTkfbg
Pj+ tflnd
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
s[lif oGq tyf ;fdfu|L ljt/0f
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
k|rf/, k|;f/, k|bz{gL tyf
k|sf;g
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
lh=s[=lj=sf= Pj+
lh=lj=;=
lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no, s[ifs
s[lif ;]jf
s]Gb|, s[ifs
;d'x, ;xsf/L
lh=la=;,
laleGg u}=;=;,
;xsf/Lx?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
22
#=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg
ug]{ ;do
cg'udg ug]{ ljlw k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
df6f] kl/If0f Pj+ lb3{sflng of]hgf
tof/
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s[lif afnLsf] ;+efAotf cWoog lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
jif]{ tyf r}t] wfg pTkfbg a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
jif]{ tyf r}t] wfg ljh Pj+ pTkfbg
a[l4 sfo{qmd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
ux'F pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
ds} pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
sf]bf] pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
ux'F pTkfbg ljh Pj+ a[l4 sfo{qmd lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg, k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @=
;'Gtnf hft kmnkm'n lj:tf/ sfo{s|d
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s]/f ptkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
23
cGo kmnkm'n ptkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf #=
dx pTkfbg a[l2 sfosd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
Rofpm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
df5f pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf $=
dx pTkfbg a[l2 sfosd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
Rofpm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
df5f pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
d;fnf afnLsf] pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
lrofsf] pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
slkm pTkfbg a[l2 sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
km"n pTkfbg tyf g;{/L Aoa:yfkg
sfo{s|d
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
Aoa;flus km'nsf] pTkfbg lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf %=
s[lif ljdf k4lt nfu" lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
;'Gtnf ks]6 If]q lj:tf/ sfo{s|d lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
24
ljefu
s[lif sfo{stf{ tflnd lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
h}ljs ljljwtf sfo{qmd lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
k|f/f+ufl/ v]lt k|jb{g lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf ^=
s[lif ljdf sfo{s|ddf
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s[ifs ;d'x Pj+ ;xsf/L k|jw{g
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
lzt e08f/0f Ifdtf ljsf;
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
vfBfGg e08f/0f Ifdtf lj:tf/
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
k'ik, kmnkm'n tyf t/sf/L ahf/
ljsf;
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf &=
s[ifs ;d'x Pj+ ;xsf/L k|jw{g
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
lzt e08f/0f Ifdtf ljsf;
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
vfBfGg e08f/0f Ifdtf lj:tf/
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
k'ik, kmnkm'n tyf t/sf/L ahf/
ljsf;
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
glthf *=
ljifflbsf] Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
/f;folgs dn Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=;ldlt, rf}dfl;s — lg/LIf0f lh=lj=;=,
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
25
lh=s[=lj=sf=
/ jflif{s — k|ult k|ltj]bg If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
h}ljs dn Aoj:yfkg
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s[ifs kf7zfnf sfo{qmd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s[ifs tfnLd PJ+f cGt/lqmof / e|d0f
sfo{qmd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
sd{rf/L tflnd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
h}ljs dn Pj+ ljifflb pTkfbg Pj+
tflnd
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
s[lif oGq tyf ;fdfu|L ljt/0f
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
k|rf/, k|;f/, k|bz{gL tyf k|sf;g
lh=s[=;ldlt,
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s
/ jflif{s
— lg/LIf0f
— k|ult k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;=,
If]=s[=lg=,s[lif
ljefu
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
26
kl/R5]b $
kz' ;]jf
$=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf kz'kfng tyf s[lif If]qn] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf sl/j Ps ltxfO{ / @ ltxfO{ hg;+VofnfO{ lhljsfsf]
cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf]n] o; If]qsf] of]ubfg ct'nlgo g} /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] xfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] vfB ;+k|QfnfO{
df}lns xssf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf], s[lifdf cfl>t ax';+Vos hgtfsf] cfly{s pGglt x'g] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf u/L
s[lifnfO{ pBf]usf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ gLltut k|fyldstf lbPsf] kfOG5 . To;} u/L s[lif If]qsf] ;du| ljsf;sf]
nflu @) jif]{ s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt ;d]t tof/ ePsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ;f]lx xf/fxfl/df kz'kfng If]qsf] ckl/d]o of]ubfg /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsb}g . o;
lhNnfdf kz'k+lIfsf] ljsf;df u};;x?, kz'kfns s[ifs ;d'xx?, cg';+wfgd'ns ;+:yfx?, ;/sf/L tyf lghL
;+:yfx? lqmoflzn /lx cfPsf 5g\ . ;x>fAbL ljsf; nIf, /fli6\o gLlt, lhNnfsf] gLlt, cfjZostf Pj+
k|fyldstf ;d]tsf] cfwf/df kz' tyf kz'hGo pTkfbg, Aofkf/df k|lt:kwf{, Aoj;flos/0f, oflGqlss/0f,
ljljlws/0fdf hf]8 lbb} ;/sf/L Pj+ lgHfL ;fem]bf/L ;d]tsf] ljsf;df Wofg lbOg] 5 . To:t} kz'k+lIf kfng
k]zfnfO{ ;Ddfghgs agfO{ cfo tyf /f]huf/L ;[hgf, vfB tyf kf]if0f ;'/Iff / cfly{s ?kdfGt/0fdf kz'k+lIf
kfng If]qsf] of]ubfg ug{ of] of]hgf s]lGb|t x'g]5 . o; lhNnfnfO{ d'ntM b'w tyf df;' / oL kbfy{df
cfwf/Lt pTkfbg, ljlqm / ljt/0fdf qmdzM cfTdlge{/ / bL3{sfndf lgof{ts lhNnfsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug'{
ckl/xfo{tf / ;+efAotf /x]sf] klg 5 .
$=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf ;fgf kz'kfng kmd{x? a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} 7'nf kmd{ sd ljsf; ePsf]n] ltgsf]
ljsf;df hf]8 lbg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . eljZodf df;', b'w cflbdf cfTdlge{/ lHfNnf agfO{ /fVg] ;+efjgf klg
/x]sf] 5 . h;sf nflu o'jfnfO{ cfsif{0f s;/L ug]{, ;'emfj M kz'kfngnfO{ Aoj;flos/0f / oflGqLsLs/0f
ul/ kz'hGo :j:y pTkfbg Pj+ h}ljs ;'/Iff / dfgj ;'/Iffdf ;d]t Wofg lbO{ ks]6 If]qx?sf] ljsf; ul/ b'w
Pj+ df;'df cfTdlge{/ aGg]tkm{ ;+efjgf o'Qm 9+un] cufl9 a9\g h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .
$=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
kz'k+lIfsf] pTkfbgdf :yfgLo
ahf/sf] pknAwtfdf a[l4 ePsf]
kz' k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] pknAwtf
a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf]
kz'kfngdf lghLIf]qsf] a9\bf]
;+nUgtfsf] cj:yf /x]sf]
kz' If]qdf ;xsf/Ls/0f Pj+
;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lbgfg'lbg a9]sf]
kxfl8 ef}uf]lns cj:yfn] 8fn] 3fF;
tyf e"O{ 3fF; v]lt ul/ 3fF;df
cfwf/Lt kz'kfngnfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ldn]sf]
gZn ;'wf/sf] nflu s[lqd uef{wfg
sfo{qmd tyf b'wfn' ufO{sf] a+z
cj;/
lghL If]qdf ;d]t+ kz' k|fljlws pTkfbg
ePsf
kz'k+lIfhGo pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a[l4
ul/ df;' Pj+ b'wdf cfTdlge{/tfdf 6]jf
k'/\ofpg ;lsg]
:yfgLo lgsfon] o; If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg
z'?
kz'hGo pBf]usf] :yfkgf tyf lj:tf/ ug{
;lsg]
;/sf/sf] C0f gLltsf sf/0f hgtfnfO{
C0fsf] cj;/ a[l4 ePsf]
ko{6gd'lv kz'k+lzIf ljsf;sf] k|r'/ ;+efjgf
ePsf]
kz' k+lIfsf kmd{ ljsf; / 7"nf kmd{df
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
27
;'wf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
sf:sLsf] dflyNnf] pRr kxfl8
If]qdf Aofks r/g If]q /x]sf]
kz'hGo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vofdf
a[l4
kz'hGo kbfy{x?sf] pkef]udf a[l4
oflGqLlss/0fsf] k|;:t ;+efjgf ePsf]
lghL If]qdf kz':jf:Yo k|fljlws k9fpg]
;+:yf vf]Ng'
kz' ljdfsf] Aoj:yf
sdhf]/ kIf
kz' k+lIf k|fljlws hgzlQm l;ldt
?kdf /x]sf]
kz'k+lIf kfng If]qdf ;/sf/L If]qsf]
Go"g nufgLsf] cj:yf /x]sf]
:ki6 P]g tyf gLltsf] cefj /
ePsf] sfg"gsf] klg sfof{Gjog
k|efjsf/L gx'g'
pTkfbgsf] nfut a9\bf] /x]sf]
;dfh4f/f kz'kfng k]zfnfO{
;Ddflgt gdflgg'
:ki6 e"pkof]u gLlt gx'Fbf :yflkt
kmd{ lj:yflkt x'g] cj:yf cfpg'
pGgt 3fF;sf ljpm ljhgsf] >f]t
s]Gb|sf] cefj
r'gf}lt
jftfj/0fLo kl/jt{gnfO{ /f]ls jf cg's'ng
x'g] ul/ kz'k+lIf kfng ug]{
o'jfju{sf] ljb]z knfognfO{ /f]ls kz'kfng
sfo{df nufpg'
kz'k+lIfsf ;+qmds /f]ux?sf] lgoGq0f ug]{
o'jfnfO{ kz'kfngdf nufpg]
kof{Kt df;' pTkfbg ug{ g;Sbf g]kfnL d'b|f
ljb]lzg'
cfoft a[l4, cfTdlge{/tf x'g]
$=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
kz'kfng Aoj;fonfO{ Aoj;flos/0f, cfw'lgsLs/0f, oflGqls/0f / k|ljlwo'Qm agfO{ kz'hGo pTkfbgdf pNn]Vo
?kdf cfTdlge{/tftkm{ pGd'v lHfNnf ePsf] x'g]5 .
$=% p4]Zo
pGgt gZn Pa+ pGgt k|lawLsf] k|of]u ul/ Aoj;flos kz'kfng dfkm{t lhNnfjf;Lsf] lhjg:t/df ;'wf/
Nofpg] .
$=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M pGgt
gZn Pa+ pGgt
k|lawLsf] k|of]u
ul/ Aoj;flos
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
pg pTkfbg *=@ (=!
df;' pTkfbg &*@@ !!^
&&
b'w pTkfbg ^^%% (%$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kz';]jf sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
28
kz'kfng dfkm{t
lhNnfjf;Lsf]
lhjg:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] .
) %(
c08f pTkfbg @!^!
#
#)$
$%
glthf ! M
kz'x?sf] gZn
;'wf/ u/L
pGgt / :j:Yo
kz'x?sf]
;+Vofdf j[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[ltd uef{wfg
-ufO{, e};L tyf
afv|f_ ;+Vof
!%$!
$
@)#$
)
pGgt ufO{
;+Vof
!$*
%%
!*&$
%
pGgt e};L
;+Vof
#()
*#
$#*%
)
pGgt afv|f
;+Vof
!$&
)%
@))(
)
pGgt e]8f
;+Vof
#((& %!!%
pGgt
aFu'/⁄;'Fu'/
;+Vof
*!#$ !$#)
%
pGgt s'v'/f
;+Vof
!@^%
^^(
!#(!$
!
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kz';]jf sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
3fF;, bfgf,
cg'bfg Pj+
;fdfuL sf]
pknAwtf eO{
kz'hGo
pTkfbg /
pTkfbsTjdf
j[l4 ePsf] x'g]5
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
kz' r/g If]q x]= @%#^
^
@%#^^
8fn] 3fF;sf] If]q
c08f pTkfbg @!^!
#
#)$$
%
pg pTkfbg *=@ (=!
df;' pTkfbg &*@@ !!^&&
b'w pTkfbg ^^%%
)
(%$%
(
c08f pTkfbg @!^!
#
#)$$
%
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kz';]jf sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf #M
;+nUg ls;fg,
;+3 ;+:yfsf]
Ifdtf ljsf;
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ls;fg ;d'x ;+Vof !)# !#%
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kz';]jf sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
29
Pj+ kz'hGo
a:t'sf]
ahf/Ls/0fdf
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
kz' If]q;+u cfa4
;xsf/L ;+Vof
@^ #^
kz' If]qdf sfd
ug]{ u};;
( !)
Aoa;flos kz'
k|a4{g tflnd
k|fkt s[ifs ;+Vof
!)) !%)
d'No >[vnf tyf
ahf/Ls/0f tflnd
k|fTt s[ifs ;+Vof
%) !!)
lhNnf :t/df
cu'jf s[ifs
tflnd k|fKt s[ifs
;+Vof
$#) %%)
# dlxg] u|f=k=:jf=
sfo{stf{ tflnd
k|fKt ;+Vof
!))
hgf
!%)
hgf
u|f=k=:jf= sfo{stf{
;+Vof
** !!)
b'Ub ;+sng s]Gb| #& $@
v;L Pj+ /fFuf
ahf/ s]Gb| ;+Vof
# $
ePdf
glthf g+ $
ljif]z kz' ks]6
If]qdf lj;tf/
eO kz' kfng
If]qsf]
Aoa;foLs/0fdf
a[l2 ePsf] x'g]5
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
e};L ks]6 If]q !( @!
e};Lsf] kmfd{ ;+Vof !!# !^)
ufO{ ks]6 If]q !% !&
ufO{sf] kmfd{ ;+Vof *# !!%
afv|f ks]6 If]q !( @%
afv|fsf] kmfd{ ;+Vof && *(
e]+8f ks]6 If]q % %
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kz';]jf sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
30
e]8fsf] kmfd{ ;+Vof !% !&
a+u'/ ks]6 If]q @ #
a+u'/sf] kmfd{ ;+Vof #^ $*
$=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
kz'hGo pTkfbgsf] nfut d"No 36fpg 3fF; ljsf; tyf gZn ;'wf/ sfo{qmd k|fyldstf;fy nlug]5
.
s[ifsx?df ;Lk x:tfGt/0f4f/f cfw'lgs kz'kfng k4ltsf] ljsf; ub}{ n}hfg] gLlt lnOg]5 .
kz'hGo kbfy{sf] jhf/Ls/0f tyf pTkfbg ljljlws/0f sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
kz'kfng If]qsf] ljsf;df s[ifs ;d'x, ;ldlt, ;xsf/L, u}x| ;xsf/L ;+:yf / :yfgLo lgsfox?;+u
;fem]bf/L ul/g]5 .
blnt, hghflt, dlxnf tyf ljkGg ju{df ljz]if k|fyldstfsf ;fy sfo{qmd n}hfg] gLlt lnOg]5 .
lhNnfnfO{ b'Uw tyf b'UwhGo kbfy{df cfTdlge{/ agfpg 8]l/ ks]6 sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy
cufl8 a9fOg] 5 .
kz'wgsf] Iflt Go"lgs/0fsf nflu /f]u lgoGq0f vf]k sfo{qmd tyf kz':jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfngdf hf]8
lbOg]5 .
u'0f:t/Lo kz'hGo pTkfbgsf] nflu :j:Yj / Aojl:yt kz'kfngnfO{ k|f]t;flxt ub}{ nlug]5 .
$=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|yld
stf s|d
glthf !=
kz' :jf:Yo
sfo{qmd
2400 2075 5075 5105 3400 18055
10
kz' g:n ;'wf/
sfo{qmd
1455 1460 1535 1670 1690 7810
8
s[lqd uef{wfg
sfo{qmd
600 600 600 650 700 3150
9
glthf @=
kz' pTkfbg, 2500 23000 23500 24500 25000 98500 1
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
31
k|zf]wg / cfxf/f
sfo{qmd
glthf #=
tfnLd uf]li7
;+rfng tyf s[ifs
e|d0f -k6s_
500 1650 2650 2700 2750 10250
3
;"rgf k|;f/ /
k|sfzg
300 300 300 300 300 1500
6
kz' jhf/ k|j4{g
sfo{qmd
615 657 764 850 840 3726 7
Joj;flostf k|j4{g 1200 1250 1250 1250 1250 6200 5
cg'udg Pj+
d"Nofsg
200 200 200 200 200 1000
4
Glthf $=
ks]6 Kofs]h
lj:tf/ tyf k|a4{g
sfo{qmd
4350 4700 5000 5560 6045 25655
1
kz' kmd{ k|jw{g
sfo{qmd
2500 23000 24300 24500 25500 99800 2
hDdf 16620 58892 65174 67285 67675 275646
$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
kz' :jf:Yo sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= k|O{e]6 kf/fe]6x? lh=lj=;=, u};;
kz' k|hgg sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= x]km/ O{G6/g]zn,
Pu|f]e]6
lh=lj=;=, lghL
;+:yf
s[lqd uef{wfg sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
glthf @=
kz' pTkfbg Pj+ k|zf]wg
sfo{qmd
lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
kz' cfxf/f sfo{qmd
glthf #=
tfnLd uf]li7 ;+rfng lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
;"rgf k|;f/ / k|sfzg lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
kz' jhf/ k|j4{g sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
Joj;flostf k|j4{g lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
32
cg'udg Pj+ d"Nofsg lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
glthf $=
ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
kz' kmd{ k|jw{g sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf= lh=k=;]=sf= P=Pr=6L=l;=P;= lh=lj=;=, u};;
$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{ ;do cg'udg ug]{ ljlw k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
kz' :jf:Yo sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
kz' k|hgg sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
s[lqd uef{wfg sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
glthf @=
kz' pTkfbg Pj+ k|zf]wg
sfo{qmd
lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
kz' cfxf/f sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
glthf #=
tfnLd uf]li7 ;+rfng lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
;"rgf k|;f/ / k|sfzg lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
kz' jhf/ k|j4{g sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
Joj;flostf k|j4{g lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
glthf $=
ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
kz' kmd{ k|jw{g sfo{qmd lh=k=;]=sf=,
lh=lj=;=
dfl;s ,
rf}dfl;s, jflif{s
lg/LIf0f,
k|ltj]bg cWoog
If]=k=;]=lg=/k=;]=
lj= /lh=lj=;=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
33
kl/R5]b %
l;+rfO{ ljsf;
%=! e'ldsf
xfd|f] b]zsf] s'n If]qkmndWo] sl/j @^ nfv $! xhf/ x]S6/ s[lifof]Uo hldg ePsf], h;df ef}uf]lns ljs6tf
Pj+ hldgsf] cjl:yltsf sf/0f sl/j !& nfv ^^ xh/df x]S6/df dfq l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'/\ofpg ;lsg]
dflgPsf] 5 . t/ xfn !@ nfv %) x]S6/df dfq l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf], h;df klg afx|}df; l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf
k'u]sf] hldg w]/} sd /x]sf] 5 . l;+rfO{ If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:t/sf] If]qdf k/fk"j{sfnb]lv ls;fg cfkm}n] /
vf;ul/ of]hgfa4 ljsf;sf] yfngL kl5 ;/sf/n] klg nufgL ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ufpF ufpFdf l;+rfO{ s'nfx?, gx/x?sf] k|f?k aGb} cfPsf] klg kfOG5 . lhNnfdf klg
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g cfP kl5 of]hgfa4 ?kdf :yfgLo lgsfox?n] klg l;+rfO{ If]qsf] ljsf;df nufgL
ub}{ cfPsf] 5g\ . :yfgLo:t/df pknAw gbLgfnf, e"ldut Pj+ jiff{tsf] kfgL ;+sng ug]{ u/L ;fgf, demf}nf
tyf 7'nf l;+rfO{ ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ . h;af6 s[lifsf] ljsf;df ;d]t pNn]Vo 6]jf k'usf] 5 .
%=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf sl/j !@!*@ x]S6/ If]qkmn s[lif e"lddf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf] 5, / kl5Nnf] tLg jif{df %% j6f
s'nfx?sf] dd{t ;+ef/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . gu/kfnLsf If]qdf ePsf gx/ Pj+ s'nfx?sf] pkof]u sd x'b} uPsf],
v]ltof]Uo hldgx? 3/ 38]/L k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ePsf] 5 . t/ ufpF ufpFdf df};ld l;+rfO{ ug]{ s'nfx?
eP klg e/kbf{ / 7'nf s'nfx? aGgdf sd k|fyldstf kb}{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 .
qm=;+= ljj/0f )^*.)^( )&).&!
! s'n cfjflb dWo] l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf] If]q -x]=_ !!(&) !@!*@
@ 7'nf s'nfx?sf] dd{t ;+ef/ ;+Vof %) %%
t;y{, cj 7'nf l;+rfO{ cfo]fhgfsf] ljsf;, zx/L If]qsf s'nf Pj+ gx/sf] s] cj:yf x'g] eGg] lgSof}{n ul/
pkof]lutf a9fpg] s'/fdf Wofg lbg' kb{5 . To;} ul/ yf]kf l;+rfO{, ;fgf l;+rfO{, lnkm\6 l;+rfO{ h:tfM
j}slNks pkfox?sf] ;d]t ljsf; ul/ l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf ljsf; / lj:tf/ ub}{ lhNnfsf] s[lif Pj+ ;du| If]qsf]
ljsf;df 6]jf k'/\ofpg' kg]{ h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 . s[lifof]Uo e"lddf afx|} dlxgf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'/\ofO{ pTkfbg
tyf pTkfbsTj a[l4 ug]{ / lhNnfdf pknAw hn>f]tsf] ;d'lrt pkof]u u/L l;+rfO{ If]qsf] ax'p4]lZoo tyf
lbuf] ljsf;4f/f s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'/ofpg] sfo{ cj pRr k|fyldstfdf kg'{ l9nf ug'{ x'b}g .
%=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
hn>f]tsf] k|r'/tf /x]sf]n] l;+rfO{
lj:tf/ ePsf]
k|;:t v]ltof]Uo hldg /x]sf]
jiff{tsf] kfgLsf] lgsf; ;xh
cj;/x?
tfntn}of, vf]nf ;+/If0f
hn>f]tsf] kof{Kt ePsf]n] l;+rfO{ ug{
;lsg]
s[lifdf Aoj;flosLs/0f u/]/ /f]huf/L /
cfo cfh{gdf a[l4 ug{ ;lsg]
glbx?sf] lgoGq0f ePdf hldgsf] jl9
pkof]u ug{ ;lsg]
sdhf]/ kIf
hn>f]tsf] Aofks pkof]u ug{
g;lsPsf]
lhNnf el/ afx} dlxgf l;+rfO{
;'ljwf gePsf]
r'gf}lt
lHfNnfe/ e/kbf]{ l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'/\ofpg]
jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
kfgLsf >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
34
hnpTkGGf k|sf]k lgoGq0fsf]
nflu ef}uf]lns ljs6tf sfod}
/xg'
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf
lgsf;f gx'g'
l;+lrt e"lddf ltj| zx/Ls/0f x'g'
l;+lrt If]qdf klg afx|}df; v]lt
gx'g'
%=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
sf:sL lhNnfdf ljBdfg hn>f]tsf] k|efjsf/L pkof]u u/L l;rfOof]Uo hdLgdf jif}{ e/L l;rfO{ ;]jf lj:tf/
ePsf] x'g]5 .
%=% p4]Zo
l;+rfO{sf] lj:tf/jf6 s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0fdf 6]jf k'/\ofO{ s[lif pTkfbg / pTkfbgTjsf j[l4 u/L hgtfsf]
lhjg:t/ dflYf p7fpg] .
%=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
l;+rfO{sf]
lj:tf/jf6
s[lifsf]
Joj;foLs/0fdf
6]jf k'/\ofO{ s[lif
pTkfbg /
pTkfbgTjsf
j[l4 u/L
hgtfsf]
lhjg:t/ dflYf
p7fpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
jfx} dlxgf l;+rfO{
;'ljwf
!@@$
(
!#@
))
df};dL l;+lrt
If]=km= -x]=_
!$&!
^
!$(
$!
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–l;+rfO{ l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !M
l;+lrt hUufsf]
If]qkmn lj:tf/
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
l;+lrt If]qkmn-x]=_ @^&%
&
@^(
))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–l;+rfO{ l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
35
jfx} dlxgf l;+rfO{
;'ljwf
!@@$
(
!#@
))
df};dL l;+lrt
If]=km= -x]=_
!$&!
^
!$(
$!
glthf @ M ;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
l;+rfO{ s'nf dd{t
;+Vof
!@@$
(
!#@
))
gofF l;+rfO{ s'nf
gx/ ;+Vof
@% %)
yf]kf Pj+ ;fgf
l;+rfO{
!#) @#)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–l;+rfO{ l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
%=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
hg;xeflutfd'Nfs l;+rfO{ of]hgfx?sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
kfgLsf] >f]tsf] sld Pj+ kmnkm'n, t/sf/L h:tf gub] jfnLx?sf] k|r'/ ;+efjgfo'Qm :yfgx?df kfOk,
kf]v/L, l:k|+sn h:tf l;+rfO{ k|ljlwsf] lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf ePsf] If]qnfO{ l;+lrt If]q 3f]if0f u/L u}x|s[lif k|of]hgsf nflu lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .
l;+rfO{ k|0ffnLsf] bLuf] ;+rfng / Aoj:yfkgsf] nflu hn pkef]Qmf ;ldlt nfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg
clgafo{ ?kdf ;]jfz'Ns p7fpg] Pj+ ;]jfz'Ns lt/]kl5 dfq dfnkf]t b:t'/ p7fpg] k|efjsf/L Aoj:yf
ldnfpg :yfgLo lgsfo / dfnkf]t sfof{nojLr ;dGjo lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
bLuf] hn Aoj:yfkgsf nflu hn pkef]Qmf ;d'xsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf clea[l4 ul/g]5 .
%=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/df0f ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|yldstf
s|d
glthf !=
l;+rfO{ s'nf dd{t
;+Vof
100 5500 36400 46540 57500 57600 203640 1
gofF l;+rfO{ s'nf
gx/ ;+Vof
50 45000 247500 259650 257650 357850 1167700 4
yf]kf Pj+ ;fgf
l;+rfO{ of]hgf
200 2500 14500 15350 15630 15240 63420 2
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
36
kf]v/L lgdf{0f
;+Vof 60 1500 8150 11600 11550 11650 44510 3
hDdf 54500 306550 333140 342330 442340 1479270
%=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
l;+rfO{ s'nf dd{t ;+Vof
lh=lj=;=, g=kf=,
uf=lj=;=
lhNNff l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
pkef]Qmf,
gful/s
;dfh
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
gofF l;+rfO{ s'nf gx/ ;+Vof
lh=lj=;=, g=kf=,
uf=lj=;=
lhNNff l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
pkef]Qmf,
gful/s
;dfh
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
yf]kf Pj+ ;fgf l;+rfO{
lh=lj=;=, g=kf=,
uf=lj=;=
lhNNff l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
pkef]Qmf,
gful/s
;dfh
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
%=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
l;+rfO{ s'nf dd{t ;+Vof
lhlj;, lhNNff
l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, tfn's
ljefu, :yfgLo
lgsfo
gofF l;+rfO{ s'nf gx/ ;+Vof
lhlj;, lhNNff
l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, tfn's
ljefu, :yfgLo
lgsfo
yf]kf Pj+ ;fgf l;+rfO{
lhlj;, lhNNff
l;+rfO{
l8lehg Pj+
lh=s[=lj=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, tfn's
ljefu, :yfgLo
lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
37
kl/R5]b ^
ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt ljsf;
^=! e'ldsf
g]kfnsf] gofF ko{6g gLlt, ko{6g jf]8{, cfly{s s'6gLlt / oxFfsf] cg'kd k|fs[lts Pj+ ;f+s[lts ;+kbfsf sf/0f
g]kfn ljZj ko{6gsf] Ps cfsif{s :yn aGb} u/]sf] 5 . e"agf]6sf sf/0f l;lh{t ljZjs} cl4lto k|fs[lts
tyf h}ljs ;+kbfx? / P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts ;+kbfx?s]f klxrfg, ;+/If0f / k|aw{gaf6 ko{6g If]qsf]
ljsf; / lj:tf/ u/L k|fKt k|ltkmnnfO{ Gofof]lrt tl/sfn] u|fld0ftx;Dd ko{6g If]qsf] ljljlws/0f, ljsf; /
lj:tf/ ug]{ k|of; eO{ cfPsf] klg 5 .
gofF ko{6lso :yn / pkhx?sf] klxrfg tyf k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; u/L ko{6g If]qdf o; lhNnfnfO{ yk
cfsif{s :ynsf] ?kdf g]kfnd} :yfkLt u/fpg] ;+efjgf ;d]t /x]sf] 5, / o; of]hgfn] To; tkm{ s]lGb|t
ug]{tkm{ th'{df ug]{ hdsf]{ u/]sf] 5 .
^=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
ko{6g If]qnfO{ o; lhNnfdf cem ltj|t/ ljsf; / lj:tf/ u/L lHfNnfafl;x?sf] hLjg:t/ ;'wf/, /f]huf/L
l;h{gf, ko{6g If]qsf] nfe u|fld0f hgtf ;d]tdf k'/ofO{ lhNnfsf] ;d[l4sf] d'n cfwf/sf ?kdf :yfkLt ug'
ckl/xfo{ ag]sf] 5 .
ko{6g k"jf{wf/, ko{6g k|jw{g / ko{6lso ultljlwx?sf] ljljlws/0f tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ gLlt lnOP cg'?kdf o;
lhNnfdf ko{6g k"jf{wf/ / o;sf] ljsf; ePsf] klg 5 . ko{6lso d]nf, pT;j, cflbaf6 cfGtl/s ko{6g
k|jw{g, ko{6gnfO{ u|fld0ftx;Dd k'/\ofpg xf]d:6]sf] k|jw{g, ;r]tgfd'ns tfnLd h:tf sfo{c? klg eO{
cfPsf] 5 .
lHfNnfsf] ko{6lso ;+efjgfx?nfO{ phfu/ ug{, ;Gt'lnt ?kdf ko{6lso ;Dkbfx?sf] klxrfg, ljsf; / k|jw{g
ug{ kl5Nnf k|of; ;fem]bf/Lo'Qm Pj+ ;femf k|of;sf ?Kfdf klg cufl9 a9fOPsf] b]lvG5 . ko{6snfO{ :j:y
dgf]/Ghg lbg xf]6nx?sf] klg ljsf; / lj:tf/ eO{ cfPsf] 5 .
;du|df, ko{6ssf] ;+Vof a[l4, ko{6ssf] j;fO{ cjlw a9fpg], ko{6ssf] vr{ a9fpg], u'0f:t/Lo ko{6s
leqfpg], cfGt/Ls ko{6g k|jw{g ug]{, /f]huf/L a[l4, ko{6g h:t} s]jnsf/ cflbsf] ljsf; ug{ lghL, ;/sf/L,
u}/;/sf/L ;fem]bf/L ljsf; ug]{, xf]d:6] Pj+ 6\]ls+u ?6sf] ljsf; ul/ u|fld0f ko{6gsf] ljsf; ug]{, kof{ko{6g,
s[lif ko{6g, v]n ko{6g, :jf:Yo ko{6g, wfld{s ko{6g, ;fxl;s dgf]/Ghg ko{6g h:tf sfo{ dfkm{t ko{6gsf]
ljljlws/0f ug{ o; of]hgfn] Wofg lbg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
^=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
k|fs[lts, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s >f]tx?sf]
k|r'/tf
ko{6gd'lv ;/sf/L gLlt / k|fyldstf
ko{6gsf] u'?of]hgf ag]sf]
ljljwtfjLrsf] Pstf
cfly{s cj:yfdf 6]jf k'/\ofPsf]
k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tf
cj;/
/f]huf/L a9fpg ;lsg]
hgtfsf] cfo:t/ psf:g ;lsg]
ljZj jGw'Tj a9fpg ;lsg]
;+:s[ltsf] k|jw{g ug{ ;lsg]
afXo ko{6s ;Fu} cfGt/Ls ko{6snfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{
sdhf]/ kIf
/fhg}lts cl:y/tf
aGb x8tfn e}/xg'
r'gf}lt
aGb, x8tfn x'g] k|j[lQnfO{ /f]Sg]
ko{6s lzIffsf] k|rf/ ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
38
ck"0f{ gLlt /x]sf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] sld / ePsf] hgzlQmsf]
knfog x'g'
ko{6g k|jw{gsf] sld
xjfO{ oftfoftsf] e/kbf]{kgf / kof{Kttf a9fpg]
ko{6g k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo lgliqmo x'g'
^=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
sf:sL kf]v/f g]kfns} k|d'v ko{6lso /fhwfgLsf] ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] x'g]5 .
^=% p4]Zo
sf:sL lhNnfnfO{ ljZj dfglrqdf cfsif{s, /dl0fo, ;'/lIft Pj+ ;fxl;s ko{6lso uGtAo:ynsf] ?kdf ljsf; ub}{
;+VofTds / u'0ffTds ko{6gsf] ljsf; Pj+ k|jw{g u/L lhNNffaf;Lsf] cfo Pj+ /f]huf/L a9fpb} hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df
kl/jt{g ug]{ .
^=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
sf:sL lhNnfnfO{
ljZj dfglrqdf
cfsif{s, /dl0fo,
;'/lIft Pj+
;fxl;s
ko{6lso
uGtAo:ynsf]
?kdf ljsf; ub}{
;+VofTds /
u'0ffTds
ko{6gsf] ljsf;
Pj+ k|jw{g u/L
lhNNffaf;Lsf]
cfo Pj+ /f]huf/L
a9fpb} hgtfsf]
hLjg:t/df
kl/jt{g ug]{ .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ko{6gdf ;+nUg
/f]huf/L -hgf_ $())
!)())
ko{6s cfudg
;+Vof
$^!%
(*
*%)
)))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M
ko{6g If]qaf6
cfo /f]huf/L
j[lb u/L
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ko{6gdf ;+nUg $())
!)())
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
39
lhNnfjf;Lsf]
hLjg:t/ ;'wf/
x'g]5
/f]huf/L -hgf_
ko{6s cfudg
;+Vof
$^!%
(*
*%)
)))
ko{6g a|f08 tof/,
k|rf/ k|;f/
cleofg / dxf]T;j
@ $
ko{6gsf] j;fO{
cjlw-lbg_
@ #
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;xsfo{
ePdf
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
ko{6sLo
k"jf{wf/sf]
pNn]Vo j[lb
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cGt/fli6o If]qLo
ljdfg:yn
) !
kbdfu{ ;+Vof !* @!
aGhL hDkLË
:yn
! #
s]jnsf/ :yfg ) @
Sofgf]Ë :yn ! @
hLk km\noP/ !
af}4 uGtJo:yn ! @
Kof/fUnfO8LË
;+Vof
%# ^#
cN6fnfO6 , kfj/
UnfO8/
$ %
ko{6sLo
Osf]6'l/Hd kfs{
) %
lrl8ofvfgf ) !
ko{6s j;kfs{ ! !
dgf]/d :yn ) !
ko{6lso
;+u|xfno
! !
;f+:s[lts
;+u|xfno
$ ^
/s SnfO{DaLË ! #
ko{6g If]q, Eo"
6fj/
& !@
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf # M
u|fdL0f ko{6gsf]
ljsf; lj:tf/
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
xf]d :6] :yn !! #)
cfktsfnLg
ko{6s p4f/
) (
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
40
;ldlt
lxdfn cf/f]x0f /
SofDk -ABC) @ @
ko{6g k|x/L rf}sL
:yfkgf
# %
u|fdL0f If]qdf
7'nf ko{6s xf]6n
a]8 ;FVof
!%) @&)
glthf $ M
tfnx?sf]
;F/If0f, ljsf;,
lj:tf/,
;f}Gbo{s/0f Pj+
hn>f]thGo
ko{6g ljsf;
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
/\ofkm6LË :yn @ #
sfoflsË ) !
jf6/ kfs{
;Frfng
) !
tfnx?sf] ;F/If0f,
lj:tf/, ;Ldfs+g,
;f}Gbo{s/0f
) (
;ft tfnsf]
6«ofs
) !
jf6/ an ;Frfng ! @
jf6/ ;fO{SnLË ! @
tfn j/k/ km'6
6«ofs
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf % M
ko{6g If]qsf
;+:yf Pj+
hgzlQmsf]
Ifdtf / l;k
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;+nUg
hgzlQmnfO{
tflnd
!@ #)
ko{6g kl/ifb
! !
xf]6n Pj+ ko{6g
lzIff cWoog
6«fen
Ph]G;Lx?sf]
;Ghfn
! !
6«]sLË Ph]G;L
x?sf] ;+hfn
;FVof
! !
/]:6'/]G6
;+:yfx?sf]
;Ghfn
! !
ko{6g u'?of]hgf
cBfjlws ! !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
41
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn
tof/ ) !
glthf ^ M
ko{6sLo
j:t'sf]
ljljwLs/0f /
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sf];]nL 3/ ! @
s[lif ko{6g tyf
cuf{lgs len]h
) !
u'kmfx? $ *
x:tsnf s]Gb| ) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf & M
;+:s[lts ;+kbf
Pj+ ;f+:s[lts
ko{6gsf]
ljsf;, k|jb{g
/ ;+/If0f ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
dlGb/ Pj+ u'Djf
;+/If0f / dd{t
!) %)
dl:hb PJ+f rr{
;+/If0f / dd{t
% &
u'Gb|'s, ;'s'l6 ;fu,
d:of}/f cflb
Kofls+u / ljt/0f
s]Gb|
) #
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–ko{6g sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
^=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
sf:sL kf]v/f ko{6gsf] a|fl08+u ug]{ / If]lqo Pj+ cGt//fli6\o hutdf o;sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ u/L
;+VofTds PJf+ u'0f:t/Lo ko{6gsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ko{6lso k'jf{wf/sf] ljsf; aftfj/0fd}qL Pj+ ko{6gd}qL 9+un] ko{6gsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
k|fs[lts, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxf;Ls, k'/ftflTjs Pj+ ef}uf]lns gofF ko{6lso uGtAo :ynx?sf]
vf]hL, ljsf; / k|jw{g ul/g]5 .
cGgk"0f{ kbdfu{ Pj+ eO/x]sf]kbdfu{sf] :t/f]Gglt, ;+/If0f Pj+ ;'/lIft agfpg] / gofF kbdfu{ ljsf;
ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
ko{6ssf] cf}ift a;fO{ cjlw nDjfpg] Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo ko{6ssf] ljsf; ug]{ sfo{nfO{ pRr k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
cfGtl/s Pj+ jfXof ko{6gsf] ljsf; ug]{ /0fgLlt c+lusf/ ul/g]5 .
lghL If]qsf] cu'jfO{df ko{6gsf] yk ljsf; ug{ jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{tkm{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
ko{6gsf] ljsf;df :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;, gful/s ;dfh lghLIf]q Pj+ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, ;xsf/L /
;/sf/L ;+:yf ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{, ;dGjo / ;fe]mbf/L a[l4 ul/g]5 .
zflGt Pj+ :yfloTjsf] k|ab{g ug{ jsfnt Pj+ k}/lj ul/g]5 .
ko{6g If]qdf ;+nUg dfgljo Pj+ :f+:yfut ljsf; ul/g]5 .
u|fld0f ko{6gsf] ljsf; ug{ xf]d :6]sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfo{?k lbOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
42
ko{6lso If]q,:yn, ;Dkbf, k/Dk/fut snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / gofF ko{6lso :ynsf] vf]lh /
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ko{6gaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO{ u|fdL0f ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;d'bfo :t/df vr{ ug{ k|f]T;flxt
ul/g]5 .
ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu ;fd'bflos ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
ko{6g ljsf;sf nflu lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutf Pj+ nufgL cfsif{0f ug]{ / ;f] cg's"nsf gLltx?sf]
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ko{6g If]qsf cfjZostfx? clwstd ?kdf :yfgLo:t/af6} cfk"lt{ ug{] gLlt lnOg]5 .
^=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf ah]6
k|yld
stf
s|d
glthf !=
ko{6gdf /f]huf/L tflnd 520 1550 5750 5900 12100 12000 37300 8
ko{6g Aojf;o Pj+
xf]d :6] tflnd 350 1450 2490 2510 560 2540 9550
7
gofF gofF ko{6lso
:ynsf] vf]lh / lj:tf/ 30 91400 252000 352200 453200 452600 1601400
9
ko{6g j|f08 ljsf;,
k|rf/ k|;f/, cleofg Pj+
dxf]T;j
4 2550 2550 2550 2550 2550 12750 10
glthf @=
cGt/fli6o If]qLo
ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f ! 5000000 6000000 6000000 9000000 900000 26900000
11
kbdfu{ dd{t / ljsf; @! 1200 2000 2000 2300 2100 9600 12
aGhL hDkLË :yn
ljsf; # 2500 3000 4000 3000 2500 15000
13
s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f @ 85500 80000 75000 52000 90000 382500 15
Sofgf]Ë k|jw{g @ 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150 14
hLk km\noP/ k|jw{g 260 650 870 730 500 3010 16
ljZj zflGt :t'kf, af}4
uGtJo:yn ljsf; @ 130 300 300 300 400 1430
17
Kof/fUnfO8LË :k6
ljsf; ^# 500 1400 1200 3000 4300 10400
19
cN6fnfO6 , kfj/
UnfO8/ sf] Aoj:yfkg % 5040 56560 58700 12500 12060 144860
20
ko{6sLo Osf]6'l/Hd
kfs{ % 9250 21540 211600 231200 123800 597390
18
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
43
lrl8ofvfgf ! 930 8100 82000 915000 5050 1011080 22
ko{6s j;kfs{ ! 2200 92800 90200 93840 93700 372740 21
dgf]/d :yn lgdf{0f ! 300 400 2500 6400 1250 10850 24
ko{6lso ;+u|xfno ! 100 4500 2620 2810 2950 12980 23
;f+:s[lts ;+u|xfno ^ 0 2200 7800 6590 2540 19130 25
/s SnfO{DaLË lgdf{0f # 0 500 1050 750 650 2950 28
ko{6g If]q lgdf{0f tyf
lj:tf/ Pj+ Eo"6fj/
lgdf{0f
!@ 9930 58100 82000 915000 55050 1120080
26
glthf #=
xf]d :6] :yn ljsf; #) 50 540 600 1200 800 3190 27
cfktsfnLg ko{6s
p4f/ ;ldlt lgdf{0f ( 500
30
lxdfn cf/f]x0f /
SofDk -ABC) Aoj:yfkg
@ 130 300 300 300 400 1430
29
ko{6g k|x/L rf}sL
:yfkgf % 260 650 870 730 500 3010
31
u|fdL0f If]qdf 7'nf
ko{6s xf]6n lj:tf/ @&) 0 1152200 2257800 226590 2442540 6079130
30
glthf $=
/\ofkm6LË :yn # 260 650 870 730 500 3010 36
sfoflsË ! 260 650 870 730 500 3010 34
jf6/ kfs{ ;Frfng ! 1000 35
tfnx?sf] ;F/If0f,
lj:tf/, ;Ldfs+g,
;f}Gbo{s/0f
( 9930 28100 282000 915000 95050 1330080
33
;ft tfnsf] 6«ofs ! 1930 8100 82000 915000 5050 1012080 32
jf6/ an ;Frfng @ 260 650 870 730 500 3010 37
jf6/ ;fO{SnLË @ 260 650 870 730 500 3010 38
tfn j/k/ km'6 6«ofs ! 1930 8100 82000 915000 5050 1012080 39
glthf %
;+nUg hgzlQmnfO{
tflnd #) 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150
45
ko{6g kl/ifb ! 260 650 870 730 500 3010 40
xf]6n Pj+ ko{6g lzIff
cWoog 130 300 300 300 400 1430
41
6«fen Ph]G;Lx?sf]
;Ghfn ! 250 250 250 250 250 1250
44
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
44
6«]sLË Ph]G;L x?sf]
;+hfn ;FVof ! 250 250 250 250 250 1250
43
/]:6'/]G6 ;+:yfx?sf]
;Ghfn ! 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150
42
ko{6g u'?of]hgf
cBfjlws ! 260 650 870 730 500 3010
2
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ ! 130 300 300 300 400 1430 1
glthf ^=
sf];]nL 3/ Aoj:yfkg @ 260 650 870 730 500 3010 4
s[lif ko{6g tyf
cuf{lgs len]h k|jw{g ! 260 650 870 730 500 3010
3
u'kmfx? dd{t * 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150 5
x:tsnf s]Gb| ljsf; ! 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150 6
glthf &=
dlGb/ Pj+ u'Djf ;+/If0f
/ dd{t %) 250 600 1450 1200 650 4150
46
dl:hb PJ+f rr{ ;+/If0f
/ dd{t & 260 650 870 730 500 3010
48
u'Gb|'s, ;'s'l6 ;fu,
d:of}/f cflb Kofls+u /
ljt/0f s]Gb| ljsf;
# 130 300 300 300 400 1430 47
hDdf M 5233750 7803680 9708500 14702820 4326030 41774780
^=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
ko{6gdf /f]huf/L tflnd ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g Aojf;o Pj+ xf]d :6]
tflnd
ko{6g kl/ifb,
xfg, 6fg, /]jfg
ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g a|f08 ljsf;, k|rf/
k|;f/, cleofg / dxf]T;j
ko{6g kl/ifb,
xfg, 6fg, /]jfg
ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
glthf @=
cGt/fli6o If]qLo ljdfg:yn
lgdf{0f
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
45
kbdfu{ dd{t / ljsf; ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
aGhL hDkLË :yn ljsf; ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
Sofgf]Ë k|jw{g ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
hLk km\noP/ k|jw{g ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ljZj zflGt :t'kf, af}4
uGtJo:yn ljsf;
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
Kof/fUnfO8LË :k6 ljsf; ko{6g kl/ifb,
Pleof Snj
ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cN6fnfO6 , kfj/ UnfO8/ sf]
Aoj:yfkg
ko{6g kl/ifb,
Pleof Snj
ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6sLo Osf]6'l/Hd kfs{ ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
lrl8ofvfgf ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6s j;kfs{ ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
dgf]/d :yn lgdf{0f ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6lso ;+u|xfno ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
;f+:s[lts ;+u|xfno ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
/s SnfO{DaLË lgdf{0f ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
46
;dfh
ko{6g If]q lgdf{0f tyf
lj:tf/ / Eo" 6fj/
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
glthf #=
xf]d :6] :yn ljsf; ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cfktsfnLg ko{6s p4f/
;ldlt lgdf{0f
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
lxdfn cf/f]x0f / SofDk -
ABC) Aoj:yfkg ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g k|x/L rf}sL :yfkgf ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
u|fdL0f If]qdf 7'nf ko{6s
xf]6n lj:tf/
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
glthf $
/\ofkm6LË :yn ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
sfoflsË ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
jf6/ kfs{ ;Frfng ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
tfnx?sf] ;F/If0f, lj:tf/,
;Ldfs+g, ;f}Gbo{s/0f
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
;ft tfnsf] 6«ofs ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
jf6/ an ;Frfng ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
jf6/ ;fO{SnLË ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
tfn j/k/ km'6 6«ofs ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
47
;dfh
glthf %=
;+nUg hgzlQmnfO{ tflnd ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
xf]6n Pj+ ko{6g lzIff
cWoog
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
6«fen Ph]G;Lx?sf] ;Ghfn ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
6«]sLË Ph]G;L x?sf] ;+hfn
;FVof
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
/]:6'/]G6 ;+:yfx?sf] ;Ghfn ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g u'?of]hgf cBfjlws ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
glthf ^=
sf];]nL 3/ Aoj:yfkg ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
s[lif ko{6g tyf cuf{lgs
len]h k|jw{g
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
u'kmfx? dd{t ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
x:tsnf s]Gb| ljsf; ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
glthf &=
dlGb/ Pj+ u'Djf ;+/If0f / dd{t
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
48
dl:hb PJ+f rr{ ;+/If0f / dd{t
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
u'Gb|'s, ;'s'l6 ;fu, d:of}/f cflb
Kofls+u / ljt/0f s]Gb| ljsf;
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g sfof{no,
lghL If]q, ;d'bfo
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
;dfh
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;
^=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
ko{6gdf /f]huf/L tflnd ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g Aojf;o Pj+ xf]d :6] tflnd
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g a|f0f ljsf;, k|rf/ k|;f/,
cleofg Pj+ dxf]T;j
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf =@
cGt/fli6o If]qLo ljdfg:yn
lgdf{0f
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
kbdfu{ dd{t / ljsf; ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
aGhL hDkLË :yn ljsf; ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
Sofgf]Ë k|jw{g ko{6g
sfof{no,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
49
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
cWoog,
hLk km\noP/ k|jw{g ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ljZj zflGt :t'kf, af}4 uGtJo:yn
ljsf;
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
Kof/fUnfO8LË :k6 ljsf; ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cN6fnfO6 , kfj/ UnfO8/ sf]
Aoj:yfkg
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6sLo Osf]6'l/Hd kfs{ ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lrl8ofvfgf ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6s j;kfs{ ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
dgf]/d :yn lgdf{0f ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6lso ;+u|xfno ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;f+:s[lts ;+u|xfno ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
/s SnfO{DaLË lgdf{0f ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g If]q lgdf{0f tyf lj:tf/ /
Eo" 6fj/
ko{6g
sfof{no,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
50
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
cWoog,
glthf #
xf]d :6] :yn ljsf; ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfktsfnLg ko{6s p4f/ ;ldlt
lgdf{0f
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lxdfn cf/f]x0f / SofDk -ABC) Aoj:yfkg
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g k|x/L rf}sL :yfkgf ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u|fdL0f If]qdf 7'nf ko{6s xf]6n
lj:tf/
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf $=
/\ofkm6LË :yn ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
sfoflsË ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
jf6/ kfs{ ;Frfng ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
tfnx?sf] ;F/If0f, lj:tf/, ;Ldfs+g,
;f}Gbo{s/0f
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;ft tfnsf] 6«ofs ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
jf6/ an ;Frfng ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
51
lhlj;
jf6/ ;fO{SnLË ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
tfn j/k/ km'6 6«ofs ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf %=
;+nUg hgzlQmnfO{ tflnd ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g kl/ifb ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
xf]6n Pj+ ko{6g lzIff cWoog ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
6«fen Ph]G;Lx?sf] ;Ghfn ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
6«]sLË Ph]G;L x?sf] ;+hfn ;FVof ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
/]:6'/]G6 ;+:yfx?sf] ;Ghfn ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g u'?of]hgf cBfjlws ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf ^=
sf];]nL 3/ Aoj:yfkg ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
52
s[lif ko{6g tyf cuf{lgs len]h
k|jw{g
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u'kmfx? dd{t ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
x:tsnf s]Gb| ljsf; ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf &=
dlGb/ Pj+ u'Djf ;+/If0f / dd{t
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
dl:hb PJ+f rr{ ;+/If0f / dd{t
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u'Gb|'s, ;'s'l6 ;fu, d:of}/f cflb
Kofls+u / ljt/0f s]Gb| ljsf;
ko{6g
sfof{no,
ko{6g kl/ifb,
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
53
kl/R5]b &
;xsf/L tyf ul/jL Go"lgs/0f
&=! e'ldsf
g]kfnsf] xfnsf] ;+ljwfgddf ;d]t ;/sf/, ;xsf/L / lghL If]qsf] dfWodaf6 d'n'ssf] cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{
elg gLltut Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfn] klg ;f] cg'?k lgtLut Pj+ k|s[ofut ?kdf canDjg ub}{
cfPsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] Pj+ lhNnfsf] ljsf;df ;xof]u ug]{ ljleGg pTkfbg If]qx? dWo] ;xsf/L If]q klg Ps
dxTjk"0f{ If]q /lx cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ of]hgfj4 ?kdf pTkfbg, ahf/Ls/0f / ;]jf k|jfxdf u/fpg'
clt cfjZos 5 . ;d'bfodf 5l/P/ /x]sf] >d, ;Lk, k|ljlw / k"FlhnfO{ Pslqt u/L pTkfbg, pTkfbsTj /
/f[huf/L a[l4af6 lHfNnfsf] ljsf; Pj+ :yfgLo hg;d'bfosf] cfly{s lxt k|jw{g ug{ / ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f u/L
;Da[4 ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|jw{g ul/g' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . To;} u/L
g]kfndf ul/jLsf] dfqf @#=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ;xsf/L If]qsf] ltj|t/ ljsf;, :yfgLo k"lhF / ;Lk Pj+ pTkfbgsf] a[l4 ug{ / lhNnfdf
/x]sf] ul/jLnfO{ cem} pNn]Vo ?Kfdf sd ug{]tkm{ of] of]hgfdf hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
&=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf sl/j # k|ltzt of]ubfg u/]sf] o; ;xsf/L If]qdf o; lhNnfdf k|foM uflj; Pj+
gu/fkfnLsfdf y'k|} ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? :yflkt / ;+rfnLt 5g\ . h;af6 s/f]8f}+ art kl/rfng, xhf/f}nfO{
k|ToIf Pj+ ck|ToIf /f]huf/L k|bfg x'b} cfPsf] 5 . To:t} o; lhNnfdf b]ze/sf] ul/jLsf] k|ltzteGbf sd
dfqfdf lg/k]If ul/jL /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . t/ b'u{d ufpFdf /x]sf blnt, sdhf]/ l:yltsf hghflt Pj+ cGo
hftsf dflg;x?sf] ul/jLsf] cj:yf / wlgx?sf] cj:yf t'ngf g} ug{ gldNg] ul/ sxfln nfUbf] cj:yfdf
oxfFsf ul/jx? /x]sf 5g\ . ul/jLsf] ljifdtf / uxgtf al9 g} /x]sf] 5 .
t;y{, o; lhNnfdf ul/jL 36fpg], ;xsf/Lx? ;xsf/Lsf] dd{ cg';f/ ;+rfng ug]{, ;xsf/Lx?sf] pTkfbg Pj+
Aoj;fo d'lv rl/q / nufgL a9fpg] / ;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox?nfO{ l;k ljsf;, cfo cfh{hg, pTkfbg ;lxt n3'
pBdtkm{ cfslif{t ug]{ sfo{ ul/ ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; Pj+ ul/jL Go"lgs/0f pNn]Vo dfqfdf ug{ ;lsg] ul/
of]hgfn] Wofg lbg' kg]{ x'G5 .
&=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
k|fs[lts, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s >f]tx?sf]
k|r'/tf
n3' pBd, 3/]n' pBf]u Pj+ ;fgf pBf]u /
ko{6gd'lv ;/sf/L gLlt / k|fyldstf
l;k ljsf; tfnLd, k|fljlws lzIffnosf]
Aoj:yf
pBf]u Aojf;fo cflbsf] lj:tf/af6 cfly{s
cj:yfdf 6]jf k'/\ofPsf]
;Da4 lgsfox? aLr ;dGjo
cj;/
/f]huf/L a9fpg ;lsg]
hgtfsf] cfo:t/ psf:g ;lsg]
p3' pBd, ko{6g, s[lif Pj+ :j/f]huf/Lsf] k|jw{g ug{
;lsg]
o'jfx?sf] n3'pBd lt/ k|f]T;fxg ug{
/]ld6\ofG;sf] ?kdf k|fKt cfo n3' pBdlt/ ;b'kof]u ug{
:yfgLo ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xof]u
sdhf]/ kIf
/fhg}lts cl:y/tf
ck"0f{ /f]huf/L, ul/jL Go"lgs/0f gLlt /x]sf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] sld / ePsf] hgzlQmsf]
r'gf}lt
aGb, x8tfn x'g] k|j[lQnfO{ /f]Sg]
ko{6s lzIffsf] k|rf/ ug]{
pBf]u Aoj;fo k|lt cfsif{s gx'g'
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
54
knfog x'g'
pBf]u k|jw{gsf] sld
n3' pBdsf] ljsf; x'g g;Sg'
;xsf/LnfO{ pTkfbg If]qdf cfslif{t ug{
g;Sg'
hdLgsf] c;dfg ljt/0f, hUuf v08Ls/0f
kof{Kt / e/kbf]{ xjfO{ ;]jf pknAw gx'g'
n3' pBd ljs;
cfly{s cefj
;j{;'ne >[0f k|fKt gx'g'
&=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
:yfgLo >f]t, >d / k'hLsf] clwstd kl/rfng u/L Pj+ :yfgLo pTkfbgd'lv , ;xsf/Lsf] l;4fGtdf cfwf/Lt
Pj+ pTkfbgd'lv ;xsf/Lx?sf] ljsf; / ltgsf] pTkfbgsf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] Aoj:yf ub}{ n3' pBd, /f]huf/L /
cfo a[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .
&=% p4]Zo
;xsf/Ldf cfwf/Lt pBd Aoj;fosf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/ lbuf] / ;dtfd"ns cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf; dfkm{t
;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; Pj+ ul/jL Go"lgs/0fdf of]ubfg k'/\ofpg] .
&=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
;xsf/Ldf
cfwf/Lt pBd
Aoj;fosf]
ljsf; / lj:tf/
ul/ lbuf] /
;dtfd"ns
cfly{s ;fdflhs
ljsf; dfkm{t
;xsf/Lsf]
ljsf; Pj+ ul/jL
Go"lgs/0fdf
of]ubfg
k'/\ofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif pTkfbs
;xsf/L
!#^ @))
cf}iflw hl8a'l6
k|zf]wg ;xsf/L
@ %
kz'kfng ;xsf/L $ !)
;xsf/Laf6 C0f
kl/rfng ?=-s/f]8_
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf
l8lehg sfof{nosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
55
glthf ! M
;xsf/L
;+:yfsf] ljsf;,
lj:tf/
;jnLs/0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;xsf/L ;+Vof %(( !))
)
ljlQo ;xsf/L
ufleg] ;+Vof
@ !))
;xsf/L tflnd !%) %%)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf
l8lehg sfof{nosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
lghL
If]qsf]
;xsf/Ldf
nufgL
a9]df
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
;xsf/Ldf
cfwf/Lt pBd
pBdsf] ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
pTkfbs /
pkef]QmfsfjLrsf]
k'nsf] sfd ug]{
;Vof
*) !%)
s[lif pTkfbs
;xsf/L
!#^ @))
cf}iflw hl8a'l6
k|zf]wg ;xsf/L
@ %
kz'kfng ;xsf/L $ !)
b'U3 pTkfbs
;xsf/L
@@ $)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–;xsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf
l8lehg sfof{nosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
&=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;xsf/L pTkfbsx? jLrsf] ;xsfo{ a[l4 ul/g]5 .
pTkfbs ;xsf/L ls;fgx?sf] pTkfbg ljlqmdf ljrf}lnofx?sf] k|efj cGTo ug]{ / ;xsf/L dfkm{t
ahf/Ls/0fsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ Aoj:yfdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
;xsf/Ltf / ;xsf/L d"Nodf cfwf/Lt ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;+rfng / ljsf; ug{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
;xsf/L dfkm{t pBf]u, n3' pBd, cfod"ns sfo{qmd, art Pj+ C0f kl/rfng u/L ul/jL
Go"lgs/0f / :j/f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
&=* ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd M
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/df0f ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|yldstf
s|d
;xsf/L tflnd
tyf k|lzIf0f
!%%)
hgf 1000 11200 11200 11200 11200 45800
2
;xsf/L k|jw{g *))
j6f 11550 32450 32500 42500 53500 172500
3
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
56
;xsf/L
;+rfng tyf
Ifdtf ljsf;
sfo{s|d
^)
k6s 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 11000
1
;xsf/L
cg'udg Pj+
;'b[l9s/0f
sfo{s|d
!)
k6s 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 12500
5
Ifdtf tyf
pBdzLntf
tflnd
!^%)
hgf 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 12500
4
pBdnLntf
k|j{4g sfo{s|d 1000 1500 1500 1800 2200 8000 6
zLk ljsf;
tflnd tyf
;fdfu|L
cg'bfg
^))
hgf 1200 1250 1500 1550 1800 7300
7
hDdf 21950 53600 53900 64250 75900 269600
&=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
;xsf/L tflnd tyf tflnd
tyf k|lzIf0f
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L k|jw{g ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
ljlQo ;xsf/L ufleg]
sfo{qmd
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
glthf @=
pTkfbs / pkef]QmfsfjLrsf]
k'nsf] sfd ug]{ Ifdtf ljsf;
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
s[lif pTkfbs ;xsf/L
cg'udg Pj+ ;[b[l9s/0f
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
57
cf}iflw hl8a'l6 k|zf]wg
;xsf/L
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
kz'kfng ;xsf/L cg'udg Pj+
;[b[l9s/0f
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
b'U3 pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
tyf l8lehg
sfof{no
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
;xsf/L ;+3
;+:Yffx?
&=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
;xsf/L tflnd tyf tflnd tyf
k|lzIf0f
;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
;xsf/L :yfkgf PJf k|jw{g ;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
ljlQo ;xsf/L ufleg] sfo{qmd ;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
glthf @
pTkfbs / pkef]QmfsfjLrsf]
k'nsf] sfd ug]{ Ifdtf ljsf;
;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
s[lif pTkfbs ;xsf/L cg'udg Pj+
;[b[l9s/0f
;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
cf}iflw hl8a'l6 k|zf]wg ;xsf/L ;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
kz'kfng ;xsf/L cg'udg Pj+
;[b[l9s/0f
;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
b'U3 pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;xsf/L
k|=tyf l8=
sfof{no
df;Ls,
rf}df;Ls
jfifL{s
:ynut
lg/LIf0f,
Kf|ult ;ldIff
;xsf/L ljefu
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
58
kl/R5]b *
pBf]u tyf /f]huf/L
*=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf gofF cf}Bf]lus gLlt, afl0fHo gLlt Pj+ cf}Bf]lus Aoj;fo P]g / nufgL jf]8{ P]g cfP kl5 nufgLsf]
jftj/0fdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] / pBf]u If]qn] s]lx ult lng yfn]sf] cg'e't ul/Psf] 5 . s[lif If]qdf /x]sf]
lge{/tfnfO{ sd ub}{ n}hfg s]lx ?kdf eP klg cf}Bf]luls/0fsf] e'ldsf /x]sf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus nufgLn] pTkfbg
/ pTkbsTj a[l4, /f]huf/L l;h{gf, ;Lk Pj+ :yfgLo >f]tsf] pkof]u, lgof{t k|jWf{gdf of]ubfg ub{5 g} .
o; lhNnfdf klg n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u / s]lx dfqfdf 7'nf k|sf/sf] pBf]ux? klg ljsf; /
lj:tf/ eO{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . cf}Bf]lus If]qdf lghL k"lhF cfslif{t ug]{, cfjZos k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u ug]{,
n3' Pj+ ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] k|jw{g ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .
*=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe'lt, ljB't cfk"lt{, :j:y k|lt:kwf{, gofF k|ljlwx?sf] pkof]u, ljlQo kx'Fr a[l4,
/f]huf/L l;h{gf Pj+ lHfNnf jflx/ lgsf;Lof]Uo j:t'sf] klxrfg, ljsf; / ahf/ lj:tf/df ;/sf/L Pj+ lghL
;xsfo{ ;d]t a9fpb} hfg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
lghL If]qsf] ljsf;af6 pBf]u Pj+ Aojf;fodf /f]huf/L a[l4, :j:Yf k|lt:klw{ ePsf] t/ sfnf] ahf/L gePsf]
pBf]u Aofkf/, >d ;DjGwsf] ljsf;, cf}wf]lus zflGt, cf}Bf]uLs dgf]lj1fgsf] ljsf; / ;/sf/L lghL ;xsfo{,
;fem]bf/L a9fO{ pBf]u tyf /f]huf/Lsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
*=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
cfBf]lus Pj+ Aokf/Ls d]nfsf] cfof]hgf
x'g] u/sf]
s[lif, kz' Pj+ ;]jf Aoj;fodf
cf}Bf]lusLs/0f x'b} u/]sf] -# ;fndf_
pBf]u Pj+ Aofkf/tkm{ o'jf ju{ cfslif{t
ePsf]
cj;/
a9bf] hg;+Vof / zxl/s/0fn] k|d'v ahf/ s]Gb|x?sf]
ljsf; x'g]
zxl/ If]qdf /f]huf/L Pj+ pBf]u Aofof/ a9\g ;Sg]
s[lif, kz'k+lIfhGo a:t'sf] ahf/Ls/0f x'g;Sg]
b'j{n kIf
lhNnfsf btf{ ge} ;+rfngdf /x]sf
pBf]lu Aoj;flonfO{ btf{ k|lqmofdf
Nofpg g;lsPsf]
pBf]ux?sf] nflu Aojl:yt tyf kof{Kt
ahf/sf] sld ePsf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] sld x'g'
s[lif, kz'k+lIfhGo a:t'sf] ahf/Ls/0f
gx'g'
;dofg's'n P]g lgod kl/dfh{g gx'g'
dflns / dhb'/ ljrsf] ;'dw'/ ;DaGw
r'gf}lt
pBf]u If]qdf nufgL a9fpg
Jofkf/ Aoj;fonfO{ dof{lbt / :jR5 k|lt:kwf{df
cfwf/Lt agfpg
o'jf hgzlQm ljb]z knfog
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
59
ljsf; x'g g;Sg'
Jojl:yt cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] lj:tf/
u'0f:t/Lo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg gx'g'
*=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u Pj+ n3' pBd ljsf;sf] dfWod4f/f /f]huf/L Pj+ :j/f]huf/sf cj;/ lHfNnfafl;x?n]
kof{Kt ?Kfdf k|fKt u/]sf x'g]5g .
*=% p4]Zo
3/]n', ;fgf Pj+ n3' pBdsf] ljsf; ub}{ pBf]usf] pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj a[l4 / :j/f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf u/L
hgtfsf] hLJfg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
*=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
3/]n', ;fgf Pj+
n3' pBdsf]
ljsf; ub}{
pBf]usf]
pTkfbg Pj+
pTkfbsTj a[l4
/ :j/f]huf/Lsf]
l;h{gf u/L
hgtfsf]
hLJfg:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
pBdlzntf
tflnd
$%) !%)
)
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L
$^))
)
%$)
))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–3/]n' tyf pBf]u
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M
pBf]ux?sf]
ljsf; /
lj:tf/ ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
pBf]u btf{ !)!# ^))
)
cf}Bf]uLs Pj+
Aofkfl/s d]nf
$ !%
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
— pBf]u btf{ /lhi6/
lghL
nufgL
a9g]
nufgL Pj+
;xh jhf/sf]
jftfj/0f
agfpg k|of;
ug]{
glthf @M pBd ;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf] nIo –lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
lghL
nufgL Pj+
/fhg}lts
k|ltj4tf Pj+
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
60
ljsf; tyf
l;k ljsf;
tflnd k|fKt
AolQmx?sf]
;+Vof / pBd
ckgfpg]sf]
;+Vof a[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
l:ylt
;Lk ljsf;
tflnd
#&# @))
)
pBdlzntf
tflnd
$%) !%)
)
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L
$^))
)
%$)
))
— pBf]u btf{ /lhi6/ ;/sf/L
jh]6 a9g]
k|zf;lgs
;xhtf agfpg]
glthf #M
pBf]uaf6 cfo
PJf+ /f]hfuf/L
a9fpg ;xof]u
k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L
$^))
)
%$)
))
;/sf/nfO{ /fhzj
? -s/f]8_
@*@ $%)
*=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
lzIff, :jf:Yo / ko{6g If]qdf cfjZostfx?sf] cfk"lt{ :yfgLo :t/af6} pknJw u/fpg] gLlt
cjnDag ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo sRRff kbfy{, ;|f]t, >d / ;Lkdf cfwfl/t, x:tsnf Pj+ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ljsf; Pj+
k|j4{g / :yfgLo txsf hgtfsf] pBdlzntfsf] k|jw{gdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lhNnfsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, z}lIfs, :jf:Yo cflbdf lghL If]qsf] nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
/f]huf/L l;h{gf / cfly{s ljsf;df al9 of]ubfg k'/\ofpg] 7"nf pBf]usf] ljsf;df lghLIf]qnfO{
k|f]T;fxg u/L To:tf pBf]u ;+rfng ubf{ jftfj/0fd}lq jgfpg] kIfnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
sDKo"6/ lzIff Pj+ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
kf]v/f pkTosf If]qdf jftfj/df k|lts'n c;/ kg]{ vfnsf pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ lj:tf/} lj:yflkt ub}{
hfg] / To; lsl;dsf gofF pBf]ufnO{ k|j]z glbg] gLlt lnOg]5 .
*=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/df0f ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|yldstf
s|d ;+=
glthf !=
pBf]u k|j4{g
sfo{s|d
1500 21500 31500 31500 31500 117500 1
cf}Bf]uLs Pj+
Aofkfl/s d]nf
cfof]hgf
2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 12500 4
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
61
glthf @=
;Lk ljsf;
tflnd
3500 15500 15000 15000 15000 64000 3
pBdlzntf
tflnd
500 9500 9500 9500 9500 38500 2
glthf #=
/fhzj ;+sng
cleofg
!)
k6s
100 100 100 100 100 500 5
hDdf M 8100 49100 58600 58600 58600 233000
*=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
pBf]u btf{ lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no, lghL pBld
ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?
:yflgo
lgsfox? /
cGo
;+3;+:yfx?
cf}Bf]uLs Pj+ Aofkfl/s d]nf
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no, lghL pBld
ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?
:yflgo
lgsfox? /
cGo
;+3;+:yfx?
glthf @=
;Lk ljsf; tflnd lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no, lghL pBld
ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?
:yflgo
lgsfox? /
cGo
;+3;+:yfx?
pBdlzntf tflnd
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uaf6
/f]huf/L
glthf #=
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uaf6
/f]huf/L
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no, lghL pBld
ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?
:yflgo
lgsfox? /
cGo
;+3;+:yfx?
;/sf/nfO{ /fhzj a[l4 cleofg
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pwf]u
sfof{no, lghL pBld
ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?
:yflgo
lgsfox? /
cGo
;+3;+:yfx?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
62
*=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
pBf]u btf{ lhNnf pwd
ljsf; ;ldlt,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pwf]u sfof{no
dfl;s,
rf}dfl;s /
jflif{s
:ynut Pj+
k|ltj]bg cWoog
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, ljefu,
dGqfno
cf}Bf]uLs Pj+ Aofkfl/s d]nf
lhNnf pwd
ljsf; ;ldlt,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pwf]u sfof{no
dfl;s,
rf}dfl;s /
jflif{s
:ynut Pj+
k|ltj]bg cWoog
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, ljefu,
dGqfno
glthf @=
;Lk ljsf; tflnd lhNnf pwd
ljsf; ;ldlt,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pwf]u sfof{no
dfl;s,
rf}dfl;s /
jflif{s
:ynut Pj+
k|ltj]bg cWoog
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, ljefu,
dGqfno
pBdlzntf tflnd
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L
glthf #=
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L
lhNnf pwd
ljsf; ;ldlt,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pwf]u sfof{no
dfl;s,
rf}dfl;s /
jflif{s
:ynut Pj+
k|ltj]bg cWoog
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, ljefu,
dGqfno
;/sf/nfO{ /fhzj a[l4 cleofg
lhNnf pwd
ljsf; ;ldlt,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pwf]u sfof{no
dfl;s,
rf}dfl;s /
jflif{s
:ynut Pj+
k|ltj]bg cWoog
lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, ljefu,
dGqfno
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
63
kl/R5]b (
lghL If]q PJf+ ;/sf/L lghL ;fe]mbf/Lsf] ljsf;
(=! e'ldsf
k/fk"j{ sfnsf] jl0fsaflb cjwf/0ffdf ;d]t :jtGq cy{ Aoj:yf Pj+ lghL If]qsf] jr{Zj sfod} lyof] . t/
;g\ !(#) sf] bzsdf cfPsf] ljZj cfly{s dxfdlGbsf] sf/0fn] lghLIf]qsf] jr{Zj eGbf ;/sf/L jr{Zj
cy{Aoj:yfdf x'g'kg]{ dfu u/\of] . k'gM ;g\ !(*) sf] bzs kl5 :jtGq cy{ Aoj:yfsf] cEo"bo ePsf] 5 .
h;nfO{ bf];|f] k':tfsf] pbfl/s/0f klg elGfG5, hxfF cy{tGqdf lghL If]qsf] :jtGq ljr/0fnfO{ v'nf ul/G5 .
h] eP klg cy{ Aoj:yfsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] s]Gb| eg]s} lghL If]q xf] . To;/L g} lhNnfsf] ;du| ljsf; k|of;,
nufgL Pj+ pknAwLdf lghLIf]qsf] of]ubfg ;/sf/L If]qsf] eGbf Hofb} al9 /x]sf] x'G5 . t;y{ lhNnfsf]
ljsf;df lghL If]qsf] cem a9f]Q/L e"ldsf :yflkt ug{' ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . t;y{ lhNnfsf] :yfgLo pTkfbg
a9fO{ cGo lHfNnf, If]q jf /fli6\o ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ u/L lHfNnfsf] lgof{t a9fpg lghL If]qnfO{ yk k|f]T;fxg,
;xlhs/0f / of]ubfg lbg' ;j} kIfsf] st{Ao lxtdf x'G5 . o; lHfNnfsf] lghL If]qsf] ljsf; ul/ pTkfbg,
lgof{t, pBf]u, Aofkf/, /f]huf/L / ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] ljsf;df lghL ;fj{hlgs ;fem]bf/L k|jw{g ug'{ g}
lhNnfsf] ljsf;df dxQd 6]jf k'Ug] oyfy{nfO{ :jLsf/ ug'{ kb{5 .
