Xiaolan ZOU
description
Transcript of Xiaolan ZOU
AssociationEuratom-CEA
TORE SUPRA
EAST, China 07/01/2010 Xiaolan Zou 1
Xiaolan ZOU
CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
Heat and Particle Transport Investigation in Tore Supra
with SMBI
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EAST, China 07/01/2010 Xiaolan Zou 2
R(m
)
TS#43248 2D image of Te perturbation during SMBI with ECRH
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 71.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
t(s)
ne(1
01
9m
-3)
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
SMBI Experiments
SMBI experiments setup: Modulation frequency: 1 Hz;
Density: ne: 1.3~3.0x1019m-3
“non-local” transport: Central heating driven by edge cooling (CHEC)
Fig.1 SMBI modulation experiment with ECRH.
Previous Observations
Gentle, TEXT, Impurity, 1995
Kissick, TFTR, Impurity, 1995
Zou, Tore Supra, Pellet 1998
Mantica, RTP, Pellet, 2000
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1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.51.5
2
2.5
3
ne
Te(k
eV)
Observation Diagram for CHEC
with CHEC
withou CHEC
Threshold in density : 2.2x1019m-3
Fig.2 Diagram for the observation of CHEC.
SMBI Experiments
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0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 10.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
r/a
Te (
ke
V)
TS43251
q=1
Te inversion
radius
(a)
t0 = 11.04 s
t = t0 + 45.6 ms
t = t0 + 178 ms
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
r/a
T
e (
ke
V)
TS43251
Te inversion
radius
q=1
(b)
t0 = 11.04 s
t = t0 +45.6 ms
t = t0 +178 ms
Temperature profile comparison between three phases
1) before injection
2) after injection and with ‘nonlocal’ effect
3) after ‘nonlocal’ phenomena disappear.
Temperature Profile
Fig. 3 Temperature profile variation and perturbation evolution with nonlocal effect.
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),(1
trSbTTrVr
Tr
rrt
Teconv
ee
Diffusion Convection SourceDamping
t(s)
R(m
)
TS#43248 2D image of Te perturbation (SMBI+ECRH)
5.04 5.06 5.08 5.1 5.12
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3 -0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
SMBI
Hot pulse
Cold pulse
Fig.4 Time-space evolution of the temperature perturbation during SMBI with CHEC.
t(s)
R(m
)
TS#43253 2D image of Te perturbation (SMBI+OH)
5.04 5.06 5.08 5.1 5.12
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3 -0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
SMBICold pulse
Fig.5 Time-space evolution of the temperature perturbation during SMBI without CHEC.
Cold Pulse Propagation
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t(s)
R(m
)
TS#43248 2D image of dTe/dt
5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3 -40
-20
0
20
40
5.06 5.065 5.07 5.075 5.08 5.085 5.09 0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
t(s)
W(m
)
TS#43248 Width of the cold pulse
5.06 5.065 5.07 5.075 5.08 5.085 5.092.6
2.65
2.7
2.75
2.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
t(s)
R(m
)
TS#43248 Position of the cold pulse
V=7.3m/s
Cold Pulse Propagation
Convection Diffusion
Convection
Diffusion
Strong convection
(heat pinch)
Weak diffusion
(soliton?)
Fig.6 Time-space evolution of dTe/dt during SMBI with CHEC.
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0
0.05
0.1
Am
plit
ud
e (A
.U.)
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.13
3.5
4
R (m)
Ph
ase
(rad
)
42348 Exp.42348 Simu.
43253 Exp43253 Simu.
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.10
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
R(m)
V(m
/s)
43248 V43253 V
Heat Transport with FFT Analysis
with CHEC
without CHEC
Fig.7 Amplitude and phase of the 1st harmonic of the Fourier transform of the modulated temperature by SMBI. Experimental (O) and simulation (-) results.
Fig.8 Parameters (, V) used for the simulation of Fig.6.
with CHEC
without CHEC
Phase sensitive to the diffusivity: .
Weak diffusivity in the case with CHEC.
2
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Particle Transport with FFT analysis
Fig.9 FFT analysis of the density modulation.
Sharp decrease of the particle diffusivity inside of the temperature perturbation inversion region.
Particle pinch velocity observed in both cases. The pinch value in the case with CHEC is one third than that in the case without CHEC.
Barrier for particle transport found around the temperature inversion radius (grey area) for the case with CHEC.
2
4
6
8
10
12x 10
17
Am
plitu
de
1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ph
ase (
rad
)
R (m)
FFT analysis of the density modulation
TS#41632
TS#41628
No NLT
NLT
D=1.3m2/s, V=3.5m/s
D=1.5m2/s, V=5.5m/s
D=0.4m2/s, V=0.4m/s
D=1.1m2/s, V=1.8m/s
q=1
Te inversion region
CHEC
w/o CHEC
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Simulation with Analytical Transport Model
2
4
6
8
Am
plit
ud
e (A
.U.)
TS#41628, SMBI modulation
1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4-0.5
0
0.5
R (m)
Ph
ase
(rad
)
Simu.
Exp.
Simu.
Exp.
Fig. 10 FFT analysis and simulation for density perturbation
Fig. 11 Particle diffusivity D and pinch velocity V used for simulation in Fig.10.
1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.40
0.5
1
1.5
2
D (
m2 /s
)
1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.40
1
2
3
4
R (m)
V (
m/s
)
D (m2/s)
V (m/s)
Barrier
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6 6.1 6.2 6.30.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
t(s)
TS#43248 Confinement time
nli
+30%
6 6.1 6.2 6.30.2
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.3
0.32
t(s)
TS#43253 Confinement time
nli
Energy Confinement
with CHECwithout CHEC
Improvement of the energy confinement in the case with CHEC: +30%
No improvement of the energy confinement in the case without CHEC.
