XSLT XSLT: eXtensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations
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XSLT XSLT: eXtensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations - a language for transforming XML documents into any text-based format (e.g. HTML, plain text, another XML, etc.) - Why do we need to learn it? - A typical work flow: legacy data source > XML > XSL transformation > application/Web browser XPath - a language for navigating in XML documents (XSLT uses XPath to find information in an XML document. XPath is used to navigate through elements and attributes in XML documents)
description
XSLT XSLT: eXtensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations - a language for transforming XML documents into any text-based format (e.g. HTML, plain text, another XML, etc.) - Why do we need to learn it? - A typical work flow: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of XSLT XSLT: eXtensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations
XSLT
XSLT: eXtensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations - a language for transforming XML documents into any text-based format (e.g. HTML, plain text, another XML, etc.)
- Why do we need to learn it? - A typical work flow: legacy data source > XML > XSL transformation > application/Web browser
XPath - a language for navigating in XML documents (XSLT uses XPath to find information in an XML document. XPath is used to navigate through elements and attributes in XML documents)
XSL-FO - a language for formatting XML documents
How Does It Work:
XSLT stylesheet
XML documentXSLT
processorTransformed XML/HTML
document
An XSLT processor can be built into a web browser, or can be a standalone program run from the command (e.g. SAXON or Apache Xalan)
Example source XML file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xml
XSLT stylesheet:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xsl
Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_xsl.xml
Result XML file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_ex1.xml
Example source xml file:Example source xml file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xml
XSLT stylesheet:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xsl
Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_xsl.xml
Result XML file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_ex1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<catalog> <cd> <title>Empire Burlesque</title> <artist>Bob Dylan</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1985</year> </cd>
. . .
</catalog>
Example source xml file:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xmlXSLT stylesheet:XSLT stylesheet:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xslLink the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_xsl.xmlResult XML file:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_ex1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th align="left">Title</th> <th align="left">Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Example source xml file:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xmlXSLT stylesheet:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xslLink the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_xsl.xmlResult XML file:http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_ex1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type=“text/xsl" href="cdcatalog.xsl"?>
<catalog> <cd> <title>Empire Burlesque</title> <artist>Bob Dylan</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1985</year> </cd>
. . .
</catalog>
Example source XML file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xml
XSLT stylesheet:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xsl
Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_xsl.xml
Result XML file:Result XML file:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog_with_ex1.xml
<html><body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"><tbody> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th align="left">Title</th> <th align="left">Artist</th> </tr> <tr><td>Empire Burlesque</td> <td>Bob Dylan</td> </tr> … </tbody></table></body></html>
Template Rules
• An XSL style sheet consists of one or more set of rules that are called templatestemplates.
• Each templatetemplate rule tells the XSLT processor how to handle the specific elementselements in the input XML document.
Template Rules (Example)
<xsl:template match=“/”> root element
<xsl:template match=“catalog/cd”> sub-element “cd” of “catalog”
</xsl:template>
…
<xsl:template match=“cd”>
title: <xsl:value-of select=“title”> value of element “title”
</xsl:template>
Structure of a stylesheet
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl=“http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform” version=“1.0”> ……
<xsl:template match="pattern"> \ template > a template rule </xsl:template> / …… <- other templates></xsl:stylesheet>
Processing Model
For a given input XML document, the output is obtained as follows: - The source tree is processed by processing the root node
- a node list is processed by processing each node in order and concatenating the results
- a single node is processed by: finding the template rule with the matching pattern, and creating result fragment
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?>
<catalog> <cd> <title>Empire Burlesque</title> <artist>Bob Dylan</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1985</year> </cd> …
</catalog>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
XSL:for-each <xsl:for-each select = “node-set-expression” </xsl:for-each>
XSL:if <xsl:if
test = “boolean-expression” </xsl:if>
XSL:sort <xsl:sort
select = “string-expression” data-type = “text” | “number” | “prefixedName” lang = “langcode” order = “ascending” | “descending” case-order = “upper-first” | “lower-first” />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
Greatest Hits Dolly Parton
The very best of Cat Stevens
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd[artist='Bob Dylan']"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
filter
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <xsl:sort select="artist"/> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
The very best of Cat Stevens
Greatest Hits Dolly Parton
SortOn an element
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=“UTF-8"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <xsl:if test="price > 10"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:if> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
Greatest Hits Dolly Parton
if testinside <xsl:for-each>
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="price > 10"> <td bgcolor="#ff00ff"> <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </xsl:otherwise> </xsl:choose> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
The very best of Cat Stevens
Greatest Hits Dolly Parton
Multiple conditional test
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <table border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#9acd32"> <th>Title</th> <th>Artist</th> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="price > 10"> <td bgcolor="#ff00ff"> <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </xsl:when> <xsl:when test="price > 9"> <td bgcolor="#cccccc"> <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise> <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td> </xsl:otherwise> </xsl:choose> </tr> </xsl:for-each> …
My CD Collection
Title Artist
Empire Burlesque Bob Dylan
The very best of Cat Stevens
Greatest Hits Dolly Parton
Multiple conditional test2
XSL:apply-templates <xsl:apply-templates
select=“node-set-expression”
mode=“qualifiedName”>
<!-- (xsl:sort | xsl:with-param)* -->
</xsl:apply-templates>
Without xsl:sort child elements, the default is in document order;
xsl:with-param child elements can be used to pass parameter values to the matched templates
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <h2>My CD Collection</h2> <xsl:apply-templates/> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="cd"> <p> <xsl:apply-templates select="title"/> <xsl:apply-templates select="artist"/> </p> </xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="title"> Title: <span style="color:#ff0000"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </span> <br /> </xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="artist"> Artist: <span style="color:#00ff00"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </span> <br /> </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
<xsl:apply-templates>
My CD Collection
Title: Empire BurlesqueArtist: Bob Dylan
Title: Hide your heartArtist: Bonnie Tyler
Title: Greatest HitsArtist: Dolly Parton
…
<xsl:template match=“person”> <xsl:apply-templates select=“name”/> Born: <xsl:apply-templates select=“@born”/> Died: <xsl:apply-templates select=“@died”/></xsl:template>…
Select attribute value in<xsl:apply-templates>
…Born: 1918Died: 1988…
…
<xsl:template match=“name”> <name first=“{first_name}” initial=“{middle_initial}” last=“{last_name}” />/xsl:template>…
Attribute Value Templates
<name> <first_name>Richard</first_name> <middle_initial>P</middle_initial> <last_name>Feynman</last_name> </name>
<name first=“Richard” initial=“P” last=“”Feynman”/>
Using oXygen XML Editor
Other Issues in Practice
•XPath - a language for finding information in an XML document.
• http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/default.asp
• XPath functions
• Be aware of the “context”
• Namespace (e.g. “dc:author”)• http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-nmspace.html
• http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-nmspace2.html
References:• This PPT is based on XSLT Tutorial at:
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/
• Zvon XSL Tutorial: http://www.zvon.org/xxl/XSLTutorial/Output/index.html
• XSLT reference: http://www.zvon.org/xxl/XSLTreference/Output/index.html
http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xsl_w3celementref.asp
