Zodiac Killer 1

Zodiac Killer

Zodiac Killer

A sketch of the Zodiac killer based on witness testimoniesBackground information

Birth name: Unknown

Also known as: Zodiac

Born: Unknown

Died: Unknown

Cause of death: Unknown

Conviction: N/A

Sentence: N/A

Killings

Number of victims: 5 killed, 2 injured (claimed to have killed 37)

Span of killings: December 20, 1968 (possibly June 4, 1966), (letters 1969)–October 11, 1969 (possibly 1972), (letters 1974)

Country:  United States

State(s): California, possibly also Nevada

Date apprehended: N/A

The symbol used by the Zodiac Killer to signhis correspondence

The Zodiac Killer was a serial killer who operated in Northern Californiain the late 1960s. The Zodiac killer's identity remains unknown. TheZodiac killer coined the name "Zodiac" in a series of taunting letters sentto the local Bay Area press. These letters included four cryptograms (orciphers), three of which have yet to be solved. The Zodiac murderedvictims in Benicia, Vallejo, Lake Berryessa, and San Francisco betweenDecember 1968 and October 1969. Four men and three women, betweenthe ages of 16 and 29, were targeted. Numerous suspects have been namedby law enforcement and amateur investigators, but no conclusive evidencehas surfaced. He was well known for his cleverly dark facade, used toinstill terror in his victims. This was the inspiration for many future films based on the events, as well as the manyless reputable sequels.

In April 2004, the San Francisco Police Department marked the case "inactive", yet re-opened the case at some point prior to March 2007.[1] The case also remains open in the city of Vallejo as well as in Napa Counties and Solano Counties.[2] The California Department of Justice has maintained an open case file on the Zodiac murders since

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1969.[3]

Victims

Confirmed victimsAlthough the Zodiac claimed 37 murders in letters to newspapers, investigators agree on only seven confirmedvictims, two of whom survived.[4] They are:• David Arthur Faraday, 17, and Betty Lou Jensen, 16: shot and killed on December 20, 1968, on Lake Herman

Road, within the city limits of Benicia.• Michael Renault Mageau, 19, and Darlene Elizabeth Ferrin, 22: shot on July 4, 1969, in the parking lot of Blue

Rock Springs Park in Vallejo. While Mageau survived the attack, Ferrin was pronounced dead-on-arrival atKaiser Foundation Hospital.

• Bryan Calvin Hartnell, 20, and Cecelia Ann Shepard, 22: stabbed on September 27, 1969 at Lake Berryessa inNapa County. Hartnell survived six stab wounds to the back, but Shepard died as a result of her injuries onSeptember 29, 1969.

• Paul Lee Stine, 29: shot and killed on October 11, 1969, in the Presidio Heights neighborhood in San Francisco.

Suspected victimsThe following murder victims are suspected to be victims of Zodiac, though none have been confirmed:• Robert Domingos, 18, and Linda Edwards, 17: shot and killed on June 4, 1963, on a beach near Lompoc. Edwards

and Domingos were identified as possible Zodiac victims because of specific similarities between their attack andthe Zodiac's attack at Lake Berryessa six years later.[5]

• Cheri Jo Bates, 18: stabbed to death and nearly decapitated on October 30, 1966, at Riverside City College inRiverside. Bates' possible connection to the Zodiac only appeared four years after her murder when SanFrancisco Chronicle reporter Paul Avery received a tip regarding similarities between the Zodiac killings and thecircumstances surrounding Bates' death.[6]

• Donna Lass, 25: last seen September 6, 1970, in Stateline, Nevada. A postcard with an advertisement from ForestPines condominiums (near Incline Village at Lake Tahoe) pasted on the back was received at the Chronicle on 22March 1971, and has been interpreted as the Zodiac claiming Lass' disappearance as a victim. No evidence hasbeen uncovered to definitively connect Donna Lass' disappearance with the Zodiac Killer.[7]

There is also a suspected third escapee from the Zodiac Killer:• Kathleen Johns, 22: allegedly abducted on March 22, 1970, on Highway 132 near I-580, in an area west of

Modesto. Johns escaped from the car of a man who drove her, and her infant daughter, around in the area betweenStockton and Patterson for approximately three hours.[8]

Timeline

Lake Herman Road attackThe first murders widely attributed to the Zodiac Killer were the shootings of high school students Betty LouJensen and David Faraday on December 20, 1968, on Lake Herman Road, just inside Benicia city limits.The couple were on their first date and planned to attend a Christmas concert at Hogan High about three blocks fromJensen's home. The couple, instead, visited a friend before stopping at a local restaurant, and then driving out onLake Herman Road. At about 10:15 p.m., Faraday parked his mother's Rambler in a gravel turnout, which was awell-known lovers' lane.

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Shortly after 11:00 p.m., their bodies were found by Stella Borges, who lived nearby. The Solano County Sheriff'sDepartment investigated the crime but no leads developed.[9]

Utilizing available forensic data, Robert Graysmith postulated that another car pulled into the turnout, just prior to11:00 and parked beside the couple. The killer apparently exited the second car and walked toward the Rambler,possibly ordering the couple out of the Rambler. Jensen appeared to have exited the car first, yet when Faraday washalfway out, the killer apparently shot Faraday in the head. Fleeing from the killer, Jensen was gunned downtwenty-eight feet from the car with five shots through her back. The killer then drove off.[10]

Blue Rock Springs attackJust before midnight on July 4, 1969, Darlene Ferrin and Michael Mageau drove into the Blue Rock Springs Parkin Vallejo, four miles from the Lake Herman Road murder site, and parked. While the couple sat in Ferrin's car, asecond car drove into the lot and parked alongside them, almost immediately driving away. Returning about 10minutes later, this second car parked behind them. The driver of the second car then exited the vehicle, approachingthe passenger side door of Ferrin's car, carrying a flashlight and a 9 mm Luger. First, the killer directed the flashlightinto Mageau's and Ferrin's eyes, before shooting each of the victims 3 times. When Mageau moaned in pain, thekiller returned and shot each victim 2 more times before driving off.[11]

On July 5, 1969, at 12:40 a.m., a man phoned the Vallejo Police Department to report and claim responsibility forthe attack. He also took credit for the murders of Jensen and Faraday six-and-a-half months earlier. The police tracedthe call to a phone booth at a gas station at Springs Road and Tuolumne, about three-tenths of a mile from Ferrin'shome and only a few blocks from the Vallejo Police Department.[12]

Ferrin was pronounced dead at the hospital. Mageau survived the attack despite being shot in the face, neck, andchest.[13]

The Zodiac letters begin

The solution to Zodiac's 408-symbol cipher. The meaning, if any, ofthe final eighteen letters has not been determined.[14]

On August 1, 1969, three letters prepared by the killerwere received at the Vallejo Times-Herald, the SanFrancisco Chronicle, and the San Francisco Examiner.The nearly identical letters took credit for the shootingsat Lake Herman Road and Blue Rock Springs. Eachletter also included one-third of a 408-symbolcryptogram which the killer claimed contained hisidentity. The killer demanded they be printed on eachpaper's front page or he would "cruse [sic] around allweekend killing lone people in the night then move onto kill again, until I end up with a dozen people overthe weekend."[15] The Chronicle published its third ofthe cryptogram on page four of the next day's edition.An article printed alongside the code quoted VallejoPolice Chief Jack E. Stiltz as saying "We're not satisfied that the letter was written by the murderer" and requestedthe writer send a second letter with more facts to prove his identity.[16] The threatened murders did not happen, andall three parts were eventually published.