(=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
g]kfndf v'nf cy{tGqsf] gLlt cjnDag u/]kl5 g} lghL If]qnfO{ pTkfbg, ljt/0f / /f]huf/L ;[hgfsf] If]qdf
;fe]mbf/ agfpg] k|of;nfO} lg/Gt/tf lbOcfPsf] kfOG5 . lgdf{0f, :jfldTj, ;+rfng / x:tfGt/0f gLlt,
k|lt:kwf{ sfg'g, ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L lgtL cflbsf] Aoj:yf ul/ ;/sf/L / gLlh ;+afb, ;xsfo{ / k|jw{g
ub}{ ;j}sf] ;femf ?kdf /x]sf] b]zsf] ljsf; ;+ej x'g] s'/fnfO{ o; lHfNnfsf] ;Gbe{df ;d]t ?kfGt/0f ug'{
k/]sf] 5 .
lhlj;, gu/kfnLsf ;d]tn] lghL If]qsf] ljsf;df cfaZostfg';f/ jflif{s of]hgf Pj+ cfjlws of]hgfdf
;d]t lghLIf]qsf] ljsf;, ;xsfo{ / k|jw{gsf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? ;fdfGo ?kdf eP klg x'Fb} cfPsf], lghL
If]qn] klg ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf] l;4fGtnfO{ :jLsf/ ul/ oyf]lrt sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
ufpF gu/ ;fe]bf/Lsf cjwf/0ff s'g} g s'g} ?kdf sfofGjogdf cfPsf], pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 ;d]t ;fj{hlgs
If]q;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{ cufl9 cfPsf], lghL If]qaf ;+rfnLt pBf]u Pj+ Aoj;foaf6 lhNnfsf] pTkfbg, pTkfbsTj,
ahf/ lj:tf/, /f]huf/L k|bfg / :yfgLo lgsfosf] /fhZj a[l4df ;d]t ;s/fTds ?kdf of]ubfg /lx cfPsf] 5
.
lghL If]qsf] ljsf;af6 pBf]u Pj+ Aojf;fodf /f]huf/L a[l4, :j:Yf k|lt:klw{ ePsf] t/ sfnf] ahf/L gePsf]
pBf]u Aofkf/, >d ;DjGwsf] ljsf;, cf}wf]lus zflGt, cf}Bf]uLs dgf]lj1fgsf] ljsf; / ;/sf/L lghL ;xsfo{,
;fem]bf/L a9fO{ pBf]u tyf /f]huf/Lsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
;du|df, lghL If]qnfO{ cfly{s ljsf;sf] k|d'v ;+jfxssf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ / lghL If]qsf] ljsf; /
;/sf/;Fusf] ;xsfo{df d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf; / /f]huf/L ;[hgfsf] nflu lghL If]qsf] nufgL a9fpg]
jftfj/0f ;[hgf ul/g' kb{5 .
(=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
cfBf]lus Pj+ Aokf/Ls d]nfsf]
cfof]hgf x'g] u/sf]
s[lif, kz' Pj+ ;]jf Aoj;fodf
cf}Bf]lusLs/0f x'b} u/]sf]
pBf]u Pj+ Aofkf/tkm{ o'jf ju{
cfslif{t ePsf]
cj;/ M
a9bf] hg;+Vof / zxl/s/0fn] k|d'v ahf/ s]Gb|x?sf]
ljsf; x'g]
zxl/ If]qdf /f]huf/L Pj+ pBf]u Aofof/ a9\g ;Sg]
s[lif, kz'k+lIfhGo a:t'sf] ahf/Ls/0f x'g;Sg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
64
b'j{n kIf
lhNnfsf btf{ ge} ;+rfngdf /x]sf
pBf]lu Aoj;flonfO{ btf{ k|lqmofdf
Nofpg g;lsPsf]
pBf]ux?sf] nflu Aojl:yt tyf
kof{Kt ahf/sf] sld ePsf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] sld x'g'
dhb'/x?sf] a9\bf] bjbjf x'g'
s[lif, kz'k+lIfhGo a:t'sf] ahf/Ls/0f
gx'g'
r'gf}lt
Aojl:yt cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] lj:tf/ ug]{
pBf]u If]qdf nufgL a9fpg]
Jofkf/ Aoj;fonfO{ dof{lbt / :jR5
k|lt:kwf{df cfwf/Lt agfpg]
u'0f:t/Lo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg ug]{
(=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
lghL If]qnfO{ lHfNnfsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] k|d'v ;+jfxssf ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ .
(=% p4]Zo
lghL, ;/sf/L tyf ;xsf/L If]qdf ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/Lsf] ljsf; ul/ lhNnfsf] ljsf;df lghL If]qsf]
of]ubfg a9fpg] .
(=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
lghL, ;/sf/L
tyf ;xsf/L
If]qdf
;fj{hlgs lghL
;fem]bf/Lsf]
ljsf; ul/
lhNnfsf]
ljsf;df lghL
If]qsf] of]ubfg
a9fpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lHfNnf :t/sf] lghL
PJ+f ;/sf/L
;fem]bf/L gLlt
tof/ / nfUf"
) !
gu/kfnLsfdf
;fj{hlgs Pj+
lghL ;fe]mbf/L
gLlt tof/ / nfu"
) @
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! lghL
If]qsf] ljsf; /
lj:tf/ ePsf]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lHfNnfdf lghL ) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
65
x'g]5 . If]qsf] ljsf;
of]hgf tof/ /
nfu"
gofF pBdL Pj+
Aoj;flosf] a[l4
k|ltzt
! @%
ePdf
glthf @M
;fj{hlgs Pj+
lghL
;fe]bf/Lsf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lHfNnf :t/sf] lghL
PJ+f ;/sf/L
;fem]bf/L gLlt
tof/ / nfUf"
) !
gu/kfnLsfdf
;fj{hlgs Pj+
lghL ;fe]mbf/L
gLlt tof/ / nfu"
) @
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
(=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
!= lHfNnfdf nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f ;[hgf u/L lghL If]qsf] k|jw{g / nufgL k|jw{g ug]{ .
@= lHfNnfdf >d ;DjGwnfO{ ;s/fTds agfpg k|of; ug]{ .
#= ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjnfO{ k|f]lT;flxt ug]{ .
$= lghL ljlQo ;+:yfsf] k|jw{gdf 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
%= lghL ;fj{hlgs ;fe]mbf/Lsf] k|jw{g ug]{
(=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
cfufdL % aif{sf sfo{s|d tyf c'gdflgt cfjZos ah]6
ah]6 -? ))) df_
qm=
;+= ljj/0f
kl/
df0f
cf=j=
)&@.&#
cf=j=
)&#.&$
cf=j=
)&$.&%
cf=j=
)&%.&^
cf=j=
)&^.&& hDdf
k|yld
stf
s|d
glthf 1
lHfNnfdf lghL If]qsf]
ljsf; of]hgf tof/ /
nfu"
500 1500 1500 1500 5000 1
gofF pBdL Pj+ Aoj;flo
k|jw{g tflnd
@%)
hgf 350 350 350 350 350 1750 3
glthf 2
lHfNnf :t/sf] lghL PJ+f
;/sf/L ;fem]bf/L gLlt
tof/ / sfof{{Gjog
500 1400 1500 1500 4900 2
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
66
gu/kfnLsfdf ;fj{hlgs
Pj+ lghL ;fe]mbf/L gLlt
tof/ / nfu" 300 300 1200 1600 3400 4
hDdf 350 1150 1050 350 350 15050
(=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8
s|=
;= sfo{s|d
k|fyldst
fs|d
;+of]hg
stf{
sfof{Gjog
stf{ ;xof]uL
;fem]bf/L÷;xsfo{
ug]{ ;+:yf
glthf 1
lHfNnfdf lghL If]qsf] ljsf; of]hgf
tof/ !
lh=3=lj=
sf= p=jf=;+
lhlj;
tyf gkf
gofF pBdL Pj+ Aoj;flo k|jw{g tflnd
lh=3=lj=
sf= p=jf=;+
lhlj;
tyf gkf lh=3=lj= sf=
glthf 2
lHfNnf :t/sf] lghL PJ+f ;/sf/L
;fem]bf/L gLlt tof/
lh=3=lj=
sf= p=jf=;+
lhlj; tyf
gkf
lh=3=lj=
sf= lh=3=lj= sf=
gu/kfnLsfdf ;fj{hlgs Pj+ lghL
;fe]mbf/L gLlt tof/
lh=3=lj=
sf= p=jf=;+
lhlj; tyf
gkf
lh=3=lj=
sf= lh=3=lj= sf=
(=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
s|=;= sfo{s|d cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo cg'udg ljlw
cg'udg
ug]{ ;do
k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
kg]{ lgsfo
k|ltj]bg
sfof{Gjog ug']{
lgsfo
glthf 1
lHfNnfdf lghL
If]qsf] ljsf;
of]hgf tof/
lhlj; tyf p=jf=;= k|ltj]bg cWoog
aflif{s
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
gofF pBdL Pj+
Aoj;flo k|jw{g
tflnd
lhlj; tyf p=jf=;= k|ltj]bg cWoog
aflif{s
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
glthf 2
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
67
lHfNnf :t/sf]
lghL PJ+f ;/sf/L
;fem]bf/L gLlt
tof/
lhlj; tyf p=jf=;= k|ltj]bg cWoog
aflif{s
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
gu/kfnLsfdf
;fj{hlgs Pj+
lghL ;fe]mbf/L
gLlt tof/
lhlj; tyf p=jf=;= k|ltj]bg cWoog
aflif{s
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
lhlj; tyf
p=jf=;=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
69
kl/R5]b !)
;8s, k'n tyf oftfoft
!)=! e'ldsf
;8s ;+/rgfsf] Aojl:yt ljsf;sf nflu !) jif]{ k|fylds nufgL of]hgf -;g\ @))& b]lv @)!^_
sfof{Gojgdf /x]sf] 5 . To:t}, g]kfndf ljutsf k|foM ;j} cfjlws of]hgfx?df ;8s tyf oftfoft If]qsf]
ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf / nufgL a[l4 x'b} cfPsf] 5 . k"j{ klZrd nf]sdfu{, dWo kxfl8 nf]sdfu{, x'nfsL dfu{,
pQ/ blIf0f sf]l/8f]/x?, /]ndfu{x?, lHfNnf ;b/d'sfd Pj+ b'u{d If]q hf]8g\ ;8sx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ lgdf{0f
tyf dd{t sfo{x? ePsf b]lvG5g . sl/j @%!## ls=ld= nfdf] /0fg}lts ;8sx? g]kfndf xfn;Dd lgdf{0f
ePsf] b]lvG5 . h;df sfnf]kq] ;8s s]jn sl/j *))) ls=ld= dfq 5 . To;} ul/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf
df]6/]jn k'n lgdf{0fdf ljb]lz ;xof]u / xfd|f] k|fyldstf a9]sf] b]lvG5, ;f] cg';f/ xfn;Dd sl/j !^)( j6f
df]6/]jn k'n lgdf{0f ePsf, &# lHfNnf ;b/d'sfd ;8s ;~hfndf hf]l8Psf], /]n oftfoft Pj+ ;8s oftfoft
Aoj;flox?sf] klg lqmoflzntf lj:tf/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . t/ sltko :yfgdf j; tyf 6\s Aoj;flo
;ldltx?sf] l;08Ls]6 sfod} /x]sf] klg b]lvPsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf sl/j !@@# ls=ld= ;8s lj:tf/ ePsf], sl/j @& j6f df]6/]jn k'n lgdf{0f ePs]f, sl/j ^*
j6f emf]n'+u] k'n lgdf{0f ePsf] b]lvG5 . tL ;8s tyf k'nx?sf] lgoldt dd{t ;+ef/, yk df]6/j]n k'nx?,
emf]n'+u] k'nx?, yk kSsL tyf u|fe]n:t/sf] ;8s lgdf{0f / lHfNnfe/sf ;j} j:tLaf6 cfwf 306fsf] k}bn
b'/Ldf u|fe]n :t/sf] ;8s oftfoftsf] kx'Fr k'/ofpg] u/L k|fyldstfsf ;fy of] of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
!)=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf sl/j !@@# ls=ld= ;8s lj:tf/ ePsf], sl/j @& j6f df]6/]jn k'n lgdf{0f ePs]f, sl/j ^*
j6f emf]n'+u] k'n lgdf{0f ePsf] b]lvG5 . o; lhNnfdf /]n oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf 5}g, To:t} s]jnsf/ Pj+ /f]kj]sf]
ljsf; klg xfn;Dd x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
;8s /]vf+sg / lgdf{0f:yndf ljjfb, hUuf k|flKtdf sl7gfO{, hUufsf] pRr d'No dfusf sf/0f d'cfAhf
ljt/0fdf sl7gfO{, OlGhlgol/+u l8hfOg ljgf g} ;8s lgdf{0f x'g], lgoldt hgzlQm eGbf k/fdz{stf{ vf]Hg]
k|a[lQ a9\g', lgoldt dd{t ;+ef/ gx'g', ;j} j:tL;Dd jfx|}df; e/kbf]{ ;8s ;+/rgf ljsf; ug{ g;lsg', jfof]
OlGhlgol/+udf sd Wofg k'Ug', jftfj/0fLo d}qL ;8ssf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ s8fOsf ;fy kfngf u/fpg g;lsg',
;/sf/L Pj+ :yfgLo lgsfosf] jfx]s cGo u}/;/sf/L If]q Pj+ lghL If]qfnfO{ ;8s lgdf{0fsf] If]qdf cfslif{t
ug{ g;lsg', oftfoft Aoj;fodf lghL If]qsf] jf]njfnf eO{ l;08Ls]6 sfod x'g' h:tf gs/fTds cj:yf klg
b]lvPsf] 5 .
lhNnfdf ! 306fsf] b'/Ldf ;8s oftfoft ;'ljwf u|fe]n Pj+ klSs ;8ssf] kx'Fr / $) ldg]6sf] b'/Ldf 3'n]
;8ssf] kx'Rf k'/\ofpg] ul/ nIf / jlu{s/0f ug]{, ;8ssf] /fO6 ckm j] jf dfkb08 nfu" ug]{, ;8s dd{t
/0fgLlt agfpmg] h:t}M ;8s l8lehg sfof{non] dd{tdf !@^ lsdL ;8snfO{ &.* s/f]8 ah]6 5'6\6fp5,
h;sf] cg'z/0f ug]{, afx|}dfu ;8s rNg] agfpg] tkm{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ x'G5 .
klxnfsf] of]hgfdf sd dxTj lbOPsf] If]q gofF ;8s 6\ofs vf]Ng] slt xf] , ;f] klg nIo /fvL cufl9 a9\g],
;8sx?df j; oftfoft rNg oftfoft Aoj;flo ;u ;dGjo /flv lgoldt oftfoft ;]jf lbnfpg], /]n jf
df]gf]/]n lgdf{0f ;fj{hlgs Pj+ lghL ;fem]bf/Ldf ug{ ;lsG5 ls cWoog u/L k|of; cufl9 a9fpg], rqmky
lgdf{0f Pj+ ;8sx?df gfnL sd 5g\, ePsfdf klg kfgL kbf{ e]n ts{b}g j? af6f]df kfgL jU5, ;8ssf] cfo'
3l6/fv]sf] 5, h:tf kIfnfO{ yk k|fyldstf lbg] ug'{ kb{5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
70
lhNnf uf}/jsf cfof]hgf olsg u/f}, l8l6Pdlkdf k/]sfsf ;8s dfq x]g]{ xf] jf cGo ;8s klg dd{t jf
lgdf{0f ug]{ xf] olsg u/L ;8s u'?of]hgf lhlj;sf] dfq x'g ePg eGg] dd{sf ;fy ;j} lgsfosf ;8s
of]hgf jf k|of; ;d]6\g' kg]{ u/L o; of]hgfnfO{ cufl9 a9fpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;8s of]hgfdf ah]6 5'6\6fpbf
u|fe]n 5g]{, df6f] sf6\g] dfqdf geO{ gfnL, r]s 8\ofd jf cGo :6\Sr/ agfpg] ul/ jflif{s of]hgf agfpg], nIf
tf]Sg] / :6\Sr/ agfpg] tkm{ s]lGb|t x'g'kg]{ . To:t}, uflj; ejg ;Dd k'Ug] ;8s, cGo ;xfos ;8s nfO{
ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] slt slt k|ltzt ah]6 5'6\6fpg] ef/ ;d]t tf]Sg] u/f}+ .
;du|df, x/]s uflj;df u|fe]n :6f088{sf] afx}df; lgoldt, e/kbf]{ / u'0f:t/Lo oftfot k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/
! 306fsf] k}bn b'/Ldf oftfoft ;]jf k'/\ofpg], :yfgLo cy{tGq Pj+ ;fdflhs Pstfsf nflu :t/Lo, ;'/lIft /
e/kbf]{ ;8s oftfoft ;~hfn ljsf; ub}{ :yfgLo Plss/0f, cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf; / If]qut ;Gt'ngdf
of]ubfg k'Ug] u/L :t/Lo, e/kbf]{, ;'ne / ;'/lIft ;8s oftfoft ;~hfn lgdf{0f ug]{ Pj+ cfufld lbgdf xjfO{
oftfoft, /]n oftfoft Pj+ hn oftfoft ;]jfsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df klg oyf]lrt Wofg / k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{
b]lvPsf] 5 .
!)=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
;8s oftfoftsf] sf/0f :yfgLo
hgtfx?sf] ;xh ;8s kx'Fr
a9]sf]
ef}uf]lns lgs6tf / hg;Dks{df
a[l4 ePsf]
;8s oftfoft Pj+ xjfO{
oftfoftaf6 cfly{s ljsf;df
;xof]u k'u]sf] Pj+ ;fdflhs
Plss/0fdf 6]jf k'u]sf]
cj;/
cfw'lgs tyf u'0f:t/Lo oftfoft
;'ljwfdf lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg]
gofF k|ljlwdf cfwf/Lt oftfoft ;]jf
k|fKt x'g]
hn oftfoft a9\g ;Sg]
s]jnsf/ aGg ;Sg], rNg ;Sg]
sdhf]/ kIf
;8s, k'n h:tf ef}lts
k"jf{wf/x?sf] kof{Kt of]hgf,
;DefAotf cWoog ljgf aGg]
u/]sf
;DkGg of]hgfsf] k|efj d"Nof+sg
ul/ gs/fTds k|efj Go"lgs/0f
x'g] gu/]sf]
;8s k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;dGjofTds
lgdf{0f / ;+/If0fdf sld /x]sf]
hgr]tgf Pj+ ;fem]bf/L efjgfsf]
sld /x]sf]
lbuf] Aoj:yfkgsf] ;d:of
;]jfu|flxsf] dfu cg'?k oftfoft
;]jf k|jfx ug{ g;lsPsf]
;dGjosf] sld ePsf] sf/0f Ps}
r'gf}lt
;8s, k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg ;+/rgfx?sf]
dd{t ;+ef/ / lbuf] Aoj:yfkg ug]{
jftfj/0fLo hf]lvd 36fO{ jftfj/0fd}lq
;8s t'Nofpg]
lhNnf oftfoft u'?of]hgf jfx]ssf
u|fld0f ;8s lgdf{0fdf /x]sf] cToflws
rfk / dfunfO{ ;Djf]wg ug]{
>f]tx?sf] plrt ;+/If0f tyf ;+jWf{gdf
sl7gfO{ x6fpg]
hUuf ljjfb ldnfpg]
ef}uf]lns sl7gfO{nfO{ sd ug]{
ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd cfj:ostf cg';f/
a9fpg]
xjfO{ tyf :yn oftfoft ;]jfnfO{
u'0f:t/Lo jgfpg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
71
7fpFdf cfj:ostfeGbf al9
;8s ;+/rgf aGg] u/]sf]
!)=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
lhNnfdf cGo oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; tyf k|To]s j:tLx?af6 cfwf 3G6fleq e/kbf{ ;8s oftfoftsf]
kx"+r afx|} dlxgf lgoldt ?kdf k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
!)=% p4]Zo
xfn e}/x]sf ;8s Pj+ cGo oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] vf]h, ljsf; / lj:tf/ ub}{ jftfj/0fd}qL, lbuf] / cGo
ljsf;df pNn]Vo 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
!)=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M xfn
e}/x]sf ;8s
Pj+ cGo
oftfoft
k|0ffnLsf] vf]h,
ljsf; /
lj:tf/ ub}{
jftfj/0fd}qL,
lbuf] / cGo
ljsf;df
pNn]Vo 6]jf
k'/\ofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sfnf]kq ;8s -
lsdL_
##) ^))
u|fd]n -lsld_ @^( %&)
slRr df};ld w'n]
;8s -lsld_
^@% !*)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
kf]v/f pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M cfwf
306fsf] b'/Ldf
;xh, e/kbf]{ /
lgoldt ;8s
oftfoftsf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sfnf]kq ;8s -
lsdL_
##) ^))
u|fd]n -lsld_ @^( %&)
slRr df};ld w'n]
;8s -lsld_
^@% !*)
df]6/]jn k'n @& &)
shj] ;+Vof #) ^)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
72
glthf @ xjfO{
tyf hn
oftfoftsf]
e/kbf]{ ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
If]lqo cGt//fli6\o
ljdfg:yn
) !
cfGtl/s
ljdfg:yn
! !
xjfO{ ;]jf ;+rfng
ug]{ ljdfg ;+:yf
;+Vof
!# !#
hn oftfot
k|0ffnL -lsdL_
) @
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf # k}bn
oftfot
k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
emf]n'+u] k'n -uf]6f_ ^* !))
3f]/]6f] af6f] lgdf{0f-
uf]6f_
$% ^)
cfw'lgs ;f3'F
k'n];f lgdf{0f-uf]6f_
!% %)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!)=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;8s, k'n h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ bLuf] ljsf;d}lq agfpg cfly{s,
k|fljlws, jftfj/0fLo, ;fdflhs cflb kIfsf] lj:t[t cWoog / d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df
of]hgfj4 Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lhNnf :t/df tof/ ul/Psf] oftfoft u'?of]hgfsf] gLlt cg'?k lhNnfsf u|fdL0f
;8sx?, k'n Pj+ k'n];fsf] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ qmlds ?kdf sfof{Gjog ub}{{ nlug] 5 .
hyfeflj ;8s vGg], x]lj OlSjkd]G6sf] k|of]u ug]{, ;8s dfkb08sf] kfngf gug]{
k|a[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug]{, ;8s clwsf/ If]qsf] cltqmd0f /f]Sg] / lhNnfsf s / v
ju{sf ;8s clwsf/ If]qleqsf hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfpFdf Nofpg kxn ul/g]5 .
lhNnfsf ljleGg j:tLx?af6 ! 306fdf u|fdL0f df]6/ ;8s ;Dd k'Ug ;Sg] Pj+
lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd;+u u|fdL0f ;8sx?nfO{ hf]8\g] u/L] ;8sx?sf] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{
k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
73
s[lifsf ks]6 If]qx?af6 ahf/;Dd hf]8\g ;lsg] ;8sx?sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ tyf dd{t
;+ef/sf] nflu hg;xeflutf h'6\g ;Sg] ;8sx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
n3' hn ljB't cfof]hgfx? tyf cGo k"jf{wf/sf cfof]ghfx? / :yfgLo dxTjsf
cfof]hgfx?nfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] ;8sx?sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
ko{6g ljsf;sf nflu /f]kj], s]a'nsf/, xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ljsf;df lghL If]qnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
pk–dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsfsf] a9\bf] hgrfknfO{ sd ug{ u|fdL0f ;8sx?nfO{
;b/d'sfd;+u hf]8\g tyf zx/L a:tLnfO{ Jojl:yt ljsf; ug{sf nflu kf]v/f pkTosf
rqmkysf] w'n] sRrL ;8ssf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
u|fdL0f ;8snfO{ jftfj/0f Pj+ k|fljlws cfwf/af6 lbuf] u/fpg Joj:yfkg kIf /
pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kn] cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
xfn e}/x]sf ;8sx?sf] jftfj/0ffLo ;Gt'ng ug]{ pkfox? cjnEjg u/L :t/pGglt
ug{] .
hnljw't,s[lif, ko{6g / cGo k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;df ;dfGjofTds 9+un] oftfoft
k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
goFf 6]lsË ?6sf] If[hgf u/L ko{6g k|jw{g ug]{
kf]v/f pkTosf rqmky lgdf{0f ul/g]5 tyf jftfj/0f d}qL, ;fO{sn Track sf]
Joj:yf x'g]5 .
kf]v/f cGt/fli6|o ljdfg:Yfn lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ ;DdGg ul/g]5 .
!)=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/df0f ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf ah]6 k|fyld
stf
s|d
glthf !=
sfnf]kq] ;8s
-lsdL_
@&) 142500 1224000 1250000 1320000 1350000 5286500 8
u|fd]n ug]{
-lsld_
@)! 316000 927200 937500 937600 938500 4056800 9
gfnL lgdf{0f
lsld
$)) 72000 223000 336000 425000 532000 1588000 11
l;d]G6]8 l/6]G;g
jfn 3=ld=
$%) 43000 45000 85000 85000 84500 342500 10
Uofljn jfP/
(Gavion wire) 3=ld=
#%)) 31600 46200 57400 77500 87800 300500 12
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
74
df]6/]jn k'n ## 220000 250000 260000 320000 250000 1300000 5
shj] ;+Vof #) 1500 2100 1800 1800 1800 9000 7
/fhdfu{ dd{t
;'wf/ tyf
lj:tf/ lsld
&) 32000 150000 200000 220000 150000 752000 6
lhNNff :t/sf
;8s dd{t
;'wf/ lsld
@)) 112000 215000 2155000 2160000 2165000 6807000 4
zx/L ;8s
dd{t ;'wf/ lsld
!%) 2500 55500 67500 512500 413000 1051000 2
u|fld0f ;8s
dd{t ;'wf/ lsld
!)) 5000 15500 16000 36500 57600 130600 1
gofF 6 «ofs vf]Ng]
lsld
@% 21000 81500 82500 93000 93000 371000 3
glthf @=
kf]v/f ljdfG:yn
dd{t ;'wf/
! 51500 61500 41500 31500 12700 198700 13
hn oftfoftsf]
ljsf; ;+efAotf
cWoog
@
1000 1000 14
glthf #=
emf]n'+u] k'n dd{t
tyf lgdf{0f -#@
j6f gofF lgdf{0f
/ @) j6f dd{t_
%@ 132000 132000 143000 125000 132000 664000 15
3f]/]6f] af6f]
lgdf{0f tyf
dd{t -uf]6f_
^% 88500 99500 99700 211400 251500 750600 16
hDdf 1271100 3529000 5732900 6556800 6519400 23609200
!)=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
sfnf]kq] ;8s -lsdL_
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
u|fd]n ug]{ -lsld_
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
gfnL lgdf{0f lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
75
ljefu lgsfo
l;d]G6]8 l/6]G;g jfn 3=ld=
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
\
Uofljn jfP/ (Gavion wire)
3=ld=
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
df]6/]jn k'n
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
shj] ;+Vof
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
/fhdfu{ dd{t ;'wf/ tyf lj:tf/
lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
lhNNff :t/sf ;8s dd{t ;'wf/
lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
zx/L ;8s dd{t ;'wf/ lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
u|fld0f ;8s dd{t ;'wf/ lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
gofF 6 «ofs vf]Ng] lsld
lh=lj=;= gkf
tyf ;8s
ljefu
lh=lj=;= gkf tyf
;8s ljefu
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
glthf @=
kf]v/f ljdfG:yn dd{t ;'wf/
ko{6g tyf
gful/s
p8\oog
sfof{no
ko{6g tyf gful/s
p8\oog sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
ko{6g tyf
gful/s
p8\oog
sfof{no
hn oftfoftsf] ljsf; ;+efAotf
cWoog
lh=lj=;= lh=lj=;= gkf /fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
glthf #=
emf]n'+u] k'n dd{t tyf lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;= lh=lj=;= gk tyf
uflj;
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
3f]/]6f] af6f] lgdf{0f tyf dd{t
lh=lj=;= lh=lj=;= gk tyf
uflj;
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s,
pkef]Qmf
;ldlt, bft[
lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
76
!)=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
sfnf]kq] ;8s -lsdL_
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u|fd]n ug]{ -lsld_
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gfnL lgdf{0f lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
l;d]G6]8 l/6]G;g jfn 3=ld=
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
Uofljn jfP/ (Gavion
wire) 3=ld=
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
df]6/]jn k'n
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
shj] ;+Vof
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
/fhdfu{ dd{t ;'wf/ tyf
lj:tf/ lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lhNNff :t/sf ;8s dd{t
;'wf/ lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
zx/L ;8s dd{t ;'wf/
lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u|fld0f ;8s dd{t ;'wf/
lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gofF 6 «ofs vf]Ng] lsld
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @
kf]v/f ljdfG:yn dd{t ;'wf/
ko{6g tyf gful/s
p8\8og ljefu
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
77
hn oftfoftsf] ljsf;
;+efAotf cWoog
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #
emf]n'+u] k'n dd{t tyf lgdf{0f
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
3f]/]6f] af6f] lgdf{0f tyf
dd{t
lHfNnf cg'udg ;ldlt,
;8s ljefu lh=lj=;=
bft[ lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s
Pj+ jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
78
kl/R5]b !!
ljB't tyf phf{
!!=! e'ldsf
g]kfn ljZjd} hn>f]tsf] lx;fjn] wlg b]z, hnljB't pTkfgsf] lx;fjn] bf];|f] ;+efjgfo'Qm b]zsf] ?kdf ;d]t
lrlgG5 . sl/j *#))) d]ufjf6 hnljB't pTkfbg x'g ;Sg], h;dWo] $$ xhf/ d]ufjf6 hnljB't pTkfbg
ug{ k|fljlws Pj+ cfly{s lx;fjn] ;+efAo klg /x]sf]5 . t/ ljB't nf]8;]l8+u xfd|f] lgolt em} lgoldt aGb}
u/]sf] lj8Djgf klg 5 . ljB't P]g, @)$(, hn>f]t gLlt @)$(, phf{ cfof]u, phf{ ljsf; /0fgLlt ;d]t
th'{df / sfof{Gjog eOcfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] lgldQ hnljB't g} phf{sf] dxTjk"0f{ Pj+ e/kbf]{ ;+efAo >f]t
klg xf] . phf{ If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ gofF a}b]lzs ;fem]bf/, gljg k|ljlw, a}b]lzs Pj+ :jb]lz lghL nufgLstf{
cfslif{t ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . hnljB'tsf nfO;]G; lnP/ cf]u6\g] t/ ;+rfng gug]{, z'? ePsf cfof]hgf
klg ;dodf ;DkGg x'g /fhg}lts Pj+ l5d]ls b]zsf /0fg}lts :jfy{ 6lqmg] h:tf k|a[lQaf6 xfldsxfF
hnljB't If]qn] ck]lIft ljsf; x'g] cj;/ kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
o; lhNnfdf ;j} uflj;sf ;j} jl:tdf ljB'lts/0f, n3' hnljB'tsf] ljsf;, gofF ljB't cfof]hgfx?sf]
lgdf{0fdf k|f]T;fxg, k'/fgf kf]n Pj+ 6\fG;km/d/x?sf] k'g:yfkgf, ljB't ;]jfsf] e/kbf]{ Pj+ lgoldt cfk"lt{df
s]lGb|t x'g] u/L of] of]hgf tof/ kf/LPsf] 5 .
!!=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfsf ;j} uflj;x?df cf+lzs ljB'lts/0f ;]jf k'u]sf], t/ ;j} j:tLdf ;f] ;]jf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g, o;
lHfNnfdf 7'nf hnljB't cfof]hgfx? lgdff{0f x'g] qmdn] ltj|tf / d't{tf kfpb} uPsf] 5 . n3' hnljB't
pTkfbg klg x'b} u/]sf] cj:yf klg 5 . xfn o; lhNnnfsf] nflu #) d]ufjf6 ljB't cfjZos /x]sf] df
lhNnfsf] pTkfbgn] !)=% d]ufjf6 dfq cfk'lt{ ePsf] 5 / cfufdL % aif{ kl5 ljB'tsf] dfu $) d]ufjf6 k'Ug]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . afFsL gk'u ljB't aflx/af6 Nofpg' k/]sf] 5 ;fy} ;'Vvf ofddf !* 306f ;Dd nf]8
;]l8+u x'g] u/]sf] 5 . xfn o; lhNnfdf n3', ;fgf, demf}nf tyf 7"nf ul/ !) j6f eGbf of]hgfx? ;+rfngdf
/x]ssf tyf 7"nf b'O{ of]hgfx? lgdf{0flwg cj:yfdf /xg] 5g . h; af6 cfufdL % aif{ leqdf $) d]ufjf6
ljB't 'Tkfbg eO{ o; lhNnf nf]8 ;]l8ª d'Qm lhNnf 3f]if0ff x'g]5 .
t/ ljB't pTkfbg ;DjGwL cfof]hgfx? ;dod} z'? gx'g', z'? ePsf cfof]hgf klg ;dod} ;DkGg g'x'g a?
nfut a9\b} hfg', cfof]hgfx? z'? ug{ :yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf cfjfh sd ;'lgg' ;fy} cgfjZos dfu Pj+
d'cfjAhfsf] bflj / cGo /fhg}lts ld>Lt sf/0faf6 cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] ;xh jftfj/0f gx'g] u/]sf] klg
b]lvPsf] 5 .
n3' hnljB'tsf] ljsf;, gofF ljB't cfof]hgfx?sf] lgdf{0fdf k|f]T;fxg, k'/fgf kf]n Pj+ 6\fG;km/d/x?sf]
k'g:yfkgf, ljB't ;]jfsf] e/kbf]{ Pj+ lgoldt cfk"lt{df hf]8 lbg'kg]{ cfjZostf eg] sfod} 5 .
!!=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
hnljB't pTKffbg eO/]x]sf]
hn>f]tsf] k|r'/tf /x]sf]
hnljB't pTkfbgdf ;xhtf ePsf]
j}slNks phf{sf] lj:tf/ / k|jw{g ePsf]
;bjxf/ jxfj ePsf glbx? /x]sf]
cj;/x?
hnf;o o'Qm hnljB't pTkfbg ;+u} hnljxf/hGo
ko{6g pBf]usf] k|r'/ ;+efjgf
j}slNks phf{sf] lj:tf/ / k|jw{gsf] ;+efjgf /x]sf]
ljB't;]jf lhNnfleq ;j} hgtf Pj+ pBdnfO{ pknAw
u/fpg ;lsg]
sdhf]/ kIf
hn>f]tsf] Aofks pkof]u ug{ g;lsPsf]
r'gf}lt
d'cfAhf ljjfb ;xh agfpg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
79
lhNnf el/ ljB't se/]h gx'g'
clgolGqt ?kdf vf]nf gfnfsf] btf{ x'g'
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf lgsf;f gx'g'
d'cfAhf ljjfb
ljB't pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug]{
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;af6 l;lh{t e"IfonfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{
kfgLsf >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{
!!=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
sf:sL lHfNnf b]zs} k|d'v ljB't phf{ pTkfbs lhNnf .
!!=% p4]Zo
cfufdL % aif{df lhNnfnfO{ nf]8;]l8ª d'Qm agfpg] .
!!=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M cfufdL
% aif{df
lhNnfnfO{
nf]8;]l8ª d'Qm
agfpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ljB't pTkfbg !)=%
d]=jf=
$%
d]=jf
=
ljB'tsf] dfu #)
d]=jf=
$)
d]=jf
=
cfk'lt{ Go"g @)
d]=jf=
)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–g]=lj=k|flws/0fsf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
lghL Pj+
;/sf/L
nufgL
a9]sf] x'g]5
.
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f
ljsf; ug]{
glthf ! M
ljB't
pTkfbgdf a[l2
eO{ ;]jf
pkof]udf
lj:tf/ /
u'0f:t/ a[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cf+lzs ljB't ;]jf
k'u]sf] hg:f+Vof
k|ltzt
*) !))
nf]8;]l8+usf] cf}ift
306f
!) )
ljB't dfu -d]=jf=_ #) $)
ljB't cfk"lt{-
d]=jf=_
!)=* $)
lhNnfaf6 ljB't
lgof{t -d]=jf=_
) %
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–g]=lj=k|flws/0fsf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
lghL Pj+
;/sf/L
nufgL
a9]sf] x'g]5
.
nufgLsf]
jftfj/0f
ljsf; ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
80
!!=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
jfof] OlGhlgol/+u PJ+f r]s 8\ofd lgdf{0f ul/ ljB't u[x / k|0ffnLsf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
ljB't dd{tnfO{ kof{Kt ah]6 Aoj:yfkg / r'xfj6 lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
ljB'tsf] Jofj:yfklso kIfdf ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .
emf]nfdf vf]nf /fVg] k|0ffnLnfO{ lg?G;flxt ul/ lghL Pj+ ;xsf/L If]qsf] nufgL a9fpg k|f]T;flxt
ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo txdf ljB't nfOgsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ljB't r'xfj6 lgoGq0f ug{ :yfgLo ;d'bfo;+u ldn]/ sfo{
ul/g]5 .
sf:sL lhNnfnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf ljB't ;]jf pknAw u/fpg u|fld0f ljB'lts/0f ug{ ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Lsf]
gLlt lnOg]5 .
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L ;+3;F:yf tyf :yfgLo lgsfoaLr ;dGjo u/fO{ n3' hnljB't cfof]hgf ;~rfng
ug{ :yfgLo pkef]QmfnfO{ ;lqmo agfOg]5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf cGo ;+3 ;F:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf sf:sL lhNnfsf gbL gfnfx?af6 n3' hnljB't
pTkfbg ;DefJotf cWoog ug{ ;xof]u u/L ;DefJo b]lvPsf gbLgfnfx?af6 n3' hnljB't cfof]hgf
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
cfGt/Ls >f]t, g]kfn ;/sf/, bft[ ;F:yf Pj+ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf u|fdL0f
ljB'tLs/0fnfO{ ljsf; ug{ cfjZos sfo{ u/fOg]5 .
n3' hnljB't cfof]hgf ;~rfng ug{sf nflu lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ :yfgLo pkef]Stfx?df
;dGjo u/fOg]5 .
lhNnfsf] ljB't ljsf; k|f]kmfOn tof/ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt cg'?k hg;xeflutfTds
sfo{qmdnfO{ :yfgLo :t/df ljB't lj:tf/nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ub{} nlug]5 .
!!=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm
=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|fyld
stf
s|d
glthf !=
n3' tyf ;fgf
hnljB't of]hgf
lgdf{0f ;+Vof
10 1500 2200 2900 3200 5600 15400 7
demf}nf hnljB't
cfof]hgf lgdf{0f ;+Vof 3 24500 26500 56000 22500 76400 205900
6
7"nf hnljB't
cfo]hgf lgdf{0f ;+Vof 5 1540000 6500000 4350000 5350000 5650000 23390000
4
k'/fgf hnljB't
cfof]hgf dd{t tyf
;+ef/ ;+Vof
4 1500 2200 5400 1400 2100 12600 5
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
81
gofF laB't nfO{g
lj:tf/ lsld 50 2000 15000 34500 54600 36500 142600
3
laB't nfO{g dd{t
tyf ;'wf/ lsld 150 2000 3500 2400 3000 3500 14400
1
6«fG;km/d/sf] dd{t
tyf Ifdtf lj:tf/ -
uf]6f_
75 1000 2500 2000 1200 600 7300
2
hDdf M 1572500 6551900 4453200 5435900 5774700 23788200
!!=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't of]hgf
lgdf{0f ;+Vof
lh=lj=;=tyf
uflj;
:yflgoaf;L tyf
pkef]Qmf
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf,
zxsf/L, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
demf}nf hnljB't cfof]hgf
lgdf{0f ;+Vof
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf,
zxsf/L, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
7"nf hnljB't cfo]hgf lgdf{0f
;+Vof
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf,
zxsf/L, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
k'/fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf dd{t
tyf ;+ef/ ;+Vof
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf,
zxsf/L, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
gofF laB't nfO{g lj:tf/ lsld g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
laB't nfO{g dd{t tyf ;'wf/
lsld
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
pkef]Qmf, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
6«fG;km/d/sf] dd{t tyf Ifdtf
lj:tf/ -uf]6f_
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lglh If]q
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
k|efj If]sf
afl;Gbf,
zxsf/L, u};;
tyf bft[ lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
82
!!=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't of]hgf
lgdf{0f ;+Vof
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
demf}nf hnljB't cfof]hgf lgdf{0f
;+Vof
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
7"nf hnljB't cfo]hgf lgdf{0f ;+Vof g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
k'/fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf dd{t tyf
;+ef/ ;+Vof
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gofF laB't nfO{g lj:tf/ lsld g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
laB't nfO{g dd{t tyf ;'wf/ lsld g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
6«fG;km/d/sf] dd{t tyf Ifdtf
lj:tf/ -uf]6f_
g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f tyf
lgdf{0f sDkgL
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
Df"Vo of]hgfx? M
lgld{t hn ljB't cfof]hgfdf km]jf / ;]lt u/L !)=* d]ufjf6 /x]sf] 5 . To:t}M lgdf{0fflwg cfof]hgftkm{
dflb !@ d]=jf=, ?lb ^=* d]=jf=, db:So" l;Sn]; !) d]=jf=, u08ls $ d]=jf, l;Sn]; @ d]=jf=, ;flb{vf]nf $
d]=jf=, ck/ df]bL $@ d]=jf= ul/ hDDff &$=* d]=jf sf kl/of]hgfx? /x]sf] 5g\ . / t'?Gt} lgdf{0f ;'? x'g
nfu]sf 6"nf cfof]hgfx?df ;'k/ dflb @^ d]=jf= -;f]+wf b]lv rfF;' If]q_ / ck/ ;]tL @) d]=jf= /x]sf] 5g\ .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
83
kl/R5]b !@
gljs/0fLo tyf j}slNks phf{ ljsf;
!@=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf clwsf+z j:tL 5l/P/ /x]sf, /fli6\o ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg klg k'/\ofpg sl7g ePsf] If]qdf a}slNks
tyf gljs/0fLo phf{sf] k|of]u g} pko'Qm ljsNk klg xf] . g]kfnn] ;x>flAb ljsf; nIf, lbuf] ljsf;,
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/sf] Go"lgs/0f, n}+lus ;dfgtf, ;j}sf nflu lbuf] phf{sf] cjwf/0ff nufot
cGt//fli6\o:t/df ljleGg k|ltj4tf klg hgfPsf] 5 . bz} of]hgfaf6 g]kfnn] j}slNks tyf gljs/0fLo
phf{sf] ljsf; / k|jw{gdf ljz]if hf]8 lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . sfj{g OsfO{sf] :yfkgf, gljs/0fLo phf{af6 sl/j !#
k|ltzt g]kfnLnfO{ ljB't ;]jf k'u]sf] b]lvG5 .
lHfNnfsf] u|fld0f efudf /x]sf] bfp/f h:tf k/Dk/fut phf{dflysf] cToflws lge{/tf sd ug{, xl/t
cy{tGqnfO{ k|jw{g ug{, gljs/0fLo phf{ dfkm{t :yfgLo cfjZostf / jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng sfod ug{, 3/leqsf]
w'jf /lxt r'Nxf] cleofg ;+rfng ug{, ;f}o{ phf{sf] clwsfclws pkof]u ug{, gljs/0fLo phf{sf] k|jw{gaf5
n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{ ;lsg] ul/ j}slNks tyf gljs/0fLo phf{sf] ljsf; / k|jw{g ug{ of] of]hgfn]
ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .
!@=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf lhlj;df phf{, jftf/0f tyf hnjfo' cg's'ng zfvfsf] :yfkgf, phf{ gLltsf] tof/L, :jR5
ljsf; ;+oGq ljsf;, 3/leqsf] w'jf /lxt 3/ cleofg, jfof]Uof; k|jw{g sfo{qmd, ;f}o{ phf{ k|jw{g h:tf
sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng eO{ cfPsf] 5 . o; If]qsf] ljsf;df ;/sf/L, lghL, u}/;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo
cflb ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df sfo{ ePsf] klg kfOG5 .
!@=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
hn>f]tsf] k|r'/tf /x]sf]
hn>f]t pTkfbgdf ;xhtf ePsf]n] n3'
hnljB'tsf] ;+efjgf clws /x]sf]
lhNnfe/ s]lx uflj;df n3' hnljB't
pTkfbg ePsf]
j}slNks phf{sf] lj:tf/ / k|jw{g ePsf]
;f}o{ phf{sf] k|of]u a9]sf]
;f]nf/ ;fdfu|L ;Knfo;{ a9]sf
uf]j/Uof;sf] k|of]u a9]sf]
3/leqsf] w'jf /lxt cleofg z'?
;'wf/LPsf] r'Nxf] agfpg] hgzlQm pTkflbt
;'wf/LPsf] r'Nxf] k|of]u a9]sf]
afof] ljs|]6 k|ljlw k|of]u z'?
cj;/x?
;f]nf/sf] k|of]u a9fpg ;lsg]
;'wf/LPsf] r'Nxf] k|of]udf a[l4
jghGo kbfy{ k|of]u ul/ phf{ pkof]u ug]{ k|rng
36fpg]
j}slNks phf{sf] lj:tf/ / k|jw{gsf] ;+efjgf /x]sf]
hn>f]tsf] kof{Kt ePsf]n] phf{ / l;+rfO{ ug{ ;lsg]
uf]j/ Uof; k|of]u a9fpg]
sdhf]/ kIf
hn>f]tsf] Aofks pkof]u ug{ g;lsPsf]
lhNnf el/ ljB't se/]h gx'g'
clgolGqt ?kdf vf]nf gfnfsf] btf{ x'g'
r'gf}lt
a}1fgLs e"pkof]u gLlt agfO{ nfu' ug]{
n3' hn ljB't pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug]{
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j}slNks phf{sf] ljsf; u/L k/Dk/fut ?kjf6 k|of]u e}/x]sf] phf{sf] jrt u/L jftfj/0fLo kIfdf ;'wf/ Pj+
lhNnfnfO{ nf]8 ;]l8Ëd'Qm jgfpg 6]jf k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
!@=% p4]Zo
u|fdL0f O{nfsfdf :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;xof]udf j}slNks phf{sf >f]tx?sf] kl/rfng / k/Dk/fut phf{sf] k|of]u
pNn]Vo ?kdf sd eO{ hgtfsf] hLJfg:t/ a[l4df a[l4 ug]{ .
!@=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
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p4]Zo M u|fdL0f
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.
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g]kfn ;/sf/, bft[ ;F:yf, u};;sf] ;xof]udf u|fdL0f j}slNks pmhf{sf] ljsf; ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ .
j}slNks pmhf{ ;~rfngsf] nflu lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ :yfgLo pkef]Stfx?df ;dGjo ug]{ .
ko{6sLo dfu{df kg]{ xf]6n Jofj;foLx?nfO{ j}slNks pmhf{sf] dxTj, cfjZostfsf] af]w u/fpFb} k|of]u
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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kl/R5]b !#
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dflgG5 . ;"rgf k|ljlw gLlt, @)^&, ;~rf/ P]g Pj+ ;~rf/ gLlt klg th'{df / sfof{Gjog eO{ cfPsf] 5 .
^ j6f 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfosx?n] k|lt:kwf{sf ;fy ;]jf k|jfx ul//x]sf, @ s/f]8 eGbf al9 6]lnkmf]g ljt/0f
ePsf, $() /]l8of]x? ;+rfng ePsf, sl/j &@ nfv g]kfnLx?n] OG6/g]6 ;'ljwf lnPsf / sl/j & xhf/
kqklqsf btf{ eO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
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lj:tf/, 6]lnkmf]g Pj+ df]jfOn ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/Lo Pj+ ;+VofTds ljsf;df yk 6]jf lbg] u/L of] of]hgf th'{df
ul/Psf] 5 .
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lhNnfsf ;j} uflj;df df]jfOn ;]jf PJf+ OG6/g]6 k]lg6\]zg ;+ej ePsf] 5 . /]l8of], kqklqsf, s]jn Rofgn
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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kqsf] cfbfg k|bfg ePsf] x'g]5 .
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
91
!#=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
Od]n, OG6/g]6sf] k|of]u / ljsf;nfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ lghLIf]qnfO{ k|f]t;flxt ul/g]5 .
x'nfs ;]jfsf] ljsf; / k|efjsfl/tfdf clej[l4 ug{sf nflu eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf
k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ / l56f] 5l/tf] tyf k|efjsf/L agfpg Wofg lbOg]5 .
;dosf] dxTj a9\b} uPsf] cj:yfdf l56f], 5l/tf] / k|efjsf/L ;~rf/ dfWodsf] ?kdf
b"/ ;~rf/nfO{ k|To]s uflj;sf] x/]s j8fdf qmlds ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ k|of; ul/g]5 .
b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jfdf ;+nUg k|fljlws dWod tyf lgDg :t/sf hgzlQmx?nfO{ :yfgLo
tflndsf] cj;/ pknAw u/fOg]5 .
lghL If]q cfsif{0f gx'g] ljs6 kxf8L If]qsf nflu 5'§} gLlt th'{df u/L nfu" ul/g]5 /
lghL If]qnfO{ ;+nUg u/fO{ ;~rf/ ;]afnfO{ ;j{ ;'ne u/fOg]5 .
;'rgf k|j'l4sf] k|of]u dfkm{t :yflgo hgtfsf] cfly{s,;fdflhs ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
zxl/ If]qdf cK6Lsn kmfOj/ Pj+ u|fdL0f If]qdf jfo/n];, OG6/g]6 ;]jfnfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfOg] 5 .
kq kqLsf k|sf;gdf u'0f:tl/otf / lgoldttf ckgfOg] 5 .
!#=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|fyld
stf
s|d ;+=
6]nLkmf]g n]g nfOg
lj:tf/, dd{t tyf
Aoa:yfkg
;+Vof
1200 2500 3000 2400 3000 12100 4
df]jfOn 6fj/sf]
Ifdtf lj:tf/
;+Vof
2000 24500 25000 34000 7650 93150 5
clK6sn kmfOj/
s]jnsf] lj:tf/
lsld 5000 15000 15000 15000 15000 65000
6
;'rgf s]Gbsf]
Aoa:yfkg
;+:of 500 500 2000 2000 5000
7
lhNnfsf] ljsf;
ultljlwnfO /]l8of]
tyf l6le 4f/f k|;f/0f
tyf klqsfdf k|sf;g
k6s 300 400 500 600 600 2400
1
kqsf/x?sf nflu
k]zfut bIftf tflnd
;+Vof 200 200 250 250 300 1200
2
a|f]8Aof08 OG6/g]6
;]jf lj:tf/
22000 13000 17500 17500 17500 87500 3
hDdf M 30700 56100 61750 71750 46050 266350
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
92
!#=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
6]nLkmf]g n]g nfOg lj:tf/,
dd{t tyf Aoa:yfkg
g]kfn 6]nLsd ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
df]jfOn 6fj/sf] Ifdtf lj:tf/ g]kfn 6]nLsd ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
clK6sn kmfOj/ s]jnsf] lj:tf/ g]kfn 6]nLsd ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
;'rgf s]Gbsf] Aoa:yfkg lh=lj=;=, ;'rgf
ljefu
;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
kqsf/
dxf;+3
u};;,
;/sf/L, u}/sf/L Pj+ lghL {
ljsf; ultljlwnfO /]l8of] tyf
l6le 4f/f k|;f/0f tyf klqsfdf
k|sf;g k|jw{g
lh=lj=;= lh=lj=;= kqsf/
dxf;+3
ldl8ofx?
kqsf/x?sf nflu k]zfut bIftf
tflnd
kqsf/ dxf;+3 kqsf/ dxf;+3 kqsf/
dxf;+3
u};;,
a|f]8Aof08 OG6/g]6 ;]jf lj:tf/
!#=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
6]nLkf]g n]g nfOg lj:tf/, dd{t tyf
Aoa:yfkg
g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
df]jfOn 6fj/sf] Ifdtf lj:tf/ g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
clK6sn kmfOj/ s]jnsf] lj:tf/ g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;'rgf s]Gbsf] Aoa:yfkg g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;/sf/L, u}/sf/L Pj+ lghL { ljsf;
ultljlwnfO /]l8of] tyf l6le 4f/f
k|;f/0f tyf klqsfdf k|sf;g k|jw{g
g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
kqsf/x?sf nflu k]zfut bIftf
tflnd
g]kfn 6]nLsd rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
a|f]8Aof08 OG6/g]6 ;]jf lj:tf/
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
93
kl/R5]b !$
u|fld0f–zx/L ljsf;, e"pkof]u / kmf]xf]d}nf Aoj:yfkg
!$=! e'ldsf
d'n'se/ ;fj{hlgs ejg, lghL cfjf; lgdf{0fsf] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfndf ;/sf/L ejg sl/j
Ps nfv krf; xhf/ / lghL ejg sl/j %) nfv /x]sf 5g\ . 7'nf gu/If]qdf ejg ;+lxtf ;d]t nfu"
ul/Ps]f 5, tyflk To;sf] k|efjsf/L ?Kfdf nfu" x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lj=;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ sl/j
!& k|ltzt dflg;x? gu/kflnsf ePsf zx/df j:b5g\ .
t/ hgu0fgfdf ;dfj]z g'x] c:yflo hg;+Vof / gu/kfnLsf gePsf zlx/L If]q ;d]t ubf{ g]kfnsf] zx/L
If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ hg;+Vof sl/j @$ k|ltzt / sl/j &^ k|ltzt dflg; u|fld0f If]qdf a;f]jf; ub{5g\ .
b]zdf sl/j !(! gu/kfnLsfx? / #@&^ uflj;x? /x]sf 5g\ . zx/L If]qdf pko'Qm e' pkof]u gLltsf] cefj
tyf ePsf] gLltsf] sfof[Gjog kIfdf lkmtnf] cj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf zx/L If]qdf e'mk|f j:tL, cAojl:yt a;f]jf;,
hUuf hldgsf] hyfeflj Pj+ dgnfUbL pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5 h;n] ubf{ zx/sf] k|f?k g} s'?k ag]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf pknAw hUufsf] a}1flgs pkof]u, Aojl:yt ufpF Pj+ zx/sf] ljsf;, ufpF gu/ ;fem]bf/Lsf]
lgdf{0f h:tf kIfnfO{ yk hf]8 lbO{ ljsf; sfo{nfO{ cufl9 a9fpg] Wo]osf ;fy of] of]hgf agfOPsf] 5 .
!$=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
zx/Ls/0fsf] k|lqmofn] ;]jf, ;'ljwf / cj;/x? lj:tf/ ug]{ ePsf]n] dflg;x?sf] :jefljs cfsif{0f zx/tkm{
x'g] ub{5 / o; lhNnfdf klg ;f]lx ls;Ldsf] c;/ u/]sf] klg 5 . em08} cfwf hg;+Vofsf] xf/fxf/Ldf zx/
s]lGb|t x'g yfn]sf] 5 . h;af6 zx/df pknAw l;ldt ;fdflhs / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;]jfx?df cltl/Qm rfk
kg{ uPsf] 5 . zx/L If]qdf ;8sx? ;f3'/f x'g yfn]sf 5g\, ;jf/L rfk a9]sf] 5, Wjlg Pj+ jfo' k|b'if0f
a9]sf] 5, vfg]kfgLsf] ;d:of a9]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ ufpFx? o'jf ljlxg, kf}/lv xft ljlxg, pTkfbg ljlxg h:t}
ePsf] 5 .
o;/L ufpF / zx/aLr ;'dw'/ k|efj / ;DjGw sd x'b} uPsf] 5 . ljsl;t b]zdf h:t}M cj g]kfn Pj+ o;
lhNnfdf klg zx/n] ufpFnfO{ ;s/fTds lzIff, l;k, k|ljlw, ahf/sf] ;'ljwf, s[lifhGo pGgt ljpm Pj+
pks/0f, /f]huf/L cflb ;]jf lbg'kg]{ / ufpFn] zx/nfO{ hgzlQm, s[lifhGo pTKffbg, vfgf, t/sf/L, kmnkm'n,
df;', b'w, pBf]usf] nflu sRrf kbfy{ lbO{ ufpF / gu/ b'j}sf] Ps;fy Pj+ cGt/lge{/ ljsf; ug]{ jftfj/0f
l;h{gf ul//xg] l:ytL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . lhNnfdf pknAw hldgsf] s] s;/L dxQd 9+un] ljsf; pkfof]u
ug{ ;lsG5, ;f] jf/] ljrf/ ul/ cufl9 a9\g'kg]{ x'G5 .
!$=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
gu/kfnLsf /x]sf]
zx/Ls/0f / ;fgf zxl/ s]Gb|x?sf] ljsf;
ePsf]
zx/LIf]qdf hUufsf] s]lx dfqfdf dfkb08 /x]sf]
zx/L If]qdf cfw'lgs ;'ljwfx? lj:tf/} j9\b}
uPsf]
cj;/x?
e"pkof]u gLlt, hUufsf] pkof]usf] dfkb08 agfO{
nfu" ug]{
gu/ If]qdf ;d]t ;fxl;s ko{6lso lqmofsnfkx?
;+rfng ug{ ;lsg]
gu/kfnLsf j/k/sf] If]q hf]l8 7'nf] gu/kfnLsf jf
Aojl:yt gd'gf zx/ jgfpg ;lsg]
Nof08 hf]lg+u ug{ ;lsg]
rfSnf ;8s, 9n, gfnL, dgf]/Ghg kfs{, pBfg,
;x/L jg Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;lxg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
94
sdhf]/ kIf
gu/kfnLsfsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ kof{Kt jh]6
gx''g', ;dodf lgsf;f gx'g'
cAojl:yt a;f]jf;
em'k|f j:tL
e"pkof]u ;DjGwL :ki6 gLlt gx'g'
e"ldsf] vl08s/0f gx'g'
l;+lrt e"lddf ltj| zx/Ls/0f x'g'
e"pkof]u gLlt gx'g'
r'gf}lt
cAojl:yt a;fO{+ ;/fO{ / zx/Ls/0fnfO{ Aojl:yt
agfpg]
a}1fgLs e"pkof]u gLlt agfO{ nfu' ug]{
;fj{hlgs hldgsf] cltqmd0f, cAojl:yt ;'s'Djfl;
;d:of x6fO{ hldgsf] ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]u a9fpg]
e"Ifo tyf glb s6fgnfO{ 36fpg]
hn, jfo', WjgL nufot jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
9n agfpg]
8DkL+u ;fO6sf] lbuf] Aoj:yf
;/;kmfO{ Pj+ kmf]x/ Aoj:yfkg
!$=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
Aojl:yt, ;kmf, cfw'lgs k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;]jf ;'ljwfo'Qm al:t tyf zx/x?sf] ljsf; Pj+ u|fld0f zxl/ ;DjGw
;'b[9 ePsf] x'g]5 .
!$=% p4]Zo
u|fld0f / zxl/If]qsf] ;s/fTds cGt/;DjGw ljsf;, Aojl:yt e"pkof]u Pj+ kmf]xf]/sf] Aoj:yfkg u/L
lhNnfafl;sf] cfw'lgs / ;Eo hLjgz}lnsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
!$=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M u|fld0f
/ zxl/If]qsf]
;s/fTds
cGt/;DjGw
ljsf;,
Aojl:yt
e"pkof]u Pj+
kmf]xf]/sf]
Aoj:yfkg u/L
lhNnfafl;sf]
cfw'lgs / ;Eo
hLjgz}lnsf]
ljsf; ug]{ .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
kf]v/fdf dxfgu/
:yfkgf
) !
kf]v/f PJf+ n]vgfy
zx/L l/+u/f]8
lgdf{0f
) !
e"pkof]u gLlt
Pj+ Nof08 hf]lg+u
tof/ / nfu"
) !
e"pkof]u of]hgf
tof/L / nfu"
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kf]=p=d=g=kf / n]=g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M
u|fld0f tyf
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo –lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
95
zx/L ;s/fTds
cGt/;DjGw
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
ufpF Pj+ zx/sf
;fj{hlgs
;DKflQx?sf] nut
/fVg] uflj; Pj+
g=kf=
) #$
u|fld0f Pj+ zx/L
cGt/;DjGw
;DjGwL ufpF Pj+
gu/df tflnd
) #)
;fgf zx/x?sf]
Aojl:yt ljsf;
) $
gofF Pj+ cfw'lgs
;'ljwfo'Qm
cf}Bf]lus If]qsf]
:yfkgf
) !
k'/fgf] cf}Bf]lus
If]qsf] :t/f]Gglt
! !
–kf]=p=d=g=kf / n]=g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @
e"pkof]u gLlt
Pj+ of]hgf nfu"
eO{ Aojl:yt
j:tL tyf
zx/x?sf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
e"pkof]u gLlt
Pj+ Nof08 hf]lg+u
tof/ / nfu"
) !
e"pkof]u of]hgf
tof/L / nfu"
) !
kf]v/f Pj++
n]vgfynfO{ 7'nf
zx/sf] ?kdf
ljsf;
! @
ljkGg hgtf
cfjf; lgdf{0f-
:yfg_
@ %
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kf]=p=d=g=kf / n]=g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf # M
cfw'lgs zx/L
;'ljwfx?sf]
ljsf; /
ef}lts
k"jf{wf/x?sf]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
kf]v/fdf dxfgu/
:yfkgf
) !
kf]v/f PJf+ n]vgfy ) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kf]=p=d=g=kf / n]=g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
96
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
zx/L l/+u/f]8
lgdf{0f
v'nf :yfg Pj+
kfs{x?sf] lgdf{0f
! (
ljBdfg ;efu[xsf]
;'wf/ / gofF
cGt//fli6\o:t/sf]
;efu[x lgdf{0f
! @
^ n]gsf ;x/L
sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
) !)
$ n]gsf ;x/L
sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
@ !)
7'nf] Pj+ cfw'lgs
;'ljwfo'Qm a;kfs{
lgdf{0f
) @
;fgf a;kfs{x?sf]
:t/f]Gglt -:f+Vof_
@ @
glthf $M ufpF
Pj+ zx/df
kmf]xf]/d}nf
Aoj:yfkg Pj+
9nsf]
k|efjsf/L ?kdf
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
u|fld0fs]Gb|df
Nof08lkmn ;fO6
:yfkgf
! %
kf]v/f / n]vgfydf
Aojl:yt
Nof08lkmn ;fO6
:yfkgf
! @
kmf]xf]/ k|zf]wg
s]Gb| :yfkgf
) @
9nsf] nDjfO{ lsld ) !)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–kf]=p=d=g=kf / n]=g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!$=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
lhNnfsf] e"pkof]u gLlt tyf gS;f agfO nfu" ug{ k|of; ul/g]5 .
e";+/If0f sfo{qmd dfkm{t hnfwf/ If]qsf] jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
97
:yfgLo hldgsf] pQd pkfof]u ug{ pkef]Stf ;d"x, u}/;/sf/L ;F:yf, ;/sf/L ;F:yf /
lghL If]q;+u ;fem]bf/L tyf ;dGjo ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
cf–cfˆgf] If]qsf] ljsf; Joj:yfkgdf ;a} kIfsf] lg0f{o k|lqmofdf hgtfnfO{ ;xefuL
agfpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo of]hgf k|lt ;a} ;/f]sf/ ;d"xsf] lhDd]jf/L jf]w u/fpg
!$=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
ah]6 =
)&@⁄&# ah]6
)&#⁄&$
ah]6
)&$⁄&% ah]6
)&%⁄&^ ah]6
)&^⁄&& hDdf
ah]6
k|fyld
stf
s|d ;+=
glthf !=
ufpF Pj+ g=kf= sf
;fj{hlgs ;DKflQx?sf]
nut tof/ #$ 0 800 750 1550
4
u|fld0f Pj+ zx/L
cGt/;DjGw ;DjGwL
ufpF Pj+ gu/df tflnd
% 40 40 40 40 40 200
1
;fgf zx/x?sf]
Aojl:yt ljsf; $ 200 11500 34000 2350 4500 52550
5
gofF Pj+ cfw'lgs
;'ljwfo'Qm cf}Bf]lus
If]qsf] :yfkgf
! 500 650000 630000 562000 360000 2202500
2
k'/fgf] cf}Bf]lus If]qsf]
:t/f]Gglt ! 3000 4000 500 7500
3
glthf @=
e"pkof]u gLlt Pj+
Nof08 hf]lg+u tof/ /
nfu"
! 2300 4000 6300
6
e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/L
/ nfu" ! 2500 2500
7
kf]v/f Pj++ n]vgfynfO{
7'nf zx/sf] ?kdf
ljsf;
@ 2500 2500 4500 9500
8
ljkGg hgtf cfjf;
lgdf{0f -:yfg_ % 200 200 200 200 800
10
glthf #=
v'nf :yfg Pj+ kfs{x?sf]
lgdf{0f ( 300 2000 3200 1250 900 7650
9
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
98
ljBdfg ;efu[xsf] ;'wf/
/ gofF
cGt//fli6\o:t/sf]
;efu[x lgdf{0f
@ 500 43250 14500 16500 5460 80210
11
^ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/
lgdf{0f !) 450 3460 8500 9600 12000 34010
14
$ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/
lgdf{0f lsld @) 5000 20000 50000 20000 20000 115000
13
7'nf] Pj+ cfw'lgs
;'ljwfo'Qm a;kfs{
lgdf{0f
@ 2000 8300 7500 3500 1200 22500
12
;fgf a;kfs{x?sf]
:t/f]Gglt -:f+Vof_ @ 100 300 200 600
15
glthf $=
u|fld0fs]Gb|df Nof08lkmn
;fO6 :yfkgf % 300 400 800 400 1900
17
kf]v/f / n]vgfydf
Aojl:yt Nof08lkmn
;fO6 :yfkgf
@ 270 3500 3520 2300 2500 12090
19
kmf]xf]/ k|zf]wg s]Gb|
:yfkgf @ 150 300 120 570
18
9nsf] lgdf{0f lsld @) 300 1200 2400 2500 1100 7500 16
hDdf M 9660 752800 768510 626160 408300 2565430
!$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
ufpF Pj+ g=kf= sf ;fj{hlgs
;DKflQx?sf] nut tof/
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
u|fld0f Pj+ zx/L cGt/;DjGw
;DjGwL ufpF Pj+ gu/df tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
;fgf zx/x?sf] Aojl:yt ljsf;
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
99
gofF Pj+ cfw'lgs ;'ljwfo'Qm
cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] :yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
k'/fgf] cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] :t/f]Gglt
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
glthf @=
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
e"pkof]u gLlt Pj+ Nof08
hf]lg+u tof/ / nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/L / nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
kf]v/f Pj++ n]vgfynfO{ 7'nf
zx/sf] ?kdf ljsf;
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
ljkGg hgtf cfjf; lgdf{0f-
:yfg_
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
glthf #=
kf]v/fdf dxfgu/ :yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
kf]v/f PJf+ n]vgfy zx/L l/+u/f]8
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
v'nf :yfg Pj+ kfs{x?sf] lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
ljBdfg ;efu[xsf] ;'wf/ / gofF
cGt//fli6\o:t/sf] ;efu[x
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
^ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
$ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
7'nf] Pj+ cfw'lgs ;'ljwfo'Qm
a;kfs{ lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
100
;fgf a;kfs{x?sf] :t/f]Gglt -
:f+Vof_
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
glthf $=
u|fld0fs]Gb|df Nof08lkmn ;fO6
:yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
kf]v/f / n]vgfydf Aojl:yt
Nof08lkmn ;fO6 :yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
kmf]xf]/ k|zf]wg s]Gb| :yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
9nsf] lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
gu/kfnLsfx?
Uflj;,
Gfu/kflnsfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
zxl/ ljsf;
l8lehg
bftf, u};;,
lghL If]q
!$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
ufpF Pj+ g=kf= sf ;fj{hlgs
;DKflQx?sf] nut tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
u|fld0f Pj+ zx/L cGt/;DjGw ;DjGwL
ufpF Pj+ gu/df tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;fgf zx/x?sf] Aojl:yt ljsf;
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
gofF Pj+ cfw'lgs ;'ljwfo'Qm cf}Bf]lus
If]qsf] :yfkgf
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
k'/fgf] cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] :t/f]Gglt
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf @=
e"pkof]u gLlt Pj+ Nof08 hf]lg+u
tof/ / nfu"
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/L / nfu"
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
101
kf]v/f Pj++ n]vgfynfO{ 7'nf zx/sf]
?kdf ljsf;
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ljkGg hgtf cfjf; lgdf{0f-:yfg_
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf #=
kf]v/fdf dxfgu/ :yfkgf
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
kf]v/f PJf+ n]vgfy zx/L l/+u/f]8
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
v'nf :yfg Pj+ kfs{x?sf] lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ljBdfg ;efu[xsf] ;'wf/ / gofF
cGt//fli6\o:t/sf] ;efu[x lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
^ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
$ n]gsf ;x/L sf]l/8f]/ lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
7'nf] Pj+ cfw'lgs ;'ljwfo'Qm a;kfs{
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;fgf a;kfs{x?sf] :t/f]Gglt -:f+Vof_
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf $=
u|fld0fs]Gb|df Nof08lkmn ;fO6
:yfkgf
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
kf]v/f / n]vgfydf Aojl:yt
Nof08lkmn ;fO6 :yfkgf
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
kmf]xf]/ k|zf]wg s]Gb| :yfkgf
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
9nsf] lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
103
kl/R5]b !%
lzIff
!%=! e'ldsf
xfnsf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] ;d]t lzIff tyf ;+:s[ltnfO{ df}lns xssf ?Kfdf :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . lzIffnfO{
g]kfnL dfqfsf] cfwf/e't dfgj clwsf/sf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ub}{ dfWoflds tx;Ddsf] lzIffnfO{ lgMz'Ns ug]{
k|ltj4tf, ;+:s[ltsf] cjnDjg / cEof; ug]{ :jtGqtf ;d]t k|Tofe"t u/]sf] 5 . b]zaf6 lg/If/tf pGd'ng
ub}{ u'0f:t/o'Qm lzIffdf kx'Fr a[l4, ;j}sf nflu lzIff ;lxt ;x>flab ljsf; nIf xfl;n ug]{ / ;g\ @)@@
;Dddf g]kfnnfO{ cNkljsl;t /fi6\af6 ljsf;lzn /fi6\sf] ?kdf :t/f]Gglt ug]{ lb3{sflng ;f]r xfl;n ug]{
tkm{ lzIff If]qsf k|of;x? s]lGb|t 5g\ .
o; lhNnfnfO{ g} k"0f{ ;fIf/ lHfNnf agfpg] ul/ cfwf eGbf al9 uflj;x?nfO{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff ug{ k|of;x?
cufl9 ltj|t/ lx;fjdf a9]sf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df, ;/sf/L tyf lghLIf]q, u}/;/sf/L If]q, :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
;d'bfo ;d]t ;xeflu / pQ/bflo eO{ ;du| z}lIfs k|0ffnL, k|lqmof / lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ z}lIfs ;'zf;gsf]
l;4fGt cg';f/ ;+rfng ug]{, z}lIfs ;]jfk|jfxnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] agfpg], lzIffdf u'0f:t/Lotf, k|fljlws lzIff
Pj+ tflnddf a9fjf lbg], ljBfnox?nfO} afnd}qL agfpg], ljBfnox?sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/nfO{ cfw'lgs /
;'ljwf ;DkGg agfpg] tkm{ of] of]hgf cu|;/ u/fpg] k|of; ePsf] 5 .
To;} ul/ o; lhNnfdf xfn;Ddsf] pknAwLsf] hudf k|fKt cj;/x?sf] pkof]u u/L PSsfO;f}+ ztflAbsf
r'gf}ltx?sf] ;fdgf / k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] ul/ ;dfj]lz, ;dGoflos / u'0f:t/o'Qm z}lIfs k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/
;Ifd, st{Aolgi7 tyf pTkfbglzn hgzlQm ljsf; ug]{ ;jfndf of] of]hgf kmnbflo x''g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .
!%=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfnfO{ g} k"0f{ ;fIf/ lHfNnf agfpg] ul/ cfwf eGbf al9 uflj;x?nfO{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff ug{ k|of;x?
cufl9 ltj|t/ lx;fjdf a9]sf] 5 . lzIffdf u'0f:t/Lotf, k|fljlws lzIff Pj+ tflnddf a9fjf ;d]t lbOb}
cfPsf] 5 . ljBfnox?nfO} afnd}qL agfpg], ljBfnox?sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/nfO{ cfw'lgs / ;'ljwf ;DkGg
agfpg] lx;fjn] sfo{x? cufl9 a9]sf] kfOG5 .
;/sf/L tyf lghLIf]q, u}/;/sf/L If]q, :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ ;d'bfo ;d]t ;xeflu / pQ/bflo eO{ ;du| z}lIfs
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ ;xsfo{ / ;xofqf klg ePsf] b]Vg ;lsG5 .
!%=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
ljBfno txdf of]hgfsf] yfngL ePsf]
:yfgLo >f]t ;fwgsf] clwstd k|of]usf]
k|of; ePsf]
ljBfly{ egf{ b/df pNn]Vo a[l4 ePsf]
u};;x?;+u ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df a[l4 ePsf]
lzIffsf] cfjlws of]hgf /x]sf]
cj;/
ljBfnosf] Aoj:yfkg ;d'bfon] lhDdf lng] sfo{sf]
z'?jft ePsf]
jfnljsf; s]Gb|x?sf] ;+rfngdf :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; / ;d'bfon] lhDd]jf/L lnb} uPsf]
:yfgLo lgsfon] ljBfnodf ljBfly{ egf{, ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ ;'wf/, >f]t ;+sng Pj+ kl/rfngdf ckgTj
ln+b} hfg yfn]sf]
sdhf]/ kIf
nIo cg'?ksf] ah]6 geO{ sld ljlgof]hg x'g'
ljBfnox?sf] ck]lIft Ifdtfsf] a[l4 x'g
g;s]sf]
z}lIfs u'0f:t/df sld /x]sf]
ljBfly{ egf{b/ ;+u} l6sfpb/ 36fpg sl7gfO{
r'gf}lt
z}lIfs u'0f:t/df ck]lIft ;'wf/
l6sfpb/df sld Nofpg'
ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltdf ;dfj]lz ;xeflutf
sfod ug'{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
104
ljs]lGb|t z}lIfs of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sg'
ljb\ofno xftfleq n}l8=us lx+;f x6fpg
g;lsPsf]
ljb\ofno cg'udgnfO{ k|efjsf/L t'nofpg
g;lsPsf]
vr{ ug]{ gD;{df ;do;fk]If ;'wf/ x'g ;s]g
afnd}qL, 5fqf / ckf8=ud}qL k"jf{wf/sf] sdL
;fd'bflos ljBfnox?df ljBfly{ ;+Vof 36\g glbg'
k|fljlws lzIffsf] lj:tf/
lzIffdf /fhgLlt
blnt ;d'bfosf] pRrlIffdf kx'Fr
clgoldt z}lIfs ;+:yf :yfkgf / ;~rfngsf]
lgodg
z}lIfs hgzlQmsf] ljb]z knfog
!%=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
hLjgkof]lu / u'0ffTds lzIffsf] dfWodaf6 lbuf] ljsf; ul/ ;j}sf nflu u'0f:t/Lo lzIff ;'lglZrt ePsf] x'g]5 .
!%=% p4]Zo
cfwf/e't lzIff tkm{ ;j}sf nflu lzIffnfO{ lgjf{w clwsf/sf ¿kdf lnO{ ljb\ofnodf afnd}qL jftfj/0f
dfkm{t\ ;dtfd'ns tyf u'0f:t/Lo lzIffdf kx'Frsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ % b]lv !@ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf
afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;dtfd"ns kx'Frsf] ;'lglZttf ub}{ u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|flKtdf cu|;/ x'g] .
!%=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
cfwf/e't lzIff
tkm{ ;j}sf
nflu lzIffnfO{
lgjf{w
clwsf/sf
¿kdf lnO{
ljb\ofnodf
afnd}qL
jftfj/0f dfkm{t\
;dtfd'ns tyf
u'0f:t/Lo
lzIffdf
kx'Frsf]
;'lglZrttf ug{
% b]lv !@ jif{
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
k|fljlws wf/
;~rfng ug]{
ljb\ofno 2 8 ljz]if ljb\ofno 2 2 s[lif SofDk; 0 1 k|fljlws wf/
;~rfng ug]{
ljb\ofno 2 8 P:f=PNf=;L= pQL0f{
k|ltzt 72 80 k|fylds txsf] v'b
egf{b/ 98.1 100 sIff ! sf] bf]xf]/fpg]
b/ 6.2 0
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
lqljlj kf]ljlj, sfljlj
tyf lzIff dGqfnosf]
aflif{s k|ltj]bg
s]tljsf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
105
pd]/ ;d"xsf
afnaflnsfx¿
sf] ;dtfd"ns
kx'Frsf]
;'lglZttf ub}{
u'0f:t/Lo lzIff
k|flKtdf cu|;/
x'g] .
glthf ! M
ljBfno egf{
b/ a9]sf] x'g]5
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
afnljsf; s]Gb|sf]
;xh} b]lvg] egf{ b/
169.2 100
afnljsf; s]Gb|sf]
;xh} b]lvg] egf{ b/ 191 151 afnljsf; s]Gb|
dfkm{t sIff ! Dff
egf{ 51 70
sIff ! sf] ;xh}{}
b]lvg] k|j]z b/
137.2 115
sIff !sf] v'b
k|j]zb/ 97.2 100 k|fylds txsf] v'b
egf{b/ 98.1 100 lg=df=lj= txsf] v'b
b]lvg] egf{ b/ 96.8 98 cfwf/e't txsf] v'b
egf{b/ -!–*_ 97.5 99 df=lj= txsf] v'b]
egf{ b/ -(–!@_ 51 68
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
ljBfnosf] sIff
plQ0f{ b/ a9]sf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sIff ! sf] plQ0f{b/ 83.9 90 k|fylds txsf]
plQ0f{b/ 92.2 97 sIff ! sf] bf]xf]/fpg]
b/ 6.2 0 k|fylds txsf]
bf]xf]/fpg] b/ 3.2 1 lgDg dfWolds
txsf] bf]xf]/fpg] b/ 3.9 1.5 dfWolds tx -(–
!)_ sf] bf]xf]/fpg]
b/ 3.7 1 P:f=PNf=;L= pQL0f{
k|ltzt 72 80 k|fylds txsf]
l;sfO{ pknlJw 59.5 60
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
106
lgDgdfWolds txsf]
l;sfO[ pknlJw 46.6 52 dfWolds txsf]
l;sfO[ pknlJw 43.9 50
glthf # M sIff
5f8\g] b/df
sld cfPsf] x'g]
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sIff ! sf] 5f8\g] b/ 9.9 5 k|fylds txsf]
5f8\g] b/ 4.7 2 lgDg dfWolds
txsf] 5f8\g] b/ 5.4 2 dfWolds tx -(–
!)_ sf] 5f8\g] b/ 5.4 3
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf $ M
tflnd k|fKt
lzIfssf]
;+Vofdf a[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
k'0f{ tflnd k|fKt
lzIfs k|fylds 94.9 100 k'0f{ tflnd k|fKt
lzIfs
lgDgdfWolds 83 100 k'0f{ tflnd k|fKt
lzIfs dfWolds 89.3 100 k'0f{ tflnd k|fKt
lzIfs
pRrdfWolds 71.6 80
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf % M
ljBfnox?df
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
kof{Kt x'g] PJ+f
afnd}qL
ljBfno ;+Vof
a9]sf] x'g]5g .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
Nofj ePsf] dflj
;+Vof 60 110 Og6/g]6 ePsf]
ljb\ofno ;+Vof 120 167 k':tsfno ePsf]
ljb\ofno ;+Vof 108 210 ljb\ofnodf
:oflg6/L Kof8sf]
Joj:yf 40 110 ljb\ofnodf
v]nd}bfg 60 hDdf ljb\ofno
;+Vof 630 630 ;|f]tsIff ;~rfng 10 10 afnljsf;s]Gb|
;~rfng 589 600
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
107
glthf ^ pRr
lzIff, k|fljlws
lzIff, a}slNks
lzIff, ;dflxt
lzIff ;lxt
cGo z}lIfs
jftfj/0fsf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
k|fljlws wf/
;~rfng ug]{
ljb\ofno 2 8 ljz]if ljb\ofno 2 2 s[lif SofDk; 0 1 Pg]S; ljb\ofno 1 1
hDdf ljb\ofno
;+Vof 630 ;+:yfut ljb\ofno
;+Vof 215 215 ;DjGwg k|fKt
SofDk; ;+Vof 36 44 l;6LOle6Ljf6
;Djgwg k|fKt
k|fljlws lzIff lbg]
;+:yfx? 17 25 cGt/fli6o ;+u|xfno 1
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; lzIff
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ult k|ltj]bg
pRr dfWoflds lzIff
kl/ifbsf] jflif{s k|utL
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!%=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfo;+u ;dGjofTds 9+un] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ub}{ k|f/lDes jfnlzIff
tyf ljsf; sfo{qmddf jfnaflnsfx?sf] kx'Fr tyf ;xeflutf a9fpg lk5l8Psf If]qdf sfo{qmdsf]
lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
lh cfO{ P; df cfwf/Lt gS;f+sgsf] cfwf/df cfjZostf ePsf] If]qdf afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
u/L ;LdfGts[t tyf ul/jLo'Qm If]qdf lhNnfn] :yfgLo tx dfkm{t k|f/lDes afnlzIff tyf ljsf;
s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
Go"gtd dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/L l;sfO{ tyf afnljsf;sf nflu cfj:os ;fwg >f]tsf ;fy} afnd}lq
jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+3;+:yfsf] Ifdtf clea[l4 / plgx?sf] ;xeflutfdf afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] u'0f:t/
;'wf/ ub}{ k|To]s >f]ts]Gb|df slDtdf Ps gd"gf afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ljBfnox?nfO{ sfo{;+Dkfbgsf cfwf/df k|f]T;fxg cg'bfgsf] Aoj:yf, ljBfno gS;f+sgsf] cfwf/df
glhssf] txdf Plss[t,cfjlws lzIff of]hgf Pj+ ljBfno ;'wf/ of]hgfsf] cfwf/df dfWoflds
lzIffnfO{ lgz'Ns u/fpg 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
lk5l8Psf ;d'x / nlIft ju{nfO{{ nlIft u/L ljBfno, lghLIf]q / u}=;=;= ;+usf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
cgf}krf/Ls / hLjko{Gt l;sfO{nfO{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lzIfssf] k]zfut ljsf;sf] nflu ;j} txsf lzIfsx?sf nflu >f]t s]Gb| jf tfnLd s]Gb| dfkm{t
dfudf cfwf/Lt tfnLd lbOg]5 .
ljBfnox?df k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkgsf] axfnL u/L tL ljBfnox?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ hf]8 lbg] .
:yfgLo ;|f]t, ;fwg / ;Lksf] cToflws kl/rfng u/L lzIff If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{ .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
108
z}lIfs k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; Pj+ k7g kf7gsf] lj:tf/df ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;fe]mbf/L cjwf/0ff
Pj+ sfo{qmdnfO{ Jofks u/fp+b} nfg] .
;fIf/f]Q/ sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L, lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] ;dGjofTds k|of;nfO{ cl3 a9fpg] .
z}lIfs u'0f:t/df clej[l4 Nofpg ljBfnox?df z}lIfs ;fdu|L tyf pks/0fx?sf] pknJwtf a9fpg] .
cg'udg, d"NofÍg Pj+ ;'k/Lj]If0f k4ltsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fdf hf]8 lbg] .
5fqf, blnt tyf ckf8=utf ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf nflu kf]|T;fxg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ .
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8 lbO{ dWod tyf lgDg txsf k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] cfk"lt{ a9fpg k|fljlws
ljb\ofnosf] lj:tf/ ug]{ .
;fd'bflos cWoogs]Gb|x?dfkm{t ;fIf/tf / ;fIf/f]Q/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ .
s[lif,:jf:Yo / OlGhlgol/8= ljifodf pRr lzIff lbg] ;+:yfx?sf] :yfkgf / ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lgjf{rg If]qut ?kdf sDtLdf ! j6fsf b/n] gd"gf ljbofno / afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] ljsf; ul/
z}lIfs ko{6gdf hf]8 lbOg] .
clgoldt z}lIfs ;+:yfx?nfO{ cg'udg ul/ lgodg ug]{ .
sfdsfhL dlxnfx?sf nflu lz;':ofxf/ s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{ .
;j} txsf afnaflnsfx?sf] l;sfO{ pknlJw j9fpg] .
;fj{hlgs k':tsfno, cGt/fli6o ;+u|xfnosf] :yfkgfdf hf]8lbOg] .
lglh z}lIfs :f+:yfx?nfO{ k|efjsf/L cg'udg lg/LIf0f ul/ sfg'gsf] kl/lwleq Nofpg] .
;/sf/L lgsfo;+u ;dGjofTds 9+un] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ub}{ k|f/lDes jfnlzIff tyf ljsf;
sfo{qmddf jfnafnLsfx?sf] kx'Fr tyf ;xeflutf a9fpg lk5l8Psf If]qdf sfo{qmdsf] lj:tf/
ul/g]5 .
lh cfO{ P; df cfwf/Lt gS;f+sgsf] cfwf/df cfjZostf ePsf] If]qdf afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
u/L ;LdfGts[t tyf ul/jLo'Qm If]qdf lhNnfn] :yfgLo tx dfkm{t k|f/lDes afnlzIff tyf ljsf;
s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
Go"gtd dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/L l;sfO{ tyf afnljsf;sf nflu cfj:os ;fwg >f]tsf ;fy} afnd}lq
jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+3;+:yfsf] Ifdtf clea[l4 / plgx?sf] ;xeflutfdf afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] u'0f:t/
;'wf/ ub}{ k|To]s >f]ts]Gb|df slDtdf Ps afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ljBfnox?nfO{ sfo{;+Dkfbgsf cfwf/df k|f]T;fxg cg'bfgsf] Aoj:yf, ljBfno gS;f+sgsf] cfwf/df
glhssf] txdf Plss[t,cfjlws lzIff of]hgf Pj+ ljBfno ;'wf/ of]hgfsf] cfwf/df dfWoflds
lzIffnfO{ lgz'Ns u/fpg 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
lk5l8Psf ;d'x / nlIft ju{nfO{{ nlIft u/L ljBfno, lghLIf]q / u}=;=;= ;+usf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
cgf}krf/Ls / hLjko{Gt l;sfO{nfO{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lzIfssf] k]zfut ljsf;sf] nflu ;j} txsf lzIfsx?sf nflu >f]t s]Gb| jf tfnLd s]Gb| dfkm{t
dfudf cfwf/Lt tfnLd lbOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
109
ljBfnox?df k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkgsf] axfnL u/L tL ljBfnox?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ hf]8 lbg] .
:yfgLo ;|f]t, ;fwg / ;Lksf] cToflws kl/rfng u/L lzIff If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{ .
z}lIfs k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; Pj+ k7g kf7gsf] lj:tf/df ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;fe]mbf/L cjwf/0ff
Pj+ sfo{qmdnfO{ Jofks u/fp+b} nfg] .
lhNnfsf b'u{d uflj;x?df ;d]t cfwf/e"t tyf k|fylds lzIffsf] lj:tf/ ug]{ .
;fIf/tf sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L, lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] ;dGjofTds k|of;nfO{ cl3 a9fpg] .
!%=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
ljb\ofno If]q ;'wf/
-rfn'_ 230,341 241,858 253,951 266,649 279,981 1,272,780
3
ljb\ofno If]q ;'wf/
-k'FhLut_ 5,000 5,250 5,513 5,788 6,078 27,629
1
cgf}krfl/s lzIff
tyf /fli6«o ;fIf/tf
cleofg 3,443 3,615 3,796 3,986 4,185 19,025
2
;a}sf nflu lzIff
k|f=lz=-k|f=lz= te_ 486,787 511,126 536,683 563,517 591,693 2,689,806
8
ljleGg dflj tyf
lgdflj 332,502 349,127 366,584 384,913 404,158 1,837,284
4
pRr dfWolds lzIff 34,470 36,194 38,003 39,903 41,899 190,469 7
ljz]if lzIff kl/ifb 5,494 5,769 6,057 6,360 6,678 30,358 6
;fd'bflos ljb\ofno
Ifdtf clej[l4
sfo{qmd 4,062 4,265 4,478 4,702 4,937 22,444
5
lhNnf lzIff
Aoj:yfkg 10,571 11,100 11,655 12,237 12,849 58,412
10
k/LIff Joj:yfkg 7,061 7,414 7,785 8,174 8,583 39,017 9
u}/;/sf/L If]qsf]
hDdf 29,400 203,700 213,885 224,579 235,808 907,372
hDdf 1,149,131 1,379,418 1,448,390 1,520,808 1,596,849 7,094,596
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
110
dflysf] tflnsfsf] ljb\ofno If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd-rfn'_ tkm{sf] dfq
sfo{qmd lqmofsnfk kl/df0f ah]6
)&@.&#
ah]6
)&#.&$
ah]6
)&$.&%
ah]6
)&%.&^
ah]6
)&^.&&
hDdf ah]6
1
k|f/lDes
afnljsf;
tyf lzIff
15,735 16,522 17,348 18,215 19,126 86,946 2 ljBfno
lzIffdf
kxF'rsf]
;'lglZrttf
64,880 68,124 71,530 75,107 78,862 358,503
3 ;fIf/tf tyf
lg/Gt/ lzIff
4,406 4,626 4,858 5,100 5,356 24,346
4 z}lIfs u'0f:t/
clea[l4
38,237 40,149 42,156 44,264 46,477 211,284
5 lzIfs lzIff
tyf ljsf;
1,586 1,665 1,749 1,836 1,928 8,764
6 k|efjsf/L ;]jf
k|jfxsf nflu
Ifdtf clea[l4
1,846 1,938 2,035 2,137 2,244 10,200
7 ljBfno
Joj:yfkg
tyf cg'udg
32,131 33,738 35,424 37,196 39,055 177,544
8 k|f]T;fxg tyf
;xof]u
19,363 20,331 21,348 22,415 23,536 106,993
9 ljBfnox?nfO{
PCF sf
cfwf/df Non
Salary cg'bfg
;xof]u
52,156 54,764 57,502 60,377 63,396 288,195
hDdf 230,340 241,857 253,950 266,647 279,980 1,272,774
!%=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
s=;= sfo{s|d ;+of]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL
;fem]bf/L÷;xsfo{ ug]{
;+:yf
1 jfn ljsf; sfo{s|d
lhlj;÷lh=lz=sf=uflj;,
gkf lh=lz=sf= ;|f]t s]Gb|÷af=lj=s]=
Uf}];;, :yflgo
lgsfo
2
cfwf/e"t tyf
dfWoflds lzIff
sfo{s|d
lzIff ljefu÷
lh=lz=sf÷lhlj; lh=lz=sf=
lhNnf lzIff
;ldlt÷lhlzsf lghL ljBfno
3 ef}lts ;'ljwf
lj:tf/ sfo{s|d lhlj;÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf= ;/f]sf/jfnf
:yflgo lgsfox?
tyf ;Da4 u};;
4 z}lIfs u'0f:t/
clea[l2 sfo{s|d lhlj;÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf= ljBfno ;Da4 u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
111
5 k|f]T;fxg tyf
;xof]u lhlzsf lh=lz=sf=
;|f]t s]Gb| tyf
lj=Ao=;
:yflgo lgsfox?
tyf ;Da4 u};;
6 k|lt ljBfyL{ nfut
OsfO sfo{s|d lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf=
;|f]t s]Gb| tyf
ljBfno
7 v'nf ljBfno
;+rfng lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf=
;|f]t s]Gb| tyf
:yflgo lzIff ;ldlt ;Da4 u};;
8
ljBfno Joj:yfkg
cg'udg tyf
d'Nofª\sg ÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf=
lhNnf cg'udg
;ldlt
9 ;fIf/tf / lg/Gt/
lzIff lhlj;÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf= g]kfn ;/sf/
:yflgo lgsfox?
tyf ;Da4 u};;
10 lzIfs lzIff /
ljsf; lzIff ljefu÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf= ;|f]t s]Gb|
11 Ifdtf ljsf;
sfo{s|d lhlj;÷lh=lz=sf= lh=lz=sf= g]kfn ;/sf/ ;Da4 u};;
12 k|fljlws lzIff tyf
Joj;flos tflnd lhlzsf lh=lz=sf=÷CTEVT g]kfn ;/sf/
lglh If]q÷ ;Da4
u};;
13 pRr lzIff lqljlj
lqljlj tyf cGo
ljlj g]kfn ;/sf/ ljb]zL bft[ ;+:yf
14 v]ns'b ljsf; lh=v]=lj=;= lh=v]=lj=;= If]=v]=lj=;=
lhlj;, g]kfn
;/sf/
hDdf M
!%=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
s|=;= sfo{s|d cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo cg'udg ljlw
cg'udg ug]{
;do
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sfhfnf/
2455 2700.5 2970.6 3267.6 3594.4 14988 3
6 s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f 280 308 338.8 372.68 409.95 1709.43 7
7 cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg 1405 1545.5 1700.1 1870.1 2057.1 8577.67 6
8 k|fylds :jf:Yo
k'g{hfu/0f
16730 18403 20243 22268 24494 102138 8
v= /fli6«o :jf:Yo
lzIff , ;"rgf
tyf ;~rf/
sfo{qmd
2110 2321 2553.1 2808.4 3089.3 12881.8
10 u= /fli6«o ljsf;
:jo+;]js
sfo{qmd
500 550 605 665.5 732.05 3052.55 9
3= Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f
sfo{qmd
3153 3468.3 3815.1 4196.6 4616.3 19249.4 12
ª= PrcfO{eL P8\;
/f]u lgoGq0f
sfo{qmd
360 396 435.6 479.16 527.08 2197.84 13
r= ;fd'bflos
:jf:Yo O{sfO{
sfo{qmd
2400 2640 2904 3194.4 3513.8 14652.2 15
5= tflnd sfo{qmd 670 737 810.7 891.77 980.95 4090.42 11 h= d]l8sn ;+:yf Pj+
xl:k6n ljsf;
6480 27128 37841 38625 39487 149561 14
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
119
em= cf}}iflw, dxfdfl/
lgoGq0f
103690 114059 125465 138011 151813 633038 16
`= u}x| ;/sf/L ;+3,
;+:yfx?
143559 157915 173707 191077 210185 876443
s"n hDdf 351755 406931 455624 498186 545005 2257500
!^=( hDd]jf/L tflnsf
s=;= sfo{s|d ;+of]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL
;fem]bf/L÷;xsfo{ ug]{
;+:yf
s= PsLs[t lhNnf
:jf:Yo sfo{qmd
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj; lh=h=:jf= sf=
k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
1 jfn :jf:Yo
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
2 kl/jf/ :jf:Yo
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
3 Joj:yfkg ;"rgf
k|0ffnL tyf c=lg=;'= lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
4 hg;+Vof Joj:yfkg
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
5 dxfdf/L lgoGq0f
tyf cf}nf], sfhfnf/ lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
6 s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
7 cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
8 k|fylds :jf:Yo
k'g{hfu/0f lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
v= /fli6«o :jf:Yo lzIff
, ;"rgf tyf
;~rf/ sfo{qmd
lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
u= /fli6«o ljsf;
:jo+;]js sfo{qmd lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
3= Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f
sfo{qmd lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
120
ª= PrcfO{eL P8\; /f]u
lgoGq0f sfo{qmd lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
r= ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo
O{sfO{ sfo{qmd lh=h=:jf
sf=÷lhlj;
lh=h=:jf= sf= k|f=:jf=s]=, :jf=rf}=, ;fd'bflos
:jf=O{sfO{, gu/ :jf=s]=
c:ktfn, u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghLIf]q
!^=!) cg'udg tyf d'NofÍg
s|
=
;
=
sfo{s|d cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo cg'udg ljlw cg'ud
g ug]{
;do
k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
kg]{ lgsfo
k|ltj]bg
sfof{Gjog
ug']{ lgsfo
s
=
PsLs[t lhNnf
:jf:Yo sfo{qmd
1 jfn :jf:Yo lh=h=:jf=sf=,If]=:jf=l
g=,
lhlj;, :jf=;]=ljefu,
:jf:Yo tyf
hg;+Vof dGqfno
:ynut lgl/If0f tyf
lhh:jfsf sf] df;Ls,
rf}dfl;s tyf aflif{s k|ltj]bg
lg/Gt/ lh=h=:jf=sf=,If]=
:jf=lg=, lhlj;,
:jf=;]=lj=
lh=h=:jf=sf=,
If]=:jf=lg=,
:jf=;]=lj=
2 kl/jf/ :jf:Yo ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
3 Joj:yfkg ;"rgf
k|0ffnL tyf c=lg=;'=
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
4 hg;+Vof Joj:yfkg ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
5 dxfdf/L lgoGq0f
tyf cf}nf], sfhfnf/
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
6 s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
7 cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
8 k|fylds :jf:Yo
k'g{hfu/0f
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
v
=
/fli6«o :jf:Yo lzIff
, ;"rgf tyf
;~rf/ sfo{qmd
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
u
=
/fli6«o ljsf;
:jo+;]js sfo{qmd
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
3
=
Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f
sfo{qmd
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
ª= PrcfO{eL P8\; /f]u
lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
r
=
;fd'bflos :jf:Yo
O{sfO{ sfo{qmd
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
121
kl/R5]b !&
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{
!&=! e'ldsf
:jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xsnfO{ df}lns xssf] ?kdf xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOG5 . h;af6 cfwf/e"t
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ klg g]kfnLsf] Ps lx;fjn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifos} ?kd :yflkt ePsf] b]lvG5 .
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;]jfnfO{ Go"gtd dfgjLo cfjZostfsf ?kdf lnO{ o;nfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbOPsf]
5 . ;x>flab ljsf; nIf cg';f/ ;g\ @)!% ;Dd &# k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ vfg]kfgL ;]jf / %# k|ltzt
hg;+VofnfO{ ;/;kmfO{ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] nIf /fv]sf] kfOG5 . /fli6\o hn>f]t of]hgf, @))% cg';f/ ;g\
@)!& ;Dd zt k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ cfwf/e"t :t/sf] vfg]kfgL ;]jf / ;/;kmfO{ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] nIf
lnOPsf] b]lvG5 .
o; lhNnfdf ;/sf/L If]q, :yfgLo lgsfo ;d]tsf] kxndf dfq dfly pNn]lvt nIf k|flKtnfO{ lhNnfdf cg'jfb
ug{ ;lsb}g, t;y{ ;/sf/, :yfgLo lgsfo, lghL If]q, ;d'bfo, pkef]Qmf ;d'x Pj+ u};;x?sf] Plss[t k|of;,
;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;fe]mbf/Ldf dfq o; If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO{
sfo{qmd Pj+ gLltnfO{ Ps;fy th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/L of] cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ul/Psf]
5 .
!&=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lHfNnfdf vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO{sf] If]qdf w]/} lgsfox? lqmofzLn /x]sf 5g\ . lgwf{l/t ;doleq ;x>flAb
ljsf; nIf tyf /fli6\o nIf cg';f/ tf]lsPsf] o; lhNnfsf] nIf xfl;n ug]{ lbzfdf ;s/fTds ;"rsx? k|fKt
x'g] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . vfg]kfgLsf] u'0f:t/ tyf ;]jf:t/df a[l4 ug{ zx/L tyf cw{zx/L If]qdf pkef]Qmfx?sf]
;d]t ;xnufgLdf cfof]hgfx? sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] klg 5 . ;Da4 lgsfo, ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fusf] ;xsfo}df
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/ v'nf lb;fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ffsf] sfo{qmdx? ;+kGg x'b} cfPsf] klg 5 .
ufpF, gu/ / lhNnfnfO{ g} v'nf lb;fd'Qm 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;fy} k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{o'Qm :yfgLo lgsfo 3f]if0ff ug]{ sfo{
klg ;fy{s ?kdf ul/b} cfOPsf] 5 .
lhNnfdf gofF vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx? lgdf{0f Pj+ k'/fgf cfof]hgfx?sf] dd{t / ;+ef/sf sfo{ klg ;/sf/,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ pkef]Qmf ;ldltx?sf] ;femf k|of;df ul/b} cfOPsf] 5 . vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx? / k"0f{
;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmdaLr klg tfbfTDotf sfod /flv sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 .
;g\ @)!& ;Dddf ;j}nfO} cfwf/e"t vfg]kfgL Pj+ ;/;kmfO{ ;]jfdf lHfNnfe/sf] kx'Fr k'/\ofpg] /fli6\o nIf k"/f
ug{ cem} ;3g kxn ug'{kg]{ l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5 . pk/f]Qm ;]jfx? pknAw ePsf] hg;+Vofsf] k|ltzttkm{ klg
u|fld0f tyf zx/L If]qaLrdf / vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{aLrdf cem} 7"nf] cGt/ sfod} 5 . vfg]kfgL ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fpg afFsL /x]sf :yfgx? k|foM Go"g hg3gTj ePsf, t'ngfTds ?kdf ;'Vvf If]q, kfgLsf] >f]t
glhs geO{ w]/} 6f9fsf] uflj;af6 Nofpg' kg]{, cfsf;] kfgLsf] e/ kg'{kg]{ If]q / t'ngfTds ?kdf al9 6f9f
ePsfn] ;]jf lj:tf/ dx+uf] x'g] ePsf]n] ;:tf] nfutsf] k|ljlw ljsf; ug{ klg h?/L ePsf] 5 .
!&=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
hn>f]tsf] k|r'/tf /x]sf]n]
;/;kmfO{ Pj+ vfg]kfgL a9]sf]
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f cleofg z'?
zx/df gofF vfg]kfgL of]hgf
cfpb}
hn>f]tsf] k|r'/tf /x]sf]n]
;/;kmfO{ ;r]tgf / ;]jf a9]sf]
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f cleofg z'?
cj;/x?
ahf/ / ufpFdf cfwf/e't ?kdf
u'0f:t/Lo kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]
ahf/ / ufpFdf cfwf/e't ?kdf kmf]xf]/
Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;lsg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
122
zx/LIf]qdf kmf]xf]/ ;+sng /
Aoj:yfkg ePsf]
sdhf]/ kIf
s]lx uflj; ;'Vvf Hf:t} ePsf]n]
cGo uflj;af6 kfgL Nofpg' kg]{
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf
lgsf;f gx'g'
cAojl:yt a;f]jf;
u'0f:t/Lo kfgL cfk"lt{ cem}
gePsf]
ahf/ If]qdf lgjf{w vfg]kfgL ;]jf
k|jfxdf sld
s]lx uflj; ;'Vvf Hf:t} ePsf]n]
cGo uflj;af6 kfgL Nofpg' kg]{
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf
lgsf;f gx'g'
cAojl:yt a;f]jf;
ahf/ If]qdf 9n sld
r'gf}lt
cAojl:yt a;fO{+ ;/fO{ / zx/Ls/0n]
ahf/df lgoldt :jR5 / u'0f:/Lo
vfg]kfgL k'/\ofpg]
k|fs[lts >f]t;fwgsf] cToflws
bf]xgnfO{ 36fpg]
cAojl:yt ;'s'Djfl; j:tLdf vfg]kfgL
kfOk k'/\ofpg] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug'{
jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
kfgLsf >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{
cAojl:yt a;fO{+ ;/fO{ / zx/Ls/0fn]
kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkg ;]jf k'/\ofpg]
cAojl:yt ;'s'Djfl; j:tLdf 9n Pj+
kmf]xf]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug'{
jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
!&=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
sf:sL lhNnfsf ;Dk'0f{ hgtfnfO{ lj=;+ @)&& ;Dd ;'/IfLt, lgoldt, kof{Kt / u'0f:tl/o vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO{ ;]jf pknAw u/fOPsf] x'g]5 .
!&=% p4]Zo
lbuf] k|efjsf/L vfg]kfgL ljt/0f k|0ffnL4f/f ;Dk'0f{ hgtfnfO{ :j:y vfg]kfgL Pj+ ;/;kmfO{ ;]jf pknAw
u/fpb} hgtfsf] hLJfg:t/df 6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
!&=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmfO{
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M lbuf]
k|efjsf/L
vfg]kfgL
ljt/0f
k|0ffnL4f/f
;Dk'0f{
hgtfnfO{ :j:y
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
vfg]kfgL u'0f:t/
dfkb08 @)^#
cg';f/ vfg]kfgL
;]jf pknAw
k|ltzt
#) &)
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ o'Qm
uflj; tyf g=kf=
) #$
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–If]=c=;'= l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
123
vfg]kfgL Pj+
;/;kmfO{ ;]jf
pknAw u/fpb}
hgtfsf]
hLJfg:t/df
6]jf k'/\ofpg] .
3f]if0ff
glthf !M
cfwf/e"t Pj+
u'0f:t/Lo
vfg]kfgL ;]jfsf]
pknAwtf
a9]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
kfOksf] vfg]kfgL
vfg] hg;+Vof
k|ltzt
() !))
vfg]kfgL u'0f:t/
dfkb08 @)^#
cg';f/ vfg]kfgL
;]jf pknAw
k|ltzt
#) &)
cw'/f Pj+ qmdfut
of]hgf ;+rfng
$) $)
gofF vfg]kfgL
of]hgf ;+rfng
$) *)
k'/fgf vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] lgoldt
dd{t ;+Vof
#) !%)
pkef]Qmf ;ldlt
Pj+ ;+nUg
hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf
ljsf; tflnd
# @)
x/]s 3/w'/Ldf
lghL wf/f
pknAwtf k|ltzt
%) &%
kfgL ;'/Iff of]hgf !% &%
vf]kfgL >f]t
;+/If0f
!@ @)
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f
cleofg k'/f ePsf]
uflj; ;+Vof
) @)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–If]=c=;'= l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
124
glthf @ M
lhNnfdf
;/;kmfO{ ;]jf
pNn]Vo ?kdf
k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ o'Qm
uflj; tyf g=kf=
3f]if0ff
) #$
pQ/ v'nf
lbzfd'Qm /0fgLlt
cBfjlws / nfu"
! !
;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno ;Vof
!@ #)
kmf]xf]/ 5f]Pkl5,
vfgf cl3kl5 xft
w'g] -aflgdf
kl/jt{g_ k|ltzt
@% ()
zf}rfnoleq
wf/fsf] kfgL x'g]
k|ltzt
%) ()
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–If]=c=;'= l8lehg
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!&=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
:jR5 tyf kof{Kt dfqfdf vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ug{sf nflu lgdf{0flwg vfg]kfgL of]hgfx?sf] lgdf{0fsfo{
;DkGg ug]{ sfo{nfO k|yldstf lbb} Plss[t ;|t kl/rfng / k'/fgf vfg]kfgL of]hgfx?sf] dd{t
;+ef/df ljif]z k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
zf}rfnosf] k"0f{ k|of]u ug{ u/fpg k|efjsf/L cg'udg k|0fnLsf] Aoj:yf ul/g] 5 .
:jR5 kfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOnfO 6]jf k'/\ofpg Ps 3/ Ps wf/f sfo{s|dnfO cleofgsf] ?kdf
;+rfng ul/g] 5 .
;/;kmfO sfo{qmd tyf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx? sfof{Gjog ubf{ jftfj/0fLo kIfnfO{ Wofg lbO{g] 5 .
of]hgf th'{dfb]lv cfof]hgf ;~rfng;Dd hg;xeflutfnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf kl/rfng u/fO{ vfg]kfgL
cfof]hgf ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
zx/L If]qdf tyf gu/pGd'v If]qdf vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jf:t/ clej[l4 ug{ bft[;F:yf tyf lghL If]qnfO{
;+nUg u/fpg k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|To]s r/0fdf / cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f kZrft dd{t ;Def/df pkef]Stf
;ldltnfO{ k"0f{ lhDd]jf/ u/fOg]5 .
:yfgLo ?kdf cfjZos k|fljlwsx?sf] cfjZostf k"/f ug{ tflndsf] Joj:yf u/L Ifdtf ljsf; ug{
;F:yfut k|of; ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
125
zx/L If]qleq vfg]kfgL r'xfj6 36fpg k|fljlws Pj+ ;F:yfut Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!&=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yldstf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
cw'/f Pj+
qmdfut of]hgf
;+rfng
#$ 35500 55500 55500 55500 55500 257500 2
gofF vfg]kfgL
of]hgf ;+rfng !@ 29000 179000 189000 189000 189000 775000 3
k'/fgf vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] lgoldt
dd{t
#) 6000 16000 16000 16000 16000 70000 4
pkef]Qmf ;ldlt
Pj+ ;+nUg
hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf
ljsf; tflnd
() 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 7500 6
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f
clefofg, x/]s
3/w'/Ldf lghL
wf/f h8fg
-xhf/df_
%) 9000 29000 29000 29000 29000 125000 5
kfgL ;'/Iff
of]hgf tof/L /
nfu"
# 6000 26000 26000 26000 26000 110000 8
vf]kfgL >f]t
;+/If0f % 6000 6000 6000 6000 6000 30000 7
glthf @=
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{
o'Qm uflj; tyf
g=kf= sfo{qmd
#$ 6000 56000 56000 56000 56000 230000 9
pQ/ v'nf
lbzfd'Qm /0fgLlt
cBfjlws / nfu"
! 550 550 550 550 550 2750 11
;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno lgdf0f{
;Vof
@) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 5000 13
kmf]xf]/ 5f]Pkl5,
vfgf cl3kl5
xft w'g] -aflgdf
kl/jt{g_ cleofg
$ 6000 6000 6000 6000 6000 30000 12
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
126
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f
clwofg -xhf/df_ @% 50000 50000 50000 55000 60000 265000 1
hDdf 156550 426550 436550 441550 446550 1907750
!&=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
cw'/f Pj+ qmdfut of]hgf
;+rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gofF vfg]kfgL of]hgf ;+rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
k'/fgf vfg]kfgL of]hgfsf]
lgoldt dd{t
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
pkef]Qmf ;ldlt Pj+ ;+nUg
hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf;
tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
x/]s 3/w'/Ldf lghL wf/f
h8fg
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
kfgL ;'/Iff of]hgf
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
vf]kfgL >f]t ;+/If0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f cleofg
;+rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf=;+:yfg
bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf @=
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ o'Qm uflj; tyf
g=kf= sfo{qmd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf= bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
pQ/ v'nf lbzfd'Qm /0fgLlt
cBfjlws / nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf= bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
127
;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno lgdf{0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf= bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
kmf]xf]/ 5f]Pkl5, vfgf cl3kl5
xft w'g] -aflgdf kl/jt{g_
cleofg ;+rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf= bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
zf}rfnoleq wf/fsf] kfgL
cleofg
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lghL ;+:yf
If]=c=;'=l8=sf= bftf,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
u};;, lghL
;+:Yff, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
!&=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
cw'/f Pj+ qmdfut of]hgf ;+rfng
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
gofF vfg]kfgL of]hgf ;+rfng
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
k'/fgf vfg]kfgL of]hgfsf] lgoldt
dd{t
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
pkef]Qmf ;ldlt Pj+ ;+nUg
hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
x/]s 3/w'/Ldf lghL wf/f h8fg
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
kfgL ;'/Iff of]hgf
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
vf]kfgL >f]t ;+/If0f
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f cleofg ;+rfng
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=,
vf=kf= ;+:yfg
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf @=
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ o'Qm uflj; tyf
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
128
g=kf= sfo{qmd cWoog,
pQ/ v'nf lbzfd'Qm /0fgLlt
cBfjlws / nfu"
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno ;Vof
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
kmf]xf]/ 5f]Pkl5, vfgf cl3kl5 xft
w'g] -aflgdf kl/jt{g_ cleofg
;+rfng
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ o'Qm uflj; tyf
g=kf= sfo{qmd
lhlj;,
If]=c=;'=l8=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
129
kl/R5]b !*
dlxnf tyf n}+lus ljsf;
!*=! e'ldsf
dlxnf / k'?ifdf hf] k5fl8 5g\, pgLx?nfO{ cGo dfgj ;/x ;dfg Pj+ ;dtfdf cfwf/Lt ljsf; ug'{kg]{
cjwf/0ff g} n}+lus ljsf; xf] . g]kfndf !% b]lv @$ jif{sf] pd]/ ;d'xsf dlxnfsf] ;fIf/tf b/ *% k|ltzt
k'u]sf] 5, t/ ;du|df ;j} dlxnfsf] ;fIf/tf b/ k'?ifsf] &% k|ltztsf] t'ngfdf hDdf %& k|ltzt 5 .
dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;j} k|sf/sf ebefj pGd'ng ug]{ dxf;GwL, !(&( sf] kIf /fi6\ alg x:tfIf/ u/]sf] g]kfnn]
;f] ;DjGwL /fli6\o sfo{of]hgf @)^) tof/ / sfof{Gjog ub}{ ;f]sf] k|ltjb]g ;d]t lgoldt ?kdf ub}{ cfPsf]
5 . To;} u/L ;+o'Qm /fi6\;+3sf] ;/Iff kl/ifbaf6 kfl/t k|:tfj !#@% / !*@) sf] sfof{of]hgf agfO{ sfo{ ub}{
cfPsf] 5 . n}+lus lx+;f tyf n}+lus ;zlQms/0f ;DjGwL sfo{of]hgf ;d]t tof/ eO{ nfu" ePsf] 5 . 3/]n'
l+x;f -s;'/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)^^ Pj+ lgodfjnL @)^& cfPsf] . n}+lus lx+;f lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, Psn
dlxnf ;'/Iff sf]if ;+rfng lgodjnL @)&) cfPsf], :yfgLo lgsfodf hfg] cg'bfgsf] !) k|ltzt dlxnf
ljsf;df vr{ ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljlw tof/, slDtdf @% hlt n}+lus ah]6sf] cjwf/0ff nfu", n}+lus pQ/bflo ;+oGq
Pj= ah]6sf] Aoj:yf, cl86 lgb]{lzsf tof/, dlxnf ;]km xfp;x?sf] :yfkgf, ljkGg dlxnfsf] nflu shf{
sfo{qmd, &% lHfNnf Pj+ ;j} uflj;df dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ Aoj:yf eO/x]sf] 5 .
xfn o; lhNnfdf dlxnf Pj+ n}+lus ljsf; ;DjGwL gLlt Pj+ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg], n}lus ah]6
n]vfkl/If0f ug]{, dlxnf / k'?ifsf] ;dtfdf cfwf/Lt eO{ ;dljsf; ug]{, dlxndflysf lx+;f, z]if0f cflbsf]
Go"lgs/0f, dlxnf ju{sf] Ifdtf ljsf;, cfo cfh{g / ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ of] of]hgf tof/ ul/b}5 .
!*=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf dlxnf Pj+ n}+lus ljsf; ;DjGwL gLlt Pj+ sfo{qmd lhlj;sf] jflif{s of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ub}{
nluPsf], n}lus ah]6 n]vfkl/If0f ug]{ ul/Psf], dlxnf ;'/Iff u[xsf] cjwf/0ff cufl9 a9fOPsf], ;dtfdf
cfwf/Lt ;d'bfo eGg] gf/fsf ;fy dlxnf ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;d]t 5 . o; If]qdf lghL,
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, :yfgLo lgsfo cflbsf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ePsf 5g\ .
dlxnf tyf k'?ifaLr ;dfgtf sfod ug]{ gLltut, ;+:yfut tyf sfo{qmdut Aoj:yfklso sfo{ x'bfx'b} klg
glthf cem} ck]lIft :t/df k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljsf;sf ;j} k|lqmof, ;+/rgf, lg0f{o Pj+ gLlt lgdf{0f
txdf ;j} ju{sf dlxnfsf] kx'Fr, lgoGq0f / cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug{ cem w]/} sfo{ ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 .
dlxnfsf] >dsf] ;Ddfg / cfly{s x}l;ot glbg', cfly{s pkfh{gdf dlxnf k5fl8 kg'{, bf]xf]/f] b}lgsLsf] df/df
kg'{, g]t[Tjsf/L eGbf ;xof]uL e"ldsfdf dfq l;ldt /flvg' h:tf ;jfn cem} klg :d/0fLo / dglgo b]lvPsf]
5g\ . tyflk o; lhNnfdf n}+lus ;dfgtf Pj+ ;dtf cg'?Kfsf] /0fgLlt, sfo{qmd Pj+ ah]6sf] Aoj:yfkg /
sfof{GjognfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpb} nluPsf] 5 .
!*=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
dlxnf ;d'x / ltgsf] ;+:yfut
;+hfn a9]sf]
Plss[t ?kdf dlxnf ljsf;
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt
cg'?ksf] ;xeflutf a9]sf]
dlxnf nlIft sfo{qmd ;+rfng
cj;/
g]t[Tj ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf;sf k|;:t
cj;/ a9]sf]
k'?ifx?sf] klg ;xof]u kfpg]
u|fld0fIf]qdf 7'nf] dfqfdf art
kl/rfng ePsf]
nlIft ju{sf] lxt lglDt ;j}sf] rf;f]
a9]sf]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
130
ePsf]
Aoj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Pj+
rfn'sf]if shf{ k|jfx dfkm{t
dlxnfsf] cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf
;d'bfo:t/df ;d'x, ;ldlt h:tf
;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;
ePsf]
;dGjo / ;xsfo{ a9]sf]
n}l8=us lx+;fsf 36\gf/ ph'/Lx?
;txdf cfpg yfn]sf]
;/sf/L gLltlgod tyf sfo{ljlwsf]
pknJwtf
dlxnf z;lQms/0fsf nflu ;sf/fTds
wf/0ffsf]ljsf;
dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmd ;d'bfo:t/jf6
g} dfu ePsf]
dlxnff ;xeflutfsf nflu x/]s If]qdf
;dfj]zL gLlt sfof[Gjogsf] k|of;
sdhf]/ kIfM
ljkGg ju{df nIo cg';f/sf]
sfo{qmd k'Ug g;Sg'
sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf sfod} /xg'
>f]t;fwgsf] sld
;]jf k|jfxs n}lu+s ;+j]bgl;n
pQ/bflo jgg g;Sg'
pknJw ;|f]t;fwgsf] ;d'lrt
kl/rfng gx'g'
ljb\odfg P]g, sfg'g / gLltsf]
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog gx'g'
r'gf}lt
aflif{s sfo{qmd ;dodf g} cfO{ plrt
;dodf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
nlIft ju{sf] cfjZostfg';f/ ah]6
tyf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf x6fpg]
n}l8=us lje]b sfod} /xg'
n}l8=us lx+;f tyf 3/]n lx+;f JofKt
/xg'
lx+;flkl8tsf nflu ;'/Iffu[x lgdf{0f
sfo{:yndf ;'/lIft / dof{lbt jftfj/0f
;/f]sf/jfnfljrsf] ;dGjo
!*=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
;dtfd'ns ;DkGg ;d'bfo ;[hgf ePsf] x'g]5 .
!*=% p4]Zo
;f+u7lgs ljsf;, cfly{s ljsf; / ;ddflhs ljsf;sf] dfWodjf6 dlxnf z;lQms/0f, lje]bsf] cGTo Pj+
hLJfg:t/ a[l4 ug]{ .
!*=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo –lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
131
p4]Zo M
;f+u7lgs
ljsf;, cfly{s
ljsf; /
;ddflhs
ljsf;sf]
dfWodjf6
dlxnf
z;lQms/0f,
lje]bsf] cGTo
Pj+ hLJfg:t/
a[l4 ug]{ .
dlxnf ;d'x u7g #)%) #^*)
jrt ;+sng tyf
kl/rfng ?= -
xhf/df_
@^((@ ##&$)
;+:yfut ?kdf
lg0f{o txdf
dlxnfsf]
;xeflutf
% ##
;dljsf; tfnLd
-hgf_
() @&)
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;xsfo{
ePdf
;lsg]5 .
glthf =!
sf:sLlhNnfsf]
;j} uflj;df
dlxnf ju{sf]
;+:yfut ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
dlxnf ;d'x u7g #)%) #^*)
;ldlt u7g #! $!
dlxnf ;xsf/L
;+:yf btf{
#! $!
;+:yfut ljsf;
tflnd
()) !!%)
n]vf Joj:yfkg
tflnd
^)) *))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ cly{s
ljsf;sf] nflu
Joj;flos tyf
;Lk ljsf;
tflnd / 6]jf
sfo{qmd k|fKt
u/]sf x'g]5g .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
l;kljsf; tflnd
tyf 6]jf k|fKt ug]{
@*) %))
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf]
/0fgLltkq tof/L
) !%
;xsf/L
;+:yf
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf # dlxnf
ju{sf] Ifdtf
ljsf; PJf+
;dljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;+:yfut ljsf;
tfnLd -hgf_
()) !!%)
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd ()) !!%)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
132
glthf $= Psn
dlxnf, h]i7
dlxnf Pj+ cGo
dlxnf ju{sf]
cfly{s cj:yfdf
;'wf/ /
Joj;flos/0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
dlxnf ;xsf/L
;+:yf btf{ u7g
kl/rfng
#! $!
jrt ;+sng
tyf kl/rfng
?= -xhf/df_
##)))) ###)))
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
eQf kfpg]
Psn dlxnf
*)) !@))
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
eQf kfpg] h]i7
dlxnf
&$)) !)%))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf g %
r]tgf hfu/0f
tyf Ifdtf
ljsf; eO{
kl/jf/df 5f]/f
;/L 5f]/L / 5f]/L
;/L a'xf/Lsf]
Jojxf/ ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
z;lQms/0f ;xsfo{
tflnd
%&) !)!)
;f;' j'xf/L tflnd $% &%)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf g+ ^
;fdflhs tyf
/fhg}lts If]qdf
dlxnf
;xeflutf tyf
g]t[Tj j9]sf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;+/If0f k|0ffnLsf]
tflnd
@&) !)@)
/fhg}lts g]t[Tjdf
dlxnf k|ltzt
% ##
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf g+=&
dlxnf
z;lQms/0fsf
nflu k'?ifsf]
;xof]u j9\g] /
dlxnfsf]
sfo{jf]em 36\g]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
z;lQms/0f
;xsfo{ tflnd
%&)
hgf
&%)hgf
cgt/k':tf ;Lk
tfnLd
#))
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
133
glthf *
n}l8=us lx+;f
36]sf x'g]5 /
ph'/Lsf] ;+Vof
j9]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lgu/fgL ;d'x
u7g
!^# @&$
lx+;flkl8tnfO{
;xof]u
#$(
hgf
*))
;'/Iffu[x lgdf{0f /
;~rfng
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf (
lghfdtL ;]jfdf
dlxnf
sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof
clej[l4 x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
nf]s;]jfsf]
tof/LsIff
;~rfng
!%% !*)
k|ltjif{
sfdsfhL
dlxnfsf nflu
lz;':ofxf/ s]Gb|
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !) M
k|hgg /f]uL /
lszf]/L
ue{jtLsf] ;+Vof
36]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
n}l8=us
;Dj]bgzLn
k\hgg :jf:Yo
tflnd
#) !%)
lszf]/lx?sf nflu
hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lk
^) @!)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–d= tyf jf=sf=
sfof{nosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!*=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
dlxnf z;lQms/0fsf nflu dlxnfx?sf] r]tgf hfu/0f, Ifdtf ljsf; / n}l8=us lje]b / lx+;f cGTo
ug{sf nflu k'?ifx?sf] ;xeflutf j9fOg]5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tLg aif]{ cGtl/d of]hgf cg'?k :yflgo tx;Dd /fhgLlts Pj+ x/]s ljsf; k|s[ofdf
slDtdf ## k|ltzt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf / kx'Fr ;'lgl:rt ul/g]5 .
ljkGg tyf k5f8L kfl/Psf dlxnf, ;a} k|sf/sf lx+;fdf k/]sf dlxnf, Psn dlxnf, ¢Gb lkl8t /
ckf+u dlxnfx?nfO ;fdflhs Gofo, sfg'gL ;xof]u, /fxft Pj+ k'g{:yfkg sfo{s|d ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
:yflgo txdf dlxnf ;xeflutf cfea[l2sf] nflu k}/jL ug{ uflj; tx ;Dd dlxnf ;+hfn lgdf{0f
ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
134
n}lus ;dgtfsf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L Pj+ gLlh If]qsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf sfo{s|d
;+rfng ul/g]5 .
n}+lus ljsf;sf nflu ;dtfd'ns, n}lus d}qL ah]6 k|s[of Pj+ z;lQms/0fdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
dlxnf ljsf;sf ljljw kIfdf ;fdflhs kl/rfng, :yfgLo ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng, nlIft
;d"xsf] Jofks ;xeflutf ,dlxnf clwsf/ ;+/If0f tyf cj;/ kx"Frdf j[l4 h:tf
sfo{qmdx?nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
;fy{s ;xeflutfsf nflu ljkGg dlxnffO{ ;fy lbg] .
;dfj]lzs/0f, z;lQms/0f / n}lËs d'nk|jflxs/0fsf] gLlt cjnDjg ug]{ .
dlxnf ;d"x, ;ldlt / ;+:yf u7g tyf kl/rfngdf hf]8 lbg] .
nlIft ju{sf] r]tgf hfu/0f, Ifdtf ljsf; / ;Lk ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 ;zlQms/0f ug]{ .
cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf nflu 6]jf tyf cu| Jofj;foL cg'bfg k|bfg u/L Jofj;foLs/0fdf hf]8 lbg] .
;f+u7lgs ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 x/]s txdf ## k|ltzt dlxnf ;xeflutfsf nflu k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
n}lËs lje]b tyf dlxnf / afnaflnsfdfly x'g] lx;+fsf] lj?4df cleofg ;+rfng ug]{ .
lx+;f lk8LtnfO{ sfg'gL ;xfotf, /fxt Pj+ k'g:yf{kgf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{ .
n}lËs ;dfgtf clej[l4sf nflu ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+hfn lgdf{0f tyf kl/rfng ug]{
.
n}lËsd}qL ah]6 lgdf{0fsf nflu k}/lj, ;xlhs/0f tyf cg'udg ug]{ .
dft[Tj tyf jft;fNosf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .
afnaflnsf, Ho]i7 gful/s, ckfËtf, Psn dlxnf / t]>f] lnËL x?sf xs, clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug]{ / tL
clwsf/ pkef]u ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ .
!*=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yldstf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
dlxnf ;d'x
u7g /
kl/rfng
#^*)
500 600 650 900 1100 3750
3
;ldlt u7g /
kl/rfng
$! 400 500 600 700 750
2950 5
dlxnf ;xsf/L
;+:yf btf{ /
kl/rfng ;+Vof
$!
700 1700 1800 1800 1850 7850
4
;+:yfut ljsf;
tflnd hgf
!!%) 1200 1500 1600 1800 2000
8100 7
n]vf Joj:yfkg
tflnd hgf
*)) 600 700 900 1100 1200
4500 6
glthf @=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
135
l;k ljsf;
tflnd tyf 6]jf
k|bfg
%%))
700 17700 17800 17000 17200 70400
10
;xsf/L
;+:yfx?sf]
/0fgLltkq
tof/L ;+Vof
!%
900 900 900 900 900
4500
9
glthf #=
;+:yfut ljsf;
tfnLd -hgf_
!!%) 550 750 850 900 1050
4100 8
g]t[Tj ljsf;
tflnd
!!%) 480 550 640 860 950
3480 11
glthf $=
dlxnf ;xsf/L
;+:yf btf{ u7g
kl/rfng
$!
400 400 400 400 400 2000
12
glthf %=
z;lQms/0f
;xsfo{ tflnd
!)!) 650 680 730 850 880
3790 2
;f;' j'xf/L :g]x
tflnd
&%) 500 550 600 650 650
2950 1
glthf ^=
;+/If0f
k|0ffnLsf]
tflnd
!)@)
600 650 720 770 820 3560
13
/fhg}lts
g]t[Tjdf dlxnf
;xeflutf a[l4
cleofg
@)
k6s 300 500 550 600 700
2650
14
glthf &=
z;lQms/0f
;xsfo{ tflnd
&%)hgf 700 800 1100 1200 1700
5500 16
cgt/k':tf ;Lk
tfnLd
#)) 250 450 650 750 750
2850 15
glthf *=
lgu/fgL ;d'x
u7g /
kl/rfng
@&$
450 500 550 600 650 2750
17
lx+;flkl8tnfO{
;xof]u
*)) 500 11500 41500 51500 61500
166500 19
;'/Iffu[x lgdf{0f
/ ;~rfng
! 650 6050 6150 6450 6650
25950 18
glthf (=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
136
nf]s;]jfsf]
tof/LsIff
;~rfng
!*))
hgf
k|ltjif{
750 8850 9800 9850 9850
39100
21
sfdsfhL
dlxnfsf nflu
lz;':ofxf/ s]Gb|
Aoj:yfkg tyf
;+rng
!
500 1200 1500 500 500
4200
20
glthf !)=
n}+lus
;Dj]bgzLn
k|hgg :jf:Yo
tflnd
!%)
500 550 700 700 900
3350
22
lszf]/lx?sf
nflu
hLjgf]kof]uL
;Lk tflnd
@!)
1200 1600 1800 1800 1850
8250
23
hDdf M 13980 59180 92490 102580 114800 383030
!*=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
dlxnf ;d'x u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
;ldlt u7g / kl/rfng
lh=lj=;= ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ /
kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
;+:yfut ljsf; tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
n]vf Joj:yfkg tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf @=
l;kljsf; tflnd tyf 6]jf
k|bfg
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] /0fgLltkq
tof/L
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf #=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
137
;+:yfut ljsf; tfnLd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf $=
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ u7g
kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
jrt ;+sng tyf kl/rfng ?= -
xhf/df_
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf %=
z;lQms/0f ;xsfo{ tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
;f;' j'xf/L tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf ^=
;+/If0f k|0ffnLsf] tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
/fhg}lts g]t[Tjdf dlxnf
;xeflutf a[l4
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf &=
z;lQms/0f ;xsfo{ tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
cgt/k':tf ;Lk tfnLd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf *=
lgu/fgL ;d'x u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
lx+;flkl8tnfO{ ;xof]u
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
;'/Iffu[x lgdf{0f / ;~rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf (=
nf]s;]jfsf] tof/LsIff ;~rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
sfdsfhL dlxnfsf nflu
lz;':ofxf/ s]Gb| Aoj:yfkg
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
glthf !)=
n}l8=us ;Dj]bgzLn k\hgg
:jf:Yo tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
lszf]/lx?sf nflu hLjgf]kof]uL
;Lk tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf sfof{no
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, dlxnf
;d'bfo, u};;,
bftf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
138
!*=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
dlxnf ;d'x u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;ldlt u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ / kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;+:yfut ljsf; tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
n]vf Joj:yfkg tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @=
l;kljsf; tflnd tyf 6]jf k|bfg
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] /0fgLltkq tof/L
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #=
;+:yfut ljsf; tfnLd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf $=
dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ u7g
kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
jrt ;+sng tyf kl/rfng ?= -
xhf/df_
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf %=
z;lQms/0f ;xsfo{ tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
139
d=jf=sf= cWoog,
;f;' j'xf/L tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf ^=
;+/If0f k|0ffnLsf] tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
/fhg}lts g]t[Tjdf dlxnf ;xeflutf
a[l4
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf &=
z;lQms/0f ;xsfo{ tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cgt/k':tf ;Lk tfnLd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf *=
lgu/fgL ;d'x u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lx+;flkl8tnfO{ ;xof]u
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;'/Iffu[x lgdf{0f / ;~rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf (=
nf]s;]jfsf] tof/LsIff ;~rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
sfdsfhL dlxnfsf nflu lz;':ofxf/
s]Gb| Aoj:yfkg
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf !)=
n}l8=us ;Dj]bgzLn k\hgg :jf:Yo
tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lszf]/lx?sf nflu hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lk
tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
d=jf=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
140
kl/R5]b !(
afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|jw{g
!(=! e'ldsf
afnaflnsf sf] x'g\ eGg] kl/efiffdf ljZje/ Pj+ g]kfnsf If]qut sfg'g cg';f/ klg Ps?ktf 5}g . tyflk
;g\ !(*( gf]e]Dj/ @) df kfl/t afn clwsf/ ;DjGwL dxf;GwL ;d]tsf] cfwf/df ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{df
afnaflnsf eGgfn], zfl//Ls, dfgl;s, af}l4s Pj+ ;1fgfTds ljsf;sf] lx;fjn] ltj| ljsf;sf] qmddf /x]sf,
t/ k"0f{ kl/kSj eO{ g;s]sf !* jif{ d"lgsf ;j} dfG5]x? afnaflnsf x'g, ;fy} cfdfsf] k]6df e|'0fsf]
cj:yfdf /x]sfnfO{ klg afnaflnsf ;/x dfGg' k5{ eg]sf] 5 .
ljsf;sf] ljleGg /0fgLltx? dWo] afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g klg kl5Nnf] ljsf;sf] Ps /0fgLlt g} xf] .
ue{b]lv hGd]sf] b'O{ jif{sf] aLrsf] cjlwdf dfq} Pp6f dfG5]sf] ;fdfGotofM x'g] ljsf;sf] sl/j &) k|ltzt
dfgl;s, af}l4s Pj+ cG/lglxt Ifdtfsf] ljsf; x'g] tYox? cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvP kl5 s'g} klg ;dfh Pj+
b]zsf] l56f] / ltj|t/ ljsf; ug{ afnaflnsf dfly nufgL jf afnaflnsf s]lGb|t ljsf; ug'{kg]{ lgisif{
lgsfnLof] . h;sf] nflu afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf] cjwf/0ff nfu' ug{ ljZje/ k|of; eO{ cfPsf] 5 . cfwf
hg;+Vofsf] lx:;f cf]u6\g] afnaflnsf s]lGb|t ljsf; PJ+f nufgL x'g' kg]{ s'/fnfO{ cfTd;fy ul/ g]kfn
;/sf/n] lj=;+= @)^* df afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g /0fgLlt / afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g sfo{ljlw ;d]t tof/ ul/
nfu" u/]sf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf] nflu !) jif]{ /fli6\o sfo{of]hgf ag]sf] To:t} lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?sf] nflu ;d]t
/fli6\o sfo{of]hgf tof/ eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg afnaflnsf tyf lszf]/lszf]/Lx?sf] afFRg kfpg], ;+/If0f x'g kfpg], ljsf; x'g kfpg] Pj+
;xeflutf ;'lglZrt x'g'kg]{ h:tf afnclwsf/sf ;jfnx?nfO{ :yfgLo txsf] lg0f{o k|s[of, gLlt Pj+ of]hgf,
;+/rgf, sfo{k|0ffnL, Aojxf/ ;d]tdf ;+:yfut PJ+f ;dflxt ug]{ sfo{ s]lx g s]lx ?kdf z'? ePsf] . o;
k|lqmofnfO{ emg} cfTd;ft ug{ ;d]t of] of]hgf s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 .
!(=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
afnaflnsf Pj+ lszf]/lszf]/Lx?sf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, k|jw{g, pgLx?sf] zfl//Ls, dfgl;s, af}l4s Ifdtf Pj+
hLjgofkgnfO{ ;xh agfpg ;DjGwL ljsf;fTds sfo{x?, gLltx? o; lhNnfdf klg tof/ / sfof{Gjog x'b}
cfPsf] 5g\ . ;/sf/L, lghL, bftfx?, lHfNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt, afnu[x, u};;x?, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo,
ljBfnox?, :jf:Yo ;+:yfx? nufot ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?aLr ;dGjo, ;xsfo{, ;fe]mbf/L, ;xhLs/0f,
;xof]udf afnclwsf/nfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ sfo{ eO{ cfPsf] 5 . /fli6\o ?kdf afnaflnsfx? sl/j $$=$
k|ltzt / o; lhNnfdf klg sl/j $% k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf afnaflnsf /x]sf 5g\ , pgLx?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug]{
u/L lHfNnf afn sNof0f ;ldltn] # jif]{ /0fg}lts of]hgf agfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf nfu" ug]{ Aoj:yf ul//x]sf] 5
. lgs[i6 >d, ;8s afnaflnsf, lx+;fo'Qm cj:yf h:tf sl7g cj:yfdf /x]sf afnaflnsfx?sf] cg'udg /
p4f/sf sfo{ klg :yfgLo txdf eO{ cfPsf] 5 .
:yfgLo txdf cem kl5Nnf] ;dodf afn ljjfx, lszf]/L cj:yfd} ue{jlt x'g] k||ltzt sl/j #% k|ltzt ;Dd
s'g} s'g} 7fpF ljz]ifdf k'u]sf] tYox? jf k|a[lQut cj:yf klg sfod} b]lvG5 . sfo{:yn, ljBfno, 3/,
;d'bfo ;d]tdf afnlx+;f, oftgf, of}gzf]if0f h:tf cj:yfx? klg ljBdfg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . afn ;xeflutf
gLlt, jfn;+/If0f gLlt, jfn ljsf; Pj+ z}lIfs ;xlqmofsnfkx?df a[l4, afnd}qL :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ afnd}qL
ljBfno agfpg] gLltut Pj+ sfo{ut k|of;x? lHfNnf Pj+ :yfgLo txdf x'b} cfPsf] ;s/fTds l:ylt klg b]vf
k/]sf] 5 .
!(=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
– afn ljsf; s]Gb|x? :yfkgf x'g'
cj;/
– ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L Pj+ jfXo bftfx?af6 ;d]t
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
141
– ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] rf;f] a9\g'
– afnaflnsfx? ;+ul7t x'g' Pj+ pgLx?sf d~r -
;+hfn_ aGg'
– afnaflnsfsf] r]tgf:t/ a9\g'
– gLlt lgdf{0f / of]hgf sfof{Gjog:t/df pgLx?sf]
;xeflutf a9]sf]
;xof]u a9fpFb} hfg ;Sg]
– ;a} afnaflnsf afn Snjx?df cfj4 x'g ;Sg]
– afnaflnsfsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf g]t[Tj ljsf;
x'g'
sdhf]/ kIf
– afnd}qL k"jf{wf/ ;a} 7fpFdf tof/ gx'g'
– afnaflnsfsf] nflu ah]6 Go"g x'g'
– ah]6 gLltdf dfq l;dLt eO{ sfof{Gjogdf gx'g'
– cy{k"0f{ afn ;xeflutf gx'g'
– afnd}qL kfs{, tyf :ynx? ;+rfngdf gx'g'
–
r'gf}tL
– afn>d /f]Sg]
– ;8s afnaflnsfsf] k'g:yf{kgf ug]{
– afnaflnsfk|ltsf] b'Jo{jxf/ 36fpg]
– ul/jLsf] df/af6 kf/ nufpg]
– afn k|]d ljjfx Go"gLs/0f ug]{
– afnaflnsfnfO{ nfu" cf}ifwaf6 arfpg]
– ;3g ?kdf lszf]/lszf]/L lzIff ;+rfg ug]{
– n}lu+s lx+;f, 3/]n' lx+;f ;Daf]w ug]{
– cleefjsljxLg afnaflnsfsf] ;+/If0f ug]{
–
!(=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] bfloTj axgdf k|To]s afnaflnsfsf] ;a} clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ePsf] afnd}qL lhNnf lgdf{0f
x'g]5 .
!(=% p4]Zo
cleefjs, ;d'bfo, gful/s ;dfh tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/sf lgsfox?4f/f ;a} afnaflnsfk|ltsf] cfkm\gf]
bfloTj k"0f{ ?kdf axg u/L pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] clwstd pkof]udf afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g dfkm{t
k|To]s afnaflnsfsf ;a} clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]{ .
!(=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= afnd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M
cleefjs,
;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
tyf :yfgLo
;/sf/sf
lgsfox?4f/f
;a}
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;8s
afnaflnsfsf]
;fdflhs
k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb|
) !
cfktsflng
cj:yfsf
afnaflnsfnfO{
p4f/
$* !%)
lk8Lt %) @))
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
142
afnaflnsfk|lt
sf] cfkm\gf]
bfloTj k"0f{
?kdf axg u/L
pknAw ;|f]t /
;fwgsf]
clwstd
pkof]udf
afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g dfkm{t
k|To]s
afnaflnsfsf
;a} clwsf/
;'lglZrt ug]{ .
afnaflnsfnfO{
dgf]ljdz{ ;]jf
afnd}qL uflj;
tyf gkf ;+Vof
) gkf
@
uflj
;
#@
afnu[x ;+Vof ^# $@
glthf !=!
k|To]s
afnaflnsfsf]
cleefjsLo
x]/rfx tyf
cGo j}slNks
x]/rfxsf]
jftfj/0fsf]
;[hgf ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
afn>ddf /x]sf
afnaflnsfsf
cleefjsx? nfO{
cfod'ns ;Lk
tyf tflnd /
6]jf
) !))
afnu[xdf
afnaflnsfsf]
;+Vof
!$%^ !))
)
s / v ju{sf
afnu[x
sM #
vM
@#
uM
@*
3M *
sM!
