პედაგოგიკის დოქტორი, პროფესორი ტრისტან გულბიანი

პედაგოგიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, პროფესორი ჯემალ ძაგანია

xelburTi saxelmZRvanelo sportis dargis umaRlesi saswavleblebisaTvis

1

winasityvaoba

სახელმძღვანელო განკუთვნილია სპორტის დარგის უმაღლესი სასპორტო სასწავლებლების სტუდენტებისათვის. მისი ავტორები არიან ხელბურთის სამყაროში საკმაოდ ცნობილი მოღვაწეები პროესორები ჯემალ ძაგანია და ტრისტან გულბიანი, რომლებსაც არა ერთი სახელმძღვანელო და სამეცნიერო ნაშრომი აქვთ გამოქვეყნებული ხელბურთის სასწავლო-საწვრთნო პროცესის ოპტიმიზაციის საკითხებზე.

სპორტული წვრთნის სწორად ორგანიზებული პროცესი წარმატებული იქნება მხოლოდ იმ შემთხვევაში თუ მისი პრაქტიკული რეალიზაცია ეყრდნობა მეცნიერულად დასაბუთებულ თეორიას, მრავალწლიანი საწვრთნო პროცესის რაციონალურ სტრუქტურას.

წინამდებარე სახელმძღვანელოში არსებული ლიტერატურული წყაროების განხილვის, მოწინავე გამოცდილების შესწავლა განზოგადებისა და ავტორების მიერ წლების განმავლობაში ხელბურთში წვრთნის საკითხებზე ჩატარებული მეცნიერული გამოკვლევების საფუძველზე გაშუქებულია ხელბურთის თეორიისა და პრაქტიკის საკვანძო საკითხები. სახელმძღვანელოში დიდი ყურადღება აქვს დათმობილი სწავლებისა და წვრთნის ძირითადი კანონზომიერებების განხილვას, ხელბურთელების მრავალწლიანი მომზადების ოპტიმალური აგების საკითხებს.

სახელმძღვანელო დახმარებას გაუწევს ფიზიკური აღზრდის მასწავლებლებს, მწვრთნელებს, სტუდენტებს, მაგისტრანტებსა და დოქტორანტებს.

რეცენზენტები: პედაგოგიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, პროფესორი შ.ბუაძე. ბიოლოგიის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, პროფესორი ჯ.ზალდასტანიშვილი, ბიოლოგიის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, პროფესორი გ. რატიშვილი.

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sarCevi

I Tavi. xelburTi fizikuri aRzrdis sistemaSi

1.1. xelburTis sagani, specializaciis kursis amocanebi da Sinaarsi

fizikuri აღზრდისა და სპორტის უმაღლესი სასწავლებლებისათვის

II Tavi, xelburTis aRmocenebisa da ganviTarebis istoria

2.1. saerTaSoriso xelburTi

2.2. qarTuli xelburTi

Tavi III. xelburTSi sportuli wvrTnis safuZvlebi

3.1. sportuli wvrTna rogorc xelburTelebis momzadebis ZiriTadi forma

3.1.1. fizikuri momzadebა

3.1.2. teqnikuri momzadeba

3.1.3. taqtikuri momzadeba.

3.1.4. saSejibro momzadeba.

3.1.5. fsiqologiuri momzadeba

3.1.5. წვრთნის პრინციპები.

3.2.wvrTnis dagegmva, dagegmvis saxeebi

3.3. sportuli wvrTnis periodizacia

3.4. sawvrTno procesis organizacia

3.5. pedagogiuri kontroli, aRricxva da informacia

3.6. mozardi xelburTelebis SerCevis organizacia da meTodebi

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3.7. bavSvebi fizikuri Tvisebebis Sefaseba

Tavi IV. xelburTis TamaSis teqnika da teqnikuri momzadeba

4.1. zogadi debulebebi

4.2. TamaSis teqnikuri xerxebi TavdasxmaSi da varjiSebi

4.3. burTis flobis teqnika

4.4. TamaSis teqnikuri xerxebi dacvaSi da varjiSebi

4.5. mekaris TamaSis teqnika

Tavi V.xelburTis TamaSis taqtika da taqtikuri momzadeba. 5.1. zogadi debulebebi 5.2. moTamaSeTa funqciebi 5.3. TavdasxmaSi TamaSis taqtika 5.4. dacvaSi TamaSis taqtika 5.5. gundis xelmZRvaneloba Sejibrebis dros

Tavi VI. fizikuri momzadeba

6.1. zogadi debuleba

6.2. Zalis ganviTareba

6.3. siswrafis ganviTareba

6.4. gamZleobis ganviTareba 6.5. moqnilobis ganviTareba

Tavi VII. sportsmenis fsiqologiuri momzadeba SejibrebisTvis

1. Sejibrebis subieqturi faqtorebis daxasiaTeba

2. fsiqologiuri momzadebis arsi 3. fsiqologiuri momzadebis saxeebi 4. pirovnebis kvlevis meTodebi 5. fsiqologiuri momzadeba konkretuli SejibrebisTvis 6. autogenuri wvrTna

თავი VIII. Sejibrebis organizacia da Catareba

8.1. Sejibrebis roli da mniSvneloba sportuli ostatobis donis amaRlebaSi

8.2. Sejibrebis saxeebi, maTi dajgufeba, Sejibrebis debuleba

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8.3.Sejibrebis Catarebis sistemebi

Tavi IX. samecniero-kvleviTi muSaobis organizacia da meTodika

9.1. kvlevis meTodebi

I Tavi

1. 1. xelburTi fizikuri aRzrdis sistemaSi

fizikuri aRzrda, rogorc aRzrdis erT-erTi saSualeba, uSualo

kavSirSia adamianis gonebriv ganviTarebasTan, SromiTი, esTetikuri da

zneobrivi Cvevebis CamoyalibebasTan.

fizikuri aRzrdis sistemaSi sportulma TamaSebma da kerZod xelburTma

myarad daimkvidra adgili. igi erT-erTi popularuli TamaSia Cvens

qveyanaSi, mas aswavlian saSualo skolebSi da umaRles saswavleblebSi.

gaxsnilia xelburTis specializirebuli sportuli skolebi, sadac

TamaSis saidumloebas euflebian moswavle axalgazrdebi.

xelburTis TamaSis xelmisawvdomoba (moednis mowyobis simartive,

TamaSis wesebi, inventari), taqtikuri kombinaciebis mravalferovneba,

teqnikuri xerxebis virtuozuli Sesruleba, orTabrZolis emociuroba

ganapirobebs mis popularobas, misdami sxvadasxva asakisa Tu profesiis

adamianTa did siyvaruls. xelburTSi Sejibrebebi tardeba fizikuri

aRzrdis yvela rgolSi: saSualo skolebSi, umaRles da saSualo

specialur saswavleblebSi.

Tanamedrove xelburTis ganviTarebis maRali done mas ayenebs sportis im

saxeobaTa gverdiT, romlebic xels uwyoben adamianis yovelmxriv

ganviTarebas.

1.2 xelburTis sagani, specializaciis kursis amocanebi da Sinaarsi

fizikuri აღზრდისა და სპორტის უმაღლესი სასწავლებლებისათვის

xelburTi, rogorc moswavle axalgazrdobis. სტუდენტებისა და მოსახლეობის fizikuri aRzrdis erT-erTi saSualeba, pedagogikuri

disciplinaa.

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fizikuri aRzrdisa და sportis umaRlesi dawesebulebis saswavlo

gegmebSi mkafiod aris gamokveTili saswavlo sagnebis oTxi cikli:

sazogadoebriv mecnierebaTa, zogadTeoriuli, samedicino-biologiuri da

sportul-pedagogikuri disciplinebi. isini mWidro urTierTkavSirSi

arian da ganapirobeben maRalkvalificiuri iseTi specialistis

momzadebas, romelsac Seswevs unari imuSaos Cveni qveynis sportuli

moZraobis sxvadasxva sferoSi (maswavleblad, mwvrTnelad,

organizatorad, xelmZRvanel muSakad, mecnier-mkvlevarad). fizikuri

aRzrdisa da sportis umaRlesi saswavleblebis programebSi xelburTi

CarTulia, rogorc aucilebeli saswavlo sagani, romelsac sxva

samecniero-saswavlo disciplinebis msgavsad aqvs Tavisi აღმოცენებისა da ganviTareebis istoria, swavlebis, aRzrdisa da wvrTnis meTodika,

sxvadasxva asakis movarjiSebTan mecadineobis Catarebis meTodebi,

principebi da formebi.

saswavlo disciplinis, kerZod xelburTis swavlebis procesSi,

aucilebelia momavalma specialistebma aiTvison sportis am saxeobis

Teoriuli da praqtikuli unar-Cvevebi.

xelburTis specializaciis studentebma Rrmad da safuZvlianad

unda Seiswavlon:

- fizikuri aRzrdis sistemis socialur-ekonomikuri, organizaciul-

meToduri da mecnieruli safuZvlebi;

- sxvadasxva asakisa da kvalifikaciis xelburTelebis momzadebis

mecnierul-meToduri kerZo meTodebi;

- momijnave disciplinebSi uaxlesi mecnieruli gamokvlevebis

Sedegebi, xelburTis Teoriisa da praqtikis Tanamedrove

mdgomareoba da ZiriTadi tendenciebi;

- xelburTis ganviTarebis istoria, teqnikuri xerxebisa da taqtikis

evolucia, swavlebisa da wvrTnis meTodebis safuZvlebi;

- sportsmenTa zneobrivi da esTetikuri aRzrdis formebi da

meTodebi, zogad pedagogikuri safuZvlebi.

xelburTisa da sxva disciplinebis kursis saerTo amocanebisa da

Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, specialistma unda SeZlos:

- ganaxorcielos xelburTelTa momzadebis dagegmva da kontroli

mis yvela aspeqtSi (fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri da

fsiqologiuri), movarjiSeTa asakobriv-sqesobrivi da sportuli

kvalifikaciis gaTvaliswinebiT.

- daeuflos ZiriTadi fizikuri Tvisebebis (Zalis, siswrafis,

gamZleobis, simarjvis, simardis) ganviTarebisa da srulyofisTvis

ZiriTadi saSualebebisa da meTodebis farTo arsenals;

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- maRal profesiul doneze Caataros sxvadasxva mimarTulebis

saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebi, SemoqmedebiTad gamoiyenos Tavis

muSaobaSi is codna da gamocdileba, romelic SeiZina swavlisა და pedagogikuri praqtikis procesSi;

- xelburTSi saswavlo-sawvrTneli mecadineobebis dros farTod

gamoiyenos tanvarjiSis, mZleosnobis, curvis, Zalosnobis,

sportTamaSebis, moZravi TamaSebis da sportis sxva saxeobebis

saprogramo masala;

- xelburTisa da fizikuri aRzrdis aqtualur sakiTxebze Caataros

samecniero-kvleviTi muSaoba, risTvisac farTod gamoiyenos

mecnieruli kvlevis Tanamedrove meTodebi, SeZlos Cveni da

sazRvargareTuli literaturis Rrma mecnieruli gaanalizeba;

- ganaxorcielos aucilebeli organizaciuli, samsajo da meToduri

muSaoba Sejibrebebis, masobriv-gamajansaRebeli da agitacia-

propagandistuli mniSvnelobis sportuli RonisZiebebis

momzadebisa da Catarebis procesSi;

- muSaobis periodSi praqtikulad gamoiyenos is Cvevebi da codna,

romelic swavlis dros SeiZina (pedagogikur da saeqimo

kontrolSi, travmებis profilaqtikaSi, sportul higienaSi,

sportul masaJsa da reabilitaciis saSualebebSi).

yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, xelburTis kursis Teoriuli

da praqtikuli ganayofebis Rrma codna saswavlo gegmis danarCen

disciplinebTan erTad ganapirobebs maRali kvalifikaciis iseTi

specialistebis momzadebas, romelTac SeeZlebaT muSaoba fizikuri

aRzrdis sistemis sxvadasxva sferoSi.

II Tavi

xelburTis aRmocenebisa da ganviTarebis istoria

2.1. saerTaSoriso xelburTi

xelburTis samyaroSi karga xani dominirebda azri imis Sesaxeb, rom

xelburTi, rogorc sportuli TamaSi, Caisaxa da ganviTarda daniaSi.

1898 wels daniis qalaq ordrupis gimnaziis maswavlebelma holger

nilsenma fizikuri aRzrdis gakveTilze moswavle gogonebs aTamaSa

sportuli TamaSi burTiT, romelsac «haandboldi» uwoda, rac

qarTul enaze xelburTs niSnavs.

ukanaskneli wlebis gamokvlevebi ki gvaZlevs imis safuZvels

vamtkicoT, rom xelburTis Casaxvis vadebi ufro adreul periods

ganekuTvneba.

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1890 wels konrad koxma germaniaSi Seqmna TamaSi burTiT,

«rafboli» (kenigsbergis burTi), romlis idea da elementebi

(gadacema, miReba da burTis tyorcna) safuZvlad daedo xelburTis

germanul variants. imave wels CexeTSi vrceldeba burTis TamaSis

xalxuri saxeoba, romelsac «hazena» (tyorcna, srola) Searqves. es

TamaSi mimdinareobda orTabrZolis gareSe, xdeboda burTis gadacema

da miReba.

am periodisTvis farTod vrceldeba da sayovelTao aRiarebas

ixveWs fexburTi. yalibdeba mravali gundi. igi TandaTan უკანა პლანზე swevs im droisaTvis popularul tanvarjiSul saxeebs.

mozardi Taobis fexburTisadmi ltolvam sagonebelSi Caagdo

sxvadasxva qveynis ganaTlebis sistemis da sportuli kavSirebis

xelmZRvaneli muSakebi. fexburTis cieb-cxelebaze reagireba pirvelad

Cexebma moaxdines. ganaTlebis saministrom gamosca brZanebuleba,

romlis Sesabamisad skolisა da umaRlesi saswavleblebisaTvis

savaldebulo gaxda sxva sportuli TamaSebi. fexburTis

sawinaaRmdegod irCeven TamaSis xalxur variants – «hazenas» da sxva

TamaSebs burTiT. am mimarTulebiT iwyebs Tavis moRvaweobas praRis

fizikuri aRzrdis inspeqtori iozef klenka. momdevno ori wlis

ganmavlobaSi is muSaobs saxelmZRvaneloze «tanvarjiSuli TamaSebi»,

romelic praRaSi gamoica 1892 wels. im droisaTvis cnobili sxva

sportuli TamaSebis gverdiT wignSi didi adgili hqonda daTmobili

axali sportuli TamaSis «hazena tercovas» (tyorcnebi mizanSi)

TamaSis wesebs.

iozef klenkas wesebis Tanaxmad TamaSi mimdinareobda or gunds

Soris 6-6 kacis monawileobiT. moednis zomebi iyo: sigrZe – 60-80

metri, sigane – 25-30 metri. gundis mier burTis flobis dro

ganisazRvreba 2 wuTiT, ris Semdegac aucilebeli iyo burTis tyorcna

mizanSi (samizne warmoadgenda wres, diametriT 1 metri). dgarebze

damagrebuli wre idgmeboda gundebis piriTi xazis centrSi.

aRniSnuli wris zemo nawili miwidan (iatakidan) 250 sm-iT iyo

daSorebuli.

ese igi, nilseniseuli xelburTis warmoSobamde CexeთSi ukve 6

wliT adre arsebobda TamaSis wesebi, romelTac, sxvaTaSoris, Zalian

bevri hqondaT saerTo Tanamedrove xelburTis ZiriTad elementebTan

(burTis gadacemebi, miReba da tyorcna karSi).

momdevno 16 wlis ganmavlobaSi iozef klenkas wigni oTxjer

gamoica, Tumca “hazena” karga xniT SeumCneveli rCeboda.am TamaSis

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arapopularobis ZiriTadi mizezi iyo sportuli orTabrZolis

ararseboba.

iozef klenkas “hazenasagan” gansxvavebiT danieli holger nilsenis

“haandboldSi” samizne wris nacvlad gaCnda karebi, romlebsac hyavda

amisTvis specialurad gamoyofili meurve-mekare. “isesxa” ra gundis

Semadgenlobis raodenoba, karebi da mekare fexburTisagan, h. nilsenma

miiRo TamaSi, romelic warmoadgenda xelburTi 11:11 safuZvels.

ukanasknel dromde cnobili versia, rom jer gamogonil iqna

xelburTi 7:7-ze, mcdari aRmoCnda “haandboldis” wesebSi, romlebic

1906 wels h. Nნilsეnis mier iqna gamocemuli q. kopenhagenSi, iyo

gundis Semadgenlobis 2 varianti: TiToeul gundSi 16 da 11 moTamaSe

(ragbisa da fexburTis wesebis Sesabamisad). xangrZlivi drois

manZilze am TamaSmac ver hpova popularoba daniel axalgazrdebSi

gamokveTili sportuli orTabrZolis ararsebobis gamo. holger

nilsenis udavo avtorobad unda CaiTvalos karis zomebi 300X200 sm-ze,

rac dResac SenarCunebulia Tanamedrove xelburTSi.

XX saukunis pirveli aTwleulis Sua ricxvebamde klenkas “hazenam”

da nilsenis “haandboldma” ver moipoves aRiareba. miuxedavad amisa,

TamaSis optimaluri variantis Zieba grZeldeboda.

1905 wels JurnalSi “fizikuri aRzrda”, romelic qalaq brnoSi

gamodioda, meeqvse nomerSi gamoqveynda “vrgana z pregaSenimi” – s

(tyorcnebi gadacemebiT) TamaSis wesebi, romelTa avtori gaxldaT q.

praRis smixovskis realuri saswavleblis fizikuri aRzrdis

maswavlebeli vaclav karasi. Tamasi imeorebda cnobili “hazenas”

variants, magram gaaCnda mTeli rigi siaxleebic: gundis Semadgenloba

gaizarda 9 kacamde da rogorc nilsenis “haandboldSi”, aqac gauCnda

kars damcveli – mekare.

am droisaTvis holger nilseni gaxda daniis fizikuri aRzrdis

inspeqtori. am Tanamdebobam mas misca SesaZlebloba ufro arsebiTi

zegavlena moexdina saswavlo dawesebulebebis fizikuri aRzrdis

maswavleblebze, raTa maT SeetanaaT “haandboldi” saskolo

programebSi.

“haandbold”- iT daintereseba gamoiCines daniis armies sportis

mesveurebma, romlebmac am TamaSSi dainaxes jariskacebis fizikuri

aRzrdis saukeTeso saSualeba.

yovelive aman ganapiroba daniis “haandboldis” nacionaluri

kavSiris Seqmna, romelmac Tavis Tavze aiRo TamaSis propagandis saqme.

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zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom rogorc

CexoslovakiaSi, ise daniaSi am sportuli TamaSis variantebi

damoukideblad viTardeboda, magram isic unda aRiniSnos, rom am

saqmeSi garkveuli prioriteti mainc Cexebs ekuTvnodaT, vinaidan maT

pirvelebma amcnes msoflios axali sportuli TamaSis Sesaxeb presis

saSualebiT.

1905 wlidan “hazenas” propagandis saqmes xeli mohkida antonin

kristofma, tanvarjiSis maswavlebelma praRidan. niWierma pedagogma,

sportuli TamaSebis mgznebare propagandistma gadamwyveti roli

iTamaSa “hazenas” modernizaciis saqmeSi da misi TamaSis wesebi

srulyofamde miiyvana. “hazenam” ukve 1907 wlisTvis gadalaxa praRis

sazRvrebi da Cexoslovakiis sxva mxareebis sakuTrebadac iqca.

“hazenas” pirveli srulyofili wesebi a. kristofis redaqciiT

praRaSi 1908 wels gamoica.

am wesebis Tanaxmad, TamaSi tardeboda moedanze, riomlis zoma iyo

45X25 metri. gundis SemadgenlobaSi iyo 7 kaci. samiznes warmoadgenda

karebi zomiT 200X250 sm. nebadarTuli iyo sportuli orTabrZola.

moedans hqonda sami zona: dacvis, Sua nawilis, da Tavdasxmis. Dacvis

erT-erT moTamaSes (mekares) ufleba eZleoda daecva Tavisi kari

uSualod mekaris moedanSi (romelic warmoadgenda sworkuTxeds

zomiT 6X4 metri). gundSi iyvnen: mekare, damcveli, ori

naxevardamcveli da sami Tavdamsxmeli. cxra wlis Semdeg TamaSis

zustad es vaerianti Sevida germanuli xelburTis 11:11-is

nairsaxeobaSi, oRond saTamaSo moednis zomebi gacilebiT ufro didi

iyo.

a. kristofi ganagrZobda TamaSis wesebis calkeul niuansebze

muSaobas da 1909 wels is aqveynebs mas axali redaqciiT. Miuxedavad

imisa, rom “hazenas” irgvliv seriozuli muSaoba mimdinareobda, jer

kidev ver iqna da ver moxerxda iseTi Sejibrebis Catareba, romelic

gamoavlenda gamarjvebul gunds – Cempions. pirvel rigSi es

ganpirobebuli iyo imiT, rom am droisTvis ar arsebobda erTiani

makoordinirebuli organo, romelic Tavis Tavze aiRebda gabneul

gundebze kontrolis funqcias.

Q 1909 wlis seqtemberSi praRis kafe “unionSi” a. kristofis

aqtiuri monawileobiT iqmneba qalaq praRis “hazenas” gundebis

sakavSirio komisia, romelic mowodebuli iyo erT organizmad

gaeerTianebina am TamaSis moyvarulebi. am axladSeqmnili komisiis

cxovrebaSi RirsSesaniSnavi iyo pirveli seriozuli movlena, rodesac

maTi iniciativiT CexeTis olimpiadaze Catarebul iqna saCvenebeli

10

matCi qalTa gundebis monawileobiT: “praRis” da “vinogradis”,

“hazenas” klubebs Soris.

amave periodisaTvis iwyeba TamaSebi Sereuli gundebisaTvis,

romelTa SemadgenlobaSi iyvnen rogorc mamakacebi, ise qalebi.

Rogorc wesi, yovel gundSi gamodioda 5 mamakaci da 4 qali.

praqtikaSi mtkiced moikida fexi 9-kacianma gundebma. ATamaSis wesebis

aseTma SeuTanxmeblobam da azrTa sxvadasxvaobam sagrZnobi ziani

miayena sportul “hazenas”. Miuxedavad imisa, rom Sereuli gundebis

mowinaaRmdegeTa raodenoba sakmarisad mravali iyo, igi 1921 wlamde

mainc agrZelebda arsebobas.

a. kristofis gardacvalebis Semdeg (1910w.) ramodenime xniT “hazena”

inarCunebda im pirvandel saxes, romelic mas misca Aam niWierma da

mizanswrafulma adamianma. tardeba ramodenime saCvenebeli TamaSi, maT

Soris CexeTis olimpiadaze 1911 wels.

miuxedavad imisa, rom saeTaSoriso “Sevardeniadas” TamaSebze 1912

wlis 9 ivniss Catarebul iqna kristofiseuli “hazenas” matCi,

“Sevardenis” organizaciebi mas ar aRiarebdnen da propagandas

uwevdnen 9-kaciani gundebis Sereul variants.

orTabrZola or mimarTulebas –sportul da Sevardenis “hazenas”

Soris mimdinareobda 1925 wlamde – sanam ar iqna miRebuli saboloo

gadawyvetileba – daenergaT mxolod sportuli “hazena” 7 kacis

SemadgenlobiT.

aRsaniSnavia, rom saerTaSoriso “Sevardeniadas” TamaSebze

imyofeboda ruseTis delegacia, romelsac gadasces “hazenas” TamaSis

wesebi.

1914 wlis dasawyisisaTvis sportuli TamaSebis samyaros Seemata

kidev erTi – “ukrainuli xelburTi”, romlis avtori iyo gimnaziis

maswavlebeli e.f. mali. unda aRiniSnos, rom es TamaSi Tavisi wesebiT

ufro srulyofili da stabiluri iyo, vidre misi winamorbedi –

Cexuri “hazena” da daniuri “haandboldi”. Mmxolod pirvelma msoflio

omma SeuSala xeli “ukrainul” xelburTs, rom mas kuTvnili adgili

daekavebina TamaSis ganviTarebis istoriaSi.

1915 wels potsdameli ernst Sulci gvTavazobs tanvarjiSul

TamaSs “torball” (burTi karSi), romelic “hazenas”, “haandboldis”,

“ukrainuli” xelburTis da fexburTis hibrids warmoadgenda.

miuxedavad brandenburgis masobrivi tanvarjiSuli sazogadoebis

aqtiuri mxardaWerisa, Sulcis TamaSma ver hpova aRiareba da

gavrceleba. da mxolod mas Semdeg, rac germaniis tanvarjiSis

11

wamyvanma maswavleblebma (1917w.) miaqcies mas yuradReba, man miiRo

xelburTi 11:11-isaTvis damaxasiaTebeli moxazuloba.

1917 wlis GTebervalSi berlineli maqs haizeri, iRebs ra e.

Sulcis “torball”-s Sevardeniseul “hazenas” da daniur

“haandbolds” safuZvlad, qmnis principulad gansxvavebul, GTamaSis

sruliad axal variants TerTmeti moTamaSiT. swored es TamaSi iqca

SemdgomSi xelburTi 11:11-is klasikuri variantis bazisad.

1917 wlis 29 oqtombers germaniis sportul-tanvarjiSuli kavSiris

(doiCe turneSaft) brandenburgis olqis berlinis sabWom miiRo

gadawyvetileba daemtkicebinaT maqs haizeris winadadeba rogorc

“xelburTis TamaSi qalTa ganyofilebisaTvis” da mieniWebinaT misTvis

saxelwodeba “xelburTi” (Hhandbal)

momdevno ori wlis manZilze germaniis fizikuri aRzrdis umaRlesi

skolis docentma karl Selencma m. haizerTan erTad safuZvlianad

srulyves TamaSis wesebi. pirvel variantSi maT moedani gaadides 90-

100X50-60 metramde karebiT 500X210 sm. karSi tyorcnis manZili

gansazRvres: qalebisaTvis 8, xolo mamakacebisTvis 11 metriT.

Semcirda burTis garSemowerilobac da man 60-64 sm. Seadgina.

pirvelad iqna dafiqsirebuli, rom TamaSi iyo gankuTvnili rogorc

qalebis, ise mamakacebisaTvis.

swored TamaSis wesebisadmi k. Selencis profesionalurma midgomam

ganapiroba xelburTi 11:11-is is popularoba, romelic man momdevno

ocwleulSi moipova.

axali wesebiT pirveli TamaSi Catarda 1919 wlis 1 maiss berlinis

erT-erT uZveles stadionze – SarlotenbergSi. 1920 wlis

oqtombrisaTvis TamaSis wesebis pirveli variantis formireba

ZiriTadad damTavrebuli iyo da igi 1921 wels gamoica v. ambergeris

mier qalaq laifcigSi. miuxedavad amisa, wesebis srulyofaze muSaoba

grZeldeboda 1923 wlamde.

k. Selencis TavkacobiT da misi daJinebuli moTxovniT TamaSi

Setanil iqna germaniis fizikuri aRzrdis umaRlesi skolis

studentTa swavlebis kursSi, romelic SemdgomSi iqca TamaSis

ganviTarebis mTavar meTodur centrad rogorc germaniaSi, ise

sazRvargareT.

k. Selencis damsaxureba is aris, rom man drois SedarebiT mcire

monakvetSi SeZlo sakmaod kvalificirebulad miegno TamaSis wesebis

optimaluri variantisaTvis. erTdroulad is propagandas uwevda

TamaSs germaniasa da mis farglebs gareT. sakmarisia iTqvas, rom ukve

12

1918 wlisaTvis germaniis sportuli klubebis funqcionirebis

SemweobiT TamaSi cnobili gaxda urugvaelebisaTvis, erTi wlis

Semdeg ki amerikis SeerTebuli StatebisaTvis, sadac 1919 wels los-

anjelesSi imarTeba kidec pirveli oficialuri Sejibreba xelburTSi

11:11-ze. Selenciseuli xelburTi daniis samefos sazRvrebsac miadga,

gadalaxa igi da garkveuli xniT mTlianad gandevna kidec

adgilobrivi “haandboldi”.

1918 wels saerTaSoriso sportul rukaze mkafiod aRiniSneba

TamaSis ori, erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli mimarTuleba: Cexuri

“hazena”, romelic ZiriTadad aRmosavleTiT vrceldeba da germanuli

xelburTi, romelic samxreTiT da dasavleTiT miiswrafvis.

TavisTavad viTardeboda ukrainuli xelburTi, magram is ZiriTadad

ver gascda Tavisi qveynis farglebs. jer Sida mwvave politikuri

viTarebis da Semdgom samoqalaqo omis dawyebis gamo moispo

yovelgvari piroba sportis ganviTarebisaTvis.

damoukidebeli Cexoslovakiis saxelmwifos Camoyalibebam xeli

Seuwyo “hazenas” wreebis aRdgenis saqmes, romelic Sewyda pirveli

msoflio omis wlebSi. a. kristofis mier dawyebuli saqme gaagrZela

misma moswavlem ioJef trantinam, romelis damsaxurebad unda

CaiTvalos sportuli “hazenas” aRorZineba. Zneli aRmoCnda am saqmis

ganxorcieleba, radgan “Sevardeniseuli” “hazenas” mesveurebi

poziciebs ar Tmobdnen, magram trantinas daJinebam Tavisi gaitana da

dava sportuli “hazenas” sasargeblod gadawyda.

1919 wlisaTvis tardeba pirveli oficialuri masobrivi Sejibrebi

sportul hazenaSi. praRaSi, brnoSi, preSovSi da Cexoslovakiis kidev

Teqvsmet qalaqSi pirvelobas erTmaneTs ecileboda qalTa 47

koleqtivi.

hazenas mravalricxovani klubebis arseboba, romelic

Cexoslovakiis qalaqebsa da soflebSi iqmneboda, ar SeiZleboda

makoordinebeli organos gareSe. swored am mizniT i. trantinis

iniciativiT 1919 wels 16 agvistos Catarda mosamzadebeli komitetis

darbazi, romelsac unda Camoeyalibebina Cexoslovakiis “hazenas”

kavSiri. 1920 wlis 19 Tebervals iqmneba Cexoslovakiis “hazenas” da

qalTa sportis kavSiri, romelic aerTianebda 167 klubs 2 000-ze meti

moTamaSiT. axladSeqmnili kavSiris pirvel prezidentad arCeuli iqna

ioJef trantina, romelic SemdegSi xelburTis saerTaSoriso

federaciis erT-erTi TvalsaCino moRvawe gaxda.

1920 wlisaTvis “hazena” iqca saerTaSoriso sportul TamaSad.

venaSi iqmneba “hazenas” pirveli klubi “venis slovani”. amave periodSi

13

sportklub “unionis” (q. JiJkova) SemweobiT iugoslaviis qalaqSi

zagrebsa da novi sadSi yalibdeba gundebi. did dainteresebas iCenen

TamaSisadmi berlinSi.

1921 weli niSandoblivia imiT, rom Catarda Cexoslovakiis pirveli

Cempionati “hazenaSi”. qalTa Soris pirveli gamarjvebuli gundi iyo

“pordubice”. Sejibrebebi mamakacTa Soris daiwyo 1923 wlidan. aq

gamarjvebuli gamovida “holidanis” gundi. amave wlidan CexeTis

“hazenas” kavSiri mWidro kontaqtebs amyarbs iugoslaviis mZleosnobis

kavSirTan (q. zagrebi), romelmac daiwyo “hazenas” kultivireba.

aseTive mimarTulebiT ikvlevda gzas Tavisi qveynis farglebs

gareT germanuli xelburTi. germaneli specialistebisa da sportuli

klubebis xelSewyobiT iqmneba argentinis xelburTis federacia,

romelic atarebs sxvadasxva saxis Sejibrebs.

1921 wlis 31 oqtombers parizSi safrangeTis, Cexoslovakiis,

inglisis, italiis, espaneTis, Sveciisa da amerikis SeerTebuli

Statebis delegaciebis monawileobiT iqmneba im droisaTvis udidesi

saerTaSoriso sportuli organizacia “fsfi” (qalTa sportis

saerTaSoriso federacia). am federacias saTaveSi Caudga kongresis

erT-erTi iniciatori, frangi qalbatoni a. miliati.

axladSeqmnilma saerTaSoriso organizaciam dauyovnebliv scno

“hazena” sportis damoukidebel saxeobad da Seqmna Sesabamisi komisia,

romelsac saTaveSi i. trantina Caudga. erTdroulad igi airCies

“fsfi”-is prezidentad. aqve, yovelgvari Sesworebebis gareSe

daamtkices “hazenas” TamaSis CexoslovakiaSi moqmedi wesebi dam as

saerTaSoriso statusi mianiWes.

amrigad, SeiZleba dasabuTebulad iTqvas, rom xelburTis

nairsaxeobebs Soris swored “hazena” gaxda pirveli TamaSi, romelmac

moipova oficialurisaerTaSorisoaRiareba.

“fsfi”-s kongresi agreTve Rebulobs mTel rig mniSvnelovan

gadawyvetilebs, romelTagan sayuradReboa qalTa olimpiadebis

Catareba yovel oTx weliwadSi erTxel. Cexoslovakiis delegaciis

winadadebiT am olimpiadis programaSi Setanil iqna “hazena”.

mniSvnelovania isic, rom germaneli e. reimani “hazenas” TamaSis wesebs

Targmnis Tavis mSobliur enaze, xolo CexeT-budeevices merve

gimnaziis studenti iozef uberxuberi – italiur enaze.

Cexoslovakiis “hazenas” kavSiri Tavis rigebSi ayalibebs

saerTaSoriso samdivno, romelsac Tavkacobs vaclav valouSeki,

zemoxsenebuli kongresis delegati Cexoslovakiis mxridan. es

samdivno organizacias uwevs da Targmnis TamaSebis wesebs frangul,

14

ungrul da polonur enebze, stambavs maT da agzavnis am qveynebSi. r.

oileras TargmaniT gamodis “hazenas” TamaSis wesebis oficialuri

gamocema germanul enaze.

“hazenas” debiuti saerTaSoriso arenaze 1922 wlis martis bolos q.

monte-karloSi Sedga. qalTa “saerTaSoriso gazafxulis”

dResaswaulze CexeTisa da moraviis gundebma gamarTes sami

saCvenebeli matCi. sainteresoa, rom TiToeul gundSi gamodioda oTx-

oTxi Cexi da sam-sami frangi qali. TamaSebi damTavrda angariSiT 2:1,

4:0 da 3:2. am Sexvedrebma didi mowoneba daimsaxura dResaswaulis

monawileTa Soris.

rogorc Cans, “hazena” sami wliT adre gasula saerTaSoriso

sarbielze, vidre germanuli xelburTi. saklubo gundebs Soris

pirveli saerTaSoriso Sexvedra gaimarTA 1922 wlis 12 agvistos

iugoslaviis q. zagrebSi, sadac adgilobrivma klubma “xask” –m waago

CexeTis q. Jidenices gundTan angariSiT 3:12. unda aRiniSnos, rom am

matCs 5000 mayurebeli eswreboda.

marTalia, 1922 wlis 16-24 agvistos “fsfi”-is egidiT Catarda qalTa

pirveli msoflio TamaSebi, magram miuxedavad Cexoslovakiis “hazenas”

kavSiris daJinebuli moTxovnisa, es TamaSi programaSi ar iqna

Setanili.

am droisaTvis “fsfi” ganicdida Tavis pirvel da araukanasknel

kriziss. germania aSkarad ignorirebas ukeTebs am organizacias da

germanulenovani qveynebi ar Sedian mis SemadgenlobaSi. evropas guls

uRrRnida politikuri vnebebi, romlebic pirveli omis Semdeg jer

kidev ar iyo damcxrali, mravali qveyana imyofeboda konfrontaciis

mdgomareobaSi. yovelive es Tavis daRs asvams saerTaSoriso sportis

ganviTarebis saqme, maT Soris “hazenasac”, romelsac aqtiurad

mxolod CexoslovakiaSi, iugoslaviaSi, nawilobriv poloneTsa da

safrangeTSi Tu aqcevdnen yuradRebas. Tumca garkveul interess

TamaSisadmi iCenen berlinSi, venaSi, budapeStSi, buqarestSi aziisa da

amerikis zogierT qveyanaSi.

miuxedavad amisa, 1922 wels xelburTi 11:11-is gundebi gamoCndnen

avstriasa da iaponiaSi, erTi wlis mogvianebiT – belgiasa da

niderlandebSi. am periodisaTvis sagrZnoblad imagrebs poziciebs

germaniis nacionaluri xelburTi, sadac Catarda kidec qveynis

pirveli Cempionati. mTlianad germaniis 18 sportul tanvarjiSul

olqSi masiur SejubrebebSi monawileoba miiro 1000-mde gundma.

15

msoflio sportul moZraobaSi gavlenis sferos mosapoveblad

gaafTrebuli brZola mimdinareobda “fsfi”-sa da “iaaf”-s

(samoyvarulo aTletizmis saerTaSoriso federacia) Soris.

“fsfi”-is mniSvnelovan miRwevad unda CaiTvalos 1923 wlis 6

aprils gamarTuli sanqcionirebuli Sexvedra Cexoslovakiisa da

safrangeTis qalTa gundebs Soris. es matCi praRaSi gaimarTa da

damTavrda Cexebis gamarjvebiT angariSiT 9:2. unda aRiniSnos, rom es

iyo pirveli oficialuri saerTaSoriso matCi nakrebi gundebis

doneze.

magram “hazena” mainc ganwiruli aRmoCnda. mas “fsfi”-s garda ar

hyavda ufro gavleniani mfarveli organizacia. saerTaSoriso

xelburTma (ukve ar eZaxdnen germanul xelburTs) ki germaniis

fizikuri aRzrdis umaRlesi skolis saxiT, misi warmomadgenlebis

sistemuri da saqmiani kontaqtebis meSveobiT, ufro naTlad gamokveTa

Tavisi konturebi da 1925 wlisTvis yvela winapiroba Seqmna imisaTvis,

rom ganviTarebuli qveynebis xelburTis nacionalur gaerTianebebs

TavianTi saerTaSoriso organizaciis Sesaqmnelad ezrunaT.

1924 wlis dasawyisisaTvis saerTaSoriso sportul arenaze

dafiqsirda xelburTis sami damoukidebeli nairsaxeoba: Cexuri

“hazena”, romelic Cexoslovakiis sazRvebs gareT viTardeboda mxolod

qalTa Soris, germanuli xelburTi 11 moTamaSiT da ZiriTadad

mamakacebisaTvis, “ukrainuli” xelburTi, romelic yvelaze naTlad

asaxavda TamaSis arss.

“hazenas” da xelburTis saerTaSoriso geografiis gazrdam,

xelburTis nairsaxeobaTa mimdevrebis konfliqturi situaciebis

gaRrmavebam “iaaf”-is xelmZRvaneloba aiZula efiqra SeeqmnaT erTiani

saerTaSoriso organo, romelic SeZlebda exelmZRvanela sportuli

TamaSebis ganviTarebisaTvis. am periodisaTvis Zalze popularuli iyo

sxva TamaSebi (kalaTburTi, frenburTi da sxva), romlebsac ar

gaaCndaT saerTaSoriso federaciebi.

1926 wlis agvistoSi “iaaf”- ma Tavis kongresze haagaSi miiRo

gadawyvetileba SeeqmnaT sportuli TamaSebis komisia, romlic

gaaerTianebda xelburTs, kalaTburTs, frenburTs, “hazenas”

“faustbols” da “kortbols”. am komisiis droebiT prezidentad

dainiSna germaneli f. langi.

1926 wlis 27-28 noembers germaniis qalaq kiolnis ratuSaSi

gaimarTa am komisiis pirveli samuSao sxdoma, romelzec arCeul iqna

Aaxali saerTaSoriso organizaciis xelmZRvaneli muSakebi.

prezidenti gaxda f. langi, xelmZRvanel organoSi Sevidnen

16

avstraliis, inglisis, avstriis, irlandiis da safrangeTis

warmomadgenlebi. aqve moxda xelburTis gayofa or nairsaxeobad:

xelburTi 7:7 da 11:11. Seiqmna xelburTi 11:11-is saerTaSoriso wesebis

Semdgeneli komisia, romelsac saTaveSi Svedi i. karlsoni Caudga.

1927 wlis 12 agvistos q. amsterdamSi komisiis meore sxdomaze

damtkicebul iqna wesebi xelburTSi 11:11. unda aRiniSnos, rom am

wesebis safuZvlad aRebul iqna k. Selencis wesebis germanuli

varianti. imave wels germaniaSi gamocemul iqna pirveli saerTaSoriso

wesebi xelburTSi 11:11-ze germanul enaze. sainteresoa aRiniSnos, rom

dReisaTvis ukve iSviaTobad qceuli erT-erTi egzemplari am wesebisa

inaxeba ruseTis centralur biblioTekaSi q. moskovSi. 1928 wlisaTvis

wesebi gamodis germanul, inglisur da frangul enebze.

1928 wlis 4 agvistos q. amsterdamSi daniis, germaniis, saberZneTis,

irlandiis, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis, kanadis, safrangeTis,

fineTis, avstriis, Sveciisa da Cexoslovakiis warmomadgenelTa

monawileobiT fuZndeba xelburTis saerTaSoriso federacia – “iagf”

(internacionalen amater-handbal-federacion). federaciis

prezidentad irCeven f. langs, mdivnad – germanel f. xaslers,

wevrebad – everi brendejs (saerTaSoriso olimpiuri komitetis

momaval prezidents), kanadel d. krokers, avstraliel a. Svarcs da

Cex a. trantinas. aq aucileblad migvaCnia ganvmartoT “iagf”-is

funqcia, romelsac didi xnis manZilze xelburTis moyvarulTa

saerTaSoriso federacias uwodebdnen, sinamdvileSi ki es dasaxeleba

sul sxvas niSnavda. eZebdnen ra axlad dafuZnebuli federaciis

dasaxelebas, komisiis wevrebi iTvaliswinebdnen, rom es komisia

aerTianebda sxvadasxva saxis xuT sportul TamaSs, romlebsac

erTmaneTTan akavSirebda mxolod erTi ram – burTis xeliT TamaSi.

mosamzadebeli komisiis wevrebi mividnen im daskvnamde, rom

zemoxsenebuli federaciisTvis ewodebinaT xelburTis federacia,

rogorc xuTi sportuli TamaSis gamaerTianebeli. bunebrivia, ufro

zusti dasaxeleba SeiZleboda yofiliyo “sportuli TamaSebis

saerTaSoriso samoyvarulo federacia”, magram im droisaTvis es

aravis gauTvaliswinebia da amitom sportis specialistebis didi

umravlesoba karga xans dabneulic ki iyo.

“iagf” iyo saerTaSoriso sportuli federacia, romelic Tavis

rigebSi aerTianebda komisiebs kalaTburTSi, xelburTSi 11:11 da

“kortbolSi”, danarCeni ori ki mxolod moixsenieboda “iagf”-is

SemadgenlobaSi. maT ar hyavdaT damoukidebeli xelmZRvaneli organo.

1932 wels “iagf”-is komisias gamoeyo kalaTburTi, romelmac Seqmna

damoukidebeli federacia.

17

xelburTis komisiis pirvel prezidentad arCeul iqna Svedi i.

karlsoni, mdivnad – germaneli v. burmisteri, wevrebad – avstrieli e.

tiSleri da poloneli k. xrapovicki

1934 wlis 30 agvistos “iagf”-is mesame kongresze Sveciis qalaq

stokholmSi Camoyalibda frenburTis – “faustbolis” da “hazenas”

komisiebi. am komisiebis prezidentad arCeul iqna Cexi g. bareSi.

“iagf”-i arsebobda 1944 wlamde, ris Semdegac is daiSala.

