+
Active TransportAnd Proteins Involved
Moves molecules from a LOW concentration to a HIGH concentration
+Active Transport
Requires Energy
Transport of molecules or ions against its concentration gradient
Molecules moving from low to high concentration
energy source used is ATP
+Carrier Pumps
Same function as a carrier protein, except it moves ions against its concentration gradient
Low to high concentration = requires energy
Example: Na+/K+ pump 3 Na+ ions are pumped outside the cell: higher
[Na+] 2 K+ ions are pumped inside the cell: higher [K+]
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_sodium_potassium_pump_works.html
+Importance of Na+/K+ Pump
Disease that can result
Mutation or non functional protein can lead to dystonia parkinsonism
Involuntary, sustained muscle contractions
Tremors, slow & painful movement, shuffle walk with consistent falling.
+Importance of Na+/K+ Pump
Neurons use the Na+/K+ Pump to communicate and send signals to each other.
Example:
Stick hand in flame of a candle.
Neurons in finger cannot communicate pain to brain.
Result: 3rd degree burns on hand
+Endocytosis
Defined: movement of a substance INTO the cell by a vesicle
Vesicle: small sac that contains materials Made of
phospholipids
+Exocytosis
Defined: movement of a molecule OUT of the cell by a vesicle
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