Yog Sandesh December 08 Hindi1

8/14/2019 Yog Sandesh December 08 Hindi1

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; ;ksx lans'k&fgUnh;ksx lans'k&fgUnh;ksx lans'k&fgUnh;ksx lans'k&fgUnh;ksx lans'k&fgUnh; 1


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m|e% lkgla/S; cqf% 'kfDr% ijke%A "kMsrs ;=k orZUrs r=k nso lgk;r~AA

vks33333e~

lEikndh; 4

vuqHkwfr vkidh 7

jkbZ% xq.k/eZ ,oa ykHk 8

vlk; jksxksadk izkfrd mipkj 11

jtksfuo`fr dk izkfrd funku 14

fljnnZ dks utjvankt u djsa 15

foHkwfrikn 18

fexhZ dk ;kSfxd ,oe~?kjsyw mipkj 19

dksysLVkWy dk izkfrd funku 21

yhoj jksx] dkj.k vkSj fuokj.k 23

xqnk jksxksadh izkfrd&;kSfxd fpfdRlk 27

eq.Mdksifu"kn~ 30

Lokehth us panu dh rjg ekFks

yxkbZ xkao dh ekVh 31

^;ksx* o esfMdy fey tk, rks dSalj dk vUr 32

^,M~l* ls eqfDr fnyk ldrk gS ;ksx vkSj vk;qosZn 33

dq.Mfyuh 'kfDr 35

dSls dke djrk gS ^izk.kk;ke* 39

fcgkj ds ck


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dsUnz ljdkj }kjk xaxk dks jk"Vh; unh ?kksf"kr djus ds iQSlys ls fgUnqLrku lfgr iwjsfo'o esaxaxk ds izfr vkLFkk j[kus okys yksxksaes a [kq'kh dh ygj nkSM+ x;hA vkt ;fnizks- ch- dkVys ftUnk gksrs rks xaxk dks jk"Vh; /jksgj ?kksf"kr gksus dh lwpuk ij og iQwys ulekrsA vaxzsth gqdwer esa iQkSth bathfu;j dkVys us xaxk dks jk"Vh; /jksgj o xaxugj dksjk"Vh; ugj ?kksf"kr djkus dh odkyr 'kh"kZ Lrjksaij tkjh j[kh Fkh] ysfdu mudk ;g fe'kuiwjk ughagks ik;k Fkk tks vc xaxk j{kk eap* rFkk lekt ds fofHkUu rcds ds yksxksaus feydj iwjk djk;k gSA

fczfV'k vfHk;ark izks- ch dkVys dh xaxk esavVwV vkLFkk FkhA mkj Hkkjr esa1840 ds nkSjkuvdky iM+us ds ckn tc mUgsa fczfV'k gqdwer us ikuh dk lzksr rS;kj djus dk dke lkSaik

rks mUgksaus lcls igys xaxk dks /kfeZd nf"V ls dkiQh utnhd ls ns[kus dh dksf'k'k dhFkhA dkVys ,vYl esafy[kk gS fd iQkSth bathfu;j izks- ch dkVys us xaxugj fuekZ.k dk dk;Ziwjk djus ds ckn gfj}kj dks xaxk ds vkLFkk dk izrhd dgkA

mUgksaus xaxk dks jk"Vh; /jksgj ?kksf"kr djkus ds iz;kl rHkh ls 'kq: dj fn, Fks A mUgksausblds rduhdh vk/kj Hkh fczfV'k 'kklu ds lkeus izLrqr fd, Fks A dkVys ,Vyl esa fy[kkgS fd tc izks- dkVys dks fczfV'k lhusV esacqyk;k x;k Fkk rsk mUgksaus ogkaHkh dgk Fkk fdxaxk dksbZlkekU; unh ughagS] blfy, mls fudyus okyh gj /kjk lHkh ds fy, vkLFkkdk izokg gSA xkSjryc gS fd izks- dkVys us xaxk ij gfj}kj esaHkhexkSM+k cSjkt dk fuekZ.k djrsle; ?kksM+s ls uhydaB egknso rd dh ;k=kk dh FkhA xaxks=kh rd Hkh mUgksaus xaxk dks dkiQh

utnhd ls ns[kk FkkA flapkbZfoHkkx ds fjVk;j gq, bathfu;jksadk dguk gS fd blfy, dkVysdh ,Vyl esaHkkxhjFkh o fHkyaxuk unh dk Hkh foLrkj ls ft gSA mUgksaus dgk fd fgUnqLrkudHkh Hkh xjhc ughagks ldrk D;ksafd ;gkaij HkkxhjFkh] fHkyaxuk o vyduUnk gSa] ftulsreke vkLFkk,atqM+h gqbZgSaA buesaikuh gh ughacg jgk gS] cfYd lef] [kq'kgkyh cg jghgSA

foKkfu;ksa dk nkok gS fd xaxk ds ennxkj gSathok.kqA xaxk esaik, x, thok.kqblds tydk 'kq j[krs gSaA os iznw"k.k dks [kRe rks djrs gh gSa] lkFk gh nwljs uqdlkunk;d thok.kqvksadks pV dj tkrs gSaA bldk ikuh csfelky gS A bldh rqyuk fdlh Hkh unh ds ikuh ls djukBhd ughaA xaxk ds ikuh esa dhM+s ughaiM+rsA blesa ykSg rRo dh ek=kk vPNh ikbZxbZ] tks

vU; ufn;ksads ikuh esaughagSA oSKkfud 'kks/ ls bldk irk pyk gSA foKku ,oa izkS|ks fxdh ea =kky; dh igy ij oS Kkfud 'kks/ izkjEHk gqvkA Hkkjrh;izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku (vkbZvkbZVh) dkuiqj us bldk ijh{k.k 'kq: fd;kA flfoy bathfu;fjaxfoHkkx ds izks- fouksn rkjs us crk;k fd xaxk unh ds fdukjs ls feV~Vh vkSj jsr ds lSaiy fy,x,A bldh dksj ySc esatkap gqbZA feV~Vh vkSj jsr esaikap rjg ds thok.kq ik, x,] tks xaxkds fy, iQk;nseUn gS A nwljh rjiQ izks- jktho flUgk us crk;k fd izkphu xzUFkksaesaof.kZr rF;ksads eqrkfcd ljLorh unh Ng gtkj lky igys foyqIr gks xbZA ;equk dk bfrgkl nks gtkj

dsUnz ljdkj us xaxk dksjk"Vh; unh ?kksf"krfd;k gSA iz/kueU=khMkW- eueksgu flag dh

v;{krk esa gqbZ ,d mPpLrjh; cSBd esa ;g

iQSlyk fy;k x;kA bldslkFk gh ,d vf/dkjizkIr xaxk fjoj csfluvFkkWfjVh cukus dk Hkhfu.kZ; fd;k x;kA ;gxaxk dh LoPNrk vkfndk;Zeksa dh ;kstuk,arS;kj dj mudk izHkkoh

f;kUo;u djsxhA

iz/kueU=kh MkW- eueksgu flagus dgk fd xaxk gjHkkjrh; ds fny rFkkfnekx esa jph&clh gSAblfy, bls lkiQ&lqFkjkcukus ds fy, lkaLFkkfudLrj ij izHkkoh dnemBkus dh t:jr gSA

iz/kueU=kh MkW- eueksguflag bl vFkkWfjVh ds

v;{k jgsaxsA ftu jkT;ksals xaxk xqtjrh gS] mudseq[;ea=kh blds lnL;

gksaxsA


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lky iqjkuk gSA blds foijhr xaxk 30 gtkj lky ls cg jgh gSAikbi ds lgkjs 50 iQqV uhps ls feV~Vh (dksj) vkSj jsr (lSaM)ds lSaiy fy, x,A Y;qeusflax fMfLVaXl rduhdh ls VsfLVax gqbZArkieku] eSxusfV vkSj eYVh izksDlh ,izksp dk ijh{k.k gqvkA

blh vk/kj ij xaxk dh vk;qfudkyh xbZA Hkfo"; ds vk;q

dks ysdj Hkh 'kks/ py jgk gSA bl dke esadSfeLVh fMikVZesaVds izksiQslj vkj- xq#ukFk dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;kA mudh ennls vuks[ks thok.kq[kksts x,A thok.kqvksa dh xfrfof/ ns[kh tkjgh gSA uke tkuus dk iz;kl Hkh py jgk gSA ;g thok.kq ikuhdh xanxh [kRe djus okys gSaA

xaxk ds fy, vkanksyuksadk bfrgkl lkS o"kZls vf/d iqjkukgSA chloha'krkCnh ds izFke n'kd esaegkeuk ia- enu eksguekyoh; us ftl yM+kbZ ds 'kq#vkr dh mls mUgksaus 1916 esathrdj gh ne fy;k ysfdu mlds ckn gq, vkanksyu izk;%

fn'kkghu vkSj lek/kughu gh jg x,A chrs lkS o"kksZadh ckr djsarks xaxk ij igyk ladV loZizFke 1905 esavk;kA ekyoh; dk'khfgUnwfo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk esayxs FksA blh chp jk"VjRuckcwf'koizlkn xqIr us mUgsaxaxk ij cka/ cukus lEcU/h vaxzstksadh ;kstuk dh tkukdkjh nhA blds ckn nksuksa us ns'k Hkj dhNksVh&NksVh fj;klrksa ds jktkvksals lEidZfd;kA 11 o"kksZadkvFkd la?k"kZjax yk;kA 1916 esa tc ;krk;kr ds lk/u ughaFksArduhd fodflr ughaFksA ,d yk[k dh la[;k esafgUnwleqnk;ds jkts&jtokM+s gfj}kj dh lHkk esatqVsA ifj.kker% vaxzstksadks

>qduk iM+kA vaxzstksaus xaxk dh vfojy /kjk ds fy, ,d /kjkcgus nsus dh ckr r; dhA rc og vkanksyu lekIr gqvkA cknesaiqu% dk'kh ds ifjizs{; esavktknh ds ckn dk'khoklh y{ehukjk;.k jko vkSj mkj izns'k ds eq[;ea=kh MkW- lEiw.kkZuUn th dsusrRo esadk'kh ds xaxk ?kkVksa ds lqUnjhdj.k dk iz;kl gqvkAmUgksaus dk'kh xaxk ?kkV mkj lfefr cukbZA

dgk tkrk gS fd Hkkjr esavkLFkk lc ij Hkkjh iM+rh gS A


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Lrjh; cSBd esa;g iQSlyk fy;k x;kA blds lkFk gh ,dvfkdkj izkIr xaxk fjoj csflu vFkkWfjVh cukus dk Hkh fu.kZ;fd;k x;kA ;g xaxk dh LoPNrk vkfn dk;Zeksa dh ;kstuk,arS;kj dj mudk izHkkoh f;kUo;u djsxhA

iz/kueU=kh eueksgu flag us dgk fd xaxk gj Hkkjrh; ds

fny rFkk fnekx esajph&clh gSA blfy, bls lkiQ&lqFkjk cukusds fy, lkaLFkkfud Lrj ij izHkkoh dne mBkus dh t:jr gSAiz/kueU=kh MkW- eueksgu flag bl vFkkWfjVh ds v;{k jgsaxsA ftujkT;ksa ls xaxk xqtjrh gS] muds eq[;ea=kh blds lnL; gksaxsA

xaxk dh LoPNrk ds fy, 1985 ls xaxk ,D'ku Iyku pyk,tk jgs gSaA lSdM+ksadjksM+ #i;s [kpZgksus ds ckotwn xaxk unh dsikuh ds ckjs esagkfy;k fjiksVZdgrh gSafd dbZLFkkuksaij mldkikuh ugkus yk;d Hkh ughacpk gSA

xaxk dh LoPNrk dks ysdj fofHkUu ea=kky;ksa] ,tsfUl;ksa dh

rjiQ ls pykbZtk jgh ;kstukvks a dks vc bl vFkkWfjVh dsv/hu yk;k tk;xkA xaxk esaiznw"k.k dh jksdFkke ds fy, xaxk dsbnZ&fxnZcls 'kgjksaesaHkh LoPNrk vfHk;ku] lhost VhVesaV]baMfLV;y osLV vkfn ds dk;Z dks Hkh blh vFkkWfjVh ds v/huyk, tkus dh lEHkkouk gSA vxys nks eghuksa ds Hkhrj bl dk;Zdks vfUre :i ns fn;k tk,xkA

dsUnz ljdkj }kjk xaxk jk"Vh; /jksgj ?kksf"kr fd, tkus ijizlUurk O;Dr djrs gq, ;ksxxq# Lokeh jkenso th egkjkt o'kkafrdqUt izeq[k MkW- iz.ko i.M~;k us bl fu.kZ; dks 'kkafriw.kZ

pys vkUnksyu dh thr crk;k gS A gfj}kj esagtkjksayksxksads lkFkgjdh iSM+h ij Lokeh jkenso us dgk fd ljdkj us rks viukdke dj fn;k gS vc ckjh ns'kokfl;ks a dh gS fd xaxk dksLoPN] fueZy o ifo=k j[kus esalg;ksx djsaA

dsUnz ljdkj }kjk xaxk dks jk"Vh; /jksgj ?kksf"kr djus dhlwpuk ij gfj}kj esa[kq'kh dh ygj nkSM+ xbZA gjdh iSM+h ij xaxkdh fo'ks"k vkjrh dh xbZA vkjrh esa 'kkfUrdqUt izeq[k MkW- iz.koi.M~;k lfgr fofHkUu lEiznk;ksa] vkJeksa ds lk/qlar] vusdlkekftd o jktuhfr laxBuks a ds inkf/dkjh o xaxk HkDrmifLFkr FksA xaxk dh vfojy rFkk fueZy /kjk dks v{kq..k j[kusds fy, xaxk j{kk eap dk xBu j[kus okys Lokeh jkenso oiratfy ;ksxihB ds yksx gj dh iSM+h igqpsA

bl volj ij ekStwn gtkjksaxaxk izsfe;ksadks lEcksf/r djrsgq, Lokeh jkenso us dgk fd vHkh flrEcj ekg esagh xaxk j{kkeap dk xBu dj ns'k Hkj ds vk;kfRed] lkaLfrd rFkklkekftd laxBu blls tqM+s FksA dkuiqj ls bl vkUnksyu dh'kq#vkr dh xbZ FkhA ns'k Hkj ds 550 ftyksa ls gLrk{kfjr Kkiu

iz/kueU=kh o jk"V ifr dks Hksts x, FksA ;g bl 'kkafriw.kZvkUnksyu dk gh ifj.kke gS fd egt nks ekg esagh ljdkj usgekjh ekax dks eku fy;k gSA

mUgksaus iz/kueU=kh eueksgu flag dk vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gq,dgk fd mUgksaus xa xk j{kk eap ds izfrfuf/ eaMy dks tks

vk'oklu fn;k Fkk og iwjk dj fn;k gSA Lokeh jkenso usvkUnksyu ls tqM+s fofgi] jk"Vh; Lo;alsod la?k] 'kkafrdqUt]xaxk lHkk] v-Hkk- v[kkM+ k ifj"kn] v- Hkkj- lar lfefr] lareksjkjh ckiw] jes'k HkkbZ vks>k lfgr lHkh lg;ksxh laLFkkvksadkHkh vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kAmUgksaus dgk fd vkt xaxk dks ysdj ,d ,sfrgkfld fu.kZ;

gqvk gSA vkt dk fnu bfrgkl es a fo'ks"k egRo j[ksxkA xaxkvf/dka'k LFkkuksaij 99 iQhlnh iznwf"kr dh xbZFkh] ljdkj dsbl iQSlys ls xaxk dks iznwf"kr djuk laKs; vijk/ cu tk,xkA

xaxk dh vfojy] fueZy /kjk lHkh dks lqyHk gks ldsxhA mUgksausdgk fd ljdkj us bl ?kks"k.kk ds lkFk gh xaxk jk"Vh; izkf/dj.kdk Hkh xBu dj fn;k gS] ftlds v;{k Lo;a iz/kueU=kh ghgksaxsA mUgksaus dgk fd ljdkj us rks viuk dke dj fn;k gS vcgekjh ckjh gS fd xaxk dks ifo=k cukus esa viuk ;ksxnku nsaA

Lokehth bu fnuksa ;ksx Lo;alsodksads fo'ks"k izf'k{k.k ns jgsgSaA xaxk dks jk"Vh; unh ?kksf"kr djus ds iz/kueU=kh eueksgu flagds fu.kZ; dks jk"Vfgr dk loksZR"V iQSlyk ekurs gq, Js;Lokeh jkenos th egkjkt us dgk fd dksbZHkh lq/kj egt

dkuwu cuk fn, tkus ls ugha gks ldrkA blds fy, lkekftdtkx#drk t:jh gS A mudk dguk gS fd iz/keU=kh Lo;adesVhds v;{k gSa] blfy, ukSdj'kkgh xaxk dh j{kk ds dk;Zesadksrkgh cjrsxh] bldh laHkkouk,a rks ughagSaA fiQj Hkh turk dkstkx#d gksuk gksxkA

mUgksaus dgk fd xaxk j{kk eap dk vkUnksyu lekIr ughagqvkgS] cfYd bldk Lo:i dqN cny x;k gS A vc ;s vlkekftdrRoksads fo# vfHk;ku NsM+sxk] tks xaxk vifo=k dj jgs gSaALokeh th dk ekuuk gS fd xaxk es a xanxh cgkuk vc laKs;vijk/ gksxkA ,slk djus okyksaij turk dks fuxkg j[kdjdkjZokbZdjkus dk ftEek ysuk gksxkA xaxk ds izfr vkLFkk j[kusokys ns'k ds djksM+ksayksxksa dks bldh e;kZnk dks cuk, j[kus dsfy, mruk gh drZO; ijk;.k gksuk iM+sxk] ftruk bZ'k vkjk/ukds fy, gSA xaxk j{kk dks lHkh rVksa ij Jkyqvksadh lfefr;kacukbZtk;saxhA mUgksaus dgk fd iratfy ;ksxihB ds dk;ZdrkZvksadks ltx fd;k x;k gSA