1926 wlidan, rodesac xelburTi aRiarebul iqna sportis

saerTaSoriso saxeobad, mas farTo gaqaneba mieca msoflios rig

qveynebSi. luqsemburgsa da SveicariaSi gamoCnda klubebi, romlebmac

daiwyes xelburTis kultivireba. am qveynebSi ukve 1927 wlidan

imarTeba erovnuli Cempionatebi. 30-iani wlebisTvis gundebi yalibdeba

Soreul islandiaSi. 1930 wlisaTvis xelburTma 11:11-ze, anu didma

xelburTma mtkiced moikida fexi avstriaSi, ungreTSi, argentinaSi,

braziliaSi, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, urugvaiSi; imarTeboda

TamaSebi ruseTSi, amierkavkasiaSi, ukrainaSi da baltiispireTis

qveynebSi.

fsfi-is xelmZRvanelobiTa da misi egidiT Catarebul iqna qalTa

ori Cempionati “hazenaSi”. 1930 wels praRaSi gaimarjva Cexoslovakiis

nakrebma gundma, xolo 1934 wels londonSi – iugoslavielebma.

“iagf”-is mesame kongresze didi gamarjveba moipova xelburTma 7:7-

ze. aq damtkicebul iqna TamaSis pirveli saerTaSoriso wesebi.

saerTaSoriso federaciebis wevrTa raodenoba gaizarda 26-mde.

TamaSis gulSematkivarTa msoflio TanamegobrobaSi miRebul iqnen

estoneli sportsmenebi. federaciis SemadgenlobaSi Sevida msoflios

erT-erTi umciresi qveyana – haiti. “iagf”-is axal prezidentad arCeul

iqna germaneli doqtori karl ritter fon halti.

“didi” xelburTis mzardi popularobis dadasturebaa is, rom 1934

wlis 8 maiss briuselSi saerTaSoriso olimpiuri komitetis

kongresma miiRo gadawyvetileba SeetanaT xelburTi 11:11-ze 1936 wlis

XI olimpiuri TamaSebis programaSi. miuxedavad germanuli xelburTis

aseTi warmatebisa, “hazenas” mesveurebi far-xmals ar yridnen da

ganagrZobdnen TavianTi sportuli TamaSis popularizacias. 1934

wlisTvis “hazenas” TamaSis wesebi Cndeba bulgareTSi, latviaSi,

litvaSi da rumineTSi. erTi wlis Semdeg TamaSis wesebi

gamoqveynebul iqna inglisSi saxelwodebiT “geim of hazena” (hazenas

TamaSi). miuxedavad amisa hazenas bedi, rogorc es Semdgomma

movlenebma gviCvena, gadawyvetili iyo. saerTaSoriso sportuli

organizaciebis, romelTa saTaveebSi ZiriTadad pronacisturad

18

ganwyobili moRvawebi idgnen, ar surdaT TavianT leqsikonSi slavuri

sityva “hazena” CaerToT da amitom amjobines ufro mSobliuri

“handboli” (xelburTi).

xelburTisadmi olimpiuri statusis miniWebam konservatiuli

skandinavielebi aiZula wasuliyvnen kontaqtebze im qveynebTan,

romlebSic warmatebiT viTardeboda “didi xelburTi”. 1934 wlis 26

agvistos pirvelad daniis xelburTis istoriaSi q. kopenhagenSi

Catarda saerTaSoriso Sexvedra. danielebis mowinaaRmdege iyo

germaniis gundi, romelmac advilad daamarcxa maspinZlebi angariSiT

16:5. meore matCi germanelebma 31 agvistos gamarTes SvedeTis nakrebTan

q. stokholmSi. SvedebisaTvisac es pirveli oficialuri saerTaSoriso

Sexvedra iyo. germanelebma aqac iolad gaimarjves – 18:7. etyoba

“germanuli xelburTis” gakveTilebi maincdamainc ar moewonaT

skandinavielebs, romlebmac sabolood uari ganacxades olimpiur

TamaSebSi monawileobaze.

1935 wlis 8 marts q. kopenhagenSi danieli arbitris olstis

msajobiT Catarda xelburTi 7:7 –is saerTaSoriso debiuti. Svedebma

angariSiT 18:12 daamarcxes danielebi, riTac «mcire xelburTSi»

lideris poziciebi moipoves. olimpiuri TamaSebis programaSi “didi

xelburTis” Setanam sagrZnobi dartyma miayena xelburTi 7:7

mesveurebs. sainteresoa, rom Semdegi Sexvedra “mcire xelburTSi”

mxolod sami wlis Semdeg gaimarTa, isic msoflio pirvelobis

matCebis Catarebis wyalobiT.

XI olimpiuri TamaSebis wina periodSi msoflioSi, gansakuTrebiT

ki evropaSi, Seiqmna Zalian rTuli politikuri viTareba. faSisturma

germaniam, aiRo ra aSkara kursi meore msoflio omis mzadebisa da

gaCaRebisaken, sportuli vermaxtisa da nacizmis propagandis

samsaxurSi Caayena.

bevrma germanelma sportsmenma da erovnulma federaciam uari

ganacxada berlinis olimpiadaSi monawileobaze. miuxedavad aseTi

situaciisa, xelburTis debiuti olimpiadaze mainc Sedga. am turnirSi

monawileobda 6 gundi.

finaluri matCi, romelSic germanelma xelburTelebma angariSiT

10:6 daamarcxes avstrielebi, mimdinareobda aTeuli aTasi mofaSisto

axalgazrdis momwamlavi, nacisturi aJiotaJis atmosferoSi.

olimpiuri TamaSebis mimdinareobis dros Catarda “iagf”-is meoTxe

kongresi, romelzec gadawyda, rom CaetarebinaT msoflio Cempionatebi

xelburTSi 7:7 da 11:11. qalTa sportis diskriminaciis tendenciebi

19

grZeldeboda, radgan am kongresis dadgenilebiT momdevno msoflio

pirvelobebi mxolod mamakacebisTvis unda gamarTuliyo.

1938 wlis 5 Tebervals berlinis sportdarbaz “doiClandhall” Si

starti aiRo msoflios pirvelma Cempionatma xelburTSi 7:7-ze. am

turnirSi oTxi gundi monawileobda. TamaSebi sul or dRes

mimdinareobda Semcirebuli reglamentiT: 2 taimi 15-15 wuTi.

“elviseburi turniri”, rogoric es Sejibreba gamodga, Znelia

msoflio Cempionatad monaTlo, magram safuZveli mainc Cayrili iyo.

SedarebiT ukTesad Catarda msoflio Cempionati “did xelburTSi”,

romelic 1938 wlis 7-10 ivliss gaimarTa germaniis xuT qalaqSi.

pirvelobas erTmaneTs ecileboda evropis 10 nakrebi gundi. es

oficialuri Sejibreba faqtiurad ukanaskneli RonisZieba iyo,

romelic “iagf”-is egidiT Catarda. evropa idga meore msoflio omis

karibWesTan, romelmac kacobriobas umZimesi dartyma miayena. am mZime

dartymisgan seriozulad dazaralda msoflio xelburTi, romelmac

Tavisi istoriidan “amoSala” TiTqmis 7 weli.

1938 wlis 9 ivliss berlinSi Catarda “iagf”-is me-5 da ukanaskneli

kongresi. am kongresma xelburTis ganviTarebis grandiozuli gegmebi

dasaxa, Tumca maT aRsruleba ar ewera.

“iagf”-ma Tavisi moRvaweoba daasrula mis SemadgenlobaSi

gaerTianebuli iyo sul 12 qveyana, romelic aqtiurad aRorZinebda

xelburTs. maTi egidiT Catarda 106 saerTaSoriso Sexvedra erovnuli

nakrebi gundebis doneze, maT Soris 86 xelburTSi 11:11-ze, 20 ki –

xelburTSi 7:7-ze. es TamaSebi Catarda mxolod mamakacebis

monawileobiT. “iagf”-is moRvaweobis mTel periodSi sul 5 Sexvedra

iyo Catarebuli qalTa gundebis monawileobiT.

meore msoflio omis damTavrebis Semdeg mravali qveynis

nacionalurma federaciebma da xelburTis klubebma ganaaxles

TavianTi moRvaweoba.

msoflio xelburTis istoriaSi yvelaze didi movlena iyo “igf”-is

(xelburTis saerTaSoriso federacia) damfuZnebeli kongresi,

romelic 1946 wlis 10-13 ivliss Catarda q. kopenhagenSi. daniis,

niderlandebis, norvegiis, poloneTis, Sveciis, Sveicariis,

safrangeTisa da fineTis 14 delegatis monawileobiT daarsda pirveli

damoukidebeli xelburTis saerTaSoriso organizacia, romelmac

udidesi roli Seasrula TamaSis Semdgomi ganviTarebis saqmeSi.

xelburTis saerTaSoriso federaciis (igf) pirvel prezidentad

Sved giosta biorks irCeven, misi Tanamemamule karl fillip biorgi

20

ikavebs generaluri mdivnis posts. teqnikuri komisiis prezidenti

xdeba Sveicarieli emil horle. erTdroulad yalibdeba xelburTis

saerTaSoriso federaciis sabWo da Rebuloben federaciis wesdebas.

“igf”-m daamtkica msoflio xelburTis ganviTarebis da moqmedebis

vrceli programa. gaTvaliwinebul iqna da ukve momdevno wlisaTavis

Catarda msajebis saerTaSoriso kursebi, romelic 1947 wlis 4-8 agvistos

gaimarTa daniis qalaq veileSi. gadawyvites, rom CaetarebinaT msoflio

Cempionatebi 11:11 – ze , rogorc mamakacTa, ise qalTa gundebs Soris.

am perodisaTvis TiTqmis uxilavi, magram mainc sagrZnobi iyos is

mZafri orTavrZola, romelic “did” da “patara” xelburTis Soris

mimdinareoba. miuxedavaT imisa, rom xelburTis 11:11-ze sakmaod didi

mxardaWera hqonda federaciis mxridan, ukve igrZnoboda erovnuli

federaciis moRvaweobis gadaxra “mcire” xelburTisaken.

1957 wlisaTvis msoflios mraval qveyanaSi daiwyes xelburTi 7:7-ze

TamaSis gamarTva.

“mcire” xelburTis mesveurTa energiulma moqmedebam da 1965 wlis

saerTaSoriso olimpiuri komitetis gadawyvetilebam misi olimpiadis

programaSi Setanis Sesaxeb sabolood gadawyvita “didi” xelburTis

Semdgomi bedi. 1966 wels Catarda msoflios ukanaskneli, VII Cempionati

da amiT dasrulda misi arsebobis istoria, romelTac yovelgvari

dabrkolebis gareSe gza gaexsna xelburTis Svidi kacis

SemadgenlobiT.

saerTaSoriso plimpiuri komitetis gadawyvetilebam, “mcire”

xelburTis XX olimpiuri TamaSebis programaSi Setanis Sesaxeb

aRfrTovanebaSi moiyvana mTeli xelburTis samyaro , sakmarisia iTqvas,

rom 1972 wlisaTvis “igf” – is rigebi TiTqmis cxrajer gaizarda,

gaaerTiana Tavis SemadgenlobaSi 54 qveynis 2.5 milionamde xelburTeli.

iqmneboda da magrdeboda erovuli federaciebi aziis, amerikisa da

afrikis ganvitarebad qveynebSi. saerTaSoriso arenaze gamodioda

xelburTis msoflio Tanamegobrobis aTelobiT axali wevri.

“igf” –is kongresma , rogorc XX olimpiadis dawyebis win Catarda,

Zirfesvianad Secvala am organizaciis saxe. igi gadaiqca msoflio

xelburTis xelmZRvanel organod. federaciis axal prezidentad arCeul

iqna Svedi paul xioxbergi.

XX olimpiuri TamaSebis programaSi xelburTi Setanili iyo

mxolod mamakacebisaTvis. aqve gadawyda, rom amieridan, e.i. momavali XXI

TamaSebidan olimpiur sarbielze gamovidodnen mSvenieri sqesis

warmomadgenlebic.

21

dReisaTvis, saerTaSoriso kalendaris gaTvaliswinebiT (msoflio

Cempionatebi iuniorebsa da mozardebs Soris, evropis Cempionatebi,

olimpiuri TamaSebi, evropis saklubo turnirebi da sxva oficialuri

turnirebi) dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom ukve damTavrda da

mwyobrSi Cadga Sejiberbebis saerTaSoriso sistemebi.

“igf” – is wevri qveynebis ricxvi asamde mivida, xolo xelburTis

moTamaSeTa ricxvma msoflioSi oTx million kacs gadaeWarba.

xelburTis masobriobis mkveTrma zrdam da popularobam

mniSvnelovnad gaamZafra konkurencia msoflio da olimpiur TamaSebze.

dReisaTvis xelburTis aRiarebul liderebad gvevlinebian Sveciis,

ruseTis , iugioslaviis, germaniis, rumineTis , safrangeTis, samxreT

koreis , norvegiis da daniis gundebi, romlebmac SeZles Zlieri

erovnuli gundebis Camoyalibeba.

xelburTma sabolood gaimagra Tavisi avtoriteti da gaxda

sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso sportuli disciplina.

qvemoT, 1, 2 da 3 cxrilebSi moyvanilia msoflio Cemionatebis da

olimpiuri TamaSebis priziorTa Sedegebi.

msoflio Cempionatis Sedegebi xelburTSi 11:11

cxrili 1

Cempionati Catarebis

weli

Catarebis

adgili

dakavebuli adgili

I adgili II adgili III adgili

kacebi

I 1938 germania germania Sveicaria ungreTi

II 1948 safrangeTi Svecia dania Sveicaria

III 1952 Sveicaria gfr Svecia Sveicaria

IV 1955 gfr gfr Sveicaria Cexoslovakia

V 1959 avstria ggg1 rumineTi Svecia

VI 1963 Sveicaria gdr gfr Sveicaria

VII 1966 avstria gfr gdr avstria

qalebi

I 1949 ungreTi ungreTi avstria Cexoslovakia

22

II 1956 gfr rumineTi gfr ungreTi

III 1960 holandia rumineTi avstria ggg

1 1959 da 1960 wlebSi msoflio CemoionatSi gamovida germaniis

gaerTianebuli gundi

msoflio Cempionatis Sedegebi xelburTSi 7:7

cxrili 2

Cempiona

ti

Catarebi

s weli

Catarebis

adgili

dakavebuli adgili

I adgili II adgili III adgili

kacebi

I 1938 germania germania avstria Sveდეთი

II 1954 Sveდეთი Sveდეთი gfr Cexoslovakia

III 1958 gdr Sveდეთი Cexoslovaki

a

germania

IV 1961 gfr rumineTi Cexoslovaki

a Sveდეთი

V 1964 Cexoslovakia rumineTi Sveდეთი Cexoslovakia

VI 1967 Sveდეთი Cexoslova

kia

dania rumineTi

VII 1970 safrangeTi rumineTi gdr iugoslavia

VIII 1974 gdr rumineTi gdr Cexoslovakia

IX 1978 dania gfr ssr kavSiri gdr

X 1982 gfr ssr

kavSiri

iugoslavia poloneTi

XI 1986 Sveicaria iugoslavi

a

ungreTi gdr

XII 1990 Cexoslovakia Sveდეთი ssr kavSiri gdr

23

XIII 1993 Sveდეთი ruseTi safranfeTi Sveდეთი

XIV 1995 islaნdia safrangeT

i

xorvatia Sveდეთი

XV 1997 iaponia ruseTi Sveდეთი safrangeTi

XVI 1999 ეგვიპტე შვედეთი რუსეთი იუგოსლავია

XVII 2001 საფრანგეთი საფრანგეთი ხორვატია იუგოსლავია

XVIII 2003 პორტუგალია ხორვატია გერმანია საფრანგეთი

XIX 2005 ტუნისი ესპანეთი გერმანია საფრანგეთი

XX 2007 გერმანია გერმანია პოლონეთი დანია

XXI 2009 ხორვატია საფრანგეთი ხორვატია პოლონეთი

XXII 2011 შვედეთი საფრანგეთი დანია ესპანეთი

XXIII 2013 ესპანეთი ესპანეთი დანია ხორვატია

XXIV 2015 კატარი

qalebi

I 1957 iugoslavia Cexoslova

kia

ungreTi iugoslavia

II 1962 rumineTi rumineTi dania Cexoslovakia

III 1965 gfr ungreTi iugoslavia gfr

IV 1971 holandia gdr iugoslavia rumineTi

V 1973 iugoslavia iugoslavi

a

rumineTi ssr kavSiri

VI 1975 ssr kavSiri gdr ssr kavSiri ungreTi

VII 1978 Cexoslovakia gdr ssr kavSiri ungreTi

VIII 1982 ungreTi ssr

kavSiri

ungreTi iugoslavia

IX 1986 holandia ssr

kavSiri

Cexoslovakia norvegia

24

X 1990 samxreT korea ssr

kavSiri

iugoslavia gdr

XI 1993 germania germania dania norvegia

XII 1995 samxreT korea samxreT

korea

safrangeTi dania

XIII 1997 germania dania norvegia germania

XIV 1999 norvegia dania safrangeTi avstria

XV 2001 italia ruseTi norvegia iugoslavia

XVI 2003 xorvatia safrangeT

i

ungreTi samxreT

korea

XVII 2005 ruseTi ruseTi rumineTi ungreTi

XVIII 2007 safrangeTi ruseTi norvegia germania

XIX 2009 CineTi ruseTi safrangeTi norvegia

XX 2011 brazilia norvegia safrangeT espaneTi

XXI 2013 serbia

olimpiuri TamaSebis Cempionebi da priziorebi

cxrili 3

olimpiadeb

i

Catarebi

s weli

Catarebis

adgili

dakavebuli adgili

I adgili II adgili III adgili

kacebi

XI 1936 berlini germania avstria Svecia

XX 1972 miunxeni iugoslavi

a

Cexoslovaki

a

rumineTi

XXI 1976 monreali ssr

kavSiri

rumineTi poloneTi

25

XXII 1980 moskovi gdr ssr kavSiri rumineTi

XXIII 1984 los-

anjelesi

iugoslavi

a

gfr rumineTi

XXIV 1988 seuli ssr

kavSiri

samxreT

korea

iugoslavi

a

XXV 1992 barselon

a

dsT SvedeTi safrangeT

i

XXVI 1996 atlanta xorvatia SvedeTi espaneTi

XXVII 2000 sidnei ruseTi SvedeTi espaneTi

XXVIII 2004 aTeni xorvatia germania ruseTi

XXIX 2008 pekini safrangeT

i

islandia espaneTi

XXX 2012 londoni safrangeT

i

SvedeTi xorvatia

qalebi

XXI 1976

monreali

ssr

kavSiri

gdr ungreTi

XXII 1980 moskovi ssr

kavSiri

iugoslavia samxreT

korea

XXIII 1984 los-

anjelesi

iugoslavi

a

samxreT

korea

CineTi

XXIV 1988 seuli dania norvegia ssr

kavSiri

XXV 1992

barselon

a

samxreT

korea

norvegia dsT

XXVI 1996 atlanta dania samxreT

korea

ungreTi

XXVII 2000 sidnei dania ungreTi norvegia

XXVIII 2004 aTeni dania samxreT

korea

ukraina

26

XXIX 2008 pekini norvegia ruseTi samxreT

korea

XXX 2012 londoni norvegia Cernogoria espaneTi

1 1984wels olimpiur TamaSebSi ar monawileobdnen ssr kavSiris gundebi

2.2. qarTuli xelburTi

saqarTveloSi xelburTs XX saukunis 20-iani wlebidan TamaSoben.

igi CvenTan ukrainidan Semovida. amave periodisaTvis Targmnes da

pirvelad dastambes xelburTis TamaSis wesebi qarTul enaze.

xelburTis Semdgomi ganviTarebis saqmeSi Tavisi wvlili unda

Seetana I sakavSiro spartakiadas, romelic im droisaTvis pirveli

yvelaze didi da masStaburi RonisZieba iyo axlad Seqmnili sabWoTa

kavSiris sportis sinamdvileSi. am spartakiadis programaSi Setanil iqna

xelburTis ori cnobili nairsaxeoba – 11:11-ze da 7:7-ze. sxva gundebTan

erTad turnirSi monawileoba miiRo amierkavkasiis federaciis nakrebma

gundma, romelic ZiriTadad saqarTvelos sportsmenebiT iyo

dakompleqtebuli. TamaSebi Catarda 1928 wlis 17-23 agvistos q. moskovSi.

aRsaniSnevia, rom “didi” xelburTis sarbielze amierkavkasiis feeraciis

nakrebma sul sami Sexvedra Caatara, ori matCi waago ( moskovis da

germaniis gundebTan), erTSi ki gamarjveba moipova avstriis gundTan

angariSiT 3:2. “mcire” xelburTSi ki maT erTi Sexvedra gamarTes

ukrainis Zlier nakrebTan, waages Sexvedra 0:23 da gamoeTiSnen

asprezobas. miuxedavad spartakiadaze gancdili marcxisa, qarTveli

xelburTis mesveurebi Zalis da energies ar iSurebdnen sportis am

saxeobis ganviTarebisaTvis. isini dauRalavad Sromobdnen xelburTis

popularizaciisaTvis, magram 30-iani wlebis socialur-politikuri

mdgomareobis mkveTrma gauaresebam nulamde daiyvana enTuziastebis

yovelgvari mecadineoba. garTulda saerTo viTarebac mTel evropaSi,

rasac bolos meore msoflio omic daemata da, bunebrivia, saerTod

sportisa da kerZod xelburTisaTvis ukve aravis ecala.

xelburTis meore dabadeba Cves qveyanaSi 50-iani wlebidan iwyeba,

miuxedavad imisa, rom am droisaTvis ar iyo Sesaferisi sportuli bazebi

da inventari , mainc gamoCndnen xelburTis gulSematkivrebi, TamaSis

namdvili enTuziastebi, romlebmac sakuTar Tavze aiRes sportis am

saxeobis aRorZinebisa da ganviTarebis saqme. pirvelTa Soris iyvnen g.

27

SaraSiZe, T. anTaZe, j. cercvaZe, a. ratianiZe, l. lolua, T. CxartiSvili,

j. bagrationi, k. xatiskaci, a. eqseuliZe, v.araqelovi da sxvebi, romelTa

gulmodgine mecadineobam didad Seuwyo xeli xelburTSi axalgazrda

masebis mozRvavebas. respublikis sxvadasxva qalaqSi gaCnda gundebi,

ramac sagrZnoblad gazarda movarjiSeTa ricxvi. momdevno wlebSi

intensiurad viTardeboda da ixveweboda sportuli wvrTnis meTodika,

mowinave teqnikis da taqtikis swavleba.

Cveni respublikis sxvadasxva kuTxeSi meti interesiT moekidnen

xelburTis danergvis saqmes. skolebSi, teqnikumebSi, umaRles

saswavleblebSi, fabrika-qarxanebsa da sawarmoo dawesebulebebSi Seiqmna

saTanado sportuli bezebi, saxeldaxelod moamzades sazogadoebrivi

mwvrTnelebi da msajebi, romlebic didi mondomebiT Seudgnen muSaobas.

axalgazrda enTuziastebis axal-axalma jgufebma daiwyes varjiSi,

gundebis ricxvi da maTSi gaerTianebul xelburTelTa raodenoba

TandaTan izrdeba. saqarTvelos rukaze axali saxelburTo centrebi

moiniSna. xalburTisadmi didi interesi gamoiCines baTumSi, soxumSi,

quTaisSi, gorSi. yovelive aman Tavisi nayofi gamoiyo. Seiqmna erTi

Zlieri gundi, romelmac daiwyo asparezoba sabWoTa kavSiris

CempionatebSi. CveSi didi popularobiT sargeblobda “didi” xelburTi.

1956 wlidan 1961 wlamde Catarebul yvela sakavSiro pirvelobaze

monawileobas iRebda Tbilisis “burevestnikis” vaJTa gundi. marTalia,

Cveni sportsmenebis gamosvla mokrZalebuli SedegebiT aRiniSna, magram

garkveuli warmatebebi mainc iyo. 1957 wels moskovSi Catarda III

saerTaSoriso axalgazrduli TamaSebi, romlis programaSic Setanil

iqna xelburTi. sabWoTa kavSiris nakrebis kars am asparezobaze

Tbiliseli artur ratianiZe icavda. axalgazrda jemal cercvaZe ukve

1959 wels daasaxeles ssr kavSiris nakrebi gundis wevrobis kandidatad,

romelic 1961 wels msoflio Cemionati unda eTamaSa. “didi” xelburTis

paralelurad viTardboda “mcire” xelburTic. 60-iani wlebisaTvis

qarTvel xelburTelebs ufro sagrZnobi warmatebebi hqondaT xelburTSi

7:7-ze.

mas Semdeg , rac ssr kavSiris xelburTis seqciam Sewyvita

yovelgvari RoisZiebebis Catareba “ did” xelburtSi, gadawyda, rom 1962

wlidan gaimarTeboda Cempionatebi mxolod xelburTSi 7:7-ze.

metad StambeWdavi iyo qarTveli xelburTelebis debiuti 1962

wlis ssr kavSiris pirvel Cempionatze. Tbilisis “burevestnikis” vaJTa

gundma finaluri turniri daumarcxeblad Caatara da Rirseulad moipova

pirveli Cempionis tituli. “burivestnikelebma” daamarcxes tiraspolis

( 21:15) , zaporoJies ( 20:15), minskis (31:25) da moskovis (20:14) gundebi, fred

iTamaSes kaunasis (17:17), moskovis “trudis” (15:15) da kievis (21:21)

28

gundebTan, daagroves 11 qula da ori quliT gauswres meore adgilze

gasul tiraspolis gunds.

mwvrTnel giorgi SaraSiZis aRzrdilebma: jemal abiaSvilma,

artur ratianiZem, Teimuraz zardiaSvilma, imedo fxakaZem , leri

kartoziam, Tamaz anTiZem, jemal cercvaZem, anzor eqseuliZem, ilo

Selegiam, ari maWavarianma da boris kopaleiSvilma – oqros asoebiT

waweres TavianTi saxelebi qarTuli sportis da xelburTis istoriaSi.

1963 wels Tbiliselebi mesame adilze gadian, 1964 wels ki isev

ibruneben Cempionis tituls. giorgi SaraSiZis SegirdTa umravlesoba

meored xdeba gamarjvebuli da oqros medlebis mflobeli. gundidan

wasuli a. ratianiZis , i. Selegias da travmirebuli T. zardiliSvilis

nacvlad oqros medlebs iReben: jansuR bagrationi, aleqsandre

xuciSvili da jemal zaqariaZe.

momdevno sami wlis (1965-1966-1967 ww) ganmavlobaSi Tbiliseli

xelburTelebi II adgilze gadian. aRsaniSnavia, rom 1965 wels Cveni

xelburTelebi finalur turnirze 19 qulas agroveben ( gamarjvebuli

moskovis “mai” – 20 qulas), 1966 wels – 18 qulas ( gamarjvebuli moskovis

“kuncevo” – 19 qulas) 1967 wels Tbiliselebi 25 qulas agroveben (

gamarjvebuli moskovis “kuncevo” – 26 qulas.) am monacemebidan naTlad

Cans, Tu ra mZime da dramatuli iyo es Cempionatebi TbiliselebisaTvis.

Semdgom wlebSi qarTvel xelburTelebs hqondaT garkveuli

warmatebebi, magram TaobaTa cvlis mtkivneulma procesma Tavisi daRi

daasva gunds, romelmac ver moaxerxa adrindeli warmatebebis gameoreba.

1975 wels ssr kavSiris xalxTa VI spartakiadaze saqarTvelos vaJTa

nakrebma, romelic faqtiurad Tbilisis “burevestnikis” xelburTelebiT

iyo dakompleqtebuli III saprizo adgili moipova.

1978 wels mwvrTnelebis gari maWavarianisa da anzor lelaSvilis

aRzrdilebma: jemal baramiZem, giorgi mamulaSvilma, igor da gia

narimaniZeebma, zaza doliZem, ioseb kalandaZem , zurab Wanturiam , nodar

maWaraZem, zurab kekeliZem , amiran komaxiZem, Zmebma vaxtang da giorgi

beriaSvilebma ssr kavSiris Tasi moipoves.

1973 wlis 12-25 ivliss ukrainis qalaq lvovSi Catarebul

sakavSiro axalgazrdul TamaSebze saqarTvelos gogonaTa nakrebma

sapatio meore adgili daikava. qalTa nakrebis udao warmatebad unda

CaiTvalos 1979 wels ukrainis dedaqalaq kievSi gamarTul ssr kavSiris

VII zafxulis spartakiadaze me-5 adgilis dakaveba. am gamarjvebiT 14

qarTvel xelburTel mieniWa im droisaTvis sportis ostatis sapatio

wodeba. amave spartakiadaze vaJTa nakrebma IV adgili daikava.

29

60-ian wlebSi saqarTvelos xelburTelebi sabWoTa xelburTis

aRorZinebisa da srulyofis tonis mimcemebi iyvnen.ukanasknel periodamde

ar yofila arc erTi msoflio pirveloba Tu olimpiuri TamaSebi,

romelzec ar easparezaT saqarTvelos vaJ xelburTelebs. sabWoTa

kavSiris nakrebis pirveli oficialuri matCi msoflio pirvelobaze

gaimarTa 1961 wlis 15 ianvars moskovSi. maT daamarcxes rumineTis Zlieri

gundi angariSiT 12:9. sxvebTan erTad nakrebis Rirsebas icavda jemal

cercvaZe. vinaidan ganmeorebiTi matCi ssr kavSiris undma waago 13:18, is

gamoeTiSa Seibrebas daver miiRo monawileoba Cempionatis daskvniT

etapSi.

msoflios V Cempionatze, romelic CexoslovakiaSi Catarda 1964

wlis 8-15 marts ssr kavSiris nakrebi TamaSobda finalur etapze da

sapatio mexuTe adgilze gavida. ukve nakrebis SemadgenlobaSi jemal

cercvaZis gverdiT gmoCnda mekare jemal abiaSvili. nakrebis ganacxadSi

iyo aseve leri kartoziac. am Cempionatis finalur turnirSi jemal

cercvaZem 16 goli gaitana.

1967 wels msoflios VI Cempionati Catarda SveciaSi. ssr kavSiris

nakrebis ufrosi mwvrTneli ukve Tbiliseli giorgi SaraSiZe iyo, xolo

nakrebis SemadgenlobaSi oTxi qarTveli TamaSobda: j cercvaZe, j.

abiaSvili, i. fxakaZe da a. eqseuliZe, gundma IV adgili daikava.

1970 wels safrangeTSi gamarTul msoflios VII Cempionatze

sabWoTa nakrebi me-9 adgiliT dakmayofilda. nakrebis Rirsebas

qarTvelebidan j. cercvaZe da i. fxakaZe icavdnen.

amis Semdeg Cveni xelburTelebi karga xniT aRar arian ssr

kavSiris nakrebi gundis wevrebi , risi ZiriTadi mizezic zemoT avxseniT

– TaobaTa cvlis procesi.

1978 wels Catarda msoflios IX Cempionati, sadac ssr kavSiris

nakrebi ukve olimpiuri Cempionebis rangSi (maT 1976 wels monrealSi

moipoves gamarjveba) finalSi marcxdebian germaniis federaciuili

respubilkis nakreb gundTan da ikaveben meore adgils. es pirveli didi

warmatebaa ssr kavSiris nakrebisa msoflio Cempionatebis istoriaSi.

vercxlis medalosani nakrebis Rirsebas icavda olimpiuri Cempioni,

sportis damsaxurebuli ostati, Tbiliseli aleqsandre anpilogovi. igi

imyofeboda im nakrebis SemadgenlobaSic, romelmac oqros medlebi

moipova 1982 wlis X msoflio Cempionatze germaniis federaciul

respublikaSi.

1986 wels msoflio morigi XI Cempionati xelburTSi 7:7 gaimarTa

SveicariaSi. gundi saprizo sameulis miRma aRmoCnda. ssr kavSiris

30

SemadgenlobaSi saqarTvelodan kvlav aleqsandre anpilogovi iyo

miwveuli.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, saqarTvelos xelburTelebidan

olimpiadaze pirvelma a. anpilogovma iaspareza da 1976 wels oqros

medalic moipova. 1980 wels moskovSi Catarebul olimpiur TamaSebze ssr

kavSiris nakrebma finaluri Sexvedra waago gdr-is gundTan da sxvebTan

erTad a. anpilogovma olimpiuri vercxlis medali miiRo.

a. anpilogovi kvlav agrZelebda nakrebSi gamosvlasa da masTan

erTad misi Tanagundeli, saerTaSoriso klasis sportis ostati amberki

tabiZec emzadeboda 1984 wlis los-anJelesis olimpiadisaTvis, magarm

sabWoTa kavSiris maSindeli xelmZRvanelobis politikurma sibecem ar

misca saSualeba Cves xelburTelebs (da ara marto maT) eCvenebinaT

TavianTi ostatoba. politbiuros uazro gadawyvetilebiT boikoti

gamoecxada los-anJelesis olimpiur TamaSebs.

60-70-ian wlebSi saqarTvelos xelburTelebis siZliereze

metyvelebs is faqtic, rom 1966 wlidan moyolebuli yovelwliurad

imarTeboda xelburTis saerTaSoriso federaciis egidiT sanqcirebuli

turniri TbilisSi gazeT “zaria vostokas” prisze. am metad prestiJul

RonisZiebaSi monawileobas iRebdnen msoflio xelburTis aRiarebuli

qveynebi: iugoslavia, gdr, gfr, Cexoslovakia, rumineTi, ungreTi,

espaneTi, norvegia, dania, poloneTi da ssr kavSiris nakrebi gundebi.

pirveli saerთaSoriso turniri Catarda 1966 wlis 19-20 dekembers.

maSin SejibrebaSi sul oTxi gundi monawileobda. imarjves ungrelebma ,

romlebmac daamarcxes iugoslaviis, ssr kavSirisa da saqarTvelos

gundebi. Cvenma nakrebma meoTxe adgili daikava.

1968 wels qarTvelma xelburTelebma me-3 saprizo adgili daikaves

eqvs gunds Soris, win mxolod ssr kavSiris pirveli nakrebi da

polonelebi gauSves, daamarcxes gdr –is (20-19), ungreTis (25-22) da

bulgareTis (22:15) gundebi.

aRsaniSnavia 1970 wels Caatrebuli turniri gazeT ‘zaria

vostokas” prize, igi Tbilisis sportis sasaxleSi Catarda 9-13 dekembers.

monawileTa raodenoba sarekordo iyo – 8. gundebi daiyo or qvejgufad,

romelTa gamarjvebulebic gadamwyvet matCSi Sexvdeboden erTmaneTs.

Cvenma xelburTelebma qvejgufSi pirveli adgili daikaves, daamarcxes ra

ssr kavSiris axalgazrduli (24:18) ukrainis (17:16) da Cexoslovakiis

(24:22) gundebi. gadamwyvet SemTxvevaSi maT daTmes iugoslaviis sakmaod

Zlier gundTan (29:18) da daikaves sapatio meore adgili. aqve sainteresoa

aRiniSnos, rom iugoslavielebma zustad im SemadgenlobiT, romliTac

31

qarTvelebi daamarcxes 1970 wels, moipoves miunxenis XX olimpiuri

TamaSebis ( 1972 w) Cempionis tituli.

1956 wlis 1 seqtembers “igf”-is VI kongresze, romelic Sveciis

qalaq stokholmSi mimdinareobda, gaiTvaliswines safrangeTis

xelburTis federaciis winadadeba, rom gaeTamaSebinaT evropis qveynebis

CempionTa Tasi. gamarjvebuli gundisTvis prizi daawesa frangulma

sportulma gazeTma “ekip”-ma. pirveli gaTamaSeba gaimarTa 1957 wels. aqve

gadawyda, rom yvela wlebis finaluri matCebi gaimarTeboda parizSi.

Tasis pirvel gaTamaSebaSi monawileoba miiRo evropis 12 saklubo

gundma. Tavdapirvelad TamaSebi tardeba erTob mkacri sistemiT. gundi

pirvelive wagebis Semdeg eTiSeboda turnirs. amasTan, ori gundis

Sexvedris adgils wilisyra irCevda. Tasis gaTamaSebis pirveli

finaluri matCi Catarda 1957 wlis 9 marts parizSi. anariSiT 21:13

Cexoslovakiis praRis “duklam” daamarcxa Sveciis q. erebrus sportuli

klubi da gaxda evropis CempionTa Tasis pirveli mflobeli. 1962 wlidan

finalamde yvela TamaSi tardeba orive mowinaaRmdegis moedanze.

1966 wlamde finaluri turniris organizacias safrangeTis

xelburTis federacia uwevda, romelic, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT,

parizSi tardeboda. gamonaklisi iyo 1965 wlis gaTamaSeba, romelic

lionSi Catarda. Tavisi gundebis warumaetbeli gamosvlebis gamo

frangebma uari ganacxades finaluri TamaSebis maTTan Catarebaze. es

misia 1967 wliuidan Tavis Tavze aiRo germaniis federaciuli

respublikis xelburTis federaciam. 1975 wlamde turniris daskvniTi

matCebi 7-jer Catarda dortmundSi, erTxel (1968 wels) – mainis

frankfurtSi. Semdegi wlebidan TamaSebi imarTeboda sakuTar da

mowinaaRmdegis moedanze.

1976 wlidan ki TamaSdeba evropis qveynebis Tasis mflobelTa Tasi.

1991 wlamde qarTveli xelburTelebi samjer monawileobdnen

evropis saklubo turnirebis gatamaSebaSi. pirveklad Tbiliselma

xelburTelma vaJebma monawileoba miiRes 1962 wlis evropis CempionatTa

Tasis V gaTamaSebaSi. maT startzeve waages Sexvedra germaniis

demokratiuli respublikis CempionTan – laifcigis fizikuri aRzrdis

akademiis Zlier gundTan angariSiT 17:25. es matCi gaimarTa q. laifcigSi

1962 wlis 9 dekembers. meored, Tbilisis “burevestniki”, rogorc ssr

kavSiris Cempioni, monawileobs CempionTa Tasis VI gaTamaSebaSi. 1964

wlis 20 dekembers Tbilisis “burevestnikma” umaspinZla poloneTis

Cempions q. katovices “azs”-s da daamarcxa igi angariSiT 32:18. am

gamarjvebiT gundi meoTxedfinalSi gavida. wilisyris Sedegad Cveni

gundis mowinaaRmdege gaxda iugoslaviis Cempioni, q. zagrebis

“medveSCaki”. debulebis Sesabamisad meoTxedfinaluri TamaSebi or wred

32

imarTeboda – sakuTar da mowinaaRmdegis noedanze, Tbiliselebma

pirveli TamaSi stumrad Caatares 1965 wlis 7 Tebervals da damarcxdnen

angariSiT 21:13, erTi kviris Semdeg, 13 Tebervals Tbilisis sportis

sasaxleSi Sedga ganmeorebiTi matCi. angariSiT 21:13 gaimarjves

qarTvelma xelburTelebma. gaTamaSebis Semdeg etapze gasasvlelad

debulebiT wilisyra Catarda. aq bedma iugoslavielebs gauRima – maT

miecaT ufleba gaegrZelebinaT brZola sapatio prizisaTvis. unda

aRiniSnos, rom “medveSCakma” naxevarfinalSi damarcxa kopenhagenis

“aiaqsi” (20:24 da 21:11) da finalSi gavida finaluri TamaSi, romelic

safrangeTis q. lionSi Cataarda damTavrda buqarestis “dinamos”

gamarjvebiT, romelmac angariSiT 13:11 sZlia “medveSCaks”.

mesamed qarTvelebi 15 wlis Semdge gadian evropis Cempionatze ,

rogorc adre aRvniSneT, Tbilisis “burevestnikma” gaimarjva ssr

kavSiris 1978 wlis Tasis gaTamaSebeSi da ufleba moipova eTamaSa

evropis Tasis mflobelTa Tasis gaTamaSebaSi sabWoTa kavSiris gundebs

arc 1978-1979 da 1979-1980 wlebi evropul Tasebze miuRiaT monawileoba da

amitom Cveni xelburTelebi dauSves 1980-1981 wlis gaTamaSebaze.

Tbiliselebs pirvelsave wreSi sakmaod Zlieri mowinaaRmdege arguna

wilisyram madridis “atletikos” saxiT. pirveli TamaSi madridSi

Catarda 1980 wlis 6 dekembers. es Sexvedra espanelebma moiges angariSiT

30:21. erTi kviris Semdeg ganmeorebiTi Sexvedra Catarda Tbilisis

sportis sasaxkeSi. marTalia, qarTvelma xelburTelebma es Sexvedra

TavianT sasargeblod daamTavres, magram qulaTa sxvaoba sakmarisi ar

aRmoCnda Semdeg wreSi gasasvlelad.

qarTveli xelburTelebis yulabaSi aris kidev ori oqros

medali, romelic 1968 wels miiRes imedo fxakaZem da aleqsandre

xuciSvilma. ssr kavSiris nakrebma, romlis SemadgenlobaSic iyvnen

qarTveli xelburTelebi, gamarjveba moipova studentTa msoflio

pirvelobaze. es Cempionati Catarda germaniis federaciul respublikaSi

1968 wis 4-102 ianvars.

sainteresoa erTi faqtic. 1978 wis 12 ivliss kievis sportis

sasaxleSi gaimarTa metad saintereso Sexvedra msofliosa da ssr

kavSiris vaJTa nakreb gundTa Soris. ssr kavSiris nakrebma gundma

angariSiT 23:18 daamarcxa msoflios nakrebi. maSin ssr kavSiris gundSi

gamodiodnen aleqsandre anpilogovi da amberki tabiZe.

1961 dan 1987 wlamde qarთvelma xelburTelebma ssr kavSiris

nakrebis SemadgenlobaSi Caatares: a. ampilogovma 217 matCi (( gaitana 572

goli), j. cercvaZem – 78 ( 276), i. fxakaZem 68 (93) mekare j/ abiaSvili 51

matCSi icavda nakrebis Rirsebas. a. tabiZem iTamaSa 20 Sexvedra da

33

gaitana 28 goli, a. eqseuliZem – 14 (13), T. anTiZem 6(6), b. kopaleiSvilma 1

(0).

mas Semdeg, rac daiSala sabWoTa kavSiri da saqarTvelo

damoukidebeli ქვეყანა gaxda, Cven შევუერთდით xelburTis saerTaSoriso

federaciაs ( rogorc sportis danarCen saxeobebSi), rac gvaZlevs imis

saSualebas, rom damoukideblad miviRoT monawileoba nebismieri rangis

oficialur SejibrebaSi. 1992 wlidan Cveni gundebi yovelwliurad

monawileoben evropis saklubo Tasebis gaTamaSebaSi. saqarTvelos

teqnikuri universitetis gogonaTa da vaJTa gundebi, sportklubi

“amirani” fizkulturis institutis “ kolxeTi” da agraruli

universitetis “mamuli” monawileoben, Sesabamisad, evropis

CempionTa,Tasis mflobelTa, saerTaSoriso federaciisa da qalaqebis

Tasebis gaTamaSebaSi.

2006 წელს საქართველოს ხელბურთელთა სტუდენტურმა ნაკრებმა მონაწილეობა მიიღო მსოფლიოს XVIII სტუდენტთა ჩემპიონატში სადაც ვერცხლის მედლები მოიპოვა.

ქართული ხელბურთისათვის განსაკუთრებული იყო 2013 წელი. საქართველოს ტექნიკური უნივერსიტეტის ხელბურთის გუნდი ევროპის ჩემპიონი გახდა.

ქართველმა ხელბურთელებმა ესპანეთის ქალაქ კორდობაში მიმდინარე ევროპის პირველ საუნივერსიტეტო თამაშებზე უძლიერესად იასპარეზეს და პირველობა არავის დაუთმეს. ამ მასშტაბის გამარჯვება ქართული ხელბურთის ისტორიაში ამ დრომდე არ ყოფილა. ქართველმა ხელბურთელებმა ექვსგუნდიან ჯგუფში ხუთივე მოწინააღმდეგე დაამარცხეს, მათ შორის დაძაბულ ბრძოლაში მოუგეს მასპინძელი კორდობას უნივერსიტეტის გუნდს და, ტურნირის ფორმატის გათვალისწინებით, პირდაპირ ფინალში გავიდნენ, სადაც საკმაოდ იოლად (37:24) აჯობეს უკანასკნელ მოწინააღმდეგეს, ხორვატიის "ოსიეკს". ქართველი სპორტსმენები აცხადებენ, რომ ეს წარმატება დიდი სტიმულია კიდევ უფრო

დიდი მწვერვალების დასაპყრობად.