)
vM
#@
;8sdf cfl>t
afnaflnsf
!!! )
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !=@
k|To]s
afnaflnsfsf]
;'/lIft ?kdf
hGd, uf;, af;
/ skf;sf ;fy}
cfwf/e"t
:jf:Yo ;]jfdf
kx'Fr ePsf]
x'g]5
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
:jf=;+=df
afnaflnsf
hlGdPsf] b/
&@ !))
afn s'kf]if0f b/
(U5) !=$^ )=%
s'n ue{ktg
;+Vof
36f
pg]
lszf]/L uej{tL #% )
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
143
b/
emf8fkvfnf
b]lvPsf
afnaflnsf (U5)
$)&
k|lt
xhf/
@))
k|lt
xhf
/
glthf !=#
afnaflnsfdfly
x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf
xfgLaf6 lk8Lt
afnaflnsfsf]
p4f/, tyf
;+/If0f ePsf]
x'g]5
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cfktsfnLg afn
p4f/ sf]ifdf
/sd ? xhf/df
!%) %))
afnaflnsfnfO{
>daf6 5'6fO{
ljBfno egf{
#) @))
ufpF afn ;+/If0f
;ldlt ;+Vof
@ #@
gkfx?df
afnaflnsf p4f/
tyf l;kmfl/;
;ldlt ;+Vof
@ @
kfl/jfl/s ;xof]u
k|bfg
%) @%)
>lds
afnaflnsfsf]
;+Vof
!%)) %))
nfu" cf}ifw k|of]u
ug]{ afnaflnsf
$^& @))
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !=$
k|To]s
afnaflnsfsf]
cfTdfg'zf;g /
lhDd]jf/L
af]wsf ;fy
;jf{lË0f ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
afn ljsf; s]Gb|
;+Vof
%*( ^%)
cgf}krfl/s lzIff
k|fKt ug]{
afnaflnsf ;+Vof
a9f
pg]
;dflxt lzIff
k|fKt ug]{
afnaflnsf ;+Vof
a9f
pg]
lszf]/Lx?sf
nflu
hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lk
@ !)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
144
tflnd
afn d~rx?sf]
Ifdtf clej[l4
tflnd ;+Vof
% #%
afnd}qL ;"rgf
;fdu|Lx?sf]
pTkfbg
@ %
sfdsfhL
dlxnfx?sf]
sfo{:yndf afn
:ofxf/ s]Gb|
) !
glthf !=%
:yfgLo txdf
afn cfjfhsf]
;'g'jfO{ u/L
of]hgf th'{df /
;/f]sf/sf cGo
lgsfox? ;d]t
lhDd]jf/ ePsf
x'g]5g
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ufpF, gu/ tyf
lhNnf afn e]nf
;+Vof -jflif{s_
#$ #$
ufpF, gu/ tyf
lhNnf afn d~r
;+Vof
#$ #$
afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g ;ldlt
ePsf :yfgLo
lgsfo ;+Vof
* #%
lj=Jo=;=df afn
;xeflutf ePsf]
ljBfno ;+Vof
!) @))
afnaflnsf
;DaGwL 5'6\6}
sf]if
) !
afnaflnsfsf]
hGdbtf{ b/
^& ()
afnd}qL kfs{,
:ynx?sf] ;+Vof
@ !)
afnd}qL ljBfno
;+Vof
) @))
ufpF, gu/ tyf
lhNnf afn e]nf
;+Vof
ufpFM!
)
gu/M
@
lhNnf
M!
ufpFM
#@
gu/M
@
lhN
nfM!
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !(=^
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf] nIo –lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn ;/f]sf/jfnf ;fem]bf/L /
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
145
afnd}qL :yfgLo
lgsfo
:yfkgfdf
pNn]Vo k|ult
ePsf] x'g]5 .
l:ylt
afnd}qL cfrf/
;+lxtf tof/ /
nfu" ePsf] uflj;
PJf+ g=kf= ;+Vof
^
uflj;
/ @
g=kf=
#$
afn k|f]kmfOnsf]
cfwf/df afnd}qL
nufgL of]hgf
tof/ / nfu" ePsf]
uflj; PJf+ g=kf=
;+Vof
$
uflj;
/ !
g=kf=
#$
afnd}qL ;"rs
:yfgLos/0f u/L
;f] dWo] slDtdf
*) k|ltzt ;"rs
k"/f u/L afnd}qL
3f]if0ff ePsf
uflj; PJf+ g=kf=
;+Vof
) #$
–lHfNnf afn sNof0f
;ldltsf] afnaflnsf
l:ylt kq
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
!(=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
jfn ;xeflutfsf nflu :yflgo tx;Dd jfn Snj Pj+ ;+hfnx?sf] lj:tf/df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
:yflgo lg0f{o k|s[ofdf ;xeflutf, k"jf{wf/ Pj+ cGo ljsf; ultljlwdf afnd}lq ljsf;sf]
cjwf/0ffsf] cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
afnaflnsfsf] ljBdfg l:ylt ;'wf/ ug{ cleefjs tyf afn nlIft ;d"xsf] Jofks
;xeflutf a9fOg]5 .
afn tyf lzz' :ofxf/ / hf]lvd kl/l:yltsf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;+/If0f;DaGwL
r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
lhNnf afn sNof0f ;ldltnfO{ ;F:yfut ub}{ :yfgLo lgsfo, u}/;/sf/L ;F:yf tyf
lglh If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf ;dGjofTds sfo{qmdx?sf] ;~rfngdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
afnaflnsfx?;+u ;DalGwt ljsf;fTds sfo{qmdx? ;fdflhs÷;fd'bflos kl/rfng /
k|rf/ k|;f/df hf]8 lbOg]5 / hgk|ltlglw tyf :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ a9L lhDd]jf/
u/fOg]5 .
afn aflnsfx?sf] :j:y ljsf;sf nflu kl/jf/ Pj+ ;d'bfo s]lGb|t sfo{qmdx?sf]
;~rfngdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
146
afn aflnsfx?sf] ;dfg'kflts ljsf;sf nflu n}l+us lje]bdf Go'gLs/0f Nofpg]tk{m
k|To]s ;/f]sf/;d"xnfO{ ;hu t'NofOg]5 .
afn lasf;sf nflu k|ToIf k|efj kfg]{ sfo{qmdx?sf ?kdf lgoldt vf]k lSnlgsdf
;'wf/, ;dGjo, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg gLlt lgdf{0f / kl/kf6L, afn clwsf/ ;+/If0f,
clgjfo{ k|fylds tyf cfwf/e"t lzIff, afn ;'wf/ u[x :yfkgf, afn clwsf/;DaGwL
cleefjs lzIff, afn of}g zf]if0f, j]rljvg lj?4 lzIff / sfg'gL ;+/If0f / afn
pBfg, afnklqsf tyf k':tsfnosf] Joj:yf cflbsf] ;~rfngdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
sfo{gLlt M
;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L / lghL tyf Jofj;foLs lgsfox?aLr ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/L ug]{ .
:yfgLo ;|f]tsf] kl/rfng ug]{ .
afnaflnsfsf] ;jf]{Qd lxtdf cfwfl/t ;+/If0f k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
afnaflnsf / pgLx?sf] clwsf/sf] l:ylt ljZn]if0f, of]hgf th'{df / nufgLsf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ .
cfrf/;+lxtf tyf gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ .
gLltut jsfnt, k}/aL / ;r]tgf ug]{ .
afnaflnsfsf] ;zlQms/0f / cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutf k|j4{g ug]{ .
;]jfsf] k|efjsf/Ltfsf nflu hjfkmb]lxtf / kf/blz{tf clej[l4 ug]{ .
;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{ .
Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ .
;fd'bflos kl/rfngdf hf]8 lbg] .
;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|j4{g ug]{ .
k|efjsf/L cg'udg, ;'k/Lj]If0f tyf d"Nof+sg k|0ffnL ljsf; ug]{ .
afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .
afnaflnsfnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf gLltsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .
afnaflnsf zfGtL If]q cleofgsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .
!(=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yldstf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
cfod'ns ;Lk
tyf tflnd 1000 51000 51000 51000 51000 205000 5
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
147
afnu[x÷;'wf/ u[x
cg'udg tyf
afnaflnsfsf]
kfl/jfl/s
k'g:yf{kgf
350 2400 2450 2500 2550 10250 4
afnu[xx?nfO{
dfkb08 / Ifdtf
clej[l4 tflnd 0 200 0 0 250 450 7
;8sdf cfl>t
afnaflnsfsf]
k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb|
:yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
2000 30000 40000 50000 50000 172000 6
glthf @=
;d'bfo tx;Dd
cfjZos
r]tgfd'ns
cleofg
100 4200 4200 4200 5200 17900 8
cleefjsx?;Fu
cfjZos
cleefjs
cGt/s[of
100 200 200 200 200 900 9
kf}li6s cfxf/
ljt/0f tyf
kf]if0f s]Gb|x?
;~rfng
6200 9200 9200 9200 9200 43000 10
lszf]/L lzIff
;+rfng 100 100 100 200 200 700 11
glthf #=
cfktsfnLg afn
p4f/ a9f]Q/L 200 200 300 300 300 1300 12
afnaflnsf
ljBfno egf{
;xof]u 200 800 900 1200 800 3900 14
ufpF afn ;+/If0f
;ldlt u7g tyf
kl/rfng 650 650 200 200 200 1900 16
afnaflnsf p4f/
tyf l;kmfl/;
;ldlt kl/rfng 100 150 200 250 250 950 13
kfl/jfl/s ;xof]u
k|bfg 300 500 600 700 750 2850 15
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
148
afn >d lj?4
r]tgfd'ns
sfo{qmd Pj+
tflnd ;+rfng
ug]{ -;8s gf6s,
/]l8of] sfo{qmd,
krf{–kDKn]6 5kfO{
cflb_
500 500 600 600 700 2900 17
glthf $=
afn ljsf; s]Gb|
:yfkgf tyf
;+rfng 500 51000 51000 5600 5600 113700 22
cgf}krfl/s lzIff
sfo{qmd 500 500 500 500 500 2500 23
lszf]/ lszf]/L
tflnd 200 500 500 300 600 2100 24
afn d~rx?sf]
Ifdtf clej[l4
tflnd 500 600 800 900 1000 3800 20
afnd}qL ;"rgf
;fdu|Lx?sf]
pTkfbg 200 400 700 800 900 3000 21
afn :ofxf/ s]Gb|
:yfkgf tyf
;+rfng 0 1000 500 500 500 2500 18
ljBfnox?df x'g]
zfl//Ls
;hfoFnfO{
Go"gLs/0f ug{sf
nflu lzIfs
lzlIfsfx?nfO{
tflnd
500 500 500 500 500 2500 18
glthf %=
ufpF, gu/ tyf
lhNnf afn e]nf
cfof]hgf 600 600 600 700 700 3200 25
afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g ;ldlt
u7g tyf
kl/rfng
500 400 300 200 100 1500 27
afnaflnsf
;DaGwL 5'6\6} 2200 5200 5600 6000 6000 25000 26
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
149
sf]if :yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
hGdbtf{
k|j4{gfTds
sfo{qmd tyf
lzlj/ cfof]hgf
500 600 700 800 850 3450 28
afnd}qL kfs{,
:ynx?sf] lgdf{0f 4 700 9500 9500 9500 9500 38700 30
;DalGwt
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]
nflu afn
clwsf/ /
afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;gsf af/]df
tflnd tyf
cGt/s[of
sfo{qmd
300 400 500 550 650 2400 29
;]jf k|bfos
sfof{nox?df
afnaflnsfsf
nflu v]Ng], k9\g]
;fdu|L ;lxtsf]
afnd}qL sf]7f
:yfkgf u/L
;+rfng ug]{
500 500 500 500 500 2500 32
afn lbj;x?
dgfpg] 100 100 100 100 100 500 31
glthf ^=
afnd}qL cfrf/
;+lxtf tof/ /
nfu" 100 100 100 100 100 500 1
k|f]kmfOn tof/
u/L afnd}qL
nufgL of]hgf
tof/L
500 500 500 500 500 2500 2
afnd}qL ;"rs
k'/f u/L afnd}qL
ufpF, gu/ /
lHfNnf 3f]if0ff
5500 6500 7500 8500 9500 37500 3
hDdf 25700 179000 190350 157100 159700 711850
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
150
!(=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
cfod'ns ;Lk tyf tflnd
lh=lj=;=,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnu[x÷;'wf/ u[x cg'udg
tyf afnaflnsfsf] kfl/jfl/s
k'g:yf{kgf
lh=lj=;=,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnu[xx?nfO{ dfkb08 /
Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd
lh=lj=;=,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
;8sdf cfl>t afnaflnsfsf]
k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb| :yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf @=
;d'bfo tx;Dd cfjZos
r]tgfd'ns cleofg
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
cleefjsx?;Fu cfjZos
cGt/s[of
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
kf}li6s cfxf/ ljt/0f tyf
kf]if0f s]Gb|x? ;~rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf #=
cfktsfnLg afn p4f/
a9f]Q/L
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnaflnsf ljBfno egf{
;xof]u
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
ufpF afn ;+/If0f ;ldlt u7g
tyf kl/rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnaflnsf p4f/ tyf
l;kmfl/; ;ldlt kl/rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
kfl/jfl/s ;xof]u k|bfg
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afn >d lj?4 r]tgfd'ns lh=lj=;=, lh=jf=s=;=, /fhg}lts u};;, lghL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
151
sfo{qmd Pj+ tflnd ;+rfng
ug]{ -;8s gf6s, /]l8of]
sfo{qmd, krf{–kDKn]6 5kfO{
cflb_
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
bn, gful/s If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf $
afn ljsf; s]Gb| :yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
cgf}krfl/s lzIff sfo{qmd
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
lszf]/ lszf]/L tflnd
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afn d~rx?sf] Ifdtf
clej[l4 tflnd
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnd}qL ;"rgf ;fdu|Lx?sf]
pTkfbg
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afn :ofxf/ s]Gb|
:yfkgf tyf ;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
ljBfnox?df x'g] zfl//Ls
;hfoFnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{sf
nflu lzIfs lzlIfsfx?nfO{
tflnd
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf %
ufpF, gu/ tyf lhNnf afn
e]nf cfof]hgf
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g
;ldlt u7g tyf kl/rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnaflnsf ;DaGwL 5'6\6}
sf]if :yfkgf tyf ;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
hGdbtf{ k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmd
tyf lzlj/ cfof]hgf
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnd}qL kfs{, :ynx?sf]
lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] lh=lj=;=, lh=jf=s=;=, /fhg}lts u};;, lghL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
152
nflu afn clwsf/ / afnd}qL
:yfgLo zf;gsf af/]df
tflnd tyf cGt/s[of
sfo{qmd
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
bn, gful/s If]q, ;d'bfo
;]jf k|bfos sfof{nox?df
afnaflnsfsf nflu v]Ng],
k9\g] ;fdu|L ;lxtsf] afnd}qL
sf]7f :yfkgf u/L ;+rfng ug]{
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afn lbj;x? dgfpg]
glthf ^
afnd}qL cfrf/ ;+lxtf tof/
/ nfu"
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
k|f]kmfOn tof/ u/L afnd}qL
nufgL of]hgf
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
afnd}qL ;"rs k'/f u/L
afnd}qL ufpF, gu/ / lHfNnf
3f]if0ff
lh=lj=;=,
ljBfno,
uflj;, g=kf=
lh=jf=s=;=,
d=af=sf=, uflj;,
cleefjs
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s,
dGqfno
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo,
bftf
!(=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
cfod'ns ;Lk tyf tflnd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnu[x÷;'wf/ u[x cg'udg tyf
afnaflnsfsf] kfl/jfl/s k'g:yf{kgf
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnu[xx?nfO{ dfkb08 / Ifdtf
clej[l4 tflnd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;8sdf cfl>t afnaflnsfsf]
k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb| :yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @
;d'bfo tx;Dd cfjZos
r]tgfd'ns cleofg
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cleefjsx?;Fu cfjZos
cGt/s[of
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
153
lh=jf=s=;= cWoog,
kf}li6s cfxf/ ljt/0f tyf kf]if0f
s]Gb|x? ;~rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #
cfktsfnLg afn p4f/ a9f]Q/L
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnaflnsf ljBfno egf{ ;xof]u
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ufpF afn ;+/If0f ;ldlt u7g tyf
kl/rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnaflnsf p4f/ tyf l;kmfl/;
;ldlt kl/rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
kfl/jfl/s ;xof]u k|bfg
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afn >d lj?4 r]tgfd'ns
sfo{qmd Pj+ tflnd ;+rfng ug]{ -
;8s gf6s, /]l8of] sfo{qmd, krf{–
kDKn]6 5kfO{ cflb_
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf $
afn ljsf; s]Gb| :yfkgf tyf
;+rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cgf}krfl/s lzIff sfo{qmd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lszf]/ lszf]/L tflnd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afn d~rx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4
tflnd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnd}qL ;"rgf ;fdu|Lx?sf]
pTkfbg
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afn :ofxf/ s]Gb|
:yfkgf tyf ;+rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ljBfnox?df x'g] zfl//Ls
;hfoFnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{sf nflu
lzIfs lzlIfsfx?nfO{ tflnd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf %
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
154
ufpF, gu/ tyf lhNnf afn e]nf
cfof]hgf
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ;ldlt
u7g tyf kl/rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnaflnsf ;DaGwL 5'6\6} sf]if
:yfkgf tyf ;+rfng
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
hGdbtf{ k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmd tyf
lzlj/ cfof]hgf
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnd}qL kfs{, :ynx?sf] lgdf{0f
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] nflu
afn clwsf/ / afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;gsf af/]df tflnd tyf
cGt/s[of sfo{qmd
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;]jf k|bfos sfof{nox?df
afnaflnsfsf nflu v]Ng], k9\g]
;fdu|L ;lxtsf] afnd}qL sf]7f
:yfkgf u/L ;+rfng ug]{
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afn lbj;x? dgfpg]
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf ^
afnd}qL cfrf/ ;+lxtf tof/ / nfu"
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
k|f]kmfOn tof/ u/L afnd}qL nufgL
of]hgf
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
afnd}qL ;"rs k'/f u/L afnd}qL
ufpF, gu/ / lHfNnf 3f]if0ff
uflj;, gkf,
d=jf=sf=,
lh=jf=s=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
155
kl/R5]b @)
o'jf tyf v]ns'b
@)=! e'ldsf
xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf o'jf ju{sf] lxt k|jw{g ug]{ eGg] /fHosf] gLlt /x]sf] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] cg'?k
g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fli6\o o'jf gLlt, @)^^ sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 . o'jf;Fu ;DjGwLt ;fdflhs s'l/ltx?sf]
cGTo, nfu' kbfy{ Pj+ b'Ao{;gL lj?4 ;r]tgf sfo{qmd, s[lif, ko{6g, jg cflb If]qdf n3' pBd Pj+
:j/f]huf/Lsf sfo{qmd, PrcfO{le P8\; lj?4sf sfo{qmd, a}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g Pj+ gLlt, >d P]g, >d cbfnt,
cflbsf] Aoj:yf / ;]jfx? k|bfg ul/b} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . To:t} /fli6\o v]ns'b gLlt, @)^& sfof{Gjogdf
cfPsf], sl/j %# lHfNnfdf se8{xn lgdf{0f, v]ns'b Ps]8ldsf] :yfkgf, /fli6\o Pj+ cGt//fli6\o v]n
k|ltof]lutfx?sf] cfof]hgf Pj+ ;xeflutf g]kfnn] hgfpb} cfPsf] klg 5 . :jf:Yosf nflu v]ns'b, /fi6\sf
nflu v]ns'bsf] dd{ cg';f/ s]lx sfo{ klg ePsf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg o'jf ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmdx?, o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd, o'jfnfO{ dfgj t:s/L, j]rljvg Pj+
nfu'kbfy{ lgoGq0f h:tf sfo{qmddf ;l/s agfpg] Pj+ cfjZostfg';f/ g]t[Tj ljsf; / ;r]tgf d'ns
sfo{qmdx? ;+rflnt x'b} cfPsf] 5g\ . h;af6 o'jfx?sf] :yfgLo txdf g]t[Tj ljsf;, l;k ljsf;, /fHo Pj+
;dfh lgdf{0fk|ltsf] yk bfloTj af]w x'g k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . cfufld lbgdf o:tf kIfnfO{ yk ;[b[9 u/fpg,
o'jfju{sf] rf}tlkm{ ljsf;df :YffgLo k|of;nfO{ cem k|efjsf/L agfpg ;fy} :jf:Yosf nflu v]ns'b, /fi6\sf
nflu v]ns'b eGg] dd{nfO{ lHfNnfdf cfGtl/lss/0f ug{ ;d]t of] of]hgfn] hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .
@)=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
:jb]lz Pj+ ljb]lz ahf/ dfu cg'?ksf] Ifdtf / of]Uotf ;lxtsf] o'jf ju{sf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{ ;dosf] dfu Pj++
r'gf}lt b'j} x'g uPsf] 5 . :jb]zdf dWod /pRr lzIff k|fKt o'jf ljb]z knfog x'g], :jb]zd} cfjZos
;fdflhs Pj+ cfly{s ;]jf Pj+ 6]jf kfpg g;Sg', :j/f]h kfpg] ;+a}wflgs xsaf6 al~rt x'g', /f]huf/d'ns
Pj+ l;kd'ns lzIff k|bfg ug{ g;Sg', /fHosf] gj lgdf{0f ug]{ ;Sg] st{Ao Pj+ clwsf/af]wn] o'Qm o'jf ju{sf]
ljsf; ug{ g;Sg' cfhsf] k|d'v ;jfn xf] . x/]s jif{ >d ahf/df cfpg] o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ :j/f]huf/, lzIff,
;Lk lbO{ pgLx?nfO{ :jb]z Pj+ :yfgLo txd} ;Ddfg Pj+ cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ul/
pgLx?nfO{ s[lif, kz'kfng, ko{6g, hn>f]t, pBf]u Pj+ Aoj;fodf cfs[i6 ug'{, o'jfju{sf] /ut / kl;gf
:yfgLo :t/d} pkof]u ug{ uj{ ug]{ / nfnflot kfg]{ r'gf}ltsf] k|efjsf/L ;fdgf ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] 5 .
lHfNnf txdf v]ns'b cleofgx? ;+rfng eO{ cfPsf] klg 5 . lHfNnf v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt, ljleGg v]n;Fu
;DjGwLt v]n ;+3x? u7gsf] cEof; klg eO{ cfPsf] 5 .
@)=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
o'jfx?sf] ;+:yfut ;+hfn a9]sf]
Plss[t ?kdf o'jf nlIft / o'jf
:j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ePsf]
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt
cg'?k o'jfsf] ljsf;df
;xeflutf a9]sf]
o'jfnfO{ Aoj;flos ;Lk ljsf;
cj;/
o'jfx?sf] g]t[Tj ljsf;, Ifdtf
ljsf;sf k|;:t cj;/ a9]sf]
o'jfx? :yfgLo ljsf;df ;xeflu x'g
kfpg]
o'jf ju{sf] lxt lglDt ;j}sf] rf;f]
a9]sf]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
156
o'jfnfO{ shf{ k|jfx dfkm{t
cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ePsf
v]ns'b PJf+ v]nd}bfg a9]sf]
sdhf]/ kIfM
o'jf ju{df nIo cg';f/sf]
sfo{qmd k'Ug g;Sg'
sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf sfod} /xg'
o'jf tyf v]ns'b If]qsf] ljsf;df
>f]t;fwgsf] sld
r'gf}lt
o'jf ju{sf] cfjZostfg';f/ ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf x6fpg]
o'jfnfO{ :j/f]huf/ / pBd tkm{
cfslif{t ug]{
@)=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
o'jf / v]ns'b ljsf;aLr cGt/;DjGw :yflkt ub}{ o'jfx?sf] :jf:Yo, cg'z;g, ultlzntf / lhNnfsf]
ljsf;df pNn]Vo of]ubfg k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
@)=% p4]Zo
v]ns'b If]qsf] ljsf; ub}{ o'jfnfO{ ultlzn, cg'zfl;t agfpb} pgLx?sf] hLJf:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
@)=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!=o'jf tyf
v]ns'b
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M v]ns'b
If]qsf] ljsf;
ub}{ o'jfnfO{
ultlzn,
cg'zfl;t
agfpb}
pgLx?sf]
hLJf:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cGt/fli6\o :t/sf]
lqms]6 d}bfg
) !
v]ns'b cleofg
;+rfng -k6s_
) %
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldltsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !M
v]ns'b ;DjGwL
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
/ ;+:yfut
Ifdtfsf] ljsf;
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
cGt/fli6\o :t/sf]
lqms]6 d}bfg
) !
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldltsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
157
ePsf] x'g]5 .
lHfNnf:t/sf] v]n
cfof]hgf x'g;Sg]
v]nd}bfg ePsf]
Onfsf ;+Vof
$ !#
v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldlt ePsf]
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
;+Vof
) #$
lgjf{rg If]q:t/Lo
/+uzfnf lgdf{0f
! $
v]ns'b ;DjGwL
o'jfx?sf] Snj
! %
glthf @M
v]ns'b
cleofgfTds
?kdf ;+rfng
eO{ o'jfx?sf]
cg'zfg /
klxrfg a[l4
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
v]ns'b cleofg
;+rfng -k6s_
) %
v]nfl8x?sf] cfrf/
;+lxtf tof/ /
nfu"
! !
g]kfndf sf:sLn]
k|yd x'g] v]n
;+Vof
) $
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldltsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf #M
v]ns'bsf]
dfWodaf6
;Ifd hgzlQm,
o'jfsf] :jf:Yo
/ hLJfgz}ln
kl/jt{g ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
v]n k|lzIfs
tflnd -uf]6f_
! !)
Aoj;flos v]nfl8
tflnd -uf]6f_
! !)
v]ns'baf6}
cfTdlge/ v]nfl8
k|ltzt
! #)
v]nfl8x?sf] ljdf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng
) !
v]nfl8 ;'/Iff sf]if
:yfkgf ePsf]
) !%
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lHfNnf v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldltsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
158
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
@)=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
x/]s lgjf{rg If]qdf /+uzfnf lgdf{0f, lqms]6 :6]l8od, x/]s uflj;df v]nd}bfgsf] ljsf; h:tf
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
o'jf tyf v]nfl8x?sf] cg'z;g, ultlzntf, ;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf; / pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo tyf
dgf]/Ghgsf] kofKt ljsf;sf] cj;/ l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
v]nfl8 tyf v]n k|lzIfssf] Ifdtf ljsf;, v]ns'b ;+3x?sf] ljsf; ug{ Wofg lbOg]5 .
;fj{hlgs, lghL, ;xsf/L, ljBfno, /fhg}lts bnx?, u};; ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Ldf v]ns'b
If]q / o'jfx?sf] ljsf; ug{ cleofg ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
v]ns'bnfO{ vf; 36gf jf lqmofsnfksf ?kdf dfq xf]Og a? ;femf cleofgsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{
hf]8 lbOg]5 .
v]ns'b ;ldltx? ;j} uflj; Pj+ gu/kfnLsfdf /xg] Aoj:yf ldnfpg], v]nfl8 ;'/Iff sf]ifsf] :yfkgf
/ v]nfl8x?nfO{ Aoj;flos / v]ns'baf6} hLJfg:t/ psf:g ;Sg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
@)=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yldstf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
cGt/fli6\o :t/sf]
lqms]6 d}bfg
lgdf{0f
! 8000 12000 12000 12000 12000 56000 12
Onfsfdf
lHfNnf:t/sf] v]n
cfof]hgf x'g;Sg]
v]nd}bfg lgdf{0f
/ dd{t
!# 3000 37000 70000 77600 79000 266600
13
v]ns'b ljsf;
;ldlt u7g-
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
_
#$ 400 450 500 600 500 2450
9
lgjf{rg If]q:t/Lo
/+uzfnf lgdf{0f
$ 2000 7000 7000 7000 8000 31000 10
v]ns'b ;DjGwL
o'jfx?sf] Snj
u7g /
lqmoflzntf
% 500 400 900 960 900 3660
11
glthf @=
v]ns'b cleofg
;+rfng -k6s_
% 2500 500 500 500 500 4500 6
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
159
v]nfl8x?sf]
cfrf/ ;+lxtf
tof/ / nfu"
! 200 200 260 270 250 1180 7
g]kfndf sf:sLn]
k|yd x'g] v]n
;+Vof a[l4 sfo{
$ 1500 5500 5500 5500 5500 23500 8
glthf #=
v]n k|lzIfs
tflnd -uf]6f_
!) 700 700 700 700 700 3500 2
Aoj;flos v]nfl8
tflnd -uf]6f_
!) 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 12500 1
v]ns'baf6}
cfTdlge/ v]nfl8
ljsf; sfo{qmd
#) 500 7000 7000 7000 7000 28500 4
v]nfl8x?sf] ljdf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng
! 500 6000 6300 6300 6600 25700 3
v]nfl8 ;'/Iff sf]if
:yfkgf ug]{ -
uflj; Pj+
g=kf=df_
!% 500 6000 6000 6000 6000 24500
5
hDdf 22800 85250 119160 126930 129450 483590
@)=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
cGt/fli6\o :t/sf] lqms]6 d}bfg
lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
Onfsfdf lHfNnf:t/sf] v]n
cfof]hgf x'g;Sg] v]nd}bfg
lgdf{0f / dd{t
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt u7g-
uflj; Pj+ g=kf= _
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
lgjf{rg If]q:t/Lo /+uzfnf
lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]ns'b ;DjGwL o'jfx?sf] Snj
u7g / lqmoflzntf
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
160
k=If]=v]=lj=;= v]ns'b ;+3 o'jfSnj If]q
glthf @=
v]ns'b cleofg ;+rfng -k6s_
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]nfl8x?sf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf tof/
/ nfu"
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
g]kfndf sf:sLn] k|yd x'g] v]n
;+Vof a[l4 sfo{
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
glthf #=
v]n k|lzIfs tflnd lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
Aoj;flos v]nfl8 tflnd -uf]6f_
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]ns'baf6} cfTdlge/ v]nfl8
ljsf; sfo{qmd
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]nfl8x?sf] ljdf sfo{qmd
;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
v]nfl8 ;'/Iff sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ -
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=df_
lh=lj=;=,
:yfgLo lgsfo,
k=If]=v]=lj=;=
lh=v]=lj=;=,
:yfgLo v]=lj=;=,
v]ns'b ;+3
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s, bftf,
o'jfSnj
u};;, ljBfno,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
@)=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
cGt/fli6\o :t/sf] lqms]6 d}bfg
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
Onfsfdf lHfNnf:t/sf] v]n cfof]hgf
x'g;Sg] v]nd}bfg lgdf{0f / dd{t
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt u7g- uflj;
Pj+ g=kf= _
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
161
lgjf{rg If]q:t/Lo /+uzfnf lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]ns'b ;DjGwL o'jfx?sf] Snj u7g
/ lqmoflzntf
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
glthf @=
v]ns'b cleofg ;+rfng -k6s_
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]nfl8x?sf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf tof/ /
nfu"
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
g]kfndf sf:sLn] k|yd x'g] v]n ;+Vof
a[l4 sfo{
glthf #=
v]n k|lzIfs tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
Aoj;flos v]nfl8 tflnd -uf]6f_
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]ns'baf6} cfTdlge/ v]nfl8 ljsf;
sfo{qmd
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]nfl8x?sf] ljdf sfo{qmd ;+rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
v]nfl8 ;'/Iff sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ -
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=df_
:yfgLo
lgsfo, v]n
;+3x?
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=, If]=v]=;=
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
162
kl/R5]b @!
h]i7 gful/s
@!=! e'ldsf
Ho]i7 gful/s ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# / lgodfjnL, @)^% hf/L ePsf] 5 . h]i7 gful/s cfjf; u[x ;~rfng
tyf k"jf{wf/ ;DjGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)&) ;fy} Ho]i7 gful/s k|lzIf0f lgb]{lzsf klg cfPsf], % j6f ljsf; If]qdf
Ps Ps j6f gd"gf Ho]i7 gful/s cf>d lgdf0f / ;+rfng ug]{ gLlt g]kfn ;/sf/n] lnPsf] klg 5 .
h;n] Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] cfwf/e"t xs clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L pgLx?sf] ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg Pj+ hLjgofkg
ug{, pxfFx?sf] pGglt / ;+/If0fsf ;fy} cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] yk k|Tofe"lt lbnfpg] sfo{ u/]sf] 5 .
b]zsf ljleGGf If]qd a[4f>d, lbjf x]/rfx s]Gb|, b]zsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?aLr ;dGjosf nflu pRr:t/Lo
s]lGb|o Ho]i7 gful/s sNof0f ;ldltsf] :yfkgf ;d]t ePsf] 5 . b]zsf 7"nf ;/sf/L c:ktfnx?df h]i7
gful/s jf8{ :yfkgf, ;fj{hlgs ;8s Pj+ xjfO{ oftfoftdf l;6 ;'/lIft Pj+ ljz]if ;x'lnotsf] k|fjwfg klg
sfof{Gjogdf cfO ;s]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?aLr ;dGjosf nflu lHfNnf:t/Lo Ho]i7 gful/s sNof0f ;ldltsf]
:yfkgf ePsf], Ho]i7 gful/ssf] pkrf/ Pj+ oftfoft k|0ffnLdf ;x'lnot k|bfg ug]{ Aoj:yf klg lHfNnf Pj+
:yfgLo txdf eO{ cfPsf] 5 . a[4f>dx?sf] lgdf{0f / ;+rfng klg ePsf] 5g\, t/ kl5Nnf ;dodf lbjf
dgf]/~hg jf ;T;+3 s]Gb| :yfkgf Pj+ Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ a[4f>ddf xf]Og j? kl/jf/d} ;+/If0f / dfofsf]
jftfj/0f cIf'i0f /fVg'kg]{ tkm{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] Wofg Pj+ lHfNnf / :yfgLo txdf gLlt tyf of]hgf th'{df /
sfof{Gjog ug{ hf]8 lbg yfnLPsf] / of] of]hgf klg To; lbzftkm{ cu|;/ ePsf] 5 .
@!=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] tYof+s Aojl:yt ug]{, ;f]sf] l/kf]l6{+u ug]{ sfo{ :YffgLo lgsfox? Pj+ dlxnf tyf
jfnaflnsf sfof{noaf6 eO{/x]sf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ljt/0f :yfgLo lgsfox? dfkm{t eO{ cfPsf] /
pxFfx?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L ;Ddfg k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ klg kl5Nnf lbgx?df ltj|t/ x'b} cfPsf]
kfOG5 . lhlj; ;efklt jf lghsf] sfo{ ug{ tf]lsPsf] AolQmsf] cWoIftfdf lHfNnf Ho]i7 gful/s sNof0f
;ldlt u7g eO{ pgLx?sf] xslxt ;+/If0fsf sfo{df lqmoflzn 5 . ]
Ho]i7 gful/s xslxt ;/f]sf/ ;+DjGwL ;+:yfx? ljsf; ePsf, cGt/k':tf ;f}xfb{tf sfo{qmd ;+rfng, Ho]i7
gful/snfO{ 1fg, ;Lk x:tfGt/0f sfo{qmd ;d]t ;+rfng eO{ cfPsf] 5 . Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] xslxt, ;Ddfg
/ k}/jL ug{ ;/sf/L, lghL, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo, u};; cflb ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{ / ;fe]mbf/L a9\b} uPsf] 5 .
@!=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;an kIf sdhf]/ kIf
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;+:yfut ;~hfn a9]sf] Ho]i7 gful/sx? k|ltsf] nIo cg';f/sf] sfo{qmd nlIft
;d'bfodf gk'Ug'
Ho]i7 gful/ssf lxt / ;'lawf x'g] vfnsf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ePsf]
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] 3/ kl/jf/ / ;dfhdf ;d]t cfb/
;Ddfg x/fp+b} hfg'
;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] gLlt cg'?k Ho]i7
gful/ssf] r]tgf a[¢L ePsf]
plgx?sf] 1fg, zLk / cg'ejsf] pkof]udf sdL x'g',
lnlka¢ gagfpg'
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
163
a[¢f>dx? v'n]sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] lxt / ;'lawfdf /fHo / ;dfhsf] Wofg
sd x'g'
Ho]i7 gful/s lbjf ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgfdf rf;f]
a9]sf]
;|f]t ;fwgsf] sdLsf sf/0f sfo{qmdx? ;+rfngdf sdL
x'g'
Ho]i7 gful/s lbj; / ;Ddfg sfo{qmd yflnPsf] ;DkQLnfO{ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] :j]lR5s x:tfGt/0f ug{
kfpg] Aoj:yf gug'{
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] :jf:Yo pkrf/df ;xof]u k'u]sf] Ho]i7 gful/s d}qL sfg"g, oftfoft ;fwg / cfjf;
Aoj:yf gx'g'
cj;/ r'gf}lt
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;+:yfut g]t[Tj / Ifdtf
clea[l¢sf] cj;/ a9]sf]
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cfjZostfg';f/ ah]6 lgsf;f tyf
sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f
Ho]i7 gful/sn] lasf; sfo{df ;xeflu x'g kfpg] Ho]i7 gful/ssf cg'ej, 1fg / zLknfO{ lnlka¢ clen]v
/fVg]
Ho]i7 gful/sn] cfˆg} kl/jf/df ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f
kfpg ;Sg]
a[¢f>dnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg / a[¢f>dsf] ;+Vof
Go"lgs/0f ug'{
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] lxt k|lt ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] rf;f]
a9\g]
Ho]i7 gful/ssf lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|, ;T;Ë Pj+ Wofgs]Gb|
:yfkgf / a[l¢ ug{'
Ho]i7 gful/ssf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s oftgfdf sdL
x'g]
ckfË Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu 5'§} :ofxf/ s]Gb| ;+rfng ug{'
;'lawfhgs hLjg ofkgsf] ;+efjgf a9\g] Ho]i7 gful/ssf] lalzi6 :jf:Yo -h]l/of6«s_ pkrf/sf]
kx'r k'¥ofpg'
@!=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] af+sL hLjg 3/ kl/jf/ / ;dfhsf nflu pkof]lu, ;lqmo, :j:Yo Pj+ ;Ddflgt agfpg]5 .
@!=% p4]Zo
;+o'Qm kl/jf/sf] ;+/rgf la36g x'+b} uPsf] / gof ;+/rgfsf] lasf; gePsf] cj:yfdf Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] hLjgnfO{
;fy{s / ;Ddflgt agfpFg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
164
@!=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= h]i7 gful/s
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M ;+o'Qm
kl/jf/sf] ;+/rgf
la36g x'+b} uPsf]
/ gof ;+/rgfsf]
lasf; gePsf]
cj:yfdf Ho]i7
gful/sx?sf]
hLjgnfO{ ;fy{s
/ ;Ddflgt
agfpFg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
Ho]i7 gful/snfO{
kl/ifbdf ;xeflu
u/fpg] ufpF /
gu/ ;+Vof
@ #$
kl/jf/d} /dfO/x]sf
h]i7 gful/s
k|ltzt
*% ((
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfof{nosf] k|ltj]bg,
Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf
;+3sf] k|ltj]bg,
j[4f>dx?sf] k|ltj]bg
ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmd
k|fKt ePdf
lhNnf / s]Gb|
txdf ;dGjo
ug]{
Gflthf !M
a[¢f>dx?sf]
u'0f:t/df
clej[l4 ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
j[4f>d ;+Vof $
j6f
@
j6f
dfkb08 xf;Ln
u/]sf j[4f>d
;+Vof
! @
j6f
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfof{nosf] k|ltj]bg,
Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf
;+3sf] k|ltj]bg,
j[4f>dx?sf] k|ltj]bg
ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmd
k|fKt ePdf
lhNnf / s]Gb|
txdf ;dGjo
ug]{
Gflthf @M Ho]i7
gful/sx?/sf
nflu lbjf ;]jf
s]Gb|x? ;+rfng
ePsf x'g]5g
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|
;+Vof
@ j6f
!)
j6f
kl/jf/d} /dfO/x]sf
h]i7 gful/s
k|ltzt
*% ((
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfof{nosf] k|ltj]bg,
Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf
;+3sf] k|ltj]bg,
j[4f>dx?sf] k|ltj]bg
ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmd
k|fKt ePdf
lhNnf / s]Gb|
txdf ;dGjo
ug]{
Gflthf #M Ho]i7
gful/sx?sf]
;fdflhs ;'/Iff,
clwsf/ ;+/If0f
/ ;Ddflgt x'g]
ultljlwx?
;+rfng ePsf
x'g]5g
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
Ho]i7 gful/s
lbj; dgfO{Psf]
;+Vof
Afflif{s
!
k6s
Afflif{
s !
k6s
k':tfGt/;DaGwL
cGt/s[of sfo{qmd
;+Vof
jflif{s
!
jflif{
s $
Ho]i7 gful/s
nlIft :jf:Yo
) jflif{
s $
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfof{nosf] k|ltj]bg,
Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf
;+3sf] k|ltj]bg,
j[4f>dx?sf] k|ltj]bg
ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmd
k|fKt ePdf
lhNnf / s]Gb|
txdf ;dGjo
ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
165
l;lj/ ;+Vof
Ho]i7 gful/ssf
ufpF / gu/ ;+hfn
# #$
Ho]i7 gful/snfO{
kl/ifbdf ;xeflu
u/fpg] ufpF /
gu/ ;+Vof
@ #$
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
kfpg] h]i7 gful/s
!!%)) !#%))
@!=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ kl/jf/d} /dfpg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ul/g]5 .
cGt/k'itf ;DjGw / hl6ntf af/] tflnd lbO{ h]i7 gful/snfO{3/d} ;Ddflgt agfpg hf]8 lbOg]5 .
lbjf h]i7 gful/s s]o/ s]Gb| :yfkgfdf hf]8 lbg] t/ a[4f>d lj:tf/df sld Nofpg] k|of; ul/g]5 .
;fdflhs ;'/Iff, :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] Pj+ cGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{
yk ;]jf Pj+ ;'ljwf a9fpg] k|of; ul/g]5 .
@!=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yldstf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
j[4f>dx?sf]
:tf/f]GgtL tyf
;+rfng
60000 1000 1000 1000 1000 64000 6
lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|
;+rfng 6000 6000 6000 6400 6500 30900 4
lbj; dgfpg] 100 100 100 100 105 505 5
cl3Nnf] k':tf /
kl5Nnf] k':tf
aLr cGt/s[of 400 500 550 550 560 2560 3
h]i7 gful/s
;Ddfg sfo{s|d
500 600 550 6300 6300 14250 1
:jf:Yo l;lj/
;+rfng 400 550 540 500 550 2540 2
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
ljt/0f -h]i7
gful/s _ ? 85000 105000 155000 155000 162500 662500 7
s'n hDdf 152400 113750 163740 169850 177515 777255
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
166
@!=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
glthf lqmofsnfkx? ;+of]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fem]]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=! j[4f>dx?sf]
:tf/f]GgtL
lhlj; kf]v/f j[4f>d lhlj;, dtyfafsf,
Ho]i7gful/s lhNnf ;+3
u};;
glthf !=@ lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|
;+rfng
lhlj; u};;x? lhlj;, dtyfafsf,
Ho]i7gful/s lhNnf ;+3
u};;
glthf !=#
lbj; dgfpg]
lhlj; Ho]i7gful/s
lhNnf ;+3
lhlj;, dtyfafsf, u};;
cGt/s[of
lhlj; Ho]i7gful/s
lhNnf ;+3
lhlj;, dtyfafsf, u};;
:jf:Yo l;lj/
lhlj; Ho]i7gful/s
lhNnf ;+3
lhlj;, dtyfafsf,
hg=:jf=sf=, cf}iflw
Jofj;foL ;+3
u};;
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
sfo{qmd
lhlj; Ho]i7gful/s
lhNnf ;+3
lhlj;, dtyfafsf,
hg=:jf=sf=, cf}iflw
Jofj;foL ;+3
u};;
@!=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
glthf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{ Kf|ltj]bg
yof/ ug]{
lgsfo
cg'udg ug]{ Kf|ltj]bg k]z ug]{
lgsfo
! lhNnfsf oftfoft ;]jf ;xh x'g]
k|d'v :ynx?df Ho]i7 gful/s
lbjf ;]jf s]Gb| vf]Ng]
d=la=sfof{no÷l
hla;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
;+DalGwt
a[¢f>dx?
d=la=sfof{no÷
lhla;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
d=la=sfof{no÷lhl
a;
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
sf:sL lhNnfsf oftfoft ;]jf
;xh x'g] k|d'v :ynx?df Ho]i7
gful/s lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|
d=la=sfof{no÷l
hla;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
u};; d=la=sfof{no÷
lhla;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
d=la=sfof{no÷lhl
a;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
167
@ cGt/fli6«o Ho]=gf=lbj;sf lbgdf
aif]{gL ¥ofnL tyf Ho]=gf=nfO{
;Ddfg sfo{qmd ug{
d=la=sfof{no÷l
hla;
lh=Ho]=gf=;+= d=la=sfof{no÷
lhla;
d=la=sfof{no÷lhl
a;
# Uffp+sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu
3'lDt :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng ug]{
d=la=sfof{no÷l
hla;÷
lh=Ho]=gf=;+3
lh=Ho]=gf=;+= d=la=sfof{no÷
lhla; /
lhNnf
hg:jf:Yo
sfof{no
d=la=sfof{no÷lhl
a; / lhNnf
hg:jf:Yo
sfof{no
$ Affnaflnsf, o'jf laBfyL{ / Ho]i7
gful/ssf k':tfGt/ af/]
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ug{
d=la=sfof{no÷l
hla;
lh=Ho]=gf=;+= d=la=sfof{no÷
lhla;
d=la=sfof{no÷lhl
a;
;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd lhlj; Ho]i7gful/
s lhNnf
;+3
lhlj;,
dtyfafsf,
hg=:jf=sf=,
cf}iflw
Jofj;foL ;+3
u};;
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
168
kl/R5]b @@
cflbjfl; hghflt tyf cNk;+Vos
@@=! e'ldsf
g]kfnsf] xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf jlu{o, hflto, eflifs, n}+lus, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / If]qLo e]befjsf] cGTo ub}{
dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw];L, d':nLd ;d'bfo, plTkl8t ;d'bfo / lk5l8Psf] If]q Pj+ ju{sf]
;Daf]wg ug{ /fHosf] s]lGb|s[t Pj+ PsfTds 9fFrfsf] cGTo u/L ;dfj]zLtf ;lxtsf] cu|ufdL k'gM;+/rgf ul/g]
s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfndf ;j} hfhfltsf efiffnfO{ /fli6\o efiff dfg]sf], dft[efiffdf k|fylds lzIff
kfpg ;Sg], ;fd'bflos ;befj Pj+ /fli6\o PstfnfO{ pRr dxTj lbPsf] ;d]t b]lvG5 . g]kfnn] dfgj
clwfsf/sf] ljZjAoflk 3f]if0ffkq, gful/s tyf /fhg}lts clwsf/ ;DjGwL dxf;GwL, ;j} k|sf/sf hflto
e]befj pGd"ng ;DjGwL dxf;GwL, cGt//fli6\o >d ;+u7gsf] dxf;GwL g+= !^( h:tf y'k|} cGt//fli6\o
dxf;GwLsf] kIf /fi6\ ag]sf] / ;f] cg'?kdf sfo{of]hgf agfO{ sfo{ u/]sf] ;fy} k|ltj]bg klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
lHfNnfdf n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0f ah]6 cl86 ug]{, oL ju{sf] nflu :yfgLo lgsfox?df ;+oGq Pj+
of]hgf agfpg], ;dtf Pj+ ;dfgtfsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng, dlxnf ;zlQms/0f, ;Lk PJ+f ;r]tgf a[l4 ug]{,
dlxnfsf] :yfgLo txsf] ljsf; k|lqmof, ;+oGq, of]hgf tof/L Pj+ cg'udg ;d]tdf kx'Fr, lgoGq0f, cy{k"0f{
;xeflutf / d'nk|Jfflxs/0f ug]{tkm{ of] of]hgf agfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
@@=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
lHfNnfdf n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0f ah]6 cl86 x'b} cfPsf], oL ju{sf] nflu !% k|ltzt ah]6 :yfgLo
lgsfox?n] 5'6\6fpb} ;f] adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng x'b} cfPsf] 5 . cflbjf;L hghflt, blnt, d':nLd,
cNk;+Vos, PJ+f cGo lk5l8Psf ju{ / ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu lhNnftxdf cflbjfl; hghflt lHfNnf ;dGjo
;ldlt, dlxnf lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, ckf+utf lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt Pj+ pk]lIft pTkLl8t blnt ju{ lHfNnf
;dGjo ;ldltx? u7g / lqmoflzn u/fpg] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . cflbjf;L hghflt, blnt, d':nLd,
cNk;+Vos, PJ+f cGo lk5l8Psf ju{ / ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu ljleGg sfo{qmdx? g]kfn ;/sf/ Pj+ :yflgo
lgsfodf nlIft sfo{qmd Pj+ cfof]hgf th'{df x'g] u/]sf] / pQm sfo{qmdx? pgLx?sf hflto jf ;d'bfosf
;+:yf Pj+ pgLx?sf] ;lqmotfdf sfofGjog ug]{ ul/Psf] klg 5 . pgLx?sf] efiff, ;+:s[tL, k/Dk/fut 1fg,
;Lk Pj+ k]zfsf] ;+/If0fsf sfo{qmd ;d]t x'b} cfPsf] 5 . cflbjf;L hghflt, blnt, d':nLd, cNk;+Vos, PJ+f
cGo lk5l8Psf ju{ / ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo ;d]t lqmoflzn /
cGt/ ;dGjo sfod ug]{ sfo{ klg x'b} cfPsf]5 .
ljutb]lvsf] e]befj, clzIff, /fHosf ;]jf, ;'ljwf, ;+oGq, lgsfo, lg0f{o, of]hgf tof/ ug]{ cflb :yfgdf
k5fl8 k/]sf jf kfl/Psf] ;fy} ul/jL, ljBdfg ;+ls0f{ ;fdflhs d"No dfGotf, >f]tsf] c;dfg ljt/0f cflb
sdhf]/L oBlk sfod} /x]sf] dxz'if ;DjGwLt nlIft ju{af6} x'g k'u]sf] l:ylt 5 . o; l:yltsf] ;Djf]wg ub}{
cufl9 a9\g] tTk/tf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfx?, lghLIf]q, u}/;/sf/L If]q, /fhg}lts If]q, :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
;d'bfo:t/df ;d]t a9\b} uPsf] ;s/fTds cj:yf a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf] klg 5 .
@@=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
/fHo g} hghfltsf] nflu al9
lhDd]jf/ eP/ al9 sfo{qmd
Nofpg'
hghflt ;dGjo ;ldltx? u7g
nlIft ju{sf] ;d'x, ;+hfn Aofks
dfqfdf ag]sf]
cj;/
gLlt lgdf{0fsf] txdf hghfltsf]
;xeflutf a9\g ;Sg]
of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd th'{dfdf
hghfltsf] ;xeflutf a9\g ;Sg]
hghfltsf 1fg, ;Lk / cg'ej PJf+
pkrf/ k4ltsf] ;b'kof]u ug{ ;lsg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
169
hghflt ;DjGwL lHfNnf ;dGjo
;ldltsf] Aoj:yf
hghfltsf] pTyfg ;DjGwL
lhlj; PJ+f gkfdf gLlt sf]
Aoj:yf ePsf]
sdhf]/L
hghflt ;DjGwLgLlt lgodsf]
sfof{Gjogsf] sld
lk5l8Psf] Pj+ ul/j hghflt;Dd
k|efjsf/L sfo{qmd gk'Ug'
hghfltsf] If]qdf ah]6sf] sld
r'gf}lt
hflto e]befjsf] efjgf cGTo ug]{
hghfltsf] cfjZostf cg';f/
sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{
hghfltsf] ci6 h df clwsf/ :yfkLt
ug]{
@@=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf] :yfgLo txdf x'g] s'g} klg lgtL lgdf{0f, of]hgf th'{df, ;zlQms/0f Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf]
;+/If0fdf kx'Fr, lgoGq0f Pj+ d"nk|jfxLs/0f eO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs cj:yfdf pNn]vgLo ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 .
@@=% p4]Zo
:yfgLo txdf x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf ljsf;df cflbjf;L hghfltsf] kx'Fr Pj+ lgoGq0f sfod ub}{ ;f] af6 k|ToIf
?kdf kfpg] nfe lng ;Ifd agfpg] .
@@=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M :yfgLo
txdf x'g] ;a}
k|sf/sf
ljsf;df
cflbjf;L
hghfltsf]
kx'Fr Pj+
lgoGq0f sfod
ub}{ ;f] af6
k|ToIf ?kdf
kfpg] nfe lng
;Ifd agfpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif, kz'kfngdf
Joj;flos s[ifs
hghflt Ü
%Ü !%Ü
:yfgLo txdf n3'
pBd / :j/f]huf/
ug]{ Ü
!%Ü @%Ü
:yfgLo ;F3
;F:yfdf /f]huf/
k|fKt Ü
!)Ü !%Ü
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–hghflt dxf;+3 Pj+
lHfNnf hghflt ;dGjo
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M
hghfltsf]
clwsf/ k|flKt
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ILO 169 tflnd %Ü %$
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–hghflt dxf;+3 Pj+
lHfNnf hghflt ;dGjo
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
170
Pj+ ;zlQms/0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
k|fKt hghflt Ü Ü
g]t[Tj ljsf; Pj+
r]tgfd'ns tflnd
k|fKt hghflt @%Ü
^)Ü
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg
ePdf
glthf @ M
k/Dk/fut
;Lksf] ljsf;
Pj+ cfod'ns
sfo{qmd
;Frfng ePsf]
x'g]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
klZdgf, /fl8kfvL
a'Gg hfGg] k|ltzt
@ %
s5f8, efË|f a'gfO{
ug]{ k|ltzt
@ &
h8La'6L pkrf/
1fg k|fKt k|ltzt
! %
—df6f]sf] efF8f
agfpg] s'dfn
hflt -k|ltzt_
# !)
tfdfË –k]o kbfy{_,
wg'jf0f ;Lk
!Ü !)Ü
df5f hfn
agfpg]⁄dfg]{ l;k
x'g] -hnf/L_
#)Ü $)Ü
9fsf a'Gg], vfgf,
kl/sf/ agfpg] -
g]jf/_
$)Ü &)Ü
ysfnL vfgf,
kl/sf/ agfpg]
#)Ü &%Ü
gf}dlt afhf,
s5f8, efËf
agfpg] l;k
-du/⁄5GTofn_
#Ü !!Ü
$)Ü &)Ü
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–hghflt dxf;+3 Pj+
lHfNnf hghflt ;dGjo
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf # M
hghfltx?sf]
efiff, ;F:s[tL
Pj+ e]ife'iffsf]
;F/If0f ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ysfnL efiff
af]Ng hfGg] Ü !%Ü ^)Ü
u'?ª efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü ^)Ü *)
Ü
du/ efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü !)Ü $)
Ü
g]jf/L efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü $)Ü
&%Ü
5GTofn efiff
af]Ng hfGg] Ü %)Ü
&%Ü
s'dfn efiff af]Ng Ü Ü
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–hghflt dxf;+3 Pj+
lHfNnf hghflt ;dGjo
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
171
hfGg] Ü
e"h]n efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü %)Ü
&%Ü
tfdfª efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü Ü
Ü
b'/f efiff af]Ng
hfGg] Ü
!)Ü @%Ü
ysfnL
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
@%Ü &%Ü
du/
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
$)Ü &%Ü
g]jf/L
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
^)Ü *)Ü
5GTofn
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
@)Ü Ü
s'dfn
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
@%Ü %)Ü
tfdfª
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
$)Ü &%Ü
b'/f
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
@%Ü &%Ü
e'h]n
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
@)Ü %)Ü
u'?ª
e]ife'iff⁄;F:s[lt
k|j{4g
^)Ü *)Ü
glthf $ M
hghfltx?sf]
s[lif, ko{6g,
kz'kfng Pj+
cGo /f]huf/Lsf]
ljsf; ub}{
pgLx?sf]
cfTdlge{/tf
Pj+ hLjg:t/sf]
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
s[lif, kz'kfngdf
Joj;flos s[ifs
hghflt Ü
%Ü !%Ü
:yfgLo txdf n3'
pBd / :j/f]huf/
ug]{ Ü
!%Ü @%Ü
3/]n', s[lif, kz' ;]jf
sfof{no, u};;sf]
k|ltj]bg, cGo ;F3
;F:yfsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg . lhlj;sf]
k|f]kmfOn
— ;"rgfsf]
kx'Frdf
j[l4 ePdf
— ;"rgfsf]
kx'Frdf j[l4
ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
172
@@=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
– hghfltx?sf] clen]v ;+sng / k|f]kmfOn tof/ u/L ;f] tYof+ssf] cfwf/df hghfltsf] ljsf; of]hgf
Pj+ sfo{of]hgf agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .
– hghflt Pj+ cGo hfltaLr ;xeflutfd'ns tflnd sfo{qmd ;+rfng / ljsf; of]hgf tof/ ul/g]5 .
– hghfltx?sf] ;Ddfg / klxrfg a[l4 ug{ sfo{qmdx? ;+rfngdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
– hghfltx?sf] l;k ljsf;, df}lns ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{, k/Dk/fut cf}iflwo 1fsf] ljsf; / k|jw{g
ul/g]5 .
@@=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
g]t[Tj ljsf;
tflnd
**)
hgf
1480 2500 2550 2575 2600 11705 2
ILO 169 ;DaGwL tflnd
())
hgf
2250 4300 4300 4325 4350 19525 1
glthf @=
klZdgf, /f8LkfvL,
s5f8, efª\u|f a'gfO{
tflnd
#) 1500 2600 2650 2706 2750 12206 3
hl8a'6L pTkfbg,
k/Dk/fut pkrf/
ljwL ljsf; ug]{
%))
hgf
1100 3100 3100 3100 3100 13500 6
s'dfn hfltnfO{
k/Dk/fut df6f]sf]
efF8f] lgdf{0f l;k
tflnd
#) 1150 2150 2175 2200 2250 9925
5
tfdfª nufot
cGonfO{ wg'ifjf0f
;Lk tflnd
@ 100 100 100 100 100 500
8
df5f dfg]{ hfn
a'Gg] l;k
@ 100 100 100 150 150 600 7
:yfgLo ;F3
;F:yfdf /f]huf/
k|fKt Ü
!)Ü !%Ü
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
173
g]jf/L vfhf
agfpg] tflnd
#
k6s
100 100 100 100 100 500 4
ysfnL vfgf
agfpg] tflnd
!$ 100 100 100 100 100 500 9
gf}dlt afhf l;k #)) 150 150 150 150 150 750 10
glthf #=
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/,
ysfnL, du/,
5GTofn, s'dfn,
hnf/L, e'h]n
cfbLsf] efiff,
lnkLsf] ;+/If0f,
cWofkgsf] Aoj:yf
/ af]Ng] cEof;
ljsf; sfo{qmdx?
*)
uf]6f
2800 3800 3800 3800 3800 18000
11
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/,
ysfnL, du/,
5GTofn, s'dfn,
hnf/L, e'h]n
cfbLsf] e]if, e'iff,
;+/If0f sfo{qmd
$)
uf]6f
2500 5450 5500 5460 5550 24460
12
glthf $=
s[lif, kz'kfng /
ko{6gdf Joj;flos
tflnd
!%)
uf]6f
2300 5350 6340 6360 6400 26750 15
n3' pBf]u /
:j/f]huf/ tflnd
#%
k6s
2400 6450 7500 7550 7600 31500 14
:yfgLo ;F3 ;F:yf /
;d'bfonfO{
/f]huf/df kx'Fr al2
!%
k6s
1400 2450 2500 2550 2600 11500 13
hDdf 19430 38700 40965 41226 41600 181921
#$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
ILO 169 ;DaGwL tflnd :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
174
;dGjo ;ldlt
glthf @=
klZdgf, /f8LkfvL, s5f8,
efª\u|f a'gfO{ tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
hl8a'6L pTkfbg, k/Dk/fut
pkrf/ ljwL ljsf; ug]{
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
s'dfn hfltnfO{ k/Dk/fut
df6f]sf] efF8f] lgdf{0f l;k
tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
tfdfª nufot cGonfO{
wg'ifjf0f ;Lk tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
df5f dfg]{ hfn a'Gg] l;k :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
g]jf/L vfhf agfpg] tflnd :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
ysfnL vfgf agfpg] tflnd :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
gf}dlt afhf l;k :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
glthf #=
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/, ysfnL,
du/, 5GTofn, s'dfn,
hnf/L, e'h]n cfbLsf] efiff,
lnkLsf] ;+/If0f, cWofkgsf]
Aoj:yf / af]Ng] cEof;
ljsf; sfo{qmdx?
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/, ysfnL,
du/, 5GTofn, s'dfn,
hnf/L, e'h]n cfbLsf] e]if,
e'iff, njfO{ vjfO{ ;+/If0f
sfo{qmd
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
glthf $ M
s[lif, kz'kfng / ko{6gdf
Joj;flos tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
n3' pBf]u / :j/f]huf/ :yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
175
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo ;F3 ;F:yf /
;d'bfonfO{ /f]huf/df kx'Fr
:yfgLo lgsfo
Pj+ hghflt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
hghflt ;+:yf
#$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ILO 169 ;DaGwL tflnd :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @M
klZdgf, /f8LkfvL, s5f8, efª\u|f
a'gfO{ tflnd
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
hl8a'6L pTkfbg, k/Dk/fut pkrf/
ljwL ljsf; ug]{
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
s'dfn hfltnfO{ k/Dk/fut df6f]sf]
efF8f] lgdf{0f l;k tflnd
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
tfdfª nufot cGonfO{ wg'ifjf0f
;Lk tflnd
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
df5f dfg]{ hfn a'Gg] l;k :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
g]jf/L vfhf agfpg] tflnd :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ysfnL vfgf agfpg] tflnd :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gf}dlt afhf l;k :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #M
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/, ysfnL, du/, :yfgLo hg rf}dfl;s Pj+ cjnf]sg, lh=lj=;= Pj+
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
176
5GTofn, s'dfn, hnf/L, e'h]n
cfbLsf] efiff, lnkLsf] ;+/If0f,
cWofkgsf] Aoj:yf / af]Ng] cEof;
ljsf; sfo{qmdx?
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
tfn's lgsfo
u'?ª, tfdfª, g]jf/, ysfnL, du/,
5GTofn, s'dfn, hnf/L, e'h]n
cfbLsf] e]if, e'iff, njfO{ vjfO{
;+/If0f sfo{qmd
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf $ M
s[lif, kz'kfng / ko{6gdf Joj;flos
tflnd
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
n3' pBf]u / :j/f]huf/ :yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
:yfgLo ;F3 ;F:yf / ;d'bfonfO{
/f]huf/df kx'Fr
:yfgLo hg
hflt ;dGjo
;ldlt
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
177
kl/R5]b @#
blnt
@#=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf t/fO{df @@ / kxf8df $ u/L sl/j @^ k|sf/sf blntx? /x]sf] dflgPsf] 5 . PSsfO;f]+ ztfAbL Pj+
dfgj ;Dotfsf] of] lzv/;Dd cfOk'Ubf klg dfG5] dfG5]aLr 5'jf5't / e]befj sfod} /x]sf] b]lvg' b'Mvb s'/f
xf] . blntsf] >d rNg], l;k rNg], sfd rNg], pgLx?n] afhf gahfP bz}+sf] k'hf ;DkGg gx'g], ;+:sf/ k'/f
gx'g], pgLx?n] kmnfPsf] cGg vfg], pgLx?n] af]s]sf ;fdfg pkof]u ug]{, pgLx?n] agfPsf] ef8fdf vfgf
ksfP/ vfg] t/ Tolx ef8f]df kfs]sf] vfBfGg pgLx?n] g} 5'g gx'g h:tf ;fdflhs d'No Pj+ dfGotfnfO{ ;Eo
/ IfDo dfGg o'Qm;+ut b]lvb}g . o; ;Gbe{df g]kfnsf] xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf hflto e]befj / 5'jf5'tnfO{
b08lgo dfGg] ul/ df}lns xsdf Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} jlu{o, hflto, eflifs, n}+lus, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s /
If]qLo e]befjsf] cGTo ub}{ dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw];L, d':nLd ;d'bfo, plTkl8t ;d'bfo /
lk5l8Psf] If]q Pj+ ju{sf] ;Daf]wg ug{ /fHosf] s]lGb|s[t Pj+ PsfTds 9fFrfsf] cGTo u/L ;dfj]zLtf ;lxtsf]
cu|ufdL k'gM;+/rgf ul/g] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos ;befj Pj+ /fli6\o PstfnfO{ pRr dxTj
lbPsf] ;d]t b]lvG5 . g]kfnn] bf;Tj lj?4sf] dxf;GwL, /+ue]b lj?4sf] dxf;GwL, dfgj clwfsf/sf]
ljZjAoflk 3f]if0ffkq, gful/s tyf /fhg}lts clwsf/ ;DjGwL dxf;GwL, ;j} k|sf/sf hflto e]befj pGd"ng
;DjGwL dxf;GwL, h:tf y'k|} cGt//fli6\o dxf;GwLsf] kIf /fi6\ ag]sf] / ;f] cg'?kdf sfo{of]hgf agfO{ sfo{
u/]sf] ;fy} k|ltj]bg klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
lHfNnfdf n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0f ah]6 cl86 ug]{, oL blnt ju{sf] nflu :yfgLo lgsfox?df
;+oGq Pj+ of]hgf agfpg], ;dtf Pj+ ;dfgtfsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng, blnt Pj+ blnt dlxnfsf] ;zlQms/0f,
;Lk PJ+f ;r]tgf a[l4 ug]{, blnt ju{sf] :yfgLo txsf] ljsf; k|lqmof, ;+oGq, of]hgf tof/L Pj+ cg'udg
;d]tdf kx'Fr, lgoGq0f, cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutf / d'nk|Jfflxs/0f ug]{tkm{ of] of]hgf agfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
@#=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
lHfNnfdf n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0f ah]6 cl86 x'b} cfPsf], oL ju{ Pj+ blnt ;d]tsf] nflu !%
k|ltzt ah]6 :yfgLo lgsfox?n] 5'6\6fpb} ;f] adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng x'b} cfPsf] 5 . blnt cGo
lk5l8Psf ju{ / ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu lhNnftxdf pk]lIft pTkLl8t blnt ju{ lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g
/ lqmoflzn u/fpg] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . blnt PJ+f cGo lk5l8Psf ju{ / ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu ljleGg
sfo{qmdx? g]kfn ;/sf/ Pj+ :yflgo lgsfodf nlIft sfo{qmd Pj+ cfof]hgf th'{df x'g] u/]sf] / pQm
sfo{qmdx? blnt ;d'bfosf ;+:yf Pj+ pgLx?sf] ;lqmotfdf sfofGjog ug]{ ul/Psf] klg 5 . blntx?sf]
;+:s[tL, k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk Pj+ k]zfsf] ;+/If0fsf sfo{qmd ;d]t x'b} cfPsf] 5 . blnt cGo lk5l8Psf ju{
/ ;d'bfosf] lxtsf] nflu ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo ;d]t lqmoflzn / cGt/;dGjo sfod
ug]{ sfo{ klg x'b} cfPsf]5 .
ljutb]lvsf] 5'jf5't, kfgL Pj+ vfgf grNg] h:tf e]befj, clzIff, /fHosf ;]jf, ;'ljwf, ;+oGq, lgsfo, lg0f{o,
of]hgf tof/ ug]{ cflb :yfgdf k5fl8 k/]sf jf kfl/Psf], ul/jL, ljBdfg ;+ls0f{ ;fdflhs d"No dfGotf,
>f]tsf] c;dfg ljt/0f cflb sdhf]/L oBlk sfod} /x]sf] dxz'if ;DjGwLt blnt ju{af6} x'g k'u]sf] l:ylt 5 .
blnt ju{sf] o; l:yltsf] ;Djf]wg ub}{ cufl9 a9\g' kg]{ tTk/tf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfx?, lghLIf]q, u}/;/sf/L If]q,
/fhg}lts If]q, :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ ;d'bfo:t/df ;d]t a9\b} uPsf] ;s/fTds cj:yf a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf] klg
5 .
@#=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
blnt ;d'x / ltgsf] ;+:yfut ;+hfn a9]sf]
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt cg'?k
cj;/
blntsf] g]t[Tj ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf;sf k|;:t
cj;/ a9]sf]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
178
blntsf] ;xeflutf a9]sf]
blnt nlIft sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
Aoj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Pj+ rfn'sf]if shf{
k|jfx dfkm{t blntsf] cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf
:yfgLo txdf ;xef]h sfo{qmd x'g] u/]sf]
blnt ;d'xdf u|fld0fIf]qdf 7'nf] dfqfdf art
kl/rfng ePsf]
blnt ju{sf] lxt lglDt ;j}sf] rf;f] a9]sf]
sdhf]/ kIfM
blntg ju{df nIo cg';f/sf] sfo{qmd k'Ug
g;Sg'
blnt pTyfgsf sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf sfod}
/xg'
blntsf] pTyfgdf >f]t;fwgsf] sld
r'gf}lt
blnt ju{sf] cfjZostfg';f/ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug]{
blntsf] k/fDk/fut k]zf h:t}M 5fnfsf] h'Qf
agfpg], sk8f l;nfpg], jfhf, cf/g ;+rfngdf
;xof]u gk'u]sf]
blntsf] ;fIf/tf / cf}ift cfo' a9fpg]
aflb ;d'bfosf] ;d:of xn ug]{
@#=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
blnt ;d'bfosf] ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf kx'Fr Pj+ ;xeflutfsf] a[l4 u/L cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, wfld{s, z}lIfs
tyf /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yfdf pNn]Vo ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 .
@#=% p4]Zo
;fdflhs lje]bsf] cGTo u/L ;j} If]qdf blnt ;d'bfosf] kx'Fr Pj+ ;xeflutfsf] a[l4 u/L pgLx?sf]
hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ ug]{ .
@#=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= blnt ju{
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo
M;fdflhs
lje]bsf] cGTo
u/L ;j} If]qdf
blnt ;d'bfosf]
kx'Fr Pj+
;xeflutfsf]
a[l4 u/L
pgLx?sf]
hLjg:t/df
;'wf/ ug]{ .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
blntsf] ;fIf/tf
k|ltzt
$% &%
blntsf] ul/jLsf]
:t/
() %)
blntsf] cf}ift
cfo"
^) &)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo
ldltsf] k|ltj]bgg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf M !
blnt ;d'bfosf]
cfocfh{gdf
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
blntsf] ul/jLsf] ^) #)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo
ldltsf] k|ltj]bgg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
179
a[l4 ePsf]
x'g]5 .
cg'kft
n3'pBddf ;+NfUg
blnt k|ltzt
% @%
/f]huf/d'ns
tflnd lnPsf
blntsf] ;+Vof
!)) @))
/f]huf/Ldf ;+NfUg
blnt k|ltzt
!% $)
:j/f]huf/df ;+nUg
blntsf] k|ltzt
$ !)
ePdf
glthf @
blntx?df
5'jf5't tyf
lje]bsf
36gfdf
Go"lgs/0f
cfPsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
5'jf5'tsf ph'/L
;+Vof
!@% %)
;xef]h sfo{qmd
;+Vof
) %)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo
ldltsf] k|ltj]bgg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf #
blntx?sf]
:jf:Yo, ;r]tgf
Pj+
;zlQms/0fdf
a[l4 ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
dfgj clwsf/
;DjGwL tfnLd
k|fKt blnt ;+Vof
@%) %))
g]t[Tj ljsf; Pj+
blnt dlxnf
k|hgg :jf:Yo
tflnd k|fKt blnt
;+Vof
!)) #))
;s/fTds zf]r
tflnd k|fKt blnt
;+Vof
&) @))
:jf:Yo ;]jfdf
blntsf] kx'Fr -
k|ltzt_
%) *)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo
ldltsf] k|ltj]bgg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf $
blntx?sf]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo –lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn ;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
180
;+:yfut ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 . blntx?sf] ;d'x
;+Vof
^) !%)
blnt ;Ghfn
;+Vof
!% #$
blnt ;+rflnt
;xsf/L ;+Vof
!) !%
blntx?sf] jrt
kl/rfng ;d'x
@@ #)
–blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo
ldltsf] k|ltj]bgg
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
@#=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
blnt pk/ x'g] ;j} k|sf/sf 5'jf5't Pj+ lje]bsf 36\gfk|lt z'Go ;xglzntfsf] gLlt lnO{g]5 .
blnt blnt leqsf] lje]b Pj+ 5'jf5'tnfO{ lg/fs/0f ul/g]5 .
blnt ju{sf] lzIff, :jf:Yo, /fhgLlt, ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf ljz]if ?Kfdf ;s/fTds lje]b Pj+
k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
blnt ju{sf] :j/f]huf/L ;[hgfdf ljz]if Wofg lbOg] 5 .
blnt ju{sf] pTyfgdf ;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L, u};;, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;d]tsf]
;xsfo{, ;fe]mbf/L / ;xsfo{sf] k|of;nfO{ a9fjf lbOg]5 .