On August 7, 1969, another letter was received at the San Francisco Examiner with the salutation "Dear Editor This is the Zodiac speaking". This was the first time the killer had used this name for himself. The letter was a response to Chief Stiltz's request for more details to prove he had killed Faraday, Jensen and Ferrin. In it, the Zodiac included details about the murders which had not been released to the public as well as a message to the police that when they

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cracked his code "they will have me".[17]

On August 8, 1969, Donald and Bettye Harden of Salinas, California, cracked the 408-symbol cryptogram. No nameappears in the decoded text.[14]

Lake Berryessa AttackOn September 27, 1969, Bryan Hartnell and Cecelia Shepard were picnicking at Lake Berryessa on a small islandconnected by a sand spit to Twin Oak Ridge. A man approached them wearing a black executioner's-type hood withclip-on sunglasses over the eye-holes and a bib-like device on his chest that had a white 3"x3" cross-circle symbol onit. He approached them with a gun which Hartnell believed to be a .45. The hooded man claimed to be an escapedconvict from Deer Lodge, Montana; where he killed a guard and stole a car, explaining that he needed their car andmoney to go to Mexico. He had brought precut lengths of plastic clothesline and told Shepard to tie up Hartnell,before he tied her up. The killer checked, and tightened, Hartnell's bonds after discovering Shepard had boundHartnell's hands loosely. Hartnell initially believed it to be a weird robbery, but the man drew a knife and stabbedthem both repeatedly. The killer then hiked 500 yards back up to Knoxville Road, drew the cross-circle symbol onHartnell's car door with a black felt-tip pen, and wrote beneath it: "Vallejo/12-20-68/7-4-69/Sept 27-69-6:30/byknife."[18] [19]

At 7:40 p.m., the killer called the Napa County Sheriff's office from a pay telephone to report his crime. The phonewas found, still off the hook, minutes later at the Napa Car Wash on Main Street in Napa by KVON radio reporterPat Stanley, only a few blocks from the sheriff's office, yet 27 miles from the crime scene. Detectives were able tolift a still-wet palm print from the telephone but were never able to match it to any suspect.[20]

After hearing their screams for help, a man and his son who were fishing in a nearby cove discovered the victims andsummoned help by contacting park rangers. Napa County Sheriff's deputies Dave Collins and Ray Land were thefirst law enforcement officers to arrive at the crime scene.[21] Cecelia Shepard was conscious when Collins arrived,providing him with a detailed description of the attacker. Hartnell and Shepard were taken to Queen of the ValleyHospital in Napa by ambulance. Shepard lapsed into a coma during transport to the hospital and never regainedconsciousness. She died two days later, but Hartnell survived to recount his tale to the press.[22] [23] Napa CountySheriff Detective Ken Narlow, who was assigned to the case from the outset, worked on solving the crime until hisretirement from the department in 1987.[24]

Presidio Heights attackOn October 11, 1969, a man entered the cab driven by Paul Stine at the intersection of Mason and Geary Streets inSan Francisco requesting to be taken to Washington and Maple Streets in Presidio Heights. For reasons unknown,Stine drove one block past Maple to Cherry Street; this passenger then shot Stine once in the head with a 9 mm, tookStine's wallet, car keys, and tore away a section of Stine's bloodstained shirt tail. He was observed by three teenagersacross the street at 9:55 p.m., who called the police while the crime was in progress. They observed the man wipingthe cab down before walking away towards the Presidio, one block to the north.[25]

Two blocks from the crime scene, Officer Don Fouke, responding to the call, observed a white man walking alongthe sidewalk stepping onto a stairway leading up to the front yard of one of the homes on the north side of the street;the encounter lasted only five to ten seconds.[26] The radio dispatcher had alerted to be on the lookout for a blacksuspect, so they drove past him without stopping; the mix-up in descriptions remains unexplained to this day. Asearch ensued, but no possible suspects were found. The three teen witnesses worked with a police artist to prepare acomposite sketch of Stine's killer; then, a few days later, this police artist returned, working with the witnesses toprepare a second composite sketch of the killer.Detectives Bill Armstrong and Dave Toschi were assigned to the case.The San Francisco Police Department investigated an estimated 2,500 suspects over a period of years.[27]

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More Zodiac lettersOn October 14, 1969, the Chronicle received another letter from the Zodiac, this time containing a swatch of PaulStine's shirt tail as proof he was the killer; it also included a threat about shooting school children.At 2:00 p.m. on October 20, 1969, someone claiming to be the Zodiac called Oakland PD demanding that one of twoprominent lawyers, F. Lee Bailey or Melvin Belli, appear on Jim Dunbar's television talk show in the morning.Bailey was not available, but Belli did appear on the show. Dunbar appealed to the viewers to keep the lines open,and eventually, someone claiming to be the Zodiac called several times and said his name was "Sam." Belli agreed tomeet with him in Daly City, but the suspect never showed up.On November 8, 1969, the Zodiac mailed a card with another cryptogram consisting of 340 characters.On November 9, 1969, the Zodiac mailed a seven-page letter in which he claimed that two policemen stopped andactually spoke with him three minutes after he shot Stine. Excerpts from the letter were published in the Chronicleon November 12 including the Zodiac's claim;[28] [29] that same day, Don Fouke wrote a memo explaining what hadhappened that night. The 340-character cipher has never been decoded.[30] Numerous possible "solutions" have beensuggested, but none can be claimed as definitive.On December 20, 1969, exactly one year after the murders of David Faraday and Betty Lou Jensen, the Zodiacmailed a letter to Belli, including another swatch of Stine's shirt; the Zodiac claimed he wanted Belli to help him.

Modesto attackOn the night of March 22, 1970, Kathleen Johns was driving from San Bernardino to Petaluma to visit her mother.She was seven months pregnant and had her 10-month-old daughter beside her.[31] While heading west on Highway132 near Modesto, a car behind her began honking and flashing its lights. She pulled off the road and stopped. Theman in the car parked behind her stated her right rear tire was wobbling, and offered to tighten the lugs. Afterfinishing his work, the man drove off; yet when Johns pulled forward to reenter the highway the wheel almostimmediately came off of the car. The man returned, offering to drive her to the nearest gas station for help. She andher daughter climbed into his car. During the ride the car passed several service stations but the man did not stop. Forabout 90 minutes he drove back and forth around the backroads near Tracy. When Johns asked why he was notstopping, he would change the subject. When the driver finally stopped at an intersection, the man told Johns that hewas going to kill her and then throw the baby out after her. Johns jumped out with her daughter and hid in a field.The driver then closed the car door and drove off. Johns hitched a ride to the police station in Patterson.[8]