34

Tavi III

xelburTSi sportuli wvrTnis safuZvlebi

3.1. sportuli wvrTna rogorc xelburTelebis momzadebis

ZiriTadi forma

sportuli wvrTna maRali sportuli Sedegebis miRwevisaken

mimarTuli specializebuli pedagogiuri procesia. igi arzrdis saerTo

sistemis organuli Semadgeneli nawilia, romlis meSveobiTac

xorcieldeba adamianis yovelmxrivi harmoniuli ganviTareba, yalibdeba

maRali ideebis matarebeli srulfasovani moqalaqe, maRalkvalificiuri

sportsmeni.

sportuli wvrTna moicavs sportsmenis momzadebisaTvis saWiro

yvela ZiriTad mxares: fizikurs, saTamaSos, teqnikurs, taqtikurs

fsiqologiurs da Teoriuls.

sportsmenis momzadebis procesSi umjobesdeba da

srulyofilebamde ixveweba is Cvevebi, unari da codna, romelic

aucilebeliaxelburTis TamaSis Tanamedrove doneze wasayvanad.

Sportuli wvrTnis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens fizikurad

ganviTarebuli, janmrTeli, Sromisunariani da sazogadoebisaTvis

aqtiuri moqalaqis aRzrda, romelsac SeeZleba umaRlesi sportuli

Sedegebis miRweva.

xelburTelebis wvrTnisprocesSi wydeba erTmaneTTan mWidrod

dakavSirebuli sxvadasxvagvari amocana:

- maRali moraluri da nebelobiTi Tvisebebis aRzrda;

- yovelmxrivi ganviTareba da specialuri fizikuri Tvisebebis

aRzrda;

- organizmis funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebis gaumjobeseba;

- TamaSis Tanamedrove teqnikuri xerxebis, moqnili taqtikisa da

strategiis daufleba.

35

xelburTelebis, ise rogorc sxva sportsmenebis momzadeba Sedgeba

fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri, saTamaSo, fsiqologiuri da Teoriuli

momzadebisagan.

fizikuri momzadeba. Tanamedrove xelburTi aTleturi TamaSia.

igi xasiaTdeba saTamaSo moqmedebebis didi daZabulobiTa da maRali

moZraobiTi aqtiurobioT. es ki, TavisTavad, moTamaSisagan moiTxovas

swrafZalismier Tvisebebisa da funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebis

ukidures mobilizacias.

xelburTelis fizikuri momzadeba mimarTulia Semdegi

konkretuli amocanebis gadasawyvetad:

1. organizmis funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebis donis amaRleba

da gafarToeba (funqcionaluri momzadeba);

2. fizikuri Tvisebebis ganviTareba (Zala, siswrafe, gamZleoba,

moqniloba, simarjve) da maTTan dakavSirebuli fizikuri

SesaZleblobebis kompleqsuri ganviTareba, romelic ganapirobebs

saTamaSo moqmedebebis efeqturobas (xtomadoba, tyorcniTi moZraobebis

siZliere, saTamaSo gamZleoba, aTleturi momzadeba). am amocanebis

gadawyveta xorcieldeba saerTo da specialuri fizikuri momzadebis

procesSi.

saerTo fizikuri momzadeba uzrunvelyofs xelburTelis saerTo

ganviTarebas da qmnis im aucilebel winapirobas, romelic saWiroa

sportis arCeul saxeobaSi specialuri fizikuri Tvisebebis

gamosavlenad. mas unda hqondes specialuri mimarTuleba: gaamagros

organizmis is sistemebi da organoebi, romlebic saWiroa xelburTis

TamaSisTvis.

specialuri fizikuri momzadeba wamyvan rols TamaSobs

xelburTelis fizikuri SesaZleblobebis formirebaSi da pirdapir

damokidebulebaSia TamaSis teqnikis, saSejibro datvirTvis maCveneblebsa

da fsiqologiur daZabulobasTan.

fizikuri momzadebis dabali done xels ver uwyobs teqnikur-

taqtikuri arsenalis aTvisebasa da srulyofas da limitirebuls xdis

xelburTelis SesaZleblobebs. magaliTad, xelburTels, romelsac

sakmarisad ara aqvs ganviTarebuli xtomadoba, ver SeZlebs karSi

tyorcnis Tanamedrove teqnikis aTvisebas da karSi natyorcni burTebis

blokirebas. Gundi, romlis moTamaSeebi ar arian swrafi, ver SeZleben

swrafi garRvevis efeqturad gamoyenebas da a.S.

saerTo da specialuri fizikuri momzadeba

urTierTdakavSirebulia da erTmaneTs avsebs. momzadebis es saxeebi

36

gansazRvraven SejibrebebSi xelburTelebis moqmedebebis realur

SesaZleblobas. aucilebelia agreTve aRiniSnos, rom fizikuri

momzadebis sakmaod maRali done erT-erTi mniSvnelovani faqtoria

fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiTac. fizikurad yovelmxriv momzadebuli

xelburTeli ufro dajerebulia Tavis siZliereSi, rac xels uwyobs mas

TamaSis eqstremalur situaciebSi gamoavlinos maRali nebelobiTi

Tvisebebi.

funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebi warmoadgens xelburTelis

fizikuri momzadebis safuZvels. maTi ganviTarebis done konkretulad

vlindeba sportul muSaobisunarianobaSi. saswavlo-sawvrTno

mecadineobebis dagegmvisas calkeul etapebze aucileblad unda iqnas

gaTvaliswinebuli xelburTelebis organizmis funqcionalur Zvrebze

fizikuri varjiSebis zemoqmedebis xarisxi.

teqnikuri momzadeba. xelburTis TamaSis Tanamedrove tendencia

gansazRvravs teqnikuri momzadebis mimarTulebas. mxolod srulyofili

teqnikuri momzadebiT SeiZleba umaRlesi Sedegebis miRweva. wvrTnis

procesSi xelburTelma unda aiTvisos Tanamedrove xelburTis TamaSis

yvela teqnikuri xerxi da gamoiyenos isini nebismier saTamaSo

situaciaSi. mas unda SeeZlos sxvadasxva teqnikuri xerxis Sexameba

erTmaneTTan moedanze gadaadgilebis nebismier pirobebSi (siarulSi,

sirbilSi, xtomSi, vardnaSi da sxva).

mravalwlian sawvrTno procesSi pirobiTad gamoyofen teqnikis

swavlebis sam etaps:

- teqnikuri xerxebis swavlebis etapebi;

- misi stabilizacia da srulyofa;

- umaRlesi sportuli ostatobis miRweva.

teqnikis swavleba, ise rogorc yovelmxrivi fizikuri momzadeba,

ganixileba rogorc umaRlesi Sedegebis miRwevis safuZveli. momzadebis

es ganayofi gadamwyvet rols asrulebs xelburTis Semdgom saqmianobaSi.

maszea damokidebuli xelburTelis SesaZleblobaTa zrdis tempebi.

mocemuli etapis ZiriTadi amocanaa teqnikis Camoyalibeba,

teqnikuri xerxebis ZiriTadi kanonzomierebebis aTviseba. amisaTvis: 1)

gamoyenebul unda iqnas sirbili, xtomebi, tyorcnebi; 2) moTamaSeebma

unda SeiZinon iseTi mamoZravebeli Cvevebi, romlebic aucilebelia

teqnikis ZiriTadi xerxebis Sesasruleblad; 3) maT unda SeZlon

Seswavlili teqnikuri xerxebis TamaSSi gamoyeneba.

37

TamaSis ZiriTadi moZraobebis sworad aTviseba damokidebulia

pedagogiuri amocanebis Tanmimdevrul da swor dayenebaze. dasawyisSi

sportsmenma unda aiTvisos sawyisi mdgomareoba, gaigos, sxeulis romeli

nawili monawileobs ama Tu im moZraobaSi da rogoria am moZraobebis

mimarTuleba. Semdeg xelburTelma unda iswavlos moZraobebis

Sesruleba optimaluri amplitudiT misTvis mosaxerxebel nebismier

tempSi, bolos ki aoTvisos teqnikuri xerxis calkeuli detalebi.

taqtikuri momzadeba. xelburTelebis taqtikuri momzadeba

gulisxmobs sportuli orTabrZolis wayvanis xelovnebas. is efuZneba

sportsmenis SesaZleblobebs swrafad gaaanalizos Seqmnili saTamaSo

situacia da monaxos mocemuli taqtikuri amocanis Sesrulebis

optimaluri varianti, romelsac gadawyvets partniorebTan erTad.

taqtikuri momzadebis Teoriuli safuZvlebis SeqmnisaTvis farTod unda

iqnas gamoyenebuli xelburTelis individualuri muSaobis yvela forma.

man unda Seiswavlos Sejibrebis wesebi da msajobis Taviseburebani, unda

SeZlos sakuTari saSejibro gamocdilebis detaluri gaanalizeba. ase,

magaliTad, xelburTelis piradi dRiuris garCeva iZl;eva imis

SesaZleblobas, rom daadginos sportuli Sedegebis swrafi zrdis an

daqveiTebis mizezebi, Seudaros sxvadasxva etapebze taqtikuri

momzadebis Taviseburebebs da gaakeTos Sesabamisi daskvnebi.

mizanSewonilia, xelburTelma periodulad, damoukideblad

Seadginos konkretuli Sexvedris taqtikuri gegma (rogorc TavisTvis,

ise gundisTvisac) da Sexvedris damTavrebis Semdeg mwvrTnelTan erTad

Seadaros igi Catarebuli TamaSis msvlelobas, gaaanalizos yovelive da

dasaxos taqtikuri momzadebis Semdgomი srulyofis gzebi.

xelburTelebis taqtikur momzadebaSi naTlad gamoiyofa

meTodurad urTierTdakavSirebuli oTxi amocana:

1. momecadineebSi rTuli reaqciis, yuradRebis, orientirebis,

sazrianobisa da SemoqmedebiTi iniciativis swrafi ganviTareba;

2. TavdasxmaSi da dacvaSi individualuri, jgufuri da gunduri

moqmedebebis daufleba;

3. saTamaSo saSualebebisa da Seswavlili taqtikuri moqmedebebis

efeqturad gamoyenebis uzrunvelyofa sakuTari Zalisa da

SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

4. TamaSis msvlelobis dros gunduri moqmedebebis erTi

variantidan meoreze gadasvlis unaris gamomuSaveba.

38

Tu pirveli ori amocana ZiriTadad Seswavlis pirvel etapze

unda gadawydes, danarCeni ori sportuli srulyofis xangrZlivi

periodis manZilze wydeba.

saTamaSo momzadeba aris xelburTelis sportuli momzadebis

integraluri (mTliani, ganuwyveteli) forma, romelic mimarTulia

orTabrZolis wamyvanis unar-Cvevebis srulyofisaken. saTamaSo

momzadebis ZiriTadi saSualebaa mwvrTnelis mier specialurad

organizebuli ormxrivi saswavlo TamaSi. aucilebeli is ki ar aris,

aseT TamaSSi raime warmatebas miaRwio, aramed is, rom aiTviso brZolis

wayvanis meTodebi, Tvalyuri adevno TamaSis msvlelobas da gaarCio

aucilebeli da saWiro meorexarisxovanisa da SemTxveviTisagan.

saTamaSo momzadebis sworad warmarTvisaTvis saWiroa ramdenadme

gaadvilebul iqnas TamaSis pirobebi an piriqiT, romelime sakontrolo

amocanis Sesrulebis dros xelovnurad SeizRudos dro da sivrce,

sistematurad gaakontrolon xelburTelebis mier ama Tu im saTamaSo

davalebis Sesruleba da, warmatebis SemTxvevaSi, waaxalison isini.

saTamaSo momzadebis efeqtianobis asamaRleblad mizanSewonilia

gamoyenebul iqnas meToduri xerxebis kompleqsebi:

1. saswavlo TamaSi partniorebTan, romlebic moqmedeben momavali

mTavari mowinaaRmdegis savaraudo taqtikuri gegmiT;

2. gundis ZiriTad SemadgenlobaSi saTadarigo moTamaSeebis

Seyvana, romlebsac aseve moeTxovebaT dasaxuli taqtikuri amocanis

Sesruleba;

3. erTi taqtikuri kombinaciidan meoreze gadasvla winaswar

daTqmuli signalis meSveobiT;

4. mowinaaRmdegis mier saTamaSo situaciis an dasaxuli gegmis

Secvlis SemTxvevaSi saTamaSo pirobebis swrafi cvlileba;

5. monawileoba saswavlo TamaSebSi Semcirebuli da gadidebuli

saTamaSo reJimiT.

nebismieri saswavlo TamaSis mimdinareobis procesSi mwvrTnelma

maqsimalurad unda gaamaxvilos yuradReba uburTo TamaSis moqmedebebis

sisworesa da aqtiurobaze, dacvidan TavdasxmaSi gadasvlasa da burTis

karSi gatanis an dakargvis SemTxvevaSi ukan dabrunebaze.

saSejibro momzadeba. gundis SejibrebaSi monawileoba ganixileba

rogorc xelburTelebis momzadebulobis gamovlinebis umaRlesi forma.

39

saSejibro momzadeba Tanamedrove etapze udides mniSvnelobas

iZens. saSejibro pirobebSi gacilebiT metad warmoCindeba sportsmenis

organizmis potenciali. swored შejibreba uwyobs xels xelburTelis

adaptirebas maqsimaluri datvirTvebisadmi, mxolod Sejibrebis procesSi

xdeba sakuTari Zalebis sruli mobilizeba da maTi racionaluri

ganawileba. mowinaaRmdege gundTan SexvedraSi xdeba sakuTari

SesaZleblobebis maqsimumis gamovlena. Tu moTamaSeebi sistematurad

imyofebian erTsa da imave saTamaSo pirobebSi da xvdebian erTsa da imave

gunds, maT SeiZleba gamoumuSavdeT qcevis stereotipuli sistema,

romelic uciloblad miscems bzars, rogorc ki Seiqmneba gansxvavebuli

pirobebi an mowinaaRmdege iqneba ucnobi.

saSejibro momzadebiT mTavrdeba wlis ZiriTadi SejibrebisaTvis

gundis momzadebis procesi. gundebis momzadebis sistemaSi miznobrivi

daniSnulebis mixedviT Sejibrebebs yofen sakontrolo, mimyvan da

ZiriTad Sejibrebebad. TiToeul maTgans Tavisi konkretuli mizani da

amocana aqvs.

saSejibrebo momzadebis saerTo moculoba damokidebulia

gundebis kvalifikaciaze. wliur ciklSi pirveli da meore jgufis

gundebi, romlebic monawileoben saqarTvelos CempionatebSi da Tasis

gaTamaSebebSi, unda atarebdnen 45-55 TamaSs, aqedan 8-10 sakontrolos da

6-8 mimyvans. ufro dabali kvalifikaciis gundebSi saSejibrebo

momzadebis moculoba mcirdeba. am SemTxvevaSi saSejibrebo datvirTvebis

Semcireba unda moxdes ZiriTadi Sejibrebebis Semcirebis xarjze.

fsiqologiuri momzadeba. sportSi fsiqologiuri momzadebis

cneba gulisxmobs kompleqsur pedagogiur process, romelic mimarTulia

sportsmenis nebelobiTi Tvisebebis yovelmxrivi ganviTarebisaken.

xelburTelis fsiqologiuri momzadebis procesSi pirvel rigSi

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos pirovneba, misi temperamenti da xasiaTi,

asaki, gamocdileba, Sejibrebis masStabebi da pirobebi. sportsmenis

fsiqikuri mzadyofnis cnebaSi vgulisxmobT pirovnebis iseT

mdgomareobas, rodesac igi nebismier drosa da pirobebSi axerxebs

sakuTari SesaZleblobebis mobilizebas da am ukanasknelis maqsimalurad

realizebas Sejibrebis eqstremalur pirobebSi. F

ფsiqologiuri momzadebis amocanaa pirvel rigSi xeli Seuwyos

sportsmenis im fsiqikuri procesebisa da Tvisebebis gamovlenasa da

ganviTarebas, romlebic ganapirobeben sportis ama Tu im saxeobaSi

sportsmenis fsiqikur mzadyofnas da mis ganmtkicebas (swored es aris

SejibrebaSi sportsmenis warmatebis erT-erTi aucilebeli piroba).

40

sportis gundur saxeobebSi, kerZod ki xelburTSi, sportsmenis

pirovnebis fsiqikuri mzadyofna bevradaa damokidebuli gundis, rogorc

sportuli koleqtivis fsiqikur mzadyofnaze da, piriqiT, TiToeuli

xelburTelis fsiqikuri mzadyofna ganapirobebs gundis fsiqikur

mzadyofnas. es urTierToba Tavisi bunebiT rTulia. igi eqvemdebareba

socialuri jgufis fsiqologiis kanonzomierebebs, fsiqikuri mzadyofna

sportsmenis maRali gawvrTnilobis ganuyofeli Semadgeneli nawilia.

sportis fsiqologiaSi arCeven fsiqologiuri momzadebis or

saxes _ zogadfsiqologiurs da konkretuli SejibrebisaTvis

fsiqologiur momzadebas.

zogadi fsiqologiuri momzadeba mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi unda

mimdinareobdes sportsmenis fizikur, teqnikur da taqtikur

momzadebasTan erTad. sportsmenis pirovnebis da gundis wevrTa

pirovnuli Tu socialur-fsiqologiuri xasiaTis xarvezebi, naklovani

mxareebi da Taviseburebebi mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs wvrTnisa da

Sejibrebis procesSi warmatebas. aRniSnulis gamo zogadfsiqologiur

momzadebas aucileblad win unda uswrebdes sportsmenis pirovnebisa da

sportuli koleqtivis Taviseburebebis gamovlena, maTi Zlieri da susti

mxareebis dadgena, maTi fsiqologiuri portretebis Seqmna. mwvrTnels

sakuTari empiriuli gamocdilebis niadagze garkveuli informacia aqvs

Tavisi aRsazrdelebis pirovnebis individualuri da koleqtivis

socialur-fsiqologiuri bunebis Sesaxeb. magram, cxadia, es informacia

sruli da yovelTvis sando ar aris, radgan yovel pirovnebas

metnaklebad axasiaTebs Selamazebis tendencia. pirovneba xSirad uars

acxadebs misTvis damaxasiaTebel iseT pirovnul niSnebze, romlebic

socialurad miuRebelia, xolo miiwers iseT pirovnul niSnebs,

romlebic mas ar axasiaTebs, magram socialurad misaRebia. aRniSnulis

Seswavlis niadagze miRebuli masalis mixedviT, rogorc aRvniSneT,

SeiZleba Seiqmnas fsiqologiuri portretebi, romlebSic konkretulad

iqneba warmodgenili sportsmenis pirovnebis Zlieri da susti mxareebi,

romelTa codnis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia imis dadgena, Tu ra

konkretuli saxis fsiqologiur daxmarebas saWiroebs esa Tu is

sportsmeni. fsiqologiuri portretis niadagze iqmneba rekomendaciebi,

romlebSic miTiTebuli iqneba fsiqologiuri xasiaTis naklovani mxare,

xarvezi da maTi gamosworebis, aRmofxvris gzebi.

konkretuli SejibrebisTvis fsiqologiur momzadebaSi gamoyofen

adreuli da uSualo fsiqologiuri momzadebis etapebs.

adreuli fsiqologiuri momzadeba im periodidan iwyeba, rodesac

sportsmenisaTvis cnobili gaxdeba SejibrebaSi misi monawileoba. am

etapze specifikuri amocanebi wydeba. saWiroa momavali Sejibrebis

41

pirobebis Sesaxeb detaluri da rac SeiZleba sruli informacia

(sportuli bazisa da inventaris xarisxis, Sejibrebis debulebis, kvebisa

da sxva). aseve mniSvnelovania informacia savaraudo mowinaaRmdegeTa

Sesaxeb sportuli formis, maTi calkeuli moTamaSeebis individualuri

Taviseburebebis Sesaxeb. amave etapze unda SeimuSaon momavali

Sejibrebis samoqmedo gegma _ taqtikuri sqemebi. xSirad taqtikuri sqema

ar Seesatyviseba Sejibrebisas Seqmnil viTarebas, amitom aucilebelia

taqtikuri sqemis sxvadasxva variantis winaswar SemuSaveba, wvrTnis

procesSi maTi srulyofilad dauflebisa da gamoyenebis Cvevebis

gamomuSaveba. SejibrebaSi monawile sportsmens (gunds) unda dausaxon

konkretuli mizani. am etapze wvrTnis procesis iseTi modelebiT

varjiSobaa aucilebeli, romlebic maqsimalurad iqneba miaxloebuli

momavali Sejibrebis pirobebTan. amave etapidan iwyeba wvrTnis,

dasvenebisa da sxva reJimebis sagangebo dacva.

წვრთნის პრინციპები. როგორც aRvniSneT, xelburTelebis wvrTna swavlebisa

da aRzrdis zogad kanonzomierebebs emyareba, magram sportul wvrTnas,

rogorc aRzrdis gansakuTrebul formas Taviseburebebi axasiaTebs.

sportul wvrTnas aqvs Tavisi specifikuri kanonzomierebebi, rac misi

agebisas aucileblad saWiroebs zogadi principebis dakonkretebas

xelburTis TamaSisa da wvrTnis TaviseburebaTa Sesabamisad. aseTebia:

maRali miRwevebisaken swrafva, saerTo da specialuri momzadebis

erTianoba, sawvrTno procesis uwyvetoba, TandaTanobiTobisa da

“zRvruli” datvirTvis tendenciis urTierTkavSiri, datvirTvis dinamikis

talRuroba da sawvrTno procesis cikluroba.

maRali miRwevebisaken swrafva. xelburTi, iseve rogorc sportis

sxva saxeobebi, warmoudgenelia Sejibrebis gareSe, amitom savsebiT

bunebrivi da kanonzomieria sportsmenis miswrafeba umaRlesi Sedegebis

miRwevisaken. maRali Sedegebisaken miswrafebis realizacia xdeba

sportuli wvrTnis gegmazomieri agebis meSveobiT yvelaze ufro qmediTi

meTodebisa da saSualebebis gamoyenebiT, xelburTSi gaRrmavebuli

specializaciisa da, kerZod, saTamaSo funqciebis mixedviT, yovelwliuri

da mravalwliani varjiSiT.

saerTo da specialuri momzadebis erTianoba. igi xelburTelis

mravalmxriv ganviTarebasa da sportul specializacias Soris

urTierTkavSiris dialeqtikuri gagebidan gamomdinareobs. xelburTSi

specializacia ar gamoricxavs sportsmenis mravalmxriv ganviTarebas,

piriqiT, yvelaze ufro mniSvnelovani progresi SesaZlebelia mxolod

organizmis funqciuri SesaZleblobebis saerTo amaRlebis, fizikuri da

sulieri unarianobis mravalmxrivi ganviTarebis safuZvelze.

42

wvrTnis procesis uwyvetoba. sportuli wvrTna mravalwliani

gegmazomieri saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTi procesia, romlis erT-erTi

aucilebeli da ZiriTadi niSan-Tvisebaa wvrTnis procesis uwyvetoba.

uwyvetobas, rogorc sawvrTno procesis kanonzomierebas, sportSi

axasiaTebs sami ZiriTadi mimarTuleba: 1. sportuli wvrTna mimdinareobs

mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi da mravalwliani mecadineobebis saxiT; 2. am

procesis rgolebs Soris kavSiri uzrunvelyofilia wvrTnis uaxloesi

da kumulaciuri efeqtis uwyveti memkvidreobiTobis safuZvelze; 3.

sawvrTno mecadineobebs Soris intervali iseT farglebSi unda iyos

daculi, rom arsebobdes gawvrTnilobis ganuwyveteli zrdis garantia.

TandaTanobiTobisa da zRvruli datvirTvis tendenciis

urTierTkavSiri. organizmis funqciuri SesaZleblobebis amaRleba

uSualo kavSirSia sawvrTno datvirTvis sididesTan. TandaTanobiT da

ganuxrelad izrdeba xelburTelis fizikuri datvirTva, moTxovnebi

teqnikuri, taqtikuri da fsiqologiuri momzadebulobisadmi. datvirTvis

gazrda xdeba moculobisa da intensivobis gazrdis xarjze, rac icvleba

sawvrTno procesis sxvadasxva etapze. Tanamedrove mecnierulma

gamokvlevebma sportSi cxadyo, rom sportuli miRwevebis zrda sawvrTno

datvirTvis zrdis pirobebSi mimdinareobs.

datvirTvis dinamikis talRuroba. xelburTelebis wvrTnis

procesSi datvirTvis dinamikis talRisebri xasiaTi ganpirobebulia

daRlilobisa da aRdgeniTi procesebis TaviseburebebiT, rac saWiroebs

didi, saSualo da mcire datvirTvisa da dasvenebis monacvleobas

wvrTnis mikrociklSi, etapebsa da periodebSi. talRobrivi cvalebadoba

axasiaTebs rogorc datvirTvis moculobis dinamikas, ise intensivobas.

intensivobisa da moculobis “talRa” erTmaneTs ar emTxveva _

moculobis gazrdis SemTxvevaSi intensivoba mcirdeba da piriqiT.

sawvrTno procesis cikluroba. zemoT aRniSnul

kanonzomierebebTan erTad sportul wvrTnas axasiaTebs mkafiod

gamoxatuli cikluroba. sawvrTno procesis cikluroba niSnavs mis

sistematurad gameorebas drois gansazRvruli monakveTis farglebSi.

yoveli momdevno cikli nawilobrivi gameorebaa da sawvrTno procesis

ganviTarebis tendenciebis gamomxatvelia. axali cikli winasagan

gansxvavdeba Sinaarsis, saSualebebisa da meTodebis nawilobrivi

SecvliT, sawvrTno datvirTvis gazrdiT da a.S. arCeven did _

makrocikls (wliuri da naxevarwliuri), saSualo _ mezocikls (Tviuri)

da mcire _ mikrocikls (kvireuli).

3.2.wvrTnis dagegmva

43

xelburTelis momzadeba axalbedadan maRali klasis sportsmenamde

erTiani sistemaa, romlis Semadgeneli nawilebi urTierTdakavSirebulia

da garkveul mizans emsaxureba.

xelburTelebis mravalwliani momzadebis procesSi dagegmva erT-erTi

mniSvnelovali pirobaa, romelic uzrunvelyofs sportSi miRwevaTa

uwyvet zrdas. dagegmva marTvis ZiriTadi rgolia, romelic gansazRvravs

xelburTelis momzadebis mTeli procesis Sinaarss. gundebis momzadebis

miznebis, amocanebisa da programebis gansazRvra warmoadgens dagegmvis

upirveles amocanas.

xelburTisaTvis, rogorc sxva sportuli TamaSebisaTvis,

damaxasiaTebelia gunduri orTabrZola, romelic moiTxovs rogorc

individualuri, ise gunduri saTamaSo moqmedebebis srulyofas. am

TaviseburebaTa gaTvaliswinebiT dro, romelic eTmoba saswavlo-

sawvrTno process, SeiZleba Semdegnairad ganawildes: fizikur

momzadebaze 20-25%, teqnikur da fsiqologiur momzadebaze 30-35%,

taqtikurda saSejibro momzadebaze _ 45-50%. am cifrebSi SesaZlebelia

garkveuli koreqtivebis Setana moTamaSeTa asakis, kvelifikaciisa da

momzadebis periodebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

xelburTSi SejibrebebisaTvis gamoyofili dReebis raodenoba

gacilebiT metia, vidre sportis sxva saxeobebSi. aqedan gamomdinare,

dReebis Sefardeba, romlebic eTmoba saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebsa

da Sejibrebebs, wliur ciklSi Seadgens daaxloebiT 4:1.

xelburTelTa gundisa da calkeuli moTamaSeebis momzadebis dagegmva

emyareba sportul wvrTnaSi miRebul obieqtur saerTo kanonzomierebebs,

romlebsac ganekuTvneba saerTo da specialuri momzadebis erTianoba,

wvrTnis procesis uwyvetoba, TandaTanobiTobisa da zRvruli

datvirTvebis urTierTkavSiri, datvirTvis dinamikis talRobrioba da

sawvrTno procesis cvalebadoba.

erT sezonSi miRweuli moTamaSeTa funqcionalur SesaZleblobaTa

ganviTarebis dones ganmtkiceba da srulyofa sWirdeba momdevnoSi.

forsirebuli momzadeba xels uSlis maRali Sedegebis miRwevas da zians

ayenebs sportsmenis janmrTelobas.

dagegmvis dokumentebi ise unda iqnas Sedgenili, rom maTSi

gaTvakliswinebuli iyos sportsmenis harmoniuli ganviTarebis

uzrunvelyofa, fizikuri da moraluri SesaZleblobebis srulyofa,

movarjiSeTa asaki, sqesi, fizikuri ganviTarebisa da momzadebis done,

dro, winamdebare Sejibrebebis masStabebi, materialur-teqnikuri baza da

wvrTnis procesis organizaciis sxva pirobebi. unda ganisazRvros

dasaxuli samuSaos moculoba da Sinaarsi. gaangariSebul unda iqnas

44

dro, vadebi da saboloo Sedegi. sportuli wvrTnis pirobebis

Sesabamisad dasaSvebia gegmebSi Sesworebebisa da cvlilebebis Setana.

gegmebis Sedgenisas aucilebelia gaanalizebul iqnas gasuli wlebis

gegmebi, maTi amocanebi da Sinaarsi, Sesrulebis xarisxi. gansakuTrebuli

yuradReba gamaxvilebuli unda iqnas daSvebul Secdomebze da maTi

aRmofxvris gzebze. yoveli momdevno gegma miznad unda isaxavdes

moTxovnilebaTa gazrdis aucileblobas.

dagegmvis saxeebi. xelburTelebis momzadebaSi arsebobs dagegmvis

ori erTmaneTTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli saxe _ gunduri da

individualuri. sportul wvrTnaSi saerTod da xelburTSi kerZod

arCeven dagegmvis Semdeg saxeebs: perspeqtiuls (ramodenime welze) da

operatiuls (periodze, etapze, Tveze, mecadineobaze).

perspeqtiuli dagegmva. perspeqtiuli gegmis Sedgena rTuli da

Sromatevadi saqmea. calkeuli xelburTelebisa da mTlianad gundis

SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT dagegmva mwvrTnelisagan moiTxovs

sportuli wvrTnis safuZvlebis Rrma codnasa da prognozirebis unars.

rogorc wesi, xelburTi gunduri TamaSia da, ra Tqma unda, perspeqtiuli

gegmac mTlianad gundze unda Sedges. magram sportuli TamaSis sirTule

swored imaSi mdgomareobs, rom aq aucilebelic aris individualuri

perspeqtiuli gegmis Sedgena.

perspeqtiuli dagegmareba aucilebelia rogorc mozrdilTa, ise

iuniorTa gundebisaTvis. bavSvTa gundebisaTvis perspeqtiuli momzadebis

dagegmvis wamyvan dokuments warmoadgens bavSvTa da mozardTa sportuli

skolebis programebi, romlebSic mkafiod aris gansazRvruli moTxovnebi

yvela asakobrivi jgufisaTvis.

perspeqtiuli gegmis Sedgenis dros aanalizeben gundisa da

TiToeuli moTamaSis Sedegebs da sawyis monacemebs, swavloben TamaSis

ganviTarebis ZiriTad kanonzomierebebs, gansazRvraven moTamaSeTa

fizikuri, teqnikuri da taqtikuri momzadebis cvlilebebis dinamikas,

ganazogadeben mecnieruli kvlevis Sedegebs da yovelive amis safuZvelze

adgenen gegmas ramodenime welze. gegmis Sedgenis dros unda

ixelmZRvanelon moTamaSeTa janmrTelobis, fizikuri ganviTarebisa da

funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebis monacemebiT.

perspeqtiuli dagegmvis dokumentebi da maTi ZiriTadi Sinaarsi

perspeqtiuli dagegmvisaTvis adgenen Semdeg dokumentebs: 1.

gundur perspeqtiul gegmas; 2. individualur perspeqtiul gegmas.

45

momzadebis perspeqtiuli gegma Sedgeba ori monawilisagan:

teqstisa da ZiriTadi maCveneblebis grafikisagan.

gundis momzadebis perspeqtiuli gegmis sanimuSo gegma da

misi ZiriTadi Sinaarsi

1. momzadebis mizani. saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis ZiriTadi

mimarTulebebisa da ciklis umTavresi Sejibrebis saboloo Sedegis

dasaxva.

2. gundis dakompleqteba da rezervis momzadeba. gundis

dakompleqtebis mdgomareobis gansazRvra da srulfasovani rezervis

momzadeba.

3. SejibrebebSi monawileoba. saSejibro momzadebis amocanebis

dasaxva wlebis moxedviT, TamaSebis saerTo raodenoba, maT Soris

kalendaruli da sakontrolo; ZiriTadi Sejibrebebis CamoTvla,

romlebSic savaraudoa gundis monawileoba; maTi Sedegebis

prognozireba.

4. sawvrTneli datvirTva. sawvrTneli datvirTvis ZiriTadi

amocanebis gansazRvra, wlebis mixedviT datvirTvis, misi moculobisa da

intensivobis gansazRvra.

5. momzadebis periodizacia. momzadebis wliuri ciklebis

periodebis ZiriTadi amocanebis dasaxva, maTi principuli struqtura;

wlebis mixedviT momzadebis etapebisa da maTi xangrZlivobis gansazRvra.

6. momzadebis done da saSualebebi. momzadebis TiToeuli mxaris

(fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri, fsiqologiuri, Teoriuli) ZiriTadi

amocanebisa da mimarTulebebis gansazRvra. fizikur da teqnikur

momzadebaSi sakontrolo varjiSebis normatiuli moTxovnebis dadgena.

7. aRricxva, pedagogiuri da saeqimo kontroli, TviTkontroli.

sakontrolo normativebis Catarebis, samedicino Semowmebis, aRricxvis

mTeli sistemis, kontrolisa da TviTkontrolis Catarebis vadebis

dadgena.

gegmis Sinaarsis TvalsaCino formaa grafiki, sadac SeaqvT

momzadebis sxvadasxva mxareebze wliuri maCveneblebi. aseTi grafikis

forma warmodgenilia cxrilSi #4.

46

cxrili 4

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rogorc aRvniSneT, gundur da individualur gegmebs adgenen

erTmaneTis sruli SesabamisobiT. individualur perspeqtiul dagegmvaSi

ama Tu im xelburTelis SesaZleblobebisa da saTamaSo funqciebis

gaTvaliswinebiT akonkreteben gunduri gegmis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs.

|?

individualuri perspeqtiuli gegmis sanimuSo forma

da misi ZiriTadi Sinaarsi

1. sportsmenis piradi monacemebi. saerTo da antropometruli.

2. momzadebis mizani da ZiriTadi amocanebi. umTavres sportul

Sejibrebaze saboloo Sedegi da am miznis misaRwevad moTamaSis

momzadebis ZiriTadi amocanebi.

3. sawvrTno datvirTvebi. saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebis (maT

Soris gundurisa da individualuris) raodenoba, mecadineobebis

moculoba saaTobiT.

47

4. momzadebis done, amocanebi da ZiriTadi saSualebebi.

TavdasxmaSi taqtikuri momzadeba (swrafi garRvevisa da poziciuri

Tavdasxmis dros), dacvaSi taqtikuri momzadeba (sxvadasxva sistemis

dros), teqnikur-taqtikuri momzadebis ZiriTadi saSualebebi, saTamaSo

maCveneblebi, davalebebi fizikur momzadebaSi, sakontrolo varjiSebi da

fizikuri momzadebulobis maCveneblebi, fsiqologiuri momzadeba

(saerTo da saTamaSo disciplina, nebelobiTi Tvisebebi), qceva rTul

konfliqtur situaciaSi da sakuTari emociebis marTva, Teoriuli

momzadeba (individualuri wvrTnis Catarebis unari, mecadineobebisa da

TamaSis, TviTkontrolis monacemebis analizi da a.S.).

5. saeqimo, pedagogiuri kontroli da TviTkontroli. saeqimo

kontroli (ZiriTadi da ganmeorebiTi saeqimo Semowmebis vada).

Ppedagogiuri kontroli (sakontrolo varjiSebis normatiuli

moTxovnebis Cabarebis TariRebi). TviTkontroli (dRiuris wera).

xelburTSi sawvrTno procesis erTianobas uzrunvelyofen

sportuli wvrTnis struqturis safuZvelze da gansazRvraven obieqtur

kanonzomierebebs (saerTo da specialuri momzadebis erTianobas,

uwyvetobas, ciklurobas da sxva). wvrTnis agebis konkretul formaze

gavlenas axdens sportuli saqmianobis ZiriTadi pirobebis erToblioba:

cxovrebis saerTo reJimi, Sejibrebis kalendari da a.S. im drois

xangrZlivobis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlis farglebSic xdeba sawvrTno

procesis ama Tu im rgolis organizacia. arCeven: mikrostruqturas _

calkeuli sawvrTneli mecadineobisa da mikrociklis (magaliTad,

kvireulis) struqturas; mezostruqturas _ wvrTnis etapebis

struqturas, romelic moicavs SedarebiT damTavrebul ramodenime

mikrocikls (erT Tvemde); makrostruqturas _ naxevarwliuri, wliuri da

mravalwliani tipis didi sawvrTneli ciklebis struqturas.

mimdinare (wliuri) dagegmva perspeqtiuli dagegmvis Semadgeneli

nawilia da gamoirCeva wvrTnis saSualebebisa da sakontrolo

davalebebis konkretulobiT, momzadebis mxareebze drois ganawilebis

sizustiT.

fizikuri varjiSebis saSualebiT sportsmeni drois garkveul

monakveTSi aRwevs mamoZravebeli SesaZleblobebis sakmaod maRal dones,

magram SeuZlebelia am mdgomareobis SenarCuneba mTeli wlis manZilze.

sportuli formis TandaTanobiTi ganviTarebis kanonzomierebebidan

gamomdinare (formis SeZena, stabilizacia, droebiTi daqveiTeba),

xelburTelTa saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebis wliur gegmas adgenen

sportuli wvrTnis periodizaciis principebze.

48

sportis TeoriaSi miRebulia wvrTnis wliuri ciklis dayofa

mosamzadebel, saSejibro da gardamaval periodebad, romlebic mTlianad

Seesabameba sportuli formis ganviTarebis sam ZiriTad fazas _

Camoyalibebas, stabilizacias da umaRlesi donis miRwevas, droebiT

daqveiTebas.

Mmimdinare (wliuri) dagegmvis dokumentebi. mimdinare gegmaSi

konkretizirdeba perspeqtiuli gegma erTi wlis farglebSi. gunduri

(jgufuri) dagegmvisaTvis saWiroa saswavlo gegmis, programisa da

saswavlo gegmis gavlis grafiki.

saswavlo gegmaSi unda aisaxos saswavlo muSaobis Sinaarsi,

momzadebis calkeul ganayofebze garkveul saaTTa raodenoba da maTi

ganawileba periodebis mixedviT.

programa gansazRvravs fizikuri ganviTarebisa da sportul-

teqnikuri momzadebulobis im dones, romelsac unda miaRwion

momecadineebma. igi aseve gansazRvravs sxvadasxva ganayofebis mixedviT

Teoriuli da praqtikuli mecadineobebis Sinaarss.

programebis SinaarsSi aucineblad dakonkretdes calkeuli

amocanebi momecadineTa Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT (asaki, sqesi,

janmrTelobis mdgomareoba, fizikuri da teqnikur-taqtikuri

momzadebuloba). aseve aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebelia saswavlo gegmis

saaTTa raodenoba.

grafikSi unda aisaxos saswavlo gegmis ganayofebis

Tanmimdevroba ciklebis, periodebisa da etapebis mixedviT, fizikur da

teqnikur momzadebaSi sakontrolo varjiSebis normativebis Cabarebis

Tanmimdevroba da vadebi.

umaRlesi rangis gundebisaTvis saswavlo gegma, grafiki da

programa gaerTianebulia erT dokumentSi _ momzadebis wliur gegma-

grafikSi.

operatiuli dagegmva. operatiuli gegmebi dgeba wlis calkeul

periodebze (etapze an Tveze) da TiToeul sawvrTnel mecadineobaze.

operatiuli dagegmvis DZiriTadi dokumentebia: samuSao gegma, sawvrTno

mecadineobebis gegma-konspeqti da mecadineobebis cxrili.

samuSao gegmaSi momzadebis saSualebebisa da sawvrTno

datvirTvebisdagegmva efuZneba wvrTnis kvireuli ciklis (mikrociklis)

kanonzomierebebs. samuSao gegma dgeba wliuri gegmisa da gegma-grafikis

safuZvelze, romlebSic miTiTebulia saswavlo-sawvrTno muSaobis

ganayofebi da dro am ganayofebis gavlisaTvis (saaTebis raodenoba),

teqnikuri xerxebis Seswavlisa da srulyofis, fizikuri Tvisebebis

49

ganviTarebis meTodika, momzadebis sxvadasxva mxareebis sanormativo

moTxovnebi. mocemulia aseve sawvrTno datvirTvebis moculoba da

intensivoba.

3.3. sportuli wvrTnis periodizacia

sportis yvela saxeobisa da xelburTisTvisac wliuri wvrTnis

cikli Sedgeba sami periodisagan: mosamzadebeli, saSejibro da

gardamavali.

wlis ganmavlobaSi xelburTSi SeiZleba iyos erTi (zamTris an

zafxulis) an ori (zamTari da zafxuli) sportuli sezoni, amitom

sportuli wvrTnis dagegmvisas unda gaiTvaliswinon erTi an ori didi

cikli.