;/sf/L Pj+ ;+:yfut /f]huf/Lsf cjz/df blntnfO{ ljz]if k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
@#=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L
sIff -;xfos, clws[t
Pj+ k|fljlwstkm{_ hgf
!)) 500 1500 1500 1500 2500 7500
5
blnt 5fqa[lq a[l4 &)) 2500 4000 4400 4700 4900 20500 3
blnt j:tLdf ;fIf/tf
sfo{qmd
!% 1500 3500 4000 4500 5000 18500 4
s[lif Pj+ kz' ;DjGwL
tflnd / ;fdfu|L tyf
kz'j:t' ljt/0f
^% 2500 23000 6000 4500 4000 40000 1
;Lkd'ns tfnLd /
pks/0f ljt/0f
&) 1500 3500 4200 4500 4600 18300 2
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
181
glthf @=
blnt tyf u}/ blnt
jLr ;xef]h sfo{qmd
@% 500 1500 1500 1500 1500 6500 6
5'jf5't Pj+ lje]b
lj?4 tflnd Pj+
cleofg
@) 400 500 500 500 500 2400 7
5'jf5't pk/ ph'/L
;+:s[lt ljsf; Pj+
sf/jflx cleofg
$ 500 400 400 400 400 2100 8
glthf #=
dfgj clwsf/ tflnd %% 600 1500 1500 1500 1500 6600 10
g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf
k|hgg / ;s/fTds
zf]r tflnd
*) 300 1200 1200 1200 1200 5100 9
blntsf nflu :jf:Yo
pkrf/df cg'bfg
@% 500 2500 2500 2500 2500 10500 11
glthf $=
blnt ;d'x Pj+
;Ghfn u7g tyf
k'g/u7g
!@) 400 500 550 580 600 2630 15
blnt ;xsf/L u7g /
ljsf;
@) 400 500 500 500 500 2400 13
g]t[Tj tyf Ifdtf
ljsf; tflnd -hgf_
!)) 500 600 700 800 950 3550 14
blntx?nfO{ u};;,
lghL, a}+s Pj+
;xsf/Ldf /f]huf/Ldf
cf/If0f / kl/Iff
tof/L sIff ;+rfng -
hgf_
!@) 500 2500 2600 2800 2900 11300
12
hDdf M 13100 47200 32050 31980 33550 157880
@#=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L sIff -
;xfos, clws[t Pj+
k|fljlwstkm{_
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
cf/If0fsf] Aoj:yf a9fpg] :yfgLo blnt :yfgLo lgsfosf /fhg}lts bn, u};;, blnt
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
182
;dGjo ;ldlt ;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
;+:yfx?, bftf
blnt 5fqa[lq a[l4 :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
blnt j:tLdf ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
s[lif Pj+ kz' ;DjGwL tflnd /
;fdfu|L tyf kz'j:t' ljt/0f
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
;Lkd'ns tfnLd / pks/0f
ljt/0f
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
glthf @=
;xef]h sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
5'jf5't Pj+ lje]b lj?4 tflnd
Pj+ cleofg
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
5'jf5't pk/ ph'/L ;+:s[lt
ljsf; Pj+ sf/jflx
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
glthf #=
dfgj clwsf/ tflnd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf k|hgg tflnd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
:jf:Yo ;DjGwL sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
glthf $=
blnt ;d'x Pj+ ;Ghfn u7g
tyf k'g/u7g
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
a}7s lgoldt ;+rfng :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
blnt ;xsf/L u7g / ljsf; :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
183
blntx?nfO{ u};;, lghL, a}+s
Pj+ ;xsf/Ldf /f]huf/Ldf
cf/If0f / kl/Iff tof/L sIff
;+rfng
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, blnt
;+:yfx?, bftf
@#=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L sIff -;xfos,
clws[t Pj+ k|fljlwstkm{_
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cf/If0fsf] Aoj:yf a9fpg] :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
blnt 5fqa[lq a[l4 :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
blnt j:tLdf ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
s[lif Pj+ kz' ;DjGwL tflnd /
;fdfu|L tyf kz'j:t' ljt/0f
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;Lkd'ns tfnLd / pks/0f ljt/0f :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf @=
;xef]h sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
5'jf5't Pj+ lje]b lj?4 tflnd Pj+
cleofg
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
5'jf5't pk/ ph'/L ;+:s[lt ljsf;
Pj+ sf/jflx
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
184
glthf #=
dfgj clwsf/ tflnd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf k|hgg / ;s/fTds
zf]r tflnd
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
blnt :jf:Yo kx'Fr sfo{qmd :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf $=
blnt ;d'x Pj+ ;Ghfn u7g tyf
k'g/u7g
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
a}7s lgoldt ;+rfng :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
blnt ;xsf/L u7g / ljsf; :yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
blntx?nfO{ u};;, lghL, a}+s Pj+
;xsf/Ldf /f]huf/Ldf cf/If0f /
kl/Iff tof/L sIff ;+rfng
:yfgLo blnt
;dGjo
;ldlt /
lhlj;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
185
kl/R5]b @$
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm
@$=! e'ldsf
ckf+utf x'g' k"j{ hGdsf] kfk xf]Og, / ;f] cfwf/df e]befj jf x]+nf ug'{ dfgjtf lj?4sf] sfo{ xf], eGg] dfGotf
Pj+ l;4fGtnfO{ g]kfnsf] kl/j]zdf klg c+lusf/ / :jLsf/ ug]{ k|rng a9]/ uPsf] 5 . ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] xs clwsf/ k|jw{g ty pkef]udf ;xhtf Nofpg ckf+u ;+/If0f / sNof0f P]g, lgodfjnL, /fli6\o
gLlt / sfo{of]hgf ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/n] tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 .
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] clwsf/ ;DjGwL dxf;GwL / o;sf] OR5flwg cfn]v @))^ nufot cGt//fli6\o
k|ltj4tfx?nfO{ Aojxf/df ptfg{sf nflu ;d'bfodf cfwf/Lt k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd, ljz]if lzIff, ;dflxt lzIff,
lgz'Ns ;xfos ;fdfu|L, ckf+utf ;DjGwL ;r]tgfd"ns >Ao b[io ;fdfu|L, ;dfj]lzs/0f, ckf+utf ePsf]
AolQmx?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; cg'bfg, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ljt/0f nufot ljleGg nlIft sfo{qmdx? g]kfne/
;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g .
o; lHfNnfdf ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] ;Ddfg, klxrfg, lxt Pj+ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / k|aw{g ug{, ;d'bfod}
k'g:yfkgf, ljz]if lzIff, ;fxfos ;fdflu|sf] lgjf{w pknAwtf, ckf+ud}qL ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ljsf; cflb
ljifodf s]lGb|t / hf]8 lb+b} of] cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf tof/ ug]{ k|of; ePsf] 5 .
@$=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lHfNnfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt adf]lhd 3/ hUuf /lhi6\]zgdf 5'6, ;xfos ;fdfu|Lx? ;x'lnotdf
ljt/0f, aflif{s ?kdf lhlj;, uflj; Pj+ gu/kflnsfdf ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] nflu gLlt, of]hgf tyf
sfo{qmd th'{df / sfof{Gjog x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
;fy} sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] ;+nUgtfdf pgLx?sf] ;+:yfx? dfkm{t sfof{Gjog ug{
ljz]if k|fyldstf lb+b} cfOPsf] klg 5 . To:t} ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf :yfgLo :t/d} / k"0f{ ckf+utf ePsf
AolQms} 3/;Dd k'/\ofpg] sfo{nfO{ klg k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 . ;jf/L ;fwgdf %) k|ltzt 5'6, pkrf/df
;xof]u, ;]jfk|jfxdf k|fyldstf, /f]huf/Ldf sf]6f 5'6\6fpg] cEof;, ljz]if lzIff Pj+ cWofkgsf] Aoj:yf cflb
sfo{ lHfNnf Pj+ :yfgLo :t/df x'b} cfPsf] 5g\ .
@$=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf]
;+:yfut ;+hfn a9]sf]
Plss[t ?kdf ckf+utf ePsfsf]
lxt Pj+ ljsf; sfo{qmd
;+rfng ePsf]
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt
cg'?ksf] ckf+utf ePsfx?sf]
;xeflutf a9]sf]
ckf+u nlIft sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ePsf]
ckf+ux?nfO{ Aoj;flos ;Lk
ljsf; / cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf
cj;/
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] g]t[Tj
ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf;sf k|;:t cj;/
a9]sf]
ckf+utf ePsf x?n] klg ljsf;df
;xeflu x'g kfpg]
ckf+utf ePsfsf] lxt lglDt ;j}sf]
rf;f] a9]sf]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
186
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf
;d'bfo:t/df ckf+utf ePsfsf]
;d'x, ;ldlt h:tf ;+:yfx?sf]
;+:yfut ljsf; ePs
sdhf]/ kIfM
ckf+utf ePsf ju{df nIo
cg';f/sf] sfo{qmd k'Ug g;Sg'
ckf+utf ePsfsf] ;d'lrt lxt
k|jw{g ug{ >f]t;fwgsf] sld
cfod'ns sfo{qmd / :j/f]huf/L
gkfpg'
r'gf}lt
ckf+utf ePsf ju{sf] cfjZostfg';f/
ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
;j} ckf+utf ePsfn] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff
eQf kfpg]
e]befj sd x'g]
;j} ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? ckf+utfd}qL x'g]
;dflxt lzIff ;j} ckfutf ePsfn]
kfpg]
l;k ljsf;, :j/f]huf/Lsf cj;/
ckf+utf ePsfn] kfpg]
@$=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
;[hglzn, :jfanlDe / dof{lbt hLjg ofkg ul//x]sf] ;d[4 sf:sL lhNnfsf ckf+utf ePsf] AolQmx? .
@$=% p4]Zo
o; cfjlws of]hgfsf] cGTo;DDfdf sf:sL lhNnfsf ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] ljBdfg ;fdflhs Pj+ cfly{s
:t/df ck]lIft Pj+ pNNf]vlgo ;'wf/ ug]{ .
@$=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!=ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M o;
cfjlws
of]hgfsf]
cGTo;DDfdf
sf:sL lhNnfsf
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf]
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmsf] ul/jLsf]
cg'kft
() %)
n3'pBddf ;+NfUg
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm k|ltzt
% @%
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lHfNnf
:f+hfnsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
187
ljBdfg
;fdflhs Pj+
cfly{s :t/df
ck]lIft Pj+
pNNf]vlgo
;'wf/ ug]{ .
glthf M !
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm ;d'bfosf]
cfocfh{gdf
a[l4 ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
/f]huf/Ldf ;+NfUg
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm k|ltzt
% !)
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmsf] ul/jLsf]
cg'kft
() %)
n3'pBddf ;+NfUg
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm k|ltzt
% @%
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lHfNnf
:f+hfnsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf]
;Ddfg,
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
lzIff / ;xfos
;fdfu|L
pknAwtfsf]
:t/df a[l4
cfPsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ckf+utf kl/ro
kq ljt/0f
ckf+utf ePsf
afnaflnsf Pj+
a[4x?sf]
cf>o:yn ;+Vof
) !
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
eQf kfpg] ;+Vof
()) !%)
)
;xfos
;fdfu|Lx?sf]
ljt/0f ;+Vof
%)) ())
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lHfNnf
:f+hfnsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf #
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf]
:jf:Yo, ;r]tgf
Pj+ ;zlQms/0f
/ v]ns'b
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ckf+utf PJ+f dfgj
clwsf/ ;DjGwL
tfnLd k|fKt
@%) ())
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lHfNnf
:f+hfnsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
188
;+rfngdf a[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm ;+Vof
g]t[Tj ljsf; Pj+
ckf+utf ePsf
dlxnfsf] k|hgg
:jf:Yo tflnd
k|fKt ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm ;+Vof
!)) %))
ckf+utf ePsfjLr
v]ns'b ;+rfng
! !)
:jf:Yo ;]jfdf
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmsf] kx'Fr a[l4
Pj+ :jf:Yo ljdf
-k|ltzt_
# $)
glthf $
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf]
;+:yfut ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] ;d'x
;+Vof
^) !%)
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm ;Ghfn
;+Vof
!% #$
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lHfNnf
:f+hfnsf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
@$=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] ;d'x lgdf{0f, lj:tf/ Pj+ ;~hfn lgdf{0f u/L clwstd ?kdf kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm Pj+ :f+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm Pj+ ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutf k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
hgjsfnt, k}/jL PJ+f ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ltj|tf lbOg]5 .
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt cjnDjg u/L ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?sf] d'nk|jflxs/0f ul/g]5 .
pgLx?sf] kx'Fr a[l4 Pj+ cg's'ngsf sfo{qmdsf] lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
o; If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx?aLr ;dGjo, ;xlhs/0f / ;xsfo{sf] cjwf/0ffsf]
cjnDjGf ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
189
@$=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx? kl/df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L
sIff -;xfos, clws[t
Pj+ k|fljlwstkm{_ k6s
15 400 1200 1200 1200 1200 5200 7
cf/If0fsf] Aoj:yf
a9fpg] cleofg -k6s_ 3 200 300 300 300 300 1400 9
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm
5fqa[lq a[l4 $)) 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 8000 8
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmnfO{ ljz]if a|]n
lnlk Pj+ ;fIf/tf
sfo{qmd
% 500 900 900 900 900 4100 10
;Lkd'ns tfnLd /
pks/0f ljt/0f #&) 1700 2500 2500 2500 2500 11700 11
glthf @=
kl/ro kq ljt/0f &)) 200 200 200 200 200 1000 12
;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf !%%) 4000 8000 9000 9000 9000 39000 13
ckf+utf ePsf a[4 Pj+
afnaflnsfsf] nflu
cf>o:yn
! 500 2500 2500 2500 2500 10500 14
;xfos ;fdfu|L ljt/0f &%) 700 1800 1800 1800 1800 7900 15
glthf #=
ckf+utf PJ+f dfgj
clwsf/ tflnd !% 500 700 700 700 700 3300 5
ckf+u g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf
k|hgg / ;s/fTds
zf]r tflnd
@) 500 900 900 900 900 4100 6
:jf:Yo ;DjGwL PJ+f
:jf:Yo ljdf sfo{qmd % 1700 2500 2500 2500 2500 11700 4
glthf $=
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm
;d'x Pj+ ;Ghfn u7g
tyf k'g/u7g
@# 500 700 700 700 700 3300 1
a}7s lgoldt ;+rfng #% 200 200 200 200 200 1000 3
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
190
ckf+utf ePsf
AolQmx?nfO{ u};;,
lghL, a}+s Pj+
;xsf/Ldf /f]huf/Ldf
cf/If0f / kl/Iff tof/L
sIff ;+rfng
% 4000 8000 9000 1100 1200 23300 2
hDdf 17200 32000 34000 26100 26200 135500
@$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L sIff -
;xfos, clws[t Pj+
k|fljlwstkm{_
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
cf/If0fsf] Aoj:yf a9fpg] :yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 5fqa[lq
a[l4
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmnfO{ a|]n
lnkL Pj+ ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
;Lkd'ns tfnLd / pks/0f
ljt/0f
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
glthf @=
kl/ro kq ljt/0f :yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf :yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
ckf+utf ePsf a[4 Pj+
afnaflnsfsf] nflu cf>o:yn
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
;xfos ;fdfu|L ljt/0f :yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
glthf #=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
191
ckf+utf Pj+ dfgj clwsf/
tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
ckf+u g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf k|hgg
tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
:jf:Yo ;DjGwL PJ+f :jf:Yo ljdf
sfo{qmd
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
glthf $=
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm ;d'x Pj+
;Ghfn u7g tyf k'g/u7g
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
a}7s lgoldt ;+rfng :yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?nfO{
u};;, lghL, a}+s Pj+ ;xsf/Ldf
/f]huf/Ldf cf/If0f / kl/Iff
tof/L sIff ;+rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
:yfgLo lgsfosf
;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf
/fhg}lts bn,
nf]s;]jf
cfof]u, u};;
u};;, ckf+utf
ePsf AolQm
;+:yfx?, bftf
@$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L sIff -;xfos,
clws[t Pj+ k|fljlwstkm{_
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cf/If0fsf] Aoj:yf a9fpg] :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 5fqa[lq a[l4 :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmnfO{ a|]n lnlk
Pj+ ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;Lkd'ns tfnLd / pks/0f ljt/0f :yfgLo
lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
192
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
cWoog,
glthf @=
kl/ro kq ljt/0f :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+utf ePsf a[4 Pj+
afnaflnsfsf] nflu cf>o:yn
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
;xfos ;fdfu|L ljt/0f :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf
#=
ckf+utf Pj+ dfgj clwsf/ tflnd :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+u g]t[Tj Pj+ dlxnf k|hgg /
;s/fTds zf]r tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm :jf:Yo kx'Fr
sfo{qmd
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf $=
ckf+utf ePsf AolQm ;d'x Pj+
;Ghfn u7g tyf k'g/u7g
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
a}7s lgoldt ;+rfng :yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?nfO{ u};;,
lghL, a}+s Pj+ ;xsf/Ldf /f]huf/Ldf
cf/If0f / kl/Iff tof/L sIff ;+rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
ckf+utf
;DjGwL ;+:yf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
194
kl/R5]b @%
>lds, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f] ln+uL / d'l:nd nufot lk5l8Psf ju{
@%=! e'ldsf
>lds ju{, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kIf, t];|f] ln+lu / d':nLd nufotsf lk5l8Psf ju{sf] pTyfg, ljsf; / lxtsf
vflt/ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf /fHosf] lgb]{zs l;4fGt / gLltdf ljz]if Aoj:yf ul/sf] 5 . h;nfO{ /fHosf]
Ifdtf cg';f/ sfg'g agfO{ sfof{jGog ub}{ hfg] elgPsf] 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df >d sfg'g @)$* NofPsf] 5 .
cfGbf]ng ;Da4 ;lxb, j]kQf, 3fOt] Pj+ lj:yflktx?sf] /fxt / ;Ddfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGGf ;dodf
sNof0fsf/L of]hgf, lgb]{lzsf ;d]t NofO{ sfofGjog ul/ /x]sf] / h;sf] g]t[Tj zflGt tyf k'gM lgdf{0f
dGqfno ljz]if ?kdf sfo{/t /xsf] xf] . t];|f] ln+uLnfO{ klg /fHon] ;Ddfg ug]{ gLlt NofPsf], d'l:nd Pj+
lk58fju{sf] lxtsf] nflu cfof]u Pj+ ;ldltx? /x]sf 5g\ .
@%=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf klg >lds xs lxtsf] nflu ;DjGwLt sfof{no /x]sf], lghL If]qdf >lds ;+3 ;+:yfx? /x]sf,
;'s'Djfl; ;dfwfgsf] nflu lHfNnf:t/df ;do ;dodf ;ldlt Pj+ cfof]ux? u7g / lqmoflzn /xb} cfPsf]
kfOG5 . d'l:nd ju{sf] nflu d'l:nd ju{sf] Ifdtf, l;k PJ+f ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf] nflu s]Gb|af6 cfpg] cg'bfg
Pj+ lhNnfsf] >f]taf6 klg s]lx sfo{x? x'b} cfPsf] kfOG5 . To;} u/L :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt dfkm{t /fhg}lts
bnx? ;lxtsf] ;xeflutfdf ;lxbx?sf] ;Ddfg, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 a]kQf, 3fOt] Pj+ lj:yflktx?sf] nflu /fxt
ljt/0f, ;Ddfg Pj+ lxtsf nflu k}/jL ug]{ Pj+ ;dGjo ug]{ sfo{ eO{ cfPsf] 5g\ . ;fy} u}/ ;/sf/L txaf6
t];|f] ln+lux?sf] nflu guGo ?kdf Pj+ slxn] sflx s]lx sfo{ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .
t/ o; lhNnfdf >lds, xln, ;'s'Djfl;x?sf] lxt Pj+ t];|f] ln+uLsf] ;Ddfg / lxtsf nflu of]hgfa4 x'g] sfd
sf/jflx ePsf] 5}gg ls eGg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] cg'ej ;DjGwLt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ul//x]sf] kfOG5 . /
d'l:nd, dw]lz Pj+ cGo lk58fju{sf] nflu vf; sfo{qmd Pj+ k|of;sf] sld g} b]lvG5 . t;y{, o; of]hgfdf
oL ju{sf] nflu ljz]if of]hgf, sfo{qmd, ;"rs ;lxtsf] Aoj:yf ul/g nfluPsf] 5 .
%=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4
kl/jf/sf] ;+:yfut ;+hfn a9]sf]
Plss[t ?kdf t];|f] ln+uL,
d':nLd, cNk+Vos, ;lxb PJ+f
cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/ ljsf;
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
ljsf; / /fHosf] cg'bfgdf
;fdflhs ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] gLlt
cg'?k t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd,
cNk+Vos, ;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng
;Dj4 kl/jf/sf] ;xeflutf a9]sf]
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/
cj;/
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos, ;lxb PJ+f
cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/sf] g]t[Tj ljsf;,
Ifdtf ljsf;sf k|;:t cj;/ a9]sf]
ljsf;df t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/
;xeflu x'g kfpg]
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos, ;lxb
PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/ h:tfM
nlIft ju{sf] lxt lglDt ;j}sf] rf;f]
a9]sf]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
195
nlIft sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf]
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/
nfO{ Aoj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Pj+
rfn'sf]if shf{ k|jfx dfkm{t
dlxnfsf] cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf
sdhf]/ kIfM
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4
kl/jf/df nIo cg';f/sf]
sfo{qmd k'Ug g;Sg'
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos,
;lxb PJ+f cfGbf]ng ;Dj4
kl/jf/sf] lxt lGfDtL >f]t;fwgsf]
sld
r'gf}lt
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos, ;lxb PJ+f
cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/sf]
cfjZostfg';f/ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug]{
t];|f] ln+uL, d':nLd, cNk+Vos, ;lxb PJ+f
cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 kl/jf/sf] l;k ljsf;,
cfly{s pkfh{gdf ;l/s u/fpg] /
Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ .
@%=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
dhb'/, ;'s'Djfl;, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f] ln+lu / d'l:nd nufotsf lk5l8Psf ju{sf] Ifdtf ljsf; /
cfly{s ;'/IffTds sfo{x? eO{ pNn]Vo ?kdf pTyfg ePsf] x'g]5 .
@%=% p4]Zo
dhb'/, ;'s'Djfl;, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f] ln+lu / d'l:nd nufotsf lk5l8Psf ju{sf] cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs
klxrfg a[l4 ug]{ .
@%=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M dhb'/,
;'s'Djfl;,
cfGbf]ng ;Dj4
ju{, t];|f] ln+lu
/ d'l:nd
nufotsf
lk5l8Psf
ju{sf] cfly{s
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
l;kd'ns tflnd
k|fKt d'l:nd -
k|ltzt_
% #)
l;k tflnd k|fKt
>lds, dhb'/ /
;'s'Djfl; k|ltzt
# %)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lhNnf zflGt ;ldltsf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
196
Pj+ ;fdflhs
klxrfg a[l4
ug]{ .
l;k tflnd /
/fxt k|fKt
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, lj:yflkt,
3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/
k|ltzt
*) !))
t];|f] ln+uLsf] r]tgf
Pj+ l;k tflnd
) !)
glthf !M
d'l:nd Pj+
dw]lz ju{sf]
;+f:s[lts,
;+:yfut,
cfly{s /
;fdflhs
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
sj|:yfgsf]
;'b[l9s/0f
@ $
dl:hb lgdf{0f Pj+
dd{t
@ $
d'l:ndx?sf] lHfNnf
;Ghfn
) !
l;kd'ns tflnd
k|fKt d'l:nd -
k|ltzt_
% #)
db/zfsf] :yfkgf
/ ;+rfng
@ #
r]tgf Pj+
clwsf/d'lv tflnd
k|fKt -k|ltzt_
@% ^)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lhNnf zflGt ;ldltsf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @M
>lds,
;'s'Djfl; Pj+
dhb'/ ju{sf]
;+:yfut,
cfly{s /
;fdflhs
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
>lds Pj+
dhb'/sf ;femf
;Ghfn lgdf{0f
) !
;'s'Djfl;x?sf]
;femf ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f
! !
>lds, dhb'/ /
;'s'Djfl; pTyfg
sf]if
) !
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–u};;, >d sfof{nosf]
aflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
197
l;k tflnd k|fKt
>lds, dhb'/ /
;'s'Djfl; k|ltzt
# %)
glthf #M
cfGbf]ngsf
;lxb, j]kQf,
3fOt], lj:yflkt
Pj+ ;Dj4
kl/jf/ ;+:yfut
/ cfly{s lxt
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
;lxb Pj+ kl/jf/sf]
;Ddfg sfo{qmd
! %
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, 3fOt] PJ+f
kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
! !
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, lj:yflkt,
3fOt] PJ+f
kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
! !
l;k tflnd /
/fxt k|fKt
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, lj:yflkt,
3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/
k|ltzt
*) !))
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–lhNnf zflGt ;ldltsf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf $M t];|f]
ln+uL ju{sf]
;+:yfut,
cfly{s /
;fdflhs
pTyfg ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
t];|f] ln+uLsf]
lhNnf:t/df ;+hfn
) !
t];|f] ln+uLsf] r]tgf
Pj+ l;k tflnd
) !)
gful/stf k|fKt
t];|f] ln+uLsf]
k|ltzt
)=! *)
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
–Uf};; dxf;+3sf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
@%=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;lxb, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 j]kQf, 3fOt] Pj+ lj:yflktx?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf;, l;k d'ns
tflnd / /fxtsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
t];|f] ln+uLsf] ;Ddfg, klxrfg, Ifdtf ljsf; / pTyfg ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
d';ndfg, dw]lz nufotsf lk5l8Psf cNk;+Vossf] ;f+:s[lts, z}lIfs, l;k Pj+ Ifdtf ljsf; ug{
hf]8 lbOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
198
dhb'/, ;'s'Djfl;, >lds cflb ju{sf] Ifdtf ljsf;, ;+:yfut lxt / cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf;df hf]8
lbOg]5 .
@%=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
sj|:yfgsf] ;'b[l9s/0f $ 400 400 400 400 400 2000 7
dl:hb lgdf{0f Pj+ dd{t $ 500 500 500 500 500 2500 6
d'l:ndx?sf] lHfNnf
;Ghfn / lqmoflzntf ! 50 50 50 50 50 250 8
l;kd'ns tyf
cfod'ns tflnd #) 700 1400 1500 1500 1600 6700 1
db/zfsf] :yfkgf /
;+rfng # 500 700 700 300 800 3000 9
r]tgf Pj+ clwsf/d'lv
tflnd k|fKt -k|ltzt_ ^) 600 650 670 700 800 3420 12
glthf @=
>lds Pj+ dhb'/sf
;femf ;Ghfn lgdf{0f ! 50 50 50 50 50 250 11
;'s'Djfl;x?sf] ;femf
;Ghfn lgdf{0f ! 700 1500 1500 1500 1500 6700 13
>lds, dhb'/ /
;'s'Djfl; pTyfg sf]if ! 400 400 400 400 400 2000 5
>lds, dhb'/ /
;'s'Djfl;nfO{ l;k
tflnd
%) 700 1500 1500 1500 1500 6700 14
glthf #=
;lxb Pj+ kl/jf/sf]
;Ddfg sfo{qmd % 50 50 50 50 50 250 3
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, 3fOt] PJ+f
kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
! 150 150 150 150 150 750 15
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, lj:yflkt, 3fOt]
PJ+f kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
ljsf;
! 50 50 50 50 50 250 16
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
199
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb,
j]kQf, lj:yflkt, 3fOt]
PJ+f kl/jf/ l;k tflnd
/ /fxt k|bfg
!)) 400 500 500 550 400 2350 17
glthf $
t];|f] ln+uLsf]
lhNnf:t/df ;+hfn
lgdf{0f / kl/rfng
! 50 50 50 50 50 250 19
t];|f] ln+uLsf] r]tgf Pj+
l;k tflnd !) 400 400 400 400 400 2000 4
t];|f] ln+uLsf] klxrfg
Pj+ ln+usf] cfwf/df
gful/stf k|flKt
cleofg
150 150 150 150 150 750 18
hDdf 5850 8500 8620 8300 8850 40120
@%=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
sj|:yfgsf] ;'b[l9s/0f
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
dl:hb lgdf{0f Pj+ dd{t
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
d'l:ndx?sf] lHfNnf ;Ghfn
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
l;kd'ns tflnd k|fKt d'l:nd -
k|ltzt_
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
db/zfsf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
r]tgf Pj+ clwsf/d'lv tflnd
k|fKt -k|ltzt_
d'l:nd lhNnf
;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
glthf @=
>lds Pj+ dhb'/sf ;femf
;Ghfn lgdf{0f
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
;'s'Djfl;x?sf] ;femf ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
200
>lds, dhb'/ / ;'s'Djfl;
pTyfg sf]if
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
>lds, dhb'/ / ;'s'Djfl;nfO{
l;k tflnd
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
glthf #M
;lxb Pj+ kl/jf/sf] ;Ddfg
sfo{qmd
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf, 3fOt]
PJ+f kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf,
lj:yflkt, 3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/sf]
;Ghfn ljsf;
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf,
lj:yflkt, 3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/
l;k tflnd / /fxt k|bfg
;Dj4 ju{sf]
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltx?
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
glthf $=
t];|f] ln+uLsf] lhNnf:t/df ;+hfn
lgdf{0f / kl/rfng
t];|f] ln+uL
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
t];|f] ln+uLsf] r]tgf Pj+ l;k
tflnd
t];|f] ln+uL
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
t];|f] ln+uLsf] klxrfg Pj+ ln+usf]
cfwf/df gful/stf k|flKt
cleofg
t];|f] ln+uL
lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldlt
:yfgLo lgsfo /fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;/sf/
@%=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
sj|:yfgsf] ;'b[l9s/0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
dl:hb lgdf{0f Pj+ dd{t
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
201
d'l:ndx?sf] lHfNnf ;Ghfn
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
l;kd'ns tflnd k|fKt d'l:nd -
k|ltzt_
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
db/zfsf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @M
>lds Pj+ dhb'/sf ;femf ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;'s'Djfl;x?sf] ;femf ;Ghfn lgdf{0f
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
>lds, dhb'/ / ;'s'Djfl; pTyfg
sf]if
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
>lds, dhb'/ / ;'s'Djfl;nfO{ l;k
tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #M
;lxb Pj+ kl/jf/sf] ;Ddfg sfo{qmd
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf, 3fOt] PJ+f
kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf, lj:yflkt,
3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/sf] ;Ghfn ljsf;
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, j]kQf, lj:yflkt,
3fOt] PJ+f kl/jf/ l;k tflnd / /fxt
k|bfg
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glhtf $M
t];|f] ln+uLsf] lhNnf:t/df ;+hfn
lgdf{0f / kl/rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
t];|f] ln+uLsf] r]tgf Pj+ l;k tflnd
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
t];|f] ln+uLsf] klxrfg Pj+ ln+usf]
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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;fd'bflos jg
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glthf @=
jg sfo{of]hgf
gljs/0f 200 600 660 726 799 878 3663 7
jgsf] j}1flgs
Joj:yfkg sfof{of]hgf
lgdf{0f
6 1500 1650 1815 1997 2196 9158 6
l;df8=sg / ;j}{If0f
u/L ?vx? Gffkg
% 120 1520 2520 2520 2520 9200 8
j[Iff/f]k0f % 2250 8275 8303 9333 9366 37527 2
lh=j=sf sf]
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:yfg df pBfg lgdf{0f
% 1100 1210 1331 1464 1611 6716 9
glthf #=
n3' pBf]u ljsf;
;xof]u % 100 110 121 133 146 610 10
cld];f] /f]k0f-xhf/_ &% 100 5110 5121 5133 5146 20610 11
tfn ;+/If0f / ljsf; % 550 8605 9666 9732 9805 38358 12
l;d;f/ If]q
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
210
jGo hGt' ;+/If0f,
rf]/L lgsf;L lgoGq0f
/ ljsf; sfo{qmd
$ 400 500 400 400 400 2100 14
u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/
a[l4, hl8a'l6 k|zf]wg
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glthf $=
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jflif{s sfo{qmdsf]
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485 340 373 411 452 497 2073 16
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n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs
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tflnd
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u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/
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5 50 55 61 67 73 306 17
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uf]li7
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jflif{s of]hgf th'{df
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lhNnf jg If]q ;dGjo
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glthf % / ^
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vl/b
350000 630 693 762 839 922 3846 27
j'Iff/f]k0f 25 100 6110 6121 5133 5146 22610 25
lglh jg btf{ % 30 33 36 40 44 183 26
gu/kflnsfdf
j[Iff/f]k0f ;lxt pBfg
lgdf{0f
5 1100 1210 1331 1464 1610 6715 28
hl8j'l6L k|j4{g
sfof{qmd % 950 11045 11150 11265 11390 45800 30
glthf &=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
211
hnjfo' kl/j{tg
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uf]i7L tyf tflnd
% 50 55 60 66 73 304 29
lhNnf jg sfo{nosf]
j]j ;fO6 lgdf0f{
% 75 82 90 99 109 455 31
jg If]qsf]
clen]lvs/0f % 600 660 726 798 878 3662 1
hDdf M 13915 55424 67324 69426 70631 276720
#$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
;fd'bflos jg df j}7s lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x lh=j=sf MSFP
;fd'bflos jg sfo{of]hgf lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x lh=j=sf MSFP
glthf @=
jg sfo{of]hgf gljs/0f lh=j=sf
lh=j=sf, pkef]Qmf
;d"x lh=j=sf MSFP
jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg
sfof{of]hgf tof/L lh=j=sf
lh=j=sf lh=j=sf MSFP
l;df8=sg / ;j}{If0f u/L ?vx?
Gffkg lh=j=sf
lh=j=sf xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j[Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lh=j=sf sf] k|fyldstfdf
/x]sf] :yfg df pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf #=
n3' pBf]u ljsf; ;xof]u
lh=lj=;= ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
cld];f] /f]k0f-xhf/_ lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
sf7 pTkfbg-3g lkm6_ lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
bfp/f-r6f+_ @)x20x5 3g
lkm6 lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
tfn ;+/If0f / ljsf; lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
l;d;f/ If]q Joj:yfkg lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jGo hGt' ;+/If0f, rf]/L
lgsf;L lgoGq0f / ljsf;
lh=lj=;= ;DjGwLt ;j}
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
lgu/fgL ug]{
lgsfox?
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
212
sfo{qmd
u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ a[l4,
hl8a'l6 k|zf]wg lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf $=
;fd'bflos jg sf] jflif{s
sfo{qmdsf] hfgsf/L lng] lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
/]s{8 lslk8= tyf n]vf
;'b[9Ls/0f tflnd lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs
;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{g tflnd lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ Joj:yfkg
tyf pBd ljsf; tflnd lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
Onfsf :tl/o cGt/lqmof tyf
of]hgf th'{df uf]li7 lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
;]S6/ :tl/o cGt/lqmof tyf
of]hgf th'{df uf]li7 lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jflif{s of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
k|ult ;ldIFff j}7s lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lhNnf jg If]q ;dGjo ;ldltsf]
;+Rffng P+j ;'b[l9s/0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf % / ^=
lj?jf pTkfbg tyf vl/b lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j'Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lglh jg btf{ lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gu/kflnsfdf j[Iff/f]k0f ;lxt
pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
hl8j'l6L k|j4{g sfof{qmd lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lj?jf pTkfbg tyf vl/b lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j'Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lglh jg btf{ lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gu/kflnsfdf j[Iff/f]k0f ;lxt
pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
hl8j'l6L k|j4{g sfof{qmd lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf &=
/]8 ;DjlGe
jx';/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO hnjfo' lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
213
kl/jt{g tyf /]8 kl/rofTds
uf]i7L
lhNnf jg sfo{nosf] j]j
;fO6 lgdf0f{ lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jg If]qsf] clen]lvs/0f lh=j=sf pkef]Qmf ;d"x
xl/of] jg,
PSofk
bftf, ;d'bfo,
:yfgLo lgsfo
#$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
;fd'bflos jg df j}7s lh=j=sf
rf}dfl;s,
jflif{s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
;fd'bflos jg sfo{of]hgf lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf @=
jg sfo{of]hgf gljs/0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lh=j=sf MSFP
jgsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg
sfof{of]hgf tof/L lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
l;df8=sg / ;j}{If0f u/L ?vx?
Gffkg lh=j=sf
rf}dfl;s,
jflif{s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j[Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lh=j=sf sf] k|fyldstfdf /x]sf]
:yfg df pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf #=
n3' pBf]u ljsf; ;xof]u lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
cld];f] /f]k0f-xhf/_ lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
sf7 pTkfbg-3g lkm6_ lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
bfp/f-r6f+_ @)x20x5 3g lkm6 lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
tfn ;+/If0f / ljsf; lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
l;d;f/ If]q Joj:yfkg lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jGo hGt' ;+/If0f, rf]/L lgsf;L
lgoGq0f / ljsf; sfo{qmd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ a[l4, hl8a'l6
k|zf]wg lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf $=
;fd'bflos jg sf] jflif{s sfo{qmdsf]
hfgsf/L lng] lh=j=sf lh=j=sf MSFP
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
214
/]s{8 lslk8= tyf n]vf ;'b[9Ls/0f
tflnd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f
k|jw{g tflnd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ Joj:yfkg tyf
pBd ljsf; tflnd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
Onfsf :tl/o cGt/lqmof tyf of]hgf
th'{df uf]li7 lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
;]S6/ :tl/o cGt/lqmof tyf of]hgf
th'{df uf]li7 lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jflif{s of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
k|ult ;ldIFff j}7s lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lhNnf jg If]q ;dGjo ;ldltsf]
;+Rffng P+j ;'b[l9s/0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf % / ^=
lj?jf pTkfbg tyf vl/b lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j'Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lglh jg btf{ lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gu/kflnsfdf j[Iff/f]k0f ;lxt
pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
hl8j'l6L k|j4{g sfof{qmd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lj?jf pTkfbg tyf vl/b lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
j'Iff/f]k0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lglh jg btf{ lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gu/kflnsfdf j[Iff/f]k0f ;lxt
pBfg lgdf{0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
hl8j'l6L k|j4{g sfof{qmd lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf &=
/]8 ;DjlGe jx';/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{
hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf /]8
kl/rofTds uf]i7L
lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lhNnf jg sfo{nosf] j]j ;fO6
lgdf0f{ lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
jg If]qsf] clen]lvs/0f lh=j=sf rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'dug
jg ljefu,
:yfgLo lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
215
kl/R5]b @&
e";+/If0f tyf hnpTkGg k|sf]k
@&=! e"ldsf
ljZjdf hnfwf/ If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf; / Aoj:yfkg ug]{ ;Sg] d'n'sx?df] dfq ;fy{s ?kdfGt/0f ePsf]
dflgG5 . g]kfn hnjfo'hGo k|sf]ksf] lx;fjn] ljZjd} pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] b]z xf] . g]kfnsf] s'n
If]qkmnsf] sl/j #(=^ k|ltzt If]qkmn jg If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . hnfwf/ If]qn] s[lif, pBf]u, jftfj/0f / h}ljs
ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
o;} u/L o; lhNnfdf hnfwf/ If]q Pj+ pkhnfwf/ If]qsf] ljsf;af6 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, jghGo >f]tsf] ;+/If0f
/ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/x?nfO{ sdL NofO{ dfgj Pj+ kl/l:yltlso k|0ffnLnfO} jbln+bf] kl/l:ylt;Fu
cg's'ng ug{ ;xof]u k'/\ofpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg] s'/f :jtM l;4 5 . o; lHfNnfsf] ;d[l4sf] nflu
hnfwf/ If]qsf] Aoj:yfkg eGg] d'n dd{sf ;fy hg;xeflutfd'ns , ljs]Gb|Lt Pj+ j}1fgLs ?kdf hnfwf/
If]qsf] Aoj:yfkg u/L ;du| lhNnfsf] ljsf;df 6\]jf k'/\ofpgsf ;fy} :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/
ug{ hnfwf/ If]qsf] of]hgfsf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? lgb]{lzt ul/Psf] 5 .
@&=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
pkhnfwf/ If]qsf] ljsf; of]hgf Pj+ sfo{of]hgf aGg] qmd z'? ePsf] 5 . o; k|lqmofnfO{ ;j} pkhnfwf/
If]qdf l56f] / Aojl:yt ?kdf k'/\ofpg' cfhsf] k|yd cfjZostf xf] . hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;'zf;gnfO{ ;+:yfut
ug{, ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf ;d'bfonfO{ hnfwf/ ;+/If0f cleofgdf ;l/s u/fpb} pgLx?sf] hLjg:t/ psf:g,
h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ug{, hnjfo' cg's'ng sfod ug{, kfgLsf d'xfgx?sf] ;+/If0f ug{ s]lx sfo{ z'?
ePsf t/ y'k|} sfo{ ug{ afFls /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
a]l;g Pk|f]r dfkm{t ;]jf lj:tf/ ePsf], To:t} hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng Pj+ /]8 km/]li6sf] cjwf/0ff cg'?kdf
s]lx k|f?kdf sfo{ ;d]t ePsf] 5 .
@&=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
e";+/If0fdf bIf hgzlQmsf] ;+Vof a9]sf]
e";+/If0fd dlxnf ;xeflutf a9]sf]
e"Ifodf sld cfPsf]
P]g lgod Pj+ dfu{bz{g ag]sf]
hg;xeflutfdf cfwf/Lt e";+/If0fsf] sfo{
ePsf]
s]lx hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0f of]hgf ag]sf]
cj;/
hg;xeflutfdf cfwf/Lt e";+/If0f ug]{ sfo{df a[l4
x'g]
e"Ifodf sld eO{ jgsf] :t/df a[l4 x'g]
hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0f x'g]
sdhf]/ kIf
;j} hnfwf/ If]qsf] Aoj:yfkg of]hgf
gag]sf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] b/jlGb 36]sf]
hg;+Vof a9]sf]n] jg ;+kbfdfly clws rfk
a9]sf]
r'gf}lt
e";+/If0f of]hgf / u'?of]hgf agfpg]
afl9 klx/f]sf] lgoGq0f ug]{
df};d kl/jt{gsf] cj:yf cfpg glbg]
jgIf]q cltqmd0fnfO{ /f]Sg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
216
cem} dlxnf ;xeflutf sd /x]sf]
ljsf;sf sfo{n] jg km8fgL Pj+ e"Ifo a9]sf]
;do ;fk]If P]g lgod Pj+ cGo sfg"lg
Aoj:yfsf] sld / ePsf sfg'gsf] klg kfngf
Pj+ sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf]
vf]nf, hnfwf/ If]qsf] l;df+sg ul/ ;+/If0f ug]{
@&=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
hnfwf/ If]qsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkg4f/f :yflgo / /fli6«o ;d[l4df of]ubfg k'u]sf] x'g]5 .
@&=% p4]Zo
hnfwf/ If]qdf /x]sf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] lbuf] Pj j}1flgs Joj:yfkg / Ps[ls[t hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg ub}{ :yfgLo hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
@&=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= e";+/If0f
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M hnfwf/ If]qdf /x]sf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] lbuf] Pj j}1flgs Joj:yfkg / Ps[ls[t hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg ub}{ :yfgLo hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
pkhnfwf/ If]q
u'?of]hgf tof/ /
;+/If0f -uf]6f_
@ !@
klx/f] lgoGq0f -uf]6f=_ !% $)
l;d;f/ If]q of]hgf
tof/ / sfof{Gjog
! #
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf
/ kf]v/f pkTsf
gu/ ljsf;
;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! ljleGg
:yfgdf t6jGwg
lgdf{0f, vf]nf
lgoGq0f, klx/f
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
t6jGwg lgdf{0f -ls=dL=_ !) ^)
vf]nf lgoGq0f -ls=dL=_ & $(
lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–lh=e"=;+=
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
217
lgoGq0f ePsf]
x'g]5 .
klx/f] lgoGq0f -uf]6f=_ !% $)
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bg
u};; tyf bft[
lgsfosf]
k|ltj]bg
ePdf
glthf # pk
hnfwf/ If]qsf]
cWoog,
k|fyldlss/0f tyf
;+/If0f u"?of]hgf
lgdf{f0f ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
pk hnfwf/ If]qsf]
cWoog tyf klxrfg
!) #)
pkhnfwf/ If]q
u'?of]hgf tof/ /
;+/If0f -uf]6f_
@ !@
6f/ ;+/If0f -uf]6f_ @ !$
klx/f] lgoGq0f -j6f_ !% #)
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–lh=e"=;+=
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bg
u};; tyf bft[
lgsfosf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf $ hf]lvd
o'Qm ;Ld;f/
If]qsf] ;+/If0f
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
l;d;f/ If]q of]hgf
tof/ / sfof{Gjog
! #
l;d;f/ If]qsf] l;df+sg ) #
– lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–lh=e"=;+=
sfo{nosf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bg
u};; tyf bft[
lgsfosf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
@&=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
l;ldt >f]taf6 clwstd nfe lng hnfwf/ tyf pkhnfwf/ I]fqdf ljefhg u/L
k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df ;3g / Plss[t hnfwf/ Aoj:yfkg ul/g]5 .
glb tyf vx/] vf]nf lsgf/fsf] ;+/If0f u/L ;DefAo afl9 tyf klx/f]sf] k|sf]kaf6 hUuf
hldgnfO{ cfjZos ;'/Iff lbOg]5 .
hnfwf/ If]qsf] jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ;f] If]qdf e"pkof]u k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
tfn tyf glbgfnfdf x'g ;Sg] lylu|g] k|lqmofnfO{ 36fpg] pkfox?sf] cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
k|fyldstf k|fKt pkhnfwf/df tLg jif{;Dd 3gLe"t ?kdf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
clwsts :yflgo ;|f]t / ;fwgdf cfwfl/t sd vlr{nf] k|ljlwdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
:yflgo ;d'bfosf] PIN(Problem, Intrest, Need) sf] cfwf/df ;]jfk|jfx u/Lg] .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
218
e"=;+/If0f / hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgjf/] Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ u/L hgr]tgf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
;f=lj=x= cfdf]8n cg';/0f sfo{qmdnfO{ cfTd;fyub{} k|fyldstf k|fKt pkhnfwf/ If]qx?df
sfof{qmd lj:tf/ u/L nfu' ul/g]5 .
lhNnfsf] dxTjk"0f{ tfntn}of Pj+ l;d;f/ If]q ;+/If0fsf] nflu cGo lgsfosf] ;dGjodf
Plss[t Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 .
@&=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d kl/df0f )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
t6jGwg lgdf{0f ^) 4500 14950 15445 15989 16588 67472 4
vf]nf lgoGq0f $( 5500 6050 16655 17320 18052 63577 5
klx/f] lgoGq0f $) 3300 3630 13993 14392 14831 50146 6
pkhnfwf/sf]
u'?of]hgf !@ 10000 11000 12100 13310 14641 61051 7
pk hnfwf/ If]qsf]
cWoog tyf klxrfg
tyf k|fyldlss/0f -
uf]6f_
@) 200 300 600 800 500 2400 3
6f/ j:tL ;+/If0f -
uf]6f_ !$ 1200 1320 1452 1597 1756 7325 1
l;d;f/ If]q
l;df+sg Pj+ ;+/If0f
-uf]6f_
# 100 1050 1100 1290 1490 5030 2
l;d;f/ If]q
u'?of]hgf tof/ -
uf]6f_
@ 600 600 715 700 700 3315 8
ag g;{/L Aoa:yfkg $ 500 500 500 500 500 2500 9
a[Iff/f]k0f If]q x]= % 200 200 200 300 400 1300 10
hDdf 26100 39600 62760 66198 69458 264116
@&=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
t6jGwg lgdf{0f lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu hn pTkGg
pkef]Qmf
;d"x
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
vf]nf lgoGq0f lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu hn pTkGg
pkef]Qmf
;d"x
:yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
klx/f] lgoGq0f lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu, uflj; e" ;+/If0f pkef]Qmf :yfgLo lgsfo,
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
219
lh e"=;+= sf= sfo{no, u};; ;d"x u};; tyf bftf
pkhnfwf/sf] u'?of]hgf lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
pk hnfwf/ If]qsf] cWoog tyf
klxrfg tyf k|fyldlss/0f -
uf]6f_
lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
6f/ j:tL ;+/If0f -uf]6f_ lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
l;d;f/ If]q l;df+sg Pj+
;+/If0f -uf]6f_
lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
l;d;f/ If]q u'?of]hgf tof/ -
uf]6f_
lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
ag g;{/L Aoa:yfkg lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
a[Iff/f]k0f If]q x]= lh=lj=;, h=p =ljefu,
lh e"=;+= sf=
uflj; e" ;+/If0f
sfo{no, u};;
pkef]Qmf
;d"x :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};; tyf bftf
@&=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
t6jGwg lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;., h=p =ljefu
rf}dfl;s lkmN8 cg'udg lh=lj=;., h=p
=ljefu
vf]nf lgoGq0f lh=lj=;., h=p =ljefu
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf= h=p
k|=lg=ljefu
klx/f] lgoGq0f lh=lj=;., h=p =ljefu
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf= h=p
k|=lg=ljefu
pkhnfwf/sf] u'?of]hgf lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
pk hnfwf/ If]qsf] cWoog tyf
klxrfg tyf k|fyldlss/0f -uf]6f_
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
6f/ j:tL ;+/If0f -uf]6f_ lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
l;d;f/ If]q l;df+sg Pj+ ;+/If0f -
uf]6f_
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
l;d;f/ If]q u'?of]hgf tof/ -uf]6f_ lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
ag g;{/L Aoa:yfkg lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
a[Iff/f]k0f If]q x]= lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
rf}dfl;s
aflif{s
:ynut
cg'udg,
lh=lj=;=,
lh=e"=;+=sf=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
220
kl/R5]b @*
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g tyf hnjfo' cg's'ng
@*=! e'ldsf
:j:y jftjf/0fsf] xsnfO{ df}lns xssf] ?Kfdf xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf dfGotf lbPsf]n], :jR5 jftfj/0f Ps dfgj
clwsf/sf] ?kdf ;Ddfg / k|jw{g ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g, / lgodfjnL,
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f lgb]{lzsf cflb hfl/ ul/Psf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g Pj+ jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;DjGwdf ePsf
cGt//fli6\o ;lGw dxf;GwLx?sf] ;+emf}tf, cg'df]bg Pj+ ;DdLng ub}{ tbcg'?k sfo{of]hgf agfO{ k|ltjb]gx?
kIf /fi6\sf] x}l;otdf ub}{ cfPsf], ;f] cg's'n /fli6\o sfg'gx?sf] kl/dfh{g, sfo{of]hgf cg's'n cGo gLltut,
;+/rgfut, sfo{ut Pj+ Aoj:yfklso sfo{x? ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;+s]t ah]6sf] Aoj:yf
ul/Psf], jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf] k|f?k, @)&) sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf], hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ngsf]
;+/rgfut / gLltut Aoj:yfx? klg u/]sf] 5 .
bLuf] ljsf;sf] sfo{;"lr cg'?ksf sfo{qmd ;+rfng, Unf]jn jfld{+u lj?4sf sfo{qmd tof/L, jftfj/0fLo k|efj
d"Nof+sg, k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo cWoog, ;+kGGf of]hgfx?sf] k|efj d"Nofs+g, ;jf/L ;fwgx?sf] dfkb08
lgwf{/0f Wjlg Pj+ jfo' k|b'if0f lgoGq0f, jftfj/0fLo ;'zf;g sfod ug{ jftfj/0f ljefusf] u7g, Sof]6f]
k|f]6f]sn cGtu{t sfj{g Aofkf/af6 g]kfnn] cfDbfgL k|fKt ug{ z'? u/]sf], xl/t cy{tGqsf] cjwf/0ff cjnDjg,
Go"g sfj{g pT;h{g ljsf; /0fgLlt agfO{ nfu' u/]sf] ;d]t 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;Gbe{df gLltut kIfdf
u/]sf] pknAwLnfO{ d"Nof+sg u/L ;+o'Qm /fi6\;+3Lo k|0ffnLaf6 g]kfnnfO{ Unf]jn ln8/zLk cjf8{ k|fKt ePsf]
klg 5 .
o; lHfNnfdf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f Pj+ hnjfo' cg's'ng ;DjGWfdf ;/sf/L lgsfo, :yfgLo lgsfox?, cGo
kl/of]hgfx?, bftfx?, ;d'bfo Pj+ lghLIf]q ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo a9fpg], lhlj;df /x]sf phf{, jftfj0f
tyf hnjfo' cg''s'ng zfvf Pj+ cGo ;+:yfx?sf] ;:yfut ;[b[l9s/0f, ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf] Ifdtf ljsf;,
jftfj/0f k|b'if0fsf] lgoGq0f, hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/x?sf] cWoog Pj+ cg's'ngsf] sfo{of]hgf ;lxt
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ;d]tsf] Aoj:yf o; of]hgfdf ul/Psf]] 5 .
@*=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lHfNnfdf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f Pj+ hnjfo' cg's'ng ;DjGWfdf ;/sf/L lgsfo, :yfgLo lgsfox?, cGo
kl/of]hgfx?, bftfx?, ;d'bfo Pj+ lghLIf]q ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo sfod ul/ sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjo ug]{
qmd a9]sf], lhlj;df phf{, jftfj0f tyf hnjfo' cg''s'ng zfvf :yfkgf eO{ sfo{of]hgf tof/ Pj+ ;f]
cg'?ksf sfo{ ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ eO/x]sf], ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf] Ifdtf ljsf;, jftfj/0f k|b'if0fsf]
lgoGq0f, hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/x?sf] cWoog Pj+ cg's'ngsf] sfo{of]hgf tof/L ;d]tsf sfo{n] ltj|tf
kfPsf] 5 .
lhNnfdf xl/t ljsf;sf] cjwf/0fsf] cjnDjg, :jR5 ljsf;sf] ;+oGq tof/L, ufpF:t/df hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'ngsf sfo{of]hgf Pj+ sfo{qmd tof/ -nfkf_, jg sfof{no ;d]tsf] ;lqmotfdf ;d'bfo:t/df hnjfo'
kl/jt{g cg's'ngsf sfo{qmd-sfkf_ tof/L Pj+ ;+rfng eO{ cfPsf] 5 . 7'nf k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f, glbsf 3f6
;+rfng Pj+ vfgL ;+rfng ubf{ cfOOO{ Pj+ OcfOP ug]{ cEof;sf] cjDjg ul/Psf] 5 .
@*=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
% uflj;df jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g
sfo{qmd z'?
jftfj/0fd}qL tfnLd / ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmd
;+rfngdf a[l4
cj;/x?
tfntn}of ;+/If0f
l;d;f/ If]qsf] ;+/If0f
jftfj/0fd}qL uflj; agfpg ;lsg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
221
hnpTkGg k|sf]kaf/] ;r]tgf a9]sf]
h}ljs ljljwtfdf Ifltdf sld
sdhf]/ kIf
clgolGqt ?kdf vf]nf gfnfsf] btf{ x'g'
hnpTkGGf k|sf]k lgoGq0fsf] nflu ef}uf]lns
ljs6tf sfod} /xg'
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf lgsf;f gx'g'
jftfj/0fd}qL ;"rsx? cg';f/ sfo{ x'g
g;s]sf]
r'gf}lt
jftfj/0fd}qL lHfNnf 3f]if0f ug]{
cAojl:yt a;fO{+ ;/fO{ / zx/Ls/0fnfO{ Aojl:yt
agfpg]
k|fs[lts >f]t;fwgsf] cToflws bf]xgnfO{ 36fpg]
;fj{hlgs hldgsf] cltqmd0f, cAojl:yt ;'s'Djfl;
;d:of x6fO{ hldgsf] ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]u a9fpg]
e"Ifo tyf glb s6fgnfO{ 36fpg]
jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
kfgLsf >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{
yk
;jnkIf
hnjfo' kl/jt{g / o;sf] c;/ af/] k|rf/
k|;f/ ePsf]
hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng sf sfo{qmd u};;
/ lhlj; dfkm{t z'?
hnpTkGg k|sf]kaf/] ;r]tgf a9]sf]
hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng lgDtL nfkf PJf+
sfkf agfpg] sfo{ z'?
s]lx uflj;df nfkf jf hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'ng sfo{of]hgf agfpg] 5nkmn z'?
cj;/x?
gofF cfjlws of]hgfdf hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng
of]hgf aGg ;Sg]
nfkf / sfkf ;j} :yfgLo lgsfodf jlg sfof{Gjog
x'g ;Sg]
df};ddf cfPsf] kl/jt{gsf] clen]v /flv ;f] cg';f/
v]ltkflt ug{ ;lsg]
glbx?sf] lgoGq0f ePdf hldgsf] jl9 pkof]u ug{
;lsg]
x/]s uflj;sf ;j} j8fx?df kf]v/L lgdf{0f
kfgLsf d'xfgx?sf] ;+/If0f
sdhf]/ kIf
;j} :yfgLo lgsfodf hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'ng of]hgf Pj+ sfo{of]hgf gePsf]
l;d;f/ If]qsf] ;+/If0fdf sld
;j} lgsfo / ;d'bfodf nfkf / sfkf gag]sf]
kof{Kt jh]6 gx''g', ;dodf lgsf;f gx'g'
v/fof], :ofn h:tf hgfj/, To:t}M sflnh,
sfu, 8f+u|], lu4, cflb r/fx? sd x'b}
kflt, lrp/L, cDjf, lgj'jf, dfln+uf], 6';f cflb
sd x'b}
:yfgLo t/sf/L, vfBfGgsf ljpm gf; x'b} .
kfgL kg]{, hf8f] jf lr;f] x'g] ;do ! dlxgf
cl3kl5 ;/sf]
r'gf}lt
glbx?sf] lgoGq0f ePdf hldgsf] jl9 pkof]u ug{
;lsg]
x/]s uflj;sf ;j} j8fx?df kf]v/L lgdf{0f
kfgLsf d'xfgx?sf] ;+/If0f
k|fs[lts >f]t;fwgsf] cToflws bf]xgnfO{ 36fpg]
e"Ifo tyf glb s6fgnfO{ 36fpg]
jftfj/l0fo k|b'if0f 36fpg]
kfgLsf >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{
x/]s uflj; / gkfx?df hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng
of]hgf tof/ ul/ sfof{Gjog ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
222
@*=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
;'Gb/ / jftfj/0fd}qL ;dfhsf] ;[hgf ug{sf] nflu 3/ kl/jf/ b]lv gu/ tyf uflj;;Dd jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g :yfkgf / k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwgsf] ljj]slzn pkof]u u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 x'g;Sg]
c;/x?sf] Go"lgs/0f tyf cg's'ng ePsf] x'g]5 .
@*=% p4]Zo
:yfgLo of]hgf k|s[ofdf jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g Pj+ hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ngsf] sfo{qmdnfO{
d"nk|jflxs/0f u/L lbuf] ljsf; Pj+ hgtfsf] hLjgofkgdf ;xhtf Nofpg] .
@*=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M :yfgLo
of]hgf k|s[ofdf
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g
Pj+ hnjfo'
kl/jt{g
cg's'ngsf]
sfo{qmdnfO{
d"nk|jflxs/0f
u/L lbuf]
ljsf; Pj+
hgtfsf]
hLjg:t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'nsf] jfln
rqm tof/ / ;f]sf]
sfof{Gjog ug]{
uflj;
% #@
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g nfu"
ePsf] uflj; /
g=kf= ;+Vof
% #$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
kf]v/f pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! M
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo
zf;gsf]
cjwf/0ff
;+:yfut /
Knfli6s d'Qm
If]qsf] lj:tf/
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g nfu"
ePsf] uflj; /
g=kf= ;+Vof
% #$
jftfj/0fd}qL
uflj; Pj+ gkf
3f]if0ff ;+Vof
) !@
jftfj/0fd}qL
:f"rs :yfgLos/0f
/ nfu' ePsf]
) #$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
kf]v/f pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
223
uflj; / g=kf=
;+Vof
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g
;DjGwL tflnd
%
uflj;
#@
uflj
;
Knfli6sd'Qm uflj;
/ g=kf= ;+Vof
) #$
glthf @ M
hnjfo'
kl/jt{g
cg's'ngsf
sfo{qmdx?
k|efjsf/L ?kdf
;+rflnt x'g]5g\
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
Ps ufpF Ps
kf]v/L ePsf]
uflj; ;+Vof
) @%
vfg]kfgL
d'xfgx?sf]
k|f]kmfOn tof/
) !
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf]
gS;f+sg
) !
hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'nsf] jfln
rqm tof/ / ;f]sf]
sfof{Gjog ug]{
uflj;
% #@
ldrfxf emf/sf]
k|zf]wg u/L
sDkf]i6 dn
agfpg] s]Gb|
:yfkgf
) !)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
kf]v/f pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf #M
jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g
Pj+ hnjfo'
cg's'ngsf]
;r]tgf lj:tf/
/ ;+:yfut
;+oGq ljsf;
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
jftfj/0fd}qL Pj+
hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'ng gu/ Pj+
ufpF ;ldlt u7g
/ ;+rfng
) #$
jftfj/0f k|b'if0f
lj?4 cled'lvs/0f
sfo{s|d
@) !%)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf
zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfn
f jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
224
hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'ng ;r]tgf
tflnd
!) %)
@*=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
x/]s uflj;df :yfgLo hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng -LAPA_ Pj+ ;d'bflos hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ng -
CAPA_ sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ x/]s :yfgLo lgsfos]f of]hgf k|s[ofdf cfGtl/sLs/0f
u/L uflj;x? Pj+ gu/kfnLsfx?nfO{ jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo lgsfo 3f]if0ff ub} nlug] 5 .
jftfj/0fd}qL Pj+ hnjfo' cg's'ngsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ljsf;sf cGo If]q;Fu cGt/;DjGwLt Pj+
Plss[t ?kdf ;dflxt ub}{ nlug]5 .
clt ljkGg kl/jf/sf] ;+/If0f, Ifdtf ljsf; / hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/x?sf] gS;f+sg u/L ;f] cg'?k
of]hgfx? th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
jftfj/0fd}qL lbuf] ljsf; Pj+ hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ngnfO{ cfwf/e"t txaf6} ;j} kIf Pj+
;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ lhDd]jf/, ;xsfo{ / ;fe]mbf/ agfpb} nlug] 5 .
:yfgLo :jfldTj, ckgTj / hjfkmb]lxtfsf] ;+:s[lt ljsf; ul/g]5 .
@*=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo
zf;gsfsf ;"rs
:yfgLos/0f / nfu"
#@
uflj;,
@ gkf
500 5500 5500 5500 5500 22500 1
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g ;DjGwL
tflnd
#@
uflj;,
@ gkf
600 4600 4600 4600 4600 19000 3
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo
zf;gsf] lHfNnf
of]hgf
!
700 700 2
Knfli6s d'Qm
cleofg ;+rfng
#@
uflj;,
@ gkf
50 4100 4200 4200 4200 16750 4
glthf @=
Ps ufpF Ps kf]v/L
lgdf{0f
@% 100 9500 11200 11000 9400 41200 5
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf]
gS;f+sg
@) 200 800 1000 7
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
225
vfg]kfgL d'xfgx?sf]
k|f]kmfOn tof/ /
;+/If0f
!
200 2000 1500 1300 4350 9350 6
hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg's'n jflnrqm
ljsf; / nfu"
#@
uflj; 200 200 200 200 200 1000 8
ldrfxf emf/af6
sDkf]i6 dn lgdf{0f
s]Gb| :yfkgf
!)
200 400 600 500 300 2000 9
glthf #=
jftfj/0fd}qL Pj+
hnjfo' cg's'ng
;ldlt u7g tyf
tflnd
#@
uflj; 175 175 175 175 175 875 11
jftfj/0f k|b'if0f
lj?4 ;r]tgf tflnd
!%)
hgf 2175 8175 8175 9175 9175 36875 10
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf
k|efj / Go"lgs/0f
tflnd
!%)
hgf 4175 7175 7175 7175 7175 32875 12
hDdf 8375 42725 44125 43825 45075 184125
@*=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsfsf
;"rs :yfgLos/0f / sfof{Gjog
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g
;DjGwL tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ufpF
/ gu/ tof/L sfo{qmd
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf]
lHfNnf of]hgf
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
Knfli6s d'Qm cleofg ;+rfng :yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf @=
Ps ufpF Ps kf]v/L lgdf{0f :yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] gS;f+sg :yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
vfg]kfgL d'xfgx?sf] k|f]kmfOn :yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf, lhlj;, xl/of] u};;, lghL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
226
tof/ / ;+/If0f lh=j=sf= jg If]q, ;d'bfo
hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'n
jflnrq ljsf; / nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
ldrfxf emf/af6 sDkf]i6 dn
lgdf{0f s]Gb| :yfkgf
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
glthf #=
jftfj/0fd}qL Pj+ hnjfo'
cg's'ng ;ldlt u7g Pj+
lqmoflzn
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
jftfj/0f k|b'if0f lj?4 ;r]tgf
tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf k|efj /
Go"lgs/0f tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo uflj;, gkf,
lh=j=sf=
lhlj;, xl/of]
jg
u};;, lghL
If]q, ;d'bfo
@*=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsfsf
;"rs :yfgLos/0f
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ;DjGwL
tflnd
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ufpF /
gu/ tof/L sfo{qmd
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gsf] lHfNnf
of]hgf
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
Knfli6s d'Qm cleofg ;+rfng lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf @=
Ps ufpF Ps kf]v/L lgdf{0f lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] gS;f+sg lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
vfg]kfgL d'xfgx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/
/ ;+/If0f
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
227
hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'n jflnrq
ljsf; / nfu"
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
ldrfxf emf/af6 sDkf]i6 dn lgdf{0f
s]Gb| :yfkgf
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
glthf #=
jftfj/0fd}qL Pj+ hnjfo' cg's'ng
;ldlt u7g Pj+ lqmoflzn
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
jftfj/0f k|b'if0f lj?4 ;r]tgf
tflnd
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf k|efj /
Go"lgs/0f tflnd
lhlj;, gkf,
uflj;,
lh=j=sf=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg lkmN8
cWoog,
:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+
dflyNnf] lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
228
kl/R5]b @(
ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg
@(=! e'ldsf
g]kfn e"slDko hf]lvdsf lx;fjn] ljZjdf P3f/f} :yfgdf kb{5 . To;} u/L oxfFsf] ef}uf]lns agf]6, ef}ule{s
agf]6 Pj+ ultlzntf, k|fs[lts, hnjfo' kl/jt{g Pj+ dfgljo lqmofsnfkaf6 l;hL{t ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] lx;fan]
;d]t g]kfn pRr hf]lvddf kb{5 . b}lj k|sf]k p4f/ P]g, @)#(, ljkb hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg /fli6\o /0fgLlt,
@)^^, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%%, e"sDk k|lt/f]lw ejg jgfpg ejg P]g, @)%%, ejg lgdf{0f ;+lxtf,
@)^#, k|wfg dGqLsf] cWoIftfdf ljkb hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg pRr:t/Lo k|flws/0fsf] :yfkgf h:tf sfo{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . hnjfo' tyf df};d eljZojfl0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ j}1flgs agfpb} nluPsf], e"slDko
t/+usf] ;"rgf b]zel/sf e"slDko ;~hfnaf6 t'?Gt} k|fKt ug]{ Aoj:yf ldnfO{s]f, u[x dGqfno cGtu{t b}lj
k|sf]k p4f/ ljefu Pj+ s]lGb|o cfktsflng sfo{;~rfng s]Gb| :yfkgf, h;nfO{ lHfNnf:t/df klg :yfkgf ub}{
nluPsf] 5 . ljkb\ k|ltsfo{sf] nflu b]zsf *# :yfgx?nfO{ v'nfIf]qx? klxrfg ul/ ToxfF ljkb\sf j]nf
cf>o:yn agfpg] Pj+ vfg]kfgL nufotsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ sfo{ cufl9 a9]sf] 5 .
o; lHfNnf:t/sf ljsf; k|of;df hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fnfO{ ;f/e"t ?kdf d"nk|jflxs/0f ug{, ljkb\af6 x'g;Sg]
7"nf] wghgsf] Ifltdf sld Nofpg], ljkb\ pTyfglzntf a[l4 ug]{, ef}lts ;+/rgfx?sf] hf]lvdhGotf s dug]{
pkfox?sf] cjnDjg, hyfeflj tl/sfn] 3/ Pj+ cGo ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf of]hgfx? lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf a]xf];L
dfgljo lqmofsnfkn] ljkb hf]vLd a9]/ hfg;Sg] cj:yfnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{], jftfj/0fLo k|sf]k Pj+ hn
pTkGg k|sf]k / hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'ngsf sfo{qmdnfO{ yk ltj|tf Pj+ a}1fgLs Aoj:yfkg u/fpg ;d]t of]
of]hgf lgb]{lzt ePsf] 5 .