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izk.kk;ke ls czsLV dSalj Bhdvknj.kh; Lokeh jkenso th egkjkt!lknj iz.kke

lu~2006 ebZesaeq>s czsLV dSalj gqvkFkkA esjk fof/or bykt pyk] mlh nkSjkueq>s dheksFkSjsih nh xbZA dheksFkSjsih dk cgqrcqjk vlj gksrk gS A vpkud gh eSaus vkidkizk.kk;ke vkSj vklu vkLFkk pSuy ij ns[kkAeSaus izk.kk;ke ,d ls Msus dhrkdr vkSj vkRefo'okl eq>esamHkj jgk gSA;g lc vkidh ;ksx kfUr dk gh ifj.kkegSA vc eq>s tk;sxhaA ijUrqeSausml le; mldh ckr ij ;ku ughafn;kAml le; eq>s dbZchekjh FkhaA tSls isV

dkiQh c


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&vkpk;Z cky".kiratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

dqyuke % CrucifereaeCrucifereaeCrucifereaeCrucifereaeCrucifereae

ySfVu uke % Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern &Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern &Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern &Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern &Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern &coss.coss.coss.coss.coss.

vaxszsth uke % Indian Mustard.Indian Mustard.Indian Mustard.Indian Mustard.Indian Mustard.laLr % jkftdk] jkth] vklqjh]

rh{.kxa/kfgUnh % jkbZxqtjkrh % jkbZejkBh % eksgjhcaxkyh % jkbZ] lfj'kk

rSyxq % vckyq vjch % [knZy] dqcziQkjlh % lj'kd ifjp; %jkbZdks leLr Hkkjr o"kZesa[ksrh }kjk mRiUu fd;k tkrkgS] blls lc ifjfpr gSA Brassica Integrifolia Westuke lsbldh ,d vkSj tkfr ikbZtkrh gSAckLo:i %bldk o"kkZ;q{kqi ljlksads leku 2&3 iQqV apkgksrk gS A i=k nh?kZo`Ur;qDr xgjs dVs gq,] ijh [kf.Mr ;k v[k.M

dHkh&dHkh 1 iQqV rd yEcs gksrs gSaA i=koUr ij NksVs i=kd ;ko.kZd gksrs gSaA ;g jch dh iQlyksads lkFk cksbZtkrh gSA iq"ipedhys ihys gksrs gSa] iQyh 1&2 bap yach] ij ls uhps dh vkSj

dqN nch gqbZ] vxzppqcgqr NksVk vkSj yEckxz gksrk gSA chtjDrkHk Hkwjs] fldqM+u;qDr vkSj ljlksals dqN NksVs gksrs gSaAjklk;fud la?kVu %cht esaek;jkslhu] flfufxzu] vuq'pr rsyvkSj fluihu Hkfr O; ik;s tkrs gSaA

xq.k/eZ %rh{.k xje] fdafpr~:[kh] diQ fik uk'kd] jDrfikdkjd] vfXu o/Zd] rFkk daMwdq"B] dks"Bjksx vkSj fejksx dksnwj djrh gSAfo'ks"k % vYi ek=kk esajkbZdk lsou nhiu] ikpu] mkstd vkSjilhuk ykus okyk gSA bldk vf/d ek=kk esalsou oked gSA jkbZdk ysi vk;qosZn fpfdRlk 'kkL=k esacgqr fl gSA

ikksasadk 'kkd % pjijk] xje cydkjd] Lokfn"V] fikdkjd]feuk'kd] okr diQ uk'kd vkSj daB jksx dks nwj djus okyk gSArsy %nhiu pjij y?kq rh{.k okrgj iqalRouk'kd] ds'; Rodnks"kgj diQ?u vkSj esnksgj gSA v'kZ] flj nnZ d.kZjksx] daMwdq"B d`fe vkSj 'khrfik dks nwj djrk gSA ;g fo'ks"kr%ew=kPNdkjd gSAlfUuikrt Hkze % bl voLFkk eas daB ij jkbZdk ysi djas] Ropkyky gksus ij vkSVkadj ?kh rsy yxk nasA


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vka[k esasaxkB %cxy eas xkaB dks idkusds fy;s xqM+] xqXxqy vkSj jkbZdks ckjhdihl] ty eas feyk] diM+s dh iV~Vh ijysi dj fpidk nsos] xkaB iddj fc[kjtkrh gSA

vkS"k/h; iz;ksxd.kZewy'kksFk %lfUuikr eas ;k dku easiho gksus ij dku ds ewy eas lwtu vktkrh gS ] bleas jkbZds vkVs dks ljlksadsrsy ;k ,jaM rsy esafeykdj ysi djnsus ls jDr fc[kj tkrk gSAvatuukfHkdk %us =k dh iydkas ijiQqUlh gksus ij] jkbZds pw.kZdks ?kh esafeykdj ysi djus ls rqjUr vkjke gkstkrk gS Aihul jksx % (ukd eas iQksM+k gksuk) jkbZdk vkVk 10 xzke] diwjMs


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es a jkbZdk ysi cgqr iQk;nseUn gSAn;nkScZY; esa gkFk ikao vkSj n; dsij jkbZdk ysi fd;k tkrk gSAdkaVk %Ropk ds Hkhrj dkaVk ;k /krqdk d.k ?kql tk;s rks jkbZds vkVs eas

?kh vkSj 'kgn feykdj ysi djus lsdkaVk ij vk tkrk gS vkSj fn[kkbZnsusyxrk gSAdq"B %jkbZ ds vkVs dks] 8 xqus iqjkus xk;ds ?kh esafeykdj ysi djus lsnkx nwj gks tkrs gSA

ikek] ,fDtek] nkn vkfn ij mDreyge yxkus ls ykHk gksrk gSA

d.kZlzko o oz.k % 100 xzke ljlksadk rsy ;k fry dk rsy vPNh dkj lsmckysa] mcky vkus ij vkap cUn dj nsaA dqN BaMk gksus ij10 xzke jkbZ10 xzke yglqu vkSj Ms


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,slh vusd chekfj;ka gSa] ftudk mipkj ge Lo;a gh?kjsyw mipkj ds }kjk dj ldrs gSaA cl] blds fy;s FkksM+h lhtkudkjh dh vko';drk gksrh gSA bl rjg ds ?kjsyw mipkjesa vkfFkZd O;; Hkh T;knk ugha gksrk gS vkSj jksx ls ?kj cSBsNqVdkjk Hkh ik fy;k tkrk gSAdSalj#dSalj ds jksxh dks xkSew=k dk iku vo'; djuk pkfg,Ablds lsou ls dSalj jksx esa iQk;nk igqaprk gSA dSalj dsjksxh dks lqcg&'kke [kkyh isV vkkk I;kyk xkSew=k ihukpkfg,A xkSew=k ihus ds ckn vkkk I;kyk ikuh Hkh ih ldrsgSaA ftl xk; ;k cfN;k ds ew=k dks ihus ds dke esa ysukgS] og fujksxh vkSj LoLFk gksuh pkfg,A nslh xk; dk ew=klcls mke gksrk gSA

#;r dSalj ds jksxh dks lgtu dh 20 xzke Nky dkDokFk cukdj vkjksX; ofkZuh dh 2 xksyh fnu esa rhu ckjysuh pkfg,A ,slk djus ls jksx esa iQk;nk gksrk gS A

ihfy;k#rkdr vkSj vk;q ds vuqlkj jkst lqcg rktk xkSew=k ihfy;kds jksxh dks ihuk pkfg,A xkSew=k dh ek=kk ikp rksyk gksuh

pkfg,A ;g f;k jksxh dks de ls de ,d ekg rddjuh pkfg,A ,slk djus ls fu'p; gh ihfy;k (dkeyk)jksx esa iQk;nk gksrk gSA

# 'kgn ds lkFk feyk dj vkaoys dh pVuh cuk ysaAlqcg&'kke bl pVuh dk lsou djus ls ihfy;k jksx Bhdgksrk gSA

# 250 xzke vukj ds jl esa750 xzke phuh feyk dj pk'kuhcuk ysaA bl pk'kuh dk fnu esa 3&4 ckj lsou djus lsihfy;k jksx Bhd gksrk gSA

# vukj ds i=k Nk;k esa lq[kk ysaA budk cgqr ckjhd pw.kZ

cuk ysaA ihfy;k jksxh dks 6 xzke ;g pw.kZizkr% xkS dh NkNrFkk 'kke dks mlh NkN ds iuhj ds lkFk nsuk pkfg,A# vukukl ds ids iQyksa ds 10 xzke jl esa2 xzke gYnh pw.kZ

vkSj 3 xzke feJh feyk dj lsou djus ls ihfy;k(dkeyk) esa ykHk feyrk gSA

#ihiy ds 3&4 u;s i=kksa dks ysdj ikuh ls ?kksydj feJhds lkFk [kjy esa [kwc ?kksaV ysuk pkfg,A vc bUgsa ckjhdihl ysa vkSj 250 xzke ikuh esa ?kksy dj Nku ysaA ihfy;k

ds jksxh dks ;g 'kcZr fnu esa nks ckj fiyk;saA de ls deikp fnuksa rd ;g f;k djsaA ihfy;k jksx ds fy;s ;gvuqHkwr jkeck.k vkS"kfk gSA

#iquuZok ds 10 feyh yh jl esa vkkk xzke ckoph ds filsgq, chtksa dk pw.kZ feyk ysaA lqcg&'kke ihfy;k jksxh dksbl pw.kZ dk lsou djuk pkfg,A bl f;k dks djrs oDr;g ckr t:j ;ku j[ksa fd ckoph dk T;knk lsou oeuiSnk djrk gSA

#ehBs uhacw dk 40&50 feyh yh jl ihfy;k jksx esa r`"kkfuokjd O; dh rjg iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

#rstikr ds iksa 5&6 dh ek=kk esa jkst pckus pkfg,A ,slkdjus ls jksx dh rhozrk de gksrh gSA

# 150&200 xzke ';ksukd dk rktk fNydk mrkj dj]dwVdj jkr dks ,d fxykl ikuh esa fHkxksdj j[k nsaA lqcg[kkyh isV ikuh ls diwj dh nks fVDdh dk pw.kZ cuk djfuxy ysaA blds 15 feuV ckn ';ksukd dh Nky okykikuh furkj dj ih ysA blds nks ?kaVs ckn uk'rk ;k HkkstudqN Hkh dj ldrs gSA jksxh ds jksx ds vuqlkj ,d&nks]rhu fnuksa rd bldk lsou djus ls ihfy;k jksx esa fu'p;

gh iQk;nk gksrk gSApspd#djsys dh csy ;k ikksa dk jl (djsys dk iQy Hkh ysldrs gS) 6 ek'kk ls ,d rksys rd gYnh dk pw.kZ ,dek'kk vkSj FkksM+k&lk 'kgn feykdj fnu esa rhu pkj ckjpkVus ls pspd jksx esa iQk;nk gksrk gSA flj ls ikao rdfudyh gqbZ pspd esa vkSj rst cq[kkj esa blds iz;ksx lsiQk;nk gksrk gSA dPps djsys u feyus dh voLFkk esa [kq'ddjsys dk dk


12/60


Iysx# 50 xzke ikuh ds lkFk uhe dh 20 xzke varjNky dks ihlNku dj lqcg 'kke jksxh dks fiykus ls vkSj uhe ds ikksadks ckjhd ihl dj iqfYVl lh cuk dj Iysx dh xkaBksa ijckakus ls xkaBs fc[kj tkrh gSaA blls Toj es a vkjke feyrk

gSA#uhe ds iapkx dks ikuh esa dwV&Nku ysaA bls 10&10 xzkedh ek=kk esa jksxh dks 15&15 feuV ds varjky ls fiykusls vkSj xkaBksa ij uhe ds ikksa dh iqfYVl ckakus ls rFkkjksxh ds vkl&ikl uhe dh ?kwuh djrs jgus ls Iysx dsjksxh dks cM+k ykHk feyrk gSA

#dikl ;k diM+s dks uhe dh rkM+h esa rj dj Iysx dhxkaB ij ckakus ls ykHk feyrk gSA

#ftl oDr Iysx jksx iQSyk gqvk gks ml oDr uhe ds iz;ksxls Iysx dk vke.k ugha gksrk gSA uhe ,d ,slk ;ksxokgh

O; gS] tks 'kjhj ds NksVs&NksVs fNksa esa igqap dj ogka dstarqvksa dks u"V dj nsrk gSA

th.kZ Toj#th.kZ Toj ds jksxh dks fnu esa nks ckj xkSew=k ihuk pkfg,A

7&8 fnuksa rd xkSew=k dks ihus ls mldk th.kZ Toj Bhdgks tk;sxkA

#th.kZ Toj ;k N% fnuksa ls Hkh T;knk le; ls pyk vk jgko u VwVus okys Toj esa 40 xzk fxyks; ysdj vPNh rjgdqpy ysaA bls feV~Vh ds crZu esa 250 xzke ikuh esa feykdj jkr Hkj


13/60


coklhj#ewyh dk 20 xzke jl fudky dj mlesa 50 xzke xk; dk?kh feyk dj lsou djus ls dqN gh fnuksa es a coklhj jksx[kRe gks tkrk gSA

#lw[kh ewyh dh iqfYVl cuk dj coklhj ds eLls ij lsad

yxkuh pkfg,A# vadksy dh tM+ dh Nky dk 1 xzke pw.kZ dkyh fepZ dslkFk iaQdh nsus ls coklhj jksx esa iQk;nk gksrk gSA

# v'kZ ds eLls tc xqnk ls ckgj vkdj lwt tk;s] rc ".kthjs dks ikuh esa mcky ysaA bldk lsou djus ls jksx esaiQk;nk gksrk gSA

#thjs dks ikuh ds lkFk ihldj v'kZ ij ysi djuk pkfg,A#dUn ds pw.kZ dks fry ds rsy esa cjkcj ek=kk esa ysdj ihlysaA ,d pEep pw.kZ esa 'kgn feykdj fnu esa rhu ckj nwk

ds lkFk jksxh lsou djsaA ,slk djus ls dqN gh fnuksa esa [kwuvkuk can gks tk;sxkA

#xsans ds iwQy dh ia[kqfM+;ksa dks 5 ls 10 xzke rd ?kh esaHkwudj fnu esa rhu ckj jksxh dks nsus ls coklhj jksx lscgus okyk [kwu can gks tkrk gSA

# 10&20 xzke kfu;s ds chtksa dks ,d fxykl ikuh o 10xzke feJh ds lkFk vkSVkdj fiykus ls coklhj ls cgusokyk [kwu #d tkrk gSA

vkkk'kh'kh#lqcg lw;ksZn; ds ,d ?kaVk igys ekos ds ,d isM+s esa pusds nkus ds cjkcj nslh Myh dk diwj Mky dj isM+s dkspckdj [kk ysaA mlh ds ckn ,d vkSj ,slk isM+k [kk ys aftlesa diwj dh Myh u gksaA blds mQij ikuh ugha ihuk

pkfg,A ,d gh [kqjkd [kkus ls jksx esa iQk;nk gks tkrk gSAdbZ ckj jksx dh vfkdrk dh otg ls [kqjkd dh nks ek=kkHkh [kkuh iM+ ldrh gSaA

#gqjgqy ds ikksa ds jl esa gqjgqj ds chtksa dk [kjydj]diky ij nks&rhu fnu rd ysi djus ls vkkk'kh'kh dhosnuk gksuh can gks tkrh gSA

#gjM+ dh xqByh dks ikuh ds lkFk ihl dj ysi djus lsvkkk'kh'kh jksx esa ykHk gksrk gS ij ;g yxrh cgqr gS]blfy;s bldk iz;ksx lkokkuh iwoZd djsaA

#efLr"d ds ftl rjiQ osnuk gks blds nwljh vksj ds uFkqus

esa vxLr ds ikksa ;k iwQyksa ds jl dh 2&3 cwans Vidkusls rRdky ykHk gksrk gSA

# vjhBs ds iQy dks 1&2 dkyh fepZ ds lkFk f?kl djukd esa 4&5 cwans Vidkus ls vkkk'kh'kh dk jksx rqjar feVtkrk gSA

#cdjh dk nwk vkSj Hkkaxjs dk jl cjkcj&cjkcj ek=kk esaysdj feyk ysaA bldks xeZ djds ukd esa Vidkus ls vkSjHkkaxjs ds jl esa efjp pw.kZ feyk dj ysi djus lsvkkk'kh'kh feVrh gSA

fu;fer :i ls ;ksx vkSj O;k;kedjuk lsgr ds fy, csgn iQk;nsean gSA;g u fliQZvkidks pqLr&nq#Lr j[krk gScfYd dbZ?kkrd jksx ls yM+us esaHkhenn djrk gS A ,d u, 'kks/ esadgk x;kgS fd dSalj ds mipkj ds nkSjku fu;fer:i ls ;ksx dj dheksFkSjsih ds nq"izHkkoksals cpk tk ldrk gSA

dsUnzh; ;ksx vkSj izkfrd fpfdRlk

ifj"kn ds eqrkfcd fu;fer :i ls ;ksxdjuk dheksFkSjsih ds nq"izHkko de djusesadkiQh gn rd ennxkj lkfcr gksldrk gS A Lru dSalj ls ihfM+r efgykvksa}kjk fu;fer :i ls ;ksx djus ij mudh'kkjhfjd vLoLFkrk o ruko esadeh vkSjizfrj{kk ra=k esalf;rk ns[kh xbZA

dSalj ds ejhtksadks vkijs'ku ds ckn

jsfM;ksFkSjsih vkSj dheks FkSjsih ls xqtjuk iM+rk

gSA buds dbZnq"izHkko Hkh ns[kus dks feyrsgSaA v;;u ds vuqlkj dSalj ds ejhtksadsfy, ^;ksx* 'kkjhfjd o ekufld nksuksaghfygkt ls ykHknk;d gS vkSj lcls cM+hckr blds dksbZnq"izHkko Hkh ughagksrsA blv;;u esaLru dSalj ds f}rh; vkSj rrh;Lrj ls ihfM+r 35 ls 70 o"kZrd dhefgykvksadks 'kkfey fd;k x;kA bu efgykvksa

dks fu;fer rkSj ij ;ksx djk;k x;kA ;sefgyk,a dheksFkSjs ih djk jgh FkhaA buefgykvksaesadheksFkSjs ih ls iwoZ] mldsnkSjku vkSj ckn esaeryh] nnZvkfn ds

lkFk muds izfrj{kk ra=k dh Hkh tkap dhxbZAvklu] iz k.kk;ke vkSj esfMVs'ku dh

fu;fer d{kkvksads ckn efgykvksaesannZvkSj eryh lEcU/h leL;kvksaesadehns[kh xbZA ;gh ugha] mudk izfrj{kk ra=k Hkhigys ds eqrkfcd vf/d lf; ik;kx;kA


