[email protected]...

1998. ��/� 1

��

��

[email protected]

02-300-0124

1998. ��/� 2

��

• IEEE802.3 CSMA/CD– 10Mbps

– 100Mbps

– 1Gbps

– 10Gbps (�� HSSG)

• IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN– 1/2Mbps

– 11Mbps

• IEEE802.14 CATV LAN

• IEEE802.15 Wireless Personal Area Network(WPAN)– 1~2Mbps

• IEEE802.16 Broadband Wireless Access(BWA)– 155Mbps

1998. ��/� 3

��

• No Multiple Access

• No Carrier Sense

• No Collision Detection

• No Retransmission

• Point-to-Point Only

• Full-duplex

• Ethernet �� .

��/� 4

��

1998. ��/� 5

Minimum frame size(minFrameSize)

DTE DTE

(b)

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

DTE DTE

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��too short frame

(a)

• 512bit (=64bytes) =slot time

1998. ��/� 6

��

AUI

PHYSICAL MEDIUM ATTATCHMENT(PMA)

coax MDI

LLC

NETWORK LAYER

TRANSPORT LAYER

SESSION LAYER

PRESENTATION LAYER

APPLICATION LAYER

PHYSICAL LAYER

HIGHER LAYERS

MDI=Medium dependent interface; CDT=Collision Detect; CRS=Carrier sense; CLSN=Collision;CDS=Carrier Detect Signal

MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROLLER

PHYSICAL LAYER SIGNALING(PLS)

TXD TXCLK RXCLK RXDCRSCDT

TRMT+/-

RCV+/-CLSN+/-

TP-MDI

MEDIUM

RXI/TXOGND TXO+/- RXI+/-

SEND RECEIVE

ERRORREPORT

CDS

sharedmemory

MAC driver

ERRORREPORT

RECEIVEINTERRUPT

MA

C

DATA LINK LAYER

SEND

PLS(physical layer signaling)AUI(attatchment unit interface)PMA(physical medium attatchment)MDI(medium dependent interface)

NDIS driver

MAC controller

PLS : Manchester coding

PMA: Transceiver (D/D, D/A)

1998. ��/� 7

��

• MAC�– frame�� : Preamble�� FCS�� (driver+H/W)

– SFD ��,FCS�

– CSMA/CD � �

• MAC controller �– NS 8390 (3c503 card)

– AMD 7990

– Intel 82586

– DEC 2114x(100Base-TX)

– Intel 82557(100Base-TX)

– Seeq8100 (1000Base-X)

– VNS67501(1000Base-X)

– LG

– SamsungPMA(8392 Transceiver )

Manchester codeAUI

PLS(8391SNI)

MAC CONTROLLER(8390 NIC)

system bus

local RX/TX buffer

MAC DRIVER

Higher layers

CARRIERSENSE(CRS)

COLLISIONDETECT

(COL)

RXCLOCK

TXCLOCK

INTERRUPT

demux

IP IPXIDPARP

MAINMEMORY

LAN��

TXD(nrz)

RXD(nrz)

1998. ��/� 8

��

• 20Mbaud Manchesterencoding/decoding

• TX clock(TXC)� RX clock(RXC)��. : 10MHz

• Loopback : MAC� ��

• NS 8391 Serial network interface(SNI)

PLS

10Mbps NRZ data code

20Mbaud Manchester code

10MHzTXC/RXC

1998. ��/� 9

��

• ��

• AMD 7996

• NS DP8392

• Intel 82052

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

Collision Detector

Jabber Control

RX data(RCV+/-)(Manchester code)

TX data(TRMT+/-)(Manchester code)

Collision detectsignal (CLSN+/-)(10MHz)

DC Power(12V)

MAULEDs

AUI cable

DC/DC converter12V-to-9V

PLS

MAC

PMA chip

RXI

TXO

CDS

GND

SQE TEST SIGNALGENERATOR

TRA

NS

FOR

ME

R

1998. ��/� 10

��

1 0 1 1 0

1V/100ns0V

0V

-2V

-2V

receive output of PMD

A typical 10Mbps signal seen at far end coax cable

<��> PMA�� . Cable� � ��

�� Ground !� shiled� "#�$, + !� core� "#�� %&� '('� �

)*. �+ ,)-�� . /0 DC�12 -1V3 45 � 0V6 - 2V783 9

:;*.

