Zte Bts Manual

ZXG10-BTS (V1A) Base Transceiver Station

Maintenance Manual

ZTE Corporation

ZTE Corporation. 2002, Shenzhen, P. R. China

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be excerpted, reproduced, translated, annotated or edited, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

ZXG10-BTS (V1A)

Maintenance Manual

* * * *

3/F., A Wing, ZTE Plaza, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Tel: (0086) 75526790192

Fax: (0086) 75526790160

Post-code: 518057

* * * *

August, 2002 First Edition, First Print

Preface

ZXG10, a GSM mobile communication system independently developed by ZTE Corporation, is

composed of the switching sub-system ZXG10-MSS and the base station sub-system ZXG10-BSS.

The ZXG10-BSS is in charge of providing and managing wireless transmission in GSM, and is

composed of the base station controller ZXG10-BSC and the base station transceiver ZXG10-BTS,

etc. The reliable running of the ZXG10-BSS on the network is closely related to correct operation

and maintenance. Therefore, it is very important to handle problems properly with correct methods.

The ZXG10-BTS (V1A) Maintenance Manual serves as a guide for the user to perform daily

maintenance and fault handling on ZXG10-BTS (V1A). This manual primarily introduces the daily

maintenance, alarm handling and operation information processing of ZXG10-BTS (V1A).

In this Manual, ZXG10-BTS (V1A) is abbreviated as BTS (V1A) or BTS; ZXG10-BTS (V1A) local

management terminal as LMT; ZXG10-BSS (V1A) as BSS; and ZXG10-BSC (V1A) as BSC (V1A)

or BSC.

This Manual includes three chapters: Chapter 1 introduces the routine maintenance and emergent

maintenance of the ZXG10-BTS (V1A) as well as frequently used maintenance methods. Chapter 2

introduces the alarm classification of the LMT of ZXG10-BTS (V1A) and describes in detail the

alarm code, alarm content, alarm level, alarm cause, alarm impact, time limit of handling, and

handling process. Chapter 3 itemizes the operation information and handling methods of the boards

such as OMU and TRU. Appendix A introduces the procedures and precautions for replacing parts

and boards. Appendix B gives a list of abbreviations used in this document for the convenience of

users in reading this Manual.

This set of manuals also consists of the following documents:

Technical Manual for ZXG10-BTS (V1A)

Installation Manual for ZXG10-BTS (V1A)

Operation Manual for ZXG10-BTS (V1A)

Statement: The actual product may differ from what is described in this manual due to

frequent updates of ZTE products and fast development of technologies. Please contact our

local office for updating/upgrading information of the product.

Contents

1 EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................... 1

1.1 MAINTENANCE DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................. 2

1.2.1 Daily routine maintenance ........................................................................................................... 2

1.2.2 Regular routine maintenance ....................................................................................................... 4

1.3 EMERGENT MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................................... 5

1.4 TYPICAL MAINTENANCE METHODS ............................................................................................................... 6

1.5 RELEVANT MAINTENANCE TABLES ................................................................................................................ 7

1.5.1 Routine maintenance and operation record table ....................................................................... 7

1.5.2 Emergent maintenance and operation record table .................................................................. 10

2 ALARM HANDLING ........................................................................................................................... 11

2.1 ALARM INFORMATION AND CLASSIFICATION ................................................................................................. 11

2.2 LEVEL-1 ALARM .................................................................................................................................... 18

2.3 LEVEL- 2 ALARM ................................................................................................................................... 18

2.3.1 Alarm of the main clock signal of the BS CKU ......................................................................... 18

2.3.2 Software version error of the BIE .............................................................................................. 19

2.3.3 Major alarm of the standing wave ratio of the transmitter combiner ....................................... 19

2.3.4 Communication interruption of the OMU .................................................................................. 20

2.4 LEVEL- 3 ALARM ................................................................................................................................... 21

2.4.1 Check error of the uplink data from the receiving processor to the channel processor ............ 21

2.4.2 Frame unit fault .......................................................................................................................... 24

2.4.3 Inconsistency of software versions ............................................................................................. 27

2.4.4 Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator ...................................................................... 28

2.4.5 Error of software versions .......................................................................................................... 29

2.4.6 Fault of the BS clock unit (CKU) ............................................................................................... 31

2.4.7 Fault of BIE switching chips ...................................................................................................... 33

2.4.8 Faults of the BIE E1 interface .................................................................................................... 35

2.4.9 Alarm of fans of the BIE ............................................................................................................. 41

2.4.10 Alarm of temperature sensor ................................................................................................... 47

2.4.11 Fault of buses ........................................................................................................................... 52

2.4.12 Alarm of power amplifiers (PAs) .............................................................................................. 53

2.4.13 Alarm of low-noise amplifiers of the receiver multi-coupler .................................................. 55

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2.4.14 Power alarm ............................................................................................................................. 57

2.4.15 Interruption of board communications .................................................................................... 58

2.4.16 Timeout of board unreported .................................................................................................... 61

2.4.17 Alarm of the 80W power amplifier (PA) ................................................................................... 62

2.4.18 Other alarm information .......................................................................................................... 63

2.5 LEVEL 4 ALARM ..................................................................................................................................... 67

2.5.1 Digital processor fault in the transceiver .................................................................................. 67

2.5.2 Check error of the uplink data from the RPP to the CHP .......................................................... 72

2.5.3 Cross-threshold of the flash memory programming times in the frame unit controller ............. 75

2.5.4 Channel parameter configuration error .................................................................................... 75

2.5.5 Out-of-lock of receiving RF self oscillator ................................................................................. 79

2.5.6 Alarm for out-of-lock of the phase-locked loop of the BS CKU ................................................. 80

2.5.7 No response of layer-3 software ................................................................................................. 81