When Johns gave her statement to the sergeant on duty, she noticed the police composite sketch of Paul Stine's killerand recognized him as the man who abducted her and her child.[32] Fearing the Zodiac might come back and killthem all, the sergeant had Johns wait, in the dark, at the nearby Mil's Restaurant. When her car was found, it hadbeen gutted and torched.[32]

There are numerous conflicting accounts of the Johns abduction. Most accounts claiming he threatened to kill herand her daughter while driving them around,[33] but at least one police report disputes that.[8] Johns' account to PaulAvery of the Chronicle indicates her abductor left his car and searched for her in the dark with a flashlight;[34]

however, in one report she made to the police, she stated he did not leave the vehicle.[8]

More Zodiac communicationsThe Zodiac continued to communicate with authorities for the remainder of 1970 via letters and greeting cards to the press. In a letter postmarked April 20, 1970, the Zodiac wrote, "My name is _____", followed by a 13-character cipher.[35] The Zodiac went on to state that he was not responsible for the recent bombing of a police station in San Francisco (referring to the February 18, 1970, death of Sgt. Brian McDonnell two days after the bombing at Park Station in Golden Gate Park)[36] but added "there is more glory to killing a cop than a cid [sic] because a cop can shoot back." The letter included a diagram of a bomb the Zodiac claimed he would use to blow up a school bus. At

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the bottom of the diagram, he wrote: " = 10, SFPD = 0".[35]

Zodiac sent a greeting card postmarked 28 April 1970, to the Chronicle. Written on the card was, "I hope you enjoyyourselves when I have my BLAST", followed by the Zodiac's cross circle signature. On the back of the card, theZodiac threatened to use his bus bomb soon unless the newspaper published the full details he wrote. He also wantedto start seeing people wearing "some nice Zodiac butons [sic]".[37]

In a letter postmarked June 26, 1970, the Zodiac stated he was upset that he did not see people wearing Zodiacbuttons. He wrote, "I shot a man sitting in a parked car with a .38."[38] The Zodiac was possibly referring to themurder of Sgt. Richard Radetich, a week earlier, on 19 June. At 05:25, Radetich was writing a parking ticket in hissquad car when an assailant shot him in the head with a .38-caliber pistol. Radetich died 15 hours later. SFPD deniesthe Zodiac was involved in this murder; it remains unsolved.[36]

Included with the letter was a Phillips 66 map of the San Francisco Bay Area. On the image of Mount Diablo, theZodiac had drawn a crossed-circle similar to the ones he had included in previous correspondence. At the top of thecrossed circle, he placed a zero, and then a three, six, and a nine, so the annotation resembled a clock face. Theaccompanying instructions stated that the zero was "to be set to Mag. N."[39] The letter also included a 32-lettercipher that the killer claimed would, in conjunction with the code, lead to the location of a bomb he had buried andset to go off in the autumn. The bomb was never located. The killer had signed the note with " = 12, SFPD = 0."In a letter to the Chronicle postmarked July 24, 1970, the Zodiac took credit for Kathleen Johns' abduction, fourmonths after the incident.[40]

In a July 26, 1970 letter, the Zodiac paraphrased a song from The Mikado, adding his own lyrics about making a"little list" of the ways he planned to torture his "slaves" in "paradice." The letter was signed with a large,exaggerated cross circle symbol and a new score: " = 13, SFPD = 0."[41] A final note at the bottom of the letterstated, "P.S. The Mt. Diablo code concerns Radians + # inches along the radians."[42] In 1981, a close examination ofthe radian hint by Zodiac researcher Gareth Penn led to the discovery that a radian angle, when placed over the mapper Zodiac's instructions, pointed to the locations of two Zodiac attacks.[43]

On October 7, 1970, the Chronicle received a three-by-five inch card signed by the Zodiac with the drawn withblood. The card's message was formed by pasting words and letters from an edition of the Chronicle, and thirteenholes were punched across the card. Inspectors Armstrong and Toschi agreed it was "highly probable" the card camefrom the Zodiac.[44]

Zodiac letter to Chronicle reporter Paul AveryOn October 27, 1970, Chronicle reporter Paul Avery (who had been covering the Zodiac case) received a Halloweencard signed with a letter 'Z' and the Zodiac's cross circle symbol. Handwritten on the card was the note "Peek-a-boo,you are doomed". The threat was taken seriously and received a front-page story on the Chronicle.[6] Soon afterreceiving this letter, Avery received an anonymous letter alerting him to the similarities between the Zodiac'sactivities and the unsolved murder of Cheri Jo Bates, which had occurred four years earlier at the city college inRiverside in the Greater Los Angeles Area, more than 400 miles south of San Francisco.[45] He reported his findingsin the Chronicle on 16 November 1970.

Riverside attackOn October 30, 1966, 18-year-old Bates spent the evening at the campus library annex until it closed at 21:00.Neighbors reported hearing a scream around 22:30. Bates was found dead the next morning, a short distance fromthe library, between two abandoned houses slated to be demolished for campus renovations. The wires in herVolkswagen's distributor cap had been pulled out. She was brutally beaten and stabbed to death. A man's Timexwatch with a torn wristband was found nearby.[46] The watch had stopped at 12:24,[47] but police believe the attackoccurred much earlier.[46]

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The Confession

A month later, on November 29, 1966, nearly identical typewrittenletters were mailed to the Riverside police and the RiversidePress-Enterprise, titled "The Confession". The author claimedresponsibility for the Bates murder, providing details of the crime notreleased to the public. The author warned that Bates "is not the firstand she will not be the last".[48]

In December 1966, a poem was discovered carved into the bottom sideof a desktop in the Riverside City College library. Titled "Sick ofliving/unwilling to die", the poem's language and handwritingresembled those of the Zodiac's letters. It was signed with what wereassumed to be the initials, "rh". Sherwood Morrill, California's top"Questioned Documents" examiner, expressed his opinion that the poem was written by the Zodiac.[49]

On April 30, 1967, the six-month anniversary of Bates' murder, Bates' father Joseph, the Press-Enterprise, and theRiverside police all received nearly identical letters. In handwritten scrawl, the Press-Enterprise and police copiesread, "Bates had to die there will be more", with a small scribble at the bottom that resembled the letter 'Z'. JosephBates' copy read "She had to die there will be more" without a "Z" signature.On March 13, 1971, nearly four months after Paul Avery's first article on Bates, the Zodiac mailed a letter to the LosAngeles Times. In the letter he credited the police, instead of Avery, for discovering his "Riverside activity, but theyare only finding the easy ones, there are a hell of a lot more down there".[50]

The connection between Cheri Jo Bates, Riverside, and the Zodiac remains uncertain. Paul Avery and the RiversidePolice Department maintain that the Bates homicide was not committed by the Zodiac, but did concede some of theBates letters may have been his work to falsely claim credit.[51]

Lake Tahoe disappearanceOn March 22, 1971 a postcard to the Chronicle, addressed to "Paul Averly", and believed to be from the Zodiac,appeared to take credit for the disappearance of Donna Lass on September 6, 1970.[7] Made from a collage ofadvertisements and magazine lettering, it featured a scene from an advertisement for Forest Pines condominiums andthe text "Sierra Club," "Sought Victim 12," "peek through the pines," "pass Lake Tahoe areas," and "around in thesnow." Zodiac's cross circle symbol was in the place of the usual return address.[52]