3.3.1. mosamzadebeli periodi iwyeba momzadebis axali ciklis

pirvelive mecadineobidan da mTavrdeba ZiriTadi Sejibrebis pirveli

kalendaruli TamaSis dawyebisas. am periodSi eyreba safuZveli momaval

warmatebebs, amitom igi rac SeiZleba xangrZlivi unda iyos.

mosamzadebel periodSi xdeba axali meToduri saSualebebis mosinjva,

romlebic mimarTulia fizikuri Tvisebebis ganviTarebis, teqnikuri,

taqtikuri da fsiqologiuri momzadebis srulyofisaken. moTamaSeebs

sinjaven ZiriTad SemadgenlobaSi.

yoveli mosamzadebeli periodi iyofa sam etapad:

pirveli etapis ZiriTadi amocanaa sportuli formis SesaZenad

winapirobebis Seqmna da ganviTareba. am amocanis gadaWra damokidebulia

momzadbis yvela ganayofze (mxareze), magram maTi xvedriTi wili

gansxvavebulia. am etapze mTavar rols asrulebs fizikuri momzadeba,

romelsac eTmoba saerTo drois 40-50%. man unda uzrunvelyos

organizmis funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebis amaRleba. e.i. Seqmnas

safuZveli, romelic Semdeg specialuri fizikuri momzadebis saSualebiT

am unarCvevebis srulyofis SesaZleblobas mogvcems.

am etapze teqnikuri momzadeba meore adgilzea da mas drois 35-

40% eTmoba. moTamaSeebi iTviseben axal teqnikur xerxebs, adre

Seswavlilidan asworeben Secdomebs, mimdinareobs Semdgomi srulyofa.

taqtikur da saTamaSo momzadebas saerTo drois daaxloebiT 20-

25% eTmoba. misi ZiriTadi mimarTulebaa saerTo saTamaSo Cvevebis

50

aRdgena, individualuri da gunduri taqtikuri momzadebis SeZena da

srulyofa.

mosamzadebeli periodis mTel etapze gansakuTrebuli yuradReba

eTmoba fsiqologiur momzadebas. pirvel etapze mimdinareobs sportuli

Sromismoyvareobis aRzrda, nebelobiTi SesaZleblobebis srulyofa,

romlebsac gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs warmatebis mopovebaSi.

aseve yvela etapze mimdinareobs Teoriuli momzadeba: aanalizeben

wina sezonis Sedegebs, momecadineebi ecnobian wlis Sejibrebebis

kalendars, swavloben dRiuris wayvanis principebs, ecnobian

individualuri gegmebis Sedgenasa da sakontrolo normativebs.

sawvrTno datvirTvis dinamikis saerTo tendencias pirvel etapze

axasiaTebs misi moculobisa da intensivobis TandaTanobiTi gadideba

moculobis upiratesi zrdiT. am dros datvirTvis intensivoba izrdeba

iseTi odenobiT, rom igi xels ar uSlis samuSaos didi moculobiT

Sesrulebas. aqedan gamomdinare, bunebrivia, datvirTvis moculobis

zrdis tempi sagrZnoblad didia, vidre intensivobisa. Tu mosamzadebeli

periodis pirvel etapze gazrdian intensivobas, bunebrivia, Semcirdeba

muSaobis moculoba, romlis gareSe SeuZlebelia xelburTelis

organizmze saerTo zemoqmedebis ganxorcieleba. am gziT gamoiwveven

forsirebul wvrTnas, romelic SemdgomSi amuxruWebs intensivobis

matebas da, cxadia, sportuli formis ganviTarebas, mis mdgradobas. es

kanonzomiereba aucileblad unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli mosamzadebel

periodSi wvrTnis agebisas. wvrTnis aRniSnuli etapis damTavrebisTanave

aucilebelia saerTo fizikuri momzadebis sakontrolo varjiSebis

normativebis Cabareba.

meore etapis ZiriTadi amocanaagawvrTnilobis maqsimaluri donis

miRweva. aq sagrZnoblad izrdeba specialuri fizikuri momzadebis

xvedriTi wona, romelic emsaxureba miRweuli saerTo gawvrTnilobis

SenarCunebasa da ganmtkicebas.

fizikur momzadebas daaxloebiT 25-30%-s uTmoben. meti dro

eTmoba teqnikur momzadebas _ 30-35%, sadac ZiriTadi yuradReba eTmoba

burTis flobisa da moedanze gadaadgilebis teqnikis aTvisebasa da

srulyofas.

gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs am etapze taqtikur momzadebas,

romelsac saerTo drois 40-45%-s uTmoben. aq xdeba gundis ZiriTadi

Semadgenlobis dazusteba, sxvadasxva saTamaSo adgilebze (mekaris,

kuTxis, xazis, Suamarbis, gamTamaSeblis)moTamaSeTa gasinjva, axali

taqtikuri moqmedebebisa da variantebis aTviseba-srulyofa. xdeba

fsiqologiuri momzadebis axal-axali meToduri saSualebebis mosinjva.

51

mTeli muSaoba mimarTulia siZneleebis gadalaxvis Cvevebis

gamomuSavebisaken.

Teoriuli momzadeba miznad isaxavs: wvrTnis saerTo safuZvlebis

Seswavlas, dRiurSi gakeTebuli Canawerebis analizs, individualuri

davalebebis Sesrulebis ganxilvas. Teoriul mecadineobebze

xelburTelebi gamoTqvamen TavianT mosazrebebs teqnikuri da taqtikuri

momzadebis sakiTxebze.

meore etapze fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri da saTamaSo

momzadebisaTvis atareben specialur da kompleqsur mecadineobebs

wvrTnis individualuri, jgufuri da gunduri meTodebis gamoyenebiT.

izrdeba wvrTnis saSejibro meTodebis xvedriTi wona. stabiluri xdeba

datvirTvis saerTo moculoba, maRldeba varjiSebis Sesrulebis

intensivoba.

mesame etapze mTavrdeba moTamaSeTa specialur saSejibro ritmSi

gadayvana da sportuli formis Camoyalibebis procesi. momzadebis

mxareebis xvedriTi wonis Tanafardoba isev meryeobs. sawvrTno

mecadineobebi Seerwymis saSejibro momzadebas.

fizikuri momzadeba, romelsac saerTo drois daaxloebiT 20-25%

eTmoba, mimarTulia saerTo gawvrTnilobis SesanarCuneblad. TiTqmis

orjer meti dro eTmoba specialur fizikur momzadebas saerTosTan

SedarebiT. aq did yuradrebas uTmoben iseTi saSualebebis gamoyenebas,

romlebic xels uwyoben sportsmenebs Sromisunarianobis swraf da

mTlian aRdgenaSi.

fizikuri Tvisebebis ganviTarebisaTvis iyeneben kompleqsur

meTodebs. isini ZiriTadad mimarTulia siswrafis, swraf-Zalismieri

Tvisebebisa da specialuri gamZleobis ganviTarebisaken.

teqnikuri momzadeba moicavs saerTo drois TiTqmis 30-35%-s.

teqnikuri ostatoba SesaZlo srulyofamde midis. teqnikuri xerxebi

sruldeba gaZnelebul pirobebSi.

taqtikur, saTamaSo da saSejibro momzadebas saerTo drois

daasxloebiT 45-50% eTmoba (ZiriTadad saTamaSo da saSejibros).

fsiqologiur momzadebaSi met dros da yuradRebas uTmoben

koleqtivis sabrZolo ganwyobilebas, sakuTari Zalebisadmi rwmenas.

am etapze tardeba sakontrolo normativebis Cabareba fizikur da

teqnikur momzadebaSi, imarTeba amxanaguri da sakontrolo TamaSebi,

sadac uSualod brZolis procesSi mowmdeba gundis teqnikur-taqtikuri

ostatobis done.

52

garkveuli cvlilebebi SeimCneva datvirTvis dinamikaSi _

ramdenadme mcirdeba sawvrTneli datvirTvis moculoba, matulobs maTi

intensivoba. am periodSi mTavrdeba gundis da calkeuli moTamaSeebis

momzadeba wlis mTavari SejibrebisaTvis.

3.3.2. saSejibro periodi iwyeba pirveli ZiriTadi kalendaruli

TamaSiT da mTavrdeba ukanaskneliT, xelburTelebisaTvis, rogorc wesi,

wliur ciklSi aris ori saSejibro periodi _ zamTris da zafxulis.

mosamzadebeli periodisagan gansxvavebiT, mas ara aqvs erTiani Sinagani

struqtura. igi damokidebulia SejibrebaTa raodenobaze da TamaSebis

kalendris agebis principebze.

saSejibro periodis struqturisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia sami tipiuri varianti:

pirveli varianti. Tavisi Sinagani struqturiT saSejibroperiodi

erTgvarovania, yoveli kvireuli cikli erTmaneTs hgavs. aseTi

struqturisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia erTi Sejibrebis Catareba

kalendaruli TamaSebisa da maT Soris intervalebis Tanabari

monacvleobiT.

meore varianti. saSejibro periodis struqtura araerTgvarovania.

igi Sedgeba sakuTriv saSejibro etapebisagan, romelTa Soris intervali

grZeldeba ramodenime kviras. TamaSebis aseT kalendars adgenen turebis

principiT _ tardeba ramodenime turi, romelTa Soris intervali

ramodenime kviraa.

mesame varianti _ saSejibrebo periodis struqtura aerTianebs

pirvel da meore variantebs. aseT variants iyeneben ramodenime

Sejibrebis Catarebis dros. magaliTad, jer tardeba Sejibreba

erTjeradi principiT, kalendaruli TamaSebisa da maT Soris

intervalebis Tanabari monacvleobiT, Semdeg ki turebisa turnirebis

principiT.

saSejibro periodis ZiriTadi amocanaa maqsimalurad stabiluri

Sedegebis miRweva. am amocanis gansaxorcieleblad saWiroa rogorc

sportuli formis SenarCuneba, ise moTamaSeTa momzadebulobis

srulyofa. datvirTvis saerTo moculoba dasawyisSi mcirdeba, Semdeg ki

stabiluri xdeba. intensivoba matulobs maqsimumamde da am doneze isic

stabiluri xdeba. turebsa da Sejibrebebs Soris intervalebis

drosdatvirTvis moculoba da intensivoba meryeobs talRobrivad _

moculoba matulobs, intensivoba ki klebulobs.

53

gardamavali periodi iwyeba saSejibrebo periodis ukanaskneli

Sexvedris damTavrebidan da grZeldeba wvrTnis axali ciklis

dawyebamde. momecadineebi gadaerTvebian iseT moqmedebebze, romlebic

xels Seuwyobs maT dasvenebas da gawvrTnilobis garkveul doneze

SenarCunebas, raTa garkveulwilad momzadebulebi Sexvdnen axal

saswavlo cikls. aq yvelaze moRebuli formaa aqtiuri dasveneba, sadac

gamoiyeneben sportis sxva saxeobebs, gansakuTrebiT sportul TamaSebs

(fexburTi, kalaTburTi, frenburTi, CogburTi da sxva).

gardamaval periodSi garkveulwilad mcirdeba datvirTvis

saerTo moculoba da gansakuTrebiT intensivoba.

wvrTnis ciklebis, periodebisa da etapebis sanimuSo vadebi da

xangrZlivoba naCvenebia grafikze:

sportuli momzadebis sanimuSo

grafiki #1

(wlis mTavari Sejibreba zamTris ciklSia)

Semodgoma-zamTris cikli 1 seqtembridan 10 maisamde

mosamzadebeli periodi 1 seqtembridan 15dekembramde

pirveli etapi 1-30 seqtemberi

meore etapi 1-31 oqtomberi

mesame etapi 1 noembridan 15 dekembramde

saSejibrebo periodi 15 dekembridan 20 aprilamde

gardamavali periodi 20 aprilidan 10 maisamde

gazafxul-zafxulis cikli 11 maisidan 31 agvistomde

mosamzadebeli periodi 11 maisidan 15 ivnisamde

saSejibrebo periodi 16 ivnisidan 31 ivlisamde

gardamavali periodi 1-31 agvisto

sportuli momzadebis sanimuSo

grafiki #2

(wlis mTavari Sejibreba zafxulis ciklSia)

Semodgoma-zamTris cikli 1 oqtombridan 20 aprilamde

54

mosamzadebeli periodi 1 oqtombridan 15dekembramde

pirveli etapi 1-31 oqtomberi

meore etapi 1-25 noemberi

mesame etapi 26 noembridan 15 dekembramde

saSejibrebo periodi 16 dekembridan 30 martamde

gardamavali periodi 1-20 aprili

gazafxul-zafxulis cikli 21 aprilidan 31 agvistomde

mosamzadebeli periodi 21 aprilidan 15 ivlisamde

pirveli etapi 21 aprilidan 5 maisamde

meore etapi 6-25 maisi

mesame etapi 26 maisidan 15 ivnisamde

saSejibrebo periodi 16 ivnisidan 31 agvistomde

gardamavali periodi 1-30 seqtemberi

3.4. sawvrTno procesis organizacia. momzadebis gunduri da,

gansakuTrebiT, individualuri gegmebis realizaciisaTvis pirobebis

Seqmna warmoadgens wvrTnis procesis organizaciis ZiriTad amocanas.

organizaciis formis mixedviT sawvrTno mecadineobebi iyofa

individualur, jgufur da gundur mecadineobebad.

wvrTnis individualuri forma SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos ori

variantiT: damoukidebeli mecadineoba mwvrTnelis gareSe da misi

xelmZRvanelobiT. misi ZiriTadi amocanaa individualuri sportuli

ostatobis aRzrda. individualuri mecadineobebi SeiZleba erTdroulad

Cautardes yvelas an moTamaSeTa garkveul jgufs ise, rom TiToeuli

sportsmeni asrulebdes damoukidebel davalebas.

wvrTnis jgufur formas iyeneben mTeli sawvrTno mecadineobis

procesSi an mis calkeul nawilebSi. mecadineobis Catarebis aseTi forma

iZleva imis saSualebas, rom sxvadasxva jgufebSi ganawildes yvela

moTamaSe saTamaSo ampluebis mixedviT da maT damoukidebeli davalebebi

mieceT.

55

gunduri wvrTnis dros moTamaSeebi wyveten, koleqtiuri

moqmedebebidan gamomdinare, saerTo da pirad amocanebs. taqtikuri da

saTamaSo momzadebawarmoadgens am formis ZiriTad mimarTulebas.

ZiriTadi Sinaarsis mixedviT sawvrTno mecadineobebi aris

Tematuri da kompleqsuri.

Tematuri mecadineobebi eZRvneba momzadebis erT romelime saxes:

fizikurs, teqnikurs, taqtikurs an saTamaSos, kompleqsuri ki _

momzadebis or an met saxes (magaliTad, fizikuri da teqnikuri an

fizikuri da saTamaSo). agebis mixedviT arCeven frontalur da wriul

mecadineobebs.

frontaluri wvrTnis dros yvela xelburTeli asrulebs erTsa

da imave varjiSebs. mecadineobis Catarebis am formas mimarTaven kerZo

amocanebis gadasawyvetad erTi sawvrTno mecadineobis farglebSi.

frontaluri wvrTna mimdinareobs sxvadasxva mwyobrSi _ mwkrivSi,

kolonaSi, wreSi da a.S.

wvrTnis wliuri mecadineobis organizaciisaTvis aucilebelia

savarjiSo moedanze specialuri mowyobilobebiTa da inventariT

aRWurvili e.w. “sadgurebis” mowyoba. Yovel “sadgurze” moTamaSeebi

asruleben gansazRvrul programebs fizikur, teqnikur an taqtikur

momzadebaSi. moTamaSeebi sxvadasxva niSniT nawildebian jgufebSi

“sadgurebis” raodenobisa da programebis mixedviT. mecadineobebis aseTi

formiT organizebis dros sawvrTno davalebebi wriulad sruldeba.

mkacrad reglamentirebuli intervaliT xelburTelebi rigrigobiT

gadian yvela “sadgurs”. mecadineobebis Catarebis wriuli sistema iZleva

wvrTnis meTodebisa da saSualebebis varirebis farTo SesaZleblobebs.

sawvrTno mecadineobebis struqtura. sawvrTno mecadineoba

Sedgeba sami nawilisagan: mosamzadebeli, ZiriTadi da daskvniTi.

mosamzadebeli nawili emsaxureba ZiriTadi nawilisaTvis

winapirobebis Seqmnas. misi amocanebia: movarjiSeTa organizacia,

Semdgomi muSaobis Sinaarsis gacnoba da misi SesrulebisaTvis

fsiqologiuri ganwyobis Seqmna. wvrTnis mosamzadebeli nawilis

xangrZlivoba 10-20 wuTia.

ZiriTadi nawili emsaxureba mTavari amocanebis gadawyvetas,

romelic mimarTuli unda iyos fizikuri ganviTarebis donis amaRlebis,

specialuri fizikuri Tvisebebis aRzrdis, sportuli teqnikis, taqtikisa

da saTamaSo momzadebis Seswavlisaken.

56

wvrTnis amocanebi da Sinaarsi damokidebulia moTamaSeTa

kvalifikaciaze da momzadebis etapze. wvrTnis ZiriTadi xangrZlivoba ar

unda iyos 70 wuTze naklebi.

daskvniTi nawili iTvaliswinebs datvirTvis TandaTanobiT

daqveiTebas. misi xangrZlivoba 5-10 wuTia.

mecadineobis xangrZlivoba damokidebulia momecadineTa

Semadgenlobaze (asakze), wvrTnis amocanebze, muSaobis meTodebsa da sxva

faqtorebze. misi saSualo xangrZlivoba 90-120 wuTia.

3.5. pedagogiuri kontroli, aRricxva da informacia

marTvis nebismieri procesi iwyeba marTvis obieqtis mdgomareobis

Sesaxeb informaciis miRebiT. saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis efeqturi

marTvisaTvis aucilebelia xelburTelis funqciuri mdgomareobis,

sawvrTno da saSejibro datvirTvis gadatanis, fizikuri Tvisebebis

ganviTarebisa da sportuli ostatobis donis Sesaxeb obieqturi

informaciis miReba. am monacemebis miReba SesaZlebelia sworad

dayenebuli kontrolisa da aRricxvis meSveobiT.

informaciis saxeebi. xelburTelTa momzadebis procesSi aucilebelia operatiuli, mimdinare, saetapo da saboloo (Semajamebeli)

informacia.

operatiulobaSi igulisxmeba informacia, romelic miRebuli

iqneba uSualod saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebis an SejibrebaSi

monawileobis mimdinareobis procesSi.

mimdinare informacia ukve Catarebuli saswavlo-sawvrTno

mecadineobis an konkretuli TamaSis Sesaxeb informaciaa. mas

gamoiyeneben momdevno mecadineobis an TamaSis Casatareblad, roca,

bunebrivia, aRiniSneba wina SexvedraSi daSvebuli xarvezebi.

saetapo informacia naTel warmodgenas iZleva saswavlo-sawvrTno

procesis ama Tu im monakveTSi (TveSi, etapze) Catarebuli muSaobis

Sesaxeb. igi aucilebelia xelburTelTa momzadebis Semdgomi etapebis

samuSao gegmebis SemuSavebisaTvis.

saboloo (Semajamebeli) informacia xelburTelTa momzadebis

zamTris an zafxulis ciklis, wliuri an perspeqtiuli gegmis amocanebis

Sesrulebis Sesaxeb informaciaa. iseve, rogorc saetapo informacia,

saboloo informacia aucilebelia xelburTelTa momzadebis Semdgomi

gegmebis SemuSavebisaTvis.

57

kontroli da aRricxva. informaciis miRebis ZiriTadi saSualebaa

kontroli da aRricxva. informaciis damatebiTi wyaroebia saeqimo

kontrolisa da xelburTelis TviTkontrolis monacemebi.

sworad da sistematurad Catarebuli pedagogiuri kontroli da

aRricxva mwvrTnelis muSaobis warmatebis aucilebeli pirobaa.

pedagogiuri kontrolisa da aRricxvis monacemebi mwvrTnelebs

saSualebas aZlevs Tvalyuri adevnon dasaxuli gegmis Sesrulebas,

gansazRvron momzadebis procesSi gamoyenebuli saSualebebisa da

meTodebis efeqturoba, gamonaxon saswavlo-sawvrTno procesisa da

aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis gaumjobesebisa da srulyofis axali gzebi.

kontrolis ZiriTadi amocana imdenad is ki ar aris, rom mxolod

daafiqsiros saqmis faqtiuri mdgomareoba an gansazRvros esa Tu is

naklovani mxare, ramdenadac miRebuli informaciis swrafad gaanalizeba

da mis safuZvelze drouli koreqtivebis Setana, rac ganapirobebs

momzadebis maRalefeqturobas.

pedagogiur kontrols axorcieleben saswavlo-sawvrTno

mecadineobebisa da Sejibrebebis procesSi. kontrolis es ori mxare

urTierTdakavSirebulia da avsebs erTmaneTs.

saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebis procesSi kontrols

axorcieleben Semdeg ZiriTad ganayofebze: a) saswavlo-sawvrTno

mecadineobebisadmi movarjiSeTa damokidebulebaze; b) wvrTnis

saSualebebis gamoyenebasa da mis efeqturobaze; g) gawvrTnilobis

mdgomareobaze.

saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebisadmi movarjiSeTa

damokidebulebaze kontrols axorcieleben aRricxvis saSualebiT da

maTi qcevis SefasebiT. sportul wvrTnaSi Sefasebis kriteriumad

miRebulia mecadineobebze daswreba da aqtiurobis gamovlena,

varjiSebisadmi seriozuli damokidebuleba da mwvrTnelis yovelgvari

davalebebis aucilebeli Sesruleba, Sromismoyvareoba, siZneleebis

gadalaxva, yuradReba da disciplina. yovel mecadineobaze daswrebisa da

xelburTelTa aqtivobis Sedegebi mwvrTnelma unda Caweros Jurnalsa da

dRiurSi.

wvrTnis saSualebebis gamoyenebaze kontroli xorcieldeba

Jurnalis meSveobiT, romelSic mwvrTneli wers sawvrTno mecadineobebis

Sinaarss. am SemTxvevaSi Sefasebis kriteriumad miRebulia sawvrTno

mecadineobebis Sinaarsis xarisxobrivi Sefardeba gegmur davalebasTan.

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sawvrTno varjiSebs akontroleben sami mimarTulebiT:

moculobis, intensivobisa da movarjiSeTa mier datvirTvis gadatanis

Sedegebis mixedviT.

sawvrTno datvirTvis moculobaze kontroli xorcieldeba

calkeul varjiSebze daxarjuli drois mixedviT da yoveli

mecadineobis xangrZlivobis Sedegad. am muSaobas Seafaseben sawvrTno

mecadineobebis raodenobisa da maTze daxarjuli drois SefardebiT

gegmur davalebasTan.

sawvrTno datvirTvis intensivobas akontroleben Semdegnairad:

pirobiTad gansazRvraven calkeuli varjiSebisa da sawvrTno

mecadineobebis intensivobas (maqsimaluri, maRali, saSualo, mcire).

Sefasebis kriteriumad iReben gaZlierebuli intensivobis varjiSebisa da

varjiSTa saerTo raodenobis Sefardebas, agreTve mTliani mecadineobis

intensivobis xarisxobriv Sefardebas gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul

davalebebTan. movarjiSeTa mier datvirTvis gadatanas akontroleben

garegani monacemebiT _ saxis kanis gawiTlebiT an gafiTrebiT, pulsiT,

sunTqviT an qoSiniT, uzomo oflideniT, daRlilobaze CiviliT,

moZraobis koordinaciis darRveviT, agreTve gulis SekumSvis sixSiriT.

Sefasebis kriteriumad gamoyenebulia datvirTvis gadatanis xarisxianoba

(“friadi”, “kargi”, “damakmayofilebeli”, “cudi”), romelic gulis

SekumSvis sixSiris aRdgenis maCveneblebiT ganisazRvreba.

wvrTnis provesSi gamoyenebul saSualebaTa efeqturobas gansazRvraven momzadebis saxeebis mixedviT (fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri da fsiqologiuri).

fizikuri da teqnikuri momzadebulobis dones amowmeben

sakontrolo varjiSebis gamoyenebiT, agreTve moZraobis Sesrulebis

xarisxze sistematuri vizualuri dakvirvebiT; Sefasebis kriteriumi

erTia: sakontrolo varjiSebSi im Sedegebis Cveneba, romlebic

gaTvaliswinebulia TiToeuli xelburTelis individualur gegmaSi.

taqtikur momzadebaze kontroli xorcieldeba perioduli

SefasebiT, romelsac moTamaSe imsaxurebs varjiSisa da TamaSis drois

individualuri, jgufuri da gunduri davalebebis Sesrulebisas.

Sefasebis kriteriumia saTamaSo moqmedebis Sesrulebis efeqtianobis

maCvenebeli rogorc dacvaSi, ise TavdasxmaSi gundis SemadgenlobaSi

saTamaSo funqciebis gaTvaliswinebiT. moTamaSeTa fsiqologiuri

momzadebulobis dones amowmeben sawvrTno mecadineobebis dros iseTi

Tvisebebis perioduli SefasebiT, rogoricaa: simtkice, Seupovroba da

mizandasaxuloba dacvasa da TavdasxmaSi; maRali sawvrTno varjiSebis

zegavleniTYgamowveuli daRlilobis atana da daZleva; koleqtivSi

59

amxanaguri grZnoba. Sefasebis kriteriumad miRebulia am Tvisebebis

gamovlenis xarisxi, romelic aisaxeba qulebiT.

Teoriuli momzadebulobis dones amowmeben Temebis irgvliv

gasaubrebiTa da CaTvlebiT. Sefasebis kriteriumad iReben movarjiSeTa

codnis xarisxs.

xelburTelTa gawvrTnilobis xarisxze kontrols axorcieleben

sakontrolo varjiSebis Sesrulebis procesSi da TviTkontrolis

maCveneblebis fiqsirebiT (wona, Zili, mada, guneba). Sefasebis

kriteriumad iReben movarjiSeTa mier am varjiSebSi miRweuli Sedegebis

Sedarebas, agreTve calkeuli sportsmenis TviTkontrolis da saeqimo

kontrolis ZiriTadi maCveneblebisa da monacemebis Sedarebas.

uSualod Sejibrebis procesSi pedagogiuri kontroli

xorcieldeba Semdeg ganayofebze: a) kontroli Sejibrebisadmi

movarjiSeTa damokidebulebaze; b) kontroli moTamaSeebissa da gundis

mier TamaSis taqtikuri gegmis Sesrulebasa da maTi moqmedebis

efeqtianobaze; g) kontroli calkeuli moTamaSisa da mTlianad gundis

teqnikur maCveneblebze; d) kontroli moTamaSeebis mier saSejibro

datvirTvis gadatanaze.

Sejibrebisadmi movarjiSeTa damokidebulebas afaseben Sejibrebis

dawyebamde, uSualod TamaSis msvlelobis procesSi da misi damTavrebis

Semdeg. Sefasebis kriteriumebad miRebulia moTamSeTa qceva, disciplina,

iniciativa da aqtiuroba dacvisa da Tavdasxmis yovel moqmedebaSi,

TavdaWeriloba yvelaze ufro daZabul saTamaSo situaciaSi,

gamarjvebisaTvis swrafva.

moTamaSeebisa da gundis mier TamaSis taqtikuri gegmis

Sesrulebasa da maTi moqmedebis efeqturobaze kontroli gamoixateba im

SefasebiT, romelic ewerebaT maT TamaSis individualuri, jgufuri da

gunduri davalebebis SesrulebisaTvis, Tavdasxmasa da dacvaSi efeqturi

moqmedebisaTvis.

Sefasebis kriteriumad miRebulia calkeuli moTamaSisa da

mTlianad gundis mier taqtikuri gegmis Sesrulebis xarisxis Sefardeba

Tavdasxmasa da dacvaSi maTi moqmedebis efeqturobis xarisxTan.

TiToeuli moTamaSisa da saerTod gundis teqnikas afaseben

ZiriTadi teqnikuri maCveneblebiT: burTis gadacemisa da miRebis

sizustiT, karSi tyorcniT, dacvaSi TamaSiT. Sefasebis kriteriumad

iReben individualuri da gunduri moqmedebis Sedegad miRebuli

Sedegebis Sedarebas gegmur davalebasTan.

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saSejibro datvirTvis gadatanas sazRvraven garegani niSnebis

mixedviT, daRlilobaze CiviliT da TamaSidan gamosvlis moTxovniT,

saTamaSo moqmedebis efeqturobis daqveiTebiT (gansakuTrebiT karSi

tyorcnisa da dacviTi moqmedebiT) da moTamaSis qcevis gauaresebiT

(TavSekavebis unaris dakargva, gaRezianebuloba da sxva).

calkeuli moTamaSis da mTliani gundis TamaSis saerTo Sefaseba

gamoyavT miRebuli Sefasebebis jamidan, romelsac mwvrTneli Cawers

JurnalSi an dRiurSi.

pedagogiuri kontroli mxolod sawvrTno mecadineobebiT da

SejibrebebiT ar unda Semoifaglos. man SeZlebisdagvarad mTlianad

unda moicvas sportsmenis mravalmxrivi saqmianoba.mwvrTneli

valdebulia Seiswavlos Tavisi aRsazrdeli yovelmxriv – swavlaSi,

Sromasa da yofacxovrebaSi.

pedagogiuri kontrolebis meTodebi. pedagogiuri kontrolis

gansaxorcieleblad gamoyenebulia Semdegi meTodebi: pedagogiuri

dakvirveba; sawvrTno procesisa da Sejibrebebis Sedegebis obieqturi da

subieqturi Sefaseba; pedagogiuri da saeqimo kontrolis, aRricxvisa da

TviTkontrolis monacemebis analizi da sinTezi; saubrebi, gamokiTxva,

gasinjva, CaTvlebi.

pedagogiuri dakvirvebis meTods iyeneben mecadineobebisa da

Sejibrebebis procesSi. mwvrTneli ukvirdeba TiToeul moswavles da

afasebs mis aqtivobas, disciplinas, varjiSebisa da davlebebis

Sesrulebis xarisxs, Semdeg ki adgens, vis rogor gadaaqvs sawvrTno da

saSejibro datvirTva.

obieqturi Sefasebis meTodi mwvrTnels saSualebas aZlevs

maregistrirebeli xelsawyoebis gamoyenebiT gansazRvros xelburTelis

momzadebis xarisxobrivi Zvrebi. farTod iyeneben kino da

videomagnitofonur Canawerebs, momzadebis mxareebis mixedviT

sakontrolo normativebis da Sejibrebebis procesSi sakontrolo

davalebebis sistemas.

eqspertuli (subieqturi) Sefasebis meTodi mwvrTnels exmareba

iseTi maCveneblebis SefasebaSi, romlebic obieqtur Sefasebas ar

eqvemdebareba. magaliTad, taqtikuri momzadebis xarisxs mxolod am

meTodis saSualebiT gansazRvraven. Cveulebriv, SefasebisTvis iyenben

xuTbalian sistemas (5- “friadi”, 4-“kargi”,3- “damakmayofilebeli”, 2-

“cudi”). davuSvaT, Sesafasebelia xelburTelis gamosvla kalendarul an

sakontrolo Sexvedraze. vTqvaT, SefasebisaTvis gamoyves Semdegi

komponentebi: damokidebuleba TamaSisadmi, TavdasxmaSi aqtivoba da

efeqtianoba, dacvaSi aqtivoba da efeqtianoba, TavdaWeriloba da 61

gamarjvebisken swrafva. yovel CamoTvlil komponentze xelburTelma

daimsaxura Semdegi Sefaseba : “4”, ”3”, ”5”, “4”. am ricxvebs Sekreben da

iReben jams – 16, romelsac yofen komponenetTa raodenobaze (4), e.i.

16:4=4. moyvanil magaliTSi moTamaSe imsaxurebs Sefasebas “4”, e.i. “kargs”.

pedagogiuri da saeqimo kontrolis, aRricxvisa da

TviTkontrolis monacemebis analizi da sinTezi pedagogiuri

kontrolis ZiriTadi meTodia, romelic gansazRvravs mwvrTnelis mTeli

muSaobis mizandasaxulobas da efeqturobas.

aRricxva. aRricxvas yoveli praqtikuli saqmianobisa da fizikuri

aRzrdis procesisaTvisac gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs.

sworad organizebuli aRricxvis saSualebiT xerxdeba calkeuli

moTamaSisa da mTeli gundis momzadebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb zisti da,

rac mTavaria, drouli informaciis miReba. aRricxvas eqvemdebareba

xelburTelTa momzadebis mravalwliani procesi, dawyebuli sawvrTno

mecadineobebidan da damTavrebuli SejibrebebSi monawileobiT, agreTve

pedagogiuri da samedicino kontrolis monacemebi.

arsebobs mimdinare, etapuri da Semajamebeli aRricxva. sportul

wvrTnaSi mimdinare aRricxvas miiCneven ZiriTadad. igi xorcieldeba

ganuwyvetliv TviT muSaobis procesSi, mecadineobidan mecadineobamde.

misi amocanaa xelburTelTa mdgomarobis yoveldRiuri cvlilebebis

gansazRvra. mimdinare aRricxvis Sedegebi xels uwyobs samuSao gegmis

Sinaarsis dazustebas ama Tu im etapze, uzrunvelyofs dagegmil

saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis ganxorvielebas da mecadineobebze

xelburTelTa saqmianobis ufro zust marTvas. mimdinare aRricxva

moicavs mecdineobebze daswrebis aRricxvas, gavlili saswavlo masalis

registracias, wvrTnaSi gamoyenebuli saSualebebisa da meTodebis

misawvdomobis, mizanSewonilobisa da efeqturobis gansazRvras,

xelburTelTa codnis, unarCvevebisa da praqtikuli miRwevebis garkveveas

da Sefasebas, maTi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis, Sromisunarianobis

aRricxvas.

etapur (anu periodul)aRricxvas axorcieleben etapisTvis) an

periodis manZilze Catarebuli sawvrTno da aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis

Sedegebis Sesajameblad. igi mimdinareobs samuSao gegmis Sesabamisad da

emateba pedagogiuri kontrolis ZiriTadi monacemebi.

Semajamebeli aRricxva wliur da naxevarwliuri (zamTris an

zafxulis) ciklis sawvrTno, saSejibro da aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis

Sejamebaa, romlis procesSi gansazRvraven saboloo monacemebs.

Semajamebeli aRricxva mwvrTnels SesaZleblobas aZlevs Seafasos

saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis xarisxi. Semajamebeli aRricxvis

62

Sedegebi gamoiyeneba adrindeli dagegmvis sisworis sazomad da Semdegi

muSaobis dagegmvis gasaumjobeseblad.

aRricxvis ZiriTadi dokumentebia: Jurnali, mwvrTnelisa da sportsmenis dRiurebi.

Jurnali aRricxvis ZiriTadi dokumentia. mas aqvs saerTo

dadgenili forma da Sedgeba Semdegi nawilebisagan: 1. sawvrTno jgufis

(gundis) Semadgenlobis sia da saerTo cnobebi movarjiSeTa Sesaxeb

(dabadebis weli, simaRle, erovneba, ganaTleba, samuSao an swavlis

adgili, misamarTi); 2. mecadineobebze daswrebis aRricxva; 3. saprogramo

masalis gavlis aRricxva; 4. moswrebis aRricxva (sakontrolo

normativebis Sedegebi); 5. Sejibrebebze miRweuli Sedegebis aRricxva.

mwvrTnelis dRiuri dokumentia, romelSic aisaxeba dagegmvis,

aRmzrdelobiTi da sawvrTno muSaobis aRricxvis yvela saxe.

mwvrTnelis dRiuris ZiriTadi nawilebia: 1. movarjiSeTa sia da

monacemebi; 2. daswrebis aRricxva; 3. momzadebis wliuri gegmebi; 4.

momzadebis perspeqtiuli gegmebi ; 5. momzadebis saSualo gegmebi; 6.

ganvlili masalis aRricxva; 7. sakontrolo normativebis Cabarebis

aRricxva; 8. Sejibrebaze miRweuli Sedegebis aRricxva; 9. samuSao

gegmebis Sesrulebis aRricxva; 10. wliuri gegmebis Sesrulebis aRricxva;

11. perspeqtiuli gegmebis Sesrulebis aRricxva;

sportsmenis dRiuri xels uwyobs xelburTels meti

pasuxismgeblobiT moekidos wvrTnis process, Sejibrebebs, mwvrTnelisa

da eqimis rCevebs. sistemeturi Canawerebi sportsmens exmareba Tavisi

Sedegebis gaanalizebaSi. sportsmenis dRiuris moqmedebis vadaebi unda

emTxveodes perspeqtiuli gegmis vadebs. igi Semdegi nawilebisagan

Sedgeba: 1. piradi monacemebi; 2. fizikuri, teqnikuri, taqtikuri,

fsiqologiuri da Teoriuli momzadebis daxasiaTeba; 3. momzadebis

perspeqtiuli, wliuri da saSualo gegmebi; 4. sakontrolo normativebi

da maTi Sesrulebis Sedegebi; 5. SejibrebaSi monawileobis Sedegebi; 6.

yoveli sawvrTno mecadineobisa da Sejibrebis Semdeg TviTkontrolis

maCveneblis Cawera (pulsi, wona, guneba-ganwyobileba); 7. momzadebis

saSualo, wliuri da perspeqtiuli gegmebis Sesrulebis aRricxva; 8.

samedicino Semowmebis monacemebi.

3.6. mozardi xelburTelebis SerCevis organizacia da meTodebi

mozardTa sportuli jgufebis dakompleqteba erT-erTi rTuli da

sapasuxismgeblo procesia. stiqiurobisa da zedmeti improvizaciis

Tavidan acilebis mizniT aucilebelia bavSvTa SerCevis swori 63

organizacia da Catareba. sportis specialistTa umravlesobis azriT

swori SerCeva warmoadgens momavali warmatebebis safuZvels.

SerCevis problemasaWiroebs mravali sakiTxis gadawyvetas,

romelTagan yvelaze did mniSvnelobas aniWeben: 1. samodelo

maxasiaTeblebis gansazRvras; 2. prognozirebas; 3. SerCevis efeqturobis

amaRlebas da 4. SerCevis organizaciis gaumjobesebas.

bavSvTa da mozardTa sportul skolebSi miiRebian garkveuli

unaris mqone bavSvebi, romlebsac muyaiTi SromiT da sworad

organizebuli saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis meSveobiT SeuZliaT miaRwion

maRal sportul Sedegebs. bavSvebTan momuSave mwvrTnelebis gamocdileba

gviCvenebs, rom SerCevis organizaciis da maTi sportuli Sedegebis

Semdegi prognozirebis safuZvlad SeiZleba Cadebul iqnas testirebis

meTodi da momecadineTa janmrTelobis mdgomareobis monacemebi. aseve

metad mniSvnelovania bavSvTa fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebis Sefaseba,

romelic gansazRvravs maTi fsiqikuri Tvisebebis ganviTarebis dones.

yovelive zemoTqmulidan naTlad Cans, rom SerCevis procesSi

kompleqsuri maCveneblebis arseboba iZleva imis garantias, rom

dazustdes mocemuli specializaciisaTvis bavSvis vargisianobis xarisxi.

pedagogiuri meTodebis gamoyeneba mimarTuli bavSvis

mamoZravebeli SesaZleblobebis, fizikuri Tvisebebis – Zalis, siswrafis,

gamZleobis, agreTve mozardi sportsmenis koordinaciuli

SesaZleblobebisa da Sromisunarianobis Seswavlisken.

samedicino-biologiuri meTodebis gamoyeneba mimarTulia

organizmis sistemeTa morfofunqcionaluri Taviseburebebis

gansazRvrisaken da bavSvis organizmze fizikuri varjiSebis gavlenis

dinamikis Seswavlisaken.

fsiqologiuri meTodebi mimarTulia tipologiuri

Taviseburebebis da iseTi Tvisebebis dasadgenad, rogoricaa; mexsiereba,

yuradReba, nebisyofa da gambedaoba.

SerCeva, romelic dakavSirebulia mozardi xelburTelebis niWis,

unaris da fizikuri SesaZleblobebis yovelmxrivi daRrma Seswavlisken,

efeqturi gaxdeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Catardeba bavSvis

mamoZravebeli SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis mimdinarobaze sistematuri

dakvirveba, romelsac Semdgomi prognozirebisTvis didi praqtikuli

mniSvneloba eniWeba. aqedan gamomdinare, SerCevis procesis sworad

warmarTvisTvis mizanSewonilad migvaCnia ori etapis gamoyofa,

romelTagan TiToeuls garkveuli amocanebis gadawyveta akisria.

64

pirveli etapis amocanaa xelburTis TamaSisadmi midrekilebis

mqone bavSvebis pirveladi SerCeva da maTTan dawyebiTi mecadineobebis

Catareis organizacia. am etapze iyeneben martiv varjiSebs, romlebic

garkveul warmodgenas qmnis bavSvTa mamoZravebeli SesaZleblobebis

Sesaxeb.

bavSvTa da mozardTa sportul skolaSi xelburTis specialobiT

Rebuloben 9-12 wlis bavSvebs.

bavSvTa SerCeva da saswavlo jgufebis organizacia xdeba

ZiriTadad zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis sportul bazebze.

sportuli seqciebisaTvis, xelburTis specialobiT, bavSvebis SerCeva

organizaciisa da Catarebis mizniT cxaddeba Tavisufali konkursi

mocemuli asakobrivi jgufisTvis, romlis Catarebis Sesaxeb winaswar

ecnobeba Sesabamisi skolis moswavleebs.

konkursis Catarebisas bavSvTa da mozardTa sportuli skolebis

mwvrTnelebi, zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis fizikuri aRzrdis

maswavleblebTan erTad, eswrebian da atareben gakveTilebs im mizniT,

rom Seamowmon rac SeiZleba meti bavSvi da vizualuri dakvirvebis

Semdeg SearCion iseTebi, romlebic daiSvebian sakonkurso gamocdebze.

kargi iqneba, Tu konkursis Catarebis win moewyoba saCvenebeli

Sexvedrebi maRali rangis xelburTelebis monawileobiT. bavSvebis

sakonskurso gamocdebze daSvebis mizanSewonilobis pirveladi

maCveneblebia: janmrTelobis mdgmareobis paTologiuri gadaxrebis

uqonloba, antropometruli monacemebi, moZraobis swori koordinacia.

aucilebelia agreTve moswavlis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb

skolis eqimis cnoba.

bavSvebis SerCevis pirvel etapze aucilebelia gamoyenebul iqnas

Cvens mier rekomendirebuli sakontrolo varjiSebisa da moZravi

TamaSebis kompleqsebi (testebi), romlebic naTel warmodgenas Segviqmnis

bavSvebis fizikuri Tvisebebis da specialuri Cvevebis mdgomareobaze.

bavSvis yvela monacemi (saxeli da gvari, dabadebis Tve da weli,

saerTo da specialur fizikur momzadebaSi sakonkurso gamocdebis

Sedegebi, samedicino-biologiuri maCveneblebi da sxva) Setanil unda

iqnasmis anketaSi da mwvrTnelis specialur JurnalSi. es monacemebi

iqneba Semdgomi dakvirvebebisa da saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis

zegavleniT miRebuli monacemebis dinamikis cvalebadobis ganmsazRvreli.

SerCevis pirvel etapze miRebuli monacemebi ver mogvcemen imis

garantias, rom bavSvi sportuli ostatobis umaRles dones miaRwevs,

magram unda gvaxsovdes, rom swored sakontrolo gamocdebze naCvenebi

65

saukeTeso Sedegebis wyalobiT xdeba bavSvebis mozidva da xelburTis

regularul mecadineobebSi Cabma.

amrigad, pirvel anu SerCevis dawyebiT etapze xdeba bavSvis

xelburTSi mecadineobisaTvis vargisianobis dadgena, garkveva imisa, Tu

ramdenad pasuxobs misi potenciuri SesaZleblobebi arCeul specialobas.

meore etapis xangrZlivoba Cveulebriv 1.5-2 weliwads grZeldeba.

mis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens ama Tu im bavSvis vargisianobis

gansazRvra sxavdasxva maCveneblebis gaumjobesebis dinamikis Rrma

analizis safuZvelze. am amocanis gadasawyvetad mwvrTneli yovel 3-4

TveSi erTxel atarebs sakontrolo gamocdebs igive testebSi,

romlebsac abarebdnen bavSvebi seqciaSi Casaricxad. meore damTavrebis

Semdeg analizis gakeTebisas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces

bavSvebis swraf-Zalismier da gamZleobis ganviTarebis maRal tempebs,

mamoZravebeli amocanebis Sesrulebis siswrafes da sizustes, ormxrivi

savarjiSo TamaSebis dros eqstremalur situaciebSi gadawyvetilebebis

miRebis unars da sxva.

amave etapze sagrZnoblad izrdeba mozard xelburTelebze

fsiqologiuri dakvirvebis roli. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda

mieqces bavSvebis damoukideblobas, maTi mobilizaciis unars, wagebul

Sexvedraze reaqcias, maT Sromismoyvareobas da mecadineobebisadmi

interess, aqtiurobas.

mozardi xelburTelebis swavlebis procesSi zemoT CamoTvlili

maCveneblebis da saTamaSo moqmedebebze dakvirvebisadmi

diferencirebuli midgoma iZleva calkeuli xelburTelis

perspeqtiulobis realur suraTs.

sportul skolaSi erTi wlis mecadineobis Semdeg jgufebi ise unda

dakompleqtdes, rom erTSi gaerTiandnen bavSvebi, romlebmac

sakontrolo gamocdebSi ufro maRali Sedegebi uCvenes, xolo meoreSi –

SedarebiT dabali. jgufebis dakompleqtebis aseTi meTodi saSualebas

mogvcems ufro efeqturad da mizandasaxulad avagoT saswavlo-sawvrTno

procesi da gavaumjobesoT SerCevis xarisxi

cnobilia, rom bavSvTa da mozardTa sportuli skolebi gamajansaRebeli

xasiaTis amocanebis paralelurad mowodebulia moamzados maRali

klasis sportsmenebi. aqedan gamomdinare bavSvs, romelsac aqvs survili

gaagrZelos mecadineoba xelburTSi, margam ar gaaCnia saamiso monacemebi,

mwvrTnelma unda auxsnas, rom am sportis saxeobaSi mecadineoba misTvis

mizanSewonili ar aris, amitom aZleven rekomendacias ivarjiSos sportis

sxva saxeobaSi.

