Yutong Liu - Project - Cf-Al composites
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Transcript of Yutong Liu - Project - Cf-Al composites
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Advisor: Professor Gaohui Wu
Student: Yutong Liu
Mechanical Properties of C f/AlComposite under High
Temperature Conditions
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Page2
Background Fabrication Tests
Analysis Microstructure Conclusions
Content
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Page3
Background
Content
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Background
Metal Matrices Composites (MMCs) have a series advantages:
High Specific Strength High Modulus Ratio
High Thermal Conductivity High Electrical Conductivity
Low Thermal Expansion Coefficient
Excellent Irradiation Resistance
Good Thermal Endurance Anti-flammability
Non-hygroscopic Non Gas Effusion
MMCs have Broad Applications in High-Tech Fields:
Aerospace Aviation
Electronics Automobiles
Advanced Weapon Systems
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Page5
Background
Aircraft structure can reach 300℃@ 3 times
sound speed flight
High-speed flight → Aerodynamic heating &
surface friction → High temperature
Temperature influence to Cf/Al composites
mechanical properties
Theoretical basis for Cf/Al composites
application in Aerospace Field
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Fabrication
Content
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Fabrication of C f/Al Composite
Reinforcement: M40JB Carbon Fiber
Matrices: 6061Al & 5A06Al
Fiber Volume Fraction: 50%
Carbon
Fiber
Tensile Strength /
MPa
Elastic Modulus /
GPa
Elongation
Rate / %
Density /
g/cm3
M40J 4410 377 1.2 1.77
Alloy Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Zn Be Ti Al
5A06Al 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.5-0.8 5.8-6.8 0.2 0.001-0.005 0.02-0.1 Bal.
6061Al 1.26 0.36 0.43 0.22 0.75 <0.15 <0.05 Bal.
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Fabrication Method: Pressure Cast Method
Fabrication of C f/Al Composite
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Heat Treatment Process: Annealing Process
(330℃ / 0.5h + Furnace Cooling)
330℃/0.5h
Furnace Cooling
T/℃
t/h
Fabrication of C f/Al Composite
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Tests
Content
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Research Scheme & Experiment Equipment
Experimental Project Experiment Equipment
Metallographic Observation ZEISS-40MAT Optical Microscope
Density Test BP211D Analytical Balance
Three-Point Bending TestINSTRON-5569 Universal Electronic Tensile
Testing Machine
TEM Observation Philips CM-12 Transmission Electron Microscope
SEM Observation S-4700 Scanning Electron Microscope
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Density Test
Drainage Method:OH
OHair
air2
2
mm
m
Density / g/cm3 Cf Volume Fraction / %
Cf/6061Al 2.233 50.22
Cf/5A06Al 2.263 48.74
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Metallography Observation
a)
d)c)
b)
a) Cf/6061 Composite 0° b) Cf/6061 Composite 90°c) Cf/5A06 Composite 0° d) Cf/5A06 Composite 90°
1000 Times
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Three – Point Bending Test
Temperature:25℃,100℃,200℃,300℃,350℃,400℃,450℃,500℃Specimen Size:2×10×60mm 3 Specimen @ each TemperatureBending Span: l=40mm Indenter D: d=10mm Indenter V: 2mm/min
10
60
40
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Analysis
Content
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Mechanical Properties under Normal Temperature
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.400
100
200
300
400
500
600 L=40mm
V:2mm/min
R=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-室温-3
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
Three-Point Bending Test :(Specimen Size: 2×10×60mm)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.50
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
R=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-室温-3
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
Cf/6061 Composite a) 50 Times b) 500 Times
a)
d)c)
b)
Cf/5A06 Composite a) 50 Times b) 500 Times
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Composite Temperature Variation of BendingStrength -Deflection Curve
a) Cf /6061 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curveb) Cf /5A06 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curve
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
R=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-不同温度下三点弯曲曲线
室温
100℃
200℃
300℃
350℃
400℃
450℃
500℃
0 1 2 3 4 5 60
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
R=10mm
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-不同温度下三点弯曲曲线
室温
100℃
200℃
300℃
350℃
400℃
450℃
500℃
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Composite Temperature Variation of BendingStrength -Deflection Curve
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.350
100
200
300
400
500
弯曲应力:507.36MPa
弹性模量:169.51GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-室温-2
