ZNO NANOPARTICLES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ECOTOXICOLOGICALSTUDIES

Represent By:

ANKIT GROVER

MSc(h.s)2nd year

OVERVIEW:-

o Introductiono Experimental Sectiono Results and Discussiono Conclusion

Factor Prefix Symbolo 10-1 deci d

o 10-2 centi co 10-3 milli mo 10-6 micro µo 10-9 nano n o 10-12 pico po 10-15 femto f

Actually the nanoparticles are particles with sized between 100 and 1 nanometers

GOLD NANOPARTICLES

WHAT IS THE MEANING OF NANOPARTICLES?

ZINC OXIDE (ZNO)

Molecular formula ZnO

Molar mass 81.408 g/mol

Appearance White solid

Odor odorless

Density 5.606 g/cm3

Melting point1975 °C (decomposes)

Boiling point 2360 °C

Solubility in water0.16 mg/100 mL (30 °C)

Band gap 3.3 eV

Refractive index(nD) 2.0041

Two types of crystal of zno also exist’s due to diff. Extent of oxygen in it.

INTRODUCTION

o Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnO. ZnO is a white powder that is insoluble in water,

o In materials science, ZnO is a wide-bandgap semiconductor.

WHY WE CHOOSE ZNO NANOPARTICLES FOR ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES NOT ITS LARGE PARTICLE FORM?o Nanomaterials have different toxicity

profiles compared with larger particles because of their small size and also their high reactivity.

o When the particle size decreases, there is a tendency to increase the toxicity, even if the same material is relatively inert in bulk form (e.g., SiO2, carbon black, TiO2, ZnO).

o The nanoparticles, due to their nanoscale, shape, and consequently huge surface area, may interact more efficiently with biological systems, producing important toxicity.

o The toxicological impact of nanoparticles also depends also on the biological target used.

NANO PARTICLES SOLUTION

POWDER FORM ZnO

• The study of the physicochemical properties of ZnO nanoparticles prepared without and with protective agents such as tri n-octylphosphine oxide(TOPO) and brij-76 before and after contact with the culture media

• The study of the Eco toxic impact of these nanoparticles on anabaena flos-aquae and euglena gracilis photosynthetic microorganisms.

THE PRESENT WORK IS FOCUSED ON:

SYNTHESIS OF ZnO NANOPARTICLE

EXPERIMENTAL SECTION:

o ZnO nanoparticle synthesized in the diethylene glycol(DEG) medium by forced hydrolysis of zinc acetete. The general procedure involves addition of zinc acetate to 80ml of polyol and water to reach a final conc between 0.06 and 0.6 mol/lit.

o To control particle size and shape ,protective agents such as topo(tri-n-octylphosphine oxide) and brij 76 (polyoxyethylene stearyl ether) are used.

o Hydrolysis ratio was varied from 10 to 80

o All photosynthetic microorganism were selected should be able to fulfill two conditions:

1. They are able to synthesis some metallic nanoparticles by synthetic route.

2. They may alive for 3 months in the presence of these nanoparticles.

EUGLENA GRACILLICS ANABENA FLOS AQUAE

ECOTOXICITY OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES IS INVESTIGATE BY USING TWO BIOLOGICAL TARGET ‘S

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

TEM Micrographs shows that the size of ZnO nanoparticle is the variable function of:

The nature of the protective agent added during ZnO formation.

The hydrolysis ratio.

SPHERICAL SUBMICROMETER-SIZED NANOPARTICLES

(D=0.2 ( 0.05 ΜM),NANORODS OF ZnOCROWNMORPHOLOGY WERE

OBSERVED AT H=300

TEM MICROGRAPH FOR ZNO PREAPARED WITHOUT ADDITION OF PROTECTIVE AGENT :

IN Presence of TOPO:

SPHERICAL NANOPARTICLES WERE OBTAINED D=2.0 ( 0.4 NM)

NANORODS OF ZnO30<LENGTH<200

SPHERICAL PARTICLES WITH NARROW SIZE

TEM MICROGRAPH FOR ZNO PREAPARED WITH ADDITION OF PROTECTIVE AGENT

IN presence of Brij-76:

• Agglomerates were obtained by coalescence of spherical nanoparticles with size vary with H value.