@(=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lHfNnfdf lHfNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] cu|;/tfdf ljkb\ hf]lvd k"j{ tof/ / p4f/ ;DjGwdf of]hgf ag]sf],
lhlj;df k|sf]k Aoj:yfkg ljz]if sf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ Aoj:yf ePsf], g]kfn /]8qm; lHfNnf zfvfn] j:tL
Pj+ ufpF;Dd ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg Pj+ p4f/sf] sfo{;~hfn agfPsf], ;]gf Pj+ k|xl/df ;f] ;DjGwL tfnLd k|fKt
hgzlQm ;d]t /x]sf] l:ylt 5 . lhlj;df phf{, jftfj/0f Pj+ hnjfo' cg's'ng zfvf :yfkgf ul/Psf] klg 5
. ljkb\ Aoj:yfkgdf ;/sf/L Pj+ lghL ;+:yf, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, ;d'bfo, :yfgLo lgsfo ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{ /
;dGjo ;d]t sfod /x]sf] 5 .
gu/If]qdf ejg ;+lxtf Pj+ dfkb08sf] Aoj:yfnfO{ cjnDjg ub}{ nluPsf] Pj+ ePsf] klg 5 . t/ ljut
b]lv xfn;Ddsf ljsf; k|of;df hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fnfO{ ;f/e"t ?kdf d"nk|jflxs/0f ug{ g;Sbf 7"nf] wghgsf]
Iflt, ef}lts ;+/rgfx?sf] hf]lvdhGotf ;d]t a9]/ uPsf] 5 . hyfeflj tl/sfn] 3/ Pj+ cGo ef}lts
k"jf{wf/sf of]hgfx? lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf a]xf];L dfgljo lqmofsnfkn] ljkb hf]vLd a9]/ uPsf], jftfj/0fLo k|sf]k
Pj+ hn pTkGg k|sf]k a9]/ uPsf] 5 .
cfw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ g;lsPsf], ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf sd /xg] u/]sf], vf]h Pj+
p4f/ sfo{df k/Dk/fut 1fg PJ+f ;Lksf] pkof]u x'g g;Sg', ejg ;+lxtf Pj+ dfkb08 k|efjsf/L ?kdf nfu"
ug{ g;lsPsf], lghLIf]qsf] ;xeflutf sd x'g', ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] cWoog ul/ ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] clen]v Pj+
gS;f+sg x'g g;s]sf], of]hgf agfpbf g} ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] pkfosf] ;+:yfut gul/g', ljkb\ hf]lvd /
hnjfo' cg's'ngsf sfo{qmdnfO{ Plss[t / ;dGjLt ?kdf n}hfg g;lsg', ljkb\sf] 36gf ePkl5 dfq /fxt /
p4f/ ug]{ sfo{z}nLdf dfq l;ldt x'g], /fxt kl5 k'g:yfkgf / k'gMlgdf{0f Pj+ gjlgdf{0f ug]{ ul/ sfo{ gx'g]
l:ylt sfod} 5 .
pk/f]Qm cj:yfnfO{ cj;/ / sfo{?Kfdf kl/0ft ug'{ ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf ePsf] dxz'if /fd|};Fu ;j}nfO{ ePsf]
5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
229
@(=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jn kIf
p4f/ ug]{ bIf hgzlQmsf] ;+Vof a9]sf]
e"Ifodf sld cfPsf]
ljkb hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg lHfNnf ;ldlt ag]sf]
:yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd k"j{tof/ of]hgf
lh=k|zf;g sfof{non] agfPsf]
ljkb hf]lvd gLlt Pj+ sfo{qmd :yfgLo
lgsfodf aGg] u/]sf]
s]lx uflj;df o; ;DjGwL ;ldlt, tflnd,
;fdfu|L ;lxtsf] ls6 afs;sf] Aoj:yf
ul/Psf]
ljkb hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg h:t} e"sDk ;d]tdf
hg;xeflutf / :jod;]lj efjgf a9]sf]
cj;/
k"j{tof/L dfq xf]Og ;du| ljkb Aoj:yfkg of]hgf
agfpg ;lsg]
e"sDkn] dfkb08 Pj+ e"sDk k|lt/f]lw 3/ aGg ;xh
jftfj/0f ag]sf]
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ljsf;sf sfo{n] jg km8fgL Pj+ e"Ifo a9]sf]
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Aoj:yfsf] sld / ePsf sfg'gsf] klg kfngf
Pj+ sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
x/]s uflj; Pj+ gkfx?df ljkb hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg
of]hgf agfpg]
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;fdfu|L ;lxtsf] ls6 aS; ;lxtsf] tof/L ug]{
ljkb Aoj:yfkgdf ;xsfo{ / ;fd'lxs lhDDf]jf/Lsf]
af]w ug]{
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ljkb ;+efAo :yfgx?df ;fO/g k|0ffnL cBfjlws
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e"sDk, cfufnflu, r6\of+u, dfxfdf/L, dfgljo Pj+ hn pTkGg k|sf]k jf6 l;lh{t dfgljo, ef}lts, ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s xfgL gf]S;fgLnfO{ Go"lgs/0f u/L ljkb hf]lvd pTyfglzn lhNnfsf] ?kdf ljsf; ePsf] x'g]5 .
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ljsf;sf k'jf{wf/x?df jif{]gL x'g] Iflt Go"lgs/0f ug]{ .
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gfaf6 x'g] wg hg, / ;fj{hflgs ;DklQsf] IfltnfO Go"lgs/0f ug]{ .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
230
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ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
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p4]Zo M
k|fs[lts
k|sf]ksf
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l:ylt
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ljkb\ k"j{ tof/L,
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k'g:yfkgf,
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lgoGq0f ;lxtsf]
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nfu"
) !
ljkb\ hf]lvdaf6
aRg] pkfo af/]
tflnd
!)) !%))
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ljsf; ;ldltsf]
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k|ltj]bg
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a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf ! ljkb
hf]lvd
Aoj:yfkg
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of]hgf k|0ffnL
k|efjsf/L
ePsf] x'g]5 .
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l:ylt
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ljkb\ hf]lvdsf]
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gS;f+sg
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lHfNnf cfkbsflng
sfo{;+rfng s]Gb|
! !
ljkb\ k"j{ tof/L,
k|ltsfo{,
k'g:yfkgf,
k'gMlgdf{0f /
lgoGq0f ;lxtsf]
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ljkb\ hf]lvdaf6
aRg] pkfo af/]
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!)) !%))
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a9fjf lbg
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glthf @
hnpTkGg
k|sf]ksf]
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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x'g]5 . ;+Vof
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l:ylt
nIo
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ejg k'glgdf{0f -
uf]6f_
) %$))
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tyf #@ uflj;_
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glthf $ M
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Pj+ ;+:yfut
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l:ylt
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ljkb\ hf]lvd sf]if
:yfkgf ePsf]
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& #$
p4f/ ;DjGwL yk
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pks/0f ;lxtsf]
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a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
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k|sf]khGo glbx?, k|sf]k k|efljt tfnx?, uDeL/ k|sf]khGo klx/f]x?, k|sf]k k|efljt 6f/ Pj+ j:tLx?sf] klxrfg ug{] Pj+ gS;f+sg u/L ;f] sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ul/g]5 .
7"nf gbLx?jf6 ePsf] Iflt Go"lgs/0f Pj+ cfufld lbgdf kfg{ ;Sg] IfltnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;du| ljkb\ hf]lvd u'?of]hgf tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
232
;e{], u'?of]hgfjf6 k|FKt ljj/0f cg';f/ r]s 8ofd, glb lsgf/ ;+/If0f, ODjfªd]G6, :k/, l;n6];g 6ofsx? lgdf{0f u/L k|sf]knfO{ Go"lgs/0f ul/g]5 .
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@(=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
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stf
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glthf !=
ljkb\ hf]lvdsf]
k|f]kmfOn Pj+
gS;f+sg
# 200 300 400 900 2
lHfNnf cfkbsflng
sfo{;+rfng s]Gb|
Aoj:yfkg
! 200 200 300 300 200 1200 4
ljkb\ Aoa:yfkg u'?
of]hgf tof/ ! 200 700 2500 2500 3600 9500 1
ljkb\ hf]lvdaf6
aRg] pkfo af/]
tflnd
!%)) 300 300 200 200 200 1200 3
glthf @=
glbdf ;fO/g
k|0ffnL ;"rf? Pj+
h8fg
# 500 500 500 1500 7
r]s8\ofd Pj+
l;N6]zg 8\ofd
lgdf{0f
% 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 7500 6
glbdf ODAof+sd]G6
Pj+ :k/ lgdf{0f # 2900 6200 8400 9500 11500 38500 5
glthf #=
e"sDkaf6 Iflt
ejg k'glgdf{0f %$)) 32000 56700 45600 23450 23000 180750 10
3/x?df /]6\f] lkml6+u
ug]{ %)) 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 10000 9
ljkb\ Aoa:yfkg
tflnd hgf #))) 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 15000 8
glthf $ M
ljkb\ hf]lvd sf]if
:yfkgf - uflj; Pj+
g=kf=_
#$ 12000 3000 4500 4500 3000 27000 14
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
233
p4f/ ;DjGwL yk
hgzlQm ljsf;
tflnd
@)) 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 25000 13
cTofw'lgs pks/0f
;lxtsf] 6«df
;]G6/sf]| :yfkgf
! 2300 55000 54500 83450 83000 63560 12
hDdf 62100 134400 128400 135400 136000 596300
@(=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] k|f]kmfOn Pj+
gS;f+sg
lhlj;gkf tyf
uflj;
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;'/Iff
lgsfo
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;d'bfo,
u};;
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s]Gb| Aoj:yfkg
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sfof{no
lhlj;, /]8qm;,
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k'g:yfkgf, k'gMlgdf{0f / lgoGq0f
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nfu"
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uflj;
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;'/Iff
lgsfo
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lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
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h8fg
lhlj;, lHfk|sf lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
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lgdf{0f
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glbdf ODAof+sd]G6 Pj+ :k/
lgdf{0f
lhlj;,
hpk|lgsf tyf
lhe";+sf
lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
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lgsfo
bftfx?,
;d'bfo,
u};;
glthf #=
e"sDkaf6 Iflt ejg k'glgdf{0f
lhlj;, gkf
tyf ejg
ljefu
lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
:yfgLo
lgsfo
bftfx?,
;d'bfo,
u};;
3/x?df /]6\f] lkml6+u ul/g]
lhlj;, gkf lhlj;, /]8qm;, :yfgLo bftfx?,
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
234
tyf ejg
ljefu
;'/Iff lgsfo lgsfo ;d'bfo,
u};;
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/ e"sDKf cfpbfsf] tof/L
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lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfof{no
lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
:yfgLo
lgsfo
bftfx?,
;d'bfo,
u};;
glthf $M
ljkb\ hf]lvd sf]if :yfkgf -
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=_
:yfgLo lgsfo lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
:yfgLo
lgsfo
bftfx?,
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;d'bfo
p4f/ ;DjGwL yk hgzlQm
ljsf; tflnd
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfof{no
lhlj;, /]8qm;,
;'/Iff lgsfo
:yfgLo
lgsfo
bftfx?,
;d'bfo,
u};;
cTofw'lgs pks/0f ;lxtsf]
s]Gb| :yfkgf
lHfNnf k|zf;g
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lhlj;, /]8qm;,
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lgsfo
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@(=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] k|f]kmfOn Pj+ gS;f+sg
lh=lj=;= gkf rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lHfNnf cfkbsflng sfo{;+rfng s]Gb|
Aoj:yfkg
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ljkb\ k"j{ tof/L, k|ltsfo{, k'g:yfkgf,
k'gMlgdf{0f / lgoGq0f ;lxtsf] u'?
of]hgf tof/ / nfu"
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=,
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cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
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ljkb\ hf]lvdaf6 aRg] pkfo af/]
tflnd
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=,
u};;
rf}dfl;s Pj+
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cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
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lgsfo
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glbdf ;fO/g k|0ffnL ;"rf? Pj+ h8fg
lHfNnf k|zf;g
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lh=lj=;=
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cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
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r]s8\ofd Pj+ l;N6]zg 8\ofd lgdf{0f
lh=lj=;= tyf
lhe";+sf
rf}dfl;s Pj+
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k|ltj]bg
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lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
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glbdf ODAof+sd]G6 Pj+ :k/ lgdf{0f
lHfNnf k|zf;g
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rf}dfl;s Pj+
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sfo{no, lhlj; Pj+
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
235
lh=lj=;= cWoog, tfn's lgsfo
glthf #M
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lHfNnf k|zf;g
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lh=lj=;=
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k|ltj]bg
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ejg ljefu, lhlj;
Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
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Pj+ tfn's lgsfo
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e"sDKf cfpbfsf] tof/L ;DaGwL
tflnd ;+rfng
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glthf $M
ljkb\ hf]lvd sf]if :yfkgf - uflj;
Pj+ g=kf=_
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k|ltj]bg
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:yflgo lgsfo Pj+
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p4f/ ;DjGwL yk hgzlQm ljsf;
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lh=lj=;=
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k|ltj]bg
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u[x dGqfno Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cTofw'lgs pks/0f ;lxtsf] s]Gb|
:yfkgf
lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfo{no,
lh=lj=;=
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
237
kl/R5]b #)
;+:yfut PJ+f >f]t ljsf;
#)=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf ljs]Gb|Ls/0f / :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g k¢ltsf] ljsf;sf nflu ljut #) aif{ eGbf a9L ;do b]lv
ljleGg k|ofzx? ul/b} cfPsf 5g\ . o; qmddf /fHon] ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] dfWodjf6 ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg
hgtfnfO{ zf;g k|s[ofdf clwsflws dfqfdf ;lDdlnt x'g] cj;/ h'6fpg ljleGg k|of;x? u/LcfPsf] 5 .
h; cGtu{t lhlj;, gu/kflnsf tyf uflj;x?sf] :yfkgf tyf ljsf;sf] nflu ;|f]t tyf ;fwgsf] kl/rfng /
ljlgof]hg :yfgLo hgtf cfkm}n] ug{ ;Sg] Joa:yf u/L ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn ;Gt'lnt Pa+ ;dfg ?kdf ljt/0f
ug{ ;dfj]zL tyf ;xeflutfTds ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cuf8L ;fl/Psf] 5 . ljs]Gb|Ls/0f Pa+ :yfgLo
:jzf;gsf If]qdf /fHon] xfl;n ug{ vf]h]sf pko'{Qm nIo xfl;n ug{ :yfgLo lgsfox?, u};;x?, lghL If]q,
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?, ldl8ofx? nufot ;j} If]q ;Ifd / ;an Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; ck]lIft ?kdf x'g
cfjZos 5 .
#)=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf ljsf;;+u ;Da4 ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{ lhDd]jf/L / :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf]
lhDd]jf/Ldf bf]xf]/f]kgf /x]sf] oyf{y{nfO{ dx;'z u/L xfn cfP/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] efjgf cg';f/
ljifout sfof{nox? lhlj;sf] 5ftf leq /flv qmd; pQm lgsfox?n] ;Dkfbg ug]{ e"ldsfx?nfO{ lhlj;
cGtu{t lgIf]k0f ug]{ sfo{sf] ;d]t yfngL u/L ;s]sf] 5 . :yfgLo lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo ug]{ tyf ;+rflnt
sfo{qmdx?x?sf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug{ ;Sg] ;+:yfut Ifdtfdf cfzfltt ljsf; x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
To;} u/L u};;x?, lghL If]q, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?, ldl8ofx? nufot ;j} If]q ;Ifd / ;an Pj+ ;+:yfut
ljsf; ug{ ;/sf/L PJf+ u}/;/sf/L k|of;x? ;dGjLt ?kdf ;+rfng x'g ;s]sf] b]lvb}g .
o; lhNnfsf] ljsf; ug{ d'n ;fwg Pj+ dfWodsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ u};;x?, lghL If]q, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?,
ldl8ofx? nufotsf] ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u, ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ;]jf k|jfxsf] :t/ a[l4,
Ifdtf ljsf; ;j} If]q ;Ifd / ;an Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; of]hgf, >f]t a[l4 of]hgf, sfo{;Dkfbg Ifdtf
gful/sx?sf] ck]Iff cg'?kdf agfpg s]lx sfo{x? ePsf] 5 . tyfkL o; If]qdf of]hgfa4 ?kdf ljutdf
sfo{ ePsf] gb]lvPsf]n] o; cfjlws of]hgfdf yk Wofg lbg' kg]{ dxz'if ulx/f] u/L ;j}df ePsf] 5 .
#)=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
jl:tb]lv uflj;:t/;Dd nlIft
;d'xsf ;+hfn lj:tf/ ePsf]
;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L / lghL
;+:yfx?sf] ljsf; ePsf]
;+:yfx?df s]lx dfqfdf bIf
hgzlQm a9]sf]
;+:yfut ?kdf Aofks cfly{s
>f]t kl/rfng ePsf]
;+rf/ ;DjGwL ;+:yfx?sf]
;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf]
cfly{s ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/x?
cj;/
;fdflhs kl/jt{g / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]
yf]/} nufgLdf w]/} sfd ug{ ;lsg]
;[hgfTds sfd ug{ ;lsg]
;+:yfut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df sfd ug{
;lsg]
;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
238
lgdf{0fdf ;+:yfx? nflu k/]sf
;fd'lxs efjgfsf] ljsf; ePsf]
;xsf/L ;+:yfx? ufpF ufpFdf
v'n]sf
sdhf]/ kIf
cfly{s >f]tsf] sldsf] cj:yf
/x]sf]
cfjZostfg';f/sf] bIf
hgzlQmsf] cem} sld /x]sf]
;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sld /x]sf]
sfo{ut ;dGjodf sld /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
yk >f]t h'6fO{ kl/rfng ug]{
/fhg}lts cl:y/tfnfO{ sd ug]{
jftfj/0fLo k|lts'ntfnfO{ x6fpg]
#)=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
lHfNnfsf ;j} :yfgLo lgsfo, ;/sf/L, lghL, u};;, ;fd'bflos ;+:yf Pj+ cGo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf Pj+
>f]t ;fwgsf] klxrfg, ljsf; / kl/rfng u/L ;/n, ;'ne / k|efjsf/L ?kn] ;]jf k|jfx ePsf] x'g]5 .
#)=% p4]Zo
:yfgLo txxf] ljsf;sf] nflu :yfgLo lgsfo, ;/sf/L, lghL, u};;, ;fd'bflos ;+:yf Pj+ cGo ;+:yfx?sf]
Ifdtf ljsf; Pj+ :yfgLo >f]tsf] kl/rfngdf clea[l4 ug]{ .
#)=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M:yfgLo
txxf] ljsf;sf]
nflu :yfgLo
lgsfo, ;/sf/L,
lghL, u};;,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf Pj+ cGo
;+:yfx?sf]
Ifdtf ljsf;
Pj+ :yfgLo
>f]tsf]
kl/rfngdf
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
uflj;, g=kf= /
lhlj;sf] aflif{s
cfo a[l4 k|ltzt
@) @%
Ifdtf ljsf;
of]hgf ePsf]
uflj; Pj+ gkf
@ #$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
u};; Pj+ pBf]u afl0fHo
dxf;+3sf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
239
clea[l4 ug]{ .
glthf ! M
;/sf/L, u};;,
lghL,
;fd'bflos cflb
;+:yfsf] ;+u7g
ljfs; / >f]t
kl/rfng a[l4
ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
uflj;, g=kf= /
lhlj;sf] aflif{s
cfo a[l4 k|ltzt
@) @%
u};;sf] aflif{s
>f]t a[l4 k|ltzt
% !%
lehg Pj+ ldzg /
/0fgLlt tof/ ug]{
u};; Pj+ lghL
;+:yf -k|ltzt_
! @%
;+u7g ljsf;
cWoog / of]hgf
tof/ ePsf] uflj;
Pj+ g=kf=
@ #$
;+u7g ljsf;
cWoog / of]hgf
tof/ ePsf] u};;
;+Vof
) %)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
u};; Pj+ pBf]u afl0fHo
dxf;+3sf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
;/sf/L, u};;,
lghL,
;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] gofF
k|ljlwsf]
pkfof]u /
Ifdtfsf] :t/
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
Ifdtf ljsf;
of]hgf ePsf]
uflj; Pj+ gkf
@ #$
lhlj;sf] Ifdtf
ljsf; of]hgf
tof/
! !
u};;, lghL Pj+
ldl8of ;DjGwL
;+:yfsf] Ifdtf
ljsf; of]hgf
) !
j]e;fO6 ck8]6
x'g] u};;
#) !@)
j]e;fO6 ck8]6
x'g] ;/sf/L
sfof{no
%) *)
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf gkf /
u};; Pj+ pBf]u afl0fHo
dxf;+3sf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
240
j]e;fO6 ck8]6
x'g] uflj; Pj+
g=kf=
@ #$
#)=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;+:yfut ;'zfgsf] nflu cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|efjsf/L pkof]udf lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
;+3 ;+:yfx?df cfj4 dfgj zlQmsf] ljsf;, pkfof]u / k|efjsf/L kl/rfng ul/g]5 .
;/sf/L, u}/sf/L, lghL If]q, ldl8of If]q Pj+ cGo ;+:yfx?df ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] ljsf;sf] nflu Ifdtf
ljsf; sf]if v8f ul/g]5 .
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L If]q Pj+ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf sfo{ Ifdtf, bIftf / k|efjsf/Ltf
agfpg dfgj ;+zfwgsf] ljsf; of]hgf, Ifdtf ljsf; of]hgf Pj+ ;Lk d'ns sfo{qmdx? tof/L /
sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo ljsf; / hgtfnfO{ ;]jf k'¥ofpg] sfo{df pkef]Stf ;d"x, u}/;/sf/L ;F:yf, ;/sf/L
;F:yf / lghL If]qnfO{ ;dGjo u/L ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
cf–cfˆgf] If]qsf] ljsf; Joj:yfkgdf ;a} kIfsf] lg0f{o k|lqmofdf hgtfnfO{ ;xefuL
agfpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo of]hgf k|lt ;a} ;/f]sf/ ;d"xsf] lhDd]jf/L jf]w u/fpg ;xeflutfTds
ljsf; k|lqmofnfO{ ;F:yfut ul/g]5 .
pkef]Qmf ;d'x, ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, u}=;=;=, ;/sf/L, lghL tyf cGo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf
ljsf; ug{ / ;fembf/LnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
:yfgLo ;fwgsf] ;d'lrt ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;+t'lnt pkof]u ug]{ k|j[lQsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
hgtfdf :jfjnDjL efjgf clej[l4 ug{ :yfgLo ljsf;sf nflu :yfgLo ;Lk / k|ljlwsf]
k|of]udf a9L hf]8 lbg] / :yfgLo txdf pknAw ;Lk / k|ljlwnfO{ kl/s[t ul/+b} nlug]5 .
#)=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;= sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;, lghL, ldl8of PJf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
;+u7g ljsf; of]hgf tof/
/ cBfjlws
!)) 500 500 500 500 500 2500
1 ;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfosf]
;+u7g ljsf; sfo{qmd
;+rfng
!@) 800 2500 2500 2500 2500 10800 3
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
241
u};;, lghL, ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] ;+u7g ljsf;
sfo{qmd ;+rfng
!!) 700 2000 2000 2000 2000 8700 4
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;, ldl8of, lghL PJf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf] >f]t
cWoog, >f]t kl/rfng
of]hgf tof/ / nfu"
!)% 500 1500 1500 1500 1500 6500
2 lHfNnf, gu/ Pj+ ufpF:t/df
Ifdtf ljsf; sf]if :yfkgf #$ 700 2000 2000 2000 2000 8700
5 glthf @=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;, ldl8of, lghL PJf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
Ifdtf ljsf; of]hgf tof/
/ nfu"
!)) 800 2500 2500 2500 2500 10800
7 ;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo,
u};;, ldl8of, lghL PJf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
;"rgf k|ljlwsf] pRRftd
pkof]u sfo{qmd
!)) 1100 1700 1700 1700 1700 7900
6
hDdf 5100 12700 12700 12700 12700 55900
#)=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
lghL, ldl8of PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] ;+u7g ljsf;
of]hgf tof/
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfosf]
;+u7g ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
u};;, lghL, ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] ;+u7g ljsf;
sfo{qmd ;+rfng
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] >f]t cWoog, >f]t
kl/rfng of]hgf tof/ / nfu"
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
lHfNnf, gu/ Pj+ ufpF:t/df
Ifdtf ljsf; sf]if :yfkgf
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
lghL If]q, bftf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
242
p=jf=;+3x? ;+:yf
glthf @=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; of]hgf
tof/ / nfu"
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] ;"rgf k|ljlwsf]
pRRftd pkof]u sfo{qmd
lh=lj=;=,
u};;,
p=jf=;+3x?
:yfgLo lgsfox?,
u};;, p=jf=;+3x?
/fhg}lts bn,
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
lghL If]q, bftf
#)=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;, lghL,
ldl8of PJf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
;+u7g ljsf; of]hgf tof/
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;+u7g
ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u};;, lghL, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
;+u7g ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] >f]t cWoog, >f]t
kl/rfng of]hgf tof/ / nfu"
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lHfNnf, gu/ Pj+ ufpF:t/df Ifdtf
ljsf; sf]if :yfkgf
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @=
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; of]hgf
tof/ / nfu"
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;/sf/L, :yfgLo lgsfo, u};;,
ldl8of, lghL PJf ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] pRRftd
pkof]u sfo{qmd
u};; dxf;+3
kqsf/
dxf;+3, u};;
dxf;+3
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
243
kl/R5]b #!
;fdflhs k/lrfng
#!=! e'ldsf
;dfGotM ;dfh / kl/rfng zAb ldn]/ ;fdflhs klrfng ePsf] xf] . hxfF ;d'x / kl/rfng ug]{ sfo{ u/L
d'n'sL ljsf; ug]{ ;d'bfodf cfwf/Lt ljsf;sf] kIfsf ?kdf ;fdflhs kl/rfng ;+;f/e/ em} g]kfndf cEof;
ul/Psf] 5 / o; lhNnfdf klg . k|foM ;dfg cfjZostf ePsf ;dfg ?kn] of]ubfg lbg;Sg] / ;dfg
p4]Zo ePsf Ps csf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ efjgf ePsf tyf ;fdflhs / cfly{s pGglt ug]{ nIo lnPsf
AolQmx?sf] hdftnfO{ ;d'x elgG5 .
Ps} ef}uf]lns If]qdf a:g], Pp6} cfjZostf / p4]Zo ePsf, Ps} vfnsf] ljrf/, kl/j]z ePsf, ;dfg
z}lIfs:t/, Ps} cfly{s:t/ ePsf AolQm jf kl/jf/x?sf] ;d'xnfO{ pgLx?sf] cfly{s cj:yf ;'wf/ ug{ Pj+
;dfhsf] ljsf; ug{ pgLx?nfO{ / :yfgLo >f]tnfO{ pgLx? dfkm{t g} kl/rfng ug]{, rnfpg] jf cu|;/
u/fpg] eGg] a'lemG5 .
;fdflhs kl/rfng eg]sf] ;d'bfosf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs p4]Zo k'/f ug{ ;d'bfonfO{ g} ;d:of klxrfg, of]hgf
th'{df, sfof{Gjog, nfexfgLsf] ljt/0f / cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgdf ;xeflu u/fpg] k|lqmof jf l;4fGt xf] .
cTfM o;af6 ;d'bfosf] ljsf;df ;d'bfonfO{ kl/rfng ug{ / ;dfh Pj+ To;sf ;b:osf] ltj| ljsf; ug{
;xof]u k'Ub5 .
#!=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf klg ;d'bfosf] ljsf;df ;d'bfo g} d'n stf{ jf lhDd]jf/ x'g eGg] clek|fosf ;fy ;fdflhs
kl/rfngsf] sfo{ eO{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . of]hgf k|lqmofsf] klrfg, th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / d"Nof+sg u/L
;j} r/0fdf ;d'xnfO{ ;lqmo ;xeflu u/fpg], ;d'bfosf] cfly{s lxt ug]{, ;d'bfosf] kx'Fr-shf{, jhf/, ;]jf
s]Gb| cflbdf_ a9fpg], k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{, ;d'bfosf] ;zlQms/0f ug]{, ;j} k|sf/sf c;dfgtf x6fpg],
;d'bfosf] pBdlzntf ljsf; ug]{, ;d'bfonfO{ :jfjnDjg Pj+ cfTdlge{/ agfpg ;xof]u ug]{ cflb d'n
dfGotf lnO{ ;d'xx?nfO{ kl/rfng ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 .
lhNnfsf] ljsf; To;df klg ;d'bfosf] ljsf;df d"Vo stf{ eg]sf] ;d'x, ;d'bfo jf nlIft ju{ x'g h;sf]
;xof]uL lgsfox?sf] ?kdf k|ToIf ;xof]u ug]{ ;/sf/L Pj+ u};;x? / cGo ;d'x jf ;d'bfo /x]sf] 5g\ . yk
;xof]uLsf] e"ldsfdf lghL If]qsf ;+:yfx?, :yfgLo lgsfox? / ljb]zL bftf ;+:yf jf lgsfox? lqmoflzn
/x]sf] 5g\ .
o; lhNnfdf ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] sfo{ ubf{ d'ntM sf/f]jf/Lo ljlw / xfn ?kfGt/0f ljlwdf cfwf/Lt u/L
b'j} ljlw cEof;df /x]sf 5g\ . ?kfGt/0fLo ljlwsf] cjDjgdf d'ntM :yfgLo zf;g tyf ;d'bflos ljsf;
sfo{qmd / ;+nUg :yfgLo ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yfx? Pj+ g]i6 ;+:yf /x]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] sfo{ z'?
ubf{ :yfg jf If]q 5gf}6 ug]{, ;j]{If0f jf pQm :yfgsf] ;du| kIfsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{, nlIft If]q jf nlIft
;d'xsf] 5gf}6 ug]{, nlIft If]q jf nlIft ;d'xdf k|j]z ug]{ / cled'lvs/0f ug]{, ;d'bfo;Fu 5nkmn,
;d'bfosf] ;d:of Pj+ cfjZostf klxrfg ug]{ / ;DjGwLt sfo{qmd jf ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] cfjZostf
;d'bfonfO{ u/fO{ ;d'x u7g ug]{ sfo{ ul/cfPsf] kfOG5 .
o; lhNnfdf sl/j b'O{ xhf/ u};;x?, ;/sf/L lgsfox?, uflj;, gu/kfnLsfx? ;d]tn] ;d'x u7g u/L
;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] sfo{ eO{ cfPsf] kfOG5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
244
#!=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
jl:tb]lv uflj;:t/;Dd nlIft
;d'xsf ;ldlt PJf+ ;+hfn lj:tf/
ePsf]
;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L / lghL
;+:yfx?sf] ljsf; ePsf]
Pnlhl;l8kLsf] dfWodaf6
sf/f]jf/Lo ljlwsf] ;6\6f
?kfGt/Lo ljlwaf6 ;fdflhs
kl/rfng z'?
:yfgLo txdf cfdf ;d'x, s[ifs
;d'x, ag]sf, jrt tyf C0f
;d'x ag]sf . gu/kfnLsfdf
l6Pncf] ag]sf,
;d'xx?df Aofos dfqfdf art
kl/rfng ty C0f kl/rfng
ePsf]
;fd'bflos ;r]tgf s]Gb| -l;Pl;_
:yfkgf
x/]s j8fx?df j8f gful/s d~r
ag]sf
;j} uflj; PJ+f ;j} j8fx?df
;fdflhs klrfns /x]sf
;fd'lxs efjgfsf] ljsf; ePsf]
cj;/
;fdflhs kl/jt{g / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]
yf]/} nufgLdf w]/} sfd ug{ ;lsg]
;[hgfTds sfd ug{ ;lsg]
;+:yfut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df sfd ug{
;lsg]
sdhf]/ kIf
sdhf]/ ;d'xsf] lg/Gt/tf
clglZrt
cfly{s >f]tsf] sldsf] cj:yf
/x]sf]
;fdflhs kl/rfnssf] :yfloTj
clglZrt
Ps k6s ;xof]u ug]{ u};;sf]
lgoldt ;xof]u gx'g]
;d'xx?sf] ljwfg gePsf]
;d'x ;b:ox? cfkm} ;d'x
lg/Gt/ ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] ul/
Ifdtf ljsf; gePsf]
;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sld /x]sf]
sfo{ut ;dGjodf sld /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
yk >f]t h'6fO{ kl/rfng ug]{
/fhg}lts ;+nUgtf 36fpg]
:jb]lz >f]t dfq kl/rfng ug]{
cl:y/tfnfO{ sd ug]{
;d'xx? :yfgLo lgsfon] cfkm} :jfldTj
lnO{ lg/Gt/ ;xof]u ug]{
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
245
#!=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
lHfNnfaf;Lx?sf] ;zlQms/0f / ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] k|s[of dfkm{t lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] tyf pko'Qm
;]jf cfk"lt{sf] a[l4 u/L hghLjgdf pNn]vlgo ;'wf/ cfPsf] x'g]5 .
#!=% p4]Zo
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?, ;d'bfodf cfwf/Lt ;d'xx?sf] ;zlQms/0f, cfly{s ;fdflhs pTyfg Pj+ ?kfGt/0fsf]
dfWodaf6 lHfNnfsf gful/sx?sf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf pNn]vlgo ;'wf/ ug]{ / ;dfhdf /x]sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs,
;+/rgfut Pj+ ;f+:s[lts cj/f]wx? x6fpg] .
#!=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!=;fdflhs kl/rfng
;DjGwL If]q
p4]Zo M ;fd'bflos ;+:yf
Pj+ ;d'xx?sf] ;zlQms/0f,
cfly{s ;fdflhs pTyfg
Pj+ ?kfGt/0fsf] dfWodaf6
lHfNnfsf gful/sx?sf]
lhljsf]kfh{gdf pNn]vlgo
;'wf/ ug]{ / ;dfhdf /x]sf]
cfly{s, ;fdflhs,
;+/rgfut Pj+ ;f+:s[lts
cj/f]wx? x6fpg] .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
;d'x of]hgf
agfPsf ;d'x
k|ltzt
!) %)
gful/s ;r]tgf
s]Gb|
*( *(
j8f gful/s d~r $@) $@)
–lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf
gkf / kf]v/f
pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/j
fnf jLr
;fem]bf/L
/
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf !=;d'x kl/rfngdf
u'0f:t/Lo a[l4 eO{ nlIft
;d'bfonfO{ kl/rfng u/L
pgLx?sf cfjZostf
klxrfg / sfof{Gjodf
;xhLs/0f ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
:yfgLo lgsfodf
dfu k]z ug]{ ;d'x
k|ltzt
!) $)
;d'x of]hgf
agfPsf ;d'x
k|ltzt
!) %)
–lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf
gkf / kf]v/f
pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/j
fnf jLr
;fem]bf/L
/
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
246
glthfM@=?kfGt/0fLo
;fdflhs kl/rfngdf
u'0f:t/Lo a[l4 eO{
;+/rgfTds cj/f]wx?df
sld cfPsf] PJ+f ;d'xsf]
;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
j8f gful/s
d~r
$@) #*%
gful/s
;r]tgf s]Gb|
*( *(
cfkm\g} ljwfg
ePsf ;d'x
k|ltzt
@ @%
;d'x k|jw{g
ug]{ ;+:yfx?
%^ ()
–lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf
gkf / kf]v/f
pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/j
fnf jLr
;fem]bf/L
/
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf#=;fdflhs
kl/rfngaf6 ;d'bfosf
nlIft ju{ :jt:km't{ ?kdf
kl/rfng eO{ ;]jf k|jfx
Pj+ gful/sx?sf]
hLjg:t/df pNn]vlgo
a[l4 ePsf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf]
ljj/0f
xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIf
;d'x ;+Vof @%%) #!))
;d'x jrt ?-
s/f]8_
^% (%
;d'xdf
nufgL ?-
s/f]8_
^$ ($
n3' pBd ug]{
;d'x k|ltzt
!) @)
–lhlj;sf]
;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf
gkf / kf]v/f
pkTsf gu/
ljsf; ;ldltsf]
sfo{fnosf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/j
fnf jLr
;fem]bf/L
/
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
#!=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
:YffgLo lgsfosf] ;j} j8fx?df j8f gful/s d~r / ;j} 6f]n j:tLx?df gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|
:yfkgf u/L gful/sx?sf] ;zlQms/0f u/L ljsf; of]hgfdf kx'Fr clea[l4 ul/g]5 .
;fdflhs ljsf; sfo{sf] nflu of]hgf 5gf}6, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgsf] ;fy} ljsf;
k|of;df :jfldTj u|x0f / lbuf]kgfdf gful/sx?sf] ;fdflhs kl/rfng dfkm{t ;xeflutf a9fOg]5 .
;/sf/L u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] n}+lus pQ/bfloTj, of]hgf th'{df th'{df, sfof{Gjog / cg'udg ub}{
gful/sx?nfO{ ;';"lrt u/fOg]5 .
;fdflhs kl/rfngnfO{ Plss[t Pj+ ;dGjofTds ?kdf cufl9 a9fOg] Pj+ ;fdflhs kl/rfngdf
;+nUg ;+:yfx?aLrsf] ;dGjo yk k|efjsf/L agfOg] 5 .
;fdflhs kl/rfngdf of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, cfly{s ljsf;, sf/f]jf/Lo ljlw Pj+ ?kfGt/Lo ljlw
;d]tnfO{ Plss[t Pj+ k[ys ?kdf klg ckgfpg ;lsg] Aoj:yf sfod} ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
247
#!=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;=
sfo{qmd tyf
lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
;d'xx?nfO{ Ifdtf ljsf;
tflnd
%))
hgf 1500 11500 11550 11600 11650 47800
2 of]hgf th'{df Pj+
sfof{Gjog tfnLd
%))
hgf 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 9000
3 ;fdflhs ;dfj[zLs/0f
sfo{s|d 1200 1550 1630 1660 1870 7910
1 jfnd}qL :yflgo ;fzg,
jftfj/0f dPqL :yflgo
;fzg, n}lus ;dtf,
;fdflhs lje]b, jfn
tyf dlxnf lx+;f, dfgj
clwsf/, :jf:y cflb
If]qdf hgr]tgf d'ns
tflnd tyf cleofg
;+rfng
13200 13250 13410 13550 12554 65964
5 gful/s clwsf/ pkof]u
tyf st{Ao kfngf
cleofg ;+rfng
!)
k6s 500 700 1240 1350 1430 5220
4 j8f gful/s d~rss
;b:ox?nfO ;zlQms/0f
sfo{s|d
2000 2200 2500 2900 3100 12700 7
:yflgo ;]jf k|bfos
kl/rfng 11200 21350 21421 22320 32100 108391
6 g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd %))
hgf 1600 1850 1950 1850 2150 9400
9 Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd %))
hgf 12500 12950 13150 13250 13450 65300
8 ;d'x ljwfg tof/ / btf{
cleofg
@%)
;d'x 500 650 650 650 650 3100
12 cfod'ns sfo{qmd
;+rfng
*))
j6f 14500 76500 95000 91500 93500 371000
11 ICT :jod ;]js
kl/rfng 530 650 700 750 775 3405
13
hDdf 60630 144750 165001 163380 175429 709190
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
248
#!=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
;d'xx?nfO{ ljleGg lgsfodf
dfu /fVg] Ifdtf ljsf;
:yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
of]hgf th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog
tfnLd
:yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
j8f gful/s d~rsf] a}7s
lgoldt ;+rfng
:yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
glthf @=
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd :yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd :yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
;d'x ljwfg tof/ / btf{
cleofg
:yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
glthf #=
jrt kl/rfng :yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
C0f nufgL :yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
cfod'ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng :yfgLo
lgsfo
u};;, ;fd'bflos
;+:yf
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo
#!=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
;d'xx?nfO{ ljleGg lgsfodf dfu
/fVg] Ifdtf ljsf;
u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
of]hgf th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog tfnLd u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
j8f gful/s d~rsf] a}7s lgoldt
;+rfng
u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @=
g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
249
lgsfo cWoog,
Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;d'x ljwfg tof/ / btf{ cleofg u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #=
jrt kl/rfng u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
C0f nufgL u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfod'ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng u};; dxf;+3,
:yfgLo
lgsfo
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
250
kl/R5]b #@
;'zf;g
#@=! e'ldsf
xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf g]kfn /fHon] ;'zf;g sfod ug]{ bfloTj lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ u/L /fHosf] bfloTj Pj+ lgz]{zs
l;4fGtsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6\;+3Lo dxf;GwLnfO{ x:tfIf/ ul/ ;f]
cg'?kd sfo{of]hgf, /0fgLlt tof/ / sfof{Gjog ub}{ k|ltj]bg ub}{ cfPsf] klg 5 . x]nf] ;/sf/, /fli6\o
;ts{tf s]Gb|, clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, ;DklQ z'l4s/0f P]g Pj+ ljefu, /fhZj r'jfx6 lgoGq0f
P]g Pj+ ljefu, cbfnt, ljz]if cbfnt cflb lgsfox?sf] :yfkgf klg ePsf 5g\ . e|i6frf/ lgjf/0f P]g
@)%(, ;'zf;g sfo{of]hgf #)^*, e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] tTsfn /fxt sfo{qmd Pj+ sfo{o]fhgf, ;'zf;g P]g
@)^$, s]Gb| b]lv lHfNnf;Dd cg'udg ;ldltx?, ahf/ cg'udgsf] Aoj:yf, pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f P]g, @)%$,
^ j6f ljefudf Ifltk"lt{ ;lxtsf] gful/s j8fkq, @)@& kl5sf dGqLkl/ifbsf lg0f{o ;+/If0f, sd{rf/L c?sf]
cfrf/ ;+lxtf, cfr/0f ;DjGwL k|fjwfg, sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ tfnLd Pj+ ;dofg's'n tna a[l4, ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{
Pj+ ;fj{hlgs kl/If0f sfo{ljlw cflb ;d]tsf] Aoj:yf ;lxt Goflos / lgu/fgL ;lqmotf ;/sf/af6 a9fOPsf]
kfOG5 . t/ Gofono, ;]gf, lghL If]q, u}/;/sf/L If]q, ;fd'bflos If]q, dGqLkl/ifbsf lg0f{o cflb e|i6frf/
lgoGq0fsf] Goflos lgu/fgLsf] If]q aflx/ /x]sf]n] 7"nf] e|i6frf/ x'g] If]q cem} cg';Gwfg / lgu/fgL jflx/
/x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf klg ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ :df6{ sfof{no, d':sfg ;lxtsf] ;]jf, gd'gf sfof{no, sfof{no ;dosf]
lj:tf/, l56f] Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf k|jfx, e|i6frf/ lj?4 z'Go ;xglzntf h:tf Aoj:yf ;lxt lHfNnfdf ;]jf
k|jfxnfO{ ;]jfu|flxd}qL Pj+ ;'zf;gsf] cg'e'tL ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf l;h{gf ug{ of] of]hgf s]lGb|t x'g]5 .
#@=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
lHfNnf txdf ;'zf;g sfod ug{ ;/sf/, lghLIf]q, u};;x?, gful/s ;dfh, ;d'bfo Pj+ :yfgLo lgsfox?aLr
;xsfo{ / ;dGjo x'g yfn]sf] 5 . clgoldttf lj?4 ;]jfu|flx Pj+ kqklqsf / /]l8of]x?n] ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs
ug]{ Pj+ bjfj lbg] sfo{ klg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . lgu/fgL /fVg] lgsfox?sf] o; lHfNnfdf ;lqmotf a9]sf] .
e\i6frf/ ePdf lguf/fgL ug]{ lgsfodf ph'/L ug]{ ;+:s[lt a9]sf], obfsbf /fhg}lts bn Pj+ sd{rf/Lx?af6
XjL;n Anf]O+u ub}{ ;"rgf t];|f] kIfnfO{ lbg] Pj+ ph'/L ;d]t ug]{ k|rng a9]sf] 5 . tyflk ;]jf k|jfx :yfgLo
gful/sn] ck]Iff u/] cg'?k ;/n, sd vlr{nf] x'g g;s]sf], k/Dk/fut ?kdf ;]jf k|jfx nfO{ cgnfOgdf
cfw/Lt agfpg g;lsPsf], ;]jf lng ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfn] yk d"No jf gh/fgf lbg'kg]{ u/]sf] s'/f :od
;]jfu|flxaf6 cfpg] ;d]t u/]sf] :yfgLo lgsfosf ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ Pj+ ;ldIffsf qmddf b]lvPsf] 5 .
lHfNnf cbfnt Pj+ :yfgLo ;fd'bflos d]nldnfk s]Gb|, kf/fudg ;ldlt, uflj; Pj+ gu/kfnLsf, k|x/L
sfof{no h:tf Goflos Pj+ cw{Goflos lgsfoaf6 x'g] Gofo k|0ffnLnfO{ klg qmdz ;'wf/ ub}{ nluPsf] b]lvG5,
t/klg Toxf ;'wf/sf] k|;:t u'Ghfo; cfjZos 5 . ljsf; of]hgfdf kf/blz{tf Pj+ pQ/bfloTj /
u'0f:t/Lotf a[l4 u/L d'b|fsf] d"No l;4fGtnfO{ k|jw{g ug{ ;d]t cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
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;jnkIf
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glthfd'lv / ;'zf;gd'lv agfpg] .
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
253
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
254
lg0f{o, sfo{qmd /
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a9]sf] x'g]5 .
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ljsf;df Pj+ ljsf; k|of;df ;+NfUg ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, lghL, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx? dfkm{t :yfgLo
;Lk, ;fwg Pj+ k|ljlwsf] ljsf;, pkof]u / lj:tf/ ug{ al9 hf]8 lbOg]5 .
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L Pj+ lghL If]q / pkef]Qmf ;d'xx?nfO{ gful/s tyf ;]jf hjfkmb]lx Pj+
;bfrf/o'Qm agfpb} nlug]5 .
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ul/g]5 .
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yk k|of; ul/g]5 .
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lgjf{xdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
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;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;xofqfnfO{ glthfd'lv Pj+ kl/0ffdd'lv agfpg yk hf]8 lbOg]5 .
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u/fO{ ljsf;df ;j}sf] lhDd]jf/L, lx:;]bf/L Pj+ clwsf/ / st{Ao :yflkt ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
255
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5 ;'rgfsf] xs ;DaGwdf
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#@=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
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sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
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lgsfo
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
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dxf;+3
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;+:yfx?
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tyf u};;
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lgsfo
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cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
257
kl/R5]b ##
;fd'bflos tyf u};;/sf/L tyf gful/s ;dfh
##=! e'ldsf
xfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] lgodg / k|efjsf/L kl/rfng ug]{ eGg] /fHosf] gLlt /xg] Aoj:yf
u/]sf] 5 . Living Together, Thinking Together, Working Together, Serving
Together eGg] dd{sf ;fy :od;]lj efjgfsf ;fy u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx? :yfkgf / ;+rfng
ePsf x'G5g\ . ;fy} lo ;+:yf ;lxt lghL, wfld{s cGo ;+:yfx? ;d]tsf] Plss[t ;dfh, hf] ;dfh PJ+f
/fHonfO{ g} ;fdflhs lxt Pj+ d'n'ls lxtsf vflt/ k}/jL, ;s/fTds bjfj lbO{ kl/jt{gsf/L d"ldsf v]N5 Tof]
g} gful/s ;dfh xf] . t;y{ ;du|df ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh Pj+ /fli6\o tyf cGt//fli6\o
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ljsf;sf] ;fem]bf/, ;+jfxs PJf+ cy{tGqsf] ljsf;sf] t];|f] If]q klg elgG5 . g]kfn
;/s/fn] ;dfh sNof0f P]g @)$( / ;+:yf btf{ P]g @)#$, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% hf/L u/L o;
If]q Pj+ b]ze/sf @%) cGt//fli6\o u};; / sl/j #& xhf/ u};;nfO{ kl/rfng, o;;Fu ;fe]mbf/L Pj+
k|jw{gsf/L sfo{ ;/sf/ Pj+ :yfgLo lgsfox?n] ub{} cfPsf] 5g\ . dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf dGqfnodf
cGt/dGqfnout u};; kl/rfng ;xhLs/0f ;ldlt klg lqmoflzn /x]sf], o; qmddf cGt//fli6\o u};;x?sf]
kl/of]hgf ;xlhs/0f sfo{ljlw, @)&) sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] klg 5 .
o; lhNnfdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, u};; Pj+ gful/s ;dfh kl/rfng ;DjGwdf gLlt Pj+ sfo{qmd th'{df
sfo{nfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg, oL ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g, ;fdflhs lhDdj]jf/L k|jw{g, ljsf;
k|of;df ;fdflhs Pj+ cfly{s k"jf{wf/ tkm{ dfq xf]Og cfjZostfg';f/ ef}lts k"jf{wf/tkm{ klg kl/rfng Pj+
;xofqf ug]{tkm{ of] of]hgfn] Wofg k'/\ofpg] Wo]o /fv]sf] 5 .
##=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yf, u};; Pj+ gful/s ;dfh kl/rfng ;DjGwdf gLlt Pj+ jflif{s sfo{qmd th'{df
/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . lo ;+:yfx?sf] btf{ Pj+ gljs/0f l;kmf/L; / cfjZostf cg';f/ sfo{qmdx?sf]
;dGjo Pj+ cg'udg lhlj;af6 ug]{ / ltgsf] btf{ Pj+ gljs/0f / lgodg o;} lHfNnfsf] lHfNnf k|zf;g
sfof{noaf6 x'b} cfPsf] 5 . j}blzs ;xfotf kl/rfng ug]{ u};;x?sf] ;xhLs/0f Pj+ cg'udg ug{ :yfgLo
ljsf; clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lHfNnf kl/of]hgf d'Nof+sg Pj+ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ ;ldlt klg lqmoflzn /x]sf] 5
. lhlj; Pj+ gu/kfnLsfdf ;fdflhs ljsf; zfvf g} :yfkgf ul/ u};;x?sf] ;dGjo ug]{ 8]:s jf OsfO{sf]
?kdf sfo{x? eO{ cfPsf] klg 5 .
u};; kl/rfng sfo{ljlw k|efjsf/L ?kdf Aoj:yfkg, cfrf/ ;+lxtf lgdf{0f / nfu" ug]{, tL ;+:yfsf ah]6 Pj+
sfo{qmdsf] kf/blz{tf / yk pQ/bfloTj ;+oGq tof/, kf/Ljf/Ls ;+/rgfaf6 nf]stflGqs Pj+ ;d'bfodf
cfwf/Lt ;+:yfsf] ?kdf ?kdfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ ;s/fTds tof/Lx? ug'{kg]{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?af6 dxz'if klg x'g
yfn]sf] 5 .
##=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
u};;x?s]f ;+Vof al9/x]sf]
gful/sx?df ;r]tgf, clwsf/
af/] k}/jL a9]sf]
u};;af6 ;dflhs kl/rfng,
;fdflhs kl/jt{g, cfly{s :t/ /
Ifdtf ljsf;df nlIft ju{
cj;/
;fdflhs kl/jt{g / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]
;fdflhs s'/Llt, e]befj x6fpg] ;xh
x'g]
;[hgfTds sfd ug{ ;lsg]
;+:yfut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df sfd ug{
;lsg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
258
nfeflGjt ePsf
jl:tb]lv uflj;:t/;Dd nlIft
;d'xsf ;+hfn / ;d'xx? lj:tf/
ePsf]
;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L / lghL
;+:yfx?sf] ;dGjo ljsf; ePsf]
cfly{s ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/x?
lgdf{0fdf ;+:yfx? nflu k/]sf
;fd'lxs efjgfsf] ljsf; ePsf]
sdhf]/ kIf
cfly{s >f]tsf] sldsf] cj:yf
/x]sf]
cfjZostfg';f/sf] bIf
hgzlQmsf] cem} sld /x]sf]
;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sld /x]sf]
sfo{ut ;dGjodf sld /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
yk >f]t h'6fO{ kl/rfng ug]{
/fhg}lts ;+nUgtf sd ug]{
u};;x?sf] ;'zf;g / kf/blz{tf a9fpg]
u};;sf] ah]6 :yfgLo lgsfosf] jflif{s
of]hgfdf ;dfj]z x'g]
sfo{df ;dGjo sfod ug]{
sfo{df bf]xf]/f]kgf x6fpg]
u};;x?sf] gful/s / :yfgLo lgsfo
k|lt pQ/bfloTj a9fpg]
##=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
/fli6\o tyf cGt//fli6\o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx? / gful/s ;dfhsf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;'zfl;t
tyf kf/blz{ agfpb} lhNnfsf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] nflu pQm ;+:yfx?nfO{ e/kbf]{ ;fe]mbf/sf] ?kdf
:yflkt ul/Psf] x'g]5 .
##=% p4]Zo
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf ;fd'bflos If]qsf sfo{qmdx?df ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / cGt/;DaGwsf] ljsf; u/L
:yfgLo txsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ef}lts / ;f+:s[lts ljsf;df gful/s ;dfh Pj+ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf]
e"ldsfnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
##=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
;/sf/L,
u}/;/sf/L tyf
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lhNNff:t/sf]
gful/s ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f, k'g/u7g /
! !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–u};; dxf;+3, sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
259
;fd'bflos
If]qsf
sfo{qmdx?df
;dGjo,
;xsfo{ /
cGt/;DaGwsf]
ljsf; u/L
:yfgLo txsf]
;fdflhs,
cfly{s, ef}lts
/ ;f+:s[lts
ljsf;df
gful/s ;dfh
Pj+ u}/;/sf/L
;+:yfx?sf]
e"ldsfnfO{ yk
k|efjsf/L
agfpg] .
kl/rfng
lHfNnf:t/Lo u};;
kl/rfng lgb]{lzsf
cBfjlws Pj+ nfu"
! !
glthf ! M
:yfgLo
lgsfox?df
u};; 8]:s
;lxt lhNnfe/
u};;x?sf]
k|efjsf/L
kl/rfng ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
u};; 8]:s tf]Sg]
uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
;+Vof
) #$
u};; 8]:s tf]Sg]
lhlj; ;+Vof
! !
u};;sf] lHfNnf
k|f]kmfOn
! !
lHfNnf:t/Lo u};;
kl/rfng lgb]{lzsf
cBfjlws Pj+ nfu"
! !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–u};; dxf;+3, sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
u};;,
;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] ;]jf
k|efjxdf
k|efjsfl/tf
a9]sf] x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
u};;x?sf] uflj;,
g=kf= / lHfNnf:t/
jlu{s/0f
) !
u};;x?sf] tYof+s,
k|ult, cfoAoo
cgnfOg k4ltdf
/fVg] ;km\6j]o/
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–u};; dxf;+3, sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
260
ljsf; / nfu"
u};;x?sf] jlu{s[t
?kdf ;+o'Qm
cg'udg ug]{
! %
glthf # M
gful/s
;dfhsf]
lgu/fgL Ifdtf
/ cEof;df
ljsf; ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lhNNff:t/sf]
gful/s ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f, k'g/u7g /
kl/rfng
! !
ufpF Pj+ gu/
:t/sf] ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f
! #$
gful/s ;dfhdf
;DnUgnfO{
lgu/fgL Ifdtf Pj+
;s/fTds zf]r
tflnd
) !)
gful/s ;dfhsf]
sfo{ clen]v
;lxtsf] k|f]kmfOn
tof/ /
;fj{hlglss/0f
) %
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–u};; dxf;+3, sf]
jflif{s k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
##=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
:yfgLo lgsfox?df u};; 8]:s :yfkgf u/L u};;x?sf] Aoj:yfkg, kl/rfng, cg'udg / glthfd'lv
d"Nof+sg ug]{ k4ltsf] ljsf;df yk ;jnLs/0f ul/g]5 .
u};;x?sf] jflif{s sfo{qmdx? :yfgLo lgsfodf k]z ul/ Ps 4f/ k|0ffnLaf6 ;dGjofTds ?kdf
sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
u};;x?n] gful/s ;dfh, ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;xeflutfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf
;fdlhs kl/If0f, ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{, ;fj{hlgs kl/If0f Pj+ n}lus kl/If0f ug]{ kl/kfl6 nfu" ul/g]5 .
lhNnfsf] ;Dk"0f{ u};;x?nfO{ u};; dxf;+3df cfj4 u/fO{ lhNnfsf] cfjZostf / ;jfnsf] cfwf/df
of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ tkm{ pGd'v u/fOg]5 .
lhNnfdf sfo{/t u};;x?sf] jlu{s/0f ul/ cg nfOg ;]jf k|jfx k|0ffnLdf n}hfg k|]l/t ul/g]5 .
u};; Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf] ;kmn sfo{, cg's/0fLo sfo{x?sf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f, k'/:sf/ / sfo{sf]
k|rf/ k|;f/ ul/g]5 .
u};; Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf] 8f6fj]; Pj+ j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f cBfjlws ub}{ nlug]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
261
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L Pj+ lghL If]qsf sfo{x?sf] gful/s ;dfh Pj+ kqsf/x?sf] lgu/fgL a9fpg]
Aoj:yf ul/g]5 .
##=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;= sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
uflj;df u};; 8]:s Aoj:yfkg 650 650 658 750 850 3558 6 g=kf= / lh=lj=;= df u};;
8]:ssf] Aoj:yfkg
500 500 500 500 500 2500 7 u};;sf] lHfNnf k|f]kmfOn tof/ 450 525 975 5 lHfNnf:t/Lo u};; kl/rfng
lgb]{lzsf cBfjlws Pj+ nfu"
300 250 550 2 glthf @=
u};;x?sf] uflj;, g=kf= /
lHfNnf:t/ jlu{s/0f
200 250 450 1 u};;x?sf] tYof+s, k|ult,
cfoAoo cgnfOg k4ltdf /fVg]
;km\6j]o/ ljsf; / nfu"
500 2450 2400 2400 2500 10250 4 u};;x?sf] jlu{s[t ?kdf ;+o'Qm
cg'udg
1200 2500 2500 2500 2500 11200 3 glthf #=
lhNNff:t/sf] gful/s ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f, k'g/u7g / kl/rfng
1350 2350 2350 2350 2350 10750 8 ufpF Pj+ gu/ :t/sf] gful/s
;d'xu7g, ;Ghfn lgdf{0f,
kl/rfng
1220 3350 3500 4550 4550 17170 9 gful/s ;dfhdf ;DnUgnfO{
lgu/fgL Ifdtf Pj+ ;s/fTds
zf]r tflnd
1640 2650 2710 2730 2750 12480 11 gful/s ;dfhsf] sfo{ clen]v
;lxtsf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ /
;fj{hlglss/0f
560 560 10
hDdf 7360 3850 4603 3730 3200 70443
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
262
#$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
uflj;df u};; 8]:s Aoj:yfkg
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
g=kf= / lh=lj=;= df u};;
8]:ssf] Aoj:yfkg
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u};;sf] lHfNnf k|f]kmfOn tof/
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
lHfNnf:t/Lo u};; kl/rfng
lgb]{lzsf cBfjlws Pj+ nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf @=
u};;x?sf] uflj;, g=kf= /
lHfNnf:t/ jlu{s/0f
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u};;x?sf] tYof+s, k|ult,
cfoAoo cgnfOg k4ltdf /fVg]
;km\6j]o/ ljsf; / nfu"
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
u};;x?sf] jlu{s[t ?kdf ;+o'Qm
cg'udg
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
glthf #=
lhNNff:t/sf] gful/s ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f, k'g/u7g / kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
ufpF Pj+ gu/ :t/sf] ;Ghfn
lgdf{0f, kl/rfng
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gful/s ;dfhdf ;DnUgnfO{
lgu/fgL Ifdtf Pj+ ;s/fTds
zf]r tflnd
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
gful/s ;dfhsf] sfo{ clen]v
;lxtsf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ /
;fj{hlglss/0f
:yfgLo lgsfo u};;, ;d'bfo,
gful/s ;dfh
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
bftf, lghL If]q,
:yfgLo lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
263
#$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
uflj;df u};; 8]:s Aoj:yfkg
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
g=kf= / lh=lj=;= df u};; 8]:ssf]
Aoj:yfkg
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u};;sf] lHfNnf k|f]kmfOn tof/
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lHfNnf:t/Lo u};; kl/rfng lgb]{lzsf
cBfjlws Pj+ nfu"
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
uflj;df u};; 8]:s Aoj:yfkg
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf @ M
u};;x?sf] uflj;, g=kf= / lHfNnf:t/
jlu{s/0f
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u};;x?sf] tYof+s, k|ult, cfoAoo
cgnfOg k4ltdf /fVg] ;km\6j]o/
ljsf; / nfu"
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u};;x?sf] jlu{s[t ?kdf ;+o'Qm
cg'udg
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf # M
lhNNff:t/sf] gful/s ;Ghfn lgdf{0f,
k'g/u7g / kl/rfng
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ufpF Pj+ gu/ :t/sf] ;Ghfn lgdf{0f,
kl/rfng
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
264
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
cWoog,
gful/s ;dfhdf ;DnUgnfO{ lgu/fgL
Ifdtf Pj+ ;s/fTds zf]r tflnd
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gful/s ;dfhsf] sfo{ clen]v
;lxtsf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ /
;fj{hlglss/0f
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
lhNNff:t/sf] gful/s ;Ghfn lgdf{0f,
k'g/u7g / kl/rfng
u};; dxf;+3,
gful/s
;dfhsf]
;Ghfn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
265
kl/R5]b #$
dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;
#$=! e'ldsf
dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; Psftkm{ ;fWo xf] elg csf]{tkm{ of] cfkm}df yk ljsf;sf] nflu c? pknAw >f]tx?nfO{
kl/rfng ug]{ dxQd ;fwg klg xf] . g]kfndf cf}ift cfo' ^(=! / cf}ift ;fIf/tf ^%=( k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .
/ ;lqmo hgzlQm %& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf sl/j @^^ nfv hg;+Vof dWo] %@=% k|ltzt dlxnf 5g\,
hg;+Vof a[l4b/ !=#% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5, aflif{s $ nfv gofF >lds jhf/df cfp5g / sl/j !% ;o b}lgs
ljb]z sfdsf] vf]lhdf hfg] u/]sf] klg 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] dfgj ;+zfwgsf] ljsf;sf] nflu dfWoflds
tx;Dd lgz'Ns lzIffsf] cjwf/0ff Pj+ rfln; yl/sf cf}iflw lgz'Ns ljt/0f klg u/]sf] 5 . t/ dlxnf,
blnt, hghflt, dw]lz, d'l:nd, lk58fju{, ul/j, dhb'/, ;'s'Djf;L cflbsf] ;d'lrt dfgljo ljsf; gePsf]
sf/0fn] d'n'ssf] dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;n] ck]lIft ult lng ;s]sf] 5}g .
o; lHfNnfdf klg /fli6\o cf}ift eGbf cf}ift cfo' Pj+ ;fIf/tf s]lx dfq al9 eP klg dlxnf, blnt, hghflt,
dw]lz, d'l:nd, lk58fju{, ul/j, dhb'/, ;'s'Djf;L cflbsf] ;d'lrt dfgljo ljsf; gePsf] ;Gbe{df dfgj
;+zfwgsf] ljsf;, ltlgx?sf] pkof]u, clen]lvs/0f ;lxt dfjg ;+zfwg ljsf;sf] lglDt of] of]hgf agfOPsf]
xf] .
#$=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
7'nf] ;+Vofdf o; lHfNnfaf6 o'jfx? ljb]zLg] u/]sf] 5 . To:t} dlxnf, blnt, hghflt, d'l:nd, lk58fju{,
ul/j, dhb'/, ;'s'Djf;L cflbsf] ;d'lrt dfgljo ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lo ju{ afx]s cGo ju{ Pj+
hgtfx?sf] dfgljo ljsf; ;s/fTds lx;fjn] cufl9 a9]sf] 5, tyflk kof{Kt eg] ePsf] 5}g g} .
#$=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
lzlIft hg;+Vof a9]sf]
k|fljlws hgzlQm a9]sf]
If]ut ljifodf k|lzIfs x? tof/
kf]if0f lzIff a9]sf]
cf}ift cfo' / ;fIf/tf a9]sf]
;Lk ljsf;df 3/]n', l;k ljsf; s]Gb|,
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x?, k|fljlw lzIffnox?, lhlj;,
uflj;, ljifout sfof{nox?, lghL If]q, u};;
cflbaf6 sfo{ x'g] u/]sf]
ljleGg ljifodf Ifdtf ljsf; / ;r]tgf
ljsf;sf tfnLd ;+rfng / tfnLd k|fKt
hg;+Vof a9]sf]
;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L / lghL ;+:yfx?sf]
ljsf; ePsf]
;+:yfx?df s]lx dfqfdf bIf hgzlQm a9]sf]
;+:yfut ?kdf Aofks cfly{s >f]t kl/rfng
cj;/
ljb]zaf6 cfPsfx?df cfw'lgs sfo{ cg'ej / 1fg
a9\g]
k|ljlws lzIff / tfnLd k|fKt hgzlQm a9\g ;Sg]
;fdflhs kl/jt{g / ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]
;[hgfTds Ifdtf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg]
/f]huf/ hg;+Vof / Ifdtf Pj+ 1fgo'Qm dfgj>f]tsf]
k|r'/ ljsf; x'g ;Sg]
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
266
ePsf
dfgj>f]tdf ;"rgf k|ljlw, ljb]zsf] cg'ej
;d]t a9sf]
b]zleq ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L, lghL /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/ l;h{gf ePsf]
sl/j %) k|ltzt 3/w'/Laf6 ljb]z /f]huf/Ldf
uPsf
sdhf]/ kIf
a}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 dlxnf / k'?if lkl8t
ePsf
:jb]zdf /f]huf/L sf cj;/ l;ldt ePsf],
gftfafb tyf s[kfafb
:j/f]huf/Lsf nflu o'jfx? zx/ jf ljb]z
knfog
lhNnfsf bIf hgzlQm lab]z knfog
ufpFdf a[4, afnaflnsf / c;Qm dlxnf
dfqsf] afx'Notf /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
zfl//Ls ?kdf :j:y, 1fgsf] lx;fjdf lzIfLt
hg;+Vof pNn]Vo ?kdf a9fpg]
:jb]zdf :j/f]huf/ a9fpg]
a}b]lzs /f]huf/LnfO{ dof{lbt, ;'/lIft / Aojl:yt
ug]{
clt ef]s, clt ul/jLaf6 d'Qm ;dfh lgdf{0fdf 6]jf
k'/\ofpg]
#$=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
/fli6\o Pj+ cGt/fli6\o Pj+ :yfgLo :t/sf] nflu Ifdtfjfg, ;Ifd, k|efjsf/L tyf glthfd'lv / k|lt:klw{ bIf
hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ePsf] x'g]5 .
#$=% p4]Zo
lhNnfsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos bIf hgzlQm tof/ / pkof]u ug]{ .
#$=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= ;DjGwL
If]q
p4]ZoM
lhNnfsf] ;du|
ljsf;sf] nflu
cfjZos bIf
hgzlQm tof/
/ pkof]u ug]{
.
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lhNnfdf /xsf
hgzlQmsf] /f]i6/
tof/
) !
lhNnfdf pknAw
hgzlQm kl/rfng
of]hgf
) !
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
Pj+ lhNnf tYof+s
sfof{no / u};;sf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
267
glthf ! M
lhNnfsf]
ljsf;sf] nflu
cfjZos bIf
hgzQmLsf]
pTkfbg tyf
pknAw ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
:jf:Yo lzIff k|fKt !^(^ !()
)
OlGhlgo/ ;+Vof !#*$ !^)
)
k|f]km];/ %@ *)
ljkb\sf] ;dodf
p2f/ ug{ ;Sg]
tflnd k|fKt bIf
hgzlQm -hgf_
@) @))
of]hgf ljb -zx/L
of]hgf, If]lqo
of]hgf, cfjlws
of]hgf, ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ of]hgf,
;+u7g ;'b[l9s/0f
tyf ljsf;
of]hgf_
% !%
sfo{/t s[lif
ljz]if1
!* #@
–lhlj;sf] k|f]kmfOn
Pj+ lhNnf tYof+s
sfof{no / u};;sf]
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
#$=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?df k|efjsf/L sfo{ ;+kfbg ug{sf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/
Ifdtf ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
;Dk"0f{ ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf k|efjsf/Ltf Nofpg cfw'lgs
k|ljlwx?sf] kx'Frdf a[l4 ub}{ ;+nUg sd{rf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] j]e;fO{6sf] Aoj:yf ul/ gful/sx?nfO{ ;"rgfdf kx'Fr
a[l4 ug{ ;Ifd agfOg] 5 .
;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ljB'lto zf;g k|0ffnLdf cfwf/Lt agfpg hf]8 lbOg]5
.
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
268
#$=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;= sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
lhNnfdf /xsf hgzlQmsf] /f]i6/
tof/ 1 1000 1000 1 lhNnfdf pknAw hgzlQm
kl/rfng of]hgf tof/ 500 500 2 lhNnfsf l;jleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf
nflu cfjZos hgzlQm tof/
tyf Ifdtf ljsf; 3000 13200 24300 25300 25240 91040 3
hDdf 3000 14200 24800 25300 25240 92540
#$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
lhNnfdf /x]sf hgzlQmsf] /f]i6/
tof/
lh=lj=;= ;DjGwLt ;j}
sfo{no tyf
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
u};;
lhNnfdf pknAw hgzlQm
kl/rfng of]hgf tof/
lh=lj=;= ;DjGwLt ;j}
sfo{no tyf
;+:yfx?
/fhg}lts bn,
gful/s
u};;
#$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
lhNnfdf /x]sf hgzlQmsf] /f]i6/
tof/
lh=lj=;= jflif{s k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=
lhNnfdf pknAw hgzlQm kl/rfng
of]hgf tof/
lh=lj=;= jflif{s k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
269
kl/R5]b #%
of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
#%=! e'ldsf
g]kfndf of]hgfa4 ljsf;sf] ^) jif]{ cjlwdf xfn;Dd !# j6f cfjlws of]hgfx? th'{df / sfof{Gjogdf
uO;s] . To:t} If]qut dGqfno / dftxt lgsfo Pj+ :yfgLo lgsfox?n] klg /0fg}lts of]hgf, lb3{sflng
of]hgf Pj+ sfo{of]hgf, cfjlws of]hgf, ;8s u'?of]hgf, If]qut u'?of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/]sf] klg 5g\ .
jflif{s Pj+ cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;DjGwdf /fli6\o of]hgf cfof]un] sfo{ljlw, lbUbz{g cflb lgdf{0f ul/
;xhLs/0f klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cf7f}+ of]hgfaf6 k|efjsf/L Pj+ glthdf cfwf/Lt cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg,
ul/jL cg'udg, dWosfnLng vr{ ;+/rgf, cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg lgb]{lzsf h:tf pks/0fsf] ljsf; /
k|of]udf ltj|tf klg cfPsf] xf] . To:t}M s[lif u0fgf, hgu0fgf, cf}Bf]lus u0fgf, kf/Ljf/Ls ;j]{If0f, :jf:Yo
;j]{If0f cflb k|lqmofaf6 ;"rgf Pj+ tYof+ssf] Aoj:yfkg / k|efjsf/L cg'udgsf sfo{ klg eO{ /x]s} 5g\ .
tYof+s ljefusf] :yfkgf, b]ze/ tYof+s sfof{no, /fi6\a}s Pj+ sf]n]lgsf / dn]lgsf dfkm{t b]zsf] ljlQo
of]hgf Pj+ tYof+s Aoj:yfkgsf] sfo{ x'b} cfPsf] klg 5 .
o; lhNnfdf tYof+s k|0ffnLsf] a}1fgLs Aoj:yfkg, tYof+ssf] pkof]u / k|efjsf/L k|of]u u/L :yfgLo jflif{s
Pj+ cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L ?kdf tYof+sdf cfwf/Lt eO{ th'{df / ;ldIff ug]{, ;"rsdf cfwf/Lt
cg'udg / d"Nof+sg, t];|f] Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnf hgtfsf] kIfaf6 k|efj d"Nof+sg, k|fljlws Pj+ u'0f cl86, nlIft
juL{o ah]6 kl/If0f ug]{ Aoj:yfnfO{ hf]8 lbg / of]hgfsf] ;dod} / u'0f:t/Lo ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug]{ k4ltnfO{
Aojl:yt ug{ of] of]hgf th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 .
#%=@ jt{dfg l:ylt
o; lhNnfdf sf]n]lgsf, ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] a}s, tYof+s sfof{no, lhlj; Pj+ gu/kfnLsfsf] ;"rgf zfvf,
:yfgLo sfof{nox?sf n]vf zfvf, u};;x?, lghL If]qx? ;d]tn] ;"rgf Pj+ tYof+ssf] Aoj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{
ul/cfPsf 5g\ .
To:t}M lhlj;df cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldlt, gu/kfnLsf Pj+ uflj;df cg'udg ;ldlt lqoflzn /x]sf]
5g\ . u};; Pj+ If]qut ljifout sfof{nosf] ;DjGwL tfn's sfof{no Pj+ lhlj;n] cg'udg ub} cfPsf]
kfOG5 .
;"rs Pj+ tYof+sdf cfwf/Lt eO{ lhlj; tyf gu/kfnLsfsf] cfjlws of]hgf tof/L ug]{ cEof; ;+:yfut g}
x'g yfn]sf] 5 . t/ jflif{s of]hgf Pj+ cGo ljifout sfof{no, u};; / lghL ;+:yfsf sfo{qmd ;"rgf Pj+
tYof+ssf] cfwf/df k|fyldlss/0f u/L th'{df ug]{ k|rng w]/} sdhf]/ /x]sf] dxz'if ePsf] 5 .
To:t}M cfjlws of]hgf Pj+ lHfNnf ;8s u'?of]hgf / gu/kfnLsfsf] gu/ ;8s u'?of]hgf ;fy} gu/ cfjlws
of]hgf th'{df, lgoldt ;ldIff / k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] vfsf agfpg] sfo{df sdhf]/L ePsf] b]lvG5 .
d'ntM >f]t kl/rfng, ;dod} sfo{ ;Dkfbg, lgoldt ;"rgf cBfjlws ug]{, nfut ;fe]mbf/L a9fpg] k|of;,
;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf;, gljg k|ljlw Pj+ ;+:sf/ ljsf; ug]{tkm{ kof{Kt tof/L / kxn gx'bfF of]hgfx?sf]
k|efjsf/Ltf / pknAwL k|fKtdf l;ldttf cfPsf] 5 . pkf/f]Qm Uofk Pj+ sdhf]/LnfO{ k"/f ug{ ;j}
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] Aojxfl/s k|ltj4tf / d/Ld]6\g] sfo{tbf?ktf cfjZos 5 .
