Sam Diomede, M.Ed. LeAnn Krosnick, M.Ed. Sam Diomede, M.Ed. LeAnn Krosnick, M.Ed.
You Could Make a Book About That. Author, Illustrator, and publisher: Sharon Kruger, M.Ed. Region 5...
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Transcript of You Could Make a Book About That. Author, Illustrator, and publisher: Sharon Kruger, M.Ed. Region 5...
You Could Make a Book About That
You Could Make a Book About That
Author, Illustrator, and publisher:Sharon Kruger, M.Ed.Region 5 ESC, School Readiness Integration Program [email protected]
You Could Make a Book About That
All information is on the following wikispace:
Young-authors.wikispaces.com
Welcome!!Our Agenda for today:
Intro
Stages of Writing
MOM
Modeled Writing
Shared Writing
Interactive Writing
Making Books
Opportunities
Journal Writing
Centers
Making Books
4
Agenda, con’t.
Materials
Letter walls
Quality Literature
Charts
Names
Class books
Writing center with stapled paper for books and writing implements
5
Ground Rules
• Take care of yourself.
• Be part of the professional learning community.
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Get 6 pieces of paper and a pen for each person at your table. Get a stapler for your table group.
Independently and individually, write a book .
You have 5 minutes to finish your book.
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Texas Prekindergarten Curriculum Guidelines (TEA)
Ray, Katie Wood and Matt Glover. 2008. Already Ready: Nurturing Writers in Preschool and Kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Resources
Glover, M. (2009). Engaging young writers: preschool-grade 1. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Texas Prekindergarten Guidelines
• IV.A.1. Child intentionally uses scribbles/writing to convey meaning.
• IV.B.1 Child independently uses letters or symbols to make words or parts of words.
11
Texas Prekindergarten Guidelines
• IV.B.2 Child writes own name (first name or frequent nickname), not necessarily with full correct spelling or well formed letters.
• IV.C.1 Child independently writes some letters on request (not necessarily well-formed.)
• IV.d.1 Child uses some appropriate writing conventions when writing or giving dictation.
12
Head Start Outcomes
• Experiments with a growing variety of writing tools and materials, such as pencils, crayons, and computers.
• Progresses from using scribbles, shapes, or pictures to represent ideas, to using letter-like symbols, to copying or writing familiar words such as their own name.
13
Head Start Outcomes
• Develops understanding that writing is a way of communicating for a variety of purposes.
• Begins to represent stories and experiences through pictures, dictation, and in play.
14
Head Start Outcomes
• Develops growing strength, dexterity and control needed to use tools such as scissors, paper punch, stapler, and hammer.
• Progresses in abilities to use writing, drawing, and art tools including pencils, markers, chalk, paintbrushes, and various types of technology.
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KNEE TO KNEEDo you view yourself as a writer?
What is your greatest success as a writer?
What would you like to write a book about?
What are your earliest experiences as a writer?
What conditions help young writers successfully enter into the writing process?
17
Writing in our World
Get 5 index cards for each person.
Tell your neighbor about the times you use writing in your life.
List one example on each card.
Share with the other participants at your table.
18
Writing in our World
On a small post it note, write down 5 things that young children do during their day that would assist them in being competent writers.
Share these with your neighbor, add ideas you didn’t have to your list.
19
STAND UP
20
Writing in our World
Share these ideas with 4 other
people.
21
Writing in our World
Who can add to the
following list?
What Do Young Children Do?
Listen to stories and conversations.
22
What Do Young Children Do?
Talk to adults and to other children in complex sentences.
23
What Do Young Children Do?
Master many rules of grammar.
24
What Do Young Children Do?
Make up silly words and stories.
25
What Do Young Children Do?
Use language to think, to share ideas and feelings, and to learn new things.
26
Enjoy the same books over and over and look at new books.
27
What Do Young Children Do?
Retell familiar stories to themselves and others.
28
What Do Young Children Do?
Think about what the characters in a book might feel or do.
29
What Do Young Children Do?
Draw and write with pencils, crayons, and markers.
30
What Do Young Children Do?
See print around them and watch adults read and write.
31
What Do Young Children Do?
Imitate adult writing by scribble writing.
32
What Do Young Children Do?
Copy shapes and letters.
America Reads Challenge: Ready*Set*Read for Families, April, 1997.
www.ed.gov/Family/RSRfor Family/preschol.html
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What Do Young Children Do?
34
Writing In our World
Do you have anything on your list that wasn’t mentioned by America Reads Challenge?
Draw and Scribble “Children who are encouraged to draw and scribble
‘stories’ at an early age will later learn to compose more easily, more effectively, and with greater confidence than children who do not have this encouragement.”
This finding is based on research literature reported by the U.S. Department of Education (What Works: Research about Teaching and Learning, second edition, 1987).
35
Draw and Scribble “Children who are encouraged to draw and scribble
‘stories’ at an early age will later learn to compose more easily, more effectively, and with greater confidence than children who do not have this encouragement.”
This finding is based on research literature reported by the U.S. Department of Education (What Works: Research about Teaching and Learning, second edition, 1987).
36
37
MEMORY TEST
What are the emergent writing stages of writing?
Clue: It begins with scribbling.
Stages of Writing
38
Scribble Stage
What it means. . .
The scribbles are lines and circles that appear to be random and have no starting place.
39
Scribble Stage
What it means. . .
May have meaning but often are the result of experimenting with making marks.
40
What it means. . .
Even toddlers who can hardly hold a pencil or crayon are eager to “write” long before they acquire the necessary skills. 41
42
Separated Scribbles
What it means. . . Scribbles are
separate as child moves pencil from point to point.
43
Separated Scribbles
What it means. . . Much like other small motor development, the child is learning control.
44
What it means. . .
These have meaning to the child.
45
What it means. . . Help them develop language skills.
46
47
Left to Right Scribbles
Scribble/Mock Writing
What it means. . .
Child is noticing print and the formation of letters. 48
Left to Right Scribbles
Scribbled/Mock Writing
What it means. . . Has several concepts in place—left to right, lines, spaces.
49
What it means. . . In order to encourage a
child’s ability to write a book independently, avoid asking what the scribbles are.
Instead encourage the child’s “writing” and ask them to tell you about their picture.
50
51
First Letters
Transition Stage
What it means. . .
These first letters may occur by accident. The child sees the letter or another child or adult comments.
52
First Letters
Transition Stage
What it means. . .
They will write their name or the names of people who are important to them.
53
What do we do?
Focus on the intended meaning not the appearance of the writing.
54
What do we do?
Respond positively to the ideas they are trying to express.
55
What do we do?
Respect their writing.
56
57
Strings of Letters
58Strings of letters
59
Beginning Sounds Emerge
What it means. . . Child has been surrounded by print.
60
What it means. . . The letters have meaning and the child will be able to tell a “story”.
61
Strings of Letters
What it means. . . Children
develop confidence in writing as they participate in real writing experiences.
62
What it means. . . Children develop
confidence in writing as they participate in real writing experiences.
63
What do we do. . . Encourage
them to write, by providing materials and let them write.
64
What do we do? •Help with first letter, matching sounds, etc.
•Encourage any approximations.
65
66Copies Print
67Conventional Print
What it means. . . Child copies the print they see around them.
68
Copies Print
Conventional Print
What it means. . . Child begins to write words they know and takes an interest in spelling.
69
70Consonants Represent Words
Writing “sentences”
71Initial, Middle, and Final Sounds
Writing “sentences”
One child’s development
in writing.72
73Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 19, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/18_months.html
74Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/age_3.html
75http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/age_4.html
76Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/kindergarten.html
77Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/first_grader.html
78
Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/third_grader.html
Take a look
• Look through the samples on your tables.
• Talk about them with the other participants.
• What do you see? What stage of writing is this?
79
80
Drawing as RepresentationRequires children’s presence
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
81
Scribble WritingMarkings are linear and have directionality
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
82
Mock LettersAlmost letters, but not quite
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
83
Random Strings of LettersPropelled by use of letters in their names
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
84
Invented Spelling: “Car”Sometimes begin using single letters to represent whole words
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
85
Invented Spelling: “Macaroni and Cheese”Through time use sophisticated spellings—unconventional, but show a rich knowledge base of letter-sound relationships, visual memory, meanings, and word lengths.
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
86
87
Let’s write books.Let’s write books.
Ask one person at your table group to get 6 pieces of paper for each person, a stapler, and markers.
Draw a slip of paper to indicate what type of writer you will be.
88
Let’s write books.Let’s write books.
List qualities English teachers look for in books.
Did the book you wrote meet any of these qualities?
89
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Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
91
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
92
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
93
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
94
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
95Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
96
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
97Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p.3)
Page One: Flamingo by Sean
98Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p.3)
Page Two: Flamingo is looking for food.
99Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 3)
Page Three: And then he screamed out, “ Watch out termites! I’m going to eat you!”
100Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 3)
Page Four: And then he got a big round stomach.
101
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 3)
Page Five: And then he spitted them out.
102Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 3)
Page Six: And then he was his size again.
103Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 3)
Page Seven: The end.
Do you believe that Sean is a writer?
Why or why not?
104
105
True or False
Sean is four years old and Sean is a “travel agent”.
What did the teacher do to encourage this Sean to use writing?
106
Sean is four years old and Sean is a writer and illustrator.
How is the teacher providing opportunities for writing and illustrating books?
107
STAND UP
Point to the person at the table the longest hair.
That person take a pencil and spin it around in the middle of the table.
Whoever the pencil point points to is the leader.
108
Make a list of your favorite things you like about a four or three year old brain.
109
Have the leader pick a “go-fer” for your group.
The “go-fer” gets a 8 ½ by 11 “ piece of white paper and a marker for each participant.
Each participant writes one item from the list that is their favorite. Write big enough and clear enough so it can be seen from across the room.
110
I ESPECIALY LIKE THREE AND FOUR YEAR OLD BRAINS BECAUSE. . . .
111
1. What are the teaching implications of thinking that Sean is a writer and that Sean is four year old?
2. What if the teacher put more emphasis on the fact that Sean is four years old and cannot make the correct letter formations and therefore does not encourage Sean to write books?
3. What if the teacher pushes Sean to hard to make books and then forgets that Sean is what is developmentally appropriate for a four year old?
4. What if Sean doesn’t speak much English? Does that mean Sean cannot be a writer and illustrator?
5. What if Sean has special needs? Does that limit Sean’s ability to write and illustrate a book?
112
In a classroom that supports young children to see themselves as writers, the children are:
•writing• using writing to make picture books•going through a process to make their books
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p. 12)
113
In a classroom that supports young children to see themselves as writers, the children are:
•using their understandings about kinds of writing in the world and available text structures to craft their texts
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p. 12)
114
In a classroom that supports young children to see themselves as writers, the children are:
•writing and illustrating their books for stretches of time•building their stamina for the act of writing
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p. 12)
115
•seeing their books become lasting artifacts in the room•having teachers who are comfortable with all their approximations reading their booksRay, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
In a classroom that supports young children to see themselves as writers, the children are:
(p. 12)
116
•having teachers who value their writing•support their development as writers
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
In a classroom that supports young children to see themselves as writers, the children are:
(p. 12)
117
Functional writing is used to accomplish a project
Make a list of projects that you accomplish with functional writing.
118
Sign Made for the Block Area: “Please don’t knock over the blocks.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p.25)
119
List of food needed for pretend zoo animals
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 25)
This is a book list that Jeffery made about his dog.
If Jeffery only did functional writing would he “feel” like a writer? 120
COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
How is it different from functional writing to use writing to create something? For instance, create a story, or a poem or a play.
121
122
“Snow White and her music.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 31)
123
“Snow White drank her lemonade.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
124
“Snow White danced and spun around.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
125
“Snow White saw the seven dwarves and they all danced together.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
126Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and
kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING
VSPRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL
WRITING
Which one is more important?
Which one requires correct letter formation?
127
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING
VSPRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL
WRITING
Which one will allow a child to obtain a strong identity as a writer?
Which one will allow a child to write and illustrate a book?
128
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING VS
PRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
Which one will encourage a child to think about what he is putting on the page that will add meaning to his book (or creation)?
Which one will teach a child how to organize his thoughts to create a story?
129
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING VS
PRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
Which one uses fine motor skills of transcription to capture all their thinking on a page of paper?
Which one encourage a child to think about word choice to use in delivering the meaning of their message? 130
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING VS
PRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
Why should a teacher make the instructional decision to engage children in the thinking process of compositional writing before they have mastered the skills of letter formation and spelling (transcription)? 131
TRUE OR FALSE
Three and four year old brains are capable of doing the thinking work of composition before they know how to transcribe it!!!
132
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING VS
PRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
Which is more important?
Challenge: Which do teachers spend more time with?
133
PRESCHOOL FUNCTIONAL WRITING VS
PRESCHOOL COMPOSITIONAL WRITING
Which skill is nurtured when you have children make picture books?
134
135
136
Familiar
Expand Avenues for Meaning Making (using art and writing to learn about communication and composition)
Why Make Picture Books?
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 31)
137
Forces the Issue of Composition
Helps Children Read Like Writers
Why Make Picture Books?
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 31)
138
Builds Stamina
Is Fun
Why Make Picture Books?
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 31)
139
A Book With No Real Focus
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
140
Volcano”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book With No Real Focus
141
“Boat”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book With No Real Focus
142
“Tent”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book With No Real Focus
143
“This is me and my grandma and Clifford.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
144
“This is my mom.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
145
“This is me and my grandma and Clifford.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
146
“This is my mom.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
147
“This is me and my grandma and Clifford.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
148
“This is my mom.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
149
“This is my mom in a bathing suit when she was little.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
150
“Rocketship.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
151
“A House. Clifford.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
152
“Dad, Anna, Clifford, Mom.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That Loses Focus Along The Way
153
A Book That is Less Representational, But More Focused
“This is my baby brother.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
154
“My brother is crying.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That is Less Representational, But More Focused
155
“Then he was happy.”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
A Book That is Less Representational, But More Focused
156
ELEPHANT/PALM TREE/MONKEY
157
1. Draw an oval muzzle. Make a bump on top for the head. Add an oval body.
2. Make a round ear on each side of the head.
3. Make a dark triangle in the top of the muzzle. Add two curved legs to the body.
4. Put two round eyes on the monkey’s head. Add a curve smile under his muzzle. Draw two long curved arms.
1. Draw a large egg-shaped body. Make an ear by drawing half an oval on the side of the egg shape.
2. Add a head and trunk to the body.
3. Draw one eye and two sharp tusks on the head. Add smile lines around one tusk.
4. Put a tail on your elephant. Add two stubby legs.
166
Let’s write books.Let’s write books.
Get 6 pieces of paper and staple them together to make a book.
Write a book as your character on the slip of paper would write it..
3 year old girl3 year old boy4 year old girl4 year old boy5 year old girl5 year old boy
167
Let’s write books.Let’s write books.
Are there any differences between this book and the first two you wrote?
168
After a child tells a story about something that happened outside of school
After children act out a story in dramatic play
How To Invite Children to Make Books?
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
169
After classroom activities that spur interest and conversation
After a child shows expertise in an area (to teach)
After a child makes or builds something (how to)
How To Invite Children to Make Books?
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
170
Children choose to write.
Children are encouraged to write both during their play and exploration.
What an observer will see in classrooms where young children get lots of teacher support for their writing development:
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
171
Children learn about writing from social interactions and the demonstrations of their peers.
What an observer will see in classrooms where young children get lots of teacher support for their writing development:
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
172
Children learn about writing from the demonstrations of their teachers.
Children can benefit from an expanded definition of reading.
What an observer will see in classrooms where young children get lots of teacher support for their writing development:
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
What can students learn?
• Brainstorm all the things that children learn from this strategy.
173
SIDE BY SIDE TEACHING
Column 1. What are the kinds of things teachers say and do as they sit beside young children who are making books?
Column 2. How do teachers make time for side-by –side teaching?
Column 3. What is the difference between nudging children and pushing them?
Column 4. How does a teacher help a child believe in their own abilities as a writer?
174Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 161)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
“What is your book about?” is one of the most important questions that a teacher asks as they interact with young writers.If a child has something on paper and doesn’t know how to talk about it, you might name what you see: “It looks like you’ve drawn a big sun there.”
175Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 162)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
“If you don’t have an idea of what it might represent, you might say, “My, it’s very purple and has lines swirling all around” This may lead the child to say, “Yes, it’s my necklace”.
176Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 163)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
Sometimes the child tells you want is represented on each page, but the topic changes and the book is not really about any one thing. You might find a common link between ideas and naming it for the child. For example, if page one has a bicycle, page two an ice cream cone, page three a baby sister and page four a butterfly, you might ask, “Are these all things that you like?”
177Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 163)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
You are not asking for writing that is right. You want the child to use whatever thinking he has about what writing is and what writing does to use it in books.
178Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 164)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
If a child is making letter strings or random letter formations, to add writing you might say: “Do you think you can add some writing to this page?” This is best said after some talk about what is representative in the drawing.
179Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 164)
SIDE-BY-SIDE TEACHING
Remind the child that the book you use during read aloud has pictures and writings.If adding writing is new to the child and she is tentative about it, you might suggest to add writing to just the cover or one or two pages rather than to the whole book.Observation is critical to knowing how much to nudge or push.
180Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. (p. 164)
What can students learn?
• Brainstorm all the things that children learn from this strategy.
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MO
M
Modeling
Opportunities
Materials
Modeling• Modeled Writing
• Shared Writing
• Interactive Writing
• Creating Young Authors
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Modeled Writing
• Teacher decides what to write and writes.
• Thinks aloud her process.
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What to Model
• Morning Message
• Schedules
• Notes
• Cards
• Any writing
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Shared Writing
The key ingredient for SHARED WRITING is to have an experience to share.
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Something fun to write about
YouTube - Mentos Volcano Video. (n.d.). YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=m_WcCWA5BYk&feature=related
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Mentos Geyser Chamber
Shared Writing
• Make a Volcano– Have a 2 liter bottle of coke
– Add a tube for applying the mentos
– Add the mentos
– It explodes
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Types of Shared Writing
• Daily News
• Morning Message
• Lists
• Response to Literature
• Letter writing
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Daily News
• One or two students dictate.