Lass was a nurse at the Sierra Tahoe hotel and casino. She worked until about 2:00 a.m. on September 6, 1970,treating her last patient at 1:40. Later that same day, both Lass's employer and her landlord received phone calls froman unknown male falsely claiming Lass had left town due to a family emergency.[53] Lass was never found. Whatappeared to be a grave site was discovered near the Claire Tappan Lodge in Norden, California, on Sierra Clubproperty, but an excavation yielded only a pair of sunglasses.[54]

No evidence has been uncovered to definitively connect Donna Lass' disappearance with the Zodiac Killer.[55]

Santa Barbara attackIn a Vallejo Times-Herald story appearing on 13 November 1972, Santa Barbara Sheriff's Detective Bill Baker (ret.)postulated that the murders of a young couple in Santa Barbara County might have been the work of the Zodiackiller.On June 4, 1963, high-school senior Robert Domingos and fiancée Linda Edwards were shot to death on a beachnear Lompoc, having skipped school that day for "Senior Ditch Day". Police believed that the assailant attempted tobind the victims, but when they freed themselves and attempted to flee, the killer shot them repeatedly in the backand chest with a .22-caliber weapon. The killer then placed their bodies in a small shack and tried, unsuccessfully, toburn it down.[56]

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Final Zodiac lettersAfter the "Pines" card, the Zodiac remained silent for nearly three years. The Chronicle then received a letter fromthe Zodiac, postmarked January 29, 1974, praising The Exorcist as "the best saterical comidy [sic]" that he had everseen. The letter included a snippet of verse from The Mikado and an unusual symbol at the bottom that has remainedunexplained by researchers. Zodiac concluded the letter with a new score, "Me = 37, SFPD = 0".[57]

The Chronicle received another letter postmarked February 14, 1974, informing the editor that the initials for theSymbionese Liberation Army spelled out an Old Norse word meaning "kill".[58] [59] However, the handwriting wasnot authenticated as the Zodiac's.A letter to the Chronicle, postmarked May 8, 1974, featured a complaint that the movie Badlands was"murder-glorification" and asked the paper to cut its advertisements. Signed only "A citizen", the handwriting, tone,and surface irony were all similar to earlier Zodiac communications.[60]

The Chronicle subsequently received an anonymous letter postmarked July 8, 1974, complaining about one of itscolumnists, Marco Spinelli. The letter was signed "the Red Phantom (red with rage)". The Zodiac's authorship of thisletter is debated.[61]

A letter, dated April 24, 1978, was initially deemed authentic, but was declared a hoax less than three months laterby three experts. In recent years, however, this letter has been deemed authentic. Dave Toschi, the SFPD homicidedetective who had worked the case since the Stine murder, was thought to have forged the letter, because authorArmistead Maupin believed the letter to be similar to "fan mail" he received in 1976 which he believed wasauthoured by Toschi. While he admitted to writing the fan mail, Toschi denied forging the Zodiac letter and waseventually cleared of any charges. The authenticity of this letter remains unverified.On March 3, 2007, an American Greetings Christmas card sent to the Chronicle, postmarked 1990 in Eureka hadrecently been discovered in their photo files by editorial assistant Daniel King.[62] Inside the envelope, with the card,was a photocopy of two U.S. Postal keys on a magnet keychain. The handwriting on the envelope resembles Zodiac'sprint, but was declared inauthentic by forensic document examiner Lloyd Cunningham. Not all Zodiac experts,however, agree with Cunningham's analysis.[63] There is no return address on the envelope nor is his crossed-circlesignature to be found. The card itself is unmarked.[64] The Chronicle turned over all the material to the VallejoPolice Department for further analysis.

Prime suspect

Arthur Leigh AllenArthur Leigh Allen was the prime suspect in the Zodiac murders and the only suspect served search warrants bypolice.[65] He was never charged with any Zodiac-related crime, and his fingerprints did not match those left by thekiller of taxi cab driver Paul Stine.[66] [67] In 1992, 23 years after the shootings, survivor Michael Mageau identifiedAllen as the man who shot him, from a photo lineup of 1968 driver's licenses. Allen, who suffered from diabetes,died in 1992 from kidney failure.[68] In 2002, DNA samples taken from saliva on the Zodiac's stamps and envelopeswere compared with the DNA of Arthur Leigh Allen, and the DNA of a former close friend of Allen named DonCheney, who first identified Allen as the Zodiac Killer. Allen and Cheney were ruled out as the contributors of theDNA, though it cannot be stated definitively that it is DNA from the Zodiac on the envelopes.[69]

Zodiac Killer 9

Current status of Zodiac Killer investigationsIn 2002, SFPD submitted DNA evidence from Zodiac's letters for analysis, which resulted in a partial genetic profile.The test seems to have conclusively ruled out the Vallejo Police Department's lead suspect, Arthur Leigh Allen.[70]

During a photo line up over twenty years after Mike Mageau—one of only two survivors of the Zodiacmurders—was shot, Mageau identified Allen as the man who shot him on July 4, 1969. Mageau stated he had neverbeen shown a photo line up prior to that appointment in 1991. Allen died shortly after Mageau's identification. Eventhough DNA samples taken from the letters sent by the Zodiac ruled out Allen as the person who handled them,neither the Vallejo nor the San Francisco Police Departments have ruled out Allen as a suspect.[71]

In April 2004, the SFPD marked the case "inactive", citing caseload pressure and resource demands.[72]

In 2007, Jack Tarrance's stepson, Dennis Kaufman, claimed that his stepfather was the Zodiac.[73] Kaufman turnedseveral items over to the FBI including a hood similar to the one worn by the Zodiac. However, Kaufman also laterclaimed that Tarrance was the Black Dahlia killer, the Texarkansas Phantom and the Lipstick Killer, so his claim thathis stepfather was the Zodiac is no longer considered to be very credible.[74] According to news sources, DNAanalysis conducted by the FBI on the items were deemed inconclusive in 2010.[75]

In 2009, Deborah Perez claimed that her father, Guy Ward Hendrickson, was the Zodiac.[76] However, Perez alsoallegedly previously claimed that she was the illegitimate daughter of John F. Kennedy, so her claim that her fatherwas the Zodiac is no longer considered to be very credible.[77]

In 2009, DNA of Richard Joseph Gaikowski (aka Dick Gaik) was sent to the SFPD.The Vallejo Police Department website maintains a link for providing Zodiac crime tips.[78] The case is also open inNapa County and also in the city of Riverside.Retired police detective Steve Hodel makes a case in his book The Black Dahlia Avenger[79] that his father, GeorgeHill Hodel, was the Black Dahlia suspect whose victims include Elizabeth Short. The book caused the release ofpreviously suppressed files and wire recordings by the LA district attorney's office of his father which showed thathe was a prime suspect in Short's murder. The LA District Attorney subsequently wrote a letter which is published inthe revised edition stating that if he were still alive he would be prosecuted for the crimes. In a follow up book,Hodel makes a circumstantial case that his father was also the Zodiac Killer based upon a police sketch, thesimilarity of the style of the Zodiac letters to the Black Dahlia Avenger letters and questioned documentexamination.[80]

Popular cultureThe Zodiac Killer's crimes, letters, and cryptograms to police and newspapers inspired many movies, novels,television productions, and other serial killers.

