Your Friend, the Periodic Table What it is, how it works, and how to use it.
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Transcript of Your Friend, the Periodic Table What it is, how it works, and how to use it.
Your Friend, the Your Friend, the Periodic TablePeriodic Table
What it is, how it works, and how to use it.
The Modern Periodic Table
Early Periodic Table Developers
• Dobrereiner
• Newlands
• Mendeleev- father of the modern periodic table.
Mendeleev’s Table
Organization- Periods Groups or Families
Group/Family Names• Alkali metals- first family
• Alkaline Earth- second family
• Transition metals-columns in middle over to stair case
• Halogens
• Noble gases
• Actinide and Lanthanide rows
General Characteristics
• Metals- left of stair case, positive charge, ionic bonding.
• Nonmetals- right of stairs, negative or slightly positive charge, covalent bonding.
• Semimetals/Metalloids- on the stairs, like metals and nonmetals.
• Electron configuration- s, p, d, f
Periodic Trends• Radius- decreases going left to right.
Increases going down.• Electronegativity- (desire for electrons),
increases left to right, decreases going down.• Ionization energy- (the energy needed to
remove the outer electron) increases left to right decreases going down.
Information on the Periodic Table
• General Characteristics• Atomic Number (protons)• Average Atomic Mass (protons + neutrons)• Oxidation Number (charge(s))• Melting and Boiling Points• Electron Configuration• State- solid, liquid, aqueous, gas• Radioactive, synthetic
Periodic Trends• When moving left to right, add a proton.• Moving top to bottom, add an electron shell. • Oxidation numbers (charges) above families.• Electronegativity increases left to right, decreases
going down. • Ionization Energy increases left to right, decreases
going down. • Radius decreases left to right
and increases going down.
Pop Quiz
• Hot or Not?:
Using the Periodic Table?
Answer
•Using the Periodic Table is definitely HOT!
Question
• Hot or Not?:
• Memorizing the Periodic Table
Answer
• Memorizing information on the Table, aside from the symbols, is NOT!
Question
• Hot or Not?:
• Knowing general Periodic Trends
Answer
• Knowing general trends helps you use the Table and is definitely HOT!
Question
• Hot or Not?:
• Performance-enhancing substances
Answer
• Chemical enhancers are definitely NOT,
except for sugar and caffeine!
The End