1998. ��/� 11

�� !�"#��$

• IEEE802.3c

• ��

• �� Preamble�� !, Manchesterdecoding/encoding "#.

• $%&�' ��() �* +�!, jam,- &�.

• !./ ��0 !1.

1998. ��/� 12

��"��%��%�&$

HUB

DTE 1 DTE n

1 2 3 6 1 2 3 6

jam

jam

jam signal��

��/� 13

��

1998. ��/� 14

100Mbps �

• ��

• DTE hub 100m UTP �� STP ��

• UTP� 2~4 pair ��

• 100Mbits/s

• automatic negotiation��

• ��

1998. ��/� 15

��'��

UTP Cat.3��

Two Pair��

10Mbps Manchester ��

UTP Cat.3/5��

2/3/4 Pair100Mbps4B5B, 8B6T, 5B6B ��

•100Base-T4 : � �� 3 � UTP�� •100BaseVG : �� 4� UTP�� •100Base-X : � � � � 1� �� .

1998. ��/� 16

100Base-T� 10Base-T� ��

parameters 10Mbps 100Mbps

bit time 100ns 10nsslottime 512bit times 512bit times

interFrameGap 9.6us 0.96usattemptLimit 16 16backoffLimit 10 10

jamSize 32bits 32bitsmaxFrameSize 1518(preamble/SFD ��,

FCS ��)1518

minFrameSize 64bytes 64bytesMAC addressSize(DA) 6bytes 6bytes

0 10Mbps

10Base-T

0 100Mbps

100Base-T��

1998. ��/� 17

100Base-T� ��

��

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��

��

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�� !"�

�"��!"�

��!�

�"��!�

��!�

�� !�"�#��$�$�#��%��$��%�&��'��'�"��'��"��$��

�� #��$��'��'�� #��$��'��'�"��'��

��'��'�"��'�� (!� �#��$��'��%��$�#�)

�##

�#

*+,�� *+,��$��%$

*++,��- *++,��. *++,��.*+,��

MAC : �� CSMA/CD�� .PCS:�� link coding�� PMD : Physical medium dependent(O/E, E/E)

1998. ��/� 18

��

medium

PMA

PLS/PCS

MACMAC frame ��, CSMA/CD ��

(SFD� �� )

Manchester encoding/decoding�/��

8B6T(�� 4B/5B)��encoding/decoding

�/�� Collision Detection

Collision Detection��/ !

"�#$ isolation

��/ !"�#$ isolation

nibble%& ��

10Mbps 100Mbps

bit%& ��

PMD:o/e ��

1998. ��/� 19

��

!4�� CSMA/CD �� emulation•�� !�"�#��$ �%&'��(�)*+•,��-./��#0�(�)*�12��330�4'�567��"�#��$ �%&89�:;<=�>,�•��?�567��"�#��$ �%&'��330��9�@AB�12�89�>C�DE��,�F��G/H9��I�"� �� J+�

100Mbps CSMA/CD MAC

Convergence (PCS, PMA)

125Mbaud X3T95 FDDI PMD

Transmit MACtransmit Enable

Receive MACreceiver error Signal detect

Cat 5 UTP/STP

Carrier sense

1998. ��/� 20

��

MAC + Reconciliation sub layer

PCS

4B/5B encoding/decodingCarrier sense/ Collision Detection��

��(convergence��)�� clock��

PMA

NRZI � ��/NRZI� � �� NRZ ��carrier_status��(ON/OFF)

PMD� signal_status(ON/OFF)� link_status ��(READY/OK/FAIL)

RX_error��Far end fault �� .

nibble��

NRZ bit ��

PMD

!"�(optical-to-electrical#)signal_status��(ON/OFF)

NRZI �

DP83223 transceiver(MLT-3)

DP83840A Physicallayer device with

AN function

Intel 82557

4B5B encoding:�� !