References[1] SFPD New Release, March 2007[2] Napa PD Website, Vallejo PD Website and "Tipline", Solano County Sheriff's Office[3] California Department of Justice Website[4] "The Zodiac Killer - Famous Criminal - The Crimes - Page 1 of 9 - Crime And Investigation Network" (http:/ / www. crimeandinvestigation.

co. za/ famous_criminal/ 86/ the_crimes/ 1/ The_Zodiac_Killer. htm). Crimeandinvestigation.co.za. . Retrieved 2010-01-02.[5] "www.zodiackiller.com/[6] Graysmith, p. 160.[7] Adams, p. 274[8] "Police report" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ JohnsReport. html). Zodiackiller.com. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[9] "Dec. 20, 1968 - Lake Herman Road" (http:/ / www. clint. ca/ zodiac/ lakeherman. htm). . Retrieved 2008-06-16.[10] Graysmith, Robert (1976). Zodiac. Berkley. pp. 4–7. ISBN 0425098087.[11] Graysmith, pp. 26–28.[12] Graysmith, pp. 32–33.

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[13] Graysmith, p. 29.[14] Graysmith, pp. 54–55.[15] Graysmith, p. 49.[16] Coded Clues in Murders (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ zodiac_1969_08_02_a. pdf). San Francisco Chronicle, 2

August 1969. Retrieved 21 July 2007.[17] Graysmith, pp. 55–57.[18] Graysmith, pp. 62–77[19] "Message written on Hartnell's car door" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ KarmannGhia. html). Zodiackiller.com. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[20] Stanley, Pat (2007-02-18). "Zodiac on the line ..." (http:/ / www. napavalleyregister. com/ articles/ 2007/ 02/ 18/ news/ local/ iq_3812957.

txt). Napa Valley Register. . Retrieved 2008-09-16.[21] Dorgan, Marsha (2007-02-18). "Online exclusive: In the wake, of the Zodiac" (http:/ / www. napavalleyregister. com/ articles/ 2007/ 02/ 18/

news/ local/ iq_3823497. txt). Napa Valley Register. . Retrieved 2008-09-16.[22] Carson, L. Pierce (2007-02-18). "Zodiac victim: 'I refused to die'" (http:/ / www. napavalleyregister. com/ articles/ 2007/ 02/ 18/ news/ local/

iq_3823540. txt). Napa Valley Register. . Retrieved 2008-09-16.[23] "Girl Dies of Stabbing at Berryessa" (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ zodiac_1969_09_30_1. pdf). San Francisco

Chronicle. 1969-09-30. . Retrieved 2008-09-16.[24] Dorgan, Marsha (2007-02-18). "Tracking the mark of the Zodiac for decades" (http:/ / www. napavalleyregister. com/ articles/ 2007/ 02/ 18/

news/ local/ iq_3821597. txt). Napa Valley Register. . Retrieved 2008-09-16.[25] "Definite Zodiac Victim Paul Stine" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ Stine. html). Zodiackiller.com. . Retrieved 2010-01-02.[26] Rodelli, Mike (2005). "4th Interview with Don Fouke - Thoughts on the Zodiac Killer" (http:/ / www. mikerodelli. com/ 4interview. html).

Mike Rodelli. .[27] "Zodiac Killer: Meet The Prime Suspects" (http:/ / www. amw. com/ features/ feature_story_detail. cfm?id=1542). America's Most Wanted.

September 2, 2008. .[28] "I've Killed Seven" The Zodiac Claims (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ zodiac_1969_11_12_1. pdf). San

Francisco Chronicle, November 12, 1969.[29] New Letters From Zodiac -- Boast of More Killings (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/

zodiac_1969_11_12_jump_1. pdf). San Francisco Chronicle, November 12, 1969.[30] McCarthy, Chris. "Alphabet of the 340 Character Zodiac Cypher" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20080206131017/ http:/ / www. dtm. ciw.

edu/ chris/ z/ 340explain. html). Archived from the original (http:/ / www. dtm. ciw. edu/ chris/ z/ 340explain. html) on 2008-02-06. .[31] Smith, Dave (November 16, 1970). "Evidence Links Zodiac Killer to '66 Death of Riverside Coed". Los Angeles Times.[32] Montaldo, Charles. "The Zodiac Killer Continued - The Zodiac Letters" (http:/ / crime. about. com/ od/ history/ a/ zodiackiller_2. htm).

About.com. .[33] Adams, p. 268.[34] Graysmith, p. 139.[35] "My Name Is" letter (http:/ / zodiackiller. com/ MyNameIsLetter. html). Retrieved 2007-03-08.[36] Zamorra, Jim Herron. 1967-71 -- a bloody period for S.F. police (http:/ / www. sfgate. com/ cgi-bin/ article. cgi?file=/ c/ a/ 2007/ 01/ 27/

MNG9DNQ8TQ1. DTL). San Francisco Chronicle; 2007-01-27. Retrieved 2007-03-07.[37] "Dragon card letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ DragonCard. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1970-04-28. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[38] "Button letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ ZButtonLetter. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1970-06-26. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[39] "Zodiac map letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ ZMap. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1970-06-26. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[40] "Zodiac Johns letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ JohnsLetter. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1970-07-24. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[41] "Zodiac Mikado letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ Mikado1. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1970-07-26. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[42] "Zodiac Mikado letter, cont" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ Mikado5. html). Zodiackiller.com. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[43] Rowlett, Curt, Labyrinth13: True Tales of the Occult, Crime & Conspiracy, Chapter 9, The Z Files: Labyrinth13 Examines the Zodiac

Murders, The Rhyme of the Radian, pp. 64–68. (Lulu Press, 2006). ISBN 1-4116-6083-8.[44] Gilbert and Sullivan Clue to Zodiac (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ zodiac_1970_10_12_1. pdf). San Francisco

Chronicle, October 12, 1970.[45] Graysmith, pp. 161–162.[46] Graysmith, pp. 165–166.[47] Photo of watch found near Bates' body. (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ BatesWatch2. html). Retrieved 21 July 2007.[48] Graysmith, pp. 168–169.[49] Graysmith, pp. 170–172.[50] L.A. Times 1971 Zodiac letter (http:/ / members. aol. com/ Jakewark/ connect. html). Retrieved 21 July 2007.[51] Zimmerman, Janet. New movie 'Zodiac' includes Redlands resident's attack (http:/ / www. pe. com/ localnews/ riverside/ stories/

PE_News_Local_D_zodiak_02. 3f2cafb. html) Riverside Press-Enterprise, March 1, 2007. Retrieved March 13, 2007.[52] "Zodiac postcard" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ PinesCard. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1971-03-22. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[53] Graysmith, p. 178.[54] "Lass profile" (http:/ / www. zodiacmurders. com/ victim_lass. html). Zodiacmurders.com. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[55] "Possible Zodiac Victim Donna Lass" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ Lass. html). Zodiackiller.com. . Retrieved 2010-01-02.

Zodiac Killer 11

[56] Santa Barbara Sheriff Detective Bill Baker explains the case on a message board. (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ mba/ opzv/ 72. html).Retrieved 21 July 2007.

[57] "Zodiac Exorcist letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ ExorcistLetter. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1974-01-29. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[58] Tips Still Pursue Multiple Slayer (http:/ / cdn. sfgate. com/ chronicle/ acrobat/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ zodiac_1976_08_26_1. pdf). San Francisco

Chronicle, August 26, 1976.[59] Kelly Wilson (2008-11-06). "SLA Letter" (http:/ / members. aol. com/ Jakewark/ SLA. html). Members.aol.com. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[60] "Citizen Letter" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070615151031/ http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ CitizenLetter. html). Archived from the

original (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ CitizenLetter. html) on 2007-06-15. .[61] "Red Phantom letter" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ RedPhantomLetter. html). Zodiackiller.com. 1974-07-08. . Retrieved 2010-05-30.[62] Williams, Lance. "Zodiac's written clues fascinate document expert", (http:/ / www. sfgate. com/ cgi-bin/ article. cgi?f=/ c/ a/ 2007/ 03/ 03/

MNG37OETI71. DTL& hw=zodiac+ christmas+ card& sn=001& sc=1000) San Francisco Chronicle, 3 March 2007. Retrieved March 15,2007.

[63] Freedman, Rich. Zodiac: Did killer send card in 1990? (http:/ / www. timesheraldonline. com/ todaysnews/ci_5355609~Zodiac:_Did_killer_send_card_in_1990?); The Vallejo Times Herald, March 3, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2007.

[64] Christmas card envelope (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ images/ eurekaenvelopelarge. jpg); Christmas card front (http:/ / www.zodiackiller. com/ images/ eurekacard1large. jpg); Christmas card interior (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ images/ eurekacard2large. jpg);Photocopy of Christmas card keys and pencil (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ images/ xerox. jpg). Retrieved March 15, 2007.

[65] Voight, Tom, The Arthur Leigh Allen File (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ AllenFile. html); 2003. Retrieved 2007-03-01.[66] Zodiac case overview by Clint Vander Klok (http:/ / www. se7en-x. com/ zodiac/ bio. htm). Retrieved 2007-03-01.[67] Suspect profile of Arthur Leigh Allen (http:/ / www. olesin. 50megs. com/ zodiac/ allen. htm). Retrieved 2007-03-01.[68] "Zodiac Movie vs. Zodiac Killer True Story - Robert Graysmith" (http:/ / www. chasingthefrog. com/ reelfaces/ zodiac. php).

Chasingthefrog.com. . Retrieved 2010-01-02.[69] "The Arthur Leigh Allen File | Zodiac Killer | Zodiac Murders | The Zodiac Movie" (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ AllenFile. html).

Zodiac Killer. . Retrieved 2010-01-02.[70] Weiss, Mike; DNA seems to clear only Zodiac suspect (http:/ / www. sfgate. com/ cgi-bin/ article. cgi?f=/ c/ a/ 2002/ 10/ 15/ MN47255.

DTL& hw=zodiac+ case+ dna& sn=006& sc=687); San Francisco Chronicle; 2002-10-12. Retrieved 2007-02-28.[71] Definite Zodiac Victims: Darlene Ferrin and Mike Mageau (http:/ / www. zodiackiller. com/ FerrinMageau. html)[72] Goodyear, Charlie. Files shut on Zodiac's deadly trail (http:/ / www. sfgate. com/ cgi-bin/ article. cgi?f=/ c/ a/ 2004/ 04/ 07/

MNG8N61MGI1. DTL); San Francisco Chronicle; 2004-04-07. Retrieved 2008-09-18.[73] Zodiac Killer: Meet The Prime Suspects (http:/ / www. amw. com/ features/ feature_story_detail. cfm?id=1542)[74] [http://denniskaufman.websitetoolbox.com/ Dennis Kaufman's Various Posts. Retrieved 2010-09-06.[75] Pickel, Kris (Feb 10, 2010), FBI: Test Results Back For Zodiac Killer Suspect (http:/ / cbs13. com/ local/ zodiac. jack. tarrance. 2. 1486853.

html), CBS13 News Sacramento, , retrieved May 31, 2010[76] The Associated Press (2009-04-30). "Ca. woman Deborah Perez says Zodiac killer was her father; police to investigate claim (New York

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[77] Zodiac Killer's Daughter, Deborah Perez, Also JFK's Daughter (http:/ / sfist. com/ 2009/ 05/ 01/ zodiack_killers_daughter_deborah_pe.php). Retrieved 2010-02-07.

[78] City of Vallejo - Police (http:/ / www. ci. vallejo. ca. us/ GovSite/ default. asp?serviceID1=79). Retrieved 2008-06-15.[79] Hodel, Steve (2006). Black Dahlia Avenger: The True Story. Harper Paperbacks. ISBN 0061139610.[80] Hodel, Steve (2009). Most Evil: Avenger, Zodiac, and the Further Serial Murders of Dr. George Hill Hodel. Dutton Adult.

ISBN 0525951326.

Further reading• Adams, Charles F. (2004). Murder by the Bay: Historic Homicide in and about the City of San Francisco. Quill

Driver Books. ISBN 978-1884995460.• Beeman, William (writing as "Dr. Oscar Henry Jigglelance"). (1990). Jack the Zodiac Parts I & II (White Lite

Publishing, Vallejo, CA).• Davis, Howard. (1997). The Zodiac/Manson Connection (Pen Power Publications, Costa Mesa, CA). ISBN

0-9629084-2-8.• Graysmith, Robert. (2007). Zodiac (Berkeley; reissue edition). ISBN 0-425-21218-1.• Graysmith, Robert. (2007). Zodiac Unmasked: The Identity of America's Most Elusive Serial Killer (Berkeley;

reissue edition). ISBN 0-425-21273-4.• Kelleher, Michael D. and Van Nuys, David. (2002). "This is the Zodiac Speaking": Into the Mind of a Serial

Killer (Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT). ISBN 0-275-97338-7.

Zodiac Killer 12

• Penn, Gareth (writing under the pseudonym "George Oakes") Portrait of the Artist as a Mass Murderer,California Magazine November 1981, pp. 111–114, 166–170.

• Penn, Gareth. (1987). Times 17: The Amazing Story of the Zodiac Murders in California and Massachusetts,1966–1981 (The Foxglove Press, CA). ISBN 0-9618494-0-1.

• Penn, Gareth. (1999). The Second Power: A Mathematical Analysis of the Letters Attributed to the ZodiacMurderer and Supplement to Times 17 (self-published booklet).