14/60


&MkW- vatwvxzoky

jtksfuofr (esuksikWt) dksbZjksx ughagSA L=kh dh vk;qtc45 ls 48 o"kZdh gks tkrh gS rc mldks jt vkuk khjs&khjs cUn

gks tkrk gSA rc L=kh dks fofHkUu izdkj ds jksx vkSj d"V gks tkrsgSaA dbZfL=k;ksadks ekfld lekIr gksus ds iwoZgh fofHkUu izdkjds jksx vkSj d"V gks tkrs gSavkSj ;g t:jh Hkh ughagS fd izR;sdL=kh dks reke y{k.k vkSj d"V gksa;kuh fdlh L=kh dks buesalsdksbZjksx o d"V rks nwljh vU; fdlh L=kh dks vU; d"V gqvkdjrk gSA L=kh ds eq[k] flj] xnZu vkSj xys ds ijh Hkkx esaykyh ,oaxehZmRiUu gks tkrh gS] ilhuk vfkd vkrk gSA izk;%lkjs 'kjhj ij ykyh&lh fn[kkbZnsrh gS A fljnnZvkSj flj esapDdj] feryh] cspS uh] uha n u vkuk] Hkw [k de gks tkuk] vth.kZ]fpM+fpM+kiu] ks k] Hk;] ?kcjkgV vkfn d"V gks tkrs gSaA cgqr&lh

fL=k;ksadks gkbZCyM izs'kj] oge vkSj ikxyiu dk jksx gks tkrk gSAekfld keZcUn gksus ds le; dbZfL=k;ksadk xHkkZ'k; cM+k

gks tkrk gS] ftlls mudks cgqr vfkd ek=kk esajDr vkus yxrkgSA izk;% bl rjg dk d"V ekfld can gksus ls iwoZgks tkrk gS vkSjblds ckn jtksn'kZu ges'kk ds fy, cUn gks tkrk gSA xfB;k (tksM+ksadk nnZ)] eksVkik] ew=k esa'kDdj vkuk] dej nnZ] vkks flj dknnZvkfn d"V gks tkrs gSaA L=kh gj le; nq%[kh jgrh gS] mldkfny vfkd kM+drk gS] 'kjhj esaxehZdh ygjsaeglwl gksrh gSaAdHkh&dHkh dEiu vkSj jDr esafodkj vkus ls dbZpeZjksx mRiUugks tkrs gSaA

D;ksavkrk gS ;g cnyko \mez csaekfld keZvfu;fer gSA le> ysafd vkidks vius Hkkstuesamfpr ek=kk esadSfY'k;e izkIr ughagks jgk gSA blfy, ,slsinkFkZ[kk,a] ftuesadSfY'k;e dkiQh gks A fiQj Hkh ;fn deh jgtk, rks dSfY'k;e dh xksfy;kaHkh [kk ldrh gSaA

,slh voLFkk esaefgyk,alnk lqikP;] rktk rFkk FkksM+k ikSf"VdHkkstu ysarkfd [kk;k gqvk Hkkstu vklkuh ls ip tk,aA

;fn efgyk esajDr de gks x;k gks rks jDr c


15/60


&oS| Jo.k dqekj f=kikBhiratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

fl jnnZ 'kjhj esa Nqis jksxksa dky{k.k gSA lkekU; fljnnZ dh ckr ;gkaughadh tk jgh gSA yxkrkj vkSj vlguh;ihM+k ds lkFk gksus okys fljnnZ dks ;wa ghu ysaA mlds dkj.k dk irk yxkdj mldkj.k dk bykt djus ls vki fljnnZ lseqfDr ik ldrs gSaA

isV ds jksxksa ds dkj.k gksus okykfljnnZ

vkek'k; vkSj vkarfM+;ka detksj gks tkus] Hkkstu u ipus] vkek'k; vkSjvkarfM+;ka iQwy tkus ;k isV ds raf=kdkra=k ij cks> iM+us ls Hkkstu ds ckn fljHkkjh gks tkrk gS vkSj flj esa nnZ gksusyxrk gSA ikpu jksxksa dh fpfdRlk udjus ij izfrfnu gh fljnnZ gksus yxrkgSAmipkjikpu dks ;ksxkH;kl ls 'kfDr'kkyhcuk,aA mkkuiknklu] ioueqDrklu]otzklu] 'k'kdklu] lqIrotzklu dkvH;kl djsaA

diky Hkkfr] ukM+h 'kksku] vfXulkj f;k] mfM~M;ku cak dk vH;kldjsaA

rys gq, HkksT; inkFkks& iwfj;ka] ijkaBs]

McyjksVh rFkk eSns ls cus HkksT;inkFkks dk lsou can dj nsaA 'kh?kzipus okys HkksT; ,oa iQy dk lsoudjsaA

fgaxok"V pw.kZ 2&3 xzk- rFkk izckyHkLe 60 fe- xzk-] ykSg HkLe 30 fe-xzk- [kkrs jguk ykHkizn gSA

utyk&tqdke ls mRiUu fljnnZ

yacs le; rd utyk&tqdke ds cusjgus ls efLr"d vkSj raf=kdk ra=k detksjgks tkus ds dkj.k fljnnZ jgus yxrk gSAmipkjxsgwa dh Hkwlh 12 xzk- dks vkkk yhVj i ku h e s a 15&20 feuV rdmcky&Nkudj ehBk Mkydj ihukykHkizn gSA

isV lkiQ djus ds fy, ekqj fcjspu

f=kiQyk ;k bZlcxksy dh Hkwlh xjenwk ls ysaA

dqaty] tyusfr ,oadikyHkkfr djds'kjhj dh liQkbZesalg;ksx nsaA miokldjds ikpu laLFkku dks foJke nsaA miokl esa xquxqus ikuh esa uhacwfupksM+dj fnu esa dbZ ckj ysaA

rkM+klu] dfVpklu] lqIrioueqDrkequ]Hkqtaxklu] kuqjklu] otzklu] xkseq[kklu]vZeRL;saklu vkfn bl jksx esa mi;ksxh

gSaAlw;ZHksnh rFkk HkfL=kdk izk.kk;ke dslkFk vfXulkj dk vH;kl Hkh ykHkizngSA

iqjkus mina'k ds dkj.k fljnnZmina'k jksx ds fo"kSys izHkko jDr esa

vk tkus ds dkj.k jkf=kdky esa rM+ik nsusokyk fljnnZ gksrk gSAmipkjLo.kZ {khjh dh tM+ dh Nky lq[kkdj

500 fe- xzk- ls 3 xzk- rFkk uhe dsiks dk diM+Nu pw.kZ 500 ls 100fe- xzk- dks ,d=k dj rkts ikuh lslqcg&'kke ysuk ykHkizn gSA

jhBk ds fNydksa dh HkLe 125 ls250 fe- xzk- rd ikuh ls fnu esa2&3 ckj ysuk fgrdj gSA

xqnks esa lwtu gksus ls mRiUu fljnnZ jksxh ds flj ds fupys Hkkx esa

lae.k ds dkj.k yxkrkj fljnnZ gksrkjgrk gS rFkk jkf=k esa mls ckj&ckj ew=kvkrk gSA jksxh ds ew=k esa liQsnh tSlkinkFkZ Hkh vkrk gSA ;g fljnnZ cM+h vk;qesa gqvk djrk gSA;kSfxd mipkjxqnkZ 'kksFk dk mipkj djsaA

di kyH k k f r ] u kM + h ' k k s k u ] vuqykse&foykse izk.kk;ke dk vH;kldjsaA

lqIr otzklu] 'k'kdklu] xkseq[kklu]kuqjklu] vkfn dk vH;kl izfrfnudjsaA

izkfrd mipkjrqylh dh ifk;ka Nk;k esa lq[kkbZ gqbZ

20 xzk-] vtok;u 20 xzk-] lsakk ued10 xzk- rhuksa dks ihldj pw.kZ cuk ysa

vkSj izkr% lk;a nks&nks xzk- dh ek=kk lsxquxqus ikuh ds lkFk ysaA ,d gh ek=kk esaxqnsZ dh ihM+k ls rM+irs gq, jksxh dks pSuvk tkrk gSA dqN fnuksa ds lsou ls xqns Zdh 'kksFk esa Hkh vkjke fey tkrk gSAeysfj;k Toj ds dkj.k fljnnZizkfrd mipkj

lknk [kkus dk ued filk gqvk ysdjros ij (kheh vkap ij bruk Hkwusa fdmldk jax dkyk&Hkwjk (dkWiQh ds leku)gks tk,A BaMk gksus ij 'kh'kh esa Hkj ysaAcl nok rS;kj gS] tks eysfj;k] fo"keToj] pkSFkkjh Toj vkfn dh [kkl nok gSaA Toj vkus ls igys 6 xzk- ued ,dfxykl xeZ ikuh esa feykdj ih ysa rFkkToj tkus ij Hkh 6 xzk- Hkquk ued xeZikuh esa ?kksydj ih tk,aA cl bu nks


16/60


[kqjkdksa ds ysus ek=k ls gh cq[kkjmrj tk,xk vkSj fiQj ugha ykSVsxkA vxjnwljh ckj Hkh cq[kkj vk tk, rks Hkh ;ghiz;ksx djsaA rhljh ckj cq[kkj drbZ ughavkrk gSA

efLr"d esa jlwyh ds dkj.k gksus okykfljnnZefLr"d esa jlwyh gks tkus ij Hkh

igys rks ekewyh fdUrq ckn esa Hk;adjfljnnZ ls jksxh dh n`f"V detksj iM+tkrh gSA;kSfxd mipkj

izk.kk;ke esa fdlh Hkh jksx dks u"V djus dh iw.k Zr% {kerk gSA vkidikyHkkfr] ukM+h 'kksku] HkfL=kdk vkfn

izk.kk;keksa dk vH;kl djsaA blds lkFkgh mfpr fpfdRlk djk,aArys gq, Hkkstu ds dkj.k gksus okykfljnnZ

?kh ;k eD[ku ;qDr HkksT; inkFkZiwfM+;ka] ijkaBs vkfn [kkus ls Hkh fljnnZgks tk;k djrk gSA ;g fljnnZizkr% dkyesa vfkd gksrk gSAizkfrd mipkj

,d ;k nks uhacw dk jl B.Ms ;k xje

ikuh esa fupksM+ dj ihus ls fikk'k; esa mRrstuk vkus ls fpdukbZ dk ikpugksdj fljnnZ nwj gks tkrk gSA

;kSfxd mipkj mnj 'kfDr fodkld vkluksa dk

vH;kl izfrfnu Luku djus ds ckn djsa& mkkuiknklu] ioueqDrklu]'k'kdklu] otzklu] vZeRL;sakluvkfn jkstkuk djus ls mDr f'kdk;rsanwj gksdj fljnnZ nwj gks tkrk gSA

dikyHkkfr ,oa ukM+h 'kksku ,oavfXulkj f;k dk Hkh fu;fervH;kl djsaA

jDr esa teus dh 'kfDr de gks tkusij fljnnZ[kwu esa teus dh 'kfDr de gks tkusij fljnnZ lqcg ds le; gqvk djrk

gSA tSls&tSls fnu c


17/60


feuV ds ckn Nkudj blesa mcykgqvk nwk 100 xzk- vkSj feJh pw.kZ nkspEep Mkydj xeZ&xeZ gh ih ysaA fiQj pknj vks


18/60


&Lokeh jkenso

ftKklk ;ksxkax ^/kj.kk* dk D;k Lo:i gS\ns'kcU/f'pkL; /kj.kk AA1AA'kCnkFkZ ns'kcU/% fpkL; fpk dks fdlh LFkkufo'ks"k esack/ nsuk fVdk nsuk /kj.kk /kj.kk dgykrk gSAlw=kkFkZfpk dks 'kjhjLFk ;k 'kjhj ls ck fdlh LFkkufo'ks"kij jksd nsuk ^/kj.kk* dgykrk gSAHkkokFkZ fdlh LFkkufo'ks"k ij fpk dks jksd ysuk /kj.kk* gSAog LFkkufo'ks"k 'kjhj ds vUnj Hkh gks ldrk gS rFkk 'kjhj dsckgj Hkh gks ldrk gSA 'kjhj ds vUnj ;FkkukfHkp] vkKkp]n;dey] ewZT;ksfr] ftkxz] ukfldkxz vkfn rFkk 'kjhj dsckgj ;FkkdksbZ iq"i] dksbZfp=k] /zqo] pUnz vkfn u{k=k] fdlhcgrh unh dh dy&dy ofu vkfnA

lHkh lk/dksads fy, ;krO; gS fd v"Vkax;ksx dh viuh,d fedrk gS] ftlesaiwokZax ds }kjk vijkax dks lgk;rkfeyrh gSA ;fn iwokZax Hkyh&Hkkfr fu"iUu u gks] rks vijkax dhlE;d~fu"ifk Hkh ughacu ikrh gSA /kj.kk ds fo"k; esa;g ckrT;knk xgjkbZrd lR; gS D;ksafd og vUrjax ;ksx dk izkFkfedpj.k gS A tc rd izR;kgkj dh voLFkk ughacu tkrh] rc rdHkyh&Hkkfr /kj.kk cu gh ughaldrh gSA bl dkj.k ;ksxkH;kfl;ksa

dks /kj.kk ds vH;kl ls igys izR;kgkj dh voLFkk dks vPNhrjg ls cuk ysuk pkfg;sAtgkrd /kj.kkH;kl dh izf;k dh ckr gS] mlesadqN

fo'ks"k jgL; ughagSA og bruk gh gS fd izR;kgkj dh voLFkkdks Hkyh&Hkkfr fu"iUu djus ds ckn ukfldkxz vkfn /kj.kk dsLFkku ij gj izdkj dh Hkkouk&dYiuk ls jfgr gksdj Lo;adks,dkxz djus dk iz;kl djsaA lrr iz;kl djrs gq, vUrr% vkiik;saxs fd fpk ml LFkkufo'ks"k esa cU/ x;k gS ;k vo# gksx;k gSA ;gh /kj.kk dh fLFkfr gSA bl fLFkfr esa /kj.kdrkZdksLo;adk] /kj.kk dk fo"k; cuk;h x;h oLrqdk rFkk /kj.kk dh

izf;k dk i`Fkd~&iFkd~lk vglkl cuk jgrk gSAftKklk;ksxkax ^;ku* dk D;k Lo:i gS\r=k izR;;Sdrkurk ;kue~ AA2AA'kCnkFkZ r=k mlesa vFkkZr~ ftl LFkku ij fpk dks jksdkx;k gS] ml LFkkufo'ks"k eas izR;;Sdrkurk cks/ dh lrrrkcuh jguk ;kue~ ;ku dgykrh gSAlw=kkFkZftl LFkku ij fpk dks jksdk x;k gS ] ml LFkkufo'ks"keas cks/ dh lrrrk cuh jguk ^;ku* dgykrh gSA

HkkokFkZ /kj.kk ds LFkku esafpk fLFkj gks tkus ds ckn] tcml fLFkjrk esa,d izdkj dh lrrrk cuh jgrh gS] rks oghvoLFkk ^;ku* dgykrh gSA ;ku dh voLFkk dks ge ,dvU; izdkj ls Hkh le> ldrs gSatSlk fd iwoZlw=k ds HkkokFkZds vUr esa crk;k x;k gS fd /kj.kk dh voLFkk esa/kj.kkdrkZdks Lo;adk] /kj.kk dk fo"k; cuk;h x;h oLrq dk rFkk /kj.kkdh izf;k dk iFkd~&iFkd~lk vglkl cuk jgrk gSA ;gh/kj.kk dh voLFkk tc izxk