• Teacher writes and talks about the formation of letters, etc.
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Morning Message
• Teacher writes about events of the day or the day before.
• Can be with or without student input.
• Teacher models writing process and think aloud while writing.
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What do you use for morning message?
Typical preschool teacher
Interactive Writing
• Students and teacher share the pen and write together.
• Teacher thinks aloud about what is being written.
• Teacher stresses concepts about print, letter-sound relationship, etc.
• Child writes specific letters or words.
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What can they learn?
• Brainstorm what children learn through interactive writing.
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Lists
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“Words You Know” page:Slider, Leg Waiter, Ocean Swimmer”
Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
Lists
201Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
202Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
203Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
204Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
205Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
206Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
207Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Lists
208Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.69)
Response to Literature
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Response to Literature
210Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.18)
Response to Literature
211Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.18)
Response to Literature
212Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.18)
Response to Literature
213Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.18)
Response to Literature
214Ray, K. W., & Glover, M. (2008). Already ready: nurturing writers in preschool and kindergarten. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann (p.18)
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Opportunities• Independent Writing
– Journals– Writer’s Workshop
• Centers• Class Books• Daily
– Morning Message/Daily News– Interactive Writing– Writer’s Workshop
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How Often?
Writing taught once or twice a week is just frequent enough to remind students that they can’t write and teachers that they can’t teach.
Donald Graves 1983
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JOURNALS
Let’s look at these journal pages again.
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219Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 19, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/18_months.html
220Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/age_3.html
221http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/age_4.html
222Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/kindergarten.html
223Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/first_grader.html
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Reading and Language . Parents. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from
http://www.pbs.org/parents/readinglanguage/writing/third_grader.html
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How do you use daily journal writing? Typical preschool teacher
Centers
• “A language-rich classroom offers a wealth of opportunities for both oral and written expression.”
– Writing in Preschool. – Judith Schickedanz and Renee Casbergue
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Writing Center
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Lots of writing materialsInvitingIdeasWords or pictures
Writing in other Centers
• Each group will be assigned a center.
• Think of at least 5 ways to incorporate writing into that center.
• Make a poster with those 5 ways.
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Pretend and Learn
• Other than Home Center
• Places that involve literacy– Restaurant
– Bakery
– Doctor’s Office
– School
– Post Office
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Dexterity
• Prek students are still developing small muscle control.
• Things to do: – Plastic coins to drop into a piggy bank. – String beads, cereal, macaroni– Lacing cards– Pick up small things with oversize tweezers– Eyedroppers– Name some others?
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Formation of letters
• Think about strokes involved.– Vertical lines
– Horizontal lines
– Squares
– Circles
– Diagonals
– Arches
– Dips
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Class Books
• Make lots of class books
• Keep them simple
• Some ideas– Rewrite Fairy Tales
– Predictable books like Brown Bear
– ABC books
– Theme books—animals, foods, etc.
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Materials
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What Goes in the Writing Center? • Each group will be given a category.
• Brainstorm things that belong in that category.
• Find the other group with your category.
• Make one list and post.
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Other considerations
• Charts
• Names
• Books
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Prek Guidelines
• IV.A.1. Child intentionally uses scribbles/writing to convey meaning.
• IV.B.1 Child independently uses letters or symbols to make words or parts of words.
• IV.B.2 Child writes own name (first name or frequent nickname), not necessarily with full correct spelling or well formed letters.
• IV.C.1 Child independently writes some letters on request (not necessarily well-formed.)
• IV.d.1 Child uses some appropriate writing conventions when writing or giving dictation.
•
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Head Start Outcomes
• Develops understanding that writing is a way of communicating for a variety of purposes.
• Begins to represent stories and experiences through pictures, dictation, and in play.
• Experiments with a growing variety of writing tools and materials, such as pencils, crayons, and computers.
• Progresses from using scribbles, shapes, or pictures to represent ideas, to using letter-like symbols, to copying or writing familiar words such as their own name.
• Develops growing strength, dexterity and control needed to use tools such as scissors, paper punch, stapler, and hammer.
• Progresses in abilities to use writing, drawing, and art tools including pencils, markers, chalk, paintbrushes, and various types of technology.
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At your table groups, it is A MINUTE TO WIN IT
In one minute, write down a list of all the things we have covered today.
The team with the most original statements is the winner.
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Confident, competent readers and writers.
Children who are secure and confident and can express their feelings, thoughts and ideas about the world around them.
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