Shell is already experienced in producing and handling H2
• Experienced at H2 production: Shell has more experience in the safe and
productive handling of H2 & traditional fuels than any other company
– Shell produces more than 7000 tons H2 per day and has been producing H2
for over 40 years
• Shell is leveraging the most cost-effective, safe and available infrastructure to address the security, supply and responsible acceleration of the H2 industry
• Shell is well connected to advance a greener hydrogen economy via Wind, Solar
• Shell is currently producing H2 using a range of production technologies, such
as: SMR, Oil gasification, coal gasification, and platforming
Shell Hydrogen: Learning and investing in hydrogen as a fuel
Investment funds
storage solutions
Joint ventures
hydrogen purification
Low emission power Siemens
Refuelling
Demonstrations & partnerships
N. AmericaIcelandEuropeJapan
Home refuelling Vandenborre/Hydrogenics
For a long time chemical conversion of fossil fuel and biomass will be key for
future hydrogen production scenario’s….
Heat
Electricity
ElectrolysisThermolysis of water
Hydrogen
Biomass
Chemical Conversion
Biophotolysis
Nuclear Energy Fossil Energy
Mechanical Energy
CO2
Photo-electrolysis Fermentation
Renewable Energy
Adapted from John A. Turner, Science, 285, 687 (1999)
Steam-methane reforming (SMR, ) Gasification (coal, oil biomass…)
Platforming, Steam cracking
.. with Central Production economically favoured relative to On-site Production
On-site electrolysis
On-site reforming
25020015010050
Distribution (km) from production sitekm
100 ton/day500 ton/dayCENTRAL SMR & LH2 TRUCK
CENTRAL
SMR & GH2 TRUCK
50 fills (0.25 ton/day)
25 fills (0.1 ton/day)
10 ton/day
500 ton/day
Total Delivered Cost [$/kg H2]
Central production
….. and CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) being an important element in the H2 CVP in a
migration pathway to renewable H2
Time from now
CO2
EmissionsH2
Production(t/d)
H2 fromexisting
SMR
H2 fromfossil feedstock
w/ CO2
Captureand
Storage(CCS)
H2 fromRenewables
< 10 years 10-30 years >30-50 years
100’s
1000000’s
H2 + CO2
H2+CCS
H2 Ren.
Shell Hydrogen Vision for H2 Market Takeoff
• We expect market takeoff between 2015 and 2025
• Under supportive circumstances we see the potential for 5 to 10 million FCV’s in 2020, growing beyond 100 million between 2030 and 2040
• Growth of H2 Market will depend on funding the transition to mass production
‑ Dependent on public policy developments – incentives
• Future landscape is being shaped now
‑ Players developing H2 policies and positions
Shell Hydrogen Vision for Market Development
• Stand alone projects – hydrogen-fuelled buses out of depots (e.g. Amsterdam and Luxembourg)
• Second generation sites, with public access, but separate from existing fuel stations (e.g. Iceland station)
• Fully integrated hydrogen and gasoline fuel stations (e.g. Benning Road Shell Station in Washington DC)
• Within next 5 years – Lighthouse projects: integrated stations within mini-networks
• 2010 – 2020 connecting the mini-networks with corridors and filling the white spaces
The Next Stretch
Need for:
• Addressing technical/manufacturing challenges
• Codes & standards
• Political awareness and public education
• Lighthouse Projects and Mini-networks; Funding the transition to higher volumes
Hydrogen SafetyCodes & Standards
• For the public to use hydrogen as a vehicle fuel, customers must be able to handle hydrogen with the same degree of confidence, and with comparable risk, as conventional gaseous and liquid fuels.
• For the safe design of retail facilities, through the development of codes and standards, it is essential to understand all the hazards that could arise following the accidental release of hydrogen.
• Hydrogen is simply different from conventional hydrocarbon fuels in several respects and a good quantitative understanding is required to ensure that it is handled safely.
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