#%=# ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}lt
;jnkIf
lhlj;df cg'udt tyf
;'kl/j]If0f gLlt, sfo{ljlw /x]sf]
uflj; Pj+ gkfx?df cg'udg Pj+
;'kl/j]If0fsf] ;+oGq /x]sf]
cj;/
k|efjsf/L cg'udg x'g ;Sg]
;+:yfut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df cg'udg
ug{ ;lsg]
cg'udg sf]if u};; Pj+ ;/sf/L If]qaf6
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
270
cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgdf
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutf
a9]sf]
;+o'Qm cg'udgsf] cEof;
lhlj;df /x]sf]
;"rsd'lv cg'udgsf] ;r]tgf
a9]sf]
agfpg ;lsg]
sdhf]/ kIf
cg'udgdf cfly{s >f]tsf]
sldsf] cj:yf /x]sf]
cg'udgdf cfjZostfg';f/sf]
bIf hgzlQmsf] cem} sld /x]sf]
t];|f] kIf cg'udgdf ;+nUg gx'g'
tfnLdsf] kl5 cg'kf]if0f gx'g]
;+kGg of]hgfx?sf] k|efj
d"Nof+sg ug]{ k|lqmofdf sld
cg'udgdf sfo{ut ;dGjodf
sld /x]sf]
r'gf}lt
cg'udgdf yk >f]t h'6fO{ kl/rfng
ug]{
cg'udg ug]{ sfo{ k|fyldstfdf kg]{,
;+nUg zfvf jf sd{rf/Ldf sfo pTk|]/0f
a9fpg]
cg'udg k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df k'/:sf/ /
b08 k|f0ffnL :yfkLt ug]{
#%=$ bL3{sflng ;f]r
sf:sL lhNnfsf] ljsf; sfo{x? tYodf cfwf/Lt Pj+ glthfd'lv of]hgf th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog / ;"rsdf
cfwf/Lt cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg ug{] k|0ffnL :yflkt ePsf] x'g]5 .
#%=% p4]Zo
;fj{hlgs ljsf;nfO{ hgd'lv, kl/df0fd'lv, glthfd'lv, kf/blz{, pQ/bflo / gful/s ;+j]bglzn agfpg] u/L
of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, sfof{Gjog Pj+ cg'udg d"Nofsg k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
#%=^ glthf, ;"rs, nIf, k'i6\ofO{sf] >f]t, dfGotf / hf]lvd sd ug]{ tl/sf
;f/f+z ;'rs k'i6\ofOsf] >f]t hf]lvd hf]lvd sd
ug]{ pkfo
!= of]hgf ,
cg'udg;DjGwL
If]q
p4]Zo M
;fj{hlgs
of]hgf
k|s[ofnfO{
glthfd'lv /
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
@% jif]{ lb3{sflng
of]hgf tof/
) !
cfjlws of]hgf
tof/ ug]{ uflj;
Pj+ g=kf= ;+Vof
@ #$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
271
gful/s
;+j]bglzn
agfpg] u/L
of]hgf
Aoj:yfkg,
sfof{Gjog Pj+
cg'udg
d"Nofsg
k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf; ug]{ .
glthf !M
/f]huf/L
;[hgfsf] ;fy}
ul/jL Go"lgs/0f
pGd'v
;xeflutfTds
k4ltdf
cfwf/Lt of]hgf
lgdf{0f ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
@% jif]{ lb3{sflng
of]hgf tof/
) !
cfjlws of]hgf
tof/ ug]{ uflj;
Pj+ g=kf= ;+Vof
@ #$
cfjlws lHfNnf
ljsf; of]hgf
tof/
) !
s[lif, ko{6g, lzIff
cflb If]qut
cfjlws of]hgf
tof/
! #
kf]v/f pkTosf
ljsf; u'?of]hgf
tof/
) !
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
glthf @ M
lHfNnf, ufpF /
gu/:t/df
k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjog
;+oGq /
cg'udg ;+oGq
lqmoflzn ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
lhlj;sf] vl/b
u'?of]hgf tof/ /
nfu"
) !
jflif{s vl/b
of]hgf Pj+
sfo{tflnsf tof/
/ nfu" ug]{ uflj;
Pj+ gu/kfnLsf
@ #$
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
272
of]hgfsf] lghL,
u};;, /fhgLlt,
;/sf/L ;d]tsf]
;+o'Qm cg'udg
! !)
cg'udg Pj+
d"Nof+sg lgb]{lzsf
! !
glthf
#M:yfgLo txdf
tYof+s
Aoj:yfkg,
;ldIff Pj+
d'Nof+sg k4lt
;+:yfut ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;"rssf] ljj/0f xfnsf]
l:ylt
nIo
k|f]kmfOn ag]sf]
uflj; Pj+
gu/kfnLsf
lHfNnf:t/Lo
k|f]kmfOn
u};;x?sf]
k|f]kmfOn
! !
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn ) !
lghLIf]q, ldl8of
Pj+ ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf]
k|f]kmfOn
) !
cfjlws lHfNnf
ljsf; of]hgf
;ldIff
) !
cfjlws of]hgf
tof/ ;ldIff ug]{
uflj; Pj+
gu/kfnLsf
) #$
k|efj d"Nof+sg x'g]
;+kGg of]hgfx?
! !!)
If]qut cfjlws
of]hgf ;ldIff
) @
–lhlj;sf] ;'rgf zfvf
–uflj; tyf g=kf=
sfo{fnosf] jflif{s
k|ltj]bg
;/f]sf/jfnf
jLr
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{
ePdf
;fem]bf/L /
;xsfo{nfO{
a9fjf lbg
;lsg]5 .
#%=& gLlt tyf /0fgLlt
lhNnfdf ljleGg lgsfox?af6 ;+rfng x'g] ljsf; of]hgfx?sf] cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgdf ;fdflhs
nfutsf] n]vfhf]vf ug]{ ;+oGqsf] cjnDjg ug]{ Pj+ ;f] sf] clen]v /fVg] k4lt cg'z/0f ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
273
cfof]hgfx?s]f sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;DjGwLt kIfaf6 of]hgfsf] d"Nof+sg :od ug]{ ;fy} ;j} ljsf;
;fe]mbf/x?sf] ;xeflutfdf ;+o'Qm cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg ug]{ kl/kfl6sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
ljsf; sfo{x?sf] t];|f] kIfaf6 d"Nof+sg u/fpg] Pj+ of]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] @ jif{ kl5 ;f]sf] k|efj
d"Nof+sg ug]{ kl/kfl6nfO{ ;+:yfut ul/g]5 .
cfof]hgfx?sf] sfof{Gjog, Aoj:yfkg / ;+rfngdf ;DjGwLt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf
kl/0ffdd'lv Pj+ glthfd'lv agfpg yk hf]8 lbOg]5 .
of]hgf th'{df ubf{ u};;, ;/sf/L Pj+ lghL If]qaLr ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ Pj+ ;xnufgL / ;fj{hlgs lghL
;fem]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ a9fjf lbg] Aoj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
of]hgf th'{df ubf{ ;j} tx / kIfsf] ;xeflutfTds k4lt tyf tTsfn /f]huf/L ;[hgf Pj+ kmfObf lbg]
ul/jL lgjf/0f pGd'v x'g] sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
#%=* glthf k|fKt ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
-?= xhf/df_
qm=
;= sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx?
kl/
df0f
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df k|yld
stf
s|d )&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
glthf !=
%) jif]{ lb3{sflng of]hgf
tof/
!
4500 60000 1500 66000 2 cfjlws lHfNNff ljsf; of]hgf
cBfjlws
!
700 700 700 400 500 3000 1 cfjlws ufpF Pj+ gu/ of]hgf
tof/L, cBfjlws
#$
1200 4500 4000 4000 4000 17700 4 kf]v/f pkTosf gu/If]qsf]
lb3{sflng e" pkof]u gLlt
tof/ tyf sfo{Gjog
!
700 500 1200 3 s[lif, lzIff, s[lif, :jf:Yo,
ko{6g If]qsf] cfjlws of]hgf
tof/
%
700 1200 1900 5 glthf @=
vl/b u'?of]hgf tof/ /
sfof{Gjog
!
100 400 400 900 6 ufpF, gu/ / lHfNnfsf] jflif{s
vl/b of]hgf Pj+ sfo{tflnsf
tof/ / nfUf"
#%
400 400 400 400 800 2400 8 ;+o'Qm cg'udg k|0ffnL sfod !) 1500 4500 4500 4500 4500 19500 7 cg'udg lgb]{lzsf tof/ ! 400 500 900 9 glthf #=
lHfNnf, uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
k|f]kmfOn tof/ / ck8]6
#%
700 2100 1500 1500 1500 7300 12 u};;, lghL Pj+ ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/
@
500 300 600 1400 13
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
274
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ ! 500 500 100 1100 15 cfjlws of]hgfx? ;ldIff ! 500 500 500 1500 14 lHfNnf, uflj; Pj+ g=kf= sf]
of]hgf ;ldIff
#$
700 1600 2300 11 ;+kGg of]hgfx?sf] k|efj
d"Nof+sg
!!)
800 2500 2500 2500 2500 10800 10 If]qut cfjlws of]hgf ;ldIff % 500 1400 1900 12
hDdf M 6400 23600 78500 18100 16400 139800
#$=( lhDd]jf/L jfF8kmf8 tflnsf M
qm=
;+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? ;Fof]hgstf{ sfof{Gjogstf{ ;xof]uL ;fdm]bf/L jf
;xsfo{ ug]{
lgsfo
glthf !=
%) jif]{ lb3{sflng of]hgf
tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
cfjlws lHfNNff ljsf; of]hgf
tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
cfjlws ufpF Pj+ gu/ of]hgf
tof/L
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
kf]v/f pkTosf gu/If]qsf]
lb3{sflng of]hgf tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
s[lif, lzIff, s[lif, :jf:Yo,
ko{6g If]qsf] cfjlws of]hgf
tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
glthf @=
vl/b u'?of]hgf tof/ /
sfof{Gjog
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
ufpF, gu/ / lHfNnfsf] jflif{s
vl/b of]hgf Pj+ sfo{tflnsf
tof/ / nfUf"
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
;+o'Qm cg'udg k|0ffnL sfod :yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
cg'udg lgb]{lzsf tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo=,
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
275
/fhg}lts bn If]q
glthf #=
lHfNnf, uflj; Pj+ g=kf=
k|f]kmfOn tof/ / ck8]6
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
u};;, lghL Pj+ ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
cfjlws of]hgf ;ldIff :yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
gu/ Pj+ uflj;sf] cfjlws
of]hgf ;ldIff
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
;+kGg of]hgfx?sf] k|efj
d"Nof+sg
:yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
If]qut cfjlws of]hgf ;ldIff :yfgLo
lgsfo=,
/fhg}lts bn
ljifout sfof{no,
u};;, lghL If]q
/fhg}lts
bn, gful/s
u};;, bftf,
;d'bfo, lghL
If]q
#$=!) cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
qm=
:f+=
sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx? cg'udg ug]{
lgsfo
k|ltj]bg ug]{
;do
cg'udg ug]{
ljlw
k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{kg]{ lgsfo
glthf !=
%) jif]{ lb3{sflng of]hgf tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lHfNNff ljsf; of]hgf tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws ufpF Pj+ gu/ of]hgf tof/L :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
kf]v/f pkTosf gu/If]qsf] lb3{sflng
of]hgf tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
s[lif, lzIff, s[lif, :jf:Yo, ko{6g
If]qsf] cfjlws of]hgf tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
276
/fhg}lts bn cWoog,
glthf @
vl/b u'?of]hgf tof/ / sfof{Gjog :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ufpF, gu/ / lHfNnfsf] jflif{s vl/b
of]hgf Pj+ sfo{tflnsf tof/ / nfUf"
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;+o'Qm cg'udg k|0ffnL sfod :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cg'udg lgb]{lzsf tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
glthf #
lHfNnf, uflj; Pj+ g=kf= k|f]kmfOn
tof/ / ck8]6
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
u};;, lghL Pj+ ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf]
k|f]kmfOn tof/
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
ko{6g k|f]kmfOn tof/ :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws of]hgf ;ldIff :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
gu/ Pj+ uflj;sf] cfjlws of]hgf
;ldIff
:yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
;+kGg of]hgfx?sf] k|efj d"Nof+sg :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
If]qut cfjlws of]hgf ;ldIff :yfgLo
lgsfo,
/fhg}lts bn
rf}dfl;s Pj+
jflif{s
cjnf]sg,
k|ltj]bg
cWoog,
lh=lj=;= Pj+
tfn's lgsfo
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
277
kl/R5]b #^
cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf] ljlQo >f]t Aoj:yfkg, cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg / sfof{Gjg
#^=!= e"ldsf M
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]gsf] bkmf !(% df x/]s lhNnfdf cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df u/L of]hgfa4
?kdf ljsf; sfo{x?nfO{ cufl9 a9fpg' kg]{ Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df ;+ª \3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo
ljsf; dGqfnon] @)&! ;fndf ;j} lHfNnfx?sf] cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ug{ sfo{of]hgf g}
agfO{ lHfNnfx?nfO{ ;f] ljifodf kl/kq u/] cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf klg xfn kfFr jif]{ cfjlws lhNNff ljsf;
of]hgfsf] tof/L ul/Psf] xf] .
o; cfjlws lHfNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf] tof/L dfqn] o;sf] p4]Zo k"/f x'g lgZro klg g;Sg], a? To;sf nflu
k|efjsf/L / bIftfsf ;fy sfof{Gjogsf nflu ljBdfg ;+:yfut Aoj:yfdf cfjZstfg';f/ ;'wf/ / cBfjlws
ub}{ hfg'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] o; lHfNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L,
sfo{ / pQ/bfloTj s'zntfk"j{s ;Dkfbg ug{ / cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfo{fGjogsf nflu lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfo{z}nL / :j?kdf ;dofg's'n ;'wf/ ug'{ clt h?/L b]lvG5 . o;sf nflu lglb{i6
lhDd]jf/L / jt{dfg bIftf Pj+ sfo{af]emsf] cWoog u/L To;sf cfwf/df ;'wf/ k|lqmof cl3 a9fOg' oko'Qm
x'g]5 .
o; cfjlws lHfNNff ljsf; of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] bfo/fleq /x]/ lgwf{l/t nIo / p4]Zo k|flKtsf nflu
;xeflutfd"ns k4lt4f/f jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g
P]g / lgodfjlnn] lgwf{l/t u/] cg';f/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] e"ldsf b]xfosf s'/fx?df s]lGb|t /xg]5 M
lhNnf of]hgf th'{dfsf] s]Gb| ljGb'sf ?Kfdf sfo{ ug]{ .
lhNNnf ljsf;sf] gLlt lgdf{tfsf] ?kdf e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .
lhNnfsf nflu ljleGg ;fem]bf/ lgsfox? kl/rfng u/L ljsf; sfo{ cl3 a9fpg] Pj+ ;dGjostf{
;+:yfsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ .
of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f, cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{ uflj;:t/Lo d'Vo lgsfosf] ?Kfdf sfo{ ug]{
.
lhNnfjf;Lx?nfO{ ljleGg Ph]G;L / ;+3;+:yfx? dfkm{t ;]jf / ;''ljwf k'/\ofpg] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] d'Vo
lgsfosf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ .
#^=@= o; of]hgfsf] jh]6 Aoj:yf M
#^=@=! vr{sf] k|If]k0f M
o; lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf nflu s'n cfjZos vr{ ? 1,11,89,00,65,000. -cIf?kL M ? !
vj{, !! cj{, pgfGgAa] s/f]8, ^% xhf/_ x'g] c'gdfg ul/Psf] 5 . vr{sf] k|If]k0fdf sfo{qmd vr{nfO{ dfq
;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
278
cfufdL % jif{df lgoldt ?kdf ? 59,18,29,69,000. -cIf?kL M ? %( cj{, !* s/f]8, @( nfv, ^( xhf/_
h'6\g] jf >f]t k|jfx x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ cfufld % jif{df cfjZos kg]{ /sddf lgoldt
?kdf h'6\g ;Sg] /sd 36fpbf gk'u x'g hfg] /sd ? 52,70,70,97,000. -cIf?kL M ? %@ cj{, &) s/f]8, &)
nfv, (& xhf/_ x'g cfpg] b]lvG5 . If]qut cfwf/df lgDgfg';f/ vr{ x'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 M
-ah]6 ? = xhf/df _
s|=;= ljsf;sf] If]q % aif{sf nflu
cfjZos ah]6
pknAw x'g]
cg'dflgt ah]6
gk'u ah]6
1 s[lif ljsf; 707610 608998.8 98611.2
2 l;+rfO{ 1479270 463663.4 1015606.6
3 kz' ljsf; 275646 161901.3 113744.7
4 ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt ljsf; 41774780 38200942 3573838
5 ;xsf/L ljsf; tyf ul/jL
Go"lgs/0f
269600 201637.5 67962.5
6 pBf]u tyf /f]huf/L 233000 182256.8 50743.2
7 lghL If]q PJf+ ;/sf/L lghL
;fe]mbf/Lsf] ljsf;
15050 9530 5520
8 ;8s, k'n tyf oftfoft 23609200 7619042 15990158
9 ljB't tyf phf{ 23788200 2592457 21195743
10 a}slNks phf{ 329303 280251.1 49051.9
11 ;'rgf tyf ;+rf/ 266350 222332 44018
12 u|fld0f–zx/L ljsf;, e"pkof]u /
kmf]xf]d}nf Aoj:yfkg
2565430 475452.5 2089977.5
13 lzIff 7094596 1969127 5125469
14 :jf:y 2257500.2 2176778 80722.16
15 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ 1907750 1107758 799992
16 dlxnf tyf n}+lus ljsf; 383030 323912 59118
17 afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|jw{g 711850 315023 396827
18 o'jf tyf v]ns'b 483590 47325.42 436264.58
19 h]i7 gful/s 777255 103786.7 673468.3
20 cflbjfl; hghflt tyf
cNk;+Vos
181921 149291.9 32629.1
21 blnt pTyfg 157880 140125.5 17754.5
22 ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 135500 65391.91 70108.09
23 >lds, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f]
ln+uL / d'l:nd nufot lk5l8Psf
ju{
40120 15262.75 24857.25
24 jg, jGohGt' tyf u}/ sfi7 jGf
k}bfj/
276220 112724.9 163495.1
25 e";+/If0f tyf hnpTkGg k|sf]k 264116 187824.3 76291.7
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
279
26 jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g tyf
hnjfo' cg's'ng
184125 138280 45845
27 ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg 596300 489824.4 106475.6
28 ;+:yfut Ifdtf PJ+f >f]t ljsf; 55900 19536.32 36363.68
29 ;fdflhs k/lrfng 709190 579185 130005
30 ;'zf;g 57000 39683.15 17316.85
31 ;fd'bflos tyf u};;/sf/L tyf
gful/s ;dfh
70443 61562 8881
32 dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; 92540 76313.75 16226.25
33 of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, cg'udg tyf
d"Nof+sg
139800 45788.25 94011.75
hDdf M 111890065 59182969 52707096.5
#^=#= gk'u x'g hfg] jf yk >f]t Aoj:yfkg M
o; cfjlws of]hgf cjlwdf ljifout If]qsf nflu cg'dfg ul/Psf] vr{sf] d'Vo >f]t g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
ljifout sfof{no dfkm{t ljlgof]hg x'g] lhNnf:t/Lo jh]6 / :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] jflif{s
cg'bfg /sd g} xf] . :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] cfGtl/s >f]t kl/rfngsf] ;Defjgf / Ifdtf Hofb} ;Lldt ePsf]
b]lvG5 . a}b]lzs C0f tyf cg'bfg l;w} lHfNnf ljsf; ;ldlt jf cGo ;/sf/L ljifout sfof{non] kl/rfng
gug]{ :ki6} 5 .
cfufdL % jif{df lgoldt ?kdf ? 59,18,29,69,000. -cIf?kL M ? %( cj{, !* s/f]8, @( nfv, ^( xhf/_
h'6\g] jf >f]t k|jfx x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ cfufld % jif{df cfjZos kg]{ /sddf lgoldt
?kdf h'6\g ;Sg] /sd 36fpbf gk'u x'g hfg] /sd ? 52,70,70,97,000. -cIf?kL M ? %@ cj{, &) s/f]8, &)
nfv, (& xhf/_ x'g cfpg] b]lvG5 .
o; of]hgfnfO{ cfj:os kg]{ t/ lgoldt >f]taf6 gk'uL yk k|of; ug'{kg]{ If]qut /sdsf] Aoj:yfkg
lgDgfg'';f/ yk ah]6 h'6fpg] k|of; ul/g] jf ug'{kg]{ cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 M
-ah]6 ? = xhf/df _
s|=
;=
ljIfo If]q
s]Gb|
;/sf/
af6 yk
lhlj;
af6 yk
gu/kf
nLsf
af6
yk
uflj;
af6 yk
hg
;xeflut
f
u};;
af6
yk
lghLIf]q
af6 yk
;d'bfo
af6 yk
cGo bft[
lgsfo af6
yk
Yfk
h'6fpg]
hDdf
ah]6
1 s[lif ljsf; 39900 1375 4620 6000 11200 5394 13400 8200 8522 98611
2 l;+rfO{ 819075 5000 5000 3750 9500 7500 2500 15000 148282 1015607
3 kz' ljsf; 63728 2550 6000 9050 5500 3500 18000 1500 3917 113745
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
280
4 ko{6g tyf
;+:s[lt ljsf;
932540 5000 5000 11550 9500 5000 193540 5000 2406708 3573838
5 ;xsf/L ljsf;
tyf ul/jL
Go"lgs/0f
11100 4360 5500 7250 500 2500 35000 1500 253 67963
6 pBf]u, /f]huf/L
tyf a}b]lzs
/f]huf/L
2100 2750 2550 2100 5000 2500 29500 2500 1743 50743
7 lghL If]q PJf+
;/sf/L lghL
;fe]mbf/Lsf]
ljsf;
500 1450 700 500 500 500 500 500 370 5520
8 ;8s, k'n tyf
oftfoft
353530 5050 8050 47250 23050 5000 15000 5000 15528228 15990158
9 ljB't tyf phf{ 901615 2800 2500 1500 5000 15000 9505000 5000 10757328 21195743
10 a}slNks phf{ 5000 1000 1500 2100 2500 2500 11000 500 22952 49052
11 ;'rgf tyf
;+rf/
3000 1550 2000 500 500 500 25000 2500 8468 44018
12 u|fld0f–zx/L
ljsf;, e"pkof]u
/ kmf]xf]d}nf
Aoj:yfkg
62220 51500 2500 1200 1500 1500 1525000 1500 443058 2089978
13 lzIff 18732 37994 1000 12650 2500 2500 2825000 12500 2212593 5125469
14 :jf:y 3930 1500 2500 1500 1000 115 55000 1500 13677 80722
15 vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO{
35000 56491 1500 5320 500 500 2500 500 697681 799992
16 dlxnf tyf
n}+lus ljsf;
2550 4484 3500 6400 500 500 500 500 40184 59118
17 afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g k|jw{g
800 4500 1500 2400 400 500 2500 500 383727 396827
18 o'jf tyf v]ns'b 400 1500 1500 1160 400 490 6500 600 423715 436265
19 h]i7 gful/s 12500 1500 500 4175 600 700 14000 600 638893 673468
20 cflbjfl;
hghflt tyf
cNk;+Vos
1500 1500 500 1300 500 600 700 800 25229 32629
21 blnt pTyfg 1500 1500 500 1300 600 400 900 700 10355 17755
22 ckf+utf ePsf
AolQm
1500 1902 500 1100 400 600 500 400 63206 70108
23 >lds, cfGbf]ng
;Dj4 ju{, t];|f]
ln+uL / d'l:nd
nufot
lk5l8Psf ju{
6800 1263 2500 3500 500 500 500 500 8794 24857
24 jg, jGohGt'
tyf u}/ sfi7
jGf k}bfj/
11500 1540 2000 1500 500 500 6500 500 138955 163495
25 e";+/If0f tyf
hnpTkGg k|sf]k
3500 2150 1500 3000 500 1500 9500 2500 52142 76292
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
281
26 jftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g
tyf hnjfo'
cg's'ng
1500 4150 500 1500 1500 500 2500 500 33195 45845
27 ljkb\ hf]lvd
Aoj:yfkg
3500 5430 3500 3000 2500 1500 12500 1500 73046 106476
28 ;+:yfut Ifdtf
PJ+f >f]t ljsf;
2500 2500 500 5500 500 500 3500 1500 19364 36364
29 ;fdflhs
k/lrfng
1500 1300 500 500 100 200 100 100 125705 130005
30 ;'zf;g 1500 983 1500 1200 500 500 6500 500 4134 17317
31 ;fd'bflos tyf
u};;/sf/L tyf
gful/s ;dfh
500 3450 500 600 500 500 500 500 1831 8881
32 dfgj ;+zfwg
ljsf;
2650 2340 500 600 500 600 3500 500 5036 16226
33 of]hgf
Aoj:yfkg,
cg'udg tyf
d"Nof+sg
15000 8200 2500 3600 500 500 1500 1500 60712 94012
hDdf 3323170 230562 75420 154555 89750 65599 14328640 77400 34362001 52707097
#^=$= gk'u x'g] jf 3f6f ah]6 / gk'u x'g] jf 3f6f ah]6 h'6fpg] jf k"lt{ ug]{ /0fgLltsf] Aoj:yfM
o; of]hgfsf] cfufdL % jif{df lgoldt ?kdf ? 59,18,29,69,000. -cIf?kL M ? %( cj{, !* s/f]8, @(
nfv, ^( xhf/_ h'6\g] jf >f]t k|jfx x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ cfufld % jif{df cfjZos kg]{
/sddf lgoldt ?kdf h'6\g ;Sg] /sd 36fpbf gk'u x'g hfg] /sd ? 52,70,70,97,000. -cIf?kL M ? %@
cj{, &) s/f]8, &) nfv, (& xhf/_ x'g cfpg] b]lvG5 . pQm Go"g x'g ;Sg] pQm /sd k"lt{ ug{ jflif{s
of]hgf th'{df ubf{ ljlEfGg If]qaf6 >f]t h'6fpg lgDgfg';f/ kxn Pj+ k|of; ul/g]5 M
lhNnfdf pknAw cfly{s >f]tsf] pRrtd pkof]u ug{ ldtAolo sfof{Gjog k|lqmof / nufgLdf
kf/blz{tfsf] gLlt cjnDjg ul/g]5, h;n] ubf{ ;fljssf] nufgLaf6 al9 pknlAw eO{ al9
hg;xeflutf kl/rfng x'g]5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg /sd a[l4 u/fpg k|of; ul/g]5 .
lhNnfsf] cfjZostf / bft[ ;+:yfx?sf] k|fyldstfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ cfjZos k|:tfjx? tof/ u/L
>f]t a[l4sf nflu bft[ ;+:yfx?sf] vf]hL ul/g]5 .
:yfgLo lgsfox? / ;fd'bflos ;+3;+:yfx?sf] cfGtl/s >f]t kl/rfng a[l4 ul/g]5 . cfosf gofF
If]qx? klxrfg u/L s/ jf z'Ns ;+sngsf sfo{x? cufl9 a9fOg]5 .
ko{6g, ljB't, pBf]u, ;+rf/, :Jff:Yo, lzIff / s[lif If]qdf lghL If]qsf] nufgL a[l4 ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/
ul/g]5 .
;/sf/L, lghL If]q tyf u};;x?sf] ;fem]bf/L tyf ;xsfo{af6 sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
hg;xeflutf clea[l4 Pj+ gful/s ;fem]bf/LnfO{ ;d]t oyf]lrt k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
282
#^=%= ;+u7g ;+/rgf, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg / ljsf; Joj:yfkg M
#^=%=!= ;+u7g ;+/rgf / lhDd]jf/L
o; cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfdf lglb{i6 cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjog ;DjGwL lhDd]jf/L,
;+of]hg, d'Vo sfof{Gjogstf{ / ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f ;DjlGWft ljsf; If]qsf] of]hgfsf] v08df lbOPsf]
tf]lsPsf] 5 . To;}u/L cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgsf] Aoj:yf klg ;f]lx v08df ul/Psf] 5 .
;du| ?kdf o; of]hgfsf] ;dGjo / lgb]{zgsf] nflu lhNnf kl/ifb, lhNnf ljsf; af]8{ / cg'udg Pj+
;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltaf6 cfjZos Aoj:yfkg x'g]5 . ;"rgf Aoj:yfkg lhlj;sf] ;"rgf zfvfn] ug]{5, To:t}
lhlj;df ljifout ;ldltx? Uf7g ul/ afx|} dlxgf lqmoflzn u/fpg] Aoj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ x'G5 .
#^=%=@= cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg M
#^=%=@=! o; cfjlws of]hgfsf] ;'kl/j]If0f, ;dLIff, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf] sfo{ b]xfo jdf]lhd ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 M
s_ :yfgLo :jf:oQ zf;g P]gsf] bkmf @!) / @!! tyf lgodfjnLsf] lgod @)@ / cGo sfg'gL Joj:yf
cg';f/sf] ;+:yfut ;+/rgf4f/f lgoldt cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ .
v_ ;xeflutfd"ns cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg Joj:yfsf nflu lhNNff txdf lhlj; cGtu{t /xg] u/L cg'udg
tyf d"Nof+sg OsfO{sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 . o;/L 5'6\6} OsfO{ u7g geP;Dd ;f] sfo{ ;"rgf tyf clen]v
zfvfn] g} o; ;DjGwL sfo{ ug]{5 .
-u_ cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf ;"rsx?
o; cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dflji6 p4]Zo, gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf nflu ;dli6ut
Pj+ ljifout nukm|]ddf ;dflji6 ;"rsx? g} k|of]udf NofOg]5 . lhlj;n] k|lqmofut, bLuf]kgf, c;/, k|efj,
;Dj4tf, glhtf,pknlAw cflbsf] cfwf/df cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ul/g]5, h'g sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ k|rlnt P]g,
lgod tyf lgb]{lzsfdf Joj:yf ePsf kmf/dx? Pj+ ;"rsx? nufot cfjZostfg';f/ cGo ;"rs tyf
kmf/dx? th'{df u/L nfu" ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-3_ cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf nflu tYof+sLo cfwf/
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf nflu tYof+sLo cfwf/sf] cToGt h?/L kb{5 . ctM o;sf nflu lhlj; cGtu{t
;"rgf tyf clen]v s]Gb| / cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg OsfOx?nfO{ kl/rfng ul/g]5 . tL OsfOx?nfO{ tflnd
k|fKt hgzlQm Pj+ ;xfos pks/0f4f/f ;';lHht kf/Lg]5 . ;fy} lhNnfsf k|d'v cfof]hgfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn
sDKo"6/df /fvL cBfjlws ub}{ hfg] Joj:yf klg ldnfOg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
283
-ª_ dWofjlw tyf clGtd d"Nof+sg
o; cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dflji6 sfo{qmd tyf kl/of]hgfx? lglZrt ;Ldfleq /x]/ th'{df ul/Psf x'g\ .
;doqmddf kl/jt{g x'b}hfg] gofF gofF rfxgf tyf cfjZostfx? ;+u;Fu} o; of]hgfdf ;dflji6 of]hgf tyf
cfof]hgfx?nfO{ klg ;dfof]hgf, kl/dfh{g Pj+ ;+zf]wg ub}{ hfg'kg]{ x'G5 . oL kIfx?nfO{ ldnfg ub}{
of]hgfnfO{ ;do ;fk]If jgfpb} n}hfg o; cfjlws of]hgfsf] @ jif{kl5 g} dWofjlw d"Nof+sg u/L
pknlAwx/sf] cfwf/df / gofF l;lh{t cfjZostfx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L of]hgfnfO{ kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
o; of]hgfsf] clGtd d"Nof+sg cf=j= @)&^÷)&& sf] dWolt/ ul/g]5 . ;f] d"Nof+sgaf6 k|fKt x'g] cg'ejx?
;d]taf6 lzIff lnO{ csf]{ cfjlws lHfNNff ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ul/g]5 .
#^=^ cflhljof] sfof{Gjogsf] k"j{tof/L tyf jflif{s nufgL sfo{qmd
cfjlws of]hgfsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;f] of]hgf cg'?Kf jflif{s of]hgf, sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 tof/ u/L
sfof{Gjog ul/g' kb{5 . cTfM o; of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf p4]Zo, glthf, ;"rs tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] bfo/fleq
/x]/ g} lhlj;n] jflif{s of]hgf, sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 tof/ ug]{5 . cflhljof] sfof{Gjogsf] k"j{ tof/L:j?k
k|To]s ljifo If]qsf sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx?sf] jflif{s nufgLsf] ?k/]vf tof/ u/L jflif{s sfo{of]hgf tof/
ul/g]5 .
s_ cflhljof]sf] :JfLs[lt tyf k|sfzg
cflhljof] tof/ ug{sf nflu /fli6\o of]hgf cfof]uaf6 hf/L ePsf] lgb]{lzsf adf]lhdsf k|lqmofx? cjnDag
u/L ;f] cg'?ksf ljifoj:t' ;dflji6 u/L of] bf];|f] cflhljof] tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . of] b:tfj]h tof/ ubf{
lhlj;sf] g]t[Tjdf ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] lyof] . o;sf] tof/Ldf lhNnfsf] ljsf;df ;+UnUg ;j}
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf h'6fOPsf] lyof] . o;df uflj; kl/ifbaf6 kf; u/L k|sf;g ug]{ / nfu"
ug]{ s'/fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug'{kg]5 .
v_ cflhljof] sfof{Gjogsf nflu ug'{kg]{ k"j{tof/L
lhNNff:t/af6 cfjlws of]hgf tof/ ug]{ o; k|of;df lhNnfsf ljsf;;Fu ;DjlGwt cGo lgsfox? nufot
lhlj; :o+dsf] klg ;+u7gfTds 9fFrf / sfo{ k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ NofO{ cflhljof] sfof{Gjogsf nflu cg's'n
agfOg'kg]{ x'G5 . o;} ;Gbe{df lhlj;sf] ;+u7gfTds 9fFrf / sfo{k|lqmofnfO{ ;'wf/ ug]{ qmddf Ps 5'6\6}
cWoog u/L To;sf] k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df ;+u7gfTds ljsf;sf] k|lqmof lhlj;n] cl3 a9fpg' kg]{5 .
u_ jflif{s nufgL sfo{qmd
k|To]s ljifout If]q adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ah]6sf] cg'dfg jf k|If]k0f o;
cufl9 s} efudf ul/Psf]5 . o; cfjlws of]hgfnfO{ d"n cfwf/ dfgL lhNnfn] jflif{s uflj; ljsf; of]hgf
tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]5 .
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
285
cg';"lr !
ljut % jif{df s]Gb|af6 lhNnfdf k|jfx ePsf] rfn' / k"Flhut >f]t
qm=;+= sfof{no Pj+ ;+:yfx? )^^⁄^& )^&⁄^* )^*⁄^( )^(⁄&) )&)⁄&! s'n hDdf
rfn' sfo{qmd rfn' sfo{qmd rfn' sfo{qmd rfn' sfo{qmd rfn' sfo{qmd
1 s[lif ljsf; sfo{fno 13074 1600 11313 4101 14953 5200 13600 19170 14080 30439 127529
2 lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no 11024 1100 9799 4414 15350 4600 12450 6050 26200 10875 101862
3 s[lif ;fdfu|L sDkgL ln= 2189 90893 77669 80550 10450 11462 273213
4 lhNnf v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt 850 900 1230 1452 1750 1750 7932
5 ;xsf/L l8lehg sfof{no 791 1500 4147 4006 11122 5750 2000 15035 3750 48101
6 kz' u}=;=;+ 2540 4034 5160 7699 8050 27483
7 s[lif u}=;=;+ 6200 7560 9050 12833 1254 36897
8 cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q 15839 19049 36230 25568 15722 14300 16000 18661 161369
9 lhNnf hg :jf:Yo sfo{{fno 33260 33970 33260 66512 227820 76500 85500 103622 188397 110059 958900
10 lhNnf cfo'j{]b s]Gb| 2240 3015 4020 3540 4646 1400 18861
11 lhNnf lzIff sfo{fno 595799 56575 65400 686272 74400 869784 79553 996220 77000 3501003
12 dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfo{fno 6300 8700 6930 1986 3428 6379 59736 16217 3875 15875 129425
13 lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt 1450 1560 811 1250 1530 6601
14 uflj;x?sf] cfGtl/s cfo 8050 8590 8940 9567 12545 47692
15 lhNnf jg sfo{fno 12720 3412 17445 4046 3894 4600 18440 9351 9260 83168
16 lhNnf e"‐;+/If0f sfo{fno 2856 9785 5709 14175 7127 13920 8085 20271 14020 4100 100048
17 pBf]u sf= 5409 1280 1250 1800 4500 2500 5553 3183 3840 29315
18 cGo u};;x? 376309 423867 390405 323867 483050 1997498
19 lHfNNffsf cGo ;/sf/L
sfo{fno 3300 4200 5760 7800 8050 29110
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
286
20 hn pTkGg k|sf]k ;j l8le=
sf= 3300 4510 3000 4670 1760 4800 1800 6000 8560 38400
21 Joj;flos l;k ljsf; s]Gb| 4530
6050 7980 8786 10637 37983
22 vfg]kfgL l8lehg 8500 43800 28955 9198 30597 95000 67200 175025 458274
23 vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg 18540 20000 75010 37030 35715 186295
24 g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f, k]fv/f 6100 21800 19000 18800 19000 84700
25 ;8s l8lehg sfo{fno 12550 20000 29055 22235 25030 108870
26 g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f,
uuguf}+8f 24500 29300 28750 47500 38040 168090
27 l;+rfO l8lehg sfo{fno 73900 54800 54500 58500 61356 303056
28 zx/L lj= tyf ejg lg=
l8lehg 79725 26522 77600 5250 108902 136614 434613
29 lhlj; sfo{fno / uflj;
cg'bfg 246828 235263 400305 2545 460569 262110 483215 834935 2925770
30 ko{6g, gful/s p8= sfo{fno 6070 95200 2130 13517 8876 5230 131023
31 kf]v/f gu/kflnsf 92089 107754 215680 221670 96470 313680 127508 291820 1466671
32 n]vgfy gu/kflnsf 8498 51826 75950 91014 15190 131115 67654 83133 524380
33 lhNnf k|fljlws sfo{fno 570 34348 26883 45030 62050 83540 252421
34 g]kfn /]8qm; 5030 9399 6339 6780 7316 20533 29015 84412
35 df};d tyf hnafo' sfo{fno 790 810 860 5500 975 1250 10185
36 lglhIf]q, ;d'bflos If]q Pj+
cGo 563020 843070 854015 926340 926352 4112797
hDdf 812218 1912624 337515 2610399 987968 2734703 1591023 2973912 1475385 3578202 19013948
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
287
cg';"lr @
ljutdf sfo{qmd ah]6 a[l4b/ / % jif{sf] cf}ift a[l4b/
qm=;= Sfof{no Pj+ ;+:yf 066/67 067/68 a[l4 068/69 a[l4 069/70 a[l4 070/71 a[l4 ut $
jifsf]
cf}ift
jflif{s
k|ltzt k|ltzt k|ltzt k|ltzt s'n a[l4b/ a[l4 b/
1 s[lif ljsf; sfo{fno 1600 4101 156 5200 27 19170 269 30439 59 456 91 2 lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no 1100 4414 301 4600 4 10650 132 10875 2 441 88 3 s[lif ;fdfu|L sDkgL ln= 70893 77669 10 80550 4 10450 87 11462 10 104 21 4 lhNnf v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt 850 900 6 1230 37 1452 18 1750 21 65 13 5 ;xsf/L l8lehg sfof{no 1500 4006 167 5750 44 2000 -65 3750 88 149 30 6 kz' u}=;=;+ 2540 4034 59 5160 28 7699 49 8050 5 140 28 7 s[lif u}=;=;+ 6200 7560 22 9050 20 12833 42 1254 -90 87 17 8 cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q 19049 36230 90 25568 -29 14300 -44 18661 30 21 4 9 lhNnf hg :jf:Yo sfo{{fno 33970 66512 96 76500 15 103622 35 110059 6 150 30 10 lhNnf cfo'j{]b s]Gb| 2240 3015 35 4020 33 3540 -12 1400 -60 60 12 11 lhNnf lzIff sfo{fno 460575 55400 -88 97400 76 119553 23 137000 15 15 3 12 dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
sfo{fno 8700 1986 -77 6379 221 16217 154 15875 -2 302 60 13 lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt 1450 1560 8 811 -48 1250 54 1530 22 18 4 14 uflj;x?sf] cfGtl/s cfo 8050 8590 7 8940 4 9567 7 12545 31 22 4 15 lhNnf jg sfo{fno 3412 4046 19 4600 14 9351 103 9260 -1 140 28 16 lhNnf e"‐;+/If0f sfo{fno 9785 14175 45 13920 -2 20271 46 4100 -80 93 19 17 pBf]u sf= 1280 1800 41 2500 39 3183 27 3840 21 111 22 18 cGo u};;x? 376309 423867 13 390405 -8 323867 -17 483050 49 -8 -2 19 lHfNNffsf cGo ;/sf/L
sfo{fno 3300 4200 27 5760 37 7800 35 8050 3 104 21 20 hn pTkGg k|sf]k ;j l8le=
sf= 4510 4670 4 4800 3 6000 25 8560 43 35 7
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
288
21 Joj;flos l;k ljsf; s]Gb| 4530 6050 34 7980 32 8786 10 10637 21 80 16 22 vfg]kfgL l8lehg 43800 28955 -34 30597 6 67200 120 175025 160 95 19 23 vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg 18540 20000 8 75010 275 37030 -51 35715 -4 236 47 ## g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f, k]fv/f 6100 21800 257 19000 -13 18800 -1 19000 1 247 49 25 ;8s l8lehg sfo{fno 12550 20000 59 29055 45 22235 -23 25030 13 85 17 26 g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f,
uuguf}+8f 24500 29300 20 28750 -2 47500 65 38040 -20 87 17 27 l;+rfO l8lehg sfo{fno 33900 44800 32 54500 22 58500 7 61356 5 65 13 28 zx/L lj= tyf ejg lg=
l8lehg 79725 26522 -67 77600 193 108902 40 136614 25 170 34 29 lhlj; sfo{fno / uflj;
cg'bfg 246828 400305 62 460569 15 483215 5 834935 73 86 17 30 ko{6g, gful/s p8= sfo{fno 6070 95200 1468 2130 -98 8876 317 5230 -41 1691 338 31 kf]v/f gu/kflnsf 107754 215680 100 221670 3 313680 42 291820 -7 148 30 32 n]vgfy gu/kflnsf 51826 75950 47 91014 20 131115 44 83133 -37 114 23 33 lhNnf k|fljlws sfo{fno 34348 26883 -22 45030 68 62050 38 83540 35 88 18 34 g]kfn /]8qm; 5030 6339 26 6780 7 20533 203 29015 41 240 48 35 df};d tyf hnafo' sfo{fno 790 810 3 860 6 975 13 1250 28 26 5 36 lglhIf]q, ;d'bflos If]q Pj+
cGo 563020 843070 50 854015 1 926340 8 926352 0 64 13
hDdf 2256624 2590399 15 2757703 6 3018512 9 3638202 21 35 7
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
289
cg';"lr #
ljifout If]q cg';f/ cfufld % jif{sf] >f]t k|If]k0f
qm=;= sfo{qmd tyf lqmofsnfkx?
ljut %
jif{sf]
cf}ift
a[l4b/
-k|ltzt_
cfufdL
k|If]lkt
aflif{s
a[l4b/
-k|ltzt_
cfufdL
k|If]lkt
aflif{s
a[l4b/sf]
u'0fs
aflif{s ah]6 ljlgof]hg ah]6 ? xhf/df
)&@⁄&# )&#⁄&$ )&$⁄&% )&%⁄&^ )&^⁄&& hDdf
1 s[lif ljsf; 91 15 1.15 90324 103872.6 119453.5 137371.5 157977.2 608998.8
608998.8 2 l;+rfO{ 13 13 1.13 71550 80851.5 91362.2 103239.3 116660.4 463663.4
463663.4
3 kz' ljsf; 88 14 1.14 24493 27922.02 31831.1 36287.46 41367.7 161901.3
161901.3 4 ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt ljsf; 12 12 1.12 6013200 6734784 7542958 8448113 9461887 38200942
38200942
5 ;xsf/L ljsf; tyf ul/jL Go"lgs/0f 19 11 1.11 32377 35938.47 39891.7 44279.79 49150.57 201637.5
201637.5 6 pBf]u tyf /f]huf/L 22 12 1.12 28689 32131.68 35987.48 40305.98 45142.7 182256.8
182256.8
7 lghL If]q PJf+ ;/sf/L lghL
;fe]mbf/Lsf] ljsf; 12 12 1.12 1500 1680 1881.6 2107.392 2360.279 9529.271
9529.271 8 ;8s, k'n tyf oftfoft 17 17 1.17 1086200 1270854 1486899 1739672 2035416 7619042
7619042
9 ljB't tyf phf{ 47 12 1.12 408078 457047.4 511893 573320.2 642118.6 2592457
2592457 10 a}slNks phf{ 15 11 1.11 45000 49950 55444.5 61543.4 68313.17 280251.1
280251.1
11 ;'rgf tyf ;+rf/ 11 11 1.11 35700 39627 43985.97 48824.43 54195.11 222332.5
222332.5
12 u|fld0f–zx/L ljsf;, e"pkof]u /
kmf]xf]d}nf Aoj:yfkg 40 15 1.15 70517 81094.55 93258.73 107247.5 123334.7 475452.5
475452.5 13 lzIff 3 10 1.1 322538 354791.8 390271 429298.1 472227.9 1969127
1969127
14 :jf:Yo 30 12 1.12 342646 383763.5 429815.1 481393 539160.1 2176778
2176778 15 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ 20 10 1.1 181448 199592.8 219552.1 241507.3 265658 1107758
1107758
16 dlxnf tyf n}+lus ljsf; 60 12 1.12 50987 57105.44 63958.09 71633.06 80229.03 323912.6
323912
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
290
17 afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|jw{g 4 10 1.1 51600 56760 62436 68679.6 75547.56 315023.2
315023 18 o'jf tyf v]ns'b 13 13 1.13 7303 8252.39 9325.201 10537.48 11907.35 47325.42
47325.42
19 h]i7 gful/s 10 10 1.1 17000 18700 20570 22627 24889.7 103786.7
103786.7 20 cflbjfl; hghflt tyf cNk;+Vos 16 12 1.12 23500 26320 29478.4 33015.81 36977.7 149291.9
149291.9
21 blnt pTyfg 13 11 1.11 22500 24975 27722.25 30771.7 34156.58 140125.5
140125.5 22 ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 11 11 1.11 10500 11655 12937.05 14360.13 15939.74 65391.91
65391.91
23
>lds, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f]
ln+uL / d'l:nd nufot lk5l8Psf
ju{ 7 10 1.1 2500 2750 3025 3327.5 3660.25 15262.75
15262.75
24 jg, jGohGt' tyf u}/ sfi7 jGf
k}bfj/ 27 12 1.12 17744 19873.28 22258.07 24929.04 27920.53 112724.9
112724.9 25 e";+/If0f tyf hnpTkGg k|sf]k 18 11 1.11 30159 33476.49 37158.9 41246.38 45783.49 187824.3
187824.3
26 jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g tyf
hnjfo' cg's'ng 15 10 1.1 22650 24915 27406.5 30147.15 33161.87 138280.5
138280 27 ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg 8 10 1.1 80232 88255.2 97080.72 106788.8 117467.7 489824.4
489824.4
28 ;+:yfut Ifdtf PJ+f >f]t ljsf; 5 10 1.1 3200 3520 3872 4259.2 4685.12 19536.32
19536.32 29 ;fdflhs k/lrfng 11 11 1.11 93000 103230 114585.3 127189.7 141180.5 579185.5
579185
30 ;'zf;g 7 10 1.1 6500 7150 7865 8651.5 9516.65 39683.15
39683.15
31 ;fd'bflos tyf u};;/sf/L tyf
gful/s ;dfh 13 13 1.13 9500 10735 12130.55 13707.52 15489.5 61562.57
61562 32 dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; 6 10 1.1 12500 13750 15125 16637.5 18301.25 76313.75
76313.75
33 of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, cg'udg tyf
d"Nof+sg 11 10 1.1 7500 8250 9075 9982.5 10980.75 45788.25
45788.25 hDdf 9223135 10373574 11670494 13133002 14782765 59182970
59182968.4
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
291
cg';"lr $
ljsf; If]q cg';f/ pknAw x'g ;Sg] ah]6, cfjZos ah]6 tyf gk'u x'g] ah]6
s|=;= ljsf;sf] If]q
% aif{sf nflu cfjZos ah]6 pknAw x'g] cg'dflgt
ah]6 gk'u ah]6
1 s[lif ljsf; 707610 608998.8 98611.2
2 l;+rfO{ 1479270 463663.4 1015606.6
3 kz' ljsf; 275646 161901.3 113744.7
4 ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt ljsf; 41774780 38200942 3573838
5 ;xsf/L ljsf; tyf ul/jL Go"lgs/0f 269600 201637.5 67962.5
6 pBf]u tyf /f]huf/L 233000 182256.8 50743.2
7 lghL If]q PJf+ ;/sf/L lghL ;fe]mbf/Lsf] ljsf; 15050 9530 5520
8 ;8s, k'n tyf oftfoft 23609200 7619042 15990158
9 ljB't tyf phf{ 23788200 2592457 21195743
10 a}slNks phf{ 329303 280251.1 49051.9
11 ;'rgf tyf ;+rf/ 266350 222332 44018
12 u|fld0f–zx/L ljsf;, e"pkof]u / kmf]xf]d}nf Aoj:yfkg 2565430 475452.5 2089977.5
13 lzIff 7094596 1969127 5125469
14 :jf:y 2257500.2 2176778 80722.16
15 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ 1907750 1107758 799992
16 dlxnf tyf n}+lus ljsf; 383030 323912 59118
17 afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|jw{g 711850 315023 396827
18 o'jf tyf v]ns'b 483590 47325.42 436264.58
19 h]i7 gful/s 777255 103786.7 673468.3
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
292
20 cflbjfl; hghflt tyf cNk;+Vos 181921 149291.9 32629.1
21 blnt pTyfg 157880 140125.5 17754.5
22 ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 135500 65391.91 70108.09
23 >lds, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4 ju{, t];|f] ln+uL / d'l:nd nufot
lk5l8Psf ju{
40120 15262.75 24857.25
24 jg, jGohGt' tyf u}/ sfi7 jGf k}bfj/ 276220 112724.9 163495.1
25 e";+/If0f tyf hnpTkGg k|sf]k 264116 187824.3 76291.7
26 jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g tyf hnjfo' cg's'ng 184125 138280 45845
27 ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg 596300 489824.4 106475.6
28 ;+:yfut Ifdtf PJ+f >f]t ljsf; 55900 19536.32 36363.68
29 ;fdflhs k/lrfng 709190 579185 130005
30 ;'zf;g 57000 39683.15 17316.85
31 ;fd'bflos tyf u};;/sf/L tyf gful/s ;dfh 70443 61562 8881
32 dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; 92540 76313.75 16226.25
33 of]hgf Aoj:yfkg, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg 139800 45788.25 94011.75
hDdf M 111890065 59182969 52707096.5
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
293
cg';"lr %
gk'u ah]6 >f]t h'6fpg] yk pkfo Pj+ lgsfo
s|=
;=
ljIfo If]q
% aif{sf
nflu
cfjZos
ah]6
lgoldt
>f]t af6
gk'lu sd
x'g] /sd
lgoldt >f]t af6 gk'lu sd x'g] /sd h'6fpg yk k|of; ug'{kg]{ pkfo jf yk >f]t h'6fpg] lgsfo
s]Gb|
;/sf/ af6
yk
lhlj;
af6 yk
gu/kfnLsf
af6 yk
uflj;
af6 yk
hg
;xeflutf
u};; af6
yk
lghLIf]q
af6 yk
;d'bfo
af6 yk
cGo bft[
lgsfo af6
yk
hDdf
1 s[lif ljsf; 707610 98611 39900 1375 4620 6000 11200 5394 13400 8200 8522 98611
2 l;+rfO{ 1479270 1015607 819075 5000 5000 3750 9500 7500 2500 15000 148282 1015607
3 kz' ljsf; 275646 113745 63728 2550 6000 9050 5500 3500 18000 1500 3917 113745
4 ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt
ljsf;
41774780 3573838 932540 5000 5000 11550 9500 5000 193540 5000 2406708 3573838
5 ;xsf/L ljsf; tyf
ul/jL Go"lgs/0f
269600 67963 11100 4360 5500 7250 500 2500 35000 1500 253 67963
6 pBf]u, /f]huf/L tyf
a}b]lzs /f]huf/L
233000 50743 2100 2750 2550 2100 5000 2500 29500 2500 1743 50743
7 lghL If]q PJf+ ;/sf/L
lghL ;fe]mbf/Lsf] ljsf;
15050 5520 500 1450 700 500 500 500 500 500 370 5520
8 ;8s, k'n tyf oftfoft 23609200 15990158 353530 5050 8050 47250 23050 5000 15000 5000 15528228 15990158
9 ljB't tyf phf{ 23788200 21195743 901615 2800 2500 1500 5000 15000 9505000 5000 10757328 21195743
10 a}slNks phf{ 329303 49052 5000 1000 1500 2100 2500 2500 11000 500 22952 49052
11 ;'rgf tyf ;+rf/ 266350 44018 3000 1550 2000 500 500 500 25000 2500 8468 44018
12 u|fld0f–zx/L ljsf;,
e"pkof]u / kmf]xf]d}nf
Aoj:yfkg
2565430 2089978 62220 51500 2500 1200 1500 1500 1525000 1500 443058 2089978
13 lzIff 7094596 5125469 18732 37994 1000 12650 2500 2500 2825000 12500 2212593 5125469
14 :jf:y 2257500.2 80722 3930 1500 2500 1500 1000 115 55000 1500 13677 80722
15 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ 1907750 799992 35000 56491 1500 5320 500 500 2500 500 697681 799992
16 dlxnf tyf n}+lus ljsf; 383030 59118 2550 4484 3500 6400 500 500 500 500 40184 59118
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
294
17 afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g
k|jw{g
711850 396827 800 4500 1500 2400 400 500 2500 500 383727 396827
18 o'jf tyf v]ns'b 483590 436265 400 1500 1500 1160 400 490 6500 600 423715 436265
19 h]i7 gful/s 777255 673468 12500 1500 500 4175 600 700 14000 600 638893 673468
20 cflbjfl; hghflt tyf
cNk;+Vos
181921 32629 1500 1500 500 1300 500 600 700 800 25229 32629
21 blnt pTyfg 157880 17755 1500 1500 500 1300 600 400 900 700 10355 17755
22 ckf+utf ePsf AolQm 135500 70108 1500 1902 500 1100 400 600 500 400 63206 70108
23 >lds, cfGbf]ng ;Dj4
ju{, t];|f] ln+uL / d'l:nd
nufot lk5l8Psf ju{
40120 24857 6800 1263 2500 3500 500 500 500 500 8794 24857
24 jg, jGohGt' tyf u}/
sfi7 jGf k}bfj/
276220 163495 11500 1540 2000 1500 500 500 6500 500 138955 163495
25 e";+/If0f tyf hnpTkGg
k|sf]k
264116 76292 3500 2150 1500 3000 500 1500 9500 2500 52142 76292
26 jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g tyf hnjfo'
cg's'ng
184125 45845 1500 4150 500 1500 1500 500 2500 500 33195 45845
27 ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg 596300 106476 3500 5430 3500 3000 2500 1500 12500 1500 73046 106476
28 ;+:yfut Ifdtf PJ+f >f]t
ljsf;
55900 36364 2500 2500 500 5500 500 500 3500 1500 19364 36364
29 ;fdflhs k/lrfng 709190 130005 1500 1300 500 500 100 200 100 100 125705 130005
30 ;'zf;g 57000 17317 1500 983 1500 1200 500 500 6500 500 4134 17317
31 ;fd'bflos tyf
u};;/sf/L tyf gful/s
;dfh
70443 8881 500 3450 500 600 500 500 500 500 1831 8881
32 dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; 92540 16226 2650 2340 500 600 500 600 3500 500 5036 16226
33 of]hgf Aoj:yfkg,
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
139800 94012 15000 8200 2500 3600 500 500 1500 1500 60712 94012
hDdf 111890065 52707097 3323170 230562 75420 154555 89750 65599 14328640 77400 34362001 52707097
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
296
cg';"lr ^
k|d'v kl/of]hgfx?
-!_ If]lqo k|zf;g sfof{no, kf]v/fsf] ljz]if ;s[otfdf tyf gful/sx?sf] ljz]if pT;fxdf kf]v/fnfO{
cGt/fli6«o zx/sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ k|:tfljt sf:sL uf}/jsf cfof]hgfx? M
qm=;+= of]hgfx? qm=;+= of]hgfx?
! kf]v/f pkTosf u'?of]hgf !@ n]vgfy–kf]v/f rqmky
@ kf]v/f cGt/fli6«o ;ef ;Dd]ng s]Gb| !# j[xt ;fj{hlgs k':tsfno
# Nf]gkf cGt/fli6«o ;ef ;Dd]ng s]Gb| !$ sf:sL l;¢fy{ ozf]w/f :df/s
$ /fli6«o j; 6ld{gn, sf:sL !% x]Dhf–sf7df08f}+ /]ndfu
% /fli6«o snf tyf ;flxTo kfs{ !^ n]vgfy kf]v/f ;fO{sn l;6L
cfof]hgf
^ kf]v/f cGt/fli6«o lqms]6 :6]l8Pd !& ;flb{vf]nf–vf/kfgL–lkk/ftfn
s]jnsf/ cfof]hgf
& kf]v/f /fli6«o :jb]zL xf6 ahf/ !* sfF8]–ebf}/]–k~rf;] wfdL{s :yn
s]jnsf/ cfof]hgf
* kf]v/f jf]6flgsn uf8]{g !( km]jftfn ;+/If0fsf] nflu xk{g
vf]nfdf l;N6];g 8\ofd lgdf{0f
cfof]hgf
( kf]v/f 6fj/ @) ?kf–j]ugf; PSjfl/od ljsf;
cfof]hgf
!) kf]v/f Do"lhsn kmfp06]g @! sf]q]–n]vgfy–kf]v/f ^ n]g ;8s
lgdf{0f cfof]hgf
!! sf:sL ;Dkbf ;+/If0f
To:t} u|fld0f:t/df rqmkysf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k :yfgLo ;8sx? ljsf;df yk k|of; / rf;f] a9fpg] kg]{ x'G5 . h:t}M
;flb{vf]nf cd{nf df}hf kfr]{ l;Sn]; ;8s, jf/rf]s ldh'/] kf]lz ;8s, jf/rf]s ;}d/f+u y'dfsf]8fF8f gfdfh'{u l;Sn];
;8s, df}hf kfr]{ dgf+u lhNnf hf]8\g] ;8s, df5fk'R5\] 3frf]s, nfxfrf]s, l/efg sf] dflyNnf] efu x'b} Njf+u3n]n n'Dn]
3fGb|'s ;8s, sk'r] lkk/ tfn ;8s, l9s'/kf]v/L ebf}/] k+rf;] k'DbL ;8s x]dhf sf:sLsf]6 ebf}/] 7'nfv]t ;8s cflb
.
@ ;8s tyf k'n
/fhdfu{ / zx/L ;8s dd{t ;'wf/
qm=
;+ /fhdfu{sf] k|sf/ /fhdfu{÷ cGo ;8s nDafO{ - ls=ld=_
! /fi6«Lo /fhdfu{ Kf[lYj /fhdfu{ -kf]v/f–sf]q] v08_ !(
@ /fi6«Lo /fhdfu l;4fy{ /fhdfu{ -kf]v/f –s'le08] v08_ !&
# lkm8/ /f]8 Kff]v/f – ;/fªsf]6 $=*
$ lkm8/ /f]8 Kff]v/f – ;/fªsf]6 !@=%
% lkm8/ /f]8 kf]v/f – afUn'ª -sf:sL v08_ $#=&^
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
297
^ lkm8/ /f]8 Tffnrf]s – a]ugf;tfn #=%
&
Kf]fv/f zx/L ;8s
Kf]v/f afUn'ª /fhdfu{sf] ) ls=ld=– xNng rf]s–zxLb rf]s
–d':tfª rf]s
^=#
;[hgfrf]s–/fi6«a}s rf]s– la/f}6f rf]s @=%
k[lYjrf]s– led;]g rf]s– s]=cfO=l;+ k'n– dx]Gb| u'kmf !@
cd/l;+x rf]s – /fgLkf}jf rf]s – led;]g rf]s @=@
a'4 rf]s – km/]i6«L SofDk; $=)
hDdf !@^=(^
#= lhNnf oftfoft u'?of]hgfdf k/]sf ;8sx?sf] dd{t ;+ef/
A ju{sf ;8sx?sf] gfd / ;txsf] cj:yf
l;=g+= ;8ssf] gfd s'n
ls=dL= l;=g+= ;8ssf] gfd
s'n
ls=dL=
1 j]ugf;–ef]n]{6f/ 24.17 11 bf]ljNnf jfudf/f ;8s 12.19
2 /fvL–ldh'/] 19.77 12 gfp8fF8f–sf:sLsf]6–;/fªsf]6 12.50 3 nfdfrf}/–df5fk'R5«] 16.00 13 s;]/L–e}+;]–y'dfsf]8fF8f 17.36 4 sfFx'vf]nf–d]njf]6–kfr]{–b'wkf]v/L 37.32 14 gofFk'n – lj/]7fF6L– ltv]9'Ëf 7.50 5 a}bfd–kfd]–l;bfg] 21,10 15 sfp/]–HofDb'Ë–tfªltË 15.90
6 l;;'jf–b]p/fnL–kf]Nofª6f/ 25.20 16 d]njf]6–lwtfn–wDk'; 14.00 7 lj/]7fF6L–rfg] ko{6g ;8s 6.39 17 sfFx'vf]nf–cfjf{–df}hf 15.34
8 5f]/]]kf6g–s[:tL–e/tkf]v/L 22.5 18 sfF8]–ebf}/]–;Nofg 10.88 9 x]Dhf–;ldju/–n'D/] 15.37 19 km'njf/L–sfFx' 6fj/ 5.5 10 ;ftd'xfg]–¿kfsf]6–y'DsL 23.09 20 afUn'Ë–a;kfs{–;/fËsf]6–
l9s'/kf]v/L
14.00
11 bf]ljNnf jfudf/f ;8s 12.19 8.00
hDdf 335.18
B ju{sf ;8sx?sf] gfd / ;txsf] cj:yf
l;=
g+
;8ssf] gfd s'n
ls=dL=
l;=
g+
;8ssf] gfd s'n
ls=dL=
1 5f]/]]kf6g–zfGtL:t'k–e'DbL– s'le08] 18.30 12 /fgLkf}jf– enfd–af6'n]rf}/ 6.00 2 dx]Gb|u'kmf–cd{nfsf]6–cfF6L3/–df}hf 13.06 13 uxt]8fF8f–nfdfv]t–df}hf 12.05 3 km';|]vf]nf–/fdbL–dl§vfg 9.70 14 u}/]kf]v/L– v}t] –l;;f3f6 7.71
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
298
4 lr;fkfgL–l;u]{jf;–bflGng 12.00 15 k'nrf]s – l;;f3f6 7.50
5 ;f}o{–lnKkfgL –/fdsf]6–x+;k'/–7"nfa];L 22.87 16 y'D;Lsf]6 – d'u|]a];L–uf]u]{ –
ldh'/]8fF8f
14.34
6 ;dLju/–nfxfrf]s–df5fk'R5'] 11.00 17 3§]vf]nf– vfgLufpF– wDk'; 13.00 7 enfd– ¥ofn]rf}/– dh'jf lj;f}gf 6.19 18 y'D;Lsf]6– efrf]s 9.26
8 ;fu|fjf; –Sof]n]g] – dfwj];L 6.00 19 y'D;Lsf]6– 3§]8fF8f–
ldh'/]8fF8f
7.31
9 dbL{k'n–;dLju/–l/efg–;}b]3§ 12.57 20 ldngrf]s –eujtL6f/–
;}d/fª
6.97
10 3f6Ll5gf–dsjfgk'/–e~HofË 12.00 21 n'Dn] – rGb|sf]6–tfGrf]s–
NofGb|'s
16
11 tfna];L–lnKkfgL–rdf/] cf]8f/ 11.00 22 5f]/]kf6g– Sg};]–s'le08] 8.84
12 /fgLkf}jf– enfd–af6'n]rf}/ 6.00 23 gfpF8fF8f–clwsf/L8fF8f–
sfsL{8fF8f
11.50
hDDff 255.17 3.5 29.66 222.01 A / B sf] hDDff 590.35 76.28 82.86 431.21
$= l;+rfO{ of]hgfx?
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 km]jf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL kf]v/f – !& ,
sf:sL
29 tf}lg:jf+/f l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL gfdfh'{ª
2 x]Dhf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL x]Dhf 30 kf]Nofª6f/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL l;4
3 kf]v/f hnpkof]u tyf l;+rfO{
k|0ffnL
kf]v/f 31 ;flb{vf]nf , k'/~rf}/ l;+rfO{
k|0ffnL
;flb{vf]nf ,
k'/~rf}/
4 lahok'/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy g=kf= 32 e}dn kmfF6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL Njfª3n]n
5 a]ugf; l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy g=kf= 33 bfud6f/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL y'DsL
6 pkNnf] nfxfrf]s l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL nfxfrf]s 34 tfd|f] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ldh'/]8fF8f
7 lwtfn l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL lwtfn 35 xk{g vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ebf}/] tfdfuL
8 3fGb|'s l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL 3fGb|'s 36 6f/Lv]t l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ebf}/] tfdfuL
9 n'Dn] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n'Dn] 37 sfp/] a]+lz l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL df5fk'R5|]
10 kfr]{ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL kfr]{ 38 z]/f kmf+6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL k'DbL e'DbL
11 lzz'jf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy g=kf= 39 lwk|fªkmf+6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL df5fk'R5|]
12 ;flb{vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ;flb{vf]nf 40 ofgf{ kmf+6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ldh'/]8f+8f
13 pkNnf] 3frf]s l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL df5fk'R5|] 41 tNnf] clwsf/L kmfF6 l;+rfO{
k|0ffnL
k'/~rf}?