66

SerCevis procesSi farTod gamoiyeneba bavSvebis fizikuri

Tvisebebis da antropometruli maCveneblebis Sefasebis garkveuli

kriteriumebi.

dReisaTvis dadgenilia, rom msoflios Cempionatebsa da olimpiur

TamaSebSi monawile nakrebi gundebis xelburTelebis saSualo simaRle

kacebisTvis aris 188, xolo qalebisTvis – 172 santimetri. aqedan

gamomdinare, SerCevis dros meti yuradReba unda mieqces tanmaRal

bavSvs, romlis sakontrolo normativebis maCveneblebi arafriT

Camouvardebaufro dabali tanis bavSvis maCveneblebs. aq didi

sifrTxilea saWiro, radgan sportis praqtikaSi xSiria SemTxvevebi,

rodesac dabali bavSvebi ewevian an uswreben kidec simaRleSi TavianT

Tanatolebs. amitom mwvrTnelebma aseT SemTxvevaSi unda moiSvelion

bavSvebis sxva obieqturi maCveneblebic (mSoblebis simaRle da sxva).

Tu tanad SedarebiT dabal bavSvs ufro kargi Sedegebi aqvs

sakontrolo normativebSi, vidre maRals, aseTi bavSvi pirvel rigSi

unda iqnes Caricxuli saswavlo jgufSi.

antropometruli maCveneblebis Sefasebisas mwvrTnelma unda

gaiTvaliswinos me-5 cxrilSi motanili maCveneblebi.

cxrili 5

asaki simaRle (sm)

gogonebi biWebi

9 145-150 142-148

10 150-155 148-152

11 155-160 152-158

12 160-165 158-165

3.7. bavSvebi fizikuri Tvisebebis Sefaseba

bavSvebi fizikuri Tvisebebis Sesafaseblad rekomendirebulia

sakontrolo varjiSebis kompleqsebi(testebi), romlebic naTel

warmodgenas iZleva sportsmenebis swraf-Zalismieri SesaZleblobebisa

da specifikuri koordinaciis ganviTarebis doneze. xelburTSi

SerCevisaTvis gamoiyeneben Semdeg testebs:

a) rbena 30 metrze maRali startidan;

b) burTis tareba 30 metrze (droze);

67

g) CogburTis burTis tyorcna siSoreze;

d) adgilidan sigrZeze xtoma;

e) adgilidan sammagi xtoma(vaJebisaTvis;

v) eqvsi dgaris Semorbena (manZili 30 metri);

z) rTuli kompleqsuri varjiSebis Sesruleba moZrav TamaSebSi.

aRniSnuli sakontrolo normativebis miReba warmoebs 2 dRis

ganmavlobaSi. pirvel dRes bardeba: rena 30 metrze maRali startidan,

CogburTis burTis tyorcna siSoreze, adgilidan sigrZeze xtoma da

romelime kompleqsuri varjiSi. meore dRes tardeba burTis tareba

30metrze, sammagi xtoma adgilidan, 6 dgaris Semorbena(30 metris

manZilze) da rTuli kompleqsuri varjiSebi.

sakontrolo normativebis Cabareba unda Catards mkacrad

reglamentirebul vadaSi. erTi normatividan meoris Cabarebamde bavSvs

unda mieces dro aranakleb 20 wuTisa.

sakontrolo normativebis Cabarebis meTodika

1. rbena 30 metrze maRali startidan. xelburTis moednis piriTi

xazidan izomeba manZili 30 metris siSoreze, sadac iWimeba

safirniSo bafTa. startis micemis Semdeg irTveba wamzomi, romelic

iTiSeba bafTis SexebisTanave. mizanSewonilia garbenebSi

monawileobdes 2-2 bavSvi.

2. burTebis tareba 30 metrze. am varjiSis Sesasruleblad gamoiyeneba

igive manZili, oRond safiniSo bafTis nacvlad iatakze gaivleba

farTo xazi (5 sm sisqis). maswavleblis niSanze bavSvi iwyebs

burTis tarebas cali xeliT (vis romliTac surs) da CairTveba

wamzomi. safiniSo xazis gadakveTis Semdeg wammzomi gamoirTveba.

3. Cogburis burTis tyorcna siSoreze. xelburTis moedanze

moiniSneba tyorcnis xazi, romlidanac xuTmetriani koridoriT

gadaizomeba manZili 15 metridan 35 metarmde. am manZilebs Soris

aRiniSneba danayofebi yoveli 25 santimetris odenobiT. bavSvebi

asruleben CogburTis burTis tyorcnas moxrili xeliT Tavs

zemodan gamorbeniT nebismieri nabijebiT. am nabijis

SesrulebisaTvis eZlevaT sami cda, romelTaganac saukeTeso iqneba

CasaTvleli.

4. adgilidan sigrZeze xtoma. iatakze gaixazeba areknis adgili.

erTidan or metramde aRiniSneba 5-5 santimetriani danayofebi.

bavSvi areknis xazTan dgeba ise, rom fexis cerebi xazs ar exeba.

xtomis sigrZe izomeba saerTod miRebuli wesebis dacviT.

sruldeba sami cda, romelTagan saukeTeso Sedis CaTvlaSi.

68

5. adgilidan sammagi xtoma(mxolod biWebisTvis). iseve, rogorc wina

varjiSSi, aqac ixazeba areknis adgili da 4-dan 6 metris manZilze

aRiniSneba 10-10-santimetriani danayofebi. areknis xazTan dgebian

ise, rom xazs ar exebian. pirveli naxtomi sruldeba orive fexze

arekniT da cal fexze daxtomiT (rogorc bavSvs exerxeba –

marjvenaze an marcxenaze). Semdeg xtebian am sayrden fexze da

asruleben meore naxtoms, daxtoms asruleben meore an gamqnev

fexze, ris Semdeg asruleben morig arekns da daxtoms amTavreben

orive fexze. xtomis sigrZe izomeba saerTod miRebuli wesebis

dacviT. sruldeba sami cda, romelTagan saukeTeso Sedis CaTvlaSi.

6. eqvsi dgaris Semorbena (30 m). piriTi xazidan yovel 5 metrSi

idgmeba dgarebi ( 5-10-15-20-25 da 30 metri). bavSvebi cali xeliT

burTis tarebiT Semouvlian dgarebs jer erTi, xolo Semdeg meore

mxridan. mwvrTnelis niSnis Semdeg bavSvebi iwyeben burTis tarebas

marjvena xeliT mas Semdeg, rodesac Semouvlian pirvel dgars,

agrZeleben burTis tarebas marcxena xeliT, Semdeg isev marjvenaTi

da ase bolomde. bolo dgaris Semovlis Semdeg iReben burTs da

asruleben karSi burTis tyorcnas nebismieri xerxiT (xtomSi da

xtomis gareSe). dro gamoirTveba maSin, rodesac bavSvis mier

natyorcni burTi gadakveTs karis xazs. es varjiSi sruldeba

orjer, romelTagan saukeTeso Sedis CaTvlaSi. me-6 cxrilSi

mocemulia aRniSnuli varjiSebis sakontrolo normativebi

minimaluri SedegebiT.

cxrili 6

asaki rbena 30 m

maRali

startidan

(wm)

adgilidan

sigrZeze

xtoma (sm)

adgilidan

sammagi

xtoma (sm)

burTis

tareba

30

metrze

(wm)

dgarebis

Semorbeni

(wm)

burTis

tyorcna

siSoreze

(m)

biWebi

9 6.0 150 400 6.3 7.5 26

10 5.5 165 450 5.8 7.0 30

11 5.2 175 470 5.4 6.6 33

12 4.8 185 490 5.0 6.1 35

69

gogonebi

9 6.2 130 - 6.7 8.6 18

10 5.5 140 - 6.1 8.0 20

11 5.3 155 - 5.9 7.3 23

12 5.0 170 - 5.7 6.9 25

saTamaSo moqmedebebis Sefaseba

bavSvebis mier sakontrolo normativebis Cabarebisas naCvenebi

damakmayofilebeli Sedegebi jer kidev ar iZleva imis srul garantias,

rom isini mzad arian xelburTis TamaSisTvis. es mTel rig problemevTan

aris dakavSirebuli. pirveli sakontrolo normativebis Cabareba xdeba

individualurad da moTamaSeebis erTmaneTisagan izolirebulad, meore –

nebismieri normativis Casabareblad maT eZlevaT garkveuli dro da

mesame- normativebis Cabarebisas gamoricxulia raime orTabrZola. aqedan

gamomdinare mivdivarT im logikur daskvnamde, rom bavSvis mier arCeuli

sportis specializaviisadmi misi vargisianobis obieqtur suraTs

miviRebT mxolod saTamaSo moqmedebebis da SesaZleblobebis Sefasebis

kompleqsuri analizis Semdeg.

rodesac bavSvebi moZrav TamaSSi «brZola burTisTvis» iyeneben

xelburTis elementebs da asruleben or kompleqsur varjiSs(am

asakisaTvis SedarebiT rTuls), mwvrTneli akvirdeba calkeul moTamaSes

da afasebs maT ZiriTad maCveneblebs: moZraobis aqtivobas, moZraobiTi

amocanebis racionalur gadawyvetas, moZraobiTi moqmedebebis siswrafes

da sizustes, TamaSisaTvis mobilizebas, individuauri da koleqtiuri

TamaSis, yuradRebis swrafad gadarTvis unars. bavSvis saTamaSo

moqmedebebis SefasebisaTvis aRniSnuli maCveneblebis dasafiqsireblad

iyeneben specialur saaRricxvo baraTs (cxrili 7). moTamaSeTa

warmatebuli saTamaSo moqmedebebi fasdeba xuTbaliani sistemiT.

cxrili 7

saTamaSo moqmedebebis Sedegebis Sefaseba

70

gvari, saxeli

moZr

aobiT

i

aqtivoba

moZr

aobiT

i

aqtivobis

rac

ionaluri

aaw

ta

moqmed

ebebis

sis

wraf

e da

siz

uste

TamaS

isad

mi

mobil

izebis

individ

ual

u

ri TamaS

i

koleqtiu

ri

TamaS

i

yurad

Reb

is

swraf

ad

gad

arTvis

unari

saerTo

Sef

aseba

bolqvaZe nodari

janaSia rezo

arvelaZe zaza

da a.S.

5

4

3

4

4

4

3

4

4

3

5

3

4

5

4

5

3

4

5

4

4

29

29

26

or komplequr varjiSSi da TamaSSi bavSvma SeiZleba moagrovos

maqsimum 35 qula. dadebiTi Sefaseba, e.i. minimaluri raodenobaa, 21 qula.

is bavSvebi, romlebic moagroveben 21 qulas, agrZeleben saswavlo-

sawvrTno mecadineobebs momaval sakontrolo gamocdebamde.

TamaSis «brZola burTisTvis» organizacia da Catareba

am TamaSSi monawileobis misaRebad mwvrTnelebi akompleqteben

gundebs 6-6 moTamaSiT TiToeuls. mizanSewonilia, gundebi Tanabari

simaRlisa da siZlieris iyos. dakompleqtebis Semdeg mwvrTnelebi

avseben bavSvebze dasakvirvebel da saTamaSo maCveneblebis Sesafasebel

baraTebs (ise, rogorc es me-7 cxrilSia naCvenebi).

TamaSis dawyebis win mizanSewonilia bavSvebs kidev erTxel

Seaxsenon TamaSis wesebi da maTi amocanebi. dakvirvebas awarmoebs ori

mwvrTneli (TiTo gundidan erTi). TamaSis ufro organizebulad

Catarebisa da dakvirvebisaTvis moTamaSeebs urigdeba sxvadasxva feris

nomriani maisurebi.

TamaSis wesebi. TamaSis «brZola burTisTvis» Casatareblad

SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas nebismieri moedani, romlis zoma maqsimum

15X15 da minimum10X10 metrzea. TamaSis xangrZlivoba aris ori taimi,

TiToeuli 10 wuTi.Ataimebs Soris dasveneba 5 wuTia. TamaSi iwyeba

moednis centrSi burTis iatakze dartymiT. burTis TamaSSi Seyvanamde

yvela moTamaSe centridan ( burTis iatakze dartymis adgilamde) sami

metriT unda iyos daSorebuli. burTis iatakze dartymis Semdeg

moTamaSeebi cdiloben daeuflon mas. moTamaSe, romelic daeufleba

burTs, gadascems mas Tavis Tanagundels, romelic, aseve cdilobs

71

monaxos Tavisi Tanagundeli da gadaawodos mas burTi da a.S. yoveli

gundi cdilobs, rac SeiZleba met xans flobdes burTs. mowinaaRmdege

gundis wevrebi saTamaSo wesebis dacvis farglebSi yvelenairad

cdiloben xeli SeuSalon da waarTvan burTi. gundebis mier burTis

flobis xangrZlivoba fiqsirdeba wamzomis saSualebiT. TamaSis Semdeg

xdeba monacemebis Sejameba. igebs ise gundi, romelic met xans flobda

burTs.

moZravi TamaSi «brZola burTisTvis» tardeba xelburTis wesebis

Tanaxmad. mwvrTnelebi, romlebic warmoadgenen moaspareze gundebs,

TamaSis damTavrebis Semdeg ajameben Sexvedris Sedegebs.

Tu romelime bavSvs eWvi epareba Tavisi SesaZleblobebis Sefasebis

sisworeSi, mas eZleva ufleba ganmeorebiT miiRos monawileoba TamaSSi

sxva gundis SemadgenlobaSi.

kompleqsuri varjiSebis organizacia da Catareba. bavSvebis

monawileoba kompleqsuri varjiSebis SesrulebaSi saSuallebas

gvaZlevs, gavigoT bavSvis yuradgebis done da misi unari gadaerTos

erTidan meore situaciaze. amas garda es varjiSebi xels uwyoben bavSvis

moZraobiTi amocanebis Sesrulebis siswrafis da sizustis gansazRvras.

varjiSi 1. moTamaSeebi ewyobian oTx kolonad, burTebi uWiravT #1

da #2 kolonebis wamyvan moTamaSeebs. mwvrTnelis niSanze #1 da #2

burTiani moTamaSeebi awvdian burTs TavianTi kolonebis pirdapir mdgom

#4 da #3 moTamaSeebs ise, rom #1moTamaSeebi burTs gadascemen mkerdis simaRleze, xolo #2moTamaSeebi iatakidan arkeniT da a.S. burTis

gadacemis Semdeg moTamaSeebi garbian mopirdapire kolonebisken da

dgebian mis boloSi. burTis gadacemis xerxi bolomde ar icvleba, Tumca

mwvrTnels SeuZlia ganmeorebiTi niSnis micemiT Secvalos igi

gadacemaTa raodenoba TiToeul bavSvze 8-10 unda iyos.

varjiSi 2. am varjiSis SesrulebisTvis moTamaSeebi ganlagdebian

moedanze.#1 moTamaSe pirveli kolonidan awvdis burTs meore kolonis

wamyvan #2 moTamaSes, ris Semdegac garbis da dgeba #3moTamaSeebis

kolonis boloSi. miiRebs ra burTs #2 moTamaSe (meore kolonidan),

gadascems mas #3 moTamaSes , Semdeg garbis da dgeba #1 moTamaSeebis

kolonis boloSi. Tavis mxriv #3 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #1 kolonis

win mdgom moTamaSes da garbis #2 kolonis moTamaSeebis boloSi

dasadgomad da a.S.

es varjiSi SeiZleba ori variantiT Sesruldes. pirvel variantSi

burTis gadacema sruldeba marjvena mxares, xolo gadaadgileba

marcxniv. meore variantSi ki SesaZlebelia, rogorc gadacemis, ise

gadaadgilebis mimarTulebis Secvla. 72

pedagogiuri dakvirvebebis meSveobiT mwvrTnelebi afaseben bavSvis

saTamaSo moqmedebebis ZiriTad maCveneblebs da TiToeulisTvis

gamoiyvanen maT mier naCvenebi Sedegebis qulaTa saerTo jams.

amrigad, mxolod mas Semdeg, rac Sejamdeba da Sefasdeba bavSvis

fizikuri, moZraobiTi da saTamaSo unarianoba, dgindeba misi

vargisianobis kritriumebi xelburTSi Semdgomi varjiSisaTvis.

erTi asakobrivi jgufidan meoreSi gadasayvani gamocdebis

Catareba

momdevno asakobrivi jgufebis ukeT dakompleqtebis mizniT

mizanSewonilia yoveli sawvrTno wliuri ciklis bolos Catardes

mozardTa da bavSvTa sportuli skolebis, raionebis da qalaqebis

pirvelobebi sakontrolo normativebis mravalWidSi. Sejibrebis

kalendari ise unda iyos Sedgenili, rom erTi dRis ganmavlobaSi

bavSvebma sam normativze meti ar Caabaron. kargi iqneba, Tu erT dRes

Catardeba sirbili, xtomebi da tyorcnebi.

mozardi sportsmenis momdevno asakobriv jgufSi gadayvanis

saboloo gadawyvetileba miiReba yvela maCveneblis saerTo Sefasebis

safuZvelze. rogorc yovelTvis, aqac gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba

mozardi xelburTelis saTamaSo moqmedebebis dones.

ZiriTadi maCveneblebis zrdis dinamikis ufro zusti

gansazRvrisaTvis erTi asakobrivi jgufidan meoreSi gadasayvani

sakontrolo varjiSebi igive unda iyos rogorc misaRebi kontigentis

SerCevis dros. aq SeiZleba daematos ramdenime varjiSi: 1. maRla axtoma

(abalakovis meTodiT); 2. burTis gadacema sizusteze 30 wamis

ganmavlobaSi; 3. burTis tyorcna siSoreze (sruldeba xelburTis

burTiT). vinaidan sakontrolo varjiSebis umravlesobis Catarebis

organizacia da meTodika Cvens mier zemoT ukve aRwerilia,

SemovifarglebiT damatebiTi sakontrolo varjiSebis aRweriT:1. maRla

axtoma warmoebs abalakovis sayovelTaod miRebuli da cnobili meTodis

mixedviT; 2. burTis gadacema mizanSi 30 wamis ganmavlobaSi.

am ukanaskneli varjiSis Casatareblad kedelze 180-sm-is simaRleze

ixazeba 40X40 sm kvadrati. kedlidan sami metris daSorebiT ixazeba

gadacemis adgili, romelzec gamosacdeli dgeba piriT kedlisken.

mwvrTnelis niSanze bavSvi asrulebs gadacemas da cdilobs burTi

kvadratSi moaxvedros, kedlidan asxletil burTs ki iWers da asrulebs

gadacemas. mwvrTneli iTvlis, ramdeni gadacema Seasrula bavSvma 30 wamis

ganmavlobaSi.

73

aRsaniSnavia, rom 17-18 wlis gogonebi da vaJebi saSualo skolis

damTavrebis paralelurad, rogorc wesi, amTavreben bavSvTa da

mozardTa sportul skolebsac. xelburTelebisaTvis unda Catardes

gamosaSvebi gamocdebi, romelTa normativebi mocemulia #8 cxrilSi

cxrili 8

sakontrolo normativbi bavSvTa da mozardTa

sportuli skolis kursdamTavrebulTaTvis

sakontrolo normativebi gogonebi vaJebi

1. sirbili 30 metrze (wm) 4.6-4.7 4.0-4.2

2. adgilidan sigrZeze

xtoma (sm)

240-255 270-285

3. sammagi xtoma

adgilidan(sm) 800-820

4. axtoma simaRleze

(abalakovi,sm)

45-50 60-65

5. burTis tareba 30m (wm) 4.7-5.0 4.2-4.4

6. dgarebis Semovla 2-jer

(wm)

9.5-10.0 8.6-8.8

7. burTis tyorcna

siSoreze (m)

35-40 45-50

8. burTis gadacema

sizusteze 30 wamis

ganmavlobaSi (raodenoba)

30-32 34-36

cxrili 9

sakontrolo normativebi

saerTo da specialur fizikur momzadebaSi

74

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 70 3 88-

289-

760-

70 4 10-

8 30-8 35 45 0 40

69 3.91-

287-

755-

69 4.13-

8.36-8.41 44.5 - 68 3 94-

285-

750-

68 4 16-

8 42-8 47 44 0 39

67 3 97-

283-

745-

67 4 19-

8 48-8 53 43 5 - 66 4 00-

281-

740-

66 4 22-

8 54-8 59 43 0 38

65 4.03-

279-

735-

65 4.25-

8.60-8.65 42.5 - 64 4 06-

277-

730-

64 4 28-

8 66-8 71 42 0 37

63 409-

275-

725-

63 4 31-

8 72-8 77 4L5 - 62 4 12-

273-

720-

62 4 34-

8 78-8 83 41 0 36

61 4 15-

271-

715-

61 4 37-

8 84-8 89 50 5 - 60 4.18-

269-

710-

60 4.40-

8.90-8.95 40.0 35

59 4 21-

267-

705-

59 4 43-

8 96-9 01 39 5 - 58 4.24-

265-

700-

58 4.46-

9.02-9.07 39.0 34

57 4 27-

263-

695-

57 4 49-

9 08-9 13 38 5 - 56 4 30-

261-

690-

56 4 52-

9 14-9 19 38 0 33

55 4.33-

259-

685-

55 4.55-

9.20-9.25 37.5 - 54 4 36-

257-

680-

54 4 58-

9 26-9 31 37 0 32

53 4.39-

255-

675-

53 4.61-

9.32-9.37 36.5 - 52 4 42-

253-

670-

52 4 64-

9 38-9 43 36 0 31

51 4 45-

251-

665-

51 4 67-

9 44-9 49 35 5 - 50 4.48-

249-

660-

50 4.704.6

9.50-9.55 35.0 30

49 4 51-

247-

665-

49 4 73-

9 56-9 61 34 5 - 48 4 54-

245-

650-

48 4 76-

9 62-9 67 34 0 29

47 4 57-

243-

645-

47 4 79-

9 68-9 73 33 5 - 46 4.60-

241-

640-

46 4.82-

9.74-9.7 33.0 28

45 4.63-

239-

635-

45 4.85-

9.80-9.85 32.5 - 44 4.66-

237-

630-

44 4.88-

9.86-9.91 32.0 27

43 4 70-

235-

625-

43 4 91-

9 92-9 97 31 5 - 42 4.73-

233-

620-

42 4.94-

9.98-10.03 3L0 26

41 4 76-

231-

615-

41 4 97-

10 04-

30 5 - 40 4 79-

229-

610-

40 5 00-

10 10-

30 0 25

39 4.81-

227-

605-

39 5.03-

10.16-

29.5 - 38 4.84-

225-

600-

38 5.06-

10.22-

29.0 24

37 4 87-

223-

595-

37 5 09-

10 28-

28 5 - 36 4.90-

221-

590-

36 5.12-

10.34-

28.0 23

35 4 93-

219-

585-

35 5 15-

10 40-

27 5 - 34 4 96-

217-

580-

34 5 18-

10 46-

27 0 22

33 4 99-

215-

575-

33 5 21-

10 52-

26 5 32 5.02-

213-

570-

32 5.24-

10.58-

26.0 21

31 5.05-

211-

565-

31 5.27-

10.64-

25.5 - 30 5.08-

209-

560-

30 5.30-

10.70-

25.0 20

am cxrilis (#9)mixedviT dgeba im minimalur qulaTa raodenoba, romelic aucilebelia ama Tu im asakis xelburTelebisTvis (cxrili #10).

cxrili 10

maCvenebeli gogonebis asaki vaJebis asaki

13 14 15 16 17 18 13 14 15 16 17 18

75

qulebi 150 175 200 220 260 300 250 290 350 400 460 500

Tavi IV

xelburTis TamaSis teqnika da

teqnikuri momzadeba

4.1. zogadi debulebebi

TamaSis teqnika specialuri xerxebis kompleqsia, romelic

aucilebelia xelburTelisTvis, raTa warmatebas miaRwios SejibrebaSi.

Tavisi ganviTarebis yvela etapze is sportuli brZolis warmarTvis erT-

erTi ZiriTadi saSualebaa, romelic moTamaSes SesaZleblobas aZlevs

arsebuli saTamaSo wesebis CarCoSi, sxvadasxva saTamaSo situaciis

pirobebSi warmatebiT gadawyviTos konkretuli amocanebi.

saTamaSo siTuaciis swrafi cvlilebebis pirobebSi warmatebis

misaRwevad xelburTeli valdebulia flobdes teqnikuri xerxebis

mravalferovan elementebs da efeqturad iyenebdes maT.moTamaSis

teqnikuri ostatobis dne gansazRvravs TamaSis warmarTvis teqnikur

sqemas da mTeli gundis saerTo warmatebas.

xelburTis ganviTarebis procesSi teqnikuri xerxebis Sesruleba

da maTi Sefasebis kriteriumebi icvleboda dacvasa da TavdasxmaSi

TamaSis ganviTarebasTan erTad, moTamaSeTa fizikuri momzadebulobis

donis amaRlebis, dacvasa da TavdasxmaSi efeqturi taqtikuri sqemebis

SemuSavebis, TamaSis warmarTvis axali koncebciebis gamomuSavebis

paralelurad.

xelburTis TamaSis teqnikis ganxilvis dros cal-calke Tavebad

unda ganvixiloT: 1) TamaSis teqnika Tavdasxmis dros; 2) TamaSis teqnika

dacvis dros.

4.2. TamaSis teqnikuri xerxebi TavdasxmaSi da varjiSebi

76

rogorc aRvniSneT, xelburTis TamaSisTvis saWiroa sxvadasxva

teqnikuri xerxebis codna, maTi Seswavla da srulyofa.

xelburTis TamaSisteqnika TavdasxmaSi Seicavs siaruls, sirbils,

xtomas, SeCerebas da bruns. es yvelaferi sruldeba rogorc burTiT, ise

uburTod. calke unda gam,ovyoT burTis flobis teqnika, romelic

Seicavs burTis daWeras, gadacemas, tarebasa da karSi tyorcnas.

sirbili. xelburTis TamaSis dros moTamaSeebis umravlesoba

drois did nawils moedanze uburTod atarebs. isini gadaadgildebian

sxvadasxva tempiT, icvlian mimarTulebas, Cerdebian, Semobrundebian,

akeTeben cru moZraobas, raTa ganTavisufldnen mowinaaRmdegis

meTvalyureobisagan da Seqmnan saukeTeso pirobebi burTis miRebisTvis an

saukeTeso poziciaSi gasvlisTvis. amitom didi mniSvneloba eniWeba

xelburTis TamaSSi sirbils rogorc burTiT, ise uburTod. sportuli

TamaSi warmoudgenelia sirbilis gareSe, miT umeTes xlburTi, romelSic

saTamaSo situacia yovel wuTs icvleba.SeiZleba Seteva orive karTan

ganxorcieldes 10-15 wamis ganmavlobaSi. mowinaaRmdegisagan

ganTavisuflebis kargi saSualebaa swrafi garbeni, romelsac spirtul

TamaSSi “mosxletas” uwodeben.

sirbilis Seswavla da srulyofa. sirbilis Seswavlisa da

srulyofisaTvis gamoyenebulia Semdegi varjiSebi:

1. moTamaSeebi ewyobian or kolonad erT karTan. maswavleblis

niSanze pirveli nomrebi garbian meore karisken, xels adeben karis

Zels da brundebian ukan, Semdeg amasve akeTeben meore nomrbi da

a.S. (tardeba Sejibri. romeli kolonac adre daamTavrebs sirbils,

is aris gamarjvebuli).

2. igive, mxolod midgmiTi nabijiT marjvena mxares.

3. igive, mxolod midgmiTi nabijiT marcxena mxares.

4. igive, mxolod sirbili zurgiT win.

5. igive, mxolod sirbili muxlis maRla aweviT.

6. sirbili zurgiT win moednis Sua xazamde, Semdeg ki midgmiTi

nabijiT (an marcxniv, an marjvniv), rodesac miuaxlovdebian meore

kars da Seaxeben xels, sirbils ganagrZoben saxiT win.

7. sirbili dgarebis SemovliT jer individualurad, Semdeg ki

Sejibri or kolonas Soris.

8. sirbili moednis irgvliv da niSanze swrafi garbeni diagonalze.

9. maRali startidan sirbili 10-15 metrze.

10. dabali startidan sirbili 15-20metrze.

SeCerebas swavloben sirbilTan erTad. swavleba iwyeba SeCerebiT

erT da or nabijSi, rasac mohyveba SeCereba xtomiT. SeCerebas

axorcieleben erTi an ori didi nabijis gadadgmiT. SeCereba

77

gamoiyeneba burTis tarebisas, rodesac damcveli moTamaSe midis

Tavdamsxmelis Ssaxvedrad. xtomiT SeCerebas moTamaSeebi iyeneben

maRali burTis miRebisas. xelburTis TamaSisaTvis

damaxasiaTebelia sam nabijSi SeCereba. amisaTvis saWiroa

moTamaSeebs gamoumuSavdeT sam nabijze SeCerebis Cvevebi, risTvisac

gamoiyeneben Semdeg varjiSebs:

1. neli sirbili SeCerebiT nebismier or, sam nabijSi,rasac calkeuli

moTamaSe asrulebs moednis yvela monakveTze.

2. neli sirbili SeCerebiT maswavleblis niSanze (sastveniT an

droSiT).

3. sirbili moednis erTi bolodan mekaris moednis xazamde da

SeCereba sami nabijis gakeTebis Semdeg.

rogorc kalaTburTSi, ise xelburTSi SeCerebas burTiT asruleben

TiTqmis or nabijSi, magram xelburTis wesebis mixedviT moTamaSes

ufleba aqvs gaaketos sami nabiji. Tu xelburTelebi SeCerebis Seswavlas

sirbilSi asruleben, maTi srulyofa xdeba Semdegi varjiSebiT:

1. SeCereba niSanze swrafi sirbilis Semdeg.

2. SeCereba nebismierad(calkeuli moTamaSe garbis moednis erTi

mxridan meorisken, SeCerebis Semdeg Semobrundeba da isev

ganagrZobs sirbils).

SeCerebis Sesruleba xtomis Semdeg: moTamaSeebi garbian moednis

erTi kuTxidan meorisken, centrSi Rebuloben burst da xtomiT

Cerdebian.

xtoma. xelburTis TamaSSi gansakuTrebuli adgili ukavia xtomas.

swored xtomaa mravali teqnikuri xerxis Sesrulebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi

saSualeba.

simaRleze, sigrZeze, agreTve rTuli xtoma vardnaSi SeiZleba

Seasrulon cal da orive fexze arekniT, rogorc adgilze, ise

moZraobaSi. or fexze axtomi yvelaze xSirad gamoyenebulia burTis

daWeris da karSi natyorcni burTis blokirebisTvis. moTamaSe, romelic

asrulebs am xtomas, nabijiT win miadgams erT fexs meores, odnav

Cajdeba da Semdegxteba maRla xelebis erTdrouli aqneviT.

gamorbeniT simaRleze xtomas asruleben cal fexze arekniT. is

gamoyenebulia rogorc gadacemebis, ise karSi arekniT. is gamoyenebulia

rogorc gadacemebis,ise karSi tyorcnisTvis (TiTqmis 80-90 % karSi

tyorcnisa am xerxiT xorcieldeba). Tu xelburTeli burTs tyorcnis

marjvena xeliT, naxtoms asrulebs marcxena fexize arekniT da piriqiT.

78

bruni aucilebeli da saWiro xerxia xelburTisaTvis. misi kargad

gamoyeneba umsubuqebs moTamaSes mowinaaRmdegesTan orTabrZolas.bruns

asruleben rogorc burTiT, ise uburTod, adgilze da moZraobaSi.

burTiani moTamaSe asrulebs bruns im mizniT, rom dafaros burTi

damcvelisagan, Seiqmnas pirobebi burTis gadacemisa da karSi

tyorcnisaTvis.

4.3. burTis flobis teqnika

burTis flobis teqnikur xerxs swavloben Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT :

1. burTis daWera; 2. burTis gadacema; 3. burTis tareba;4. burTis tyorcna

karSi.

burTis daWera xelburTis TamaSis erT erTi mniSvnelovani

teqnikuri xerxia. TamaSis Sedegi bevradaa damokidebuli burTis daWeris

teqnikaze. TamaSis dros fexburTelebs uxdebaT sxvadasxva simaRleze da

sxvadasxva ZaliT natyorcni burTis daWera. xelburTSi burTs iWeren

cali da, umetes SemTxvevaSi, ori xeliT

maRla natyorcni burTis daWeris dros moTamaSes xelebi gaaqvs win

da maRla. rodesac burTi Seexeba xelis TiTebs, moTamaSe xelebs moxris

idayvisa da mxris saxsarSi da burTs miitans mkerdTan (sur.1).

dabla natyorcni burTis daWerisas moTamaSes xelebi gaaqvs win

burTis Sesaxvedrad (am SemTxvevaSi TiTebi gaSlilia ise, rom TiTqos

nekebi erTmaneTs exeba), tani gadaxrilia win, fexebi moxrilia muxlis

saxsarSi(sur.2,3).

ori xeliT burTis daWeris dros : a) moTamaSe yoveTvis unda iyos gadacemis molodinSi; b) burTi unda daiWiros gaSlili TiTebiT,

xelebis dauZabavad.

burTis gadacema TamaSis erT-erTi ZiriTadi da aucilebeli

teqnikuri xerxia, romelsac burTis daWerasTan erTad swavloben.

burTis gadacema SeiZleba cali (moxrili) xeliT mxridan, gverdidan,

qvemodan, Tavs zemodan, mtevniT, ukan, zurgs ukan, mxars zemodan,

mkerdidan, qvemodan.

burTis gadacema moxrili cali xeliT mxridan. moTamaSis sawyisi

mdgomareoba : fexebi odnav moxrilia muxlis saxsarSi, erTi fexi win

79

aris gadadgmuli (Tu gadacema xdeba marjvena xeliT, win gadadgmulia

marcxena fexi da piriqiT), burTi uWiravT orive xeliT, marjvena xeli,

romelic moxrilia idayvis saxsarSi, gaaqvT burTianad ukan, zeviT, Tavis

simaRleze, burTi devs nebis mTel zedapirze, xelis mtevani

modunebulia, TiTebi gaSlilia, marcxena xeli rCeba mkerdis simaRleze,

Semdeg moTamaSes tanis wona mTlianad gadaaqvs win gadadgmul fexze da

xelis mtevnis gaqneviT isvris burTs. am xerxiT burTs gadascemen

nebismieri mimarTulibiT sxvadasxva manZilze adgilidan da moZraobaSi

(sur.4).

burTis gadacema cali xeliT gverdidan. am xerxiT burTs

iseTnairad gadascemen, rogorc zemoT aRniSnuli gadacemis dros.

gansxvaveba mxolod is aris, rom tans Semoabruneben marjvniv ukan da

xelis moqneva xdeba gverdidan, idayvs dauSveben qvemoT (sur.5).

burTis gadacema cali xeliT qvemodan. moTamaSe gadadgams did

nabijs marcxena fexiT win, Tu gadacema xdeba marjvena xeliT, tani

gadaxrilia ukan marjvniv, idayvi daSvebulia muxlis saxsramde (burTi

magrad uWiravs TiTebiT).

xSirad xelburTis TamaSSi iyeneben faruli gadacemis ramodenime

nairsaxeobas, romelTac SeiZleba vuwodoT specialuri gadacema.

gadacema xelis mtevniT, fexebs qvemodan, xels qvemodan, zurgs uknidan,

mxars zemodan.

xelis qvemodan gadacemis dros marjvena burTiani xeli swrafi

moZraobiT gadis marcxniv, burTs gaisvrian xelis mtevnis swrafi

moZraobiT, marcxena xeli gadis burTs zemodan marjvniv (sur.6).

zurgs uknidan gadacemisas ZiriTadi moZraobaa burTiani (odnav

moxrili) xelis gaqnevi zurgs ukan xelis mtevnis SemobrunebiT (sur.7).

mxars zemodan gadacema Tavisdi struqturiT ufro advilia.

ZiriTadi moZraobaa burTiani xelis swrafi moxra idayvis saxsarSi

(sur.8).

burTis gadacema ori xeliT. rogorc kalaTburTSi aseve xelburTSi

gadacema sruldeba ori xeliT Tavs zemodan, mkerdidan, qvemodan.

burTis gadacema ori xeliT.Tavs zemodan. am xerxiT gadacemas

xSirad iyeneben TamaSSi. burTis Tavs zemodan gadacemis dros tanis

simZime mTlianad gadatanilia ukana fexze tanis gadaxrasTan erTad

xelebi burTianad gadadis zeviT- ukan, Semdeg swrafi moZraobiT tanis

simZime gadadis wina fexze da burTis gadawodeba xdeba ise, rogorc es

me-9 suraTzea naCvenebi.

80

xSirad iyeneben TamaSSi burTis gadacema ori xeliT mkerdidan. is

saWiroa burTis swrafi gadacemisTvis axlo da saSualo manZilze.

mosamzadebeli faza – gaSili TiTebiT iWers burTs mkerdis

simaRleze, idayvebi daSvebulia.

ZiriTadi faza – burTs gagzavnian win xelebis swrafi gamarTviT

bolomde (sur.10).

burTis gadacema ori xeliT qvemodan. gamoiyeneba 4-5 metris

manZilze burTis gadasacemad, rodesac burTi uWiravT muxlis saxsris

simaRleze an qvemoT da ara aqvT saSualeba da dro poziciis

Sesacvlelad.

mosamzadebeli faza – burTi ukaviaT Zirs daSvebul xelebSi, tani

moxrilia, xelebi odnav moRunulia idayvis saxsrebSi(sur.11).

burTis gadacemis Seswavla da misi srulyofis

varjiSebi

yvela saxis gadacemis Seswavlas iwyeben Cvenebisa da axsnis Semdeg.

moTamaSeebi dgebian wyvilebad da gadascemen burTs erTmaneTs. gadacemis

paralelurad iswavleba burTis daWeris yvela xerxi.

varjiSi 1. moTamaSeebi dganan wyvilebead da gadascemen burTs

erTmaneTs cali xeliT Tavs zemodan (marcxena fexi win aris

gadadgmuli, simZime orive fexzea).

varjiSi 2. igive gverdidan gadacemiT (gamarTuli xeliT).

varjiSi 3. igive qvemodan (gamarTuli xeliT).

varjiSi 4. moTamaSeebi burTs gadascemen erTmaneTs sami nabijis

Semdeg (adgilze fexebi erTad). Tu burTs marjvena xeliT gadascemen,

nabijis gadadgamen marcxena fexiT da sami nabijis Semdeg gadascemen

burTs da piriqiT.

varjiSi 5. igive xtomiT.

varjiSi 6. igive sirbiliT, moTamaSeebi ewyobian karTan or kolonad

da mirbian meore karisaken (burTis gadacemiT).

varjiSi 7. moTamaSeebi dganan erTmaneTis pirispir. burTi aqvT #1

moTamaSeebs, romlebic gadascemen mas sxvadasxva xerxiT #2 moTamaSeebs.

81

burTis miRebis Semdeg #2 moTamaSeebi mas ubruneben #1 moTamaSeebs da

a.S. (gadacemis maswavlebeli karnaxobs)(sur.12).

varjiSi 8. moTamaSeebi dgebian or an oTx kolonad moednis

sxvadasxva mxares. burTi aqvs #1 moTamaSes, romelsac is gadascems #4

moTamaSes da ikavebs adgils b#6 moTamaSis ukan #4 moaTamaSe, Tavis

mxriv, burTs gadascems #2 moTamaSes da ikavebs adgils #3 moTamaSis

ukan da a.S.(sur 13).

varjiSi 9. moTamaSeebi ewyobian wreze.burTi aqvs #1 moTamaSes,

romelic gadascems mas #2-s, #2 moTamaSe ki-#3-s da a.S. rodesac burTs

kvlav gadascemen #1 moTamaSes , icvleba gadacemis mimarTuleba, e.i.#1

moTamaSe burTs gadascems #8 moTamaSes da a.S. (sur.14).

varjiSi 10. moTamaSeebi ewyobian oTxeulebad,#1 moTamaSe burTs

gadascems #2 moTamaSes da ikavebs mis adgils, amasobaSi #2 moTamaSe

burTs gadascems #3-s da ikavebs mis adgils, #3 burTs gadascems #4-s

da ikavebs mis adgils da a.S. (sur.15).

varjiSi 11. moTamaSeebi ewyobian wreze, gaiTvlian pirvel meoreze

(saWiroa ori burTi), pirveli nomrebi awvdian burTs erTmaneTs, meore

nomrebi erTmaneTs.

varjiSi 12. moTamaSeebi ewyobian sameulebad. burTs floben #1

moTamaSeebi da awvdian mas #3 moTamaSeebs, meore nomrebi ki cdiloben

xeli SeuSalon gadacemas, brundebian 1800-iT ise, rom #1 da #3

moTamaSeebisken pirisaxiT arian (bruns asruleben cal fexze an

xtomiT)(sur.16).

varjiSi 13. moTamaSeebi ewyobian moednis sxavadasxva mxares ise,

rogorc es me-17 suraTzea naCvenebi.#1 moTamaSe burTs gadascems #6

moTamaSes da garbis win, mburTs ukan iRebs, Semdeg awvdis #7 moTamaSes

da ganagrZobs sirbils, kvlav iRebs burTs da ukan awvdis #8 moTamaSes.

rodesac igi #8 moTamaSisgan miiRebs burTs, agdebs karisken da

tyorcnis karSi (tyorcnis Semdeg #1 moTamaSe sawinaaRmdego mxares

dgeba #5 moTamaSis ukan) (sur17).

varjiSi 14. moTamaSeebi ewyobian wreze. erTi moTamaSe dgeba SuaSi

wreze mdgom moTamaSeebs Soris intervaliT 5-7 metri.moTamaSe #2 burTs

gadascems #1-s da TviTon dgeba mis adgilze. #1 moTamaSe burTs awvdis

#3-s da dgeba #2 moTamaSeis adgilas, #3moTamaSe burTs awvdis #2-s da

garbis centrisken, #2 moTamaSe burTs awvdis #4-s da ikavebs #3

moTamaSis adgils da a.s. (sur.18).

varjiSi 15. moTamaSeebi ewyobian oTx kolonad, burTi aqvs #1

moTamaSes, romelsac is awvdis #2 moTamaSes, #2 _ #3-s, #3_#4-s da a.S.

82

gadacemis Semdeg #1 moTamaSe garbis da ikavebs adgils #2 moTamaSis

ukan, #2 moTamaSe ikavebs adgils #3 moTamaSis ukan, #3-#4 moSamaTis

ukan da a.S. (sur. 19) .

varjiSi 16. moTamaSeebi ewyobian ise, rogorc es me-20 suraTzea

naCvenebi. burTi aqvs #1 moTamaSes, romelsac is awvdis #2-s da gadadis

win, raTa xelmeored miiRos burTi da miRebis Semdeg awvdis #3

moTamaSes. #1 moTamaSe ikavebs adgils #3 moTamaSeebis kolonis ukan,.

rogorc ki #3 moTamaSe miiRebs burTs, awvdis #4 moTamaSes da akeTebs

igives, rasac @#1 moTamaSe, ris Semdegac ikavebs adgils #1 moTamaSeebis

ukan da a.S.

varjiSi 17. moTamaSeebi ewyobian moednis bolos or kolonad. burTi

aqvs #1 da #2 moTamaSeebs. moedanze ganlagebulia dgarebi. #1 da #2

moTamaSeebi sirbiliT burTs gadascemen #3 da #4 moTamaSeebs (gadacema

xdeba dgarebs Soris). rogorc ki es ori wyvili Cairbens, gadacemas

iwyebs Semdegi wyvili (sur. 21).

varjiSi 18. moTamaSeebi ise ewyobian, rogorc es 22-e suraTzea

naCvenebi. burTi aqvs #1 moTamaSes, romelic mas awvdis #2 moTamaSes,

#2_#3-s, #3_#4-s, es ukanaskneli ki_#1-s moTamaSes. burTis gadacemis

Semdeg #1 moTamaSe dgeba #2 moTamaSeeebis ukan, #2 _ #1 moTamaSeebis

ukan, #3 _ #4 moTamaSeebis ukan, #4 ki _ #3 moTamaSeebis ukan.

varjiSi 19. moTamaSeebi ewyobian ise, rogorc es 23-e suraTzea

naCvenebi. burTi aqvs #3 moTamaSes. is burTi tarebiT midis 9 metrian

xazamde. am dros kuTxis #1 da #2 moTamaSeebi gamorbian centrisken,

erT-erTi maTgani, romelic adre miva centramde, iRebs #3 moTamaSis mier

gadagdebul burTs da awvdis 34 moTamaSes da a.S. kuTxis moTamaSe,

romelic pirveli miiRebs burTs misi gadacemis Semdeg garbis da dgeba

#5 moTamaSis ukan.

burTis tareba aucilebeli teqnikuri xerxia, romelic saSualebas

aZlevs moTamaSes gadaadgildes moedanze burTianad sxvadasxva

mimarTulebiTa da siCqariT. burTios tareba SeiZleba rigrigobiT

marjvena da marcxena xeliT. (sur. 22).

burTis tarebis Seswavla da misi srulyofis varjiSi

varjiSi 1. moTamaSeebi dganan adgilze (gafantuli arian moedanze),

tani odnav win aqvT gadaxrili, muxlebi moxrili, winamxari – iatakis

(miwis) paraleruda. xelis TiTebi – gaSlili. moTamaSeebi biZgiT

agzavnian burTs Zirs, areknis Semdeg kvlav uSveben Zirs da a.S.

varjiSi 2. moTamaSeebi adgilze asruleben burTis tarebas

riogrigobiT jer marjvena, Semdeg marcxena xeliT.