1998. ��/� 21

��(��)��%�)��%��

Encapsulation

preamble+SFD(8)

DA(6)

SA(6)

DATA(46-1500)

type(2)

FCS(4) Interframe gap

(>=12)

data code-group pairs IDLE code group(I code=11111)

SSD(J-K) ESD(T-R)

100BASE-X PDU

802.3 MAC PDU

MAC� � � preamble�� SSD code(JK)� ��, �� data code group�� coding�.SSD : Start of Stream DelimiterESD : End of Stream Delimiter

PCS

1998. ��/� 22

�!��%��*��

PCS

PMA PMD

ANMDI

medium

1998. ��/� 23

)��+��,��!-��+��,��&�.��&

• FLP = 33 NLP(normal link pulse defined for 10BaseT)

• 16 data pulses = Link code word

... ...

2ms

16+/-8ms

FLP

clockdata”1”

data”0”

��/� 24

��

1998. ��/� 25

��

• 109 bps– 10� ��/�

– 1.25� ��/�

– 125Mbytes/s

(ATM = 25Mbps, 155Mbps, 622Mbps,...)

• ��– Ethernet� ��, � ! �" (15# �$)

– %&� 100Base-TX '( ) : 4*+ �,

– Fiber Channel� $-.

1998. ��/� 26

��

� ��

– 802.3z, /0.1.

– 1000Base-SX• short wavelength TRX with two MM fibers

– 1000Base-LX• long wavelength TRX with two MM or SM fibers

– 1000Base-CX• twinax cable(150 )

� ��

– CAT5 UTP ��(50~100m, 4 pairs or 8 pairs)

– 802.3ab, /0.1(99.7).

1998. ��/� 27

��

– Extenstion bit��

• �� MAC� �� !"#$ extension bit% &'

��(), �� MAC� *+, -..(Collision detection/0 12)

– Burst Mode!�"# ��

• BusrtLimit 3� 45� !"# 67 �� '0. (89 :; <= >?)

� ��

– slotTime$%

• /@ 512BT$A 4096BTB C2D

*BT=bit time

1998. ��/� 28

��

��

��

sender receiver

��

��

��

��

��

��

��sender receiver

100Mbps��

1Gbps��

�� .

�

�

Propagation delay/frame transmission time

* CSMA/CD�&� '()*, !� + ,-� ./ '01 �2.

1998. ��/� 29

1Gbps ��

PREAMBLE (7) SFD(1) DA(6) SA(6)

LEN/TYPE(2) DATA+PAD FCS(4) Extension

PREAMBLE (7) SFD(1) DA(6) SA(6)

LEN/TYPE(2) DATA FCS(4)

5123�4 5� �6 789

1998. ��/� 30

�!��%�&��

� � ��2)� �� '3 4(=96BT)��56��

• ��( 78 9:;

1st MAC frame Extension bits

2ndMAC frame

Interframe bits

nth MAC frame Interframe bits

Interframe bits

1998. ��/� 31

��

MDI

PLS

PMA

PLS

AUI

PMA

reconciliation

MEDIUM

MII

MDI

PCS

PMA

reconciliation

MEDIUM

MII

PCS

PMA

reconciliation

MEDIUM

GMII

MDI

10Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps

AUI

MEDIUM

MDI

1,10Mbps

MAC

��

LLC

*AUI� ��.*MII� 10Mbps DTE� 100Mbps �� .*GMII� 1000,100,10Mbps� ��.*PMD� 100Base-X, 1000Base-X�� .