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.50
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
弯曲应力:1021.52MPa
弹性模量:147.19GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-室温-2
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.300
100
200
300
400
500
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
弯曲应力:466.87MPa
弹性模量:169.17GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-室100℃-8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.20
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:1046.29MPa
弹性模量:146.00GPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-100℃-8
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.350
100
200
300
400
500
600
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
弯曲应力:562.35MPa
弹性模量:178.03GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-200℃-11
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:1026.97MPa
弹性模量:133.72GPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-200℃-10
a) Cf /6061 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curveb) Cf /5A06 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curve
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Composite Temperature Variation of BendingStrength -Deflection Curve
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.400
100
200
300
400
500
600 弯曲应力:602.40MPa
弹性模量:163.05GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-300℃-13
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:686.77MPa
弹性模量:133.17GPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-300℃-14
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.80
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
挠度/mm抗
弯强
度/MPa L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:731.69MPa
弹性模量:125.36GPa
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-350℃-29
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:730.57MPa
弹性模量:723.60GPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-350℃-23
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.50
100
200
300
400
500
600
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
弯曲应力:555.59MPa
弹性模量:116.63GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-400℃-17
0 2 4 6 8 100
100
200
300
400
弯曲应力:406.97MPa
弹性模量:91.89GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-400℃-18
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
a) Cf /6061 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curveb) Cf /5A06 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curve
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Composite Temperature Variation of BendingStrength -Deflection Curve
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70
100
200
300
400
500
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:451.39MPa
弹性模量:112.70GPa
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-450℃-33
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
弯曲应力:354.70MPa
弹性模量:101.26GPa
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-450℃-25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
100
200
300
400
500
挠度/mm
抗弯
强度
/MPa 弯曲应力:500.30MPa
弹性模量:154.04GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-500℃-19
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
50
100
150
200
250
抗弯
强度
/MPa
挠度/mm
弯曲应力:214.53MPa
弹性模量:71.68GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-500℃-20
a) Cf /6061 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curveb) Cf /5A06 Temperature variation of Bending Strength-Deflection Curve
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Composite Elastic Modulus Variation withTemperature
a) Cf /6061 Elastic Modulus Variation with Temperatureb) Cf /5A06 Elastic Modulus Variation with Temperaturec) Relative Variation Trend of Elastic Modulus
0 100 200 300 400 5000
50
100
150
200
温度/℃
弹性
模量
/GPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-弹性模量-温度变 化曲线
0 100 200 300 400 5000
50
100
150
200
250
弹性
模量
/GPa
温度/℃
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-弹性模量-温度变 化曲线
0 100 200 300 400 500
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60M40JBC
f/6061Al和M40JBC
f/6061Al-三点弯曲-弹性模量相对变 化
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
温度/℃弹
性模
量相
对变
化/%
6061Al基体
LF6Al基体
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Composite Bending Strength Variation withTemperature
0 100 200 300 400 5000
50100150200250300350400450500550600650700750800
温度/℃
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲-抗弯强度-温度变 化曲线
0 100 200 300 400 5000
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
温度/℃
抗弯
强度
/MPa
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲-抗弯强度-温度变 化曲线
0 100 200 300 400 500
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
温度/℃
抗弯
强度
相对
变化
/%
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
M40JBCf/6061Al和M40JBC
f/6061Al-三点弯曲-抗弯强度相对变 化
6061Al基体
LF6Al基体
a) Cf /6061 Bending Strength Variation with Temperatureb) Cf /5A06 Bending Strength Variation with Temperaturec) Relative Variation Trend of Bending Strength