TEM MICROGRAPH FOR ZNO PREAPARED WITH ADDITION OF PROTECTIVE AGENT

STRUCTURE AND SURFACE CHARGE OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES

• Before contact with microorganisms ,zeta potenial of ZnO NP’s with varying PH of medium was measured after 30 min of contact betweennps and PH solution. The zero point charge for ZnO nanoparti-cle was at PH 9. ZnO nanoparticle was suspended in buffer solution at PH 2,4,7,9 and 12 by addition of HCL and NaOH soln.

There is –ve Zeta Potential b/w PH 5 TO 9

STUDY OF POLYSACCHARIDE INTERACTIONS WITH THE ZNO NANOPARTICLES

o ZnO Nanopaticles adsorption on the calcium alginate microcapsules was microcapsules was estimated using EDS analysis same type of NP’s show different extent of adsorption with time function in different medium.

o More is the lyophilization,More is %wt adsorption

IN POLYOL

IN WATER

PHOTOSYNTHETIC MICROORGANISM DESCRIPTION AND CHARACTERIZATION

ANABAENA FLOS AQUAE EUGLENA GRACILLUS

It is kind of algae.it can eat food like animal and photosynthesize like plants do.

It is also called blue green bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis’.

ECOTOXICITY AND ANALYSIS OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES IN THE PRESENCE OF MICROORGANISMS.

Photosynthetic activities of (a) Anabaena flos-aquae and (b) Euglena gracilis after addition of ZnO nanoparticles. [Zn]=10-3 M.

After addition of ZnO, ZnO TOPO, and ZnO-Brij-76 nanoparticles (H = 10), a progressive decrease of photosynthetic activity was observed in the first 10 days for both microorganisms Anabaena flos-aquae, after 10 days of incubation, an increase of the photosynthetic activity was observed after contact with ZnO and ZnO-Brij-76 nanoparticles. On the other hand, the presence of ZnO-TOPO nanoparticles caused cellular death

TEM micrographs of Anabaena flos-aquae after contact with

(a)ZnO,

(b) ZnO-TOPO, and

(c) ZnO-Brij-76 nanoparticles.[Zn] =10-3 M.

TEM micrographs of Euglena gracilis after contact with

(a)ZnO,

(b) ZnO-TOPO, and

(c) ZnO-Brij-76 nanoparticles.

TIM Micrographs can be developed by using trypan blueDye which is a vital stain used to selectively color deadtissues or cells blue.

Dead cells are shown as adistinctive blue color under a photonic microscope

CONCLUSIONS

Now the Question is arise what the experiment want to ask???and why??o As dicussed earlier,this experiment shows that how

different size,conc.,Hydrolysi ratio effect on living system(microalgae’s) by intracting with them

o How the toxicity is the variable function of size pf nanoparticles.

o The nature of the biological system can strongly influence the ecotoxicological results of nanoparticles

• A better understanding and assessment of the toxicity and Eco toxicity of nanoparticles can SAVE ENVIORMENT

• Because of the environmental use of nanoparticles and their unintentional release, the exposure of algae, cyanobacteria, plants, and fungi to these new materials is a reality cause eco-toxicity

REFERENCES

1.Gerber. C.,Lang ,H.P.Nat,NANOTECHNOL,20062.Gujman ,K.A.D,.Taylor M .R.Banifield Environ .sci.Techanol 20063.Ji.S.L.Ye ,C.H.Jmater .Sci.Techonol 20084.Feldmann, C.Adv.Func.Mater 20035.Zhang,L,Jiang .Y.Ding.Y.,Povery , M ,.YORK ,D ,J Nanopart.RES 20076.Kumar C.S.S.R.,Ed Nanomaterial -toxicity and enviromental issues Wiley Weinhein 20067.Brayner . R .Ferrari –iliou R. Nanotoday 2008.

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