2.5.8 Slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface signal ................................................................. 83

2.5.9 BS OMU fault ............................................................................................................................. 88

2.5.10 Minor alarm of PA over-temperature ....................................................................................... 89

2.5.11 Board communication interruption .......................................................................................... 90

2.5.12 Boards are unreported till timeout .......................................................................................... 94

2.5.13 80W PA link alarm .................................................................................................................. 101

3 RUNNING INFORMATION PROCESSING .................................................................................. 102

3.1 CLASSIFICATION OF RUNNING INFORMATION ............................................................................................... 102

3.2 OMU OPERATION INFORMATION ............................................................................................................. 106

3.2.1 OMU board not powered on ..................................................................................................... 106

3.2.2 OMU board powered on ........................................................................................................... 106

3.2.3 OMU BOOT starting ................................................................................................................ 106

3.2.4 OMU in active status ................................................................................................................ 107

3.2.5 OMU in standby status ............................................................................................................. 107

3.2.6 OMU procedure initially launched .......................................................................................... 107

3.2.7 OMU clock fault ....................................................................................................................... 108

3.2.8 OMU LAPD link disconnected. ................................................................................................ 108

3.2.9 OMU system in the initialization status .................................................................................. 108

3.2.10 OMU file downloading ........................................................................................................... 109

3.3 TRU OPERATION INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 109

3.3.1 TRU board not powered on ...................................................................................................... 109

3.3.2 TRU board powered on ............................................................................................................ 109

3.3.3 BOOT starting .......................................................................................................................... 110

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3.3.4 Process initially started ............................................................................................................ 110

3.3.5 OMU clock fault ....................................................................................................................... 110

3.3.6 LAPD link disconnected ........................................................................................................... 111

3.3.7 TRU HDLC link disconnected .................................................................................................. 111

3.3.8 TRU system in the initialization status ..................................................................................... 112

3.3.9 TRU file downloading ............................................................................................................... 112

3.3.10 TRU BCCH carrier indication ............................................................................................... 112

3.4 BIE RUNNING INFORMATION ................................................................................................................... 113

3.4.1 BIE board not powered on ........................................................................................................ 113

3.4.2 BIE program out of service ...................................................................................................... 113

3.4.3 BIE HDLC link not established ................................................................................................ 113

3.4.4 BIE working normally .............................................................................................................. 114

3.4.5 BIE in the active status ............................................................................................................. 114

3.5 EBIE RUNNING INFORMATION ................................................................................................................ 114

3.5.1 EBIE board not powered on ..................................................................................................... 114

3.5.2 EBIE program out of service .................................................................................................... 115

3.5.3 EBIE 8K and E1 alarm ............................................................................................................. 115

3.5.4 EBIE HDLC link not established .............................................................................................. 115

3.5.5 EBIE working normally ............................................................................................................ 116

3.5.6 EBIE in active status ................................................................................................................ 116

3.5.7 EBIE parameter configuration ................................................................................................ 116

3.6 CKU RUNNING INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 117

3.6.1 CKU board not powered on ...................................................................................................... 117

3.6.2 CKU initialization .................................................................................................................... 117

3.6.3 CKU program out of service .................................................................................................... 117

3.6.4 CKU working normally ............................................................................................................ 118

3.6.5 CKU in the active status ........................................................................................................... 118

3.6.6 CKU in the phase lock status .................................................................................................... 118

3.6.7 CKU in the locked status .......................................................................................................... 118

3.6.8 Asynchronization of the whole CKU network .......................................................................... 119

3.6.9 The CKU clock frame number abnormal ................................................................................. 119

3.6.10 CKU HDLC link not established ............................................................................................ 119

3.6.11 The CKU 8K clock abnormal ................................................................................................. 120

3.7 EAM RUNNING INFORMATION ................................................................................................................ 120

3.7.1 EAM board not powered on ..................................................................................................... 120

3.7.2 EAM initialization .................................................................................................................... 120

3.7.3 EAM working normally ............................................................................................................ 121

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3.7.4 EAM HDLC link disconnected ................................................................................................. 121

3.7.5 The EAM system clock severely abnormal ............................................................................... 121

APPENDIX A REPLACEMENT OF BOARDS AND PARTS .......................................................... 123

A.1 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 123

A.2 REPLACEMENT OF THE PUBLIC SHELF BOARD .......................................................................................... 124

A.3 REPLACEMENT OF THE CARRIER SHELF BOARD ........................................................................................ 125

APPENDIX B ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................... 127

iv

1 Equipment Maintenance

1.1Maintenance description

The objective of daily maintenance is to ensure an optimized working condition of the product, so

that the whole network runs properly. The classification of the daily maintenance of the ZXG10-BTS

(V1A), together with the maintenance requirements and recommendations will be described below.

1. Maintenance classification

Daily maintenance of ZXG10-BTS (V1A) can be classified into routine maintenance and emergent

maintenance.

The routine maintenance refers to periodical maintenance, which is divided into daily routine

maintenance and regular routine maintenance by their maintenance periods. Emergent maintenance

refers to the maintenance tasks to be immediately executed as required by sudden failures of the

ZXG10-BTS (V1A) equipment and network adjustment, e.g., equipment failure, user-reported fault,

and the emergent problems found out in routine maintenance. Emergent failures are characterized by

abrupt occurrence and serious influences on the QoS, so the maintenance personnel in the equipment

room are required to handle them decisively, cautiously and in-time. A detailed record must be made

afterward so as to eliminate potential faults.

2. Maintenance requirements and recommendations

The daily maintenance of ZXG10-BTS (V1A) equipment is a major task for the maintenance

personnel in the equipment room. Excellent daily maintenance is a key factor to ensure long-term

stable running of the equipment. Therefore, a set of equipment room maintenance regulations should

be formulated to regulate and guide the work of the maintenance personnel. The followings are some

basic requirements and recommendations for daily maintenance:

1) The maintenance personnel should implement the daily and regular routine check strictly and

keep a detailed record without any omission.

2) The maintenance personnel must keep the equipment room safe and tidy, with proper

temperature and humidity.

3) The maintenance personnel should follow the equipment operation specifications strictly,

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avoid any operations on the equipment beyond the daily maintenance specifications, e.g.,

arbitrarily plugging/unplugging, resetting, starting and switching over the equipment, or

changing the data; and should wear an anti-static wrist strap when accessing the hardware

system, and store the damaged parts and the spare parts in anti-static bags, which should be

labeled of the category and stored properly.

4) The person in charge of the equipment room should keep the user accounts, passwords and

the user authorities for login to the local operation & maintenance console and to the network

management system, and distribute them to relevant persons according to their specific

authorities, so as to define the responsibility and authority clearly.

5) The maintenance personnel should handle detected problems and faults in time, report major

problems to relevant supervisors in time and contact the local office of ZTE to get an early

solution, which should be recorded in detail afterward.

6) Before on-duty, the maintenance personnel must undergo necessary training. Different

maintenance positions should be assumed by persons of the corresponding technical levels.

7) The frequently used tools and instruments should be checked, repaired and calibrated before

use to ensure their proper conditions. Generally, the following tools and instruments are

recommended to be prepared in the equipment room.

A. Tools and auxiliary materials: screwdriver (flat-head and Phillips), diagonal pliers, cable

stripper, unpacking pliers, electric iron, chip-extractor, programmer, eraser, tweezers,

spanner, electrical drill, tape, anti-static wrist strap, insulating tape and cable tie.

B. Instruments: Multimeter, thermometer, humidity meter, optical power meter and earth

resistance tester.

8) The power supply of the system should be kept stable and reliable, and the grounding of the

system should be checked regularly.

1.2Routine maintenance

1.2.1Daily routine maintenance

Daily routine maintenance includes the following items:

1. Equipment room environment

1) Temperature requirements:

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Maintenance Manual for ZXG10-BTS (V1A)

Ambient temperature requirements: -5C ~ +45C; recommended to be always kept between

15C ~ 30C. A thermometer should be available in the equipment room, and the maintenance

personnel should check it daily and make a record in detail; an air conditioner is recommended

to be installed in the equipment room to meet the temperature requirements for long-term stable

running of the equipment.

2) Humidity requirement

Relative humidity requirement: 15%~85%; recommended to be kept at 40%~65%. A humidity

meter should be available in the equipment room, and the maintenance personnel should check

it daily and keep a record in detail. A humidity conditioning device is recommended to be

installed in the areas where the humidity is seriously improper, especially, a damp-proof device

is recommended in areas of high humidity and anti-static floor is recommended in areas of low

humidity.

3) Working status of the air conditioner

Check whether the air conditioner (or other humidity conditioning devices) can work normally

according to the preset temperature (humidity) requirements, and handle the faults in time if

any.

4) Dust-proof

During the daily maintenance, the equipment should be kept free from dust or contamination. It

is recommended to apply dust-proof sealing rubber strips around the windows and doors of the

equipment room, adopt double-layered-glass sealed windows and wear union suits and special

shoes in the equipment room to diminish dust. In addition, strong magnetic, electrical or

corrosive materials should not be present inside or around the equipment room so as to prevent

from harmful particles.

2. Equipment running status

1) Querying the alarm information

Check the site alarms and rack alarms in the alarm query window of the operation &

maintenance center (OMCR) of the BSS or the LMT of the BTS, keep a detailed record of the

alarm information, and contact the technical personnel in time to locate and eliminate faults.

A. In the OMCR of the BSS, the current alarms are displayed in real time, and the rack

diagram and the alarm statuses of boards are displayed dynamically in the main interface

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Chapter 1 Equipment MaintenanceAlarm Handling

of alarms. The recovered history alarms, current alarms and ordinary notifications can be

queried as needed. For the procedure of querying alarms, please see ZXG10-BSS (V1A)

Operation Manual; for the alarm causes and handling process, please see ZXG10-BSS

(V1A) Maintenance Manual.

B. Whether the Abis link is connected through or not, the LMT system of the BTS permits

the maintenance personnel to query the alarm status of boards in the site, including alarm

mode, alarm location, alarm content, fan running condition and rack temperature. Multiple

alarms may exist on the same board at a time, and the board color on the alarm viewing

interface represents the top alarm level existing on this board. Click the board, and all

alarm information on this board will be displayed. For the procedure of querying alarms,

please see ZXG10-BTS (V1A) Operation Manual; for alarm causes and handling process,

please see Chapter 2 of this Manual.

2) Running status of boards

Check whether the indication of the indicators for each board in the rack is normal. If any alarm

indicator is on, contact the technical personnel in time to locate and eliminate the fault.

The running information of the ZXG10-BTS (V1A) mainly comes from the indicators on the

panels of modules such as OMU and TRU. By the different flashing meanings of the indicators,

you can determine the running status of the equipment basically. For the meanings, causes and

handling of various indicator statuses, please see Section 3.1 of this Manual.

1.2.2Regular routine maintenance

Regular routine maintenance includes the following items:

1. Checking the BTS modules

Check the amount, model and version of spare modules once a week, and make sure that the spare

modules are stored in compliance with the requirements, with adequate amount and the convenience

to find. Check the back-to-fix conditions of faulty modules once a week.