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Composite Bending Deflection Variation withTemperature
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2
4
6
8
10
12
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
挠度
/mm
温度/℃
M40JBCf/6061Al-三点弯曲挠度
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
L=40mm
V:2mm/min
D=10mm
挠度
/mm
温度/℃
M40JBCf/LF6Al-三点弯曲挠度
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
6061Al基体
LF6Al基体
弹性
模量
/mm
温度/℃
M40JBCf/6061Al和M40JBC
f/6061Al-三点弯曲-挠度变 化
a) Cf /6061 Bending Deflection Variation with Temperatureb) Cf /5A06 Bending Deflection Variation with Temperaturec) Relative Variation Trend of Bending Deflection
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Analysis
Interfaces decide composite strengthReinforcement -- Main force carrierMatrix -- Distribute strength in compositeInterfaces -- Transfer loads to reinforcement
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Analysis
Weak interfaceFailure under lower stressDifficult to transfer load to reinforcementPoor Mechanical properties
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Analysis
Strong interface
Cracks at interface extend easily
Interface adjust stress distribution poorly
Local stress concentration → low stress failure
Brittle Fracture no fibers extracted
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Analysis
Moderate Interface
Cracks at interface extend gentlely
Certain amount fibers extracted
Energy depleted in discombination of fibers and matrix
Best Mechanical Properties
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Microstructure
Content
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Fracture Morphology Observation
Cf/6061Al
100℃30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
200℃30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
300℃
350℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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400℃
450℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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500℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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100℃
200℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
Cf/5A06Al
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300℃
350℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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400℃
450℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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500℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
30 Times 500 Times 1000 Times
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Element Wt% At%
C K 31.21 50.21
O K 00.59 00.71
MgK 03.05 02.42
AlK 65.15 46.66
SiK 00.00 00.00
Fracture Morphology Observation
Filamentous Al appear on surface of CarbonFibers in Cf/5A06Al Under 400℃ Condition
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Element Wt% At%
C K 62.09 78.04
O K 01.89 01.78
MgK 00.45 00.28
AlK 35.57 19.90
SiK 00.00 00.00
500℃
Fracture Morphology Observation
Filamentous Al appear on surface of CarbonFibers in Cf/6061Al Under 500℃ Condition
No Filamentous Al appear on Cf surface inCf/6061Al Under 400℃ Condition
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TEM Microstructure Observation
TEM Microstructure of Cf/6061Al Composite Three-Point Bending TestSpecimen Under 300℃ Condition
a) Dislocations in Matrix
b) Interphase Precipitate Phase
c) Precipitate Phase Diffraction Spots
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TEM Microstructure Observation
TEM Microstructure of Cf/6061Al Composite Three-Point Bending TestSpecimen Under 500℃ Condition
a) Acicular Precipitate Phase
b) Matrix Diffraction Spots
c) Precipitate Phase Diffraction Spots
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TEM Microstructure Observation
TEM Microstructure of Cf/5A06Al Composite Three-Point Bending TestSpecimen Under 300℃ Condition
a) Dislocations in Matrix
b) c) Interphase Precipitate Phase
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Conclusions
Content
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Conclusions
Bending Strength Elastic Modulus Bending Deflection Interface
Cf/6061 771MPa300℃ 178GPa
300℃ 20×Room T Deflect500℃ Strong
Interface
Cf/5A06 1207MPa100/200℃ 240GPa
350℃ 6×Room T Deflect500℃ Moderate
Interface
25℃ 300℃ 500℃Cf/6061 Much Brittle Phase Al4C3 Less Brittle Phase Al4C3 Al Matrix soften Al2O3
Cf/5A06 No Brittle Phase Al4C3 Brittle Phase Al58Mg42 Al Matrix soften Al2O3
Critical Values
Phase @ Interface
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Conclusions
Temperature Variations of Mechanical Properties are thesame -- increase first and then decrease
Cf/6061Al Temperature Variation lags behind Cf/5A06Al
Cf/5A06Al has better Mechanical properties in general &fits high temperature condition better
Recommend Cf/5A06Al to applications in AerospaceEngineering & Advanced Weapon Systems
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Thank you!