Fig.12 Confinement time during SMBI for the case with CHEC.
Fig.13 Confinement time during SMBI for the case without CHEC.
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Fig.14 Confinement time ratio before and during SMBI as function of the density.
Improvement of the energy
confinement for low density
(ne<2x1019m-3).
No improvement of the energy
confinement for high density.
Better improvement with ECRH.
Energy Confinement
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1 1.5 2 2.5 3ne
t ET/t
ES
OH, w/o CHEC
OH, with CHEC
ECRH, with CHEC
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Rotation Velocity
Fig. 15 Poloidal rotation velocity measured by Doppler reflectometry. High density case withou CHEC.
Fig. 16 Poloidal rotation velocity measured by Doppler reflectometry. Low density case with CHEC.
without CHEC with CHEC
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Alternative Approach
Cold source propagation Strong convection Weak diffusion
),(1
trSbTTrVr
Tr
rrt
Teconv
ee
Diffusion Convection SourceDamping
Alternative Approach Source effect negligible No convection Diffusivity variation effect
Turbulence propagation
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Turbulence Soliton and Zonal Flow
0.48
0.5
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.6
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
-0.2
0
0.2
e [m2/s]
r [m]
t [s]
t (s)
r (m
)
e (m2/s)
0.48 0.5 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.6 0.62
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
Drift-Wave-Zonal-Flow Turbulence Soliton (Z. Gao, L. Chen, F. Zonca, Phy. Rev. Lett., 103 (2009))
Non-linear Schrödinger equation Linear dispersion Non-linear self-trapping by scalar potential well created by zonal flow
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t (s)
r (m
)
Te
0.48 0.5 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.6 0.62
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
t (s)
r (m
)
Te/t
0.48 0.5 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.6 0.62
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7 -20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
Simulation with Turbulence Soliton
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Mechanism Zonal Flow
Is Zonal Flow the mechanism for CHEC and soliton-like
propagation of the cold pulse?
SMBI
Cold Pulse
Drift- Wave
Turbulence
Turbulence Solitons
Hot Pulse
Zonal Flow
Positive
Negative
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Conclusions
CHEC effect observed with SMBI for low density. Similar threshold in density as pellet.
Improvement of the energy confinement by SMBI for low density. Better improvement with ECRH.
Plasma rotation change observed during SMBI for low density.
Weak diffusion and strong convection (pinch) for the cold pulse propagation in the case with CHEC or
Soliton like propagation of the turbulence governed by zonal flow
Simulation qualitatively with turbulence soliton.
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Open Issues
Heat soliton or Turbulence soliton ?
Mechanism for the improvement of the energy confinement by SMBI.
Correlation between CHEC and this improvement.
Coupling between the heat and particle transport.
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0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1-2
0
2
4
6
V
b
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SMBI in OH for low density
Fig. 2 Zoom of the temperature perturbation during and after SMBI.
V=4m/st / s
R (m
)TS43251 Te fluctuation and linearized density
9.9 10 10.1 10.2 10.3
2.4
2.6
2.8
3 -0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
9.9 10 10.1 10.2 10.3
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
nel (
x10
19/m
3)
t (s)
Cold pulse
Injection
Hot pulse
Te inversion
V=3m/s
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Pellet in OH for low density
R (
m)
TS#43251 2D image Te perturbation during pellet
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
17 17.02 17.04 17.06 17.08 17.1 17.12 17.14 17.16 17.18 17.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
t (s)
ne (
10
19m
-3)
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Cold pulse
Pellet
Hot pulse
Fig.4 2D image of Te perturbation with pellet.
V=4m/s
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t (s)
R (
m)
TS#43251 2D image of Te perturbation during SMBI with ECRH
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.21.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
t (s)
ne (
10
19m
-3)
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
SMBI during ECRH for low density
ECRH
SMBI
Hot pulse
Cold pulse
Fig.5 2D image of Te perturbation with SMBI during ECRH.
V=5m/s
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R (
m)
TS#43253 2D image of the temperature perturbation during SMBI in OH 2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
10 10.02 10.04 10.06 10.08 10.1 10.12 10.14 10.16 10.18 10.22.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
t (s)
ne (
101
9m
-3)
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
SMBI in OH for high density
SMBI Cold pulse
Fig.6 2D image of Te perturbation with SMBI in OH for high density.
V=7m/s
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t / s
R (
m)
TS#43253 2D image of Te perturbation with pellet
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
15 15.02 15.04 15.06 15.08 15.1 15.12 15.14 15.16 15.18 15.22.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
t (s)
ne (
10
19m
-3)
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Pellet in OH for high density
Cold pulse
Pellet
Fig.7 2D image of Te perturbation with pellet in OH for high density.
V=8m/s
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Heat Transport with FFT Analysis
Fig. 8 FFT analysis of the temperature perturbation.
Simulation results show sharp decrease of heat diffusivity.
Heat pinch velocity observed in both cases. The pinch value in the NLT case is half than that in the no NLT case.
Barrier found at the temperature inversion radius(grey area) for NLT case. 0
0.05
0.1
Am
pli
tud
e
FFT analysis of the temperature modulation
2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.02.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Ph
as
e
R (m)
FFT analysis of the temperature modulation
TS#41632
TS#41628
No NLT
NLT
=0.15m2/s, V=1.4m/s
=0.85m2/s, V=2.7m/s
q=1
Te inversion region
Vph=1.4m/s
Vph=3.3m/s