2. Hardware checking: once a month.

1) Cleaning the rack

Clean the surface of the cabinet, clean and dry the air filter at the bottom of the cabinet; check

whether the cabinet is rusted, and whether there is any unrelated article in the cabinet. Report

any difficult problems in time if any, so as to get an early repair.

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2) Checking the connection of power cables

Check whether the power cables are connected tightly, and whether there is rust.

3) Checking the connection of grounding cables

Check whether the grounding cables are connected tightly, and whether there is rust.

4) Checking the power modules

Check whether the power supply of each shelf can work independently. Contact the technical

personnel in time for any problem so as to fix the problem.

3. Transmission

Check the connector tightness of the transmission cables from the optical terminal/microwave rack

to the BTS rack once every quarter, and keep the transmission cables free from twisting, pressing,

deforming and over-tightness; and test the spare ports.

4. Antenna and feeder system

Adjust and calibrate the direction and pitch angle of the antenna once half a year; tighten the

antenna, outdoor jumper, feeder cable and indoor jumper; apply rust-proof treatment to the antenna

pole, feeder cable rack and grounding bar which are subject to getting rusty; test the VSWR of the

antenna and feeder system, the transmitting power of the PA; and perform a general test on all

frequencies of all cells of each BS.

1.3Emergent maintenance

Emergent maintenance refers to the maintenance task which needs to be handled immediately in

response to the emergent fault of ZXG10-BTS (V1A) equipment. Emergent faults are characterized

by abrupt occurrence and serious influence on the QoS, so the maintenance personnel of the

equipment room are required to handle them decisively, cautiously and in-time. A detailed record

should be made afterward so as to eliminate potential faults.

Generally, the emergent handling process and measures for emergent faults can be summarized

based on the following two types of faults:

1. Emergent faults and disasters in the environment of the equipment room

1) Major faults: Fault of the power supply system; floods, fires; faults of the air conditioner

system which cause the temperature and humidity severely beyond the specifications.

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2) Maintenance measures: When any alarm information is observed from the OMCR of the

BSS or the LMT system of the BTS, perform an immediate inspection on the environment of

the equipment room, locate the fault cause, and eliminate the fault quickly. Afterward, report to

the superior leaders and keep a detailed record to eliminate potential faults.

2. Emergent fault of the equipment

1) Major faults: including hardware faults, e.g., damage of boards and modules, not-in-position,

poor contact, and software faults, e.g., disorder of data and program, and improper upgrading.

2) Maintenance measures:

A. Through plugging/unplugging, some faults such as not-in-position and poor contact of

the hardware system can be solved; through the replacing or isolation method, the faults

such as hardware damage can be located; the data disorder can be queried and corrected

through operations in the OMCR of the BSS or the LMT system of the BTS.

B. Faults of the software and hardware are numerous and complicated. If the above simple

methods fail to solve the problem, please contact the technical personnel or the regional

office of ZTE Corporation, report to the relevant leaders, and keep a detailed record

afterward so as to eliminate potential faults.

1.4Typical maintenance methods

In daily maintenance, several typical maintenance methods can be used as follows:

1. Observation method

Locating the fault by viewing the alarm information of the LMT of the BTS. The observation

method is the first method the maintenance personnel should use in case of fault occurrence. Making

a correct judgement on the observation result is a key step for correct analysis and handling of the

fault. Therefore, the maintenance personnel must be very familiar with the indicator statuses of the

boards, and fully aware of the meanings of the alarm information of different levels on the LMT of

the BTS.

2. Plugging/unplugging method

When a circuit board is initially found faulty, plug/unplug the circuit board and the external interface

connector to eliminate such faults as poor contact or processor abnormality. Make sure that the board

must be hot-swappable when this method is applied.

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3. Replacing method

The replacing method is to check the fault by replacing the circuit board in question with a normal

circuit board. When the plugging/unplugging method fails, the replacing method can be applied.

When plugging/unplugging and replacing the board, please see the precautions and operation

procedure for replacing the boards and parts as listed in Appendix A.

4. Isolation method

When a part of the system is faulty, the involved circuit board or racks can be isolated to check

whether the fault comes from mutual impact. For example, a typical application of the isolation

method is to self-loop the I/O interface of a circuit board so as to isolate and solve the problem of the

related system.

5. Self-test method

When the system or circuit board is powered on again judge if there is any fault by way of self-test.

Usually, when a circuit board is re-powered on for self-test, the indicators on its panel will flash

regularly, so that we can check whether the circuit board itself is faulty.

6. Pressing method

Such faults as poor contact can be removed by pressing the chips and cable connectors.

7. Comprehensive method

Any fault can be cleared by combining the above methods and taking advantage of ones

maintenance experience.

1.5Relevant maintenance tables

1.5.1Routine maintenance and operation record table

The daily maintenance record table is shown in Table 1-1. The regular maintenance table is shown in

Table 1-2. The maintenance item periodical summary table is shown in Table 1-3.

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Table 1-1 Daily maintenance record table

Items Operation item Equipment running status and

handling result

Operator Remarks

Equipment

room

environment

Temperature

Humidity

Working status of

the air conditioner

Dust-proof

Equipment

running status

Querying the alarm

information

Running status of

boards

Table 1-2 Regular maintenance record table

Items Operation item Equipment running status and

handling result

Operator Remarks

Check the

BTS module

Check the BTS

module

Hardware:

check

Clean the rack

Check the

connection of power

cables

Check the

connection of

grounding cables

Check the power

module

Transmission Transmission

Antenna and

feeder

System

Antenna and feeder

system

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Table 1-3 Maintenance item periodical summary table

Items Operation item Maintenance

period

Equipment running status

and handling result

Operator Remarks

Equipment room

environment

Temperature Daily

Humidity Daily

Working status of

the air conditioner

Daily

Dust-proof Daily

Equipment

running status

Querying the

alarm information

Daily

Running status of

boards

Daily

BTS module

check

Check the BTS

module

Weekly

Hardware:

check

Clean the racks Monthly

Check the

connection of

power cables

Monthly

Check the

connection of

ground cables

Monthly

Check the power

module

Monthly

Transmission Transmission quarterly

Antenna and

feeder

System

Antenna and

feeder system

Half a year

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1.5.2Emergent maintenance and operation record table

The emergent fault handling record table is shown in Table 1-4.