PMD PMD

1998. ��/� 32

��(��

�� MAC

PCS(8B10B coding)

PMA(serializing)

PMD(electrical)

MDI

MEDIUMFiber/Copper1Gbps data1.25Gbaud in 8B10B format

Duplex SC, Shielded DB-9,HSSDC for FC

Gigabit MIIGMII

FC 10bit

CSMA/CD withcarrier extension and bursting

Laser transceiverHP HFBR-5305

HFBR-5601(GBIC)

SERDES transceiver(HP HDMP-1636)

GMAC + PCSSeeq 8100VNS67501

8B/10BENDEC

PCI controller

SC connector

32bit bus

FIFO

O/E

1998. ��/� 33

��

GMII

CARRIERSENSE

SYNCHRONIZATION

RECEIVE

TRANSMIT

AUTO-NEGOTIATION

transmittingreceiving

PCS

CRSCOL

TX<7:0>TX_ENTX_ER

GTX_CLK

RX<7:0>RX_DVRX_ERRX_CLK

TRANSMIT RECEIVE

PMA

tx_code_group<9:0> rx_code_group<9:0>

PMD

tx_bit rx_bit

MDI

MAC��

SERDES(HP HDMP-1636)

HP HFBR-5305

1998. ��/� 34

��

� ��)�<=

– GMII� 8�� 2�34 10�� 56789� :;/<+

– CRS= CD�>?@

– AN(automatic negotiation)

� ��)�<=

– Fiber Channel FC-04 FC-1 PMDAB ��CD 8B10B��EFGH IJ KL

– Serial/Parallel:;

� ��)�<=

– ANSI X3.230(FC-PH): Line coding, O/E :;

1998. ��/� 35

�/��"��$

� ��>?� !��"#��@AB$

� �� "� ��!��"#� �CD$

� !��"#��)�E�:

– 0 ~ (SlotTime - minFrameSize)

– MN�� OPQ RST� U� slotTime (4096BT) VW

X YZAD slotTime- frameLength*[� Extension bit\

]

– 64�� ^_ U� RST` YZ: 4096 - 512 bit

– 512�� $� RST` YZAD 0 bit.

1998. ��/� 36

�!��&"��$

• FG��H�I?�)J�FG��<=�%– � �9aA, Interframe bc,d, ef ��g � hW.

– ijklmnmoplqrstquvwqxyqzq{|}~q��

– �qrs�q��q��ql�klj��jq��ktq��

• KL�� M<=�&''('�"��)*�+��– Simulation��A �� ! �

* M. Molle, et al.,”Frame Bursting: A technique for scaling CSMA/CD to Gigabit Speeds,” IEEE Network Mag., pp. 6-15.

July/Aug. 1997

1998. ��/� 37

��

10Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps

bit time(BT) 100ns 10ns 1ns

slotTime 512 BT 512BT 4096 BT

interFrameGap 9.6us 0.96us 0.096us

attemptLimit 16 16 16

backoffLimit 10 10 10

jamSize 32bits 32bits 32bits

maxFrameSize 1518bytes 1518bytes 1518bytes

minFrameSize 512bits 512bits 512bits

burstLimit NA NA 65536 BT

1998. ��/� 38

!"�#��"��$

F C S E X T E N D P R E A M B L

GTX_CLK

TX_EN

TXD<7:0>

TX_ER

CRS

COL

:�; symbol� <=� >�

1998. ��/� 39

!"��"��$

F C S E X T E N D P R E A M B L

RX_CLK

RX_DV

RXD<7:0>

RX_ER

CRS

COL

1998. ��/� 40

��*��!-��"��$

� ��

P R E A M B L E SCF

/S//I/ /D/ /D/ /D//D//D//D//D//D//D/ /D//D//D//D//D/ /D/ /T/ /R/ /I/

TX_CODE_GROUP

GTX_CLK

TX_EN

TXD<7:0>

CRS

TX_ER

COL

1998. ��/� 41

��

�"�� +�� "�"��

�� &,$'�� ,�(��

'�$�� ,�''�

�� N4D

��- &,$'�� ,�''��

'�$�� ,�''��

�� ,�(��

�� '�#.�� ,'�

��/� 42

��

1998. ��/� 43

��

• 2001.3 � ! "�

• 1Gbps� #$% 3� &' ()

• SONET OC192(9.95Gbps) *+

• GLAN?