• Martin, Michael J. (2009) With Malice Aforethought: For three decades, a highly regarded Berkeley professorhas stood accused of America's most notorious serial murders. Why won't he fight back? Weekly Scientist (http:/ /www. weeklyscientist. com)

• Rasmussen, William T. (2006). Corroborating Evidence II (Sunstone Press). ISBN 0-86534-536-8.• Renner, James (2008). The Serial Killer's Apprentice: And 12 Other True Stories of Cleveland's Most Intriguing

Unsolved Crimes. Cleveland, OH: Gray & Company, Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59851-046-1• Rowlett, Curt. (2006). Labyrinth13: True Tales of the Occult, Crime & Conspiracy Chapter 9, The Z Files:

Labyrinth13 Examines the Zodiac Murders (Lulu Press). ISBN 1-4116-6083-8.• Rowlett, Curt, Decoding the Zodiac Killer, Issue 43, Paranoia (magazine), Winter 2007, pp. 48–52.

External links• "Zodiac Murder Map" (http:/ / maps. google. com/ maps/ ms?ie=UTF8& hl=en& om=1&

msid=110578061651284892934. 00000111d3cf57de2c360& msa=0& ll=38. 201497,-122. 203674& spn=1.651111,2. 271423& z=9) - Google Map plotting definite and possible Zodiac attacks (with details).

• Zodiac Cipher Cryptanalysis Tool (http:/ / oranchak. com/ zodiac/ webtoy/ )• Zodiac called a "clumsy criminal" (http:/ / sfgate. com/ cgi-bin/ article. cgi?f=/ c/ a/ 2007/ 02/ 25/ PKGRJN85FJ1.

DTL) - Original San Francisco Chronicle article from October 18, 1969 where Zodiac's methods and psychologyare questioned by law enforcement.

• Zodiologists (http:/ / www. zodiologists. com/ ) - site including some letters and ciphers and casual analysis.• Zodiac Killer Facts (http:/ / www. zodiackillerfacts. com/ ) - site that includes debunking of myths and legends

about the case, a message board with lively discussion and several galleries: photos, audio and video.