19/60


&oS| bUnziky xks;yiratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

fexhZ jksx ds ejht dks fo'ks"k Mj ls Hk;Hkhr jgus dhvknr ds lkFk&lkFk mldk varZeu Hkh cgqr detksj iM+ tkrkgSA efLr"d ds fdlh dsU ds vpkud u"V gksus ds dkj.kukM+h&lw=kksaij efLr"d dk fu;a=k.k dbZ va'kksa esa u"V gks tkrkgS] ftlls [kSapu] fnekx dh xM+cM+h vkSj ewPNkZ Nk tkrh gSA'kjhj dh blh voLFkk dk uke fexhZgSA

fexhZdk nkSjk iM+us ls igys gh jksxh dks irk py tkrk gSysfdu dbZckj vpkud nkSjk iM+rk gS vkSj jksxh [kM+k&[kM+k fxj

tkrk gS Aekal is f'k;ka dM+h gks tkrh gS a] jax iQhdk iM+ tkrk gSAvkkk&,d feuV ds ckn vax&izR;ax esaizcy f[kapko gksus yxrkgSA jksxh ikxyksadh rjg vka[ksaupkus rFkk nkar ij nkar ihlusyxrk gSA dbZckj mldh tqcku dV Hkh tkrh gSA is'kkc Hkhfudy tkrk gSA ;g fLFkfr dqN nsj rd jgrh gSA blds cknpsruk ykSVus yxrh gS vkSj og lks tkrk gSA ;g nkSjk fdlh dksfnu esadbZckj] fdlh dks eghus esa;k lky esa ,d nks ckjiM+rk gSA ekrk&firk bl jksx ls ihfM+r jgs gksarks cPpksa dks Hkh;g jksx gks tkrk gSA ekfld lzko vpkud can gks tkus ij Hkh

fL=k;ksa dks ;g jksx gks tkrk gSA vkar esacM+k dsapqvk gksus ij HkhdHkh&dHkh ;g jksx mRiUu gks tkrk gSA

izkfrd fpfdRlk Luk;qra=k dks lcy cukus ds fy, isV dks lkiQ j[kuk ikpuf;k lgh j[kuk t:jh gSA ;gh bl jk sx dh fpfdRlk gSAbl jksx dk mipkj vkS"kfk;ksaesaiw.kZ :i ls ugha gSA dsoyiz kfrd ,oa;ks x&fpfdRlk ls gh bls Bhd fd;k tkldrk gS A

fu;fer ,fuek djuk] xeZikuh esauhacw o 'kgn dk fu;ferlsou djuk] isV ij B.Mk xeZdk lsd djuk] isV ij feV~Vh

dh ih o ihB ij xeZB.Ms dk lsd 15 feuV djus dslkFk] isV ds cy ysVus ls vkjke feyrk gSA

kwi&Luku vkSj rsy dh ekfy'k lIrkg esa nks &rhu ckj djsaAfexhZdk nkSjk iM+us okyk gS] ;g ekywe gksrs gh iQkSju jksxhds flj ij dkiQh BaMs ikuh dk rkSfy;k j[k nsaA mls fcLrjij fyVk nsavkSj ikao xeZikuh dh ckYVh esaMky nsaA bldsckn jksxh dks rktk ikuh FkksM+k&FkksM+k djds fiyk,aA blls nkSjsdh laHkkouk de gks tkrh gS ;k nkSjk ugha vkrk gSA

fexhZds nkSjs iM+us ds ckn jksxh tc ukeZy gks tk, rks mldsflj dks BaMs ikuh ls kksdj iwjs 'kjhj dks Hkhxs gq, rkSfy,ls iksaN nsaA;kSfxd fpfdRlk

lw;Z] ueLdkj] otzklu] m"Vklu] lqIrotzklu] Hkqtaxklu] gyklu] gLriknkskkuklu] edjklu] rFkk eRL;klu dkvH;kl djsaA

izk.kk;keksaesa 'khryh] lhRdkjh rFkk ukM+h&'kks ku dk vH;kl

djsaA ukM+h 'kksku esaLokHkkfod :i ls vkarfjd dqaHkd dsvH;kl dks c


20/60


djsaA bls 1 ls 3 xzk- dh ek=kk esanks ckj 'kgn ds lkFk yxkrkj4&6 ekg lsou djus ls fexhZesaLFkk;h ykHk gksrk gSA

dsoy op dk pw.kZ4&6 jkh fnu esa nks ckj 'kgn ds lkFkpkVus ls fexhZ esaykHk gksrk gSA iF; esa 12 fnuksard fliQZnwk&iku djsaA

vtok;u o ued 3&3 xzk- rFkk uhe dh rkth ifk;ka5,d=k dj 50 xzk- ty esa?kksydj izfrfnu lqcg&'kke 3 ekgrd lsou djus ls fexhZ esa ykHk gksrk gSA

dkaVs okyh pkSykbZdh tM+ 20 xzk-] dkyh fepZ9 ux] ty50 xzk- ysaA ihl&Nkudj lkr fnuksard jksxh dks fiykus lsfexhZjksx Bhd gks tkrk gSA

csy ds 5&7 iks (izR;sd esa3&3 csy i=k gks) ysdj mUgsa8&10 dkyh fepZds lkFk fiykus ls fexhZesavk'p;Ztud:i ls ykHk gksrk gS A bldk lsou de ls de rhu ekg rd

djsaA vdjdjk 100 xzk-] iqjkuk fljdk 100 xzk-] 'kgn 40 xzk- ysaAigys vdjdjk dks ihldj fljds esa[kwc ?kksaVsaa] ckn esa'kgnHkh feyk nsaA bls jksxh dks 6 xzk- dh ek=kk esaizfrfnu izkr%dky pVk,aA fexhZnwj gksxhA

ghax] lkSaB] dkyh fepZ] b ak;u (tks Hkh miyCk gks)dksty esaf?kldj ued esa dqN cwansa Vidkus ls fexhZdk nkSjknwj gks tkrk gSA

czkh dk Lojl vkSj 'kgn 15&15 fe-yh- ,d lkFkfeykdj fnu esa rhu ckj fiykus ls fexhZesa ykHk gksrk gSA

Hkquh ghax 10 xzk-] nwk cp 20 xzk-] lksaB 40 xzk-] lsakk ued80 xzk-] ok;foaMx 100 xzk- lHkh dks dwV ihl dj diM+Nudj j[k ysaA bls 3&3 xzk- dh ek=kk esa lqcg 'kke lsou djusls fexhZ esaykHk gksrk gSA

&".k eqjkjh izlknfnO; ulZjh] iratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

Mk;uklksj nqfu;k ls foyqIr gks pqds gSaA muls igys dstho&tUrq Hkh vc fdLls&dgkfu;ksadk fgLlk gSA ysfdu,d isM+ dh iztkfr] tks Mk;uklksj ls igys Hkh Fkh] vkt Hkhftank gSA blh iztkfr dk ,d isM+ ftaxks ckbZyksok d'ehj esa[kM+k gS ] ysfdu vc vfLrRo dh yM+kbZyM+ jgk gSA bls ;gkaphuh nj[r dgrs gSaA

Hkwfe dh moZjk 'kfDr dk;e j[kus vkSj lkSan;Z izlk/u lsysdj nok rd cukus ds dke vkus okyk ftaxks ckbZyksokdksfj;k] tkiku ds vykok vesfjdk] ;wjksi esaHkh ik;k tkrkgSA d'ehj ds ykyeaMh {ks=k esafLFkr ;g isM+ nf{k.k ,f'k;kdk lcls iqjkuk ftaxks ckbZyksok gSA bldh vk;qnks lkS lkygSA ;g isM+ Hkh ej tkrk vxj d'ehj ds yksjhdYpjMsoyiesaV ,DlVsa'ku vf/dkjh fiQnk vyh vkyexhj b/j;ku ughansrsA fiQnk us tc ns[kk] ;g iwjh rjg lw[k pqdk FkkAvc bl ij iks vk jgs gSaA bldh 'kk[kkvksals vU; isM+ yxkusdh izf;k Hkh bUgksaus 'kq: dj nhA

fiQnk vyh dgrs gSa fd ;g o{k] isM+ksads fdlh Hkh oxZesaughavkrkA bldk viuk vyx oxZgSA ftaxks ckbZyksok mlhbykds esagksrk gS] tgkaekSle 'khrks".k gksA d'ehj dk ekSle ,slk gh gS] ;gka lky dk vkS lr rkieku 17 fMxzh dsvkl&ikl jgrk gSA tcfd ckfj'k djhc 1100 feyhehVjgksrh gSA tehu dh izfr Hkh ,flfMd gksuh pkfg,A mUgksauscrk;k fd ;g isM+ ikSus rhu djksM+ lky igys Hkh ik;k tkrkFkkA ml le; Mk;uklksj FksA ipgkj yk[k lky igys ;s isM+

mkjh vesfjdk ls Hkh lekIr gks x, vkSj 25 yk[k lky igys;wjksi esaHkh budk ukeksfu'kku ughajgk] ysfdu ckn esavU;txgksals ykdj ;gkbUgsayxk;k x;kA phu dks bldk ?kj ekuktkrk gSA ftaxks ckbZyksok 40 lky ckn iQy nsrk gS vkSj mlhle; blds uj ;k eknk oxZesagksus dh iqf"V gksrh gS A fiQnkus crk;k fd uj isM+ gh T;knk feyrs gSaA muds iks T;knk

[kwclwjr gksrs gSa vkSj fxjus ds le; og Lo.kZi=k tSls utjvkrs gSaA iQy uj isM+ ij Hkh yxrs gSaA mUgksaus crk;k fd gekjsns'k esatkya/j] Vh vkSj nsgjknwu esa Hkh ftaxks ds isM+ gSa]ysfdu ,d ;k nks gh gSavkSj budh vk;qdghaHkh rhl&pkyhllky ls T;knk ughagSA

bl isM+ dk ?ksjk ikSus nks ehVj gS] tcfd dksfj;k esa ik,x, ftaxks dk ?ksjk ikSus lkr ehVj gSA fiQnk vyh ds eqrkfcdtc ;g isM+ mUgksaus ns[kk] rks og yxHkx ej pqdk FkkA isM+dks fdlh us xyr rjhds ls dkVk FkkA mUgksaus blds vkliklfeV~Vh dk pcwrjk cuok;k vkSj bldk mipkj 'kq: fd;kAvc blds fupys fgLls esa 'kk[kk,a fudyus yxh gSaA ;g isM+uj gSA fiQnk us crk;k fd blds ckn iwjh oknh esa djhc 50ftaxks ckbZyksok feysA buesa 30 eknk gSaA mUgksaus crk;k fdbl isM+ ij jsfM;ks ,fDVo fdj.kksa dk vlj ugha gksrkAfgjksf'kek ij 1945 esa ,Vece fxjk FkkA ml le; ogka lcdqN rckg gks x;k] ysfdu ftaxks ckbZykok tyus ds cktowncp x,A


21/60


&oS| lq'kkar feJiratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

gkbZdksysLVkWy dks de mez ls ghfu;af=kr fd;k tk, rks vkidks [krjukdchekfj;ksads gksus dk [krjk ugha jgsxkAeksVkis dh c


22/60


rs y fefJr djds ;k vny&cny djiz;ksx djuk LokLF; ds fy, ykHknk;dgSA ouLifr ?kh] ns 'kh ?kh] eD[ku]ukfj;y rFkk rkM+ dk rsy lar`Ir olkdk HkaMkj gS] blfy, blesa[kkuk idkuk

gkfudkjd gSA gkbMkstsusfVM ouLifr ?kh dk iz;ks x gjfxt u djsaA blesadksysLVkWy dks c


23/60


&vkpk;Z cky".k

;r (ftxj) ds fcuk thou vkwjk gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks ;r (ftxj) dsfcuk ,d iy Hkh ughaft;k tk ldrk gSA ;r dks yhoj vkSj ftxj ds uke ls Hkh tkuktkrk gS A ;g isV ds mQijh fgLls ds nk;saHkkx esafLFkr gksrk gSA 'kjhj dh ;g lcls cM+hxzfUFk gksrh gSA 'kjhj ds vanj fLFkr ;r esaT;knkrj jklk;fud izf;k,alEiUu gksrhjgrh gSaA buls 'kjhj ds fy;s t#jh rRoksa vkSj ,Utkbe dh mRifk gksrh gS A ;gh og LFkkugS tgkaij fik curk gSA fik vkarkas esa olk vkSj olk esa ?kqyu'khy foVkfeu& ,-Mh-bZ dsvo'kks"k.k esaen~nxkj lkfcr gksrk gS A ;r esa'kjhj ds fy;s gkfudkjd inkFkZ] ckgjh tgjvkSj nokvksadks fuf"; djus dh [kwch gksrh gSA ,d o;Ld O;fDr ds ;r (ftxj)dk Hkkj yxHkx 1-5 fdyksxzke gksrk gSA ;r esa] jDr esaFkDdk cukus vkSj ?kksyus okysrRokas dk Hkh fuekZ.k gksrk gS A ;gh og LFkku gS tgkaij dbZfoVkfeuksadk Hkh fuekZ.k gksrkgSA ;s foVkfeu 'kjhj ds fy;s cgqr gh T;knk mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA jDr izksVhu dk fuekZ.k Hkh;r esa gh gksrk gSA vko';drk gksus ij ;r esa jDr dksf'kdkvksadk fuekZ.k Hkh gksldrk gS A jDr Xywdkst ds Lrj fu;a=k.k esa;r eq[; Hkwfedk vnk djrk gS A LoLFk jgusds fy;s ;r dk LoLFk gksuk Hkh csgn t#jh gksrk gSA oSls ;r esa[kqn dks lqjf{kr oLoLFk j[kus dh fo'ks"krk Hkh gksrh gSA ;r ds ckjs esavkidks ,d t#jh tkudkjh ns nsafd vxj 10&20 izfr'kr ;r Hkh cpk gksrk gS rks ;r dk iqufuZek.k gks ldrk gSA

yksxksads chp ;r ds ckjs esa vusd xyriQgfe;kaiQSyh gqbZ gSaA cPpksadks nLr yxusij cPpksads nwk u ihus ij] cPpksads detksj gksus ij vDlj cPpksadh ek,acPpksadksMkWDVj ds ikl ysdj igqapk djrh gaSA pwafd cPpk detksj gksrk gS ] mldk otu de gksrkgS] cPps dks nLr yxs gksrs gSa blfy, cPps dh ekale>us yxrh gS fd cPps dk ;r

(yhoj) [kjkc gks x;k gSA cPpksaesa vDlj mijksDr leL;k,adqiks"k.k vkSj lkiQ&liQkbZij mfpr ;ku u nsus dh otg ls mRiUu gksrh gaS] u fd ;r [kjkc gksus dh otg lsgksrh gaSA bl voLFkk esaMkWDVj vkSj uhe&gdhe budks xqejkg djds buls [kwc iSlk ,saBrsgSaA cnys esaos budks rjg&rjg ds VkWfud vkSj nok;saidM+k nsrs gSaA bl rjg ds cPpksadks VkWfud vkSj nokb;ksa dh vis{kk i;kZIr ek=kk esa larqfyr Hkkstu vkSj lkiQ&liQkbZdht#jr gksrh gS A o;Ldksa esavip dh f'kdk;r gksus ij] isV nnZ] detksjh] nLr gksus ij]Hkkj esa deh gksus ij ;r esa[kjkch vkuk eku fy;k tkrk gSA tcfd ,slk gksrk ughagSAo;Ldksaesa mijksDr leL;k,avU; dkj.kksals Hkh gks ldrh gSaA buds funku ds fy;s lclsigys fpfdRld ls ijke'kZysuk pkfg, vkSj mfpr tkap djok dj jksx dk mipkj djokukpkfg,A

ge vkidks crk pqds gSa fd ;r esa[kqn dks lqjf{kr o LoLFk j[kus dh fo'ks"krkgksrh gS ] ij dbZckj ;r Hkh jksxksads pqaxy esavk tk;k djrk gSA ;r tc lqpk# :ils dk;Zdjuk can dj nsrk gS rks ml voLFkk dks yhoj iQsY;ksj* voLFkk dgk tkrk gSAfcuk mipkj dh voLFkk esa;g n'kk vR;ar ?kkrd fl gksrh gSA yhoj iQsY;ksj gksusdh voLFkk esa'kjhj ds vanj cgqr lkjs uqdlkunsg rRoksadk tekoM+k gksuk 'kq# gks tk;kdjrk gSA bldh otg ls n;] xqnsZ] vkar ij Hkh foijhr izHkko iM+rk gSA ;r dksizHkkfor djus okys eq[; jksx ihfy;k gsisVkbfVl] fljksfll gksrs gSaA 'kjkc dk lsou]vkS"kfk;ksavkSj tgjhys inkFkksds izHkko dh otg ls ;r dSalj jksx Hkh gks ldrk gSA

;r jksx esa viuheuethZ ls dHkh Hkhnokvksa dk lsou ughadjuk pkfg,A gka]

fpfdRld dh lykg dsckn nok t#j ys ldrsgaSA blh ds lkFk gh ;r[kjkc gksus ds ckjs esa tksxyriQgfe;ka iQSyh gqbZ gSa]muls cpdj jgsa vkSj

;r ds ckjs esa foLr`r olgh tkudkjh ikus dh

dksf'k'k djsaA


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dkj.k'kjkc dk T;knk lsou djus ls ;r