Table 1-4 Emergent fault handling record table

Exchange name: Person to handle:

Time Time of fault resolved:

Fault source: informed by the user alarm system found in daily routine maintenance others

Fault category:

Fault description:

Handling method:

Result:

Remarks by the person in charge:

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2 Alarm Handling

2.1Alarm information and classification

The alarm management of the LTM system is an important part of BTS local operation and

maintenance. The LMT system, after it is put into operation, can perform centralized monitoring on

the overall running condition of the BTS for the purpose of real-time maintenance and recovery.

Whether the Abis link is connected through or not, the LMT system permits the maintenance

personnel to query the alarm status of boards in the site, and view the site alarms and rack alarm

information on the LMT alarm viewing interface.

Boards that may send alarms include:

1. Boards in the public shelf: operation and maintenance unit (OMU), BS interface equipment (BIE),

clock unit (CKU), external alarm collection module (EAM), signaling distribution unit (SDU) and

power supply (PSA).

2. Boards in the carrier shelf: frame unit (FU), carrier unit (CU), power supply (PSB), power

amplifier (PA), combiner HYCOM and multi-coupler MUL.

3. Others: fan, temperature.

In terms of real-time handling, the alarms include ordinary notifications and alarms. Ordinary

notifications only indicate unrepeatable or transient faults during the system running. Usually, if a

notification is not frequently repeated, it may be caused accidentally by the environment, which

needs no handling; if a notification is frequently repeated, or even the alarm occurs for a long time, it

must be checked and solved in time.

An alarm usually lasts for a certain time. According to the severity in the system, alarms are divided

into four levels. Following is the division of the four alarm levels, as shown in Table 2-1.

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Table 2-1 Division of alarm levels

Alarm

level

The scope of

services seriously

affected

The scope of

equipment safety

seriously affected

The scope of system

running reliability

seriously affected

The scope of

system

maintainability

seriously affected

1 The whole BSS The whole BSS

2 One or some sites BSC or a site The whole BSS The whole BSS

3 One or some carriers One or some carriers BSC or a site BSC or a site

4 One or some

channels

No influence One or some carriers One or some

carriers

Note: In the definition of the alarm levels, the affected scope only refers to one single index. That is,

if the affected scope of one single index, e.g., reliability, security reaches the specified scope, the

level of the alarm can be determined basically. If one alarm item has affected several indexes, the

alarm level should be raised.

The alarm information summary table of the LMT is shown in Table 2-2. For the detailed

information of the alarm, e.g., alarm cause, time limit of handling, handling process, please see

relevant contents of Section 2.2~2.5.

Table 2-2 Alarm information summary table

Alarm code Alarm name Alarm level

0xC00 Alarm of the main clock signal of the BS CKU 2

0xD00 Software version error of the BS interface equipment 2

0x1301 Major alarm of standing wave ratio of the transmitter

combiner

2

0x1701 Communication interruption of the OMU. 2

0xA08 Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink

data from the receiving processor to the channel

processor (DSP0).

3

0xA09 Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink


processor (DSP1).

3

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(continued)


0xA0A Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink


processor (DSP2).

3

0xA0B Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink


processor (DSP3).

3

0xA0D Fault of the interface clock between the frame unit

controller and the BS CKU.

3

0xA0E Read/write error of the flash memory in the frame unit 3

0xA18 Overflow of the watchdog in the frame unit controller 3

0xA26 LAPD link disconnection of the frame unit controller and

the BSC

3

0xB00 Downlink check error between the frame unit and carrier

unit

3

0xA23 Inconsistency of the channel processor (CHP) software

version

3

0xA24 Inconsistency of the frame unit controller (FUC) software

version

3

0xB04 Out-of-lock of transmitting RF self oscillator 3 3

0xB05 Out-of-lock of transmitting RF self oscillator 4 3

0xB06 Out-of-lock of transmitting intermediate frequency self

oscillator 5

3

0xB0F Wrong carrier unit (CU) software version 3

0xC0C Wrong BS CKU software version 3

0xF2A Wrong BS environment alarm board layer-3 software

version

3

0xC01 Alarm of BS CKU frame numbers 3

0xC09 Error of the BS CKU parameter configuration 3

0xC0A Abnormality of the 8K clock signal between BS interface

equipment (BIE) and the BS CKU

3

0xD01 Fault of the BIE switching chip 1 3


Chapter 2 Alarm Handling

-13-

(contiued)




0xD05 Read/write fault of E1 interface chip 1 of the BIE 3



0xD08 Loss of E1 interface signal 1 of the BIE 3

0xD09 Loss of E1 interface signal 2 of the BIE 3

0xD0A Loss of E1 interface signal 3 of the BIE 3

0xD11 Alarm of out-of-frame of E1 interface signal 1 of the BIE 3



0xF01 Alarm of fan 1 3









0xF0D Alarm of temperature sensor 1 3

0xF0E Alarm of temperature sensor 2 3

0xF0F Alarm of temperature sensor 3 3

0xF10 Alarm of temperature sensor 4 3



0x1002 Fault of the frame unit bus 3

0x1003 Fault of the low-speed bus 3

(contiued)