83

varjiSi 3. moTamaSeebi asruleben burTis tarebas sirbiliT.

varjiSi 4. moTamaSeebi ewyobian ramodenime kolonad. burTebi aqvT

win mdgom moTamaSeebs.

varjiSi 5. moTamaSeebi ewyobian moednis erT boloSi, ramodenime

kolonad. maT win ramodenime winaRobaa (dgarebi). niSanze burTiani

moTamaSeebi gverds uvlian am dgarebs, bolo dgaris Semovlis Semdeg

brundebian ukan, oRond burTs atareben meore xeliT, gadascemen

burTs Semdeg moTamaSeebs da TviTon dgebian kolonis bolos.

dgarebis nacvlad SeiZleba moTamaSeebi idgnen.

varjiSi 6. moTamaSeebi ewyobian ramodenime kolonad moednis erT

boloSi, burTebi aqvT win mdgom xelburTelebs. maswavlebeli dgas

sawinaaRmdego mxares (moednis meore boloSi). niSanze (sastvenze)

moTamaSeebi iwyeben burTis tarebas, icvlian mimarTulebas

maswavleblis Zaxilis Sesabamisad.

varjiSi 7. yvela moTamaSes aqvs burTi. isini mTel moedanze

ewyobian ramodenime kolonad 4-5 metris manZilze, win mdgomebi

iwyeben burTis tarebas sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT, maT ukan mdgomi

moTamaSeebi cdiloben yvela moZraoba gaimeoron.

varjiSi 8. moTamaSeebi iyofian wyvilebad. burTi aqvs wyvilis erT

moTamaSes, uburTo moTamaSe ki nebismieri mimarTulebiT

gadaadgildeba moedanze. meore moTamaSe burTis tarebiT mihyveba mas

da imeorebs yvela mis moZraobas. ramodenime xnis Semdeg isini

icvlian rolebs.

varjiSi 9. moTamaSeebi iyofian wyvilebad. wyvilis erTi moTamaSe

Tavdamsxmelia, meore ki – damcveli. Tavdamsxmeli atarebs burTs xan

marjvena da xan marcxena xeliT, riTac cdilobs gverdi auaros

damcvels, romelic mas amis saSualebas ar aZlevs.

burTis tyorcna karSi. burTis tyorcna umniSvnelovanesi

teqnikuri xerxia, romlis unaklod Sesruleba uzrunvelyofs erTi

gundis upiratesobas meoreze. burTis daWera, gadacema, tareba

mimarTulia tyorcnis Sesasruleblad.

tyorcnas asruleben : xtomis gareSe, xtomaSi da vardnaSi.

xelburTSi yvela saxis tyorcnas asruleben ise, rogorc

gadacemas. gansxvaveba is aris, rom tyorcnis dros burTis frenis

siCqare gacilebiT metia, vidre gadacemis dros. tyorcnis dros

maqsimalurad Zlierdeba yvela jgufis kunTebis moqmedeba da

moZraobis siCqarec maqsimumamde matulobs.

84

karSi tyorcna moxrili xeliT mxridan ufro gavrcelebulia. mas

asruleben, rogorc adgilidan, ise moZraobisas. adgilidan tyorcnas

umravles SemTxvevaSi iyeneben 7-metriani sajarimosa da Tavisufali

tyorcnis Sesasruleblad. adgilidan karSi tyorcnisas marcxena fexi

(Tu tyorcna sruldeba marjvena xeliT) gaweulia win. xeli gadis

mxars ukan, sxeulis wona gadadis ukana fexze, tani Sebrunebulia

mtyorcneli xelis mxares, Tavi – tyorcnis mimarTulebiT (sur. 25).

burTis tyorcna karSi gverdidangamoyenebulia iSviaTad da miznad

isaxavs mowinaaRmdegis motyuebas. aseTi saxis tyorcnas asruleben

rogorc gadacemas, siaruliT da adgilze. (sur. 26).

tyorcna moxrili xeliT mxridan tanis gverdze gadaxriT. am

xerxiT burTs tyorcnian maSin rodesac damcvelebi mWidros

meurveoben Tavdamsxmelebs mekaris moednis xazsa da Tavisufali

tyorcnis xazs Soris. burTian moTamaSe asrulebs gverdidan

tyorcnis imitacias, Semdeg gadadgams did nabijs Tavisufali xelis

mxares, sxeulis simZime mTlianad gadaaqvs gadadgmul fexze, meore

fexi gaaqvs gaqneviT maRla (sur. 27).

xelburTis TamaSis dros xSirad xdeba, rom individualurad Zlieri

moTamaSeebi (gansakuTrebiT iseTebi , romlebsac xelis mtevani sakmaod

didi aqvT) gamoiyeneben tyorcnas winidan xelis moqneviT. rodesac

moTamaSe am xerxiT adgilidan tyorcnis burTs, is karisken zurgiT

imyofeba. aseTi tyorcna sami saxisaa: qvemodan, gverdidan, zemodan (sur.

28-29).

burTis tyorcna ori xeliT fexebs Sua. moTamaSe dgas zurgiT

karisken, tans swrafad gadaxris win da ori xeliT tyorcnis burTs

karSi (sur.30).

tyorcna moxrili xeliT mxridan xtomiT saWiroa axlo da Sori

manZilidan. am xerxiT tyorcnas axorcielebs sami nabijis wesis

dacviT. axtoms asruleben marcxena fexiT (Tu tyorcnian marjvena

xeliT). areknis dros amreknis fexis terfi odnav Semobrundeba SigniT,

gamqnevi fexi , romelic moxrilia muxlis saxsarSi, gaaqvT win da zemoT,

burTiani xeli gaaqvT zemoT, meore xeli _ mxris simaRleze da xrian

mkerdis win. xeli, romliTac burTs tyorcnian, gaaqvT ukan _ zeviT

moqnevis mdgomareobamde.

vardniT tyorcnas umetes SemTxvevaSi iyeneben is moTamaSeebi,

romlebic TamaSoben xazze an kuTxeze, agreTve 7-metriani sajarimo

tyorcnis dros.

85

karSi tyorcna ganze vardniT. aseTi saxis tyorcanas xSirad iyeneben

kuTxis moTamaSeebi. Tu marjvebna frTidan utevs moTamaSe, romelic

marjvena xeliT tyorcnis, is arekns akeTebs marcxena fexze da tanis

marcxrniv gadaxriT sexteba karis paralelurad. es xels uwyobs

moTamaSis karis aRebis kuTxis gadidebaSi. igives asrulebs marcxena

flanges moTamaSe., romelic tyorcnis marcxena xeliT. wlebis

ganmavlobaSi ase tyorcnidnen burTs Tbilisis “burevestnikisa” da ssr

kavSiris nakrebis wevri imedo fxakaZe da leri kartozia. es tyorcna

Zalze efeqturia (sur.31). aseT tyorcnas xSirad mimarTaven xazis

moTamaSeebi.

karSi burTis tyorcnis Seswavla da

misi srulyofis varjiSebi

tyorcnis Seswavlas iwyeben adgilidan, Semdg moZraobiT, bolos

gadadian tyorcnis Seswavlaze xtomiT da vardniT.

varjiSi 1. moTamaSeebi ganlagdebian karidan 9-10 metrze da

adgilidan tyorcnian burTs karSi (tyorcna yvela xerxiT. ix. «tyorcnis

teqnika»).

varjiSi 2. imave manZilidan tyorcna erTi nabijis gadadgmiT.

varjiSi 3. moTamaSeebi dgebian karidan 12-14 metrze da ori-sami

nabijis gadadgmis Semdeg burTs tyorcnian karSi. yvela tyorcnas

axorcieleben maswavleblis mier winaswar moniSnul kuTxeSi.

varjiSi 4. moTamaSeebi ewyobian moednis centrSi da adgilidan

akeTeben sam xtoms, ris Semdegac burTs tyorcnian karSi.

varjiSi 5. moTamaSeebi ewyobian kolonebad da saTiTaod garbian

karisken. maswavlebeli awvdis maT burTs, romelsac tyorcnian

moZraobisas tyorcnis gareSe.

varjiSi 6. igive xtomiT ori-sami nabijiT.

varjiSi 7. moTamaSeebi ewyobian or kolonad 9-metriani zonidan 2-3

metris daSorebiT (sur.32). #1 da #2 moTamaSeebi tyorcnian karSi, Semdeg

garbian karisken, iReben burTs da awvdian #3 da #4 moTamaSeebs,

romlebic aseve tyorcnian karSi ; #1 da #2 moTamaSeebi adgils ikaveben

#9 da #10 moTamaSeebis ukan da A.S.

varjiSi 8. moTamaSeTa ganlageba igivea, margam isini dganan ara 9-

metrian zonasTan axlos, aramed centralur xazTan. #1 moTamaSe atarebs

86

burTs da gadascems mas #2 moTamaSes, romelic atarebs burTs da

tyorcnis karSi, Semdeg iRebs burTs da awvdis #4 moTamaSes. #1

moTamaSe ikavebs adgils #10 moTamaSis ukan, xolo #2_#9-is ukan. #4

moTamaSe tarebis Semdeg awvdis burTs #3 moTamaSes da a.S.

varjiSi 9. moTamaSeebi ewyobian ise, rogorc es 33-e suraTzea

naCvenebi. burTi aqvs #4 moTamaSes, romelic awvdis mas win gasul #1

moTamaSes. rogorc ki #1 moTamaSe miiRebs burTs, tarebiT midis mekaris

moednis xazamde da tyorcnis karSi. tyorcnis Semdeg moTamaSeebi

icvlian adgils : #4 moTamaSe ikavebs #3-is #3 _ #2-is, #2 _ #1-is, #1

ki_#4-is adgils da a.S.

varjiSi 10. burTi aqvs #1 moTamaSes, romelic awvdis mas #4

moTamaSes da garbis karisken, iRebs ukan gadmocemul burTs da

tyorcnis karSi. Semdeg iRebs burTs da gadaawodebs #2 moTamaSes,

romelic mas gadascems #5 moTamaSes da imeorebs igives, rasac #1

moTamaSe. tyorcnis Semdeg #1 moTamaSe dgeba #6 moTamaSis ukan, xolo

#4 _ #3 moTamaSis ukan da a.S. (sur.34).

varjiSi 11. moTamaSeebi dgebian or kolonad erT-erT karTan.

kolonis pirveli nomrebi burTis gadacemiT garbian meore karisaken da

vinc adre miaRwevs burTianad 9-metriani xazis zRvars, burTs tyorcnis

karSi.

varjiSi 12 moTamaSeebi ewyobian oTx-xuT kolonad, TiTo kolonas

TiTo burTi aqvs. maswavleblis niSanze saTiTaod burTis tarebiT

mirbian 9-metrian sajarimo xazTan da burTs tyorcnian karSi(winaswar

dadgebian, Tu ra xerxiT unda moxdes tyorcna).

varjiSi 13. igive, mxolod, rodesac moTamaSeebi miuaxlovdebian 9-

metrian xazs, Semobrundebian 3600-iT da burTs tyorcnian karSi

(TiToeul moTamaSes aZleven davalebas, Tu romel kuTxeSi unda

tyorcnos burTi da romeli xerxiT) .

cru moZraoba (finti). TamaSis dros Zalian xSiria SemTxvevebi,

rodesac damcvelsa da Tavdamsxmels uSualod erTmaneTTan uxdebaT

brZola. Tavdamsxmeli cdilobs rogorme ganTavisufldes damcvelis

meurveobisgan, raSic did daxmarebas uwevs cru moZraobis (fintis)

gamoyeneba. Semcden moZraobas asruleben rogorc uburTod, ise burTiT.

cru moZraobas uburTod asruleben Tavdamsxmelebic da

damcvelebic. magaliTad, Tavdamsxmelin akeTebs moZraobas marjvniv,

aseTive moZraobas asrulebs damcveli, Semdeg ki swrafad garbis

marcxniv. xelburTSi ufro metad gamoyenebulia cru moZraoba burTiT.

87

burTiT cru moZraobas mimarTaven damcvelis meurveobisagan Tavis

gasaTavisufleblad. aseTi moZraoba sruldeba Semdegnairad: burTiani

moTamaSe, romelic imyofeba damcvelisgan 1-2 metrze, gadadgams nabijs

win da marcxniv, sxeulis wona gadaaqvs gadadgmul fexze. Tavisi

moqmedebiT moTamaSe (Tavdamsxmeli) moaCvenebs damcvels, rom apirebs

moZraobis gagrZelebas am mimarTulebiT, damcvelic gzas uRobavs mas.

maSin Tavdamsxmeli swrafad gadadgams mokle nabijs marcxena fexiT

marjvniv, gadaaqvs sxeulis wona marjvena fexze da gverds uvlis

damcvels.

cru moZraobis (fintis) Seswavla da

misi srulyofis varjiSebi

varjiSi 1. wyvilSi burTis gadacema burTze yuradRebis gamaxvilebis

gareSe (burTs gadascemen marcxniv, ixedbian marjvniv).

varjiSi 2. moTamaSeebi ewyobian Semxvedr kolonebad. #1 moTamaSe

cru moZraobiT gverds auvlis « a » moTamaSes da burTs awvdis #2

moTamaSes. #2 moTamaSe imaves akeTebs da burTs awvdis #3 moTamaSes da

a.S. #1 moTamaSe burTis gadacemis Semdeg dgeba #8 moTamaSis ukan, xolo

#2 _ #7 moTamaSis ukan da a.S. (sur.35).

varjiSi 3. moTamaSeebi dayofili arian sam kolonad (sur.36). #1

moTamaSe akeTebs cru moZraobas «a » moTamaSis win, burTs tarebis

Semdeg gadascems #4 moTamaSes da dgeba mis win damcvelis rolSi. « a »

moTamaSe dgeba #3 moTamaSis ukan, #4 akeTebs cru moZraobas da #7

moTamaSes awvdis burTs, ris Semdegac dgeba mis win,#1 moTamaSe dgeba

#6 moTamaSis ukan da a.S.

varjiSi 4. burTiani moTamaSe dgas karis moednis xazTan zurgiT

karisaken. mis ukan damcvelia. Tavdamsxmeli marcxniv akeTebs moZraobas,

romelsac damcvelic ahyveba, Semdeg uecrad ganagrZobs moZraobas

marjvniv da burTs tyorcnis karSi. ramdenime xnis Semdeg isini icvlian

adgilebs.

4.4. TamaSis teqnikuri xerxebi dacvaSi da varjiSebi

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xelburTSi dacvas iseTive didi mniSvneloba aqvs, rogorc

Tavdasxmas. rac unda Sedegianad iTamaSos gundma TavdasxmaSi, rac unda

bevri goli gaitanos mowinaaRmdegis karSi, Tu dacvaSi zustad da

Zlierad ar iTamaSa, Sedegi arasasurveli iqneba.

dacvaSi TamaSis upirveles amocanas warmoadgens sakuTari karis

dacva yvela saTamaSo wesis dacviT, mowinaaRmdegis organizebuli

TavdasxmisTvis xelis SeSla da burTis daufleba. am amocanis

Sesasruleblad damcvels unda SeeZlos moedanze swrafad gadaadgileba

mimarTulebisa da tempis swrafi cvliT. dacvis yvela moTamaSes unda

SeeZlos rogorc Tavdasxmeli moTamaSis, ise karSi natyorcni burTebis

blokireba.

dacvaSi TamaSis teqnika iyofa or ZiriTad nawilad: 1. gadaadgilebis

teqnika; 2. burTis dauflebisa da sawinaaRdego moqmedebis teqnika.

dgomi. damcvelis dgomi unda gansazRvravdes mis mzadyofnas

TavdasxmelisaTvis winaaRmdegobis gasawevad, risTvisac dgomi ZiriTadad

iseTi unda iyos, rogoric 37-e suraTzea naCvenebi.

damcvelis gadaadgilebis mimarTuleba damokidebulia Tavdasxmelis

moqmedebaze. xelburTSi damcveli mudmiv mzadyofnaSi unda iyos

Tavdasxmelis Sesaxvedrad, unda gadaadgildes moedanze midgmiTi

dabijebiT da sirbiliT win, ukan, marcxniv, marjvniv.

yvelaze ufro Znel pirobebSi gadaadgileba xdeba kombinirebuli

xerxiT : marcxniv _ ukan, marjvniv _ win, majvniv _ ukan da a.S.

varjiSebi gadaadgilebis Seswavla-srulyofisaTvis

varjiSi 1. jgufi ewyoba rigSi sxvadasxva dgomSi. gadaadgildebian

jer marcxniv midgomiTi nabijebiT da neli tempiT, Semdeg _ marjvniv.

varjiSi 2. jgufi gadaadgildeba kolonaSi midgomiTi nabijebiT win

da gverdze, sirbiliT, zurgiT win.

varjiSi 3. mTeli jgufi 1-2 wuTis ganmavlobaSi moedanze

gadaadgildeba nebismierad (marjvniv, marcxniv, win da ukan) midgomiTi

nabijebiT da sirbiliT.

varjiSi 4. TamaSi «daWerobana». jgufi iyofa or nawilad (#1 da #2

moTamaSeebad). Tavdapirvelad #1 moTamaSeebi iWeren #2 moTamaSeebs

(TavianT wyvilebSi), Semdeg rolebs Seicvlian. “dasaWer” moTamaSes ara

aqvs ufleba zurgi Seaqcios Tavis partniors.

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varjiSi 5. estafeta. moTamaSeebi iyofian gundebad (2-3 gundi),

dgebian karis xazTan. niSanze midgomiTi nabijebiT marcxena mxariT

gadaadgildebian moednis centramde, Semdeg _ centridan meore karamde _

sirbiliT zurgiT win, Seexebian kars da brundebian ukan, magram amjerad

_ centramde sirbiliT win, xolo centridan ki _ midgomiTi nabijebiT

marjvena mxariT da a.S.

sirbili, xtoma, SeCereba, Semobruneba igivea, rogorc TavdasxmaSi,

mxolod dacvaSi ufro xSiria xtoma or fexze. aq sirbili xSirad

saWiroa midgomiTi nabijebiT da zurgiT ukan.

burTis dauflebisa da sawinaaRmdego moqmedebis tqnika gulisxmobs

burTis CaWras, blokirebas, burTis moxsnas Tavdasxmelis xelidan.

a). burTis CaWra _ dacvis erT-erTi tqnikuri xerxia, romalesac

iyeneben damcvelebi, raTa xeli SeuSalon Tavdasxmelebs burTis

gadacemaSi. TamaSis dros damcvels Tavdasxmeli an gverdze hyavs, an win.

pirvel SemTxvevaSi damcveli gadadgams erT nabijs, meore

SemTxvevaSi ors. rodesac Tavdasxmeli dgas damcvelis marcxniv gverdze,

damcveli marcxniv odnav Sebrundeba, tani gadaxrili aqvs win, tanis

moZraobasTan erTad asrulebs vardnas marjvena fexiT win da ganze,

raTa CaWras burTi gadacemis dros. marcxena mxridan burTis CaWris

yvela SemTxvevaSi marcxena fexi sayrdenia, rac xels uwyobs damcvels

swrafad daubrundes sawyis mdgomareobas. Tu Tavdasxmelma gamoiyena

cru moZraoba, is gadadgams nabijs ukan marjvena fexiT.

burTis CaWris Sesaswavlad saWiroa Semdegi varjiSebi:

varjiSi 1. damcveli gamodis burTis CasaWrelad marcxena mxridan,

Tavdasxmeli asrulebs sust gadacemas.

varjiSi 2. igive marjvena mxridan.

varjiSi 3. 1-l da me-2 varjiSs asruleben gadacemis siZlieris

TanamimdevrobiTi momatebiT.

varjiSi 4. moTamaSeebi iyofian jgufebad. yovel jgufSi sam-sami

kacia. ori moTamaSe awvdis burTs erTmaneTs, mesame moTamaSe maT SuaSi

dgas da cdilobs CaWras gadacema, romeli motamaSis gadacemul burTsac

CaWris SuaSi mdgomi moTamaSe, is dgeba SuaSi da a.S.

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varjiSi 5. moTamaSeebi ewyobian or kolonad (sur .38).maT Soris

manZIli 6-7 metria. #1 da #5 moTamaSeebi gadascemen burTs erTmaneTs. #2

da #6 gamodian #1 da #5 moTamaSeebis ukan da cdiloben CaWran

gadacema. Tu maT es gamouvidaT, maSin #1 da #5 moTamaSeebi dgebian

kolonis boloSi da burTis CaWra ver moaxerxes, #1 da #5 moTamaSeebi

adgilze rCebian, xolo #2 da #6 _ dgebian kolonis boloSi da a.S.

b). blokireba. burTis karSi tyorcnis saSiSroebis Tavidan

asacileblad xelburTSi iyeneben blokirebas rogorc tyorcnis

dasafarad (xelebiT), ise moTamaSisaTvis gzis gadasaWrelad (taniT).

uburTo moTamaSis blokirebis dros damcveli gzas uRobavs

Tavdamsxmels taniT, xelebis dauxmareblad.

burTis blokirebas ZiriTadad axorcieleben ori xeliT, damcvelma

unda gansazRvros burTis mimarTuleba. burTs, romelic miemarTeba

maRla da wels zemoT, blokirebas ukeTeben xelebiT, Zirs

gadmotyorcnil burTs blokirebas ukeTeben fexebiT da xelebis

daxmarebiT(sur. 39-40, 41-42) .

g). burTis moxsnas mimarTaven maSin, rodesac Tavdamsxmels is

mWidrod ar uWiravs karSi tyorcnis momentSi. rac ufro mWidrod

Seexebian TiTebi burTs, miT ufro naklebia saSiSroeba imisa, rom

burTis nacvlad ar moxdes Tavdamsxmelis xelze Cavleba, rac

xelburTis TamaSis wesebiT kategoriulad akrZalulia, vinaidan mas

SeiZleba mohyves Tavdamsxmeli moTamaSis travma da aseve damcvelis

gaZeveba moednidan (sur.43).

4.5. mekaris TamaSis teqnika

xelburTSi mekareTa SerCevas da momzadebas didi mniSvneloba

eniWeba. mekares burTebis aReba da mogerieba uxdeba Zalze axlo

manZilidan, amitom aucilebelia mas axasiaTebdes reaqciis siswrafe,

moZraobis swori koordinacia, moqniloba, gamZleoba, kargi fizikuri

monacemebi.

mekaris TamaSis teqnikuri xerxebia: a) ZiriTadi dgomi; b) karSi

gadaadgileba; g) burTis daWera; d) burTis mogerieba xelebiT da

fexebiT.

a)ZiriTadi dgomi. mekare dgas karSi, fexebi odnav moxrili da

gaSlili aqvs mxrebis sigrZeze (20-30 sm), tani _ odnav win daxrili,

xelebi _ gaSlili (Runganmklavi)(sur.44).

rodesac Seteva mimdinareobs flagebidan, mekare Zelis axlos

Rebulobs iseT mdgomareobas, romelic 45-e, 46-e da 48-e suraTebzea

91

naCvenebi. 47-e suraTze naCvenebia mekaris dgomi, rodesac is gamodis win,

riTac amcirebs tyorcnis kuTxesac da TiTqmis faravs kars (am

SemTxvevaSi Tavdamsxmeli cdilobs Tavze gadaugdos burTi mekares).

b)karSi gadaadgileba. imisaTvis, rom mekarem airCios saukeTeso

pozicia karSi, is gadaadgileba didi nabijebiT (midgomiTi nabijebiT

gverdze, win da ukan). gadaadgilebis dros fexebis maRla aweva an

naxtomi ar aris mizanSewonili imitom, rom mekare ver moaswrebs

reagirebas tyorcnaze.

g)burTis daWera SesaZlebeli xdeba maSin, rodesac tyorcna

Sesrulebulia sustad da mimarTulia pirdapir mekarisaken. burTs,

romelic dablaa gamotyorcnili an Zirs mogoravs, yovelTvis ori

xeliT iRebs (sur.49). Tu dabla natyorcni burTi moemarTeba gverdze

marjvena an marcxena mxres, saWiroa fexis gadadgma gverdiT, romelime

mxares.

d). burTis mogerieba xelebiT da fexebiT. Tavdamsxmelebi burTs

tyorcnian karis sxvadasxva kuTxeSi sxvadasxva mxares, misi xelSi

daWera Zalian Znelia da swored amitomaa, rom xelburTis mekareebi

ufro igerieben xolme burTs, vidre iWeren (sur.50). burTis mogerieba

SeiZleba rogorc xelebiT, ise fexebiT. fexiT burTs moigerieben,

rodesac is dabal kuTxeSi midis. mekare gadadgams grZel nabijs am

kuTxisaken, erTdroulad Slis da axmars xels, xelis guli mimarTuli

aqvs burTisaken (sur.51).

mekaris mier adgilis amorCeva damokidebulia imaze, Tu romel

mxaresaa burTi. kuTxeebidan tyorcnisas mekare karSi dgas Zelis

gverdiT. rogorc ki kuTxis moTamaSe burTs gadaawodebs Suamarbs an

centris moTamaSes, mekare maSinve gadaadgildeba misi mimarTulebiT.

mekaris upirvelesi amocanaa burTze yuradRebis gamaxvileba. is unda

akvirdebodes Tavdamsxmelis xelis moZraobas, erT wamsac ki ar

moadunos yuradReba, Torem gons mova maSin, roca burTs sakuTari

karidan gamoitans. mekare kars damcvelebTan erTad icavs, xSirad

akeTebs e.w. cru manevrebs, specialurad tovebs karis romelime mxares,

riTac SecdomaSi Sehyavs Tavdamsxmeli, romelic swored am mxares

tyorcnis burTs. mekare advilad iRebs burTs, radgan es mekaris mier

winaswar iyo Cafiqrebuli.

mekarisaTvis Znelia iseTi burTis mogerieba, romelsac xazis

moTamaSeebi 6-metris manZilidan tyorcnian vardnaSi. rogorc ki xazis

moTamaSe miiRebs burTs, mekare swrafad gamodis win karidan TiTqmis 3-4

metriT da amiT minimumamde amcirebs Tavdamsxmelis mier golis gatanis

SesaZleblobas. ufro gamocdili Tavdamsxmelebi aseT SemTxvevaSi Tavze

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gadaugdeben xolme burTs win gamosul mekares. mekare amisaTvis winaswar

unda iyos mzad da SeeZlos swrafad ukan dabruneba. aseTsave xerxs

mimarTavs mekare maSinac, rodesac Tavdamsxmelebi tyorcnian burTs

kuTxeebidan.

Svidmetriani sajarimos mosagerieblad mekareebi xSir SemTxvevaSi

karidan win gamodian 2-3 metriT. TamaSis wesebis Sesabamisab mekares

ufleba aqvs gaakeTos Semcdeni moZraoba.

mekares xSirad uwodeben dacvis xelmZRvanels, burjs. drouli

SeniSvnebiT igi afxizlebs damcvelebs, Tu isini wuTiT moaduneben

yuradRebas.

xelburTSi mekares ufleba aqvs iTamaSos, rogorc Tavdamsxmelma

(rac, Cveulebriv, xSiria). burTis aRebisTanave is kontrSetevis

organizatoria. garRvevaze gasul moTamaSes swored mekarem unda

miawodos burTi, rac xSirad karis aRebiT mTavrdeba. rodesac

partniorebi gadadian Setevaze, mekare adgils ikavebs 6-metriani zonis

win da iqidan adevnebs Tvalyurs maT moqmedebas. gamocdili mekare

bevrjer arRvevs mowinaaRmdege gundis kontrSetevas. rodesac misi gundi

awvdis kuTxurs, is adgils ikavebs moednis centrSi. Tu mowinaaRmdege

mimarTavs “presings” mTel moedanze, mekare, rogorc moednis moTamaSe,

ufro saWiro xdeba. yvela amCvevas mekare iZens sawvrTneli varjiSebis

dros. warmatebis misaRwevad mekare sawvrTnel TamaSebs xSirad atarebs,

rogorc moednis rigiTi moTamaSe.

mekaris momzadebis Taviseburebani da varjiSebi

saswavlo-sawvrTnel mecadineobaze mekarem unda gamoimuSaos

fizikuri Zala, siswrafe, gamZleoba, moqniloba da simarjve, aiTvisos

mekaris TamaSis teqnika da taqtika. man didi adgili unda dauTmos

tanvarjiSs da akrobatikas, mZleosnobas, kalaTburTs, frenburTs da

kross.

mekares umTavresad avarjiSeben kargi teqnikis mqone sxva

movarjiSeebTan erTad.

1. mekare dgas pirisaxiT karisken. moednis moTamaSe burTs

tyorcnis karSi. tyorcnasTan erTad mwvrTneli aZlevs niSans,

ris Semdegac mekare swrafad Semobrundeba da cdilobs aiRos

burTi. tyorcna xorcieldeba 8-10 metridan.

2. mekare dgas pirisaxiT kedelTan 2-3 metr manZilze. mis ukan

mwvrTnelia, romelic tyorcnis burTs kedelze. mekare

cdilobs aiRos kedlidan areknili burTi.

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3. mekare dgas karSi, mis win 3-4 metris manZilze ki mwvrTnelia,

romelic tyorcnis burTs xan marcxniv, xan marjvniv, yvela

kuTxeSi. mekarem swrafad unda aiRos burTi da pirdapir

xelebSi miawodos mwvrTnels. varjiSs asruleben swrafi

tempiT.

4. mekare wevs karebSi, mwvrTneli 2-3 metridan urtyams burTs

Zirs karisaken. mekare cdilobs woloTi mdgomareobidan

moigerios areklili burTi.

5. mekare gamodis karidan 3-4 metriT win. mwvrTneli burTs

ugdebs mas Tavs zemodan. mekare ixevs ukan da cdilobs

xtomiT moigerios is.

6. mekare dgeba kedelTan an kal;aTburTis farTan da tyorcnis

burTs maRla, kedlidan areknil burTs iRebs xtomiT da

daxtomis Semdeg kvlav imeorebs amas (30-40-jer).

7. mekare 2-3 metris manZilidan tyorcnis burTs kedlisken ise,

rom kedlidan areknil burTi daeces mis win. is cdilobs

gadaaxtes miwidan areknil burTs da bruniT daiWiros is.

8. mekare wevs saxiT kedlisken (1.5-2 metrze) da tyorcnis burTs.

is swrafad unda wamodges da daiWiros miwidan areknili

burTi.

9. mekare 4-5 metris manZilidan Zlier tyorcnis burTs

kedlisaken da cdilobs areknis Semdeg daiWiros is

(asruleben 20-30-jer).

10. mekare dgas zurgiT kedelTan, tyorcnis burTs Tavs zemodan

ukan, asrulebs bruns 5400-iT irgvliv da iWers burTs Zirs

dauSveblad (asruleben 20-30-jer orive mxares).

11. ori mekare dgas erTmaneTis pirispir da Zlier tyorcnis

erTmaneTs burTs sxvadasxva xerxiT. isini cdiloben daiWiron

natyorcni burTi (varjiSi grZeldeba 8-10 wuTi).

12. erTi mekare zis, meore 3-4 metris manZelidan burTs tyorcnis

ise, rom iatakidan asxletilma burTma Tavze gadauaros

mjdomare mekares. ukanaskneli swrafad unda wamoxtes da

aiRos burTi (imeoreben 30-35-jer).

13. mwvrTneli CogburTis CogniT sxvadasxva manZilidan sxvadasxva

mimarTulebiT urtyams CogburTis burTs mekares, romelic

cdilobs moigerios es dartymebi.

14. mekare dgas karebSi, mis win 4-5 metrze dgas ori moTamaSe

burTebiT xelSi. isini rigrigobiT tyorcnian burTebs karSi

maRal da dabal kuTxeebSi. mekare cdilobs daiWiros da

swrafad miawodos burTi xelSi moednis moTamaSes (asruleben

2-3-jer, 1.5-2 wuTSi).

94

15. mekare TamaSobs, rogorc moednis moTamaSe ormxrivi TamaSis

dros.

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98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

Tavi V

xelburTis TamaSis taqtika da taqtikuri momzadeba.

5.1. zogadi debulebebi

xelburTi 7:7 sportuli TamaSia, romelSic monawileobs ori

gundi. gundis SemadgenlobaSi 12 xelburTelia, romelTagan 7 ZiriTadi

moTamaSea (e.i. xelburTs TamaSoben 7-7 kaciT), 5 ki saTadarigo. 7

ZiriTadi moTamaSidan erTi mekarea, eqvsi ki moedanze TamaSobs. TamaSi

tardeba darbazSi an Ria moedanze (zomebi mocemulia 52-e suraTze).

xelburTis TamaSis dros moTamaSeTa Secvla SeiZleba

ganusazgvreli raodenobiT, saTamaSo drois yvela monakveTSi. rogorc

yvela sportuli TamaSi, mimdinareobs swrafi tempiT, xSirad icvleba

mdgomareoba rogorc erTi, ise meore karTan.

msajis sastvenisTanave TamaSs iwyeben centridan. Tavdamsxmelebi

(am SemTxvevaSi TavdamsxmelebSi igulisxmeba gundi, romelic flobs

burTs) cdiloben drois mcire monakveTSi miuaxlovdnen mowinaagmdegis

kars da gaitanon burTi. Gundi, romelic Setevis dros dakargavs burTs

an gaitans gols, maSinve brundeba ukan da icavs Tavisi karis

misadgomebs. Yyoveli gatanili golis Semdeg TamaSs iwyeben centridan.

xelburTSi yvela teqnikur xerxs – burTis tarebas, gadacemas,

tyorcnas – asruleben mxolod xeliT. mxolod mekares aqvs ufleba

iTamaSos tanis yvela nawiliT (isic mxolod maSin, roca mekaris

moedanzea). xelburTis TamaSis ZiriTadi moqmedebebia sirbili, xtoma,

SeCereba, bruni da tyorcna. maTi kargad Sesruleba xels uwyobs

xelburTis TamaSis srulyofas. mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT is faqtic,

rom sirbili, xtoma, tyorcna da sxva, miekuTvneba iseTi moZraobebis

ricxvs, romlebic xels uwyobs organizmis yovelmxriv ganviTarebas.

taqtikuri momzadebis amocanebi. sportsmenis momzadebis procesSi

taqtikuri momzadebis ganxilvisas calke unda gamovyoT ori ZiriTadi

momenti: Teoriuli da praqtikuli.

Teoriuli momzadeba im saSualebebis gamoyenebas iTvaliswinebs,

romlebic saWiroa xelburTis damoukidebeli muSaobisaTvis, magaliTad,

TamaSis taqtikis Taviseburebebis Seswavla literaturuli wyaroebidan

an kinomasalidan, sakuTari dakvirvebebis ganzogadeba saswavlo-sawvrTno

procesisa da Sejibrebebis dros, xelburTis TamaSis wesebisa da

msajobis Taviseburebebis Seswavla da a.S.

xelburTelis yuradReba mimarTuli unda iyos taqtikaSi

momzadebis sakuTari gamocdilebisa da SejibrebebSi monawileobis

detaluri analizisken.

110

sportsmenTa dRiurebis masalis analizi xels uwyobs taqtikuri

momzadebis TaviseburebaTa naklovanebaTa gansazRvras da momavlisTvis

maTi gamosworebis konkretuli gzebis dasaxvas.

xSir SemTxvevaSi rekomendirebulia daavalon moTamaSes damou-

kideblad Seadginos taqtikuri momzadebis individualuri gegma,

romelic aucileblad unda iqnas ganxiluli gundis krebaze da Semdeg

damtkicebuli mwvrTnelis mier.

taqtikuri momzadebis dros xelburTelebis winaSe dgas ramdenime

urTierTdakavSirebuli amocana:

1. reaqciis siswrafis, rTul saTamaSo situaciebSi orientirebis

Seswavla. sxvadasxva taqtikuri amocanis gadawyvetisadmi iniciativis

gamoCenis ganviTareba;

2. Tavdasxmis da dacvis dros individualuri moqmedebis da

ubralo jgufuri taqtikuri urTierTqmedebis Seswavla. ZiriTadi

gunduri moqmedebis Seswavla xelburTelTa saTamaSo ampluisa da

funqciebis gansazRvruli sqemis mixedbiT;

3. teqnikuri xerxebis racionaluri da efeqturi gamoyenebisaTvis

saWiro Cvevebis Camoyalibeba, taqtikuri moqmedebis Seswavla sakuTari

Zalisa da SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT uSualod Sejibrebis

pirobebSi da mowinaaRmdegis Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

4. Sexvedris mimdinareobis procesSi taqtikuri variantis da

sistemis Secvla moedanze Seqmnili mdgomareobisa da situaciis

mixedviT.

pirvel or amocanas, rogorc wesi, wyveten xelburTis taqtikis

Seswavlis dasawyisSi, xolo danarCens _ taqtikis srulyofis

mravalwliani periodis ganmavlobaSi.

TamaSis taqtika moTamaSeTa individualuri, jgufuri da gunduri

moqmedebis formaa, romelic mimarTulia dasaxuli miznis

ganxorcielebisaken.

konkretul saTamaSo pirobebSi konkretul mowinaaRmdegesTan

TamaSis wayvanis xerxebis, saSualebebisa da formebis gansazRvra

taqtikis ZiriTadi amocanaa. TamaSis warmarTvis saSualebebs

ganekuTvneba yvela is teqnikuri xerxi, romelsac xelburTelebi iyeneben

Tavdasxmasa da dacvaSi TamaSis dros.

xelburTis TamaSisas yvela moqmedeba eqvemdebareba ori

umniSvnelovanesi taqtikuri amocanis gadaWras: 1. yvela winaaRmdegobis

gadalaxvas karis mimarTulebiT da golis gatanas; 2. sakuTari karis

dacvis uzrunvelyofas. orive amocana erTnairad mniSvnelovania, vinaidan

TamaSSi gamarjvebas gansazRvravs gatanili da miRebuli burTebis

sxvaoba.

moTamaSis unars, swrafad airCios brZolis saukeTeso saSualeba –

taqtikuri azrovneba ewodeba. taqtika xels uwyobs moTamaSeebs,

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karnaxobs maT, rogor moiqcnen ama Tu im situaciaSi. yovelive es ar

niSnavs, rom radgan arsebobs taqtika da raime gansakuTrebuli amocana,

moTamaSes ar SeuZlia gamoiCinos iniciativa. piriqiT, Tu romelime

saTamaSo situaciaSi taqtikis amocanas aqvs gagrZeleba, magram moTamaSe

sxva gadawyvetilebas iRebs da gaitans gols an uvnebelyofs Tavis kars,

es mis taqtikur azrovnebaze metyvelebs.

5.2. moTamaSeTa funqciebi

gundis moqmedebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani pirobaa moTamaSeTa

funqciebis ganawileba.

xelburTis moTamaSeebi Tavdamsxmelebic arian da damcvelebic,

magram funqciebis ganawilebis dros upiratesoba Tavdasxmas eniWeba.

moTamaSeebi funqciebis mixedviT iyofian: ukana xazisa

(romelTagan erTi gamTamaSebelia, ori ki - Suamarbi) da wina xazis

moTamaSeebad (erTi uSualod xazis moTamaSea, ori ki – kuTxis). yvela

moTamaSes Tavisi funqciebi aqvs TavdasxmaSi, magram es ar niSnavs, rom

Suamarbma unda iTamaSos marto Tavis adgilze, an xazis moTamaSem –

mxolod xazze. yvela xelburTeli damcvelic aris da Tavdamsxmelic,

amitom isini yvela zonaSi erTnairad unda TamaSobdnen. xelburTis

gunds hyavs karis daraji – mekare.

moTamaSeTa ganlagebas moedanze gansazRvraven TavdasxmaSi

gamoyenebuli sistemiT da mowinaaRmdegis dacvis mixedviT.

TavdasxmaSi moTamaSeebi ZiriTadad ganlagdebian ise, rogorc es 53-

e suraTzea naCvenebi. Aam SemTxvevaSi ganvixilavT, vis ra funqcia akisria

da moednis romeli nawilia misi samoqmedo are. suraTze Cans, rom

moTamaSeebi ganlagebuli arian or xazze. wina xazze dganan

xelburTelebi, romlebic moqmedeben 6-metriani xazis raionSi an

uSualod mis siaxloves, xolo Tavdasxmis ukana xazis moTamaSeebi

ganlagdebian da moqmedeben dacvis win karidan 9-14 metris manZilze.

Tavdasxmis wina xazi Sedgeba kuTxis ori da xazis erTi

moTamaSisagan, Tavdasxmis ukana xazi ki – ori Suamarbis da erTi

gamTamaSebeli moTamaSisagan. am moTamaSeebs uwodeben 9-metriani xazis

moTamaSeebs, anu Sori manZilidan mtyorcnelebs.

am ori xazis moTamaSeTa raodenoba SeiZleba Seicvalos Tavdasxmis

sistemis SecvlasTan dakavSirebiT. xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac gundi

TavdasxmaSi TamaSobs ori xazis moTamaSiT. maSin, cxadia, wina xazze

samis nacvlad oTxi moTamaSe iqneba, ukan ki – ori (sur. 54). Tavdasxmis

aseT sistemas ewodeba 2-4 (sur.54).

rogorc aRvniSneT, xelburTels unda hqondes mravalmxrivi

momzadeba, SeeZlos TamaSi yvela adgilas, sadac mwvrTneli daayenebs.

amitom wvrTnis procesSi yvelaferi es unda gaviTvaliswinoT da

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srulyofilad SevaswavloT is specifikuri saTamaSo moqmedeba, romelic

dakavSirebulia kuTxis, xazisa Tu Suamarbis TamaSTan.

kuTxis moTamaSeebi, rogorc wesi, swrafni arian. maT

kontrSetevebisaTvis iyeneben. kuTxis moTamaSeebi arian marjvena da

marcxena flangis. Tu moTamaSe caciaa, is TamaSobs Tavdasxmis marjvena

flangze, rac mas saSualebas aZlevs gazardos tyorcnis kuTxe. kuTxis

moTamaSe valdebulia flobdes karSi tyorcnis yvela xerxs: tyorcnas

xtomiT, vardniT, nabijebiT, axlo, Soreuli, maRal da dabal kuTxeebSi.

xazis moTamaSeebi moqmedeben uSualod 6-metrian xazze

damcvelebsSoris. maTi raodenoba (1-2 moTamaSe) damokidebulia

Tavdasxmisas TamaSis sistemaze. xazis moTamaSeebi maRali tanis da

fizikurad Zlierni, moZravni da marjveni arian, maT karSi tyorcna unda

Seasrulon drois mcire monakveTSi, burTis miRebisTanave, vinaidan

damcvelebi TavdamsxmelebTan Zalze axlos imyofebian da yoveli neli

moqmedeba minimumamde amcirebs Tavdamsxmelis SesaZleblobebs. xazis

moTamaSeebisgadaadgileba mTel zonaze an mis romelime nawilSi

damokidebulia Tavdasxmis sistemaze.