1998. ��/� 44

��

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�$ ��%��%�� "#��

�& ��'��()%��'��()"#*�+,-�

��

1998. ��/� 45

�0��*�-�+�0�� *�

• 10,000Base-SX / 10GBase-SX– Multi-Mode Fiber 100m to 300m

• 10,000Base-LX / 10GBase-LX– Single Mode Fiber and Multi-Mode Fiber 5km to 15km

• 10,000Base-EX / 10GBase-EX– Single Mode Fiber 50km to Very Long

• 10,000Base-CX / 10GBase-CX– Coaxial Cable Very short reach.

• 10,000Base-T / 10GBase-T– Twisted Pair, 10m

•

1998. ��/� 46

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� !"#$%&&!"

'()*�+, �-).//01*.//2 ��

$3.4#$5)6�-7

��

Laser transceiver(WDM, Single TRX)

SERDES transceiver

MAC

8B/10BENDEC

PCI controller

connector

32bit Data bus

FIFO

O/E

8x4 bit Data bus+

1x4 bits control(1bit control line/8bit data lane)

RXC/TXC

Serial4 x 2.5Gbps

orSingle path

Serial(HARI)

1998. ��/� 47

(��

• TX: 32 data bits + 4 control bits, one CLK

• RX: 32 data bits + 4 control bits, one CLK

• 32bits data path => 8 bit data path x 4 lanes

• 4bits control path => 1 bit control for one data lane

• Dual data rate signalling��– 1 CLKA �P 2�H ��

CLK

Data

1998. ��/� 48

(��

• Control bit– “1” : Delimiter/special byte(IDLE, SOP, EOP, ERROR)

– “0” : Normal data byte

1998. ��/� 49

�� ! �"��#�! #��!$�

• IDLE(I)– IPG�9A ?@

– Notify no data present

• SOP(S)– Start of a Packet

– Always on the lane 0

• EOP(T)– End of a Packet

– On any lane

• ERROR(E)– ��L�, �D ��F ��2�3EA ��\ ��g �

1998. ��/� 50

� 1�

• 1 line @ 10Gbps– SiGe

– Sensitive to PC board layout

– High cost

• 4 lines @ 2.5Gbps– CMOS/Bipolar

– Low cost

1998. ��/� 51

��-� ��*��&��

• 8B/10B� �,

PCS(8B10B)

SERDES

10bit 10bit 10bit 10bit

SERDES SERDES SERDESPMA(SERDES)

8B/10B

serial

10Gbps

12.5Gbps

3.125Gbaud/line

1998. ��/� 52

�2��-��-��&��3��

• Gigabit Ethernet– 8b/10b 1Gbps( 1.25Gbaud)

• 10G.Ethernet– 8b/10b 10Gbps(12.5Gbaud), (3.125Gbaud for 4xWWDM)

• 10G.Ethernet– 16b/18b 10Gbps(11.25Gbaud), (2.813Gbaud for 4xWWDM)

• Sonet Type Scramble– 10Gbps/Gbaud (2.5Gaud for 4xWWDM)

• PAM-5– 10Gbps/10Gbaud(1.25 GHz Analog )

1998. ��/� 53

��&��

• 8B/10B– by IBM

– DC balance property with a maximum run-length of 5

– a good transition density, which simplifies the requirementson bandwidths and clock jitters for device circuits.

– special characters for commands, synchronization, anddelineation.

– 1-Gigabit Ethernet standard (IEEE 802.3z),

– less cost, effort, and time for technology migration.

– 25 % overhead

– a line rate of 12.5 Gb/s.

1998. ��/� 54

��&��

• Scrambling– SONET/WAN applications

– No overhead and better bandwidth efficiency

– Simple.

– Non-deterministic maximum run-length

– No guarantee of DC balance,

– No built-in special characters.

– Device cost : High

– Incompatibility with IEEE 802.3z standard.

– Bridge for interworking LAN/WAN

• MB810– �?@/A�B

– 50 % improvement of bandwidth efficiency over the 8B/10B code.