Article Sources and Contributors 13

Article Sources and ContributorsZodiac Killer  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=387613835  Contributors: .V., 21655, 2D, 320btp, 4leona2, A-non-moose, ACSE, ALargeElk, Ablebakerus, AcademicChallenger, Acc78, Acid1394, Acroterion, ActivExpression, Adamdaley, Afitillidie13, Agrumer, Ahseaton, Aitias, Akwilks, Alansohn, Alaric the Goth, Ale jrb, Alexchondros, AlexiusHoratius,Alison, Aliyaskie, Allstarecho, Amandaljones, Americus55, Anastrophe, Andonic, Andyluciano, Anna Lincoln, Antandrus, Anubis3, Apollyon48, ArglebargleIV, Arnaudh, ArnoldReinhold,Asarelah, Asc85, Ascidian, Ashley Pomeroy, Athaler, Atomicicarus, AussieLegend, Avb, Axelfear, BHC, Bacteria, Bdve, Berean Hunter, Berg1115, Bigbluefish, Bill37212, Bindyree,Binksternet, Biznatchnumerouno, Bloogoo, Bmdavll, Bobo192, Bongwarrior, Bonás, Boris Barowski, Brian1979, Briangmilnes, Brintsta, BrotherJustin, Bryan Derksen, Bryan121, BryanG,Bsroiaadn, Bullzeye, Burntsauce, CL, CPav1130, CWii, Calabraxthis, Calmer Waters, Can't sleep, clown will eat me, CanadianCaesar, CanadianLinuxUser, Canis Lupus, Canjth, Capricorn42,Captain-tucker, Card, CardinalDan, Cassmus, Celestra, Chasby, Chensiyuan, Chinatown96817, Chippyguy28, Chriff, ChristinaDunigan, Ckatz, Clarkster456, Claw6788, Closedmouth, ClovisPt,Coelacan, Colin Marquardt, Commander Shepard, Consulate76, Contributor777, Cooldude7273, Cornellrockey, Countedx58, Courcelles, Courtney grooms, Craigy144, Crapkicker, CrashUnderride, Creidieki, Crenner, Crohnie, Cromag, Cryptic, Cthompson, Cunningham, Curtmack, Curtsurly, Cyanidethistles, CzarB, D99figge, DVD R W, Daddyx2008, Dancing is Forbidden,Danelo, Danno uk, Dante Alighieri, Darrelljon, Darth Panda, DataWraith, Davemcarlson, David0811, Dawn Bard, Dccolt, Dead3y3, DeadEyeArrow, Deadeye99, DerHexer, Destynova, Dgaubin,Dimadick, Diogenes00, Discospinster, Disembodied, Dismas, Dmacgowan, Dmacw6, Doczilla, Dogosaurus, Dominik Mayer, Domster, DonelleDer, Doranchak, DoubleBlue, Downs2440,Dpeattie, Dr bab, Dr. Hannibal Lecter, DreamGuy, Drew339, Dunandafalls, Dureo, Durova, ERcheck, Earlypsychosis, Eastlaw, Ed Neil, Edelmand, Eeekster, El C, El Suizo, EliZZZa, Eliz81,Elonka, Entheta, Enti342, Epbr123, Erebus Morgaine, Eric-Wester, Erictidd86, Esoteric Rogue, Eupator, Evenios, Evil saltine, Evrik, Excirial, Factician, Falcon9x5, Fallout boy, Fighting forJustice, Firstclasspimp23, Fixer23, Flewis, FlyingPenguins, Foxymoron7, Fractions, Frattytown10, Fredb, Fritz Saalfeld, Frogan, Fyyer, GVOLTT, Gabbe, Gabeellsworth, Gaia Octavia Agrippa,Gaidheal1, Gaius Cornelius, Gamaliel, Garethvaid, Gargaj, Gayunicorn, Geniac, Gentgeen, George415, GeorgeLouis, Gettingtoit, Gilliam, Gimmetrow, Ginsengbomb, Giraffedata, Glane23,Glennlowney, Glowimperial, Gndawydiak, Gobeirne, Gogo Dodo, Gohst, Goob, Good Olfactory, Googuse, Gorgeous Ferns, Gozel, Graeme Tuckett, Gregjgrose, Gwernol, Gyrofrog, Hadlock,Hanniballecturer, Hda3ku, Heathhunnicutt, Hmoul, Hu12, Husond, Hut 8.5, Hydrargyrum, IRISHwiki15, IRP, IW.HG, Icactus, Icestorm815, Iconoclastodon, Ignus, Illusioneer, Indiankid17,Inkling, Into The Fray, Introgressive, Iridescent, Irishguy, Isotope23, IstvanWolf, IvanDLeopold, Iversonx3, Ixfd64, J-beda, J.delanoy, JBShaffer, JForget, Ja 62, Jacob no. 9, Jake Wartenberg,James.Spudeman, Jamesontai, Jason M, Jauerback, JavierMC, Jaydec, Jaydeebee1, Jeff G., Jeffpw, JemeL, Jennavecia, Jheald, Jhf, Jibbajabba, JimCubb, Jimbonator, Jimstoic, Jklin, Jmjanssen,Jmoney456, Jmundo, Joeyconnick, John Nevard, Jonmwang, Jtpaladin, Jusdafax, KCinDC, Kagome lover, Kaisershatner, Karrmann, Katymeister, Kayau, Keegan, Keilana, Ken2112, Kencf0618,Kevin j, Khallster, Khatru2, Khoikhoi, Kigali1, Killme67, Killz0ner, KittyxForxLunch, KnoledgeSeeker, Koavf, Kookface, Ksmith62, Kubigula, Kyros, L Kensington, LOL, Labyrinth13,Ladyofspain, Lankiveil, Lanway, Latics, Ld100, LeaveSleaves, Lightdarkness, Lindsey8417, Lisapollison, Lisaveras, LizardJr8, Llywrch, Lollypoprox, Lonenut2000, Luna Santin, Lupin,MAPPE, MHunt, MONGO, Mabuse, Mad283, Magog the Ogre, Majorly, ManicParroT, MarcoTolo, MarkusBJoke, Marnanel, Master of Puppets, Matthew Yeager, MaxSem, Maxamegalon2000,Mazdapickup89, Mdiamante, Mec modifier, Meegs, Meehall, Melchoir, Merle rickard, Midnightblueowl, Midway, Miguel.mateo, Mike Rosoft, Mikepanhu, Mikkel, Minimac, Minna Sora noShita, Minsbiggerthanurs, MissionInn.Jim, Mjgspaz617, MosheA, Motsa, Mr Stephen, MrWhipple, Mrbertino, Mrbob1000, Mrmiscellanious, Mrpex, Mustex, Mutinus, MySt3Ry1164,Mygerardromance, Müslimix, N328KF, NAshbery, Naddy, Nagelfar, Nagy, Natalie Erin, NawlinWiki, NcMysteryShopper, Ncmvocalist, Nealcardwell, Neil Clancy, NewEnglandYankee,Newmanbe, NiTenIchiRyu, NickOrnstein, Nickname1at2at3school, NighTrekr, Night Gyr, Nightbolt, Nightscream, Nishkid64, Nlitement, Nocarlno, Nosebud, Nsaa, Nunh-huh, Nuttycoconut,Octavemirbeau, Okietexo, One Salient Oversight, Onevalefan, Onopearls, Oohotdog, Orangemarlin, Oreg, Originalname37, Orphan Wiki, Outriggr, OverlordQ, Ownage2214, Oxymoron83,PS2pcGAMER, Pablothegreat85, Parsecboy, Pathoschild, Pazuzu413, Pborten, Pennyjw, Perkowitz1, Phatcat68, Philip Cross, Philip Trueman, Phl3djo, Pictureuploader, Pizza Puzzle,PookeyMaster, Poopmaga, Populus, Possum, Postbagboy, PrestonH, Prodego, Prolog, Proofreader77, PsychoJosh, Pwnsor, Qoou.Anonimu, RJASE1, RL0919, Radon210, Ranma9617, Rdfox 76,Redspork02, Rev3rend, RexNL, Rfc1394, Rhyno's Favorite Brother, Riana, Rich Farmbrough, Richard Arthur Norton (1958- ), Ritchy, Rjwilmsi, Rkoking, Robdurbar, Robert Mercer, RockRNC,Rodhullandemu, Roomshappy, Rosswhite231, Roundelais, RoyBoy, Royalbroil, Rrburke, Rror, Ryguillian, SAlpsu, SGT141, Sabby123456789, Sacha515, Sam Korn, Sampo Torgo, Samsara,Sandahl, Sasquatch, Sbstnthewicked, SchfiftyThree, Scott Burley, Scottra, Scottybob, Seagull-pie, Seckenth, Securiger, Serpent-A, Sesshomaru, Shadowjams, Shaidar cuebiyar, Shannonlapere,Shanter, Sharkface217, Shell Kinney, Sherurcij, Shirtwaist, Shmokk, Shoeofdeath, Shoessss, ShortShadow, Shortdevil2656, Sillstaw, SimonHova, SimonMorgan, Sionus, Sirmarkusjnr,SkagitRiverQueen, SmartGuy, Smashed54, Snarkerella, Snowolf, Someguy1221, Someone else, Spasemunki, Spearhead, Spencer, SpencerThiel, SpencyB, Spliffy, Srushe, Sselbor, Stephenb,Stephoswalk, Steven Zhang, Stormie, Stu21202, Stuartyeates, Stygian-sulfur, Suffusion of Yellow, SuperHamster, Superbad 17, Supernova8610, Surf rock, Surreal1221, Susu the Puschel, Swaq,Swerdnaneb, Sword, Sylocat, Szhaider, TAnthony, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, TJ Spyke, TJRC, TL36, TPetracek, Tabletop, Talisar, Tangotango, Tcncv, TeaDrinker, Tempshill, Tesseran,Testbed, Tewfik, TexasAndroid, TexasDawg, ThatGuamGuy, The Giant Puffin, The Mystery Man, The Rambling Man, The Thing That Should Not Be, TheGerm, TheGreatUnsolved,Theannihilatordemon, Theblackplague, Themoodyblue, Theonecynic, Thesis4Eva, ThinkBlue, Thismightbezach, Thorpemel, Thrawn300, ThunderPower, Tide rolls, Times17, Timmypalgrave,Timothylord, Timwi, Tiptoety, Tjmayerinsf, Tmac68, Tom Voigt, Tongan1234, Tony1, Toumoku, Tpbradbury, Trapezius, Treybien, Tricky Victoria, Troylius, Trusilver, Turkeyphant, TwasNow, Ty13rhunt, Udar55, Ukexpat, Ultimadesigns, Ulyssesmsu, Useight, Usmc88, Uucp, Uvaphdman, Vardion, Verkhovensky, Versus22, Vicklover, Vince lombardi, Voiceofatlas, Vusys,WJBscribe, WNxCheEze, Wachholder0, WadeSimMiser, Walloon, Walton One, WarthogDemon, Washburnmav, Watson Ladd, Wayward, Weedmean, Weiwuweix, Welsh, Westerby23,Whedonite, Whiskey in the Jar, WhisperToMe, White Cat, WikiLeon, Wikitoddia, WikiuserNI, Wildhartlivie, Willking1979, Wilsonyork, Wizardman, Wjl2, Wonlove, Wowfreack, Writtenright,Wuz, Wwwwolf, Wyldstyle, XA-9, Xanzzibar, Xcentaur, Xeryus, Yadvir2, Yale2010, Yankspizza, Yboord028, Yintan, Yonatan, Z.E.R.O., ZX81, Zafiroblue05, Zaglabarg, Zdefector,Zenohockey, Zetawoof, Zobh, ZodiacN64, Zscout370, Zuckerzeit, Zuzzerack, 2071 ,יבצ לאינד anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Zodiac blog 2100x147.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zodiac_blog_2100x147.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: En tecknare i USA baserat påvittnesmålFile:Flag of the United States.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: User:Dbenbenn,User:Indolences, User:Jacobolus, User:Technion, User:Zscout370File:Zodiac-logo.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zodiac-logo.png  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Albedo-ukr, Gridge, Latics, 1 anonymous editsFile:Zodiac cipher.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zodiac_cipher.png  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Anastrophe. at en.wikipediaFile:Zodiac-logo crop.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zodiac-logo_crop.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: w:Zodiac KillerZodiac KillerFile:Zodiac Killer - first letter.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zodiac_Killer_-_first_letter.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: Coelacan, MissionInn.Jim, 3anonymous edits

LicenseCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unportedhttp:/ / creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3. 0/