Suamarbi unda iyos maRali tanis, Zlieri, moqnili, kargad

flobdes burTis swrafi gadacemisa da karSi tyorcnis teknikas.

Soridan Zlieri tyorcniT isini aiZuleben damcvelebs gamovidnen win,

riTac aTavisufleben adgils xazis da kuTxis moTamaSeebis samoqmedod.

Suamarbis specifikuri xerxebi karSi tyorcnisTvi: tyorcna karSi

damcvelebs zemodan xtomiT, tyorcna jvaredini nabijis Semdeg, tyorcna

gadaxriT gverdze, tyorcna qvevidan, gverdidan. Suamarbebi agrTve

srulyofilad unda flobdnen burTis gadacemis teqnikas. Cveulebrivi

gdacemis garda arsebobs faruli gdacema, romelic aucilebelia

SuamarbisaTvis. aseTi gdacemebi Semdegi saxisaa: zurgs uknidan, Tavs

zemodan, xels qvemodan, fexebs qvemodan da moednidan arekvlili.

vinaidan Suamarbi Tavdasxmis dros mowinaaRmdegis karidan ufro

Sors imyofeba, burTis dakargvis SemTxvevaSi mas akisria yvelaze

sapasuxismgeblo movaleoba _ dabrundes saswrafod ukan mowinaaRmdege

gundis kontrSetevis CasaSlelad.

gamTamaSebeli unda flobdes yvela teqnikur-taqtikur xerxs. is

imyofeba moednis centrSi. Mmisi mizania droulad da zustad awvdides

burTs Suamarbebs, kuTxis da xazis moTamaSeebs. gamTamaSebel

moTamaSezea mTlianad damokidebuli im taqtikuri Canafiqris

ganxorcieleba, romelic konkretuli momentis an konkretuli matCisTvis

gundis winaSea dasaxuli.

mekareerT-erTi ZiriTadi figuraa. xelburTSi, fexburTisagan

gansxvavebiT, tyorcnis siZliere naklebia, magram gacilebiT ufro zusti

da moulodnelic.

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aqedan gamomdinare, mekareTa SerCevas da momzadebas xelburTSi

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eqceva. vinaidan xelburTis mekares umravles

SemTxvevaSi axlo manZilidan uxdeba burTebis mogerieba, misTvis

aucilebelia iseTi Tvisebebi rogoricaa: siswrafe, reaqcia, moZraobis

koordinacia, moqniloba, gamZleoba da, rac mTavaria kargi fizikuri

monacemebi. xelburTis mekareebad ZiriTadad irCeven sportsmenebs,

romelTa simaRle 190-195sm-ia. saukeTeso mekareebi iyvnen da umaRels

titulebs flobdnen mixeil iSenko (ssrk, 190 sm), kornel penu (rumineTi,

191 sm), viland Smidti (gdr, 189 sm), manfred hofmani (gfr, 191 sm) da sxva.

zemo aRniSnuli ar niSnavs, rom ufro dabali tanis moTamaSeebs ar

SeuZliaT mekareoba. cnobilia bevri SemTxveva, roca “dabali” mekareebi

brwyinavdnen sakavSiro Tu saerTaSoriso sarbielze (j. abaiSvili, i.

capenko, i. tomini da sxva.), magram isini dabali simaRlis kompensacias

axdendnen fizikuri da fsiqologiuri momzadebis maRali doniT.

rogorc aRvniSneT, xelburTis TamaSis yvela moqmedeba emyareba

ori ZiriTadi taqtikuri amocanis gadaWras – Tavdasxmasa da dacvaSi

TamaSis organizebas.

ganvixiloT TiToeuli cal-calke.

5.3. TavdasxmaSi TamaSis taqtika

TamaSis mimdinareobis procesSi Tavdasxma gundis ZiriTadi

funqciaa. Aaqtiuri SeteviTi moqmedebis saSualebiT gundi xelT igdebs

saTamaSo iniciativas da aiZulebs mowinaaRmdeges miiRos misTvis

sasargeblo taqtikuri gegma. Tavdamsxmeli gundis ZiriTadi mizania

burTis gatana mowinaaRmdegis karSi. Ggundma dasaxuli gegma (karSi

burTis gatana), rom ganaxorcielos, aucilebelia sworad gamoiyenos

zustad organizebuli, winaswar ganzraxuli da saukeTesod momzadebuli

taqtikuri svla, burTiT miuaxlovdes mowinaaRmdegis sajarimo xazs da

Seqmnas karSi tyorcnis (golis gatania) realuri SesaZlebloba.

Tavdasxmis taqtika iZleva imis saSualebas, rom sxvadasxva

mowinaaRmdegis mimarT, konkretul SemTxvevaSi, TamaSis sxvadasxva

momentSi gamoiyenos ufro Sesatyvisi, mizandasaxuli saSualebebi da

xerxebi gegmazomieri SetevisaTvis.

Tavdasxmisas yvela moqmedeba Tavisi xasiaTiT individualuri da

koleqtiuria. klasifikaciis Tanaxmad koleqtiuri moqmedeba iyofa

jgufur da gundur moqmedebad.

individualuri moqmedeba. individualur moqmedebaSi igulisxmeba

is xerxebi, romlebsac moTamaSe iyenebs TavdasxmaSi taqtikuri amocanis

gadasawyvetad.

Tavdasxmis individualuri taqtika xelburTelis mizandasaxuli

moqmedebaa, misi unari ramdenime saTamaSo situaciidan SearCios yvelaze

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realuri, ganTavisufldes mowinaaRmdegis meurveobisagan, Seqmnas

TavisTvis saukeTeso pirobebi karis asaRebad.

individualuri moqmedeba Tavdasxmisas mimdinareobs rogorc

uburTod, ise burTiT.

uburTod moqmedebas ganekuTvneba: mowinaaRmdegis meurveobisagan

ganTavisufleba (gaxsna), misi yuradRebis gadatana sakuTar Tavvze da

amiT ricxobrivi upiratesobis Seqmna moednis calkeul monakveTze.

uburTo moTamaSem, romelic irCevs saTamaSo pozicias, unda

daicvas Semdegi wesebi: a). Tavisi meurve (damcveli) hyavdes mudmiv

daZabulobaSi, gauZnelos mas dazRveva an burTis CaWra; b). airCios

moedanze iseTi pozicia, rom TavisTvis Seiqmnas karis aRebis saukeTeso

mdgomareoba, an aseTi mdgomareoba Seuqmnas Tavis partniors: g). ar

SeuSalos xeli burTian partniors, gauTavisuflos mas gza karisaken.

burTiT moqmedebaa: tareba, gadacema da miReba, tyorcna, cru

moZraoba.

rogorc Tavdasxmisas TamaSis taqtikis gansazRvris dros

avRniSneT, Tavdasxmis yvela moqmedeba individualuri da koleqtiuria,

xolo es ukanaskneli iyofa jgufur da gundur moqmedebad.

jgufuri moqmedeba. jgufuri moqmedeba ramodenime moTamaSis

erToblivi moqmedebaa, romelic gansxvavdeba Sesrulebis sxvadasxvaobiT

da mimarTulia dacvis winaRobis gadasalaxavad.

Uubralo jgufuri moqmedebaa or-sam moTamaSes Soris

urTierTmoqmedeba. Aam urTierTmoqmedebis mTavari mizania burTis

gadacema, romlis Sesrulebis xarisxze bevrad aris damokidebuli

gundis warmateba.

Jgufuri moqmedeba praqtikulad sruldeba kombinaciis formiT,

romelsac swavloben winaswar an qmnian TamaSis msvlelobisas moedanze

viTarebis Sesabamisad. aseTi taqtikuri kombinaciis warmatebiT

Sesruleba mTlianadaa damokidebuli moTamaSeTa moqmedebasa da

urTierTgagebaze. rodesac gundi gadadis dacvidan Tavdasxmaze, gadacema

xorcieldeba or-sam moTamaSes Soris xan adgilebis Seucvlelad, xan ki

adgilebis SecvliT.

jgufuri moqmedebis Seswavla da srulyofa

ramodenime Tavdamsxmelis urTierTqmedebas Seiswavlian imis mere,

rodesac maT gamoumuSavdebaT individualuri moqmedebis Cvevebi. jer

aswavlian kombinacias ori, Semdeg sami, oTxi moTamaSisaTvis da a.S.

burTis gadacema wyvilebSi. am ubralo kombinaciis arsi aseTia:

Tavdamsxmeli, romelic flobs burTs, damcvelTan Sexvedris dros

awvdis mas Tavis partniors. burTis gadacemis momentidan damcveli

adunebs yuradrebas uburTod darCenili Tavdamsxmelis mimarT, riTac es

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ukanaskneli sargeblobs – gaurbis gverdze damcvels da xelmeored

iRebs burTs. Kkombinacia mTavrdeba ori-sami gadacemis Semdeg da

moTamaSe karis aRebisaTvis saukeTeso adgils irCevs.

isari. am kombinacias ufro metad iyeneben ukana xazis moTamaSeebi.

sawyis mdgomareobaSi: samive moTamaSe imyofeba Tavisufali tyorcnis

xazs ukan. am kombinaciis warmateba damokidebulia moTamaSeTa

gadaadgilebis erTdroulobaze, siswrafesa da burTis gadacemis

sizusteze. pirvelad burTs miiRebs #2 moTamaSe, romelic didi

siswrafiT burTianad Sedis Tavisufali tyorcnis zonaSi da akeTebs

karSi tyorcnis imitacias. tyorcnisaTvis gaqnevis momentSi uknidan

gamorbis #4 moTamaSe da miiRebs burTs, 1-2 nabijis gadadgmis Semdeg

isev akeTebs karSi tyorcnis imitacias. am momentSi #4 moTamaSis zurgs

ukan mirbis #3 moTamaSe, romelic miiRebs burTs. #4 da #2 moTamaSeebi

cdiloben gza gadauRobon damcvelebs (bloki), riTac #3 moTamaSes

saSualeba eZleva Tavisuflad tyorcnos burTi karSi (sur.55).

samkuTxedies kombinacia umTavresad xorcieldeba flangebze

centris erT-erTi moTamaSis monawileobiT. rodesac burTi aqvs Suamarbs

(#2 moTamaSe), kuTxis moTamaSe #4 akeTebs swraf garbens “derefanSi”. is

cdilobs rac SeiZleba axlos mivides karis moedanTan, sadac as safars

ukeTebs xazis moTamaSe #3. am momentSi Suamarbi #2 gadaawodebs burTs

kuTxis moTmamaSes da midis mis adgilas kuTxeSi (sur.56). Tu kuTxis

moTamaSem ver Seasrula karSi tyorcna, is burTis tarebiT gamodis

gareT da ikavebs Suamarbis adgils. amis Semdeg iwyeba kombinaciis meore

etapi. Suamarbi – moTamaSe #2 – gamodis kuTxidan da iWers adgils

Tavisufali tyorcnis xazs gareT, Semdeg asrulebs swraf garbens

centrisaken. am dros kuTxis moTamaSe #4 burTs awvdis Suamarbs da

TviTon midis win xazis moTamaSisaken, romelTanac erTad bloks ukeTebs

dacvas. moTamaSe #2 didi siCqariT axlos midis karis moednis xazTan da

xtomiT tyorcnis burTs (sur.57).

gunduri moqmedeba. xelburTSi moTamaSeebi TavianT gundur

moqmedebas Setevis dros axorcieleben ori sistemiT: 1. swrafi

garRveviT; 2. Ppoziciuri TavdasxmiT (sistemebi).

ganvixiloT TiToeuli calcalke.

swrafi garRveva miznad isaxvs gamoiyenos mowinaaRmdegis is

droebiTi, araorganizebuli dacva, romelic iqmneba burTis dakargvis

dros. amisaTvis swrafi garRveva saWiroa maSinve, roca damcveli an

mekare aiRebs burTs. swrafi garRveva SeiZleba ganxorcieldes erTi

grZeli gadacemiT da ramodenime gadacemiT wyvilebsa an sameulebSi,

rodesac centridan an kuTxeebidan uteven mowinaaRmdegis kars.

yvelaze ubralo da efeqturi swrafi garRvevaa grZeli gadacema

mekaris an romelime moTamaSis mier. magaliTad, natyorcni burTi aiRo

mekarem, is swrafad ixedeba win, sadac garRvevaze gadis ramodenime

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moTamaSe, da zustad gadaawodebs burTs saukeTeso mdgomareobaSi myof

moTamaSes. Aam SemTxvevaSi moTamaSe ar unda iyos Zalze Sors, radgan

burTi SeiZleba CaWras mowinaaRmdegis mekarem.

gundi akeTebs agreTve garRvevas (mokle garRvevas) mokle

gadacemiT, romelsac asrulebs ramodenime moTamaSe. rodesac burTs

miiRebs kuTxis moTamaSe, romelic mTeli siswrafiT moeqaneba win, mis

gverdiT centrSi garbis meore moTamaSe, kidev gverdze mesame (kuTxis

moTamaSe), e.i. pirvel mwkrivSi erTdroulad garRvevazea sami

xelburTeli. darCenili sami moTamaSe imave TanmimdevrobiT meore

mwkrivSi garbis. rodesac wina xazzea 4 moTamaSe, ukan rCeba ori,

romlebic mihyvebian maT. swrafi garRveva Sedgeba sami

urTierTdamokidebuli fazisgan: 1. Ddacvidan Tavdasxmaze gadasvla: 2.

moedanze manevrireba; 3. Setevis dagvirgvineba. samive fazas aqvs Tavisi

mizanSewonili formebi moTamaSeTa taqtikur urTierTqmedebaSi. swraf

garRvevas axasiaTebs ubraloeba da Sesrulebis sizuste. Yyovelive es,

rogorc wesi, agebulia gadacemasa da karTan gasvlaze.

swrafi garRveva Cveulebriv mTavrdeba, rodesac Tavdamsxmelebs

aqvT ricxobrivi upiratesoba damcvelebze. magaliTad, Setevaze ori

Tavdamsxmelia da maT win mxolod erTi damcveli. erT-erT Tavdamsxmels

(romelic flobs burTs) damcvelis yuradReba gdaaqvs Tavis Tavze

(miiwevs karisaken an akeTebs karSi tyorcnis imitacias, damcveli

iZulebulia mas xeli SeuSalos). Aam dros meore Tavdamsxmeli gadis

Tavisufal adgilas, iRebs burTs da amTavrebs garRvevas karSi

tyorcniT. Tu sami Tavdamsxmeli moqmedebs ori damcvelis winaaRmdeg,

golis gatanis SesaZlebloba matulobs. erTi Tavdamsxmeli (burTiani)

zonaSi aqtiuri SesvliT orive mcvelis yuradRebas iqcevs, xolo

rodesac erTi romelime damcveli win gamova, burTs gadascemen

Tavisufal adgilze gasul romelime Tavdamsxmels.

magram xSirad swrafi garRvevis dros ar xerxdeba ricxobrivi

upiratesobis Seqmna. amisaTvis Tavdamsxmelebi mzad unda iyon da

ricxobrivi Tanabrobis SemTxvevaSi swrafi gadawyvetileba miiRon. am

dros gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs moedanze gadaadgilebas

adgilebis SenacvlebiT. adgilebis cvla xels uwyobs damcvelebis

yuradRebis modunebas da burTian Tavdamsxmels saSvalebas aZlevs

airCios xelsayreli adgili burTis miRebisa da tyorcnisTvis.

swrafi garRveva mofiqrebuli moqmedebebis kompleqsia, risTvisac

aucilebelia fizikuri da taqtikuri momzadebis maRali done. siswrafe

da, ganaskuTrebiT, gamZleoba swrafi garRvevis mniSvnelovani

faqtorebia.

didi mniSvneloba aqvs agreTve teqnikuri ostatobis dones. swrafi

garRveva efeqturia maSin, rodesac yoveli moTamaSe maqsimalur

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siswrafeze uSecdomod SeZlebs burTis daWeras, gadacemas, tarebas da

karSi zustad tyorcnas.

swrafi garRvevis Seswavla da srulyofa. swrafi garRvevis

Seswavla iwyeba misi arsisa da mniSvnelobis gacnobidan. moqmedebis

siswrafe gadamwyveti faqtoria swrafi garRvevis dros warmatebis

misaRwevad. amisaTvis Seswavla iwyeba ori moTamaSis moqmedebiT. Ppirvel

rigSi saWiroa grZeli gadacemebis aTviseba, magaliTad, erTi moTamaSe

axorcielebs garRvevas, meore ki _ 15-20 metris garbenis Semdeg awvdis

mas burTs. Semdeg mimdinareobs wyvilebSi burTis gadacema da karSi

tyorcna.

mogvyavs savarjiSo magaliTebi, romelTa gamoyeneba swrafi

garRvevis asaTvisebladaa saWiro:

1. mekare awvdis burTs Tavisi gundis #1 moTamaSes (sur. 58), es

ukanaskneli ki - #2 moTamaSes. tarebis Semdeg is asrulebs tyorcnas

karSi, romelsac icavs meore mekare. Semdeg es ukanaskneli awvdis burTs

#11 moTamaSes, romelic imaves asrulebs meore karSi da a.S. e.i. Tu

jgufSi 12 moTamaSea (maTgan 2 mekare), erTkarSi dgeba 5 moTamaSe,

meoresTanac -5;

2. burTis gadacema wyvilebSi da karSi tyorcna (neli sirbiliT);

3. burTis gadacema sam Tavdamsxmels Soris erTi an ori damcvelis

winaaRmdeg;

4. TamaSi cal karSi (3X3, 4X4 da a.S.). rodesac mwvrTneli aZlevs

niSans, garRveva xdeba meore karisaken (niSans aZlevs maSin, rodesac

Tavdasxma kargavs burTs an mekare aiRebs mis mier natyorcn burTs).

ZiriTadi urTierTmoqmedeba Tavdasxmis dros

taqtikuri kombinacia Tavdasxmisas ori an ramdenime moTamaSis

moqmedebaa, rac gulisxmobs maT gadaadgilebas moedanze, cru moZraobis

Sesrulebas da erTmaneTisTvis burTis miwodebas gansazRvruli

TanmimdevrobiT.

kuTxis moTamaSis urTierTqmedeba xazis moTamaSesTan

kuTxis moTamSe 9-metrian xazTan miiRebs burTs da tarebiT midis

Tavis flangze 6-metriani xazisaken, mas mihyveba damcvelic. Tu

SesaZlebelia, kuTxis moTamaSe awvdis burTs xazis moTamaSes, romelic

tyorcnis burTs karSi. (sur. 59).

xazis moTamaSis urTierTqmedeba SuamarbTan

Tu Tavdamsxmelebi Seqmnian ricxobriv upiratesobas, maSin

kombinaciis warmateba damokidebulia fintebis siswrafesa da

SeTanxmebulobaze, xazis moTamSis gadaadgilebisas da pirveli

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gadacemis sizusteze. Suamarbi, romelic miiRebs burTs, akeTebs karSi

tyorcnis imitacias, riTic xazis moTamaSis meurves aiZulebs yuradReba

masze gadaitanos. Aam dros xazis moTamaSe gverdze gadis, iRebs burTs

da tyorcnis karSi (sur. 60).

Suamarbebis urTirTqmedeba kuTxis moTamaSeebTan

ganlageba am SemTxvevaSi iseTivea, rogorc zemoT aRvwereT. Tu

damcveli, romelic meurveobs kuTxis moTamaSes, cdilobs ”Caketos”

xazis moTamaSe, Suamarbi awvdis burTs kuTxis moTamaSes, risTvisac

iyenebs gadacemas zurgs uknidan an pirdapir, mxolod swrafad. kuTxis

moTamaSe iWers burTs da tyorcnis karSi (sur. 61).

xazis moTamaSis urTierTqmedeba kuTxis moTamaSesTan

kuTxis moTamaSis Carbeni. kuTxis moTamaSe awvdis burTs Suamarbs

da garbis centrisken zonis pararelurad, isev iRebs burTs da awvdis

xazis moTamaSes. kuTxis moTamaSis moZraobasTan erTad ”ixsneba” xazis

moTamaSe, romelic gadaadgildeba damcvelis mimarTulebiT (im

damcvelis mimarTulebiT, romelic icavda kuTxis moTamaSes) da

Semobrundeba misken zurgiT. rogorc ki xazis moTamaSe daiWers burTs

tyorcnis karSi.

poziciuri Tavdasxma (TamaSis sistemebi)

Setevas, romelic xorcieldeba im gundis mimarT, romlis

moTamaSeebmac moaswres dacvaSi dabruneba, poziciuri Tavdasxma ewodeba.

poziciuri Tavdasxmisas gamoiyofa ori faza: 1. Mmomzadebis faza; 2.

ricxobrivi upiratesobis Seqmna da Setevis damTavreba.

pirvel fazaSi moTamaSeebi ikaveben TavianT poziciebs da

emzadebian Semdgomi moqmedebisaTvis.

meore fazaSi sruldeba moTamaSeTa urTierTqmedeba, romelic

gegmiT iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. zonuri dacvis winaaRmdeg xelburTSi

arsebobs ori sistema: 4:2 da 3:3. amaTgan yvelaze ufro gavrcelebulia

TavdamsxmelTa ganlageba 3:3. aseT ganlagebaSi monawileobs kuTxis 2

moTamaSe (marjvena da marcxena), xazis erTi moTamaSe sami Suamarbi. 4:2

ganlagebis Tavisebureba ise aris, rom xazis erTi moTamaSis nacvlad

oria da, cxadia, Suamarbic oria.

Tavdasxmisas Seteva xorcieldeba sxvadasxva sistemiT.

1. Seteva xazis moTamaSeebiT gamoyenebulia dacvis yvela sistemis

winaaRmdeg. xazis moTamaSed irCeven fizikurad Zlier xelburTels,

romelsac damcvelis mkacri winaaRmdegobebis miuxedavad, SeuZlia

droze ganTavisufldes, miiRos burTi da tyorcnos karSi. xazis

moTamaSis ZiriTadi amocanaa miiRos burTi mosaxerxebel mdgomareobaSi

da tyorcnos karSi. xazis moTamaSe yovelTvis Setevis mimarTulebiT

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manevrirebs. igi CarTulia 9-metriani sajarimos gaTamaSebaSi, Suamarbebi

mas awvdian burTs, TviTon ki iswrafvian karisaken. xazis moTamaSe burTs

ubrunebs isev mas an meore Suamarbs da TviTon ikavebs Tavis adgils

xazze (eZebs ufro Tavisufal da mosaxerxebel adgils).

xazis or moTamaSes gundi iyenebs im SemTxvevaSi, Tu damcveli

gundis moTamaSeebi win arian waweuli, an maSin, rodesac TavdamsxmelTa

gunds ricxobrivi upiratesoba aqvs.

2. Seteva yvela moTamaSis SeTanxmebuli gadaadgilebiT poziciuri

Tavdasxmis yvelaze efeqturi xerxia. Seteva SeiZleba gamoiyenon dacvis

yvela sistemis winaaRmdeg. am Setevis yvelaze gavrcelebuli variantebia:

“rviani”, “talRa”, “kuTxeebis cvla” da sxva.

ganvixiloT TiToeuli cal-calke.

“rviani”. rogorc saxelwodeba gviCvenebs moTamaSeTa gadaadgileba

xdeba rvianisebri formiT (sur. 62). burTs umetes SemTxvevaSi gadascemen

centrSi, sadac kuTxeebidan gamodian moTamaSeebi.Oori moTamaSe Cadgeba

marcxena mxares (erTi _ kuTxeSi, meore _ odnav centrisken), ori

moTamaSe _ marjvena mxares, ori ki ukan ikavebs adgils. burTi aqvs #2

moTamaSes, is awvdis mas #3 moTamaSes da garbis #6 moTamaSis adgilze.

amave dros #4 moTamaSe ikavebs #2 moTamaSis adgils da #3 moTamaSe,

romelic utevs kars, awvdis burTs mas. #3 moTamaSe garbis #5 moTamaSis

adgilze, mis adgils ki ikavebs #7 moTamaSe da a.S. aucilebeli ar aris

burTis gadacema mxolod am xerxiT. Tu Tavdamsxmelma SeamCnia, rom

xazze myofi romelime moTamaSe Tavisufalia, mas awvdis burTs.

”talRa”. Aam sistemis arsi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom Tavdasxmis xuTi

moTamaSe rigrigobiT utevs mowinaaRmdegis kars da damcvelTan

miaxloebisas swrafad awvdis burTs gverdze myof Tanagundels, TviTon

ki midis xazTan da akavebs damcvels (sur. 63). moZraoba da gadacema

mimdinareobs swrafi tempiT. #1 moTamaSe akeTebs karSi xtomiT tyorcnis

imitacias da awvdis burTs #2 moTamaSes, is midis cru tyorcnaze da

awvdis burTs #3 moTamaSes da a.S. kombinacias amTavrebs is moTamaSe,

romelic karis aRebisTvis ufro xelsayrel mdgomareobaSi miiRebs

burTs.

xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac Tavdamsxmelis Sesaxvedrad win gamodian

damcvelebi. Aam SemTxvevaSi Tavdamsxmeli burTs awvdis xazis moTamaSes.

”kuTxeebis cvla”. Aam SemTxvevaSi gadaadgildeba mxolod oTxi

moTamaSe, ori rCeba Suamarbis poziciaze da elodeba SetevaSi Cabmis

SemTxvevas. kuTxis moTamaSeebi icvlian adgilebs. rodesac kuTxis erT-

erTi moTamaSe, magaliTad, #4 gamodis Tavis adgilidan, meore moTamaSe,

#6, miiRebs burTs #2 moTamaSisgan da awvdis mas #4 moTamaSes. am

ukanasknelis moZraoba iwyeba im momantidan, ridesac burTs miiRebs #2

moTamaSe. es mas saSualebas aZlevs advilad moscildes damcvels.

kombinaciis kargad dasruleba damokidebulia #6 da #4 moTamaSeebis

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sizusteze. Tu burTs karSi ar tyorcnian, mas gadascemen #3 moTamaSes,

romelic awvdis meore flangze #7 moTamaSes. #5 moTamaSe ganagrZobs

kombinacias, ucvlis adgils #4 moTamaSes da gadis mis adgilze, sadac

mas adgils uTmobs sawyis mdgomareobaSi dabrunebuli #6 moTamaSe.

kombinacias imeoreben gadamwyvet tyorcnamde an sxva moqmedebaze

gadasvliT. Aam kombinaciis Sesrulebisas ukana xazis romelime moTamaSe

(#2 an #3) SeiZleba gamoiyenon xazze moTamaSed. is ar monawileobs

adgilebis Secvlaze, magram aqtiurad exmareba kuTxis moTamaSeebs da #7

da #6 moTamaSeebs, romlebsac uqmnis karis aRebis SesaZleblobas (sur

64).

Tavdasxma organizebuli dacvis winaaRmdeg

1. moTamaSe #7 gadascems burTs #4-s da midis win da marjvniv. #4

moTamaSe, Tavis mxriv, awvdis burTs #6-s. es ukanaskneli, miiRebs ra

burTs, swrafi tarebiT miiwevs win marjvena flangze. Aam dros #3

moTamaSe gadis marcxniv da blokirebas ukeTabs uaxloes damcvels. Aam

moqmedebebTan erTad #4 moTamaSe iwyebs moZraobas da midis marjvena

flangisken #3 moTamaSis ukan. Ggadaadgilebis dros #6 moTamaSe iRebs

gadawyvetilebas situaciis mixedviT: agrZelebs svlas karisken da

tyorcnis burTs karSi, an awvdis mas #4 moTamaSes. Tu es ver moxerxda,

igi awvdis burTs #7 moTamaSes, romelic centrSi dgas da iwyeba

Setevis axali varianti (sur. 65).

2. moTamaSe #7 awvdis burTs #4 moTamaSes da gadis win mekaris

moednisaken. #4 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #8-s da gadis win da marjvniv.

#8 moTamaSe burTis swrafi tarebiT miiwevs win da cdilobs tyorcnos

burTi karSi. amave momentSi moTamaSe #5 iwyebs swraf moZraobas win da

marjvniv. #8 moTamaSe iRebs gadawyvetilebas situaciis mixedviT: TviTon

tyorcnis burTs karSi an awvdis mas #4 an #6 moTamaSes (sur. 66).

3. moTamaSe #7 awvdis burTs #4 moTamaSes, is ki #6-s. am momentSi

#3 moZraobs karis gaswvriv 9-metriani xazis siaxloves, iRebs burTs #6

moTamaSisgan da awvdis mas #7-s. rogorc ki #3 moTamaSe gadaawvdis

burTs #7-s, igi agrZelebs moZraobas marcxena flangze da uyenebs

bloks kuTxis damcvels. Aam dros #7 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #8-s, #4

moTamaSe ki gadaadgildeba mekaris moednis marcxena mxares da

blokirebas ukeTebs centraluri zonis mcvels. miiRebs ra burTs, #8

moTamaSe swrafi tarebiT midis win. #5 moTamaSe am dros gadis win da

marjvniv #3 moTamaSis ukan. #8 moTamaSe gadaadgilebis dros iRebs

gadawyvetilebas situaciis mixedviT: awvdis burTs #5, #4 an #7

moTamaSes (sur. 67).

4. #7 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #4 moTamaSes. am dros #3 moTamaSe

iwyebs gadaadgilebas marcxena flangze mekaris moednis xazis gaswvriv.

burTi TanmimdevrobiT gadaecema #6, #7 da #8 moTamaSes. #8 moTamaSe,

miiRebs ra burTs, swrafi tarebiT miiwevs karis mimarTulebiT, #7

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moTamaSe Caiwevs odnav marcxniv, #5 moTamaSe ki swrafad gadis marjvniv

mekaris moednis xazisken. #8 moTamaSe iRebs gadawyvetilebas situaciis

mixedviT: TviTon tyorcnis burTs karSi an awvdis mas #3 #5, an #7

moTamaSes (sur. 68).

5. #8 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #7-s, romelic, Tavis mxriv,

gadaawodebs mas #4 moTamaSes da misgan ukan iRebs burTs. #4 moTamaSe,

awvdis ra burTs #7-s, bloks uyenebs damcvels, romelic personalurad

meurveobs #6 Tavdamsxmels. Ees ukanaskneli, rogorc ki

ganTavisufldeba damcvelis meurveobisagan, swrafad miiwevs win da

marcxniv da iRebs burTs #7 moTamaSisagan. Aam dros #4 moTamaSe midis

win mekaris moednis xazisaken, #7 moTamaSe ki moZraobs marcxniv #6-is

paralelurad. #6 moTamaSe gadaadgilebis momentSi iRebs

gadawyvetilebas situaciis mixedviT: TviTon tyorcnis burTs an awvdis

mas #7, #4 an #8 moTamaSes (sur. 69).

6. #7 moTamaSe awvdis burTs #4-s, es ukanaskneli ki _ #5

moTamaSes. gadaawodebs ra burTs, #4 moTamaSe bliks uyenebs im

damcvels, romelic personalurad meurveobs #8 Tavdamsxmels. rogorc

ki ganTavisufldeba damcvelis meurveobisagan, #8 moTamaSe swrafad

gadaadgildeba win da iRebs burTs #5 moTamaSisagan. Aam momentSi #4

moTamaSe miiwevs mekaris moednisaken marcxena Suamarbis zonaSi. #5

moTamaSec gadaadgildeba marcxniv. miiRebs ra burTs, #8 moTamaSe iRebs

gadawyvetilebas situaciis mixedviT: TviTon tyorcnis burTs karSi an

awvdis mas #5 #4, an #7 moTamaSes(sur. 70).

7. moTamaSe #7 awvdis burTs #8-s, is ki swrafad -#6-s. am momentSi

moTamaSe #7 iwyebs gadaadgilebas marcxena flangze 6-metriani xazis

gaswvriv, raTa bloki dauyenos kuTxis damcvels. cota mogvianebiT

moTamaSe #3 gadis marcxena mxares da bloks uyenebs dacvis mesame

moTamaSes. moTamaSe #5 gadaadgildeba marjvena flangze da Sedis

kuTxis zonaSi. #6 miiRebs ra burTs, miiwevs win karisaken da iRebs

gadawyvetilebas situaciis Sesabamisad: TviTon tyorcnis burTs karSi an

awvdis mas #5, #4 an #8 moTamaSes, romelic moZraobs centrisaken (sur.

71).

8. moTamaSe #5 awvdis burTs #8-s. burTis miRebis Semdeg #8

moTamaSe iwyebs swraf gadaadgilebas win. Aam momentSi #4 moTamaSe

gadis marcxena flangze mekaris moednis xazis gaswvriv da uyenebs

bloks kuTxis damcvels. moTamaSe #5, rogorc ki ganTavisufldeba

damcvelis meurveobisagan, swrafad gadis mekaris moednis xazisaken, #7

ki moZraobs karis mimarTulebiT. moTamaSe #8 iRebs gadawyvetilebas

situaciis mixedviT: utevs kars da tyorcnis burTs karSi an awvdis mas

#5 an #6 moTamaSes(sur. 72).

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5.4. dacvaSi TamaSis taqtika

HGFDGDFHHHGHGGOGHHGGHGDGF

burTis dakargvisTanave Tavdamsxmeli gundi gadadis dacvaze.

damcveli gundis moTamaSeebs faqtiurad dasaxuli aqvT ori amocana: 1.

xeli SeuSalon Tavdamsxmelebs golis gatanaSi da 2. waarTvan

mowinaaRmdeges burTi. xelburTSi samnairi dacvaa: 1. personaluri; 2.

zonuri; 3. Sereuli.

ganvixiloT TiToeuli cal-calke.

personaluri dacvis dros Gyvela moTamaSe Tavdamsxmelebs iWers

saTiTaod, damcveli ganuwyvetliv uSlis xels Tavdamsxmelebs burTis

tarebaSi, gadacemaSi, miRebasa da karSi tyorcnaSi.

personaluri dacva SeiZleba gamoiyenonGTavdasxmis yvela

taqtikuri sistemis winaaRmdeg. aseTi dacva arRvevs yovelgvar

kombinacias. Ppersonaluri dacva ufro metad gamoyenebulia Tavisufali

gdebis zonis axlos (10-12 metri karidan) moednis sakuTar naxevarze da

mTel moedanze. Ppersonaluri dacvis dros yvela moTamaSes aqvs

moqmedebis Tavisi seqtori. rogorc aRvniSneT, personaluri dacva

xorcieldeba karidan 10-12 metris daSorebiT. Tu Tavdamsxmeli gavida

romelime damcvelis samoqmedo zonidan, es ukanaskneli “miacilebs” mas

Tavis partnioramde. rodesac damcveli darwmundeba, rom misma amxanagma

Tavdamsxmeli “aiyvana” meTvalyureobis qveS, is amoqmeddeba im

Tavdamsxmelis winaaRmdeg, romelic mis samoqmedo seqtorSia.

mxedvelobaSia misaRebi, rom damcvelTa samoqmedo seqtorebi dadgenili

ar aris, isini yovelTvis moZravia.

personaluri dacvis dros damcvels SeuZlia moednis yvela mxares

gahyves Tavdamsxmels ise, rom igi ar ”gadaabaros” Tavis partniors.

Tu gundis moTamaSeebs SeuZliaT personaluri dacvis kargad

organizeba, maSasadame, ZaluZT kargaT Seasrulon zonuri da Sereuli

dacva.

zonuri dacva Tavis principiT Zalze gansxvavdeba personaluri

dacvisgan.FTu personaluri dacvis dros mTel yuradRebas uTmoben

Tavdamsxmels da mis moqmedebas, zonuri dacvisas yuradReba

gamaxvilebulia burTze.

zonuri dacvisas damcvelebi yovelTvis pirisaxiT arian burTisken.

dacvis mizania uzrunvelyos karSi tyorcnis blokireba. amisaTvis

moTamaSeebis ganlageba, maTi urTierTqmedeba da amocanebi winaswaraa

gansazRvruli.

zonuri dacvis dros moTamaSeebi dgebian erT an or xazad. Aaqedan

gamomdinare, zonur dacvas uwodeben: a). zonur dacvas 6-0; b). zonur

dacvas 5-1; g) zonur dacvas 4-2.

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zonuri dacva 6-0 gamoyenebulia iseTi gundis winaaRmdeg, romlis

moTamaSeebi ar floben karSi Sori manZilidan Zlieri tyorcnis unars

da ar iyeneben maRal xtomas karSi tyorcnisaTvis.

pirveli varianti – “moTamaSe moTamaSis pirdapir”. zonuri dacvis

aseTi variantis SemTxvevaSi eqvsive moTamaSe ganlagebulia mekaris

moednis xazis gaswvriv (sur. 74). Yyoveli moTamaSis amocanaa xeli

SeuSalos mis win mdgom Tavdamsxmels karSi burTis tyorcnaSi.

moTamaSeebi SeZlebisdagvarad gadadian erTmaneTis dazRvevaze.

Tu am variantiT dacvis dros TavdamsxmelTa romelime moTamaSe

dgeba xazze, damcvelTa erT-erTi moTamaSe gadadis masTan da piradad

meurveobs mas. Aam ukanasknels “gadaabareben” partniors maSin, rodesac

danarCeni Tavdamsxmelebi axorcieleben gadajgufebas romelime flangze.

meore varianti – “ormagi bloki”. Aam variantSi moTamaSeebi ufro

axlos dganan erTmaneTTan, kuTxis damcvelebi ar Cadian Rrmad

kuTxisken. damcvelebi ise moZraoben TavianT partniorebTan erTad, rom

yoveli saSiSroebis dros (romelsac mowinaaRmdege qmnis) erTdroulad

orma damcvelma Seqmnas bloki.DTu Tavdasxmis romelime moTamaSe dadga

xazze, damcvelebi burTs gadascemen erTmaneTs “gakvriT” ise, rom aman

xeli ar SeuSalos maT gadaadgilebaSi ormagi blokis Sesaqmnelad. amiT

isini xazze mdgom Tavdamsxmels uqmnian iseT pirobebs, rom is didxans

ver Cerdeba xazze. aseTi saxis dacva xelsayrelia da dadebiT Sedegs

iZleva uZlieres gundebTan TamaSis drosac ki.

mesame varianti – “gamosvliT”.Ysawyisi ganlageba iseTivea, rogoric

meore variantSi.

damcvelis mTavari amocanaa win gasvla (rodesac Tavdamsxmeli

burTiT gadis karis aRebis saxifaTo Tavisufali tyorcnis zonaSi). Aam

dros danarCeni damcvelebi miiweven ganTavisuflebuli adgilisaken,

avseben mas da gadadian amxanagis dazRvevaze. rodesac Tavdamsxmeli

saSiSi aRar aris, (gadaawodebs burTs sxvas an burTis tarebiT daixevs

ukan), damcveli brundeba ukan, danarCenebi ki isev ikaveben TavianT

adgils. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac erTi Tavdamsxmeli gadaawodebs burTs,

Tavisufali tyorcnis zonaSi Sedis meore Tavdamsxmeli (romelmac miiRo

burTi). Mmis Sesaxvedrad meored gadis damcveli. Ddacvis danarCeni

moTamaSeebi avseben mis adgils da a.S. maSasadame, erTi damcvelis win

gasvla, dabruneba da danarCenebis gadaadgileba erTdroulad xdeba.

zonuri dacva 5-1. xuTi damcveli Tanabar manZilze ikavebs adgils

mekaris moednis xazis gaswvriv, meeqvse damcveli ki gadis win

Tavisufali tyorcnis xazze da mis centrSi ikavebs adgls. wina moTamaSe

moZravi, gamocdili da gamZle unda iyos, vinaidan asrulebs Zalze

rTul, did samuSaos. is utevs yvelaGTavdamsxmels, romelsac burTi

xelT Cauvardeba, xels uSlis kombinaciis Catarebas. centrSi meore

xazis moTamaSeebi (romlebic mekaris moednis xazTan dganan) Tvalyurs

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adevneben burTis moZraobas da moqmedeben ise, rogorc zemoT aRniSnuli

variantis SemTxvevaSi (“moTamaSe moTamaSis win” an “ormagi bloki”) (sur.

75).

zonuri dacva 4-2.FmoTamaSeebi or xazad ewyobian. oTxi damcveli

ikavebs adgils mekaris moednis xazis gaswvriv, ori ki gamodis win

Tavisufali tyorcnis xazTan. TiToeuli maTgani moqmedebs ise, rogorc

zonuri dacva 5-1-is SemTxvevaSi. Ees ori wina moTamaSe praqtikulad

Tavis funqciebs asrulebs mekaris moednis xazsa da Tavisufali

tyorcnis xazs Soris (erTi-ori metriT SeiZleba gamovidnen Tavisufali

tyorcnis zonidan). es dacva gamoiyeneba im gundis winaaRmdeg, romlis

moTamaSeebs SeuZliaT Sori manZilidan Zlierad tyorcna (sur. 76).

SereuliaiseTi dacva, romlis drosac moTamaSeTa erTi nawili

TamaSobs personaluri dacvis principiT, xolo meore _ zonuri dacvis

principiT.

Sereuli dacvis ZiriTadi amocanaa mowinaaRmdegis uZlieresi

Tavdamsxmelebis izolireba, maTi moqmedebis SezRudva.

im moTamaSeTa moqmedeba, romlebic TamaSoben personaluri dacvis

principiT, winaswar aris SemuSavebuli mwvrTnelis mier. mwvrTneli

aZlevs davalebas mcvels yovel TamaSSi. Zlieri Tavdamsxmelis

winaaRmdeg, bunebrivia, Zlierma mcvelma unda iTamaSos.

Sereuli dacvis yvelaze ufro gavrcelebuli variantebia 5-1 da

4-2.

Sereuli dacva 5-1. am variantiT 5 moTamaSe (damcveli) Tanabar

manZilze ikavebs adgils mekaris moednis xazis gaswvriv, meeqvse

damcveli ki gadis win da personalurad iyvans mowinaaRmdegis uZlieres

Tavdamsxmels. Ufro xSirad es Tavdamsxmeli gundis yvelaze Sedegiani

da Zlieri mtyorcnelia Sori manZilidan. mcveli am moTamaSes moednis

yovel nawilSi dahyveba. Tu Tavdamsxmeli moscilda mekaris moednis

xazs 10-12 metriT Tavisi karisaken, mizanSewonilia damcveli ar gahyves

mas da daexmaros zonaSi myof damcvelebs, magram, rogorc ki is

miuaxlovdeba mekaris moednis xazs 3-5 metris manZilze, damcveli maSinve

gadadis masze da kvlav personalurad “iWers”, danarCeni xuTi moTamaSe

ki TamaSobs zonuri dacvis 6-0 variantiT. Sereuli dacvis es varianti

gamoyenebulia maSin, rodesac mowinaaRmdegis gundSi Zalze Zlierad

TamaSobs erTi Tavdamsxmeli da erTi moTamaSea gundis koleqtiuri

moqmedebis iniciatori (sur. 77).

Sereuli dacva 4-2. moTamaSeTa ganlageba igivea, rac zonuri dacva

4-2-is dros, gansxvavebulia mxolod wina xazis ori moTamaSis TamaSi.

Sereuli dacvis es ori moTamaSe “mimagrebulia” mowinaaRmdegis or

uZlieres Tavdamsxmelze da personalurad meurveobs maT. damcvelTa

personaluri moqmedeba iseTivea, rogorc Sereuli dacvisas 5-1. danarCeni

oTxi damcveli TamaSobs zonuri dacvis principiT. es oTxeuli unda

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gamoirCeodes didi moZraobiT. sasurvelia maTi moZraobamaqsimalurad

miuaxlovdes zonuri dacvis 6-0 (“ormagi blokis”) variants. Sereuli

dacva 4-2 gamoyenebulia mowinaaRmdegis ori uZlieresi Tavdamsxmelis

gasaneitraleblad da taqtikuri variantebis CasaSlelad (sur. 78).