{kfrxzLr gks tk;k djrk gSA blls ;rdSalj dh vk'kadk mRiUu gks tk;k djrhgSA vxj 'kjkc dk lsou de dj fn;k

tk;s rks ;r dSalj gksus dk [krjk cgqrde jgrk gSA ftu yksxksa dk ;r igysls gh dqN :X.k gksrk gS] muesa lae.kgksus] ozr j[kus ls Hkh ;r [kjkc gksusdh vk'kadk cu tk;k djrh gSA ekjiQhu]fjiQsEilhu uke dh nokbZ;ka bR;kfn Hkh;r dh dksf'kdkvksa dks csgn uqdlkuigqapkrh gSaA vkidks crk nsa fd vkarksa ls gksrs gq, vehck ijthoh ;k gkbMsfVMjDr ds }kjk ;r esa igqap dj flLV cukus esa liQy gks

ldrs gSaA 'kjkc ds lsou ls gSisVkbfVl ^ch* ok;jl] iaQiwQn;k lae.k o lafer vUu ds lsou djus ls tks gkfudkjdfo"k lzkfor gksrk gS] mlls ;r dSalj gksus dk vans'kk jgrkgSA blds vykok 'kjhj ds nwljs fgLls esa iuik dSalj jDr ds}kjk ;r esa igqapdj dSalj dh mRifk dj ldrk gSA

gSisVkbfVl ,] ch] lh] Mh] bZ jksx fo"kk.kqvksa ds }kjk gekjs'kjhj esa iSQyrk gSA fo"kk.kqvksa ls iQSyus okys bu jksxksa dks^ok;jy gSisVkbfVl* dgk tkrk gSA iznwf"kr ikuh] [kjkc Hkkstu][kjkc is; inkFkks ds lsoutU; lae.k ls gSisVkbfVl , vkSjbZ jksx gksrk gSA

lafer jDr] lafer oh;Z] ;ksfu lzko ds lEidZ esa vkusij gSisVkbfVl ch] lh] Mh jksx gksrk gSA ;g jksx laferlhfjat ls batsD'ku yxkus ij] lafer vkStkj ls xksnuk xqnokusij] lafer vkStkj ls [kruk djokus ij] dku fNnokus ij]ukd fNnokus ij] nkar m[kM+okus ij] vkizs'ku djokus ij]nk


25/60


?kkrd voLFkk gksrh gSA efgyk;sadeek=kk esa 'kjkc dk lsou djrh gSa fiQj Hkhmuesa Hkh ;g jksx iui ldrk gSA

vuqHkwr mipkj ;r 'kksFk(Hepatitis A,B,C)ls

cpko ds fy;s fnO; loZdYi DokFk dklsou djuk pkfg,A ,d ls nks pEeploZdYi DokFk 400 feyh- ikuh esa idkysaA 100 feyh- 'ks"k jgus ij izkr% uk'rs olk;a [kkus ls iwoZ ysuk pkfg,A bl DokFkds lsou ls ;r lcy gksrk gSA bldslsou ls ihfy;k] ;r dh of] ew=kkYirk]lwtu] lokx 'kksFk o isV o isM+w dk nnZgksuk] Hkkstu dk ikpu u gksuk] Hkw[k uyxuk vkfn leLr fodkj nwj gksrs gSaA

fnO; izoky iapke`r 10 xzke] fnO; dklhl HkLe 5 xzke]fnO; Lo.kZekf{kd HkLe 5 xzke] fnO; ve`rklRo 10 xzke]fnO; Lo.kZ clUr ekyrh 3 xzke ysdj bu lc dh 60 iqfM+;kcuk ysaA 1&1 iqfM+;k lqcg uk'rs ls vkSj 'kke dks [kkus ls ,d?kaVk iwoZ 'kgn ;k xeZ ikuh ls ysaA

fnO; vkjksX;ofkZuh oVh 40 xzke] fnO; mnjke`roVh 60xzke] fnO; iquuZokfn e.Mwj 40 xzke dh ek=kk esa ys ysaA rhuksaesa ls ,d&,d xksyh lqcg uk'rs o 'kke dks [kkus ds cknxquxqus ikuh ;k nwk ls ysus ij ;r&'kksFk esa ykHk feyrk gSA

fnO; dk;kdYi DokFk 100 xzke] fnO; loZdYi DokFk

200 xzke ys ysA ,d pEep nok 400 xzke ikuh esa idk ysaA100 xzke ckdh jgus ij lqcg&uk'rs o 'kke dks [kkus ls iwoZysus ij yhoj fljksfll jksx esa iQk;nk igqaprk gSA

fnO; mnjke`roVh 60 xzke] fnO; vkjksX;ofkZuh oVh 40xzke ys ysaA nksuksa esa ls ,d&,d xksyh uk'rs o Hkkstu ds cknxquxqus ikuh ds lkFk fnu esa rhu&pkj ckj ysus ij yhojfljgksfll jksx esa iQk;nk gksrk gSA

iquuZok dh ewy 25 xzke] ';ksukd dh Nky 25 xzke] Hkwfevkaoy dh iapkx 25 xzke ysdj budk 1 I;kyk jl fudkyysaA ;s lkjh vkSf"kfk;ka rkth gksuh pkfg,A lqcg&'kke bl jl

ds lsou ls ihfy;k vkSj fgisVkbfVl dk fuf'pr :i ls uk'kgks tkrk gSA

lkkkj.k jksxksa dks nwj djus ds lkFk&lkFk xksew=k ds lsouls ;r 'kksFk esa Hkh iQk;nk izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA jksxh dks10&15 feyh yh xksew=k dk fu;fer :i ls fnu esa nks ckjlsou djuk pkfg,A xksew=k dks rktk gh vkB rg fd;s diM+sls Nkudj iz;ksx esa ykuk pkfg,A

tM+h&cwfV;ksa ds }kjk mipkj vPNs ids gq, ehBs ns'kh vke dkrktk jl 250 xzke ls 350 xzke rd] xk;dk kkjks".k nwk 50 feyh yh] vnjddk jl o pEep Hkj pk; (Nuk gqvk)

ysdj rhuksa dks dkals dh Fkkyh esa vPNhrjg iQsV ysaA yLlh tSlk gks tkus ijkhjs&khjs ih ysaA 2&3 grs rd lsoudjus ls ;r dks dkiQh ykHk igqaprk gSA vtok;u [kqjkluh ds rsy dkysi djus ls iqjkuh ;r ihM+k Hkh lekIrgks tk;k djrh gSA vkdk'kcYyh dk dk


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Hkkstu ds ckn 7&8 fnu lsou djus ls;r fe u"V gksrh gSaAedks; ds ikSks dk 150&160 xzkeLojl fu;fer :i ls ihus ls cgqrfnuksa ls c


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&oS| lat; xqIriratfy ;ksxihB] gfj}kj

xqnk lacakh jksxksals vfkdka'k yksx ijs'kku gSaA yxkrkj dCtvkSj [kku&iku dh 'kSyh esalkfRodrk u gksus ds dkj.k xqnk lacakhleL;k,avktdy lokZfkd ns[kus dks fey jgh gSaA xqnk esagksusokys fofok jksxksadk izkfrd ,oa;kSfxd rjhds ls mipkj djvki LFkk;h :i ls ykHk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA

Hkxanjey}kj (xqnk) ds pkjksavkSj nks vaxqy ds Hkkx esaoz.k (t[e)dh mRifk dks Hkxanj dgk tkrk gSA Hkxanj dks ukM+h oz.k(uklwj) Hkh dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd blesayEcs le; rd cusjgus okys ukM+h oz.k gksrs gSaA Vs


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ykHk gksrk gSA vf'ouh eqk] vfXulkj f;k djsaAdiky Hkkfr ,oaukM+h 'kksku izk.kk;ke djsaA

dkap fudyuk (xqn Hkza'k)'kkjhfjd :i ls detksj gksus] 'kkSp ds fy, dCt esavfkd

tksj yxkus] nLr dh vfkdrk esaxqnkekxZdh ekalisf'k;kavfu;af=kr ,oaf'kfFky gksdj xqnk dh 'ySf"ed dyk ckgjfudy vkus ds nks"k dks xqnHkza'k dgk tkrk gSA bls dkapfudyuk Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

igpkuxqnk ekxZladh.kZgksus] eka=kfe dk izdksi gksus] v'kZdhckj&ckj mRifk gksus] Hkxanj vkSj dkyh [kkalh ds jksx esaxqnHkza'k vfkd gksrk gS A 'kq:vkr esaFkksM+h lh dksf'k'k ls ckgjfudyh 'ySf"ed dyk Hkhrj pyh tkrh gS ysfdu jksxh dksdCt dh vfkdrk gksus ij 'ySf"ed dyk Hkhrj ughatkrh

gSAizkfrd fpfdRlk vukj ds 100 xzk- ikksadks ,d fdyks ty esamckydj fnuesadbZckj ml ty ls xqnk lkiQ djus ls xqnk Hkza'k dh fofresaykHk gksrk gSAdkyh fepZ5 xzk-] Hkquk thjk 10 xzk- nksuksadks ihldj fnu esanksckj lqcg vkSj 'kke dks eV~Bs ds lkFk lsou djus ls xqnHkza'ku"V gksrk gSA,d xzk- fiQVdjh dks 30 xzk- ty esa?kksy ysaaA 'kkSp ds cknty ls ey}kj lkiQ djus ds ckn :bZ}kjk fiQVdjh ds ty

dks yxkus ls dqN fnuksagh xqn Hkza'k ls eqfDr fey tkrh gSAektwiQy] fiQVdjh] f=kiQyk pw.kZvkSj dRFkk lHkh dks 10&10xzk- ysdj ty esaMkydj j[k nsaA ,d&nks ?kaVs ds ckn diM+sls ty Nkudj ey}kj lkiQ djus ls xqnHkza'k nwj gksrk gSAdey ds iks 5 xzk- vkSj 'kDdj 5 xzk- ckjhd ihldj 10 xzk-ty ds lkFk lsou djus ls xqnHkza'k esacgqr ykHk gksrk gSAccwy dh Nky 100 xzk- dks 500 xzk- ty esamckydj dk&lk eglwl gksrk gSAcoklhj ,d ftn~nh jksx gSA 'kkSp ds le; vfkd tksj yxkus


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30/60


vkfo% lafufgraxqgkpjauke egRine=kSrRlefiZre~A,tRizk.kffe"kPp ;nsrTtkuFk lnl}js.;aijafoKkuk|}fj"Baiztkuke~AA1AA

og xqgk esafNik gS] ijUrqfiQj Hkh izdV :i esagekjs lkeus ghiM+k gS_ dgrs gSaog egku~gS] ijUrqgekjs vkRe&leiZ.k ds fy;smlds ikao rks ;ghagekjs lkeus bl iFoh ds :i esalefiZr gSaA gstM+&psru&txr~A rqe ;g tku yks fd og foKku ls ijs gS]lr~&vlr~nksuksals ojs.; gS ] vFkkZr~csgrj gS] iztkvksaesaog ofj"B]vFkkZr~lcls cs cha/uk gSAA2AA/uqxZ`ghRokSifu"knaegkL=ka'kjaqiklkfuf'krala/;hrAvk;E; rn~Hkkoxrsu psrlk y{;arnsok{kjalksE; fofAA3AAgs lks E;! ^mifu"kn*&:i egku~vL=k&:ih /uq"k dks xzg.k

djds] ^mikluk*&:i rst 'kj dk lU/ku djds] ^Hkxoku~*&:iy{; esayxs fpk ls /uq"k dks [khapdj] v{kj*&:i y{; dk os/dj MkyAA3AAiz.koks /uq% 'kjks kRek cz rYy{;eqP;rsAvizeksu osO;a'kjokUe;ks Hkosr~AA4AAiz.ko /uq"k gS] vkRek 'kj gS] cz y{; gSA vizek gksdj bl

y{; dk os/ djs] fiQj tSls 'kj y{;e; gks tkrk gS] oSls vkRekcze; gks tk;sxkAA4AA;fLeU|kS i`fFkoh pkUrfj{keksraeu% lg izk.kS'p losZ%AresoSdatkuFk vkRekueU;k okpks foeqapFkkerL;S"k lsrq%AA5AA

iFoh] vUrfj{k& vFkkZr~;g fo'kky czkaM*] ,oaeu rFkk lHkhizk.k&vFkkZr~;g Nks Vk ^fiaM*] mlh cz esarkus&ckus dh rjg

vksr&izksr gSaA mlh ,d vkRek dks ifgpkuks&^re~,o ,datkuFk*]vU; ckrsadjuk NksM+ nks& ^vU;k okpks foeqpFk*A nq%[k e;Hko&lkxj ls ikj gksdj ver rd igqpus dk ogh iqy gS&^verL; ,"k lsrq%*AA5AAvjk bo jFkukHkkS lagrk ;=k ukM~;%A

l ,"kksUr'pjrs cgq/k tk;eku%AvksfeR;soa;krFk vkRekuaLofLr o% ikjk; rel% ijLrkr~AA6AAtSls fHkUu&fHkUu vjs jFk dh ukfHk esa tM+s gksrs gSa] tSls

fHkUu&fHkUu ukfM+;kan; esalagr gks tkrh gSa] oSls gh vusd :iksa

esaizdV gksus okyk og fojkV~&iq#"k gekjs n; ds Hkhrj gh fopjrkgSA ml vkRek dk vksadkj ds :i esa;ku djks] rqEgkjk dY;k.k gksxk]xk


31/60


;ksxf"k Lokeh jkenso dsvius iSr`d xkao lSn

vyhiqj igqpus ij xzkeh.kksaus muds Lokxr esa dksbZdlj ugha NksM+hA xzkeh.kksaus mUgsa iQwy&ekykvksa lsykn fn;k vkSj mudkvk'khokZn fy;kA Lokeh

jkenso Hkh viuksa dk I;kjikdj vfHkHkwr FksA xkaoigqpus ij lcls igys

mUgksaus xkao dh feV~Vh dkfryd vius ekFks ij panudh rjg yxk;kA mUgksaus

xzkeh.kksa ls fey&tqy djns'kfgr esa dke djus dhvkku fd;kA Lokeh th

egkjkt vius nknk o firkls Hkh feysA

ftu cqtqxksZadh Lusg Nk;k esaiys&c


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ns'k&fons'k esa;ksx ds egRo dh vy[k txkus okys ;ksxxq# Lokeh jkenso us dSalj dk mipkj [kkstus vkSj mldk lewy

uk'k djus ds fy, lHkh iz frf"Br esfMdy laLFkkvksa dksvkefU=kr fd;k gSA mUgksaus dgk fd ;fn t:jreUn ejhtksadkbykt ;ksx vkSj esfMdy ds feJ.k ls gks lds rks og bl dk;Zdks djus ds fy, rRij gSaA bldh lgk;rk ls ?kkrd chekfj;ksadk fuokj.k 'kh?kz gks ldrk gSA

mUgksaus dgk fd ;ksx iwjh rjg ls foKku ij gh vk/kfjr gSvkSj ,slh dksbZHkh chekjh ughagS ftldk mipkj ;ksx ds ek;els u gks ldsA cl t:jr gS rks chekjh dkdkj.k tkuus dhA fo'o fo[;kr vesfjdk dkstkWu gkfiDl dSalj gkWfLiVy us ;ksx ds lkFkes fMdy dks feykdj dSalj tSlh tkuysokchekjh dk bykt [kkstus dh is'kd'k dh gSAblds ckjs esa fopkj fd;k tk jgk gS A mUgksausdgk fd bl fn'kk esa og [kkst djus ds fy,og vius ns'k ds gh fdlh cM+s baLVhV~;w'kudks izkFkfedrk nsaxsA

mUgksaus iqu% nkok fd;k fd ;ksx djds ns'kvkSj fons'k ds gtkjksaejhtksads dSalj ls eqfDrfeyh gSA blesa vf/dka'k ,sls ejht Hkh Fks tks

fj&daVs al ls ihfM+ r FksA Lokeh jkens o thegkjkt dk ekuuk gS fd dSalj vkSj ,pvkbZohvkt Hkh esfMdy vkSj ;ksx lk/dksads fy,cgl ds eqs gSa] ysfdu bl ckjs esavkeus&lkeuscSBdj ckrphr dh tk, rks budk lek/kufd;k tk ldrk gSA ,pvkbZoh dks Hkh ;ksx ds ek;e ls de;k [kRe djus dk nkok Lokehth us fd;kA mUgksaus dgk fd ;ksxls dqN Hkh vlaHko ughajg tkrkA ,M~l ok;jl lhMh&4 dkmaVds ?kVus ds dkj.k jksx izfrjks/d {kerk de gks tkrh gS vkSj ,slsizek.k feys gSafd fu;fer ;ksx djus okyksa dk lhMh& 4 dkmaV

c


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u;h lnh viuh reke laHkkoukvksads lkFk gekjh ftUnxh esa nkf[ky gks pqdh gS A vkbZ-Vh- ds latky esafleVrh nqfu;k ds liuksa ds lkFk ;g lnh ,M~l ds nq%LoIu dh Hkh lnhcurh tk jgh gSA vkt nqfu;k viuh reke rjDdh ds ckotwn ;fn ,M~l dh egkekjh dk[krjk >sy jgh gS rks ;g fpUrk dk fo"k; gSA ,M~l vc [k;kyh [krjk ughagS] dbZns'kksaesarks ;g ekSr dk i;kZ; cu x;k gS A ,M~l dh fiQ dks gesajkstejkZdh fpUrkvksaesa 'kkfey

djuk gksxk vkSj blls cpus ds jkLrs ryk'kus gksaxsAHkkjr esa ,M~l ij ppkZ yXkHkx nks n'kd igys gh 'kq: gks x;h FkhA ppkZvkSj ckrphr

ds ckotwn ,M~l dks ysdj tks lkekU; izfrf;k vkt Hkh gekjs ;gkanh[krh gS] og veweurhu&pkj ckrksa ds bnZ&fxnZ?kwerh gSA igyh ckr rks ;g fd ,M~l njvly fons'kh chekjhgS vkSj mUeqDr if'peh lH;rk dk ifj.kke gS A nwljk bldk rkYyqd ,d [kkl rcds ls gS]lEekfur nkEiR; thou O;rhr djus okyksa dks mlls dqN [kkl ysuk nsuk ugha gSA rhljh]gekjs ns'k esa LokLF; lqfo/kvksadh deh gSA

jk"V la?k ,M~l ,tsUlh dh u;h fjiksVZds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa ,p-vkbZ-oh-@,M~l ls xzflryksxksa dh la[;k de ughagSA ;s egkekjh nf{k.k vhdk] cekZvkSj fo;ruke tSls ,f'k;kbZ

iz'kkar ns'kksa esa iQSyh gS A ,f'k;k esa o"kZ2005 ds vUr rd ,M~l fo"kk.kq;qDr yksxksa dh la[;k83 yk[k Fkh ftlesaHkkjr dk Hkh uke 'kqekj FkkA fo'o LokLF; laxBu ds vuqlkj viusns'k esa,d [kklh rknkn esayksx ,pvkbZoh ls ihfM+r gSa] ;s yksx ,d rjg ls ekSr dh ltk>sy jgs gSaA

,M~l ds bykt dh laHkkouk,vHkh ryk'kh tk jgh gSaA rc rd tkudkjh vkSj la;e ghgesa,M~l ls cpk ldrk gSA ,pvkbZoh- lae.k dk dksbZbykt ugha] bldk gksuk [krjs ls [kkyhughaA blds cpko dk dksbZVhdk vHkh rd ughacuk gSA ,M~l vkSj ,pvkbZoh nks ,sls 'kCngSaftuds vFkZtkuuk t:jh gSA vxj eksVs rkSj ij dgsarks ,pvkbZoh ikWftfVo gksuk chekjh dhigyh voLFkk gS vkSj ,M~l chekjh dh vfUre fLFkfrA ,M~l* ,Dok;MZbE;wuks MsfiQfl,Ulh

flUMkse* dk laf{kIr :i gSA ,Dok;MZ;kuh ,slk jksx tks [kkl rjg ds O;ogkj ls vkrk gSA bE;wuksMsfiQfl,Ulh dk eryc] 'kjhj ds j{kk rU=k ;k izfrjks/d {kerk dk detksj gksuk vkSj flUMkseds ekus gS 'kjhj ds j{kk rU=k dh detksjh ds dkj.k fofHkUu y{k.kksadk lewgA 'kjhj dhizfrjkskd {kerk ds de gksus ls fofHkUu chekfj;ka'kjhj dks ?ksjrh gSavkSj muls ekSr gks tkrhgSA bl dk;Zdks djus okys ok;jl dks ,pvkbZoh ;k bE;wuksaMsfiQfl,alh ok;jl dgrs gSaA ;gog thok.kqgS tks ekuo 'kjhj dh izfrjks/d {kerk u"V djrk gSA

,M~l ds reke c


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,slk gS tks ;ku nsus ;ksX; gSA ge ;g tku ik, gSafd ,M~ldk ok;jl dSlk gS vkSj ;g fdl rjg viuk lae.k iQSykrk gSA;kuh Vhds u cuus ds ckotwn ge blls viuk cpko dj ldrsgSaA ,M~l dk ok;jl fliQZpkj rjg ls ,d ls nwljs O;fDr rdigqprk gS A cxSj fgiQktr ,pvkbZoh lafer O;fDr ls ;kSu lEidZ

lsA ,pvkbZoh lafer [kwu LoLFk O;fDr dks p


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&Lokeh jkenso

ukfHk ds ikl ,d ,slh fnO;'kfDr fo|eku gS]tks efLr"d dh Hkqrk vFkkZr~ cqf ds dk'kdks mTt~oy dj nsrh gS] ftlls euq"; ds vUnj

fnO; 'kfDr;k dV gksus yxrh gSaA

ew yk/kj p esalfUufgr fnO; 'kfDr dks gh vokZphu rU=kxzUFkksa esadq.Mfyuh 'kfDr vkSj oSfnd lkfgR; esabls czopZl~dgk x;k gSA lk/kj.kr;kk.k'kfDr bM+k o fiaxyk ukfM+;ksals ghokfgr gksrh gSA tc O;fDr la;eiwoZdk.kk;ke ,oa ;ku vkfn ;kSfxd f;kvksadk vH;kl djrk gS] rc lqIr lq"kqE.kkukM+h esa fo|eku vn~Hkqr 'kfDr fodflr

gksus yxrh gSA ftl 'kfDr dk mi;ksxHkksxksaesagks jgk Fkk] og 'kfDr ;ksxkH;kl}kjk :ikUrfjr gksdj oZxkfeuh gks tkrhgSA viQykrwu (Plato) rFkk ikbFkkxksjl(Pythogorus)tSls vkRen'khZ fo}kuksausHkh vius ys[kks a esa bl ckr dk ladsr fd;k gS fd ukfHk ds ikl ,d ,slhfnO;'kfDr fo|eku gS] tks efLr"d dhHkqrk vFkkZr~cqf ds dk'k dks mTt~oydj nsrh gS ] ftlls euq"; ds vUnj fnO;

'kfDr;kdV gksus yxrh gSaAp 'kks/u ;k dq.Mfyuh tkxj.ktks 'kfDr bl cz k.M esa gS] ogh

'kfDr] bl fi.M esaHkh gS&;% fi.Ms lczk.MsA 'kfDr dk eq[; vk/kj ewyk/kjp gSA ewyk/kj p ds tkxzr gksus ijfnO; 'kfDr oZxkfeuh gks tkrh gSA ;gdq .Mfyuh tkxj.k gSA tSls lc txg

fl;ksx ds vUrxZr dq.Mfyuh dktkxj.k 'kfDrikr }kjk fd;k tkrk gS A ;fndksbZije riLoh] lk/uk'khy fl xq# fey tk; s a r k s mud s cyre

^'kfDr&lEikr*] vFkkZr~ekufld ladYi ls 'kjhj esaO;kIr ^ekul&fnO; rst*fleV dj ;ku ds le; T;ksfr ;k f;kdh /kjk lh cudj 'kjhj esa dk;Z djusyxrk gSA vkRe&psruk ls iw.kZ;g rst,d psru ds leku gh dk;Zjr gks tkrkgSA ln~xq# ds 'kfDrikr ls lk/d dksvfr Je ugha djuk iM+rk] mldk le;cp tkrk gS vkSj lk/uk esaliQyrk Hkh'kh?kz kIr gks tkrh gSA ijUrq,sls 'kfDrikr

djus okys fl&iq#"k dk feyuk vR;fkdnqyZHk gSA vr% orZeku esagB;ksx }kjkdq.Mfyuh tkxr djuk egoiw.kZgSA ;|fiJh xksj[kukFk th us ^fl&flkUr ifr*esauo pksadk o.kZu fd;k gS ] rFkkfi N%pksa&ewyk/kj] Lokf/"Bku] ef.kiwj] vukgr]fo'kq vkSj vkKk p ij gh gB;ksx dhlk/uk vk/kfjr gSA bUghaads Hks nu ls lkkd lglz kj esaf'ko dk lk{kkRdkjdjrk gSA "kV~deZ] vklu] k.kk;ke] eqk]

cU/ vkfn f;kvksa }kjk 'kjhj ;ksxkfXu esa 'kq dj fy;k tkrk gSA ey ls HkjhukfM+;ksads p dk 'kks/u k.kk;ke lsgh gksrk gSA k.klk/uk ls ukfM+;ksa ds 'kqgksus ij lk/d R;kgkj ds }kjk bfU;ksadks fo"k;ksals gVk dj vkRekfHkeq[kh djnsrk gSA kkj.kk }kjk eu dh fu'pyrk dslkFk lkkd ipaHkwr&iFoh] ty] rst]

fo|qr~ds rkj fcNk;sgq, gksa rFkk cYo vkfn

Hkh yxk;s gq, gksa] mudkfu;U=k.k esufLop ls tqM+k gksrk

gSA tc eq[; fLop dks vkWu djnsrs gSa] rks lHkh ;U=kksaesa fo|qr~dk okggkssus ls lc txg jks'kuh gksus yxrh gS] blh dkj ewyk/kj p esa lfUufgrfnO; fo|qrh; 'kfDr ds tkxzr gksus ijvU; pksadk Hkh tkxj.k Lor% gksusyxrk gS A

;g dq.Mfyuh 'kfDr oZmRe.kdjrh gqbZtc ij mBrh gS] rc tgk&tgkdq.Mfyuh 'kfDr igqprh gS ] ogkfo|eku

v/kseq[k p oZeq[k gks tkrs gSaA tc;g 'kfDr vkKk p ij igqprh gS] rclEKkr lekf/ rFkk tc lglzkj p ijigqprh gS] rc leLr ofk;ksa ds fujks/gksus ij vlEKkr lekf/ gksrh gSA blhvoLFkk esafpk esalfUufgr fnO; KkukyksdHkh dV gksus yxrk gS] ftls rEHkjkKk dgrs gaSA bl rEHkjk Kk dh kfIrgksus ij lk/d dks iw.kZlR; dk cks/ gkstkrk gS vkSj vUr esabl rEHkjk Kk ds

ckn lk/d dks fuchZt lekf/ dk vlhe]vuUr] vkuUn kIr gks tkrk gSA ;gh ;ksx dh pje voLFkk gSA bl voLFkk esaigqpdj laLdkj :i esafo|eku oklukvksadk Hkh uk'k gks tkus ls tUe o ej.k dscU/u ls lk/d eqDr gksdj eqfDr ds'kk'or vkuUn dks kIr dj ysrk gSA

dq.Mfyuh tkxj.k ds mik;


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ok;q vkS j vkdk'k ij fot; kIrdjrk gSA pHksnu djrs gq, ;ku }kjkdq.Mfyuh dks tkxzr djus ls thokRekije f'ko dk lk{kkRdkj dj ysrh gSAgB;ksx dh pje ifj.kfr dq.Mfyuh tkxj.k

ls p Hksnu dj lglzkj es a f'ko dklk{kkRdkj gSA ;gh ^mUeuh lgtkoLFkk*gSA

vklu&flf gks tkus ij k.k&lkkuk];ku&lk/uk rFkk lekf/ vkfn esaliQyrk'kh?kz gksrh gSA ;kukRed vklu esacSBdj es#n.M dks lh/k j[kus ls lq"kqE.kk lsfudys ukM+h&xqPNdksaesa k.k* ljyrk lsxeukxeu djus yxrk gSA es #n.M ds>qd tkus ls ladqfpr cus Luk;q&xqPNd]

vuko';d vkSj vojks/d diQ vkfn lsfyIr gksus ds dkj.k k.k&os'k ds vHkkols efyu gh cus jgrs gSaA k.kk;ke :ihk.k&lk/uk ls 'kjhjxr k.k dh fo"kerknwj gksdj lerk vk tkrh gS A ;ku&/kj.kk ds lkFk k.kk;ke djus ls loZFke;ksxkH;klh ds k.ke; dks 'k ij HkkoiM+rk gS] ftlls k.ke; dks'k ds leLrHkkx mksftr gksdj jDr ifjHkze.k dksrhozrj djds] LFkku&LFkku ij ,df=kr

gq, 'ys"ek vkfn ey dks iQqiQql] Ropk]vkrksa vkfn ds iFkksa ls ckgj fu"dkflrdjrs gSaA iQyLo:i 'kjhj esa vusd dkjdh fofp=k f;k, gksus yxrh gS a ,oa'kjhj jksekafpr gks mBrk gSA ;ksx esa bls^k.kksRFkku* dgrs gSa] tks dq.Mfyuh tkxj.kdk Fke lksiku gSA blesafo'ks"k :i lsk.k dh xfr'khyrk&tU; Li'kkZuqHkwfr;kgksrh jgrh gSaA vH;kl dh fujUrjrk lsk.kksRFkku ds dk'kiw.kZ mkjkkZHkkx esa

'kjhj esa;=k&r=k dqN dk'k Hkh nh[kusyxrk gS ,oadq.Mfyuh tkxj.k dk mkjk/Z Hkkx kjEHk gks tkrk gSA bl dkjk.k&lk/uk ls k.ke; dks'k dk lk{kkRdkjgksrk gSA lHkh dks'k k.k ls vkc gSa]vr% pksaesavkbZgqbZefyurk vkSj buij Nk;k gqvk vkoj.k k.kk;ke }kjk nwj

gks tkus ls 'kjhjxr pksadk] pksaesagksusokyh f;kvksadk] ;gkdh 'kfDr;ksadk]tgk&rgkdk;Zdjus okys k.kksa] mik.kksadk] b"kqvkSj vf/ifr;ksadk lk{kkRdkj Hkh;Fkkle; gks tkrk gS A k.k lk/uk ds

fujUrj vH;kl ls tc pksaesajgus okyh 'kfDr ij vkf/iR; gks tkrk gS rc]ewyk/kj ls lglzkj rd ^k.k'kfDr* dksLosPNk&iwoZd lapkfyr dj ysus dh lkeF;Z ls leLr pks a dk ,oa mRrjkskjvxys&vxys dks'kksa dk lk{kkRdkj djysuk vfr ljy gks tkrk gSA layXu fp=k&lkS"kqE.k T;ksfr n'kkZrk gS fd k.kk;ke dsfujUrj vH;kl ls fo'kq cuk ukM+h&tky]k.k vkSj lq"kqE.kk dk leLr iFk vkyksfdr

gks mBrk gSA dikyLFk ^lw{e 'kjhj* dkeq[; Hkkx cqf ls sfjr eu dk dk'klq"kqE.kk&'kh"kZds iFk ls c


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lq"kqE.kk ds vax jgL;e;h lq"kqE.kk ds gSaANksVs&cM+s 33 d'ks#vksals cus likZdkjes#n.M esajgus okyh yky jax dh lq"kqE.kk*Hkh likZdkj cuh gqbZgSA lq"kE.kk&'kh"kZ gS]tks efLr"d ls tqM+k gS vkSj bldh iqPNgS] tks iqPNkfLFk ;k xqnkfLFk ls feyh gSAlq"kqE.kk dh vkUrfjd fLFkfr dks Li"Vdj jgk gS& nks d'ks#vksads e; lsfudys ukM+h ;qxy gSa] tks 'kjhj esa tkdjiQSy x;s gSaA lq"kE.kk ds ck vkoj.k dks

dkV dj ns[kus ij bu ukM+h ;qxyksa dhokLrfod fLFkfr Li"V gks tkrh gSA lq"kqE.kkdk O;Lr dVko gSA R;sd d'ks#&;qxy

ds e; esa j[kh ekal&is 'kh dh xhAukM+h&;qxy blh dkj fudy&fudydjiwjs 'kjhj esaiQSy x;s gSaA

ij ls ysdj uhps rd ihB dh vksjlc d'ks#vksads e; esaHkh ekal isf'k;k

yxh gqbZgSA eksVkbZesadkVh xbZlq"kE.kk dkvkUrfjd Hkkx ftlesaedM+h ds tkys lsHkh lw{e Kkuogk* rFkk xfrogk* ukfM+;ksadk tky fcNk gqvk gSA ;g tky pkSchlksa?k.Vs fcuk ,d lsd.M Hkh foJke fy,dk;Zjr jgrk gS A lq"kq"ek rFkk blds lkFk ghnk;sa&ck;as ^fiaxyk* vkSj ^bM+k* uke dh nkseq[; ukfM+;kHkh ij ls pyh vkrh gSvkSj xqnkfLFk ds le{k vkdj fey tkrh gSaAxkBksaesafijksbZgqbZbM+k&fiaxyk ,d ekykor

fn[krh gSaAleLr 'kjhj esa^Kku* rFkk f;k ds

lfEeJ.k ls cuh thouh 'kfDr ds lkjdk eq[; lk/u lq"kq"ek gh gSA

bl dkj ;g Li"V gS fd ewyk/kjp ds tkxzr gksus ij vU; pksadk Hkhtkxj.k Lor% gksus yxrk gS vkS j fnO; 'kfDr oZxkfeuh gks tkrh gS& ;ghdq.Mfyuh tkxj.k gSA oSKkfud 'kCnksaesa dgk tk, rks ;g dq.Mfyuh og

ekul&fnO;&rst gS ] tks 'kjhj Hkj esaO;kIrgSA lk/d dks k.k&lk/uk }kjk pksadk'kks/u] Hksnu o tkxj.k v/ksfyf[kr eq[;mik;ksa}kjk (fdlh lRiq#"k ;ksx lk/d lsf'k{k.k kIr djds) djuk pkfg,A HkfL=kdk k.kk;ke frfnu kr% lk;ade ls de 5 feuV rFkk blds ckndikyHkkfr k.kk;ke Hkh de ls deikp feuV djuk pkfg,A dikyHkkfrk.kk;ke dks kjEHk esadjrs gq, chp

chp esafoJke dj ysaA ,slk djus ijyxHkx ,d ekg esavki fcuk #dsyxHkx ikp feuV rd djus esal{kegks tk;saxsA

HkfL=kdk vkSj dikyHkkfr k.kk;keksadsdjus ds ckn 11 ckj rd ;Fkk'kfDrf=kcU/iwoZd ck k.kk;ke djsaA