-14-



0x1100 Alarm of the PA output power 3

0x1101 Alarm of the PA voltage standing wave ratio 3

0x1102 Alarm of the PA tube over-current 3

0x1103 Alarm of PA tube over-voltage 3

0x1105 Major alarm of PA over-temperature 3

0x1200 Alarm of low-noise amplifier 1 of the receiver multi-

coupler

3

0x1201 Alarm of low-noise amplifier 2 of the receiver multi-

coupler

3

0x1400 Alarm of the power supply of the carrier shelf 3

0x1500 Alarm of the power supply of the public shelf 3

0x1702 Communication interruption of the BS interface board 3

0x1703 Communication interruption of the BS CKU 3

0x1704 Communication interruption of the BS environment

alarm unit

3

0x1708 Communication link disconnection of the power board of

the public shelf

3

0x1801 BS OMU unreported till timeout 3

0x1804 BS environment alarm board unreported till timeout 3

0x1106 Alarm of the current, voltage and temperature of the 80W

PA

3

0x1107 Alarm of the consistency of the two 80W PAs in terms of

the forward power and type, and the standing wave ratio

of the PA on the left

3

0xA22 Inconsistent configuration of cell parameters 3

0xB08 Error of parameter configuration of the carrier unit 3

0xD14 Error of link parameter configuration of the BIE 3

0xF2B No response of the layer-3 software of the BS

environment alarm board

3

0x1300 Minor alarm of standing wave ratio of the transmitter

combiner

3

(contiued)


-15-


0xA04 Initialization failure of the digital processor 0 in the

transceiver

4

0xA05 Initialization failure of digital processor 01 in the

transceiver

4


transceiver

4


transceiver

4

0xA10 Software overflow of digital processing unit 0 in the

transceiver

4


transceiver

4


transceiver

4


transceiver

4

0xA14 Check error of one channel of the uplink data from the

RPP to the CHP (DSP0)

4



4



4



4

0xA19 Cross-threshold of the flash memory programming times

in the frame unit controller

4

0xA1A Channel 0 parameter configuration error 4

0xA1B Channel 1 parameter configuration error 4

0xA1C Channel 2 parameter configuration error 4

0xA1D Channel 3 parameter configuration error 4

0xA1E Channel 4 parameter configuration error 4

0xA1F Channel 5 parameter configuration error 4

(continued)


-16-


0xA20 Channel 6 parameter configuration error 4

0xA21 Channel 7 parameter configuration error 4

0xB02 Out-of-lock of receiving RF self oscillator 1 4

0xB03 Out-of-lock of receiving RF self oscillator 2 4

0xB07 Out-of-lock of receiving IF self oscillator 6 4

0xC08 Alarm for out-of-lock of phase-locked loop of the BS

CKU

4

0xC0D No response of layer-3 software of the BS CKU 4

0xD15 No response of the layer-3 software of the BS BIE 4

0xB10 No response of the layer-3 software of the carrier unit

(CU)

4

0xD0B Forward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 1

4

0xD0C Forward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 2

4

0xD0D Forward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 3

4

0xD0E Backward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 1

4

0xD0F Backward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 2

4

0xD10 Backward slide code indication of the BIE E1 interface

signal 3

4

0x1000 Cross-threshold of the flash memory programming times

of the BS OMU

4

0x1001 Failure of flash memory programming of the BS OMU 4

0x1004 The standby board of the BS OMU not in position 4

0x1104 Minor alarm of PA over-temperature 4

0x1705 Communication interruption of the frame unit 4

0x1706 Communication link disconnection of the carrier unit 4

(continued)


-17-


0x1709 Communication link disconnection of the power board of

the carrier shelf

4

0x170A Communication link disconnection of the PA 4

0x170B Communication link disconnection of the multi-coupler 4

0x170D Communication link disconnection of the combiner 4

0x1802 The BS interface board unreported till timeout 4

0x1803 The BS CKU unreported till timeout 4

0x1805 The frame unit unreported till timeout 4

0x1806 The carrier unit unreported till timeout 4

0x1808 The public shelf power board unreported till timeout 4

0x1809 The carrier shelf power board unreported till timeout 4

0x180A The PA unreported till timeout 4

0x180B The multi-coupler unreported till timeout 4

0x180D The hybrid combiner unreported till timeout 4

0x1108 80W PA link alarm 4

2.2Level-1 alarm

None.

2.3Level- 2 alarm

2.3.1Alarm of the main clock signal of the BS CKU

Alarm code: 0xC00

Alarm content: Alarm of CKU main clock signal

Alarm level: 2

Alarm cause: hardware fault

Influence of the alarm: If the alarm occurs to an active CKU, this BS will fail to work normally; if

the alarm occurs to a standby CKU, the running reliability of the system will deteriorate.

Time limit of handling: Handle it at once.

-18-


Handling process: Replace the CKU board

Alarm type: Equipment alarm

2.3.2Software version error of the BIE

Alarm code: 0xD00

Alarm content: BIE (software version error)Alarm level: 2

Alarm cause: software version error, or wrong alarm caused by communication error

Influence of the alarm: The system fails to start normally.


Handling process:

1. Insert the board properly and reset it.

2. If the alarm still exists, the board may be faulty, please replace the board.

3. If the alarm still exists, the board software version may be inconsistent with the OMU background

database. Please contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation.

Alarm type: Wrong handling.

2.3.3Major alarm of the standing wave ratio of the transmitter combiner

Alarm code: 0x1301

Alarm content: Major alarm of the standing wave ratio of the transmitter combiner

Alarm level: 2

Alarm cause: The external terminal of the combiner is open-circuited or of high resistance, the EAM

receives interference signals or the EAM alarm line is wrongly connected.

Influence of the alarm: The PA transmitting power is off protectively, and the corresponding cell fails

to work.


