HAND GESTURE CONTROLLED WHEEL CHAIR

MEMBERS

FATHIMATH MUFEERA MAKISHA KRISHNAN NAVYA GANGADHARAN SUJITH KUMAR K S

FINAL YEAR ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGG. SADGURU SWAMI NITHYANDA INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY(SSNIT)KANHANGAD

INTRODUCTION

The Wheelchair is an important way of transfer for handicapped and aged people. Many researchers have been developing intelligent wheelchairs due to the increasing requirement of safer and more comfortable wheelchairs.

The aim behind the project is to be able to sense the movement of a patient’s hand and use it to control the movement of wheelchair

An accelerometer used for this. This would give us the acceleration sensed by the device in each axis. We use this data to find the change in movement of vehicle

It involves controlling the forward, backward, left and right movement by just the flick of your palm.

3-AXIS ACCELEROMETER MULTIPLEXER

ADCVISUAL INDICATIONS

MCUOBSTACLE SENSOR TRANSMITTER

GEARED MOTOR INTERFACE

OBSTACLE SENSOR RECEIVER-1

OBSTACLE SENSOR RECEIVER-2

GEARED MOTOR-1

GEARED MOTOR-2

WHEEL CHAIR

BLOCK DIAGRAM

BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

ACCELEROMETER Accelerometer can detect acceleration, inclination and

vibration by measuring motion in the x-,y- and z- axis simultaneously

Depending upon the relative motion of the hand it produces appropriate voltages.

These analog voltages will be converted to digital format for the processing purpose of the microcontroller.

MULTIPLEXER Multiplexer is a device that selects one of several analog or digital input

signals and forwards the selected input into a single line. They are mainly used to increase the amount of data that can be sent over the

network. It is used to multiplex the analog out put from accelerometer to out the

selected one.

ADC (ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER).o An analog-to-digital converter is a device that converts a continuous

quantity to a discrete digital number. An ADC is an electronic device that converts an input analog voltage to a

digital number proportional to the magnitude of the voltage or current.

MCU (MICROCONTROLLER UNIT)o MCU is the microcontroller unit, which controls all the functions

of other blocks explained here.o MCU takes or read data from the accelerometer and controls all

the functions of the whole system by manipulating these data

OBSTACLE SENSOR TRANSMITTERo IR based wireless communication technology is used here.o IR transmitter receiver pair is placed behind the wheel chair in

order to detect whether any object is present at the back side of the chair.

o For detecting obstacle we use IR reflection method. o The obstacle sensor transmitter emits IR radiation continuously.

OBSTACLE SENSOR RECEIVERo The IR receiver or sensor is placed at the back side of the wheel

chair for detecting the obstacle. It is directly interfaced with the MCU.

o IRED continuously emits IR radiation. o If any obstacle is present behind the wheelchair it strikes on it and

will reflect back, which is detected by IR receiver or sensor placed in the direction of reflecting radiation, is fed to the MCU.

MOTOR INTERFACE Motor driver circuit is required to provide an interface between the

5V logic signal from the microcontroller & the high current. The motor drive section should have the capability for accepting

the low level logical signal from the controller and to provide necessary voltage and current excitation to the motor.

DC GEARED MOTOR Motor is used to drive the wheel chair. The motor should have torque and rpm to meet the

requirement like move the wheel chair by carrying battery and circuit load.

But DC motors are always comes with high rpm 2000 to 3000, and with lesser torque. So usually geared DC motors are used.

A 12V motor is preferable because which can be easily connected to 12V battery.

VISUAL INDICATIONS Different colored LEDs are used here as the visual indicators. RED and GREEN LEDs are used here, if any obstacle is present

in the path of IR radiation RED LED becomes ON. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and are

increasingly used for lighting.

WORKING An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration, the

acceleration experienced relative to freefall.

Accelerometer will be connected to the hand.

Depending upon the relative motion of the hand gestures it produces appropriate voltages.

Analog voltages will be converted to digital format for the processing purpose of the microcontroller.

The accelerometer is connected to the MCU through a multiplexer and

an ADC.

The MCU is programmed in such a way that the data coming from the accelerometer controls the movement of wheel chair.

An obstacle detector is also interfaced in this system in order to detect whether any object is present at the back side of the chair.

For detecting obstacle we use IR reflection method. This we will transmit IR radiation to the obstacle. If any obstacle is present in the range of IR radiation it

will reflect back. Which is detected by IR receiver or sensor placed in the

direction of reflecting radiation. Output from the IR receiver is also fed to the MCU.

ADVANTAGES

Increased mobility

Increased Maneuverability

Increased Physical Support

Increase disabled peoples ability to live independently

Increase the number of disabled people in employment

DISADVANTAGE

The disadvantage faced by disabled people imposes significant economic and social costs

APPLICATIONS Health care centers

Old age home

Physically handicapped individuals

In industries

Sports

CONCLUSION

Our project is capable to control the wheelchair motion

for disabled people using hand gesture.

Improvements can be made by using various body gestures such as eye gaze, leg movement or head movement accordingly.

REFERENCE S. Fioretti, T. Leo, and S. Longhi - A Navigation System for

Increasing the Autonomy and the Security of Powered Wheelchairs, IEEE Transactions On Rehabilitation Engineering

ShilpaGulati, Benjamin Kuipers - “High Performance Control for Graceful Motion of an Intelligent Wheelchair”.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA).