Yankee Shower Design€¦ · Patternator Test Results-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 Target Position...
Transcript of Yankee Shower Design€¦ · Patternator Test Results-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 Target Position...
Yankee Shower DesignA New Perspective
Presented by:Ralph LichtenbergTissue and Towel Applications Project ManagerSolenis
Safety First!
Interlock Yankee showers
Showers must not run on a stationary dryer
Some Background
• Before mid 1980’s - Yankee showers uncommon– Yankee coating from wet end– Poor control– Grade dependent
• Yankee showers are now standard– Large effort in chemistry – ongoing– Little development of showering dynamics
Yankee Coating Objectives1. Uniformity across dryer
» Shower geometry» Nozzle selection» Header pressure
2. Droplet size distribution» Nozzle selection» Header pressure
3. Water spray volume (condensing load)» Nozzle selection» Header pressure
Classical Shower Header Design• Step 1
D
αh
Single Coverage
D
Single Coverage
D
D
Single Coverage
D
D
Double Coverage
½ D
D
Double Coverage
½ D
D
Triple Coverage
⅓ D
D
Uniform Coverage
00.5
11.5
2
3 8 13 18 23 28
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05
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Uniform CoverageCoverage assumption…
FlatUniform
Exact1X, 2X, 3XCoverage
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5
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Shower PerformanceCoverage assumption…
Parabolic
Shower Performance
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Double Coverage
Shower Performance
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Triple Coverage
0
5
1
5
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Shower PerformanceCoverage assumption…
NormalDistribution
Shower Performance
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Double Coverage
Shower Performance
0.00
0.05
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0.30
0.35
‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Triple Coverage
Patternation
Patternator Test Results
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300Target Position - Millimeters from Centerline
Test Curve, 7" to Target, 60 PSI
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
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14%
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Spra
y Vo
lum
e Pe
rcen
t
Target Position - Millimeters from Centerline
Spray Flow Distribution Data
Mfg. Curve, 10" to Target, 3 Bar (43.5 PSI)
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300Target Position - Millimeters from Centerline
Test Curve, 7" to Target, 40 PSI
Yankee Nozzle Survey
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Shower Performance – 11001, 60 psi, 6-inches
Coverage assumption…
ActualPer Spraying Systems Test Number 2009T12
Double Coverage10” centers
Shower Performance – 11001 - DOUBLE
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Triple Coverage6.7” centers
Shower Performance – 11001 - TRIPLE
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Optimized Coverage5.7” centers
Shower Performance – 11001 - OPTIMIZED
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0.40
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~1/4" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
Case StudyOld shower graph New shower graph
0.00
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0.45
‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~1/4" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
0.00
0.05
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0.15
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0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~1/4" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
Case Study
Coating Appearance
Coating Flow
After
Uniform
4.0 mg/m2
Before
Streaky
6.4 mg/m2
Coefficient of Variance
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Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in1/4" W
ide Increm
entsat Indicated Po
sitio
n
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Spray Pattern
Shower Performance – CV Curve
02468
1012141618
4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Coeffic
ient of V
ariance (%)
Distance from Nozze Tip to Yankee Surface (inches)
Coefficient of Variance (Cv) for Nozze type ‐ 11001 at 6" Spacing
Shower Performance – CV Map
4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.04.0 7.77 3.3 2.61 2.61 3.31 2.09 0.78 1.42 1.42 0.92 1.87 48 3.194.5 18.9 7.77 3.3 2.61 1.7 3.31 2.99 2.09 0.78 1.42 1.42 41 2.735.0 24.5 15.7 7.77 3.3 3.49 1.7 2.61 3.31 2.99 2.09 0.78 37 2.475.5 23.7 23.1 15.7 7.77 2.33 3.49 1.7 2.61 3.31 2.99 2.09 34 2.276.0 19.4 24.5 21.8 15.7 7.77 2.33 3.49 2.61 1.7 3.31 3.31 31 2.076.5 15.5 22.1 24.7 21.8 15.7 7.77 2.33 3.49 2.61 1.7 2.61 29 1.937.0 11.6 17.9 23.7 24.5 21.8 11.7 7.77 2.33 3.3 2.61 1.7 27 1.807.5 10.4 14.4 19.4 24.5 24.5 18.9 11.7 7.77 2.33 3.3 3.49 25 1.678.0 12.3 11.6 16.5 22.1 24.5 23.1 18.9 11.7 7.77 2.33 3.3 24 1.608.5 17.2 10.4 14.4 17.9 22.1 24.7 23.1 18.9 11.7 7.77 2.33 22 1.479.0 23.1 12.3 10.9 15.5 19.4 23.7 24.5 21.8 18.9 11.7 7.77 20 1.339.5 15.5 10.4 12.9 16.5 20.6 24.5 24.5 21.8 15.7 11.7 19 1.2710.0 21.1 12.3 10.9 14.4 19.4 22.1 24.5 24.5 21.8 15.7 19 1.27
Cv Table for 1100067 nozzles at 40 psig Number of
Nozzles Required
Total Shower Flow (gpm)
Spacing (inches)
Nozzle to Target Distance (inches)
Oscillation
• Proper spray distribution – no oscillation needed
• Poor spray distribution – oscillation may help … or hurt
• To compensate for poor spray:
– Stroke = ½ nozzle spacing– Linear oscillator, not sinusoidal “crank arm”
Shower Performance6-inch nozzle spacing
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0.14
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‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~0.14" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
Shower Performance6-inch nozzle spacing 4-inch oscillation
0.00
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0.08
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0.14
0.16
‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~0.14" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
Shower Performance6-inch nozzle spacing 3-inch oscillation
0.00
0.02
0.04
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0.14
0.16
‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270
Spray Delivery Ra
te (G
PH)
in~0.14" W
ide Increm
ents at Ind
icated
Position
Yankee Dryer Face Position (Inches)
Yankee Coating Shower Assessment
Summary
• Safety first! – Interlock Yankee showers
• Single, Double, Triple coverage ≠ good coverage
• Optimization requires patternation
• Optimization means minimization of Cv
• Oscillation is not necessary for an optimized shower
Thank youPRESENTED BY
Ralph LichtenbergTissue and Towel Applications Project [email protected]
Yankee Shower Designa New Perspective