Handling process:


-19-

1. Check whether the EAM works normally.

2. Check whether the EAM alarm cable of the backplane is faulty. If the alarm occurs together with

the minor alarm of the standing wave ratio of the transmitter combiner, the backplane alarm line

may be faulty.

3. If the alarm indicator on the panel is on at the same time, it is required to check whether the

connectors between the set-top jumper, main feeder and antenna are poorly contacted, and check for

water leakage.

4. If none of the above measures works, please contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation.


2.3.4Communication interruption of the OMU

Alarm code: 0x1701

Alarm content: OMU communication interruption

Alarm level: 2

Alarm cause: LAPD link disconnection between OMU and BSC, OMU fault, BTS rack power-off,

fault of LAPD, SMB, T network board of the BSC, etc.

Influence of the alarm: Affecting the reset and startup of the BTS and the information transmission

between the BTS and the BSC, and the operation and maintenance of BTS will be interrupted.


Handling process:

1. Check whether the boards of BSC, e.g., LAPD, SMB, work normally, and whether there is any

alarm present, if there is, clear it first.

2. Check whether the LAPD timeslot of the OMU is allocated correctly.

3. Check whether the E1 line is connected through.

4. Check whether the BTS rack is powered on, and whether OMU is started normally.

5. Check whether the BIE of BTS works normally. Clear the alarms first if any.

-20-



Alarm type: Communication alarm

2.4Level- 3 alarm

2.4.1Check error of the uplink data from the receiving processor to the channel processor

2.4.1.1Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink data from the receiving

processor to the channel processor (DSP0)

Alarm code: 0xA08

Alarm content: Data check error of both the main-set and sub-set uplink data from the receiving

processor (RPP) to the channel processor (CHP) (DSP0)

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Severe interference exists in the transmission channel from the RPP to the CHP (or the

lines are poorly contacted).

Influence of the alarm: The signal quality of the radio interface will deteriorate drastically, affecting

the voice quality and even the assignment will fail.

Time limit of handling: Handle it as soon as possible.

Handling process:

1. Check whether the CKU is properly inserted.

2. Check whether the backplane line gets loose.

3. Check whether the bit switch for the transmission matching resistance on the backplane is set

properly.

4. If none of the above operations works, reset the BTS to check if the fault still exists.




-21-


processor to the channel processor (DSP1).

Alarm code: 0xA09



Alarm level: 3



Influence of the alarm: The signal quality of the radio interface will deteriorate drastically, the uplink

bit error will occur in timeslot 1 and timeslot 5. In serious situations, the conversation will be

interrupted and the assignment will fail.


Handling process:




properly.






Alarm code: 0xA0A



Alarm level: 3

-22-








Handling process:




properly.






Alarm code: 0xA0B



Alarm level: 3








-23-

Handling process:




properly.




2.4.2Frame unit fault

2.4.2.1Fault of the interface clock between the frame unit controller and the BS CKU

Alarm code: 0xA0D

Alarm content: Fault of FUC_CKU interface clock

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Fault of the BTS CKU, fault of the transmission clock line, or fault of the clock

interface on the FU.

Influence of the fault: Affecting the normal communication between the baseband processing unit

and OMU and CU, resulting in failure of normal operation of the whole CU.


Handling process:

1. Check whether alarms occur on the CKU board.

2. Check whether the line between the CKU and CU is connected reliably.

3. If none of above measures works, replace the TRU.


-24-


2.4.2.2Read/write error of the flash memory in the FU

Alarm code: 0xA0E

Alarm content: FLASH MEMORY error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Too many times of the FLASH programming, read/write error or the software

checksum error.

Influence of the alarm: The baseband processing unit fails to obtain the correct software version

from the flash memory, and the whole FU fails to work normally.


Handling process:

1. Reset the FU first to see whether the alarm can be recovered. If this alarm can be recovered, it

indicates this alarm is caused by external interference when the CPU reads the data from the flash

memory. This FU should be able to work normally after resetting.

2. If this alarm cannot be recovered by resetting, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation as

soon as possible.


2.4.2.3Overflow of the watchdog in the FUC

Alarm code: 0xA18

Alarm content: Overflow of the WatchDog in the FUC.

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: The FUC program is out of service.

Influence of the alarm: No response of DSP or partial channels unavailable.


Handling process:


-25-

1. Reset the FUC first to see whether this alarm can be recovered.

2. If this alarm cannot be recovered by resetting, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation as

soon as possible.


2.4.2.4LAPD link disconnection of the FUC and the BSC

Alarm code: 0xA26

Alarm content: LAPD link disconnection of FU and BSC.

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: No connection between layer-2 software of the FUC and the BSC during a certain

period of time.

Influence of the alarm: This FUC fails to work. If this FUC is BCCH-TRX, services of the cell will

be affected.


Handling process:

1. Check whether this alarm occurs to other FUCs of this BS. If this alarm occurs to all FUCs of this

BS, check whether any alarm occurs to the BIE and whether the E1 line is connected properly, and

check whether any alarm occurs to the SMB, LAPD and DSN board of the BSC. If any, locate this

fault and clear it.

2. Check whether the BSC data is correct, especially the T network connection data and the SMB

timeslot connection data.

3. If only the LAPD of one layer TRU is disconnected, check whether the backplane cable is

connected properly.

4. If only the LAPD of one TRU is disconnected, reset the FUC.

5. If the problem still exists, please contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation.

Alarm type: Communication alarm

-26-


2.4.2.5Downlink check error between the FU and the CU

Alarm code: 0xB00

Alarm content: DLRC_AL downlink check error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Interference occurs to the link between the FU and CU.