14 dlb{afª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL Njfª3n]n 42 s'nv]t l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL s[lit
15 l/efg l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL nfxfrf]s 43 l;dna]+l; l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL Njfª3n]n
16 Njfª3n]n gof+ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL Njfª3n]n 44 /f3]rf}/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
17 hf]uLrf}/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL nfxfrf]s 45 lsda]+l; l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy g=kf=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
299
18 lwtfn l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL lwtfn 46 5]nfª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
19 3frf]s l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL 3frf]s 47 ;'/f}bL vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
20 n'Dn] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n'Dn] 48 l;lnjfª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
21 lrd|f] kmfF6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL bf+ul;+u 49 rf}/f;L s"nf] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
22 lsda]+l; l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL a]ugf; 50 jflb{vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
23 emf]jfª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ;Nofg 51 c3f]{ a8x/] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
24 ;f+lwv]t l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ebf}/] tfdfuL 52 pkNnf] bjfsL l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
25 tNnf[] nfxfrf]s l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL nfxfrf]s 53 k'DbL6f/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
26 u8'jf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy g=kf= 54 /fO{r] vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
27 P];]n'rf}/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffn rfkfsf]6
55
cGo – hf]uLkfgL ,k'DbLsf]6, –ofn]6f/ , 7'nfv]t
, u}/Lv]t, l5kfª , dlb{jfª ,enfaf]6,bfg]vf]nf,
kf+pb'/ vf]nf , dfemla+8L , enfd,l;lnjfª
cfbL_
28 O{bLvf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL ;}d/fª
Yfk l;+rfO{sf of]hgf
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 j/fbL vf]nf l;+|rfO{ of]hgf ?kfsf]6 85 kfTn]vf]nf s'nf]d'gL l;+rfO{ df}hf
2 u'?Ë s'nf] dd{t of]hgf nfdfv]t b]p/fnL 86 l;Gs' wfgv]t l;+rfO{ df}hf
3 l;ofn] v]t l;+rfO{ of]hgf y'DsL 87 s';'/] j]6]6f/L l;+rfO{ kf]v/f
4 ljdnL s'nf] dd{t of]hgf l;¢ 88 nfdfv]t l;+rfO{ df}hf
5 8f]6]ns'gf s'nf] dd{t of]hgf b]p/fnL 89 ufpFa]zL l;+rfO{ df}hf
6 ;f]tLv]t l;+rfO{ s'nf] dd{t y'DsL
90 uxt] / df5v8 s[lif s'nf]
lgdf{0f kf]v/f
7 ;ftj];L kf/L s'nf] dd{t b]p/fnL 91 lu/]8fF8f l;+rfO{ df}hf
8 ef]n]{ l;+rfO{ of]hgf ?kfsf]6 92 gf}lj;] l;+rfO{ df}hf
9 9f8vf]nf lr;fkfgL s'nf] dd{t b]p/fnL 93 sfkmns'gf] / rvf{ l;+rfO{ df}hf
10 kf]NofË6f/ l;+rfO{ of]hgf l;¢ 94 cnf}+r] 3fdL{vf]nf a]zL l;+rfO{ kf]v/f
11 ljd]/]b]jL :yfg s'nf] dd{t b]p/fnL
95 ux6]vf]nf rgf}6] l;+rfO{ s'nf]
lgdf{0f kf]v/f
12 jv} s'nf] dd{t y'DsL 96 ;LnLjfª l;rfO{ ebf}/]
13 5x/] vf]nf l;+rfO{ of]hgf ?kfsf]6 97 8'8]kmf6 l;rfO{ ebf}/]
14 b/ufdtf/ l;+rfO{ of]hgf y'DsL 98 /tLvf]nf l;rfO{ ebf}/]
15 cDr/L s'nf] dd{t of]hgf b]p/fnL 99 ;]/fj]zL l;rfO{ ;/fªsf]6
16 ld> s'gf s'nf] dd{t of]hgf ?kfsf]6,
b]p/fnL
100
rfnL;] l;rfO{ ;/fªsf]6
17 5x/] v'nf s'nf] l;+rfO{ of]hgf ?kfsf]6 101 vf]nfv]t l;rfO{ ;/fªsf]6
18 lr/ufbL 6f/ l;+rfO{ of]hgf 102 h/Lhf]nf l;rfO{ rfkfsf]6
19 k'8L6f/ l;+rfO{ of]hgf 103 rLqfvf]nf df;]{ l;rfO{ rfkfsf]6 -
gofFj:tL_
20 9f]8j];L l;+rfO{ of]hgf
104 kfnjkfgL cf?jf]6 lgdfg]
l;rfO{ rfkfsf]6
21 ljk|m]sf] ;f]tf] e'ldut l;+rfO{ of]hgf 105 j]TofgL l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
22 s'ln{ª ;'/f}bL vf]nf l;+rfO{ of]hgf 106 nf}8s l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
300
23 yfdf{ l;+rfO ldh/']8f8f 107 j]TofgL rfnL;] l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
24 88'jf s'nf] l;+rfO{ x+;k'/ 108 7"nLkf]v/L nfn{sLjf/L l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
25 :jtf] sNn]/L l;+rfO efrf]s 109 7f]6\g]vf]nf l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
26 j'Dn]vf]nf tf;]kmfF6 l;+rfO ;}d/fË 110 7"nfv]t ebfn] l;rfO{ sf:sLsf]6
27 so8f8f s'nf] lg= x+;k'/
111 gf=;=s]= rfg] vf]nf l;bL{ kmfF6
l;+rfO{ (LGCDP) 3fGb|'s
28 l;Dn] l;+rfO{ ldh/']8f8f
112
j];L kfTn]v]t ;fgf l;+rfO{
of]hgf n'Dn]
29 Olbkmf6 l;+rfO ;}d/fË
113 lvp cfªjfª PSn] l;|+rfO{
of]hgf bfªl;Ë
30 kx/] s'nf] l;+rfO{ efrf]s
114 lj/]7fF6L–/}b' nfdv]t lrd?Ë
l;+rfO{ bfªl;Ë
31 Rofb] l;+rfO{ ldh/']8f8f
115 jf/Lvf]nf–kfTn]v]t–Ejf/Lv]t–
le/d'gL l;+rfO{ ;Nofg
32 gof s'nf] l;+rfO[ x+;k'/ 116 e'/uLpF vf]nf yf]kf l;+rfO{ 3fGb|'s
33 ;fKn]vfnf u}/L l;+rfO{ ;}d/fË 117 l;+rfO{ kfO{k dfu n'Dn]
34 7'nf]:jf/f s'nf] dd{t x+;k'/ 118 l;+rfO{ kfO{k dfu j];L kfTn]v]t n'Dn]
35 7'nf]s'nf] l;+rfO ldh/']8f8f
119 ;]d'gfu'df kf]v/L lgdf{0f ul/
j]+l;v]tdf l;FrfO{ of]hgf wDk';
36 uf]tfd]6f/L l;+rfO s'nf] dd{t efrf]s
120
Jof8vf]nf l;FrfO{ !, s"nf] dd{t
e'gvf]nf−@ wDk';
37 dfems'nf] l;+rfO{ x+;k'/
121 k}o'Fvf]nf x'Fb} ODsfjf/L l;FrfO{
of]hgf Njfª3n]n
38 jfbL{vf]nf d'u|Lj];L l;+rfO{ qmdfut ldh/]8f8f
122 cFw]/Lvf]nf le/d'gL l;FrfO{
of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
39 rfln;] s'nf] l;+rfO{ of]hgf sflnsf 123 5/5/] l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
40 af+o6f/L l;+rfO{ s'nf] cfof]hgf sflnsf
124
/fpGg]jf]6 x'b} w'lksf] l8n ;Dd
l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
41 ljhok"/ gx/ lgdf{0f dd{t ;+ef/
125 7f8f]vf]nf b]lv cfFksf] vf]nf
;Dd l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
42 ;'gk+b]nL kmf+6 l;+rfO{ of]hgf
126 ;}ltvf]nf b]lv /8f l;FrfO{
of]hgf Njfª3n]n
43 8'+vf]nf s6'jf l;+rfO{ of]hgf 127 7'nfrf}/ l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
44 k+rf;] s'nf] l;+rfO dfem7fgf 128 z]/frf}/ l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
45 ;fpg]kfgL u}x|L:jf/f s'nf] dfem7fgf 129 l;dnj];L j[xb l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
46 cr{naf]6 l;+rfO{ s'nf]
130 efªvf]nf b]lv nfªbL e}dn
l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
47 9'+u]vf]nf dfGb|]9'+uf l;+rfO{ s'nf] dfem7fgf 131 jon8fF8f l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
48 kl/ emf}6f/L l;+rfO{ s'nf] dd{t n]=g=kf=
132 ª:of}? vf]nf−sfnLdf6L l;FrfO{
of]hgf Njfª3n]n
49 k/fOr] s'nf] l;+rfO{ s'nf] dd{t dfem7fgf 133 tfbLvf]nf l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
50 eujtL6f/ l;+rfO{ s'nf] dd{t dfem7fgf,
sflnsf
134 vfpvf]nf−5sd l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
51 e}+;] lrq]kmf+6 l;+rfO{s'nf] dd{t sflnsf 135 3n]n l;FrfO{ of]hgf Njfª3n]n
52 e"te"t] tNnfjf/L l;+rfO{ s'nf] lgdf{0f n]=g=kf= 136 lgjf/] l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
53 l;:g]/L e't]vf]nf l;+rfO{ s'nf] lgdf{0f sflnsf 137 sfduf8] l;FrfO{ s"nf] dd{t lwtfn
54 a]TofgLvf]nf l;+rfO{ of]hgf dfem7fgf 138 j'w'g] c:tfd]6f/L l;FrfO{ s'nf] lwtfn
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
301
dd{t
55 p/f] l;+rfO{ of]hgf kfr]{ 139 j]+l;6f]n l;FrfO{ s'nf] dd{t lwtfn
56 O{lb vf]nf tf/sfË l;+rfO{ of]hgf
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
140
l;Dn] -tNnf]_ / l;Dn]jf]6
l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
57 j}gfkmfF6 7"nf] l;+rfO{ of]hgf
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
141 dfemj]0fL v]t l;FrfO{ of]hgf l9s'/kf]v/L
58 /f]nLkmfF6 l;+rfO{ of]hgf
gfdfh'{Ë
142 nfdfvf]l/of−r'lxg] kx/f
l;FrfO{ of]hgf
l9s'/kf]v/L
59
lbDnL HofDb'Ë kmfF6 l;+rfO{ of]hgf
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
143
;';fpg] jf6 kmNn]8fF8f x'Fb} u}/]
lj8L, 7"nfv]t l8xL l;d/fjf]6 /
d6\6Lvfg ;Ddsf] l;FrfO{ s'nf]
lgdf{0f ug]{
60 tf/sfË :jfF/f kfO{k l;+rfO{ of]hgf
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
144
;fFbL t];]{ s'nf] dd{t lgdf{0f nfxfrf]s
61 s[lif gofFufFp l;+rfO{ of]hgf
kfr]{
145 s'N5f s/fªo] l;+rfO{ s'nf]
lg/Gt/tf l/efg
62 h's]vf]]nf l;rfO{ of]hgf
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
146
n:tLvf]nf d'na];L l;+rfO{
of]hgf 3frf]s
63
;]n6f/L l;+rfO of]hgf
kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
147
afFwsf] gfsb]lv cfgGbahf/
7fF6L x'Fb} vx/] l8n];Dd v]t
l;+rfO{ -l/efg !,@,#,$,^_
l/efg
64 wf]jLvf]nf j'9fj];L l;rfO{ of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
148
nfxfrf]s pkNnf] n:tL l;+rfO{
of]hgf j8f g+=!—(_
65 ¢f/kmfF6 l;rfO s'nf] dd{t kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
149 cGgk"0f{ l;+rfO{ gx/ of]hgf kf]v/f
66 7'nf kFw]/f] cdnrf}/ s'nf] dd{t kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
150
tNnf] nfxfrf]s l;+rfO{ of]hgf
n:tLvf]nf
67 vfgk'/ l;+rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
151
kl/of/ 6f]n x'Fb} 7s'/Ly/
;Ddsf] hf]8g] s'nf] lgdf{0f Pj+
dd{t
efrf]s
68 l;/jfgL l;rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
152
sN5f s/fË] 7"nfv]t l;+rfO{
kf6:o'af6 Nofpgsf] nflu
l/efg j8f g+=^,&,*,(
l/efg
69 bD;fbL l;rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
153
;]tLd'n ;fgf] le/s6]/f l;+rfO{
s'nf] nfxfrf]s
70 wf]jLvf]nf l;+rfO dd{t ;+ef/ kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
154
9'ªuLd l;+rfO{ of]hgf dd{t
tyf ;Def/ -j8f g+=& / (_
71 km]bLkf6g l;+rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
155
hf]uLrf}/ l;+rfO{ s'nf] dd{t
nfxfrf]s * nfxfrf]s
72 hf8kfgL 9'Ë]kfgL l;rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
156
3f/L l;+rfO{ s'nf] j8f g+=(
nfxfrf]s -gf=;=;]af6 dfu_ nfxfrf]s
73 /lrrf}/ l;rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=
kf=
157
tNnf] nfxfrf]s l;+rfO{ dfem
s'nf] x'Fb} tNnv08 ;Dd s'nf]
dd{t
nfxfrf]s
74 9'Ëf5]8] kmf6df l;rfO{sf] nfuL s'nf]
lgdf{0f kf]v/f
158
;flb{vf]nf k'?Grf}/ gx/ s'nf]]
lgdf{0f ;fbL{vf]nf
75 cfj{3f/L r}t] s'nf] k'glgdf{0f kf]v/f 159 ;fx's'nf] h]luguf8] zfvf s'nf] k'?Grf}/
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
302
lgdf{0f
76 a'nf}bL vf]nfnfO{ Aoj:yLt ug{ gx/
lgdf{0f, kf]v/f & kf]v/f
160
rf}/ l;+rfO{ ;fbL{vf]nf
77 l;rfO{ s'nf] dd{t kf]v/f !& kf]v/f 161 pOb' j]l; l;+rfO{ df5fk'R5\]
78 s'gfv]t l;rfO{
kf]v/f
162 sfnfd'8f ;x]nf lr?jf t'Ds]
hf]lud0fL dh'jf l;+rfO{ cd{nf
79 sflnvf]nf b]vL !& ;o kmfF6 -enfd_
l;+rfO{ kf]v/f
163
b]f]efgv]fnf So"lb l;+rfO{ -
;efzb dfkm{t_ ;fbL{vf]nf
80 bflxg] vf]nf Hofld/] l;+rfO{ of]hgf df}hf 164 ax'/]nL s'nf] l;+rfO{ k'?Grf}/
81 7f8f]vf]nf Hofld/] l;+rfO{ of]hgf df}hf 165 ;fx's'nf] ] lgdf{0f k'?Grf}/
82 nfdfrf}/ ef]6Lvf]nf l;+rfO{ of]hgf kf]v/f 166 z]/f s'n]f k'?Grf}/
83 3t]{ ;x]nf] l;+rfO{ kf]v/f 167 3fdL{vf]nf–h};] v]t l;+rfO{ cd{nf
84 l;:g]kfgL drf/L l;+rfO{ kf]v/f
168 lspbL vf]nf vfb/h'+u l;+rfO{
s'nf] lgdf{0f ;flb{vf]nf
% ko{6g M
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 sf]6 sflnsf dlGb/ Eo"6fj/ y'DsL 52 sfx'Fw/x/fdf jfOgfs'n/ lgdf{0f kf]v/f
2 sflnsf dlGb/ Eo"6fj/ dlGb/ b]p/fnL
53
:yfgfktL lzjdGbL/ kl/;/nfO{
ko{6sLo :yn lgdf{0f kf]v/f
3
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f lr;fkfgL yfKn]
?kfsf]6–!, le/rf]s, ?kfsf]6–&,
e}/jsf]6 ko{6g k|j¢{g
54 csnfb]jL u'?of]hgf lgdf{0fsf
nflu /sd dfu ug]{ kf]v/f
4 tfn lsgf/f ;+/If0f ?kfsf]6
55 dx]Gb| u'kmf b]lv dfOsf] yfg x'Fb
d0fL;Dd ko{6sLo l;+8L lgdf{0f kf]v/f
5 e+u/fdf lkslgs :kf]6{; ?kfsf]6
56 enfd @) x'b} sfx'Fw/x/f k}}bndfu{
lgldf{0f kf]v/f
6 /f]on 6«fs dfu{ Aoj:yfkg ?kfsf]6 57 e'd] :yfgdf vf=kf=6+sL lgdf{0f kf]v/f
7 km's]9'Ë b]vL ls/fsf] vf]/ ;Dd k}bn
ko{6g dfu{ ?kfsf]6
58 df}nf ;+/If0f df}hf
8
e}/j dlGb/ d}bfg e]/]8fF8f lerf]{ssf]6
xflt d]xtf lth'8fF8f lr;fkfgL, yfKn]
df]xf]l/of x'Fb} ;u|jf;
?kfsf]6
59 rgf}6] b]lv dl0f 3fdL{ ko{6s dfu{
l;8L lgdf{0f kf]v/f
9
;'Ntfg] zlxb u]6 l;9L lgdf{0f n]=g=kf=
60
csnf b]jL dlGb/ b]lv afljof
t/f;Dd ko{6s dfu{df l;8L
lgdf{0f
kf]v/f
10 kf+8]y'd 6fj/ lgdf{0f
61
cdnf lj;fpgL b]lv
e'gkx/];Ddsf] kfvf]df k|fs[lts
lrl8of vfgf lgdf{0f
kf]v/f
11 n]=g=kf=sf tfnx?df ko{6g k|j4{g
62 e'ldk'Hg] :yfg dlGb/ lgdf{0f -
3fdL{_ kf]v/f
12 dlgnfn8f8f x'8Lsf]6 k'm6\6ofs dgL 8fF8fdf Eo"6fj/df tnf yk kf]v/f
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
303
lgdf{0f tyf x'+8Lsf]6df 6fj/ lgdf{0f
13 :ofsn'Ë sf]6df ko{6g Eo'6fj/
lgdf{0f x+;k'/
63
a}bfd—h/]j/—Uof/hflt—
;/fsf]6ª—l9s'/kf]v/L—sf:sLsf]6—
ebf}/]—kFrf;]—dsjfgk'/—38]/L—
k'DbL—5f]/]kf6g 6] «sLª ?6 lgdf{0f
14 nDt/L Eo'6fj/ lgdf{0f ;}d/fË,
efrf]s
64
km]jftfn hnfwf/ If]q jf
rqmkyLo ;fO{sn 6 «ofs lgdf{0f
15 lzjfno y'DsL d'u|Lj];L ko{6g dfu{ ldh'/] 65 u'?Ë ;+u|fxno lgdf{0f 3fGb|'s
16 efn] r'r'/f Eo'6fj/ ldh'/]
66 j8f g+= % sf] d0fL / ( sf]lztn
u'kmf ;+/If0f ;Nofg
17 xf]d:6] ;+rfng $
uf=lj=';=
67
wDk'; kf]yfgf tf]Nsf x'Fb} nfGb|'s
sf]sf/, dlb{ lxdfn ko{6g dfu{
dd{t ;+ef/
n'Dn]
18 jfrf}[s nDt/L k}bn dfu{ lg= ;}d/fË
68 lj/]7fF6L–cfªjfË–bfªl;Ë yfd8fF8f
k¥Ro"+ x'Fb} 3fGb|'s jg7fF6L k'Ug] k}bd
ko{6sLo dfu{
bfªl;Ë
19 efrf]s nDt/L ko{{6lso k}bn dfu{ efrf]s
69 ko{6sLo ;"rgf s]Gb| Onfsf:t
/
20 x+;k'/ uf=lj=;=nfO{ ko{6g uGtJo
uf=lj=;= 3f]if0f ug]{ x+;k'/
70
Sofgf]lgª ufO8 tflnd j]l;s /
P8efG; sf]if{ Njfª3n]n
21 OGb| u'kmf Eo'6fj/ lgdf{0f x+;k'/ @
71
8f= xs{rGb| ldª\df :d[lt
nfnLu'F/f; Osf] kfs{ lgdf}0f /
6fj/ lgdf{0f wDk';
22
ko{6g u'?of]hgf tof/L sfo{qmd Onfsf:t/
72
ko{6g kfs{ lgdf{0f ;lxt Eo' 6fj/
lgdf{0f -uflj; jf6 Doflrª km08
5'l6\6Psf]_
l9s'/kf]v
/L
23
P]ltxf+l;s /f]on 6|\ofs leqsf rf}tf/f
l;9L af6f] nufotsf k"jf{wf/ ;+/If0f
of]hgf
73 j[xb ko{6g sfo{qmd ;Frfng lwtfn
24 xf]d:6] k|jw{g ;+rfng dfem6fgf
74
dlb{ lxdfnsf] klxrfgnfO{
ljZj:t/;FDd k'¥ofpg dlb{ lxdfn
If]qsf[ ;Dk'0f{ kbdfu{df kbofqLsf
nflu ;fOg kf]li6ª ug]{ Njfª3n]n
25 Eo"6fj/ lgdf{0f, 7"nfsf]6 sflnsf
75 ;}lt36\6 gf} 9f]s] ko{6lso kbdfu{
lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
26 cfltYotf Pj+ ky k|bz{g tflnd Onfsf:t/
76
ko{6sLo dlGb/ tf/]j/fxsf] ;F/If0f
/ vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf Njfª3n]n
27 ko{6g dfu{ sflnsf :yfg, b]pdf8L,
rfkfrf}/ e}+;] lrq] x'+b} l;Sn];
77 7"nfrf}/ kFrf;] ko{6g dfu{ lgdf{0f
l9s'/kf]v
/L
28 b]jL:yfg cf?kf6f x'+b} zflGtd}bfg
l;+9Ljf6f] lgdf{0f of]hgf sflnsf
78
n'd|] 3n]n, sfnLdf6L, km/]i6
SofDk, nf] SofDk, xfO{SofDk x'Fb}
MBC ;Dd ko{6lso kbdfu{
lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
29 sljlz/f]d0fL hGd:yn ;flxToLs
ko{6g ljsf; of]hgf
n]vgfy
g=kf=
79
;}lt36\6 l;FbLª nf] SofDk,
xfO{SofDk x'Fb} dlb{lxdfn j]; SofDk
;Dd ko{6sLo kbdfu{ lgdf{0f ug]{ Njfª3n]n
30 ofËhfsf]6 Eo" 6fj/ lgdf{0f of]hgf y'dfsf] 80 kfpFb'/sf]6 df}nf lgdf{0f tyf l9s'/kf]v
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
304
8fF8f Joj:yfkg ug]{, xf]d:6] ;Frfng
ug]{
/L
31 l;Sn]; x'u' ko{6g ?6 dfu{ lgdf{0f kfr]{ 81 Sofgf]lgª k|jw{g sfo{qmd Njfª3n]n
32 yfs b]lv 3n]vs{ hfg] ko{6g ?6 dfu{ l;Nbh'/] 82 uf]?h'/], tf/]j/fxsf] ;F/If0f Njfª3n]n
33 s/k' 8fF8f / gf}h' 8fF8fdf Eo" 6fj/
lgdf{0f gfdf{h'Ë
83
hosf]6 Eo' 6fj/ lgdf{0f ;lxt
lkmNd :6'l8of] lgdf{0f ug]{ lwtfn
34 d§Lvfgf Eo"6fj/ kfs{ lgdf{0f
km'66\ofs kfpdgkf
84 lzjdGbL/ k'gMlgdf{0f
l9s'/kf]v
/L
35 zfGtL :t'k lxdfno Eo" koG6
k'DbLsf]6 km'66\ofs Pj+ kfs{ lgdf[0f kfpdgkf
85
dl0f cf>dsf] sDkfp08 lgdf{0f
tyf k'hf Joj:yfkg lwtfn
36 kmf]S;LËsf]6 sflnsf Eo" 6fj/ lgdf{0f
km'66\ofs ko{6g lkslgs :kf]6{ lgdf[0f kfpdgkf
86
kFr] afhf vl/b/gf}dlt jfhf vl/b
ug]{ lwtfn
37 k'DbLsf]6 u'? ofhgf 87 cd{nf Eo" 6fj/ lgdf{0f nfxfrf]s
38 jrnL dgsfdgf lkslgs :kf]6{ s[:tL
88 l/efg l8n] vx/]af6 cf]bfg] ko{6g
dfu{ lgdf{0f
39 hnb]jL dGbL/ kfs{ ;+/If0f
89 3frf]s j8f g+=@ l:yt e'd] a/fx
s'08 Joj:yfkg
40 jonL dgsfdgf lkslgs :kf]6{ kfpdgkf
90
d]njf]6 ltj]|sf]6 d0fL ko{6g
k"jf{wf/ l;+9L af6f] -
kf]]=p=d=g=kf=@&_
kf]v/f
41 dxfk|e'wfd ko{6sLo :yn k|jB{g
cfof]hgf
kf]v/f
p=k=g=kf
91 xf]d:6] tflnd
nfxfrf]s,
3frf]s,
l/efg
42 sfx'Fw/x/f ko{6g ljsf; sfo{qmd kf]v/f
92
x'DbL 8fF8f ufpF l/efg x'Fb} cf]bfg]
hfg] ko{6g dfu{
43 sfx'Fvf]nf lj;f}gf ljhok'/ wwfdu'kmf
6«]lsª ?6 lgdf{0f df}hf
93
j8f g+=& 3frf]s lrNnf/] 8fF8f;Dd
af6f] dd{t / Kof/fUnfO{l8Ë lj:tf/
44 3fdL{df xf]d:t] ;+rfng kf]v/f
94
nfxfrf]s dlb{k"n b]lv
uf=lj=;=ejg b]p/fnL dlGb/ n08f
b]lv v's]{ ;Ddsf] ko{6g dfu{
lj:tf/
45 xl/x/ u'kmf lj/]Gb| u'kmf / 3/3/nfO{
ko}6g :ynsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ kf]v/f
95
tftf]kfgL k'gllgdf{0f ;fbL{vf]nf
46 nfdfrf}/—rgf}6]—3fdL{8fF8f—dx]Gb|u'kmf
k}bndfu{ lgdf{0f -l;+9L lgdf{0f_ kf]v/f
96
6';] v'd} sf]r{g a'+uf lkk/ s?jf
kbdfu{ df5fk'R5\]
47 kf]v/f—!! k"mnaf/L b]lv sfx'Fw/x/f x'b}
enfd lj/]Gb| u'kmf hfg] kbdfu{ lgdf{0f
97
e'h"+uv]f]nf 3n]vs{ tf/flxn6k
l;Sn]; kbdfu{ ;fbL{vf]nf
48 e'd]sf] yfg hfg] af6f] -k}bndfu{_
lgdf{0f kf]v/f
98
k"?Grf}/ 8f8fdf Eo"6fj/ k'?Grf}/
49 33fd u'kmf ;+/If0f tyf ko{6sLo
:yn lgdf{0f df}hf
99
l;Dn]s'gf s'/s'df/L bdfxf9'+uf
l;4jfjf ;jh] l9ls8f8f kbdfu{ cd{nf
50 ljhok'/sf]6 df}nf ;+/If0f df}hf
100 df5fk'R5\] v'dfp s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f
/ v'dfp 8fF8fdf ko{6lso s]Gb| df5fk'R5\]
51 a/fsf] tyf sf]O/f]:of] ;+:s[lt ;+/If0f df}hf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
305
^= zf}rfno jf ;/;kmfO{
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno ahf/df b]p/fnL 36 gofFk'ndf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno ;Nofg
2
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno l;¢
37
ko{6sLo dfu{ 3fGb|'s ufpF /
5f]d?Ë ufpFdf ;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno 3fGb|'s
3
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno vf]nfsf] 5]p ?kfsf]6
38
lj/]7fF6L gofFahf/ ;fj{lhgs
zf}rfno, /fsf]6L ;fj{lhgs
zf}rfno
n'Dn]
4 ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno y'DsL
39
lj/]7fF6L , ltv]9'Ëf, lrd?Ë
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno bfªl;Ë
5 ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno ljofufpF
?kfsf]6
40 ufpF kl/ifb\af6 l;kmfl/; ePsf
;a}nfO{ /fVg]
6 sflnsf :yfgdf ;fj{hlgs
;f}rfno lgdf{0f
41
gfu8fF8f / sfF8]jhf/df !, !
j6f ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
7 Onfsf leq ljleGg :yfgdf
zf}rfno ,,
42
nfxfrf]s uf=lj=;=sf]
uf=lj=;=ejg, b]p/fnL dlGb/,
;ldau/, dlb{k"ndf ;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno lgdf{0f $ j6f
8 efrf]s j8f g+= ( y'D;Lsf]6df
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lg= efrf]s
43
3frf]s !—( ;Dd j8fdf
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno
9 ;'Gbj];L cfdf ;d'x ejg glhs
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lg= ldh'/]8f8f
44
l/efg j8f g+=$ sf] zfGtL3f6 /
j8f g+=& sf] zlxb :d[tL
ejgdf zf}rfno lgdf{0f
10 lvdfh]df ;j{hlgs zf}rfno lg= ;}d/fË
45 ldngrf]sdf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno
lgdf{0f x]Dhf
11 /fdsf]6 ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno x+;k'/
46 b'Uw ;+sng tyf t/sf/L
;+sng s]Gb|df @ j6f k'?Grf}/ ^
12 jf/rf]s j;:6k glhs ;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno lg= ;}d/fË
47
;flb{vf]nf ! rf]sdf zf}rfno ;flb{vf]nf
13 tfnj];L j;:6k glhs ;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno lg=
48
/]8qm; ejg df cd{nf
14 sflnsf jhf/df ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno sflnsf 49 u'/f;] e'd] v]nd}}bfgdf df5fk'R5\]
15 ;f}o{, eujtL6f/ / :ofªv'bL
8fF8fufpF zf}rfno lgdf0f{ dfem7fgf
50
vf/kfgLdf b'j}tkm{ @ j6f df5fk'R5\]
16 ;"rgfs]Gb| zf}rfno lgdf{0f n]=g=kf= 51 7fFl6, lrt]kfgL, /}s/ df $ j6f k'?Grf}/
17 dfbLj]zL e}}}+;] zf}rfno lgdf{0f sflnsf 45 lsda]+l; l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL n]vgfy
g=kf=
18 cf]dsf/]Zj/ dlGb/ k|fË0fdf
;fj}hlgs zf}rfno lgdf{0f sflnsf
46 5]nfª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
19 7'nfsf]6 e}/j dlGb/ kl/;/df
zf}rfno lgdf{0f
47 ;'/f}bL vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
20 j]n rf}tf/ ;fd'bflos zf}rfno
s[:tL s[:tL
48 l;lnjfª l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
21 hgr]tgf pRr df=jL= jflx/ u]6df
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lgd{nkf]v/L
49 rf}/f;L s"nf] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
306
22 ltnfxf/ ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno k'DbLe'DbL 50 jflb{vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
23 s[:tL dÝLvfgrf]s ;fj{hlgs
zf}rfno km';|vf]nf s[:tL
51 c3f]{ a8x/] l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
24 s[:tL $ Psxft] 7"nf rf}tf/f
;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lgdf0f{ s[:tL
52 pkNnf] bjfsL l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
25 :yfgfklt lzjdlGb/ kl/;/df
zf}rfno lgdf{0f j8f sfof{no kf]v/f
53 k'DbL6f/ l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
26 sfx'Fw/x/f If]qdf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno kf]v/f 54 /fO{r] vf]nf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL
&= Efmf]=k'=
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1
l;¢ ^ / y'DsL * hf]8\g] emf]=k"= -
;fny'DsL_ l;¢, y'DsL
38 /fo6f/L‒vx/]vf]nf emf]=k"=
ebf}/]
2 l;¢–& / y'DsL–$ hf]8\g] emf]=k"= l;¢, y'DsL 39 dfbLjfª emf]=k"= ebf}/]
3 l;¢ $ / l;¢ # hf]8\g] emf]=k"= l;¢ 40 kfDb]vf]nf emf]=k"= ebf}/]
4 ?kfsf]6 ^ / n]vgfy !$ hf]8\g]
emf]=k""= ?kfsf]6
41
6'gLvf]nf emf]=k"= ebf}/]
5 tfnj];Ldf emf]=k"= -tfnj];L /
n]=g=kf= !!_
42
Xo'dvf]nf emf]=k"= ebf}/]
6 df6]/xdf emf]=k"= b]p/fnL
43 u}/LjfË / cfªjfË hf]8\g] emf]=k"=
lgdf{0f bfªl;Ë
7 ;]tL glb sf]q] / tNnf]k'8L hf]8\g]
emf]=k'
44
sf]N6], e§L / km"nLjfË emf]=k"=
dd{t 3fGb|'s
8 k'm;{]vf]nf dfn]kf6g / ;]/fj];L
hf]8\g] k'n
45 ler's 3§]vf]nf emf]=k"= lgdf{0f n'Dn]
9 ;'/f}bLvf]nf ljld/] kfgLrf}/ emf]=k'=
dd{t
46
n'P/f ;fFemvf]nf / wf]ltvf]nf
emf]=k"= lgdf{0f ;Nofg
10 df}/Lj];L emf]n'Ë] k'n x+;k'/
47
;fj]t df}hf hf]8\g] emf]=k"=
lgdf{0f bfªl;Ë
11 a'Dn]vf]nf emf]=k'= ;}d/fË
48
tf]Nsf nfGb|'s ldbL vf]nf emf]=k"=
dd{t n'Dn]
12 ?bLvf]nf emf]=k'=
ldh'/]8f8f
% s/fk' !
nDh'
49 l;pnL emf]=k"= dd{t n'Dn]
13 Olbvf]nf emf]=k'=
;}d/fË #
y'dfsf]8f8f
$
50 ABC Route df kg]{ lxdSo"+
vf]nf emf]=k"= lgdf{0f 3fGb|'s
14 RofbLbf]efg emf]=k'= ldh'/]8f8f
(
51
ltdLvf]nf emf]=k"= dd{t b'a}
Abutment klx/f]n] IftL ePsf] n'Dn]
15 sfp/] ds}vf]nf hf]8\g] tNnf]
a'Dn]vf]nf emf]=k'= efrf]s
52
l9s'/kf]v/L ! / sf:sLsf]6
hf]8\g] 7f]6\g]vf]nfdf emf]=k'= lg= l9s'/kf]v/L
16 nfdfv]t - sfx'/] ljhok'/vf]nf
emf]=k'=
53
j8f g+= # / ( af6 7'nfrf}/
KofpbL hfgsf nflu emf]=k'= lg= l9s'/kf]v/L
17 s:of/L sflnsf emf]=k''=
54
vf]/fsf] d'v Njfªvn]n ! lwtfn
% hf]8\g] emf]=k'= lg= Njfª3n]n
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
307
18 lrq y'dfsf]8f+8f dfbLgbL emf]=k'=
55
3fGb|'s uf=lj=;= / Njfª3n]n
uf=lj=;= hf]8\g] jfDaf]df emf]=k'=
lg=
19 n]vgfy % /ftdf6faf6 kf]v/f
hf]8\g] emf]=k'=
56 ;fdjf/] emf]=k'= lg=
20 e'h'Ëvf]nf emf]=k"= lgdf{0f
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
57 tfbLvf]nf emf]=k'= lg=
21 jfs{vf]nfdf 6 «; emf]=k"= lgdf{0f kfr]{
58
sf]n]nL 3n]n hf]8\g] ko{6lso
emf]=k'= lg=
22 tfFuLvf]nf emf]=k"= lgdf{0f gfdfh'{Ë 59 l;lbªdf ljlkPn k'n lg=
23 ;lj, 36\6]]vf]nf emf]=k"= dd{t
l;Nbh'/]
60 klx/]vf]nf ;'G6g/L3f6 ;]tf3f6
hf]8\g] emf]=k'= lg= l9s'/kf]v/L
24 jqm]zfxL eGHofË emf]=k'=dd{t
;fljs % s[[:tL
61 Olbvf]nf emf]=k'= dd{t wDk'; &
25 nfdfrf}/ x]Dhf hf]8\g] afljot/fdf
k'n lgdf{0f kf]v/f
62
e]8fjf/L b]lv l/efg hf]8\g]
emf]=k'= lg=
26 ;fljs enfd ^ / # hf]8\g] enfd
vf]nfdf kSsL k"n kf]v/f
63
cfgGb ahf/ b]lv k|fylds
:jf:Yo s]Gb| lwtfn e]8faf/L !
l/efg $ emf]=k'=lgdf{0f
27 :ofgL vf]nfdf kSsLk"n lgdf{0f df}hf
64 3frf]s j8f g+=@ af6f nfxfrf]s
j8f g+=! Hff]8g] k"n lgdf{0f
28 7'n;] HofdL/] df}hf & emf]=k"= df}hf
65
lwtfn / nfxfrf]s * -dlb{vf]nf
dfly emf]=k'=-kf]v/f vfg]kfgL
afFwg]/_
29 ufpFvf]nfdf emf]=k'=lgdf{0f df}hf
66 3frf]s j8f g+=@ af6 j8f g+=%
hf]8\g] emf]=k'=lgdf{0f
30 ;fljs enfd & / # hf]8\g]
enfdvf]nfdf emf]=k"= kf]v/f
67
dlb{ vfg]kfgL afFw x]Dhf
nfxfrf]s hf]8g] emf]=k'=lgdf{0f
31 rf;' -df}hf / l;Nbh'/] hf]8\g]_ kSsL
k'n df}hf
68
9fj e'h'+u v]fnf / d/|of+u3f6
hf]8g] k'?Grf}/
32 d'nvf]nfdf emf]=k'=lgdf{0f df}hf
69 ;flb{v]fnf df5fk'R5\] ;]ltglb
emf]k' ;fbL{vf]nf
33 nfdfrf}/ / cd{nf hf]8\g]
3fdL{vf]nfdf emf]=k"=lgdf{0f kf]v/f
70
nfdfrf}/ e'gk/] k'?Grf}/ emf]k' k'?Grf}/
34 aflgof y/ kf]=p=g=kf=!^ / ! Hff]8g
;]tL gbL dfly klSs k"n kf]v/f
71
sf]lbvf]nf lwk|f+u emf]k' df5fk'R5\]
35 7f]6\g] vf]nf emf]=k"= sf:sLsf]6 72 ;flb{v]fnf k'?Grf}/ ! emf]k' ;fbL{vf]nf
36 df;]{vf]nf emf]=k"= rfkfsf]6 73 lst'v]fnf emf]=k"= df5fk'R5\]
37 xf8Lvf]nf emf]=k"= rfkfsf]6
*= ejg tyf ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f of]hgf
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 uf=lj=;= ejgdf ;efxn lgdf{0f sflnsf
52 tf]uL jx'pB]lzo ;fd'bflos ejg
lg= ;}d/fË
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
308
2 l;Nbh'/] uflj; ejg lgdf{0f l;Nbh'/] 53 blnt ;fd'bflos ejg ldh'/]
3 j8f ejg lgdf{0f y'dfsf]
8fF8f
54 cd/ Hof]lt cfdf ;d'x ejg lg= ldh'/]
4 j8f sfof{no ejg lgdf0f{
k'DbLe'DbL
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
55 blnt ;fd'bflos ejg dd{t x+;k'/
5 g]kfn /]8s|; ;f];fO6L pkzfvf
kf]v/fsf] ejg lgdf0f{
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
56 dfemufp ;fd'bflos ejg dd{t ;}d/fË
6 ;fd'bfos ejg lgdf0f{ s[itL sd]/] kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
57
pkNnf] ;fKn] ;fd'bflos ejg
dd{t ;}d/fË
7 ;fd'bflo ejg lgdf{0f -s[:tL #
sd]/]_ kf]v/f
58 xif]{ cfdf ;d'x ejg dd{t ldh'/]
8 g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L pkzfvf
kf]v/fsf] ejg lgdf{0f kf]v/f
59
;}d/fË uf=lj=;= ejg lg=
qmdfut ;}d/fË
9 g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L kf]v/f @)
df ejg lgdf{0f kf]v/f
60
w\'jk'/ ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f sflnsf
10 uf=lj=;= ejg bfËl;Ë 61 dfem7fgf ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f dfem7fgf
11 d];/d j/fx df=lj= 5fqfjf; 3fGb|'s
62
l;h{glzn jx'p4]lZoo ;fd'bflos
ejg sflnsf
12 jx'pkof]uL ejg÷t/sf/L ;+sng
s]Gb| n'Dn]
rfjfrf}/ ;fd'bflos ejg sflnsf
13 ;fd'bflod ejg gofFk'n ;Nofg
63 eujtL ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|
ejg lgdf{0f dfem7fgf
14 ;]Gr'/L o'jf Snj ejg lgdf{0f 3fGb|'s
64 ;fd'bflos ;]jfs]Gb| -k|x/L_ ejg
lgdf{0f sflnsf
15 ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn] 65 jfnSnjsf] ejg lgdf{0f n]=g=kf=
16 sf]6 df}nf ;fd'bflos ejg bfªl;Ë
66 cf/wgf 6f]n lfsf; ;+:yf ejg
dd{t n]=g=kf=
17 ckfË ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn]
67 ;fd'bflos ljsf; ;d"x ejg
lgdf{0f, dfem8LxL
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
18 j8f ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn] 68 /f]xLkmfF6 ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f gfdfh'{Ë
19 uflj; ejg wDk'; 69 ;f]+wfdf ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f kfr]{
20 uflj; ejg lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L,
Njfª3n]n
70 lj>fjg ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f
y'dfsf]
8fF8f
21 gf=;=s]=sf] ejg lgdf{0f Onfsf:t/
71 lzjzlQm ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f y'dfsf]
8fF8f
22 pbo df=lj= wDk';sf] !) sf]7]
ejg lgdf{0f wDk';
72
hghfu/0f jx'på]zLo ;fd'bflos
cWofog s]G› ejg lgdf0f{
lgd{nkf]v/L
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
23 gf}8fF8f 6«]lsª x]=kf]=sf] ejg
lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
73
js|]s zfxL eGhfË ;fd'bflos
ejg lgdf0f{
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
24 s[lif tyf kz' ;]jf s]Gb| ejg
lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
74
w'j{tf/f cfdf ;d"x sf] ejg
lgdf0f{
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
25 ( j6} j8fdf j8f ejg lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
75 ltnfxf/ ;fd'bflos jx'pb]zLo
ejg
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
26 Onfsf x'nfs sfof{nosf] ejg
lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
76
;fd'bfos ejg lgdf0f{ s[itL
sd]/]
kf]=p=d=g=kf
=
27 gfu8fF8f Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf] l9s'/kf]v/L 77 kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L ;+sng kf]=p=d=g=kf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
309
ejg lgdf{0f s]Gb| ejg lgd{nkf]v/L =
28 j8f g+= %,^,& sf] j8f ejg lg= 78 j]n3f/L 6f]n ljsf; ;+:yf ejg kf]v/f
29 ufpF3/ lsNlgs ;fd'bflos ejg x]Dhf
79
;fd'bflo ejg lgdf{0f -s[:tL #
sd]/]_ kf]v/f
30 gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb| ejg
qmdfut nfxfrf]s
80 dfO{sf] yfgdf 7fF6L lgdf{0f
31 ;T;+u ejg lgdf{0f ;a}
uf=lj=;=
81
df}hf ax'p2]ZoLo ;fd'bflos
cWoog s]Gb|sf] ejg df}hf
32 blnt ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f nfxfrf]s 82 lj=lk=:d[tL ejg lgdf{0f kf]v/f
33 gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb| ejg lgdf{0f 3frf]s 83 l8xLsf] ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f kf]v/f
34 uflj; ejg ;efxn df5fk'R5\]
84
ufoqL jx'p2]ZoLo ;fd'bflos
ejgsf] tNnf yk kf]v/f
35 uflj; ejg ;efxn ;flb{vf]nf 85 l;tnfb]jL cfdf ;d"x ejg dd{{t df}hf
36 uflj; ejg ;efxn k'?Grf}/
86
df}hf # / % l;tf cfdf ;d"x
ejg lgdf{0f df}hf
37 gful/s ;r]tgf ejg
# j6}
uflj;
87 xl/x/ cfdf ;d"x ejg lgdf{0f kf]v/f
38
k|x/L rf}ls lgdf{0f ;flb{vf]nf
88
lzjfno dlxnf ljsf; jrt tyf
C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ejg
lgdf{0f
df}hf
39 ufpF ;'wf/ cfdf ;d'x ejg
lgdf{0f k'?Grf}/
89
sfpn]‒rfkfsf]6 ;f= ejg sf:sLsf]6
40 zf/bf dflj ejg lgdf{0f df5fk'R5\]
90
jx'pkof]uL ejg÷t/sf/L ;+sng
s]Gb| n'Dn]
41 kmNofËsf]6 j[¢f>d ejg 91 ;fd'bflod ejg gofFk'n ;Nofg
42 gjk|eft jx'p2]ZoLo dlxnf
;fd'bflos ejg b]p/fnL
92 ;]Gr'/L o'jf Snj ejg lgdf{0f 3fGb|'s
43 cfdf ;d"x Pj+ s[ifs ejg y'DsL 93 ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn]
44 blnt sd{sf08 ejg b]p/fnL 94 sf]6 df}nf ;fd'bflos ejg bfªl;Ë
45 lxdb[io Snj ;fd'bflos ejg ?kfsf]6 95 ckfË ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn]
46 l;h{glzn ;fd'bflos ejg ?kfsf]6 96 tf]Nsf cfdf ;d"x ejg lgdf{0f n'Dn]
47 Onfsf blnt ;fd'bflos ejg ?kfsf]6 97 dlxnf ;fd'bflos ejg wDk';
48 ljZjsd{ ;fd'bflos ejg ?kfsf]6 98 k"?Grf}/ 8f8fdf Eo"6fj/ k'?Grf}/
49 cfdf ;d"x ejg l;¢
99 l;Dn]s'gf s'/s'df/L bdfxf9'+uf
l;4jfjf ;jh] l9ls8f8f kbdfu{ cd{nf
50 efrf]s ( y'D;Lsf]6 s:of/Ldf
;fd'bflos ejg lg= efrf]s
100
df5fk'R5\] v'dfp s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f
/ v'dfp 8fF8fdf ko{6lso s]Gb| df5fk'R5\]
51 x+;k'/ j8f g++ ! / @ df 7'nLj];L
;fd'bflos ejg lg= x+;k'/
(= df]6/]jn k'n tyf sNe6{ of]hgf
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1
n]=g=kf= !% b]lv b]p/fnL @ hf]8\g]
df]6/]jn k'n b]p/fnL
38
cfksf]vf]nfdf df]6/jn k'n lg= Njfª3n]n
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
310
2 ?kfsf]6 / n]]=g=kf ljr cjl:yt
v/jf/L 6'F8f]df df]6/]jn k'n ?kfsf]6
39 cw]/Lvf]nf df]6/jn k'n lg=
l9s'/kf]v/L
3 eGofª3f6 n]=g=kf= @ / rd]/]3f6
hf]8\g] ;]tL glbd_ n]=g=kf=
40 ;'k]{vf]nf df]6/]jn k'n
wDk'; (
Njfn3n]n
@
4 ltsnfª d';]8f8f+ kfp/xfp;
df]6/]jn k'n n]g=kf=
41
8f8fufp b]lv Olbvf]nfdf
e]8fjf/Lsf] df]6/]jn k'n lwtfn
5 ;''u'/]j'8] Ko"/L bf]efg df]6/]jn k'n n]=g=kf=/
:ofªhf
42 kf}vf]nf df]6/]jn k'n
Njfª3n]n
$ lwtfn
%
6 rf]/df/f –nfd]cfxfn k'n n]=g=kf= n]]] g=kf=
43 ;}tLvf]nfdf df]6/]jn k'n Njfª3n]n
*
7 jiff{ s'lnË kSsL k'n
44 k'nk'nfdf df]6/]jn k'n Njfª3n]n
(
8 ;ft d'xfg] uug uf}8f df]= k'n-
v'bLvf]nf_ n]]] g=kf=
45 sf]~r]/vf]nf df]6/]jn k'n Njfª3n]n
9 dfbj];L sNofË s[i0f3f6 df]6/]jn
k'n
x+;k'/ #
s/fk'!
46 tflbvf]nf df]6/]jn k'n
10 Olbglb df]6/]jn k'n y'dfsf]8f8f
& ;}d/fË*
47 s:o'?vf]nf df]6/]jn k'n
11 sf]On]gL ef6j];L df]6/]jn k'n x+;k'/ !
ndh'Ë
48 sf]/r] kfvfdf df]6/]jn k'n
12 ?bLglb df]6/]jn k'n
ldh'/] %
nDh'Ë
s/fk' !
49
s[lif ;8s sNe6{ lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
13 rd]/]cf]8f/ df]6/]jn k'n x+;k'/ %
ldh'/] %
50
tfbLvf]nf df]6/]jn sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
14 rd]/]3f6 kSsLk'n
n]=g=kf=
kf]vf/f
51
kf}vf]nf df]6/]jn sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
15 lzz'jf cf?kf6f hf]8\g] b]p/fnLvf]nf
kSsLk'n
52
n'd|]sf] k'5f/df df]6/]jn sNe6{
lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
16 n]vgfy @ / kf]v/f !* hf]8\g]
kSsLk'n
53 gf}8fF8f−clwsf/L 8fF8f−sfsL{sf]
tuf/f u|fld0f ;8sdf sNe6{
lgdf{0f l9s'/kf]v/L
17 cfjf{s:o/L / sflnsf hf]8\g]
klSsk'n ljhok'/vf]nfdf
54
efªvf]nf sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
18 ;f]t/vf]nf sNe6{ 55 ;fgf] p/fOvf]nf sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
19 6+'uvf]nf sNe6{ 56 7f8f]vf]nf sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
20 5x/]vf]nf sNe6{ 57 36\6]vf]nf sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
21 dfem7fgf $ / vf]nfa];L hf]8\g] k'n 58 sf]Kr]kfvf sNe6{ lgdf{0f Njfª3n]n
22 b'wkf]v/L u|f=;= sf] ljhok'/ gbLdf
k'n
59 3frf]s ^ / ;flb{vf]nf hf]8g] k'n
23 n]vgfy % / kf]v/f !# hf]8\g]
kSsLk'n
60
l/efg j8f g+=( sf] uf]?vs{sf]
;f]daf/] ;fF3' xfO8«f]kfj/ ePsf]
:yfgaf6 NjfË3n]n $ hf]8g]
:yndf df]6/]jn k'n
24 u9'jfvf]nf k'n lzz'jf c3f}+ k'/fgf] 61 vf/kfgL df]k' ;fbL{vf]nf
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
311
jf6f]
25 kf]v/f !& b]lv lgd{nkf]v/L bD;fbL
3f6df kSsL df]6/]jn k'n lgd{nkf]v/L
62
lrt]kfgL k'?Grf}/ 36\6]vf]nf df]k' k'?Grf}/
26 e''Ë] vf]nf kSsLk'n lgdf{0f s[:tL 63 lwk|f+u v]fnf df]k' df5fk'R5\]
27 km';|]vf]nf lr;fkfgL kSsL k'n k'DbLe'DbL 64 36\6\] v]fnf df]k' df5fk'R5\]
28 nfdfv]t ;'/f}bL 3f6df df]6/]k'n lgd{nkf]v/L 65 s?jf e/fe/L ;]ltglb df]k' df5fk'R5\]
29 kf]v/f !& / !% hf]8\g] df]6/]jn k'n
3f/Lkf6g
66
;flb}vf]nf k"?Grf}/ k}o' e'h'{+u
vf]nf df]k' ;fbL{vf]nf
30 vx/]vf]nf k'n 67 kGb|] v8\sf v]t sNe6{ cd{nf
31 rfnL;] k'n 68 sln8/ sNe6{ k'?Grf}/
32 sfq] k'n 69 t'Ds] lr?jf 9'+uf sNe6{ cd{nf
33 6f]8\s]vf]nf k'n 70 zflGt pdflj sNe6{ cd{nf
34 gofFk'n b]pk'/ hf]8\g] k'n lgdf{0f ;Nofg 71 9f8v]fnf sNe6{ cd{nf
35 bfªl;Ë dftf7fF6L 3§]vf]nf k''n
lgdf{0f bfªl;Ë
72
9f8v]fnf sNe6{ k'?Grf}/
36 x\jf+8Lvf]nf k'n lgdf{0f n'Dn]
37 :ofpnL ahf/ ;f+bLvf]nf k'n lgdf{0f 3fGb|'s
!)= vfg]kfgL tkm{ M
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 j[xt vfg]kfgL of]hgf l;¢ 73 lrt]kfgL vf=kf=of]
2 j[xt vfg]kfgL of]hgf b]p/fnL 74 e]8L vs{ vfkfof]
3 j[xt vfg]kfgL of]hgf y'DsL 75 ekf}bL tLg'jf]6 vf=kf= of]= kf]v/f
4 j[xt vfg]kfgL of]hgf ?kfsf]6 76 vfg]kfgL wf/f dd{t
5 l;D6f/L xg'dfg kf]v/L lnˆ6Lª
vf=kf= of]hgf n]=g=kf=
77
;fd'lxs 3}6f] lgdf{0f
6 ;fpg]kfgL vf=kf= of]hgf n]=g=kf= 78 vfg]kfgLsf] nfO{g dd{tsf] kfO{k
7 jDemgf vfg]kfgL of]hgf n]=g=kf=
79 sfx'F vfg]kfgL tyf sfx'F cfbz{
vf=kf=lgoldt dd{t ;Def/ kf]v/f
8 n]=g=kf= j8f g+ (,!),!!,!%,!*
sf kxf8L If]qdf vf=kf=of]hgf
80 df}hf kf]v/L vf=kf=of]hgf
df}hf
9 e'=k'=;}lgs vf=kf= of]hgf dd{t
n]=g=kf -=!,!@_ n]=g=kf=
81
dw'/] 5x/f hNs] s'oNgL vf=kf=dd{t
;'wf/ kf]v/f
10 cfdfrf}/ vf=kf= of]hgf n]=g=kf= 82 km]bL vf=kf=6+sL lgdf{0f kf]v/f
11 yfs vfg]kfgL lg=Ps 3/ Ps
wf/f x+;k'/ ! b]lv (
83
;Ah] kftfn vf=kf=kf]v/f @* af6
kf]v/f @) df Nofpg] vf=kf=lj:tf/ kf]v/f
12 nDt/L x+;k'/ j[xt vfg]kfgL
lg=
x+;k'/,
;}d/fË,efrf]s
84 lhdf]/]df # OGrsf] vf=kf=lj:tf/ kf]v/f
13 dfbj];L vfg]kfgL lg= x+;k'/ # 85 sfx'Fvf]nf eGHofª vf=kf=of]hgf kf]v/f
14 kfTn]vf]nf vfg]kfgL lg= ;}d/fË 86 ;Ah] vf=kf=of]hgf df}hf
15 sf]q]vf]nf vfg]kfgL lg= ldh'/]8f8f
87 ;fljs nfdfrf}/ * / ( df vf=kf=
6+sL nfOg lj:tf/ kf]v/f
16 d'nkfgL vfg]kfgL x+;k'/ 88 df}hf # / % vf=kf=of]hgf df}hf
17 cfnfvf]nf tf;] vfg]kfgL lg= ;}d/fË 89 ;fljs enfd ^ / & vf=kf=of]hgf kf]v/f
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
312
18 sfw] kre}of l;df/ vfg]kfgL
lg= ldh/']8f8f
90 vfgLvf]nf sfx'F ! Vff=kf=of]hgf kf]v/f
19 s'jfkfgL lnlˆ6Ë vfg]kfgL lg= x+kk'/ 91 cnf}+r]af/L vf=kf=of]hgf df}hf
20 b'w 5x/f b]lv efrf]s $ ;Dd
vfg]kfgL dd{t efrf]s
92 nfdfrf}/ uf]:t]df vf=kf=6+sL lgdf{0f kf]v/f
21 7'nLj];L lkKn] vfg]kfgL lg= x+;k'/ 93 kfTn]vf]nf vf=kf= df}hf
22 dsfuL vf]nf sfp/] efrf]s (
vfg]kfgL lg= efrf]s
94 lrKn]vf]nf kf]v/f @) vf=kf=of]hgf kf]v/f
23 j}/fuL vfg]kfgL lg= ldh/']8f8f 95 v/;f]n'ª vf=kf=of]hgf df}hf
24 d'u|Lj];L vfg]kfgL lg= ldh/']8f8f 96 dfw] vf=kf=of]hgf df}hf
25 s'n{'Ëvf]nf vfg]kfgL lg= x+;k'/
97 j8f ejg b]lv csnf dlGb/ ;Dd
vf=kf=nfO{g lj:tf/ kf]v/f
26 nDn/Laf6 e§]ufp sd/ bd}
ufp ;Dd vfg]kfgL lg= efrf]s
98
enfd @) vf=kf=dd{t of]hgf -
enfd #_ kf]v/f
27 8d8f/] vfg]kfgL lg= x+;k'/
99 3fdL{ j[xt vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf -
;fljs nfdfrf}/ &, * / ( _ kf]v/f
28 8KsLvf]nf vfg]kfgL lg= ;}d/fË
100
lzif]{kfgL b]lv lkªrf]s l;:g]/L ;Dd
vf=kf= of]= sfx"sf] $, % j8fdf Ps
3/ Ps wf/f sfo{qmd
kf]v/f
29 k''jfvfgL 7'n9'Ë vfg]kfgL lg= ;}d/fË 101 Ps 3/ Ps wf/f O{nfsf:t/
30
cfsf;] kfgL ;+sng s]Gb|
x+;k'/ uf=lj=;= ejg /
x]Nykf]i6 /fdsf]6 3}6f] sfo{qmd
x+;k'/
102
O{:dfnL kDkLª vfg]kfgL sf:sLsf]6
31 d'u|L ef]n{'Ë:jf/f vfg]kfgL lg= ldh/']8f8f 10
3 ;]tL vf=kf=of]= ;/fËsf]6
32 vfN6] vf=kf= of]hgf-lnlk\ml68=
k|ljlw_ dfem7fgf
104 3fF6Ll5gf l;d6f/ vf=kf=of]= rfkfsf]6
33 yfs vfg]kfgL of]hgf 10
5 Ps 3/ Ps wf/f sfo{qmd Onfsf:t/
34 kxf8L Onfsf vf=kf= of]hgff n]=g=kf= 10
6 j[xt vfg]kfgL of]hgf n'Dn]
35 5x/] vf=kf= of]hgf dd{t 10
7 lrKn]s'gf vf=kf= lj:tf/ n'Dn]
36 efn'vf]nf vf=kf=of]hgf qmdfut dfem7fgf 10
8 :ofpnL ahf/ vf=kf= of]hgf bfËl;Ë
37 cf?kf6f vf=kf= of]hgf sflnsf 109 g;]kn vf]nf vf=kf= dd{t n'Dn]
38 k'm8h] vf=kf= dd{t of]hgf n]=g=kf= 110 ;dyn vf]nf vf=kf= dd{t ;Nofg
39 lkkn8fnL vf=kf= of]hgf
qmdfut sflnsf
111
cw]/Lvf]nf vfg]kfgL lg= l9s'/kf]v/L
40 e}+;] vf=kf= of]hgf sflnsf 112 wDk'; @ df ! 3/ ! wf/f vf=kf=
41 7f8f]vf]nf vf=kf=of]hgf -
e't]{nj:tL_ dfem7fgf
113 Ps 3/ Ps wf/f / k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd
42 /f]nfvf]nf vf=kf= of]hgf sflnsf 11
4 lwtfn vfg]kfgL d'n cfof]hgf
lgdf{0f u/L >f]t j'lb ug{] . lwtfn
43 s'+O{s]n ufpm vf=kf= 6+sL
lgdf{0f sflnsf
115 Deep Boring l9s'/kf]v/L
44 h's]k'xgL vf=kf= of]hgf dfem7fgf
116 l9s'/kf]v/L sf:sLsf]6 ;/fËsf]6
vfg]kfgL ! 3/ ! wf/f sfo{qmd
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
313
45 cf]dsf/]Zj/ lzjfno dlGb/
vf=kf= of]hgf sflnsf
117
nfxfrf]s l/efg vf=kf=of]hgf -
/f]sfvf]nf_
46 sg/dË vf=kf= of]hgf dfem7fgf 118 7'nf]vf]nf af]p;] bx vf=kf=-!—%_
47 e/b/] vf=kf= of]hgf l;Nbh'/]
119 3frf]s vf=kf=of]hgf -j8f g+=!—(_
48 hnhn] vf=kf= of]hgf y'dfsf] 8fF8f
120 l/efg vf=kf=of]hgf -!—(_
49 ! 3/ ! Wff/f cleofg gfdfh'{Ë 121 ;fFbL vf=kf=of]hgf -^—(_
50 ! 3/ ! Wff/f cleofg kfr]{ 12
2 l8n] vx/] gofF a:tLdf vf=kf=of]hgf l/efg
51 ! 3/ ! Wff/f cleofg y'dfsf] 8fF8f 123 bxrf}/ -3frf]s !—^_ vf=kf=of]hgf
52 s[:tL lgd{n kf]]v/L e/tkf]v/L
vfg]kfgL of]hgf s[:tL
124 cn}+rLaf/L ;ldau/ vf=kf=of]hgf nfxfrf]s
53 lkmlnÍ3f/L b]p/fnL zfGtL
:t"k vfg]kfgL of]hgf k'DbLe'DbL
125
3frf]s -j8f g+=^—(_ s'n];]
vf=kf=of]hgf
54 km";|]vf]nf ln+ˆl6Î of]hgf Ps
3'/ Ps wf/f lgd{nkf]v/L lgd{nkfv/L
126
lkknaf]6 vf=kf=of]hgf -gf=;=s]=af6
dfu eO{ cfPsf]_
55 lrDbLvf]}nf lnˆ6LÎ vfg]kfgL
of]hgf s[:tL
127 le/s6]/f dlb{k"n vf=kf=dd{t j8f nfxfrf]s
56 z]/fvf]nf vfg]kfgL of]hgf Ps
3/ Ps wf/f k'DbLe'DbL
128 hnhn] vfkf df5fk'R5\]
57 s6'jf vf]nf lnˆl6Î vfg]kfgL
of]hgf lgd{nkfv/L
129 Ps 3/ Ps wf/f ;fbL{vf]nf
58 j]tsf]?v 9'u]kfgL vfg]kfgL
of]hgf k'DbLe'DbL
130 Ps 3/ Ps wf/f k'?Grf}/
59 emfs|Lsf] yfg 3}of v]t
vfg]kfgL of]hgf k'DbLe'DbL
131
Ps 3/ Ps wf/f cd{nf
60 /f08L vfg]kfgL of]hgf s[:tL 132 3n]vs{ vfkf ;fbL{vf]nf
61 rfrfnvfd 8f8f vf=kf= ofhgf s[:tL 133 s?jf vfkf df5fk'R5\]
62 vfdk'/ vf=kf=of]hgf s[:tL 134 sk'r] vfkf df5fk'R5\]
63 n]jf8] vf=kf=of]hgf dd{t lgd{nkfv/L
135 7'n] v]fnf vfkf
k'?Grf}/
!.#.$.%
64 ekf}bL ltn'jf]6 vfg]kfgL of]hgf s[:tL 136 s'/ vfkf cd{nf
65 s[itL vf=kf=of]=cf/g8f8f
s|dfut s[:tL
137
?kL v]fnf vfkf k'?Grf}/
66 So'd|L;] vf=kf=of] cfjf{ ljho
138 Ps 3/ Ps ;f]slk6 df5fk'R5\]
67 Vffg]kfgL lj:tf/ kf]v/f !&
139 ef]h]vf]nf vfkf cd{nf
68 ;fgL vf]nf vf=kfof] lgdf{0f
cfj{ ljho
140 ;flb{vf]nf vfkf ;fbL{vf]nf
69 gofF vfg]kfgL cfjf{ljho 9f8
j]zL
141 wf/fkfgL vfkf k'?Grf}/
70 tNnf] ugug] vfkfof] 14
2 xl/kfp vfg]kfgL dd{t cd{nf
71 sfnLdf6L vf=kfof] 14
3 hn's] vf=kf= dd{t nfdfrf}/
72 s;]/L 8'd|Ljf6] vfkfof] 15
6
73 /lrrf}/ l;rfO of]hgf kf]=p=d=g=kf= 157
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
314
!!= j}slNks phf{ M
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 jfof]Uof; KnfG6 lgdf{0f -k||To]s
3/df_
8 bd}ufpFdf ;f}o{ phf{ ljt/0f
2 n]=g=kf= !#df kmf]xf]/ jf6 jfof]
Uof; pTkfbg
9
Onfsf g+=!@ df kg]{ ;a}
uf=lj=;=-$ j6f_ sfof{nox?df
;f]nf/ Kofgn h8fg ug]{ .
3 ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] $ j6}
uf=lj=;=
10
uflj;x?df ;f]nf/ / a}slNks
phf{ Aoj:yf
;j}
uflj;
4 kmnfd] ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] lgdf{0fsf
lgDtL cg'bfg /sd
$ j6}
uf=lj=;=
11
df5fk'R5\] sf $ 3/df ;f]nf/ df5fk'R5\]
5 3§ lgdf{0f
ldh'/]8f8f
jfbL{vf]nf
efrf]s
12
;'wf/LPsf] r"Nxf] sfo{qmd Onfsf:t/
6
;fd'bflos ejg tyf a[4f>d,
ljBfnox?df ;f]nf/ h8fg
sfo{qmd Onfsf:t/
Onfsf:t/
13 kfgL 36\6 ;'wf/ df5fk'R5\]
/ cd{nf
7 ;f]nf/ h8fg sfo{qmd dfem7fgf
!@= ljB't If]qsf Df"Vo of]hgfx? M
lgld{t hn ljB't cfof]hgfdf km]jf / ;]lt u/L !)=* d]ufjf6 /x]sf] 5 . To:t}M lgdf{0fflwg cfof]hgftkm{ dflb !@
d]=jf=, ?lb ^=* d]=jf=, db:So" l;Sn]; !) d]=jf=, u08ls $ d]=jf, l;Sn]; @ d]=jf=, ;flb{vf]nf $ d]=jf=, ck/ df]bL
$@ d]=jf= ul/ hDDff &$=* d]=jf sf kl/of]hgfx? /x]sf] 5g\ . / t'?Gt} lgdf{0f ;'? x'g nfu]sf 6"nf cfof]hgfx?df
;'k/ dflb @^ d]=jf= -;f]+wf b]lv rfF;' If]q_ / ck/ ;]tL @) d]=jf= /x]sf] 5g\ .
!# ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f, e";+/If0f / hnpTkGg k|sf]k Go"lgs/0f
qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf qm=
;+=
of]hgf 7]ufgf
1 ;]lt gbL, dflb gbL / df]lb glb
lgoGq0f
8
2
Kfm]jf, ljhok'/ nufot % hnfwf/
If]qsf] u'?of]hgf, $( pkhnfwf/
If]qsf] ;+/If0f of]hgf tof/
9
3 xk{g vf]nf, cw]/L vf]nf, 7'nfv]t vx/]
vf]nf lgoGq0f
10
4 E"fsDk lkl8t Pj+ afl8 lkl8tnfO{
/fxt, 3/ lgdf{0f ;xfof]u
11
5 ;]tL gbLdf ;fO/g k|0ffnL k|efjsf/L 12
6 13
7
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
315
cg';"lr &
% jif]{ cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{dfsf ;xeflux? ;xeflux?sf] gfdfjnL
lhlj;sf] sfof{no, sf:sL . @)&@ >fj0f @( b]lv #! ;DDf
qm=;+= ;xeflusf] gfd y/ kb ;+:yf xflh/L
! Tff/fgfy clwsf/L :yf=lj=c= lh=lj=;, sf:sL b=
/fdrGb| ltjf/L :yf=lj=c= lh=lj=;, sf:sL
@ hLjg kl/of/ ;efifb ;+ljwfg;ef b=
# Rf'8fdl0f h+unL ;efifb ;+ljwfg;ef b=
$ lbg]z s'= yklnof If]lqo k|zf;s If]lqo k|;f;g sf b=
% s[i0f axfb'/ /fpt l;l8of] lh= k|zf;g sf= b=
^ O{Zj//fh kf}8]n pk ;lrj ;+=df=:yf=lj=dGqfno b=
& GAIL Marzen Kf|d'v DFID, UK b=
* John Rankin /fhb't UK b=
( Kf|sfzdf]xg vgfn cWoIf Kff]= g=lj=;= b=
!) Kf'0ok|;fb kf}8]n Kf"j{ ;efklt lhlj; b=
!! >Lgfy a/fn Kf"j{ pk;efklt lhlj; b=
!@ o'j/fh s'jF/ ;lrj Gf]kfnL sf+u|]; b=
!# bfdf]b/ a}/fuL ;lrj Gf]skf Pdfn] b=
!$ lji0f' kf}8]n ;lrj Gf]skf Pdfcf]jflb b=
!% s]zj kf}8]n /f=;b:o Gf]skf Pdfcf]jflb b=
!^ g/x/L ltldN;Lgf pkfWoIf /f=k|=kf= b=
!& Zff]efs/ nfld5fg] ;x;lrj cv08 g]kfn b=
!* xf]dgfy lu/L ;lrj Gf]skf dfn] b=
!( Nffn axfb'/ u'?+u ;x;lrj Gf]skf–dfcf]jflb b=
@) 8f=/ljGb| s'= zfSo ;xhstf{ -Kf"j{ pkfWoIf_ /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln=-/fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u_ b=
@! Zf'lzn l3ld/] ;xhstf{ -Kf"j{ ;lrj_ /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln= -Kfo{6g dGqfno_ b=
@@ 8f= ljZjsNof0f k/fh'nL ;xhstf{, afnd}qLljb /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln= b=
@# pk=k|f= ljho cof{n ;xhstf{, ;+u7gljb /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln= b=
@$ lrqk|;fb cfrfo{ ;xhstf{, hf]u|fkm/ /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln= b=
@% 6Lsf/fd wdnf ;xhstf{, OlGhlgo/ /fli6«o ;le{;]; k|f=ln= b=
@^ Gff/fo0f >]i7 Kf|d'v lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, sf:sL b=
@& s[i0f hd/s6\6]n O{= lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, sf:sL b=
@* Tff/fgfy clwsf/L pkfWoIf Dflxnf lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhlj; b=
@( Kf|]d kl/of/ pkfWoIf ckf+u lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhlj; b=
#) b'uf{ axfb'/ ;'gf/ pkfWoIf blnt lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhlj; b=
#! czf]ss'df/ e6\6rg pkfWoIf hghflt lHfNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhlj; b=
#@ nIdL lh=l;= k|d'v Dflxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, sf:sL b=
## /d]zk|;fb sf]O/fnf k|d'v lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, sf:sL b=
#$ 8f= /fs]z k|hfklt k|d'v lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, sf:sL b=
#% ;'/]z >]i7 Kf=:jf= k|f= lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, sf:sL b=
#^ ofd a/fn Df]=s=lg= lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, sf:sL b=
#& nIdLeb| jfUn] s=c= lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, sf:sL b=
#* Vff]d/fh zdf{ pkfWoIf ckf+utf ;DjGwL ;+:yf-l;ljcf/P;_ b=
#( lg? yfkf ;+/If0f clws[t cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f cfof]hgf, kf]v/f b=
$) bfdf]b/ ;'j]lb ;xfos lh=lz=c= lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, sf:sL b=
$! s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{ k|d'v 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, sf:sL b=
$@ clgnk|;fb cfrfo{ Hf'= OlGhlgo/ Nf]vgfy gu/kfnLsf b=
$# Uff]kfn v8\sf cWoIf u};; dxf;+3, sf:sL b=
$$ s'z'd s]zj k/fh'nL ;lrj Hf]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;~hfn, sf:sL b=
$% nIdLklt kf]v/]n OlGhlgo/ hnpTkGg k|sf]k sfof{no, sf:sL b=
$^ OGb|k|;fb kf}8]n OlGhlgo/ ;8s l8lehg sfof{no, kf]v/f b=
$& Tff]ofgfy ltldN;Lgf cWoIf Ufflj; ;lrj xslxt ;+/If0f s]Gb|, sf:sL b=
$* e/t/fh a/fn Affn clwsf/ clws[t lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt b=
cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf, sf:sL
316
qm=;+= ;xeflusf] gfd y/ kb ;+:yf xflh/L
$( /fh]z /]UdL Afhf/ clws[t Gf]kfn 6]lnsd b=
%) lbks lj=s= cWoIf lhNnf afn d~r b=
%! ;'idf s'Fj/ sf]iffWoIf lhNnf afn d~r b=
%@ Gff/fo0f kf}8]n ;=e'=;+/If0f clws[t lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{no, sf:sL b=
%# Kf|sfz 9sfn Kfqsf/ cfljZsf/ b}lgs klqsf b=
%$ k/z'/fd zdf{ Kf|ltlglw Gf]kfn 6]lnlehg b=
%% b'uf{ clwsf/L k|jGw lgb]{zs /]l8of] ;kmntf b=
%^ l8NnLk|;fb 9'+ufgf Zffvf clws[t If]lqo cg'udg÷;'=k= sfof{no- vfg]kfgL_ b=
%& ;/f]h >]i7 RCCD Expert LGCDP, RCU, Cluster, Pokhara b=
%* ;'dg yfkf ICT Officer lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
%( o1k|;fb a]Njf;] Kf|=;=lgl/Ifs k|x/L rf}sL, wDk'; b=
^) /d]z >]i7 Kf|x/L xjNbf/ k|x/L rf}sL, wDk'; b=
^! c?0f k/fh'nL /]Gh/ lhNnf jg sfof{no, sf:sL b=
^@ sf}znrGb| lh=l;= phf{, hnjfo' clws[t lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^# Af;lGt >]i7 Gff=;'= lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^$ /f]dgfy pkfWofo Afl/i7 cfn]k clws[t lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^% Gff/fo0fbQ cfrfo{ Gff=;'= lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^^ Effg axfb'/ ;fksf]6f ;xof]uL lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^& 6+s /fgfef6 ;xof]uL lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
^* ;Ltf/fd bfxfn 8«fOe/ lHfNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, sf:sL b=
^( Dffof u'?+u ;+of]hs ;fdL kl/of]hgf, lh=lj=;= sf:sL b=
&) s[i0f cj:yL Dist. Gov. Expert LGCDP, DDC, Kaski b=
&! lji0f'k|;fb clwsf/L ;lrj wDk'; uflj;sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
&@ /fdz/0f ltldN;Lgf O{lGhlgo/ Gf]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f b=
&# ;'/]Gb| kf}8]n O{lGhlgo/ Kff]v/f pkdxfgu/kfnLsfsf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
&$ bnaxfb'/ u'?+u pkfWoIf Ufflj; dxf;+3, sf:sL b=
&% /fh' /]UdL O{lGhlgo/ lHfNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, sf:sL b=
&^ Tff/fgfy ;'j]bL Kf|zf;g k|d'v lHfNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, sf:sL b=
&& ;Gt' ;'j]lb ;b:o lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf, kf]v/f b=
&* g/]Gb| ;'j]bL l;l8O{ l8lehg ;8s sfof{no, kf]v/f b=
&( ch'{g g]pkfg] ;fdflhs lj= clws[t lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*) cGh' u'?+u sDKo"6/ clws[t lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*! lji0f' a/fn Nf]vfkfn lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*@ nIdL vgfn ;n]kf lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*# lji0f' zdf{ Nf]vfkfn lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*$ Affns[i0f ;'j]bL ;xsf/L k|lzIfs ;xsf/L l8lehg sfof{no, kf]v/f b=
*% ?h]Gb| t'nfrg l;l8O{ Zfx/L ljsf; l8lehg sfof{no, kf]v/f b=
*^ t'n;L/fd e6\6/fO{ l;l8O{ l;+rfO{ l8lehg sfof{no, kf]v/f b=
*& Eff]h axfb'/ yfkf ;xof]uL lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
** Tff/f s]=;L= Nf]vfkfn lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
*( Dfgb]lj u'?+u Nf]vfkfn lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
() nIdL clwsf/L Gffoj ;'Aaf lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
(! b'uf{ kf}8]n Vfl/bf/ lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
(@ Zff]ef/fd zdf{ 8«fOe/ lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
(# U+fuf cfrfo{ 8«fOe/ lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
($ ldgf kf}8]n Zffvf clws[t lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
(% s[i0f vgfn Vfl/bf/ lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
(^ lst{g/fh kf}8]n of]hgf, c=÷k|= clws[t lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no, sf:sL b=
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