;s rhuksavH;kl gksus ij ewyk/kj plfgr leLr pksads 'kks/d rFkk pksals lEc cgkj djksM cgkj yk[k nlgtkj nks lkS nl ukfM+a;ksadh 'kqf dsfy;s frfnu kr% lk;a nksuksa le;

vuqykse&foykse k.kk;ke dk de lsde 5 ls 10 feuV rd fcuk #ds lrr,oarkjrE;iwoZd vH;kl djus dk ;RudjsaA ;fn fdUghafo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr;ksaesak.kk;ke nksuksale; ughagks ik;s rks kr%dkyhu k.kk;ke dks de ls de dHkhughaNksM+saA ;|fi NksM+us ls dksbZgkfuughagksrh] ijUrqtks vkidk y{; gS] mls kIr djus esa foyEc gks xkA blfy,nh?kZdky rd fujUrj JkiwoZd lsfor

vH;kl gh vkidks vius y{; rdigqpk;sxkA kjEHk esa vki vuqykse&foyksek.kk;ke dks VqdM+ksaesadjsaA ;Fkk&,dfeuV k.kk;ke djus ds ckn FkksM+hnsj foJke djsaA iqu% Fkdku nwj gksusij fiQj k.kk;ke vH;kl djsaA blrjg chp&chp esa foJke djrs gq,yxHkx ,d ls nks ekg esavki yxHkx5 ls 10 feuV bl vuqykse foykse

k.kk;ke dks djus esaleFkZgks tk,xsAR;sd k.kk;ke dks djrs gq, R;sd'okl&'okl ds lkFk ekufld :ils vks3e~ dk ekufld ti] fpUru o euu Hkh vo'; djsa] D;ksafdk.kk;ke ,oa;ku dk vR;Ur ?kfu"BlEcU/ gSA k.kk;ke ds }kjk vR;Urpapy eu Hkh Lor% ,dkxz gks tkrkgS vkSj ,dkxz gqvk eu tc vksadkj esalekfgr gksrk gS rks ;ku o lekf/

dk vkuUn lgt gh kIr gksus yxsxkAiwoZ fufnZ"V fof/;k djus ds cknlgtrkiwoZd ukd ds uFkquksa ij fcukgkFk yxk, gh ukM+h 'kks/u k.kk;kedk vfr 'kuS% 'kuS% vH;kl djsaAR;sd 'okl ds lkFk eu gh eu]vksadkj dk vFkZ iwoZd ti] fpUruvkSj euu djrs jgsaA bl rjg 3 ls


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11 ckj rd ukM+h 'kks/u k.kk;ke Hkhvo'; djsaA

vUr esak.k ds lkFk eu dks ,dkxzdjds vUr;kZ=kk djsaaA bl dkj k.k dslkFk vksadkj ds fujUrj ;ku ls vki

;ks x ds mPpre f{kfrt rd igqpldsaxsA vksadkj ds ti&;ku ds }kjkeiwoZd mRiUu dEiu ewyk/kj p*esafofp=k lh xqnxqnh mRiUu djrs gSa]xqnxqnh ;k g"kZnk;d ;s ygjsa^k.ke;dks 'k* (Luk;q e.My) ds ek;e ls^Lokf/"Bku&p* esa ^rfM+ r* uked(k.k dh rkM+uk ls mRiUu dEiu)fo|qUe;&dEi dV gksdj ukfHk esa,d ukn* (vLiQqV&'kCn) mRiUu dj

nsrs gSaA ftlls mnj esa fo'ks"k&m"ekrhr gksrh gS A mnj esamRiUu gqbZm"ekladYi esaifj.kr gks tkrh gSA ti&;ku ds }kjk mRiUu fo'ks"k dkj dkvk?kkr&dEiu Luk;q e.My ds }kjkfo|qr~&ygfj;ksads :i esak.ke;&dks'kesatc fo"V gksrk gS rc dksbZokg

gekjs efLr"d ls pydj Luk;qe.Myds }kjk ukfHkxr ef.kiwj&p dks Hkkfordjrk gSAvksadkj ds ti&;ku dk rkRi;Z;gh gS

fd ^k.k* dks fuEu ls mBkdj mPp Lrj

esays tk;k tk, ,oa^eu* dks k.k dsf;ke; {ks=k ls mBk dj foKkue; dks'k*ds rFkk eu&cqf* dks vkuUne; dks'k dsLrj esaykdj fLFkj dj fn;k tk, vFkkZr~e'k% nsg k.kkfn ds vH;kl dk vHkkodjrs gq, k.ke;*] eukse;*] foKkue;*dks'kksa dks yka ?krs gq , 'kjhj esaiQSyh^vkRepsruk* dks lesV dj mls n;&xrfp=k dh cuk yh xbZ^vkuUnkuqxr* rFkk^vfLerkuqxr* lekf/;ksaesafLFkj dj nsuk

vFkok Lo;amlesafLFkr gks tkukA.ko ds vykok osnksa ds lcls egku~eU=k xk;=kh dk ;ku fd;k tk ldrk gS Alk/d vius efLr"d esadiky ds vUnj;ku dh nf"V ls ns[kus dk ;kl djsvkSj ^;ku* djs fd esjk efLr"d blle; ^fnO; dk'k* ls Hkj jgk gS] vc

ifjiw.kZ gks x;k gS ] esjs clUrh&lqugjh jaxokys cqfe.My esaVkpZ ds leku ca/hfnO;yksd ls vk jgh pknuh tSlh ,dvfr /oy T;ksfr fo"V gks jgh gSAfoKkue;&dks 'k dh Lokfeuh cqf ds

ije lkfod leq TToy cu tkus ls bfU;&jkt ^eu* ,oamlds v/huLFk^bfU;k* Lor% fueZy&'kq&ifo=k curhtk jgh gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esafnu&jkr efLr"dvkSj n; esavkuUn ,oaije'kkUr vikjT;ksfr dk ikjkokj fgyksjsaysrk jgrk gSA

vksadkj&ti ;k xk;=kh ti ds vykoklk/d pkgs rks ^fnO; vkyksd* dk ;kudj ldrk gS A egkrstLoh lglzk{k Hkxoku~eq>s ^czrst* nku dj jgs gSavkS j czrst

n; esalw;Zds leku nsnhI;eku gks jgk gSvkSj fo'kq lkSE; T;ksfr ds :i esaog bZ'kesjs le{k gS] esjh vkRek esadV gSA ;gfnO;re T;ksfr esjs thou iFk dks vkyksfdrdjrh gqbZthou&i;ZUr esjs le{k] esjs lkFkcuh jgs] ;gh dkeuk gksuh pkfg,A

- la- iqLrd dk uke ew Y;1- oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKku(fgUnh] vaxzsth] caxkyh] xqtjkrh] rfey) 110@&

2 oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKkuxHkZorh efgykvksads fy;s (ikVZ&1] 2) 110@&

3- oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKku(thou 'kSyh] eksVkis] eLdqyj fMLVkiQh] vLFkek] peZjksx] ikfdZUlu ,oaiSjkykbfll]

ihfy;k] ekbxzsu] mnj jksx] dCt ,oa coklhj] us=k] dSalj] mPp jDrpki] e/qesg] liQsn nkx]

fu%larku ds fy,] es#n.M ds fy,] n; ds fy,] cPpksa ds fy,] fofo/ jksxksa ds fy,) iz R;sd #- 60@&

4- oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKku vkRecks/ 60@&

5- oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKku lksyg laLdkj 60@&

6- oh-lh-Mh- ;ksx foKku lkIrkfgd ;ksxppkZ (7 lh-Mh- iSd) 350@&

7- Mh-oh-Mh- ;ksx foKku 199@&8- fnO; Lrou vkWfM;ks dSlsV(fgUnh) 50@&

9- xk;=kh ea=k vkWfM;ks dSlsV(fgUnh) 30@&

10- ;ksx funzk vkWfM;ks dSlsV(fgUnh) 30@&

11- oSfnd la;k vkWfM;ks dSlsV(fgUnh) 30@&uksV % mijksDr lHkh dSlsV~l ^fnO; ;ksx lk/uk* ds ukeD.D.tks gfj}kj esans; gks ;k euhvkMZj Hkstdj izkIr dj ldrs gSaA

(dksfj;j [kpZ vfrfjDr Hkstsa)

fnO; ;ksx efUnjfnO; ;ksx efUnjfnO; ;ksx efUnjfnO; ;ksx efUnjfnO; ;ksx efUnj VLVVLVVLVVLVVLV dsdsdsdsds vkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsVvkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsVvkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsVvkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsVvkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsV


39/60


&MkW- euksgj HkaMkjh,e-ch-ch-,l-],e-Mh- (fiQft;ksykWth)

gekjk 'olu rU=k ukfldk ls 'kq: gksdj ok;qdks"kksard iQSykgqvk gSA ukd ls yh xbZlkal Loj ;U=k vkSj xzluh (iQSfjaDl) ls gksrsgq, 'okl&uyh (VSfd;k) esaigqprh gSA xnZu ls Nkrh esa;g igysnk;sa&ck;sanks HkkxksaesafoHkkftr gksrh gS vkSj isM+ dh 'kk[kkvksa&iz'kk[kkvksadh rjg l=kg&vV~Bkjg ckj foHkktu gksdj 'olu o{k cukrh gSAvfUre 'kk[kk dks VfeZuy czkafdvksy dgrs gSa] ;g Hkh foHkkftr gksdjfiQj iUnzg&chl ok;qdks"k (,vj osfldy) esa[kqyrh gSA ok;qdks"kvaxwj ds xqPNksadh rjg fn[kkbZnsrs gSaA 'okl uyh ds bl o{k dh lHkh'kk[kkvksa&iz'kk[kkvksads lkFk jDr ykus vkSj ys tkus okyh jDr okfgfu;kHkh gksrh gSaA lkal ysus ij iQwyus vkSj NksM+us ij fipdusokys buok;qdks"kksavkSj ?ksjs j[kus okyh lw{e jDr ufydkvksa(dSfiyjht) ds

chp brus irys vkoj.k gksrs gSafd vkWDlhtu vkSj dkcZu MkbZvkWDlkbM dk ysu&nsu vklkuh ls vkSj iyd >idrs gh gks tkrk gSAiYeksujh /euh n; ls v'kq jDr iQsiQM+s rd ykrh gS vkSj ok;qdks"kksaesa'kq gqvk jDr NksVh&NksVh f'kjkvksals iYeksujh f'kjk ds ek;e lsiqu% n; rd igqp tkrk gSA

iQsiQM+s vkdkj esa'kadqdh rjg ij ls ladjs vkSj uhps ls pkSM+sgksrs gSaA Nkrh ds nks frgkbZfgLls esalek, iQsiQM+s Liat dh rjg yphysgksrs gSaA tc ge lkal ysrs gSa] rks Nkrh dh ilfy;k] ekalisf'k;ksadsladqpu ls ij mB tkrh gSavkSj ckgj dh vksj cksadk yxkrkj vkufUnr djrk gS] lkFk gh jDrdk izokg Hkh c


40/60


lsok esa]ijeiwT; Js; Lokeh jkenso th egkjkt!

}kjk &dBkSfr;k ugj ckksaifM+;ksaesa tkdj mUgksaus gekjk gky iwNkA gesacgqr vPNk yxkAekuks dksbZviuk] cgqr viuk gekjs chp vk;k gSA geus lp&lp crk;k fd ge cgqr [kq'k gSaA gesa Hkkstu fey jgk gSA

,d fnu ckn Lokeh th] vki [kqn vk,A vkidks vius chp ikdj ge /U; gks x,A yxk ck


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& MkW Hkokuhyky Hkkjrh;

Hkxoku~Jh ".k }kjk izksDr Hkxon~xhrk ds vkjEHk ds ckjgv;k;ksaesaoDrk dkvge~okn* loZ=k fn[kkbZnsrk gS fdUrq13osav;k; rFkk mlls vkxs ijekRe rRo dk fujis{k o.kZu miyC/

gksrk gSA bu v;k;ksaesavk;s bZ'oj rRo dh vo/kj.kk ls ;gLi"V gS fd xhrk ds izoDrk dks ijes'oj dk ogh Lo:i ekU;gS tks osnksa] mifu"knksarFkk oSfnd n'kZuksadks vfHkizsr gS A mnkgj.kkFkZ]13osav;k; dk 12oka'yksd ns[ksaA ;gka".k loZFkk rVLFk HkkolsLo;adks bZ'oj Hkko ls iFkd~j[krs gq, dgrs gSa&

Ks; ;kRizo{;kfe ;TKkRokere'uqrsA

eSamlh Ks; (tkuus ;ksX;) dks dgwaxk ftls tkudj euq";ve`rRo dks izkIr dj ysrk gSA og vukfn rRo ijcz gh gSA;krO; gS fd osnksarFkk mifu"knksaesave`r dks eks{k dk i;kZ;crk;k x;k gS rFkk Xosn dk uklnh; lwDr Hkh lr~rFkk vlr~(dkj.k :i izfr rFkk dk;Z:i lf"V) dk gh foospu djrkgSA ;tqosZn dk iq#"kk;k; rks Li"V ?kks"k.kk djrk gS&

reso fofnRokfreR;qesfr ukU;% iUFkk fo|rsA 31@18

ml ij ijekRek dks tkudj gh euq"; eR;qls ikj pyk tkrk gSAmlls fHkUu eks{k izkfIr dk verRo izkfIr* dksbZvU; ekxZughagSAfuJs;l izkfIr dh ;g Li"V ?kks"k.kk gSA blls vkxs dk 'yksdloZr%ikf.k;kna(13@13) rks mifu"kn~okD; dk O;k[;ku ;k vokUrjdFku gh gS D;ksafd dBksifu"kn~esablh rF; dksvikf.kiknks touksx`ghrk* dgdj izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fdUrqeryc ogh gS tks xhrk esa

dgk x;k gS A pkSngoka'yksdlosZfU; xq.keklalosZfU; fooftZre~*Hkh blh rF; dh iqf"V djrk gS fd lkekU; bfU;ksals jfgr gksus ijHkh mipkj esaijekRek dk ns[kuk (loZ"Vk gksus ls) vkfn dgk tkrkgSA ror% og fuxqZ.k] fujklDr] fujatu] nz"Vkek=k gSA 15osa'yksd esavk;scfgUrj p Hkwrkukavpj pjeso*dh rqyuk bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kn~ds rn~nwjs r}fUrds* ls dh tk ldrh gSA vR;Ur lw{e gksus ls ogvfoKs; gS rFkk vKkuh ds fy, nwj fdUrqKkuh ds fudV gSA vfoHkDr(,d jl] loZ=k O;kIr) gksus ij Hkh og foHkDr lk yxrk gSA lk/

d mls vius n;ns'k esafojkteku vuqHko djrk gSA og izkf.k ek=kdk HkrkZ(Hkj.k&iks"k.k djus okyk) gSA izy;dky esal`f"V dk lekgkjdjus okyk gksus ds dkj.k lagrkZgS vkSj xzfl".kq(lcdks xzlus okyk)gS] izHkfo".kq(izHkko'kkyh) Hkh gSA

^T;ksfr"kkef.k rTt;ksfr* (13@17) dk Hkko nsus okyk ;g'yksd ;tqosZn ds ea=k (31@18) dk vuqokn lk yxrk gS tgkaml fnO; iq#"k (ijekRek) dks vkfnR; o.kZrFkk va/dkj ls ijs(rel&ijLrkr) crk;k gSA dBksifu"kn~dh Jqfr

^u r=k lw;ksZHkkfr u pUrkjdausek fo|qrks HkkfUr rks;e~fXu%*

dgdj ml ijekRek dks lw;Z] pU] rkjkx.k] fo|qr] rFkkvfXu ln'k Hkkleku inkFkksZals dghamR"V izdk'k okyk rFkkvU; T;ksfr;ksadk dkj.k (mRiknd) dgk x;k gSA bl izdkj oghKku gS ] ogh Ks; gS vkSj mls gh Kku xE; ekuuk pkfg,A (13@17)

dk ;gh vfHkizk; gSAog HkDr ds n; esafojkteku gS&

n`f"V loZL; fof"Bre~(13@17)

izfr&iq#"k foosd& bl izdkj Kkrk vkSj Ks; (ijekRek) dksla{ksi esadg dj xhrk izoDrk us vxys 'yksd 19 esaLi"V dgkfd izfr vkSj iq#"k dk ;g }Sr lka[; n'kZu ds vuqdwy gS A fdUrq;g Hkh Lej.k jgs fd lka[; esaiq#"k in thokRek rFkk ijekReknksuksads fy, iz;qDr gqvk gSA vr% lka[; dk ;g }Srokn oLrqr%osnksDr =kSrokn (izfr] ijekRek] thokRek) gh gS D;ksafd psru

iq#"k ls thokRek rFkk ijekRek nksuksagh vfHkizsr gSaA izfr iq#"k pSo(13@19) esabu nksuksadks vukfn crk;k x;k gSA tM+ izfr rFkkpsru iq#"k ds lkFk&lkFk buls mRiUu vU; fodkjksadks tkuuk Hkhvko';d gSA lka[; esabUghafodkjksa(egr~rRo] ip rUek=kk]ip egkHkwr vkfn) dh foLrr foospuk gqbZgSA ewy dkj.k izfrls vkxs fodflr gksus okys lHkh Hkwr inkFkksZadks tkuuk vko';dgSA iq#"k dks lq[k%nq[k dk vuqHko bl izfr (;k mlds fodkj)ds lkfUu; ls gh gksrk gSA mldk drRo (deZijk;.krk) rFkk


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dk;Zds midj.k (lk/u) lcdk gsrqizfr gS A ;fn rVLFktho izfr ds lEidZesau vk;s rFkk mldk lkehI; ykHk u djsrks mlesadk;Zdjus dh vkdka{kk] #fp rFkk 'kfDr dnkfi ughavk;sxhA izfr ds lkehI; ls gh mlesadr`ZRo vkSj HkksD`rRo ds xq.kvkrs gSaA blh ckr dks vkxs 21osa'yksd esadgk x;k gS &iq#"k%

izfrLFkks fg eqaDrs izfrtkUxq.kku~AijLij ijekRek ds dqN xq.kksavkSj fo'ks"krkvksadh x.kuk djus

okyk 22oka'yksd dgrk gS &

min"VkuqeUrk p HkrkZ HkksDrk egs'oj%A

ijekResfr pkI;qDrks nsgsfLeu~iq#"k% ij%AA

vFkkZr~og ijekRek thoksads deksZadk n"Vk (lk{kh) gSA(rqyuh; Xosn dk ea=k }k lqi.kkZl;qtk ljok;k (ea- 1-164)og tho dh Hkkafr dkkZughagSA og vuqeUrk gSA thoksadks 'kqHkdeZdjus esalEefr nsrk gS] lalkj dk Hkj.k djus okyk gksus ds

dkj.k HkrkZgS] ikyd gksus ds dkj.k HkksDrk Hkh gSA bl 'kjhj esafnu okyk ;g rRo ^ijekRek* uke ls iqdkjk tkrk gSA