Influence of the alarm: Numerous bit errors occur between CHP and CUI. The downlink is faulty,

and this TRU fails to provide normal conversation service.


Handling process:

1. Check whether the frequency-hopping cable on the backplane is connected properly. If not,

replace the frequency-hopping cable.

2. If the fault still exists, this TRU is faulty, please replace the board.


2.4.3Inconsistency of software versions

2.4.3.1Inconsistency of the channel processor (CHP) software versions

Alarm code: 0xA23

Alarm content: Inconsistency of the CHP software versions

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Error loading of CHP software versions

Influence of the alarm: DSP fails to run normally over FU.


Handling process: Download a new CHP software version.

Alarm type: Error handling.


-27-

2.4.3.2Inconsistency of the frame unit controller (FUC) software versions

Alarm code: 0xA24

Alarm content: Inconsistency of the FUC software versions

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Error loading of FUC software versions

Influence of the alarm: FUC fails to run normally.


Handling process: Download a new FUC software version.


2.4.4Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator

2.4.4.1Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator 3

Alarm code: 0xB04

Alarm content: Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator 3

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Clock signal instability or TRU phrase-locked loop failure

Influence of the alarm: This TRU may fail to make a call.


Handling process: Replace the TRU.


2.4.4.2Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator 4

Alarm code: 0xB05

Alarm content: Out-of-lock of the transmitting RF self oscillator 4

-28-


Alarm level: 3






2.4.4.3Out-of-lock of the transmitting IF self oscillator 5

Alarm code: 0xB06

Alarm content: Out-of-lock of the transmitting IF self oscillator 5

Alarm level: 3






2.4.5Error of software versions

2.4.5.1Error of the carrier unit (CU) software version

Alarm code: 0xB0F

Alarm content: The CU software version error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: The CU software version error

Influence of the alarm: The CU fails to start normally, and this TRU cannot make a call.


-29-


Handling process:

1. Reset TRU.

2. If the resetting fails, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation to replace the CU version.


2.4.5.2Error of the BS clock unit (CKU) software version

Alarm code: 0xC0C

Alarm content: The CKU software version error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: The CKU software version error

Influence of the alarm: This BS can operate normally but is unable to be maintained and monitored.


Handling process:

1. Reset the CKU to see whether this alarm can be recovered.

2. If this alarm cannot be recovered, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation as soon as

possible.


2.4.5.3Error of the BS external alarm module (EAM) layer3 software version

Alarm code: 0xF2A

Alarm content: The EAM layer3 software version error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: The layer3 software version error or communication error

Influence of the alarm: OMU fails to monitor the running of EAM, and in-cabinet alarms and those

-30-


of external backbone nodes.


Handling process:


2. In case that the alarm persists, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation to replace the

version.


2.4.6Fault of the BS clock unit (CKU)

2.4.6.1Alarm of error BS CKU frame numbers

Alarm code: 0xC01

Alarm content: The CKU frame numbers error

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Discontinuity or loss of frame numbers

Influence of the alarm: This BS fails to run normally.


Handling process:

1. Reset the CKU, and view whether the alarm occurs again.

2. If the alarm cannot be recovered, replace the CKU.


2.4.6.2Error of the BS CKU parameter configuration

Alarm code: 0xC09

Alarm content: The CKU parameter configuration error

Alarm level: 3


-31-

Alarm cause: Parameter configuration error

Influence of the alarm: This BS can operate normally but fails to be synchronous over the entire

network.


Handling process: Re-configure the CKU parameters on the background and make the CKU

parameters synchronous with the BS.


2.4.6.3Abnormality of the 8K clock signal between BS interface equipment (BIE) and CKU

Alarm code: 0xC0A

Alarm content: Abnormality of the 8K clock signal between BIE and CKU

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Abnormality of the 8K clock signal between BIE and CKU

Influence of the alarm: This BS can operate normally but fails to be synchronous over the entire

network.


Handling process:

1. Reinsert the CKU board or reset the CKU board.

2. Check the operation of the BIE board or reset the BIE board.

3. Check the connection of the E1 cable.

4. If the alarm exists still, set the synchronization mode of the CKU to the free-run mode, and then

contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation.


-32-


2.4.7Fault of BIE switching chips

2.4.7.1Fault of the BIE switching chip 1

Alarm code: 0xD01

Alarm content: Fault of the BIE switching chip 1

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Faulty chip or abnormal clock signal

Influence of the alarm: The conversation is abnormal, or links between a part of TRUs and BSC

cannot be established, or the system fails to start normally.


Handling process:


2. If the alarm persists, it indicates that the D401 chip on the board may be out of order, replace the

board.

3. If the alarm still exists, the system clock may be abnormal, then reset the CKU.

4. In case that the alarm still exists, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation .



Alarm code: 0xD02


Alarm level: 3






-33-

Handling process:


2. If the alarm appears again, it indicates that the D402 chip on the board may be out of order,

replace the board.


4. In case that the alarm still exists, contact the regional office of ZTE Corporation.



Alarm code: 0xD03


Alarm level: 3





Handling process:



replace the board.





Alarm code: 0xD04

-34-



Alarm level: 3





Handling process:


2. If the alarm persists, it indicates that the D404 chip on the board may be out of order, replace the

board.




2.4.8Faults of the BIE E1 interface

2.4.8.1Read/write fault of the BIE E1 interface chip 1

Alarm code: 0xD05

Alarm content: Read/write fault of the BIE E1 interface chip 1

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Chip or communication failure




Handling process:



-35-


replace the board.



2.4.8.2Read/write fault of the BIE E1 interface chip 2

Alarm code: 0xD06

Alarm content: Read/write fault of the BIE E1 interface chip 2

Alarm level: 3

Alarm cause: Chip or communication failure

Influence of th

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