– only 5 Gbaud is needed for 10-Gigabit Ethernet.

1998. ��/� 55

��&��

• PAM-5– was adopted in the1000-Base-T

– multi-level amplitude signaling

– In the twisted-pair lines, the PAM-5 encoding can achieve 2 bits perbaud with a 3 dB coding gain, yielding a significantly lower line rate.

– For fiber channels, however, more works need to be done to studythe impact of the ISI, SNR, and non-linearity penalty on a multi-level amplitude signaling.

– Short range

• 16B/18B– fewer overheads, (12.5%)

– not compatible with IEEE 802.3z nor SONET.

– This code is less attractive.

• Forward Error Correction

1998. ��/� 56

�#

• Chip -./ 01

• Flexible PCB layout

• Independent Jitter Budget

PCS/PMA

PMD(XVR)

HARI

20inch apart over FR-4 PCB

1998. ��/� 57

PMD

3��*�-��

Optical input PIN diode Pre Amp Post Amp

SERDES

Optical output Laser diode Amp

1998. ��/� 58

3��*�-�+�0��3��

• WWDM-10GBase-SX– 820nm, 835nm, 850nm, 865nm Multi-mode fiber

• Serial - 10GBase-SX– 850nm Multi-mode fiber(Serial, short wavelength over MM is difficult

• WWDM - 10GBase-LX– 1280nm, 1300nm, 1320nm, 1340nm (MMF/SMF)

• WWDM - 10GBase-LX– 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm

– Multi-mode fiber & Single mode fiber Unsure of 1550nm performance on multi-mode

• Serial - 10GBase-LX– 1310nm or 1550nm Multi-mode fiber & Single mode fiber

• DWDM - 10GBase-EX– 1550nn @ 100GHz (expensive )

• Serial - 10GBase-EX– 1550nm Single mode fiber (expensive )

• PAM-5 - 10GBase-LX– 1280nm,1300nm,1320nm, 1340nm Multi-mode fiber PAM-5, Coding:802.3ab, Data Rate:10,000,

4xWWDM: 1,250 GHz

1998. ��/� 59

��

• 10Gbps Ethernet– 2001/3� /0. �

– MB810 code�� ¡¢

– SONET�� e�

– IP/Ethernet/WDM£F� 9�� WAN¤f $

• WLAN– 11Mbps¥ $�.

– ¦f. §f1

– WPAN(bluetooth¨)� ©ª« ¬¢ ®¯

1998. ��/� 60

��"��2��-0$

• MAC2 ��3 )456– IEEE802.3� issue °±W.

– ,²*, ³� �dg G´� µ¶?• Link aggregation

• TCP checksum offloading in MAC controller

• PHY– coding

– modulation

– Optics

– Wireless

– �·� G´A ¸,d ¹º» �dg ¼` ?

1998. ��/� 61

�� !"#

• ��

– AN : automatic negotiation

– CS : carrier sense

– CD : collision detection

– PMD : physical medium dependent

– PMA : physical medium attachment

– PCS : physical coding sublayer

– GMII : Gigabit media independent interface

– FC-PH : fiber channel-physical and signaling interface

– PHY : physical layer device

– PLS : physical layer signaling

– MMF : multi-mode fiber

– SMF : single-mode fiber

– BT : bit time

– FLP : fast link pulse for 100Base-TX

– MAC : medium access control

• KLMN

– MAC parameters, physical layer, repeater and management parameters for 1000Mb/s operation,IEEE Draft P802.3z/D3

– �� , �, � ��, 1996

1998. ��/� 62

$%

• E-Watch version 2– RF½¾ ´¿ = �ÀÁ ?@��

– ª� ÂÃ RF½¾ �Ä = ´¿/'Å

– Kernel(Ring-0)AB filtering�� Æ£F ver1.0VW 10Ç�$� �� V¯

– Line speedA ©¤� ÈÉ ?@(�Ê 14000Ë �$ ?@)

– web site : http://www.hangkong.ac.kr

Windows 2000Windows NT4Windows 98²+

[email protected]...

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