27osa'yksd esaijekRek dh loZ=k fo|ekurk fouk'k'khy lalkjesamldk vfou'oj vfLrRo crk;k x;k gSA

loZalosZ"kqHkwrs"kqfr"BUraijes'oje~A

og ijekRek leLr izkf.k;ksaesaleku :i ls mifLFkr gSAvfouk'kh ijekRek dks ikpHkkSfrd u'oj txr~esaloZ=k ns[kusokyk] vuqHko djus okyk gh ;FkkFkZesarRonz"Vk gSaA ml loZK rFkkloZO;kid bZ'oj dks loZ=k ns[kus okyk vkfLrd dksbZ,slk dke

ughadjrk tks mls vkRegUrk (vkRek&ijekRek ds vkns'k dsizfrdwy vkoj.k djus okyk) cuk nsA ,slk gh O;fDr ije xfrdks izkIr djrk gSA 31osa'yksd esaml ijekRek dks izkf.k;ksads'kjhj esajgrs gq, Hkh mlds dk;ksZals iFkd~gksus dh iqf"V esadgk&vr% izkf.k;ksads 'kjhjksaesajgrs gq, Hkh og lk/kj.k thoksadh Hkkafru rks dqN djrk gS vkSj u deksZaesafyIr gksrk gSA

loZxr gksrs gq, Hkh ijekRek vfyIr D;ksagS\ blds mkj esaxhrk izoDrk dgrs gSa& loZ=k O;kid gksus rFkk vR;Ur lw{e gksusds dkj.k tSls vkdk'k] ty] vfXu rFkk iFoh esafyIr ughagksrkAmuls vizHkkfor rFkk iFkd~jgrk gS mlh izdkj nsg esaloZ=k (rFkk

lalkj ds d.k&d.k esa) jgus ds dkj.k ;g ijekRek Hkh loZFkkfufyZIr jgrk gS A (13@32) xhrk ds izoDrk us nwljk mnkgj.k lw;Zdk fn;kA vius izdk'k ls lcdks izdkf'kr djus okyk lw;Zftlizdkj leLr czk.M dks izdkf'kr dj nsrk gS] mlh izdkj ;g{ks=kh (czk.M :ih {ks=k esajgus okyk ijekRek) vius bl {ks=k(czk.M) dks izdkf'kr djrk gSA bl 'yksd dh rqyuk mifu"kn~ds bl ea=k ls djsa&

rL; eklk loZfenafoekfrA

vFkkZr~ml ijekRek ds izdk'k ls gh ;g n';eku lalkjizdkf'kr gksrk gS A og lw;kZfn izdk'keku inkFkksZadk Hkh izdk'kd gS A

ijekRek dh ehekalk okys bl fo"k; dks vkxs 15osav;k; esaHkh mBk;k x;k gSA bl v;k; ds pkSFks 'yksd esaftKklqvtqZu

(lkekU; ftKklq) ls ".k dgrs gSa&rr% inarRifjekx rO;a;fLeUxrk u fuorZfUr Hkw;% (15@4)

gesa ml in dh ryk'k djuh pkfg, ftls ikdj gethou&ej.k ds p esaiqu% u vk;saA bl iz;kstu dh flf dsfy, ge ml iqjk.k iq#"k ijekRek dh 'kj.k esatk;sa(;k tkrs gSa)ftlls ;g lukru lf"V p pyk gS vkSj vkxs (vukfn dkyrd) Hkh pyrk jgsxkA izfr rFkk iq#"k ds bl Hksnokn (}Srokn)dks vkxs 16osa'yksd esa }kfXukS iq#.kS yksds (15@16) esaiqu%dgk fd ;s nks iq#"k (;gka,d iq#"k ls nsg/kjh tho rFkk nwljs

ls izfr dk vFkZfd;k x;k gSA {kj (izfr) vkSj v{kj (tho)dgykrs gSaA tks {kj (izfr) gS mlesalc HkwrinkFkZu'oj 'kjhjvkfn ifjxf.kr gksrs gSatcfd nwljk v{kj iq#"k lnk jgus okykthokRek gSA vkxs ds l=kgosa'yksd esatho rFkk izfr ls loZFkkijekRek dk Li"V mYys[k gS&

mke% iq#"kLRoU;% ijekResR;qmnkr%A

mke iq#"k tks ijekRek gS og izfr rFkk thokRek nksuksalsfHkUu gSA ;g bZ'oj laKd lkk yksd=k; (iFoh] |qyksd rFkkvUrfj{k) dks vius Hkhrj lekfo"V dj mudk Hkj.k&iks"k.k djrhgSA ;gkaijekRek dks r`rh; iq#"k (vU; iq#"kThird Person) esao.kr fd;k gSA ".k dgrs gSa&

bZ'oj% loZHkwrkukan~ns'kstqZu fr"BfrA

og bZ'oj gh leLr izkf.k;ksads n; ns'k esafojkteku gSA ftlizdkj fdlh dkj[kkus ds iz/ku ;a=k dks pykus ls lkjk dkj[kkuk(mldh vU;kU; e'khusa) py iM+rk gS mlh izdkj ;g ijekRe'kfDr lalkj #ih dkj[kkus dk lapkyu dj jgh gSA vr% mlhijekRek dh 'kj.k esatkus dk funsZ'k ".k nsrs gSaA

reso 'kj.kaxPN loZHkkosu HkkjrA

rRizlknkr~ijka'kkfUraLFkkuaizkIL;fl 'kk'ore~AA".k us viuh 'kj.k esavkus dks u dg dj ml ijekRek(reso) dh 'kj.k esavkus dks dgkA mlds 'kj.kkxr gksus ls ghtho dks mke dksfV dh 'kkfUr izkIr gks ldrh gSaA ;gh xhrk dkbZ'ojokn gS A muds vU; vge~ijd dFku tgkaeka] e;k] ;r~] Hk;]ef; vkfn foHkfDr;ksadk iz;ksx gqvk gS og mudh ;ksxk#


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&izksiQslj (MkWDVj) johUnz ukFk feJ

xhrk esa ,slk fo"k; cgqr gh de gS tks dsoy ,dns'kh; vkSj lkekftd gks vkSj tks gS Hkh mudk vk'k; brukmnkj xEHkhj vkSj O;kid gS fd mls fcuk fdlh fo'ks"kvk;kl ds vkSj bldh f'k{kk dk tjk Hkh gkl ;k vfre.kfd;s fcuk O;kid :i fn;k tk ldrk gS] bruk gh ugha]cfYd ,slk O;kid :i nsus ls mldh xgjkbZ] mlds lR;vkSj mldh 'kfDr esa o`f gksrh gSA Lo;a xhrk esa gh ckjEckjml O;kid :i dk ladsr fd;k x;k gS tks bl izdkjns'kdky e;kZfnr Hkkouk ;k laLdkj&fo'ks"k dks fn;k tkldrk gSA bl lUnHkZ esa ^;K* lEcU/h izkphu Hkkjrh; fof/vkSj Hkkouk dks xhrk us nsorkvksa vkSj euq";ksa dk ikjLifjdvknku&iznku dgk gSA ;K dh ;g fof/ vkSj Hkkouk Hkkjro"kZesa yxHkx yqIr lh yxrh gSA ijUrq xhrk esa ;K* 'kCn brukvkyadkfjd] lkadsfrd vkSj rRo dk ifjpk;d gSAnsork&fo"k;d Hkkouk ns'k dky e;kZnk vkSj fdaonUrh ls

bruh eqDr vkSj brus iw.kZ :i ls lkoZHkkSe vkSj nk'kZfud gSafd ge ;K vkSj nsork nksuksa dks euksfoKku vkSj izfr dslk/kj.k fo/ku ds O;kogkfjd rF; ds :i esa lgt ghxzg.k dj ldrs gSa vkSj mUgsa izkf.k;ksa es a ijLij gksus okysvknku&iznku ,d nwljs ds fgrkFkZ gksus okys cfynku vkSjvkRenku ds fo"k; esa tks vk/qfud fopkj gSa mu ij ?kVkldrs gSa fd buds vFkZ vkSj Hkh mnkj vkSj xEHkhj gks tk;];s vf/d lPps vk;kfRed vkSj xEHkhjrk vR;f/d foLrh.kZlR; ds izdk'k ls izdkf'kr gks tk;saA

xhrk esa tgka lka[; vkSj ;ksx dh ckr vkrh gS ogka ge

xhrk ds ,d iq#"k dk izfriknu djus okys osnkUr ds lkapsesa


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,d gh vO;;] fo'kq] lukru vkRerRo vf[ky czkaMdh fLFkfr dk vkJ; gS] xhrk dk flkar ek;kokn Hkh ughagS ;|fi blds er ls txr~ esa f=kxq.kkfRed izfr dh ek;kloZ=k iQSyh gSA

xhrk dk flkar fof'k"VkSrk vkSj lka[; Hkh ugha gSA ;|fi

blds er ls ;g l`f"V txr~ izfr&iq#"k ds la;ksx ls gh cukgSA xhrk dk flkUr oS".koksa dk bZ'ojokn Hkh ugha gSA ;|fiiqjk.kksa ds izfrik| Jhfo".kq ds vorkj Jh".k gh bldsijekjk; nsokf/nso gSa vkSj buesa vkSj vfunsZ'; czk esa dksbZrkfRod Hksn ugha gS] u cz dk ntkZ fdlh izdkj ls Hkh bu^izkf.kuka bZ'oj%* ls pk gh gSA xhrk ds iwoZ mifu"knksa esa tSlk leUo; gqvk gS oSlk gh xhrk dk leUo; gS tksvk;kfRed gksus ds lkFk&lkFk ckSfd Hkh gS blfy, blesadksbZ,slk vuqnkj flkUr ughavkus ikrk tks bldh lkoZykSfddO;kidrk esa ck/d gSA ftlls leLr vk;kfRed lR; vkSj

vuqHkwfr ds txr dh >kadh feyrh gS vkSj bl >kadh esa mlij fnO; /ke ds Bkao ;FkkLFkku fn[kkbZ iM+rs gSaA

osnkUr leUo; ls xhrk dk vkjEHk gksrk gS vkSj bldsewyHkwr flkUrksa ds vk/kj ij xhrk us izse] Kku vkSj deZbu rhu egku lk/uksa vkSj 'kfDr;ksa dk ,d leUo; lkfcrfd;k gSA xhrk fnO; thou dks mlds lHkh {ks=kks a esa mn~?kkfVrdjkus ds fy, 'kjhj rFkk ekul ri dk mi;ksx djrk gS vkSj ;g ckr xhrk esa dsoy izklafxd :i ls fdlh dnjvU;euLdrk ds lkFk gh dgh x;h gSA blds vfrfjDr blleUo; esa euq"; ds Hkkxor iw.kZrk dks izkIr dj ldus dh

ml Hkkouk dks viukus dh ps"Vk dh x;h gSA ftl ij oSfndf"k rks vf/dkj j[krs Fks ij ihNs ls] e;dky esa ftldhmis{kk gksrh x;hA mkjdky esa ekuo fopkj] vuqHko dk tksleUo; gksxk mlesa fu'p; gh bl Hkkouk dk cgqr cM+kegRoiw.kZ LFkku gksxkA

xhrk dk v;;u vkSj Jh vjfoUn th ds xhrk izcUk*ds vk/kj ij ;g fu"d"kZ fudyk fd & ^xhrk ds v;;udjus esa gekjk ms'; blds fopkjksa dk ikafMR;iw.kZ ;k'kkL=kh; vkykspuk djuk vFkok blds nk'kZfud flkUr dksvk;kfRed vuqla/ku ds bfrgkl ds vanj ys tkuk ugha gS]u gh blds izfrik| fo"k; dks rdZ dh dlkSVh ij j[kdjfopkj djuk pkfg,A

ge xhrk ds ikl lgk;rk vkSj Kku dk izdk'k ikus dsfy, vkrs gSaA blfy, gekjk ms'; gksuk pkfg, fd gesa blesals bldk lPpk vfHkizk; vkSj thrk&tkxrk lans'k feysa] ogvlyh pht feys ftls euq"; tkfr viuh iw.kZrk dk vkSj viuhmPpre~vk;kfRed vfHkO;fDr dk vk/kj cuk ldsA

cPpksa! fo|k izkfIr ds fy;s fo|kFkhZdks dfBu riL;k(esgur) djuh iM+rh gSA egkHkkjr esafy[kk gS&lq[kkFkhZ ;LR;tsf}|kafo|kFkhZ ok R;tsRlq[ke~]lq[kkfFkZu% dqrks fo|k dqrks fo|kfFkZu% lq[ke~Atks lq[k pkgrs gSa] os fo|k dks izkIr ughadj ldrs vkSj

tks fo|k;;u pkgrs gSa] mUgsalc izdkj ds lq[kksadk R;kxdjuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA ;fn dksbZ ;g pkgs fdfo|k;;u ds le; og lc izdkj ds lq[k izkIr dj ys]vkSj lkFk gh fo|k Hkh i


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&MkW- t;nhi vk;Z

ty gh thou gSA ;g izkf.k;ksa ds thou dk vk/kj Hkh gS Aty oLrqr% cgqr ls dk;ksds fy, vko';d gS vkSj LoPNrkds vk/kj ij ;g fHkUu&fHkUu izdkj ls iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A ?kjds mi;ksx ds fy, cgqr LoPN ty iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~?kjsywmi;ksx esa nqxZU/ jfgr] fdVk.kqjfgr] fodkj jfgr tydh vko';drk jgrh gS] tks gekjs ihus ds fy,] Hkkstu cukusds fy,] ugkus vkfn ds fy, mi;ksx gksrk gS vFkkZr~ufn;ksalsty ysdj fuxe@uxj&ikfydk;sa ty dk 'kks/u djrh gSa,oabls xg mi;ksx gsrqrS;kj djrh gSaA unh dk lh/k ty tgk[ksrksadh flapkbZds fy, mi;ksx gksrk gS] ogkty ls tkZdsmRiknu dk Hkh dk;Zgksrk gS A Hkkjr dh vk/h ls vf/d LokLF;lacakh leL;kvksadk ,dek=k dkj.k ty fodkj gSA ty dsfodkj ls gStk] VkbZiQkbZM] laxzg.kh] isfp'k] gsisVkbfVl] vkrksadsjksx ,oa okW;jy (thok.kqtud) tSls izk.k?kkrd jksx gks tkrs gSaA

lkekU;r% uxj fuxe }kjk ty dh Dyksfjus'ku dh tkrh gS ]ftlls ty dks iznwf"kr djus okys cSfDVfj;k lekIr gks tkrs gSaijUrqokW;jl lekIr ughagksrsA ;s okW;jy jksxksads dkjd gksrs gSaAlhojst VhVesaV IykaV esatgk?kj ds ckFk:e] VkW;ysV] gkWfLiVy]yk.Mh bR;kfn dk ty vkrk gS ] ogha o"kkZ dk ty Hkh lhojstds ek;e ls lhojst VhVesaV IykaV esa vkrk gS A lkekU;r% Hkkjresa bl izdkj ds lhojst dks fcuk VhVesaV IykaV ds lh/k ukyksa

esa NksM+ fn;k tkrk gS vkSj os ukys utnhdh unh esaMky fn;stkrs gSatks oLrqr% ufn;ksads iznw"k.k dk lcls cM+k dkj.k gSAbuesa ikWyhFkhu vkSj flYoj iQksbZy vkSj vkS|ksfxd jlk;u ?kkrdty fodkjd gSaAlek/ku %

bl izdkj ds lhojst dks VhVesaV ds }kjk nks HkkxksaesackaV fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA Bks l voLFkk ds vR;kf/d fodr ,oatgjhyk ,oa ?kkrd ty vyx djds lk/kj.kr% lkekU; tydk ukWu VkWfDld vdkcZfud ty dks ikS /ksa,oa[ksrksadh flapkbZds fy, iqu% bLrseky dj ysuk pkfg;sA

xaxk eS;k Hkkjrh; laLdfr dh izrhd gSA bldk ty izkphudky ls gh eks{kdkjd ds :i esa] rkj.kgkj ds :i esa vf[kytxr~esa iz fl gSA ,sls ty esa iznw "k.k O;kIr u gksos blnf"Vdks.k ls lekt esa fuEu eq[; fcUnqvksaij tu&ekul rS;kjdjuk gksxkAdpjk&laxzg.k %G xaxk ds ?kkVksaijBio-degradable waste ds fy;s gjk jax dkdwM+k&nku j[kk tk;s rFkk bl dpjs dks dpjk&izcU/u la;=k

rd igqWpk;k tkosAG xaxk ds ?kkVksaijBio-non-degradable waste ds fy, ihysjax dk dwM+k&nku j[kk tk;s ftlesa ikWyhFkhu bR;kfn MkyhtkosaA bls xgjs xM~


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foHkkxk;{k dks nsosaAJenku %1- vki uxj fuxe dk lg;ksx ysdj]2- lekt lsoh laLFkkvksa dks lkFk ysdj]3- fo|kfFkZ;ksadks fo'ks"kr% ,u-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-lh-] jsM&kWl

ls tqMs+ gq;s lkfFk;ksa dks lkFk ysdj lIrkg esa de ls dejfookj dks 2 ?k.Vs xaxk ?kkV ij Je&nku djsaAftykf/dkjh egksn; ls

Yog Sandesh December 08 Hindi1

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