5.5. gundis xelmZRvaneloba Sejibrebis dros

sportul TamaSebSi, kerZod ki xelburTSi, warmatebis miRweva

bevrad aris damokidebuli gundis unarian xelmZRvanelobaze. xSiria

SemTxvevebi, roca unariani, azriani xelmZRvanelobis Sedegad erTi

SedarebiT ufro susti gundi amarcxebs ufro Zlier, gamocdil

mowinaaRmdeges. mwvrTnelis arasworma Carevam, moTamaSeTa arasworma

Secvlam an sxvadasxva gaumarTlebelma gadawyvetilebam ki piriqiT,

SeiZleba wagebamde miiyvanos gundi.

Sejibrebebis mimdinareobis procesSi arCeven gundis operatiul da

strategiul xelmZRvanelobas.

operatiuli xelmZRvaneloba gulisxmobs uaxloesi kalendaruli

TamaSisaTvis gundis momzadebas, xolo strategiuli _ xelmZRvanelobas

mTeli Sejibrebis periodSi.

operetiuli xelmZRvaneloba niSnavs gundis momzadebas

TamaSisaTvis, saerTo xelmZRvanelobas TamaSis mimdinareobis procesSi,

Sedegebis Sejamebas. momzadebis programa, Tavis mxriv, iTvaliswinebs

uSualo mowinaaRmdegis Seswavlas da Sexvedris Catarebis pirobebs,

TamaSis gegmis Sedgenas.

mowinaaRmdege gundis Sesaswavlad aucilebelia misi TamaSis naxva

(kargi iqneba, Tu amis saSualeba TviT gundis moTamaSeebsac miecemaT,

raTa daakvirdnen konkretul moTamaSes, romlis winaaRmdegac mouwevT

brZola), yvela saWiro informaciis Segroveba (Seswavlili unda iyos

mowinaaRmdege gundis teqnikuri oqmi, saWiroa gasaubreba imasTan, visac

unaxavs mowinaaRmdege gundis TamaSi, videoCanaweris naxva, wina wlebis

Sedegebis analizi da sxva).

mowinaaRmdegis Seswavlis Semdeg mwvrTneli azustebs gundis

ZiriTad Semadgenlobas da adgens savaraudo cvlilebebis gegmas, saxavs

gundis TamaSis taqtikur sqemas rogorc Tavdasxmis, ise dacvis dros.

gegmis Sedgenisas mwvrTnelma unda gaiTvaliswinos mowinaaRmdegis susti

da Zlieri mxareebi, daupirispiros mas Tavisi gundis realuri

SesaZleblobebi, daazustos, ra gzebiT da saSualebebiT SeiZleba

dasaxuli gegmis realizeba. mwvrTnelma mis mier SemuSavebuli saTamaSo

gegma unda gaacnos gundis wevrebs TamaSis win Catarebul krebaze.

TamaSiswina krebaze mwvrTneli valdebulia Seaxsenos gundis

wevrebs saturniro mdgomareoba da Sexvedris mniSvneloba. aqve igi

axasiaTebs mowinaaRmdege gunds da mis calkeul wevrebs, aRniSnavs maT

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Zlier da sust mxareebs. mwvrTneli krebaze acxadebs sastarto

Semadgenlobas da Secvlis savaraudo variantebs, gundis wevrebs uxsnis

saTamaSo sistemebs dacvasa da TavdasxmaSi, calkeul saTamaSo

situaciebs (ricxobriv upiratesobasa da umciresobaSi yofna, swrafi

garRveva, poziciuri Seteva, piradi da zonuri dacva) da bolos,

mwvrTneli miuTiTebs organizaciul sakiTxebze (saTamaSo formaze,

disciplinaze, rogori TanmimdevrobiT da ra adgilidan unda gavidnen

moTamaSeebi saTamaSo moedanze da a.S.).

aucilebelia gundis mTliani Semadgenloba gamocxaddes TamaSis

adgilas TamaSamde araugvianes erTi saaTiT adre. erTi romelime

moTamaSis dagvianeba iwvevs gundis sxva wevrebis nerviulobas. ar aris

rekomendebuli, rom moTamaSeebi ramdenime saaTiT adre mividnen

Sejibrebis adgilas da uyuron sxva kalendarul TamaSs. es iwvevs

arasasurvel aRgznebas, romelmac SeiZleba Semdgom uaryofiTi gavlena

moaxdinos TamaSis xarisxze. moTamaSeebma sportuli forma unda Caicvan

auCqareblad, dinjad, guldasmiT gasinjon da moirgon sportuli

kostumi da fexsacmeli. TamaSis dawyebamde 20-25 wuTiT adre gundi mzad

unda iyos da organizebulad Seudges moTelvas.

sworad warmarTul moTelvas didi mniSvneloba eniWeba. igi rom

produqtiuli iyos, mwvrTnelebi valdebuli arian gaacnon moTamaSeebs

programa, romelic SemuSavebulia saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebze.

mwvrTneli valdebulia TamaSis dawyebis win erTxel kidev mokled

auxsnas moTamaSeebs TamaSSi dasaxuli ZiriTadi amocana da misi

warmarTvis gegma.

orTabrZolis mTeli saTamaSo dro pirobiTad SeiZleba davyoT sam

fazad: dawyeba, mimdinareoba da damTavreba. es sami faza orive taims

axasiaTebs. faza ganapirobebs gundis TamaSis warmarTvis xasiaTsa da

xelmZRvanelobas.

TamaSis dawyebis xasiaTi damokidebulia moaspareze gundebis

ZalTa Tanafardobaze da imaze, Tu ramdenad icnoben isini erTmaneTs. Tu

mowinaaRmdege gundi ucnobia, saWiroa Sexvedris pirveli wuTebi mis

Seswavlas daeTmos. am mizniT TamaSi unda daiwyos neli tempiT. ZiriTadi

aqcenti gadatanil unda iqnas dacvaze, Tavdasxmisas ki yoveli tyorcna

karSi zusti unda iyos.

Tu gundi nacnobia, TamaSis dawyeba Tavidanve saWiroa swrafi

tempiT, raTa dasawyisSive xelT igdon iniciativa. am miznis misaRwevad

gundebi xSir SemTxvevaSi Zalze azartulni xdebian, maqsimalur

siswrafes aviTareben, rasac qaosur TamaSamde mivyavarT, xSirdeba

uzusto gadacemebi da karSi tyorcna. am SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia

TamaSis tempis Secvla, raTa moTamaSeTa urTierTqmedeba normalur

pirobebSi warimarTos. TanabarZaliani gundebis Sexvedra xSirad

aragegmazomierad mimdinareobs, rac gamowveulia TamaSis mimdinareobis

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procesSi situaciis cvalebadobiT (TamaSis warmarTvis gegmis efeqturi

SecvliT, moTamaSeTa gamarTlebuli SecvliT, daRliT da a.S.).

Tu Sexvedris mimdinareobis procesSi miaRweven garkveul

upiratesobas da Seiqmneba imis SesaZlebloba, rom met Sedegs miaRwion,

gundma yvela Rone unda ixmaros angariSis gazrdisaTvis, raTa

uzrunvelyos gatanili da miRebuli burTebis sxvaoba. xolo Tu

upiratesoba aqva mowinaaRmdege gunds, saWiroa TamaSis

gegmisradikalurad Secvla da yvela dasaSvebi saSualebis gamoyeneba

mowinaaRmdegis SeteviTi potencialis maqsimalurad daqveiTebisaTvis.

TamaSis pirveli naxevris dasasruls ganixilaven rogorc

saSualedo finiSs. gundi, romelic Sesvenebaze midis qulaTa soliduri

maragiT, igebs ara marto angariSSi, aramed moraluradac.

xelburTSi TanabarZaliani gundebis Sexvedris dros

SesvenebisaTvis gankuTvnil aTwuTian monakveTs zogjer gadamwyveti

mniSvneloba aqvs maTi warmatebisTvis. didia mwvrTnelis roli

Sesvenebis racionalurad gamoyenebaSi. man kategoriulad unda

aukrZalos moTamaSeebs yovelgvari laparaki TamaSis Sesaxeb (miT umetes

dauSvebelia kamaTi da SeniSvnebi). sasurvelia Sesvenebisas gundi

gaiyvanon saTamaSo moednidan. Sesvenebis pirveli xuTi wuTi gundma unda

dauTmos kunTebis maqsimalur modunebas, damSvidebas (SeiZleba pirSi

wylis gamovleba, piris dabana da gamSraleba, maisuris gamocvla). bolo

xuT wuTSi mwvrTnelma mSvidad, xmis auwevlad unda gaaanalizos

Sexvedris pirveli naxevari da gunds misces konkretuli miTiTebani

meore naxevrisaTvis. Tu gundi Sesvenebaze wavida qulebis sakmao

maragiT, mwvrTnelma moTamaSeebs unda Caagonos, rom ar SeiZleba TamaSis

tempis Seneleba, moduneba, rom saWiroa ganagrZon TamaSi ise, rogorc

pirvel naxevarSi da Seqmnan gatanili da miRebuli burTebis sagrZnobi

sxvaoba, romelic Semdeg SeiZleba gadamwyveti gaxdes adgilebis

ganawilebaSi.

TamaSis pirvel naxevarSi gundis wageba ar unda iqnas aRqmuli

tragediad. aseT situaciaSi gansakuTrebiT didia mwvrTnelis roli.

gunds Tanadgoma sWirdeba. mwvrTnelma auRelveblad, dinjad unda

gaaanalizos Sexvedris pirveli naxevari da misces moTamaSeebs

konkretuli davaleba meore taimisaTvis.

mwvrTnelma ise unda gaanawilos Sesvenebis dro, rom sastarto

Svideuli 30-40 wamiT adre ukve mzad iyos moedanze gasasvlelad. aseve

winaswar unda ganisazRvros, rogori SemadgenlobiT daamTavrebs gundi

Sexvedras.

gundis operatiuli xelmZRvanelobisaTvis mwvrTnelma unarianad,

droulad unda ganaxorcielos moTamaSeTa Secvla. rogorc viciT,

xelburTSi TamaSis mimdinareobis procesSi moTamaSeTa Secvla

daSvebulia ganusazRvreli raodenobiT. amitom mwvrTnelma

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gamosacvlelsac da moedanze gamsvlelsac konkretuli davaleba unda

misces uSualod Sexvedris mimdinareobis dros.

xelburTSi moTamaSeTa Secvla sxvadasxva mizeziT xdeba (arian

xelburTelebi, romlebic dacvaSi ukeT TamaSoben, amitom isini

TavdasxmaSi sxvas uTmoben dgils). Sexvedris bolo wuTebze, rodesac

gundi didi upiratesobiT igebs, mwvrTnels saSualeba eZleva ZiriTadi

Svideulis moTamaSeebi daasvenos da maT nacvlad saTadarigoni

gamoiyvanos. xSirad gundis moTamaSeTa Secvla nakarnaxevia

mowinaaRmdege gundis moqmedebiT. Tu maT sastarto SvideulTan wamyvani

xelburTelebi gamohyavT dasvenebis mizniT, aseve SeiZleba moiqces

mowinaaRmdege mxarec, daasvenos wamyvani moTamaSeebi.

gamoricxuli ar aris, rom moTamaSeTa Secvlis dros mwvrTnelma

dauSvas Secdoma. aris SemTxveva, roca mekare gauSvebs iol burTs, an

damcveli dauSvebs martiv situaciaSi uxeS Secdomas, rac gunds miRebul

golad ujdeba, an Tavdamsxmeli ver gamoiyenebs karis aRebis realur

SesaZleblobas. aseT SemTxvevaSi zogierTi mwvrTneli saswrafod iRebs

naCqarev gadawyvetilebas, cvlis am moTamaSeebs, sayveduriT avsebs maT.

es yovlad dauSvebelia. mwvrTnelis aseTi moqmedeba uaryofiT gavlenas

axdens rogorc gamocdil moTamaSeze, ise mTlianad gundze. gamocdili

moTamaSis nacvlad gasul xelburTelsac SiSis grZnoba eufleba.

mwvrTnelis sul mcire Secdomac ki aqveiTebs moTamaSis aqtiurobas da

sakuTari SesaZleblobebis rwmenas ukargavs.

moTamaSis gamocvla ganxilul unda iqnas ara rogorc dasja da

undobloba, aramed misi damsaxurebuli ufleba daisvenos, an ubralod,

misi amxanagis TamaSSi CarTvis meti mizanSewoniloba.

moTamaSeTa qceva uSualod TamaSis mimdinareobis procesSi,

moedanze organizebuli gasvla da aseve organizebuli gamosvla

moednidan mwvrTnelis aRmzrdelobiTi muSaobis erT-erTi ZiriTadi

maCvenebelia.

Tu gundma romelime konkretul SemTxvevaSi miaRwia gamarjvebas,

mwvrTneli valdebulia miulocos es warmateba mis TiToeul wevrs da

usurvos Semdgomi warmatebebi. wagebis SemTxvevaSi mwvrTneli movalea

gaamxnevos moTamaSeebi, mouwodos maT, rom gaiTvaliswinon damarcxebis

mizezebi da ufro mondomebulad Caataron Semdegi TamaSi.

sportul TamaSebSi, kerZod ki xelburTSi, didi mniSvneloba aqvs

gundis mier Catarebuli TamaSis garCevas (sasurvelia, meore dRes). misi

CatarebisaTvis mwvrTneli sagangebod unda moemzados (gaaanalizos

Tavisi Canawerebi, TamaSis teqnikuri oqmi, videoCanaweri da Seadaros is

TamaSis win dasaxul gegmas).

Cveulebriv, TamaSis garCeva Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT xdeba: a).

mTlianad gundis da calkeuli moTamaSeebis damokidebuleba

Sexvedrisadmi (qceva, disciplina, pasuxismgebloba, mizandasaxuloba); b).

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mTavari taqtikuri amocanis Sesrulebis xarisxi, dacvasa da TavdasxmaSi

gundis moqmedebis gaanalizeba; g). individualuri davalebebis

Sesrulebis gaanalizeba; d). calkeuli moTamaSeebisa da mTlianad

gundis teqnikuri maCveneblebis gamocxadeba da maTi Sedareba gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebul davalebebTan.

TamaSis garCeva mTavrdeba saerTo daskvniT da Semdgomi amocanebis

gansazRvriT. aucilebelia TamaSis garCevas daeswros gundis rogorc

ZiriTadi , ise saTadarigo Semadgenloba.

rogorc aRvniSneT, gundis operatiuli da strategiuli

xelmZRvanelobisaTvis rekomendebulia Canawerebi, romlebSic aisaxeba

calkeuli moTamaSeebis moqmedeba. uSualod Sejibrebis procesSi

moTamaSeTa saTamaSo moqmedebis sistematuri Cawera mwvrTnels

saSualebas aZlevs sruli warmodgena Seiqmnas calkeuli moTamaSeebis

teqnikur-taqtikur SesaZleblobebze da sawvrTno mecadineobebisas meti

dro dauTmos CanawerebiT gamovlenili teqnikuri da taqtikuri

Secdomebis gamosworebas. arsebobs TamaSebis Caweris sxvadasxva forma:

aRweriTi, sqematuri da pirobiTi (Tu gunds aqvs saSualeba, ufro

efeqturia videoCanaweri).

TamaSis msvlelobis dros rekomendebulia daafiqsiron Semdegi

maCveneblebi: burTis Sedegiani da uSedego tyorcna, gadacemis sizuste,

burTis dakargva, burTis CaWra, sagole gadacema, swrafi garRveva,

mekaris TamaSi. Tu TamaSis Caweras meore mwvrTnelic axorcielebs,

SeiZleba sxva maCveneblebis Cawerac (tyorcnis adgili da manZili,

poziciuri Tavdasxmisa da swrafi garRvevis efeqturoba). miRebuli

informaciis safuZvelze mwvrTneli SeimuSavebs saswavlo-sawvrTno sa

saSejibro muSaobis reJims.

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138

Tavi VI

fizikuri momzadeba

6.1. zogadi debuleba

fizikuri momzadeba sportuli wvrTnis ganuyofeli nawilia, romlis

uSualo mizania xelburTelTa janmrTelobis ganmtkiceba, organizmis

swori zrda-ganviTarebis uzrunvelyofa da sportsmenTa yovelmxrivi

fizikuri ganviTarebis maRali donis miRweva.

xelburTis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove done, sawvrTno datvirTvis

maRali intensivoba da moculoba did moTxovnebs uyenebs fizikur

momzadebas.

fizikuri momzadeba icvleba movarjiSeTa asakis, maTi

momzadebulobis donis, wvrTnis etapebisa da amocanebis Sesabamisad. igi

aucilebelia rogorc damwyebi, ise maRali rangis xelburTelebisaTvis.

fizikur momzadebaSi arCeven saerTo (saerTo fizikuri momzadeba) da specialur (specialui fizikuri momzadebis) mimarTulebebs.

xelburTis saerTo fizikuri momzadeba mimarTulia fizikuri

fizikuri SesaZleblobebis mravalmxrivi ganviTarebisken, rac

yovelmxriv xels uwyobs da ganapirobebs warmatebas sportul

saqmianobaSi.

saerTo fizikur momzadebas gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs

xelburTelebis sportuli srulyofis pirveldawyebiT etapze. man unda

aamaRlos xelburTelis organizmis funqciuri SesaZleblobebis saerTo

done, Seuwyos gamZleobis, Zalismieri, swraflZalismieri, siCqariseuli

da koordinaciuli unarianobis ganviTarebas. amisaTvis gamoyenebulia

saerTo ganmaviTarebel varjiSTa mravali konmpleqsi da varjiSebi

sportis sxva saxeobebidan (Zalosnoba, mZleosnoba, tanvarjiSi,

sportuli TamaSebi, curva da sxva). xelburTelis saerTo fizikuri

momzadeba specialuri programiT xorcieldeba. unda aRvniSnoT, rom

saerTo fizikuri momzadebis varjiSebis SerCeva, maTi dozireba da sxva,

yovelTvis erTnairi ar aris. varjiSebi ise unda SearCion, rom maTi

gavlena organizmze uzrunvelyofdes mis momzadebas xelburTSi

sportuli srulyofisaTvis. saerTo fizikuri momzadebis varjiSTa

SerCeva emsaxureba fizikuri Tvisebebis ganviTarebas.

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6.2. Zalis ganviTareba

sportuli wvrTnis Tanamedrove Teoria Zalas miiCnevs sportsmenis

erT-erT yvelaze aucilebel Tvisebad.

Zalis ganviTarebis saSualebebia gaZlierebuli winaaRmdegobis

Zalismieri varjiSebi. winaaRmdegobis bunebidan gamomdinare, Zalismieri

varjiSebi SeiZleba davyoT or jgufad (l.p.matveevi): 1. varjiSebi,

romlebiTac xorcieldeba gareTa winaaRmdegobis daZleva (gareTa

winaaRmdegobad, Cveulebriv iyeneben iaraRis wonas, Tanagundelis

winaaRmdegobas, drekadi sxeulebis winaaRmdegobas, gareSe pirebis

winaaRmdegobas _ siarulsa da sirbils silaSi, TovlSi); 2. varjiSebi,

romelTa dros xdeba sakuTari wonis daZleva (gamoyenebulia iseTi

varjiSebic, romlebSic sakuTari sxeulis woniT damZimebas emateba

gareSe sagnebis wona).

varjiSebi Zalis ganviTarebisaTvis

a). saerTo ganmaviTarebeli varjiSebi:

1. sxvadasxvagvari Cajdomi;

2. varjiSebi muclis kunTebisTvis, mwoliare mdgomareobidan

gamarTuli fexebis aweva maRla, Tavis ukan da Zirs daSveba.

“velosipedi”, fexebis aweva 450-iT, fexebis gaSla da SeerTeba;

3. dgomidan daxtoma xelebze;

4. Tavyira, xelyira;

b). varjiSebi tanvarjiSul iaraRebze:

1. bagirze asvla xelebisa da fexebis daxmarebiT;

2. bagirze asvla fexebis dauxmareblad;

3. bagirze asvla kuTxiT;

4. RerZze mizidva;

5. varjiSi orZelze (mklavebze daSveba da gamarTva);

6. tanvarjiSul kedelze kidi, muxlebis atana mkerdis simaRleze;

7. tanvarjiSul kedelze kididan gamarTuli fexebis atana 900-iT

(Tavamde).

g) varjiSebi StangiT:

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1. Stangis akvra (20-50 kg);

2. Stangis aweva mkerdis simaRleze da Zirs daSveba;

3. Stangis gadagdeba Tavs ukan;

4. Cajdomi StangiT (Stangis wona 30-50 kg);

5. woliTi mdgomareobidan Stangis aWimva da akvra;

6. tanis triali marjvniv da marcxniv (Stanga mxrebzea dadebuli);

7. StangiT mxrebze winzneqi;

8. ori tanvarjiSuli skami dgas paralelurad mxrebis siganeze, maT

Soris raime mZime sagania (magaliTad, giri). movarjiSe akeTebs Cajdoms,

xeliT wvdeba mZime sagans da masTan erTad ramodenimejer asrulebs

swraf axtoms zemarTiT.

d) datenili burTiT varjiSi.

1. burTis Tavs zemoT agdeba; varjiSs asruleben xelebisa da xelis

mtevnebis aqtiuri moqmedebiT, sxeulis dauxmareblad;

2. burTis gdeba Tavs ukan (mtevnebi Sebrunebulia SigniT);

3. ganmklavSi erTi xelidan burTis meore xelSi gadagdeba;

4. gamarTuli xelebiT burTis Tavs uknidan gdeba mtevnebis aqtiuri

moqmedebiT;

5. igive varjiSi Tavs ukan xelebis Zlieri moxriT;

6. zetanis wriuli moZraoba;

7. qveomdan moxril mdgomareobaSi, sxeulis gaumarTavad burTis

gadagdeba TanamoTamaSisken;

8. burTis zamoT gdeba ori xeliT;

9. fexebs Sua burTis ukan gdeba;

10. burTis gdeba cali xeliT zemoT, pirdapir da gverdiT;

11. burTis ori xeliT gadacema Tavs zemoT (erTi metris simaRlemde)

an TanamoTamaSisaTvis gadacema;

specialuri Zalis ganviTareba

1. Sejibreba burTis tyorcnaSi (siSoreze) ;

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2. Zlieri tyorcna karSi erT-erTi mowinaaRmdegis xelis SeSliT,

romelic moqmedebs wesebis dacviT ;

3. Zlieri tyorcna karSi (seriebad 8-10 tyorcna);

4. burTis tyorcna mjdomare mdgomareobidan (siSoreze);

5. tyorcnis moZraobis Sesruleba, espanderis da rezinis

winaaRmdegobis gadalaxva.

TamaSebi da saTamaSo varjiSebi Zalis ganviTarebisTvis

saTamaSo varjiSebi Zalis ganviTarebisTvis

1. moTamaSeebi iyofian wyvilebad. pirveli nomrebi gadaaxtebian

meore nomrebs da sami-oTxi nabijis Semdeg ikaveben adgils

(welSi moxrilebi).Semdeg meore nomrebi axtebian maT da a.S.

varjiSs asruleben 2-3 wuTi.

2. wyvilebi dgebian 2-3 metris diametris wreebSi. maswavleblis

niSanze moTamaSeebi cdiloben mxris gakvriT gaaZeon wridan

Tavisi partniori. varjiSs asruleben 2-4 wuTi.

3. moedanze gaavleben or xazs erTmaneTidan 8 metris daSorebiT.

moTamaSeebi iyofian wyvilebad, erTmaneTs xelebs Caavleben da

cdiloben gaiyvanon xazidan partniori. varjiSs asruleben 2-4

wuTi.

4. wyvilebad ganlagebuli moTamaSeebi xelis kvriT cdiloben

wonasworobidan gamoiyvanon erTmaneTi. es varjiSi SeiZleba

Seasrulon Rrma CajdomiTac. varjiSs asruleben 1-2 wuTi.

5. moedanze Wadrakiseburad xazaven 30 sm diametris 10 wres,

romlebic 80-90 sm-iT aris daSorebuli erTmaneTisgan. moTamaSe

xan marjvena, xan marcxena fexze xtomiT SeuCereblad unda

gaiaros yvela wre ise, rom xazebs ar daadgas fexi. ramden

wresac gaivlis Seucdomlad, imdeni qula daericxeba. varjiSs

asruleben 4-6 wuTi.

6. moTamaSeebi ewyobian sam-oTx wred. TiToeuli wris SuaSi dgas

TamaSis wamyvani. igi rigrigobiT ugdebs burTs yvela moTamaSes,

xolo isini, Tavis mxriv, ukanve gadmougdeben burTs wamyvans.

miiRebs Tu ara burTs ukanaskneli moTamaSisagan, wamyvani mas

maRla aswevs. imarjvebs is gundi, romelsac naklebjer

dauvardeba burTi iatakze da adre daamTavrebs burTis gdebas.

7. xazaven didi zomis or xazs. Siga wreSi dgebian erTi gundis

moTamaSeebi, xolo gareTa wreSi meorisa. maswavleblis niSanze

moTamaSeebi cdiloben CaiTrion TavianT wreSi mowinaaRmdege.

imarjvebs is gundi, romelic mowinaaRmdegis met moTamaSes

CaiTrevs wreSi. ar SeiZleba wyvilis mier erTi moTamaSis

CaTreva.

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8. moTamaSes fexis terfebiT uWiravs tenili burTi (woniT 1-2 kg),

xteba maRla da cdilobs rac SeiZleba Sors gadaagdos igi.

Sejibreba mimdinareobs burTis Sors gadagdebaze.

moZravi TamaSebi Zalis ganviTarebisTvis

a. “mxtunavi beRurebi”. xazaven 15-20 metris diametris wres. es wre

“gubea”, sadac wylis dasalevad modian beRurebi, e.i.

moTamaSeebi. wamyvania “yvavi”, romelic wris centrSi imyofeba.

beRurebi wylis dasalevad modian wreSi Sextebian da Semdeg

gamoxtebian. “yvavi” cdilobs Cakortnos buRurebi (xeliT Seexos

maT), romlebic gubeSi daxtunaven. gubeSi xtunva mxolod cal

fexze SeiZleba. “Cakortnili beRura” gadaiqceva “yvavad” da

TamaSi grZeldeba.

b. “borcvebze xtoma”. erTmaneTis miyolebiT 3-4 kolonad miwaze 40-

50 sm daSorebiT moniSnulia patara wreebi _ “borcvebi”.

TiToeul kolonaSi 8-10 wrea. moTamaSeebi iyofian 3-4 jgufad da

dgebian kolonebad. kolonaSi win mdgomebi xtebian “borcvidan”

“borcvze” da cdiloben fexi ar Cakan “WaobSi”, e.i. borcvebs

Soris. mogebulia is moTamaSe, romelic zustad gadaxteba da ar

acdeba arcerT wrs. TamaSi mTavrdaba, roca yvela moTamaSe

miiRebs masSi monawileobas.

g.“mgeli ormoSi. moednis siganeze avleben or xazs

erTmaneTisgan 40-70 sm-is daSorebiT. es “ormoa”, romelSic

imyofeba2-3 “mgeli”. danarCeni moTamaSeebi “Txebi” arian.

maswavleblis niSanze “Txebi” gadaaxtebian “ormos”, “mglebi” ki

cdiloben romelime maTganis daWeras. “ormoze”gadaxtomisas

daWrili “Txa” da is “Txac”, romelic “ormoze” gadaxtomas ver

moaswrebs, TamaSidan gadian. TamaSi mTavrdeba maSin, rodesac

dauWereli “Txebis”raodenoba gauTanabrdeba mglebis

raodenobas.

d.“vin ufro Sors isvris.” moTamaSeebi moedanze ewyobian 2-3

kolonad erTmaneTisagan 6-8 metris daSorebiT. erTimeoris

miyolebiT gaivleba ramodenime xazi. kolonis win mdgomT xelSi

uWiravT naxerxiT an siliT datenili parkebi (200-250-gramiani).

maswavleblis niSanze moTamaSeebi win da Sors isvrian parkebs,

aRniSnaven vin ufro Sors gadaisrola. parkis gadamgdebi garbis

mis asaRebad, iRebs, brundeba ukan, gadascems kolonis meore

moTamaSes da TviTon dgeba kolonis boloSi. igebs is kolona,

romelsac meti raodenobiT aRmoaCndeba Sor manZilze

gadagdebuli parkebi.

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e.“ZiZgi-ZiZgi mamalo”.moTamaSeebi iyofian or gundad. wyvilebi

dgebian 4 metris diametris wreebSi pirisaxiT erTmaneTisken 1.5

m manZilze.maswavleblis niSanze welSi odnav moxrili wyvilebi

cal fexze xtomiTa da mxris biZgiT cdiloben wonasworobidan

gamoiyvanon erTmaneTi. wagebulia is moTamaSe, romelic meore

fexs Zirs daadgams an wridan gava. igebs gundi, romelsac meti

gamarjveba eqneba.

v.“bagiris gadaweva”. bagiris Suaze akeTeben niSans (ferad naWers

Semoaxveven). am niSnidan marjvniv da marcxniv erTi metris

manZilze or noSans akeTeben da iatakze gaavleben ganiv xazs.

ori gundis moTamaSeebi, romlebic dganan xazis mopirdapire

mxareebze, xels kideben bagirs ganapira niSnebamde. Sua niSani

zustad unda modiodes gavlebul xazze. maswavleblis niSanze

gundebi erTdroulad daiwyeben bagiris gadawevas Tavis mzareze.

imarjvebs is gundi, romelic mowinaaRmdege gunds xazidan Tavis

mxareze gadaiyvans.

z. ankesi.” moTamaSeebi dgebian wred pirisaxiT centrisaken da

iyofian or gundad (pirveli da meore nomrebi). TamaSis wamyvani

erTia, is atrialebs Toks 15-20 sm-is simaRleze. Tokis boloze

gamobmulia patara siliani parki (“ankesi”). datrialebuli Toki

gaivlis bavSvebis fexebTan. bavSvebi yuradRebiT adevneben

Tvalyurs Tokis trials da xtebian ise, rom parkma Seuxeblad

gauaros fexqveS. wagebulia da TamaSidan gadis is, visac “ankesi”

gamoedeba. Tokis yovel datrialebaze iTvlian, Tu romeli

gundis moTamaSes Seexo datrialebuli Tokis boloSi

gamobmuli parki. 5-6 wuTis Semdeg TamaSi mTavrdeba.

T. “cixe-simagris dacva”. moTamaSeebi ewyobian wred, wris SuaSi “cixe-simagrea” (tanvarjiSuli joxebisagan Sedgenili

samfexebis piramida, romelic zemoT TokiT aris Sekruli).

wris SigniT imyofeba “mecixovne”. wris gareT myofi

moTamaSeebi “cixe-simagres” marjved esvrian xelburTis

burTs da cdiloben daazianon igi. “mecixovne” cdilobs

moigerios natyorcni burTi. moTamaSe, romelic SeZlebs

“cixe-simagris” dangrevas, misi damcveli xdeba.

i.“ixvTa brZola.” ori moTamaSe Sedis 3 m diametris wreSi da

muxlebze xelebis SemoxveviT Cajdeba, xtomiT erTmaneTs

uaxlovdeba da mxrebis biZgiT cdilobs mowinaaRmdegis

wonasworobidan gamovanas.

k.“burTis gadacem-gadmocema.” moTamaSeebi iyofian 3-4 gundad.

TiToeuli gundi ewyoba wred da misi wevrebi erTmaneTs awvdian

burTs. imarjvebs is gundi, romelsac 4-5 wuTian monakveTSi

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burTis gadacem-gadmocemis dros naklebjer dauvarda is

iatakze.

6.6. siswrafis ganviTareba

sportsmenis unars, Seasrulos moZraoba drois minimalurad

mokle monakveTSi, siswrafe ewodeba. es Tviseba gansakuTrebiT

aucilebelia xelburTelebisTvis. burTis tarebis, gadacemisa da karSi

tyorcnisTvis, mowinaaRmdegis blokirebis, sakuTari karis dacvis

uzrunvelyofisTvis aucilebeli pirobaa siswrafe, romelic, Tavis

mxriv, damokidebulia kunTebis Zalaze. swored amitom aris, rom

siswrafes da Zalas paralelurad aviTareben. arsebobs siswrafis

gamovlenis e.w. elementaruli da kompleqsuri formebi. elementarul

formebs miekuTvneba: reaqciis dro, erTeuli moZraobis dro da

moZraobis sixSire (tempi). siswrafis gam,ovlenis kmpleqsuri formebi

warmodgenilia yvela im moZraobaSi, romelic xelburTis moTamaSes

axasiaTebs.

sportsmenis moZraobis siswrafe pirvel rigSi ganisazRvreba

Tavis tvinis qerqis saTanado nervuli moqmedebiT, romelic iwvevs

kunTebis daZabvas da modunebas, warmarTavs da koordinacias uwevs

moZraobas. igi mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli xelburTelis

teqnikuri momzadebis srulyofaze, kunTebis Zalasa da elastikurobaze,

saxsrebis moZraobisunarianobasa da xangrZlivi muSaobis dros

sportsmenis gamZleobaze.

siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis yvelaze ufro sasargebloa

varjiSebi mZleosnobidan (gansakuTrebiT mokle manZilze sirbili),

fexburTis da kalaTburTis TamaSidan (mini-fexburTi da mini-

kalaTburTi), agreTve moZravi TamaSebi sirbilis elementebiT. yvela

varjiSis Sesruleba mizanSewonilia maqsimalurad maRali tempiT.

TiToeuli seriis xangrZlivoba unda iyos 10-20 wami, xolo seriaTa

raodenoba-Sesrulebis siswrafis daqveiTebamde. Sesveneba1-dan 1.5

wuTamdea.

varjiSebi siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis

a). varjiSebi siarulSi:

1. siaruli didi nabijebiT, xelebi energiulad moZraobs;

2. siaruli fexis cerebze;

3. siaruli quslebze;

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4. sportuli siaruli ;

5. siaruli Rrma vardniT win, tanis win gadaxriT.

b). varjiSebi sirbilSi:

1. Cveulebrivi sirbili;

2. sirbilimidgmiTi nabijebiT;

3. sirbili muxlis maRla aweviT;

4. sirbili zambarisebri nabijebiT ;

5. sirbili fexebis ukan gaqneviT;

6. naxtomebi orive fexze ;

7. sirbili jvaredini nabijebiT;

8. sirbili zurgiT win.

specialuri siswrafis ganviTareba

1. sastarto aCqareba sxvadasxva sawyisi mdgomareobidan (gverdiT,

dgomiT, zurgiT win, erT an orive muxlze dayrdnobiT, jdomiT, woliT

da sxva.);

2. sirbili 25-30 metrze da xtoma;

3. sirbili swrafi SeCerebiT da maswavleblis niSanze moZraobis

mimarTulebis SecvliT win, ukan da gverdze;

4. moednis xazze devs sami burTi. erTi bolodan morbis moTamaSe,

iRebs burTs, tarebiT mirbis meore karisken da 7-8 metris siSoridan

karSi tyorcnis, brundeba ukan,iRebs burTs da igives asrulebs meore

mxares, Semdeg ki mesames. igives asruleben danarCenebi;

5. wyvilebSi burTis gadacema da karSi tyorcna didi siswrafiT;

6. Zlieri tyorcna kedelze da daWera;

7. burTis swrafi gadacemebi erTi da igive moTamaSisTvis;

8. ori moTamaSe rigrigobiT awvdis burTs erT moTamaSes jer neli

tempiT, Semdeg ki temps TandaTan moumatebs.

TamaSebi da saTamaSo varjiSebi siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis

gansakuTrebiT didi adgili eTmoba saTamaSo varjiSebs da TamaSebs

xelburTelTa momzadebis pirvel etapze. TamaSi did gavlenas axdens

mozardis organizmis ganviTarebaze, bavSvis pirovnebisa da xasiaTis

Camoyalidebaze, mozardebs uviTarebs mizanswrafvas, nebisyofas,

koleqtivizmis, megobrobis grZnobas da sxva.

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saTamaSo varjiSebi siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis

1. 10-12 metris sigrZis Tokis boloebSi damagrebulia 40 sm sigrZis

joxebi. Tokis Sua nawilSi Cabmulia feradi lenti. maswavleblis

niSanze wyvili moTamaSeebisa iRebs joxebs da cdilobs swrafad

daaxvios masze Toki. imarjvebs is, vinc ufro adre daaxvevs Toks

lentamde.

2. movarjiSeebi iyofian wyvilebad da dgebian moednis sxvadasxva

adgilas erTmaneTTan pirisaxiT or-ori metris manZilze. maT Soris

devs CogburTis burTi. maswavleblis niSanze yoveli wyvilis

moTamaSe cdilobs daswvdes burTs da gaiqces moednis nebismier

mxares. partniori cdilobs mis “CaWras”. Tu moaxerxa, miiRebs erT

qulas, Tu ver moaxerxa _ qulas miiRebs mowinaaRmdege. varjiSs

atareben manam, sanam erT-erTi maTgani 10 qulas ar daagrovebs.

3. moTamaSeebi dganan erTmaneTisken pirisaxiT oTxi nabijis daSorebiT,

saCvenebeli TiTebiT amagreben iatakze vertikalurad dadebul

tanvarjiSul joxs, maswavleblis niSanze icvlian adgilebs da

cdiloben daiWiron partnioris joxi manam, sanam is waiqceva. is, vinc

amas moaxerxebs, miiRebs erT qulas. varjiSs asruleben 6-8 wuTi.

gamarjvebulia is, vinc met qulas daagrovebs.

4. sxvadasxva sastarto mdgomareobidan (maRali, dabali, jdomiTi,

woliTi) moTamaSeebi garbian Tokebis qveS, romlebic gaWimulia yovel

or metrSi mkerdis simaRleze. manZili 10 metria. varjiSs asruleben

4-6-jer.

5. Sejibri moTamaSeTa sameulebs Soris. erTi sameuli starts iRebs da

garbis 10-15 metris manZilze, meore, romelic pirvelisgan erTi

metriT ukan aris, cdilobs “CaWras” wina sameuli. Semdeg isini

icvlian rolebs. imarjvebs is sameuli, romlis moTamaSeebs naklebad

“CaWrian”. TiToeuli sameuli starts iRebs 4-6-jer.

6. 10-14 moTamaSe dgeba wreze pirisaxiT centrisken. gaiTvlian pirvel

mesameze. maswavlebeli survilisamebr gamoiZaxebs romelime nomers.

gamoZaxebuli moTamaSeebi wres Sebourbenen gareTa mxridan da

TavianT adgilebs ikaveben. gaimarjvebs is, vinc pirveli daikavebs

Tavis adgils.

7. sami an oTxi moTamaSe dabali startidan garbis 20-25 metris manZilze,

romlis boloSic wiTeli alamia. gaimarjvebs is, vinc pirveli aswevs

alams. TiTo jgufi starts iRebs 4-6-jer.

8. startze dgeba sami moTamaSe (ori pirisaxiT win, xolo Sua moTamaSe

zurgiT win). maswavleblis niSanze isini xelixelCakidebulni garbian

15-20 metrs, Semdeg icvlian adgils. yoveli sameuli starts iRebs 6-8-

jer.

9. xuT-eqvs kaciani jgufi sxvadasxva sawyisi mdgomareobidan iRebs

starts da garbis 20-25 metrs. bolo adgilze gamosuli yoveli

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garbenis Semdeg eTiSeba varjiSs, ase grZeldeba gamarjvebulis

gamovlenamde.

10. moTamaSeebi rigrigobiT garbian 15-20 metrian monakveTs. moTamaSe

valdebulia Tqvas, ramdeni dro moandeoma am manZilis gavlas. yovel

SecdomiT naTqvam wamze ericxeba sajarimo qulebi. imarjvebs is, vinc

nakleb sajarimo qulebs daagrovebs TiToeuli moTamaSe starts iRebs

5-6-jer. wagebulebi jarimdebian damatebiTi sirbiliT moednis

irgvliv erTi an ori wris SemorbeniT.

moZravi TamaSebi siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis

1. “mieSvele” gamoyofen TamaSis erT wamyvans – “CamWrels”. yvela

danarCeni moTamaSe Tavisuflad darbis moedanze. “CamWreli” iwyebs

maT devnas. “CamWrelisgan” Tavis daxsnis mizniT erT-erTi moTamaSe

miirbens sxva moTamaSesTan, xels Cahkidebs mas da oriveni pirispir

dadgebian. Tu moTamaSeebi moaswreben aseTi mdgomareobis miRebas,

“CamWrels” maTi “CaWris” ufleba ara aqvs. Tu “CamWreli” daeweva

moTamaSes da “CaWris”, isini rolebs Seicvlian.

2. “CamWrelebi zonriT” yvela moTamaSes, garda ori “CamWrelisa”,

sayeloSi zonari aqvs gakeTebuli. “CamWreli” gamoedevneba gaqceuls,

daeweva, aaclis zonars da TviTon ikeTebs sayeloSi. uzonrod

darCenili “CamWreli” xdeba, xels swevs zeviT da iZaxis: “me var

“CamWreli”. dadevnebuli moTamaSe “CamWrelisagan” Tavs aRwevs

CajdomiT.

3. “CamWrelisagan Tavdaxsna”. yvela moTamaSe Tavisuflad darbis

moedanze. erT-erT moTamaSes niSnaven TamaSis wamyvanad, igi

gamoedevneba moTamaSeebs da cdilobs romelime maTganis “CaWras”.

wamyvanisgan Tavis dasaRwevad moTmaSeebma unda miiRon iseTi

mdgomareoba, rom fexebi ar exebodes iataks (tanvarjiSul skamze,

kibeze an bagirze asvla da sxva). rogorc ki “CaWris” safrTxe

gaivlis, moTamaSeebi swrafad Camoxtebian da iatakze dgebian. Tu

wamyvani “CaWris” moTamaSes, maSin es ukanaskneli xdeba wamyvani.

4. “meore zedmetia”. yvela moTamaSe dgeba wreze, garda orisa, romlebic

darbian wris gareT. erTi maTgani garbis, meore ki gaqceuls misdevs.

daWerisagan Tavis daRwevis mizniT, gaqceuli win daudgeba wreze

mdgom romelime moTamaSes. axla ukan mdgomi moswavle gadaiqceva

gamqcevad da Tavis daRwevis mizniT garbis. Tu damWeri daiWers

gaqceuls, damWeri gadaiqceva gamqcevad, gamqcevi ki _ damWerad.

5. “monadireni”. bavSvebi Tavisuflad danavardoben moedanze. sami

“monadire” sxvadasxva adgilas dgas. maT xelSi uWiravT TiTo patara

rbili burTi. maswavleblis niSanze “sdeq!” moTamaSe Cerdeba da

“monadireni” msubuqad tyorcnian mas burTs. visac burTi moxvdeba, is

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gadaiqceva “monadired”. nebadarTulia adgilidan fexis moucvlelad

burTis acdena moZraobiT. Tu moTamaSe burTis tyorcnisas adgils

moicvlis, gadaiqceva “monadired”.

6. “yvela Tavis alamTan”. moTamaSeebi moendanze ewyobian or wred.

TiToeuli wris centrSi dgas moTamaSe (wamyvani) feradi almiT.

moTamaSeebi dadian moedanze dafantuli moTamaSeebi Cerdebian da

xuWaven Tvalebs, wris centrSi mdgomi TamaSis wamyvanebi ki icvlian

adgils da gadadian sxva damatebiT wreebSi. maswavleblis mesame

niSanze “yvela Tavis alamTan!”moTamaSeebi Tvalebs umal axelen da

garbian TavianTi wamyvanisken, raTa mis irgvliv wris Sekvra daaswron

sxvebs. gamarjvebulia gundi, romelic adre moewyoba wreSi Tavis

alamTan. TamaSis ganmeorebis SemTxvevaSi amoirCeven axal wamyvans.

7. “dRe da Rame”. moednis Sua adgilze gavlebulia xazi. moTamaSeebi

pirvel meoreze gaiTvlian. pirveli nomrebi arian “Rame”, meore

nomrebi _ “dRe”. pirveli nomrebi dgebian xazis erT mxareze, meore

nomrebi ki _ xazis meore mxareze erTmaneTTan zurgSeqceviT.

TiToeul gunds moednis boloSi Tavisi “saxli” aqvs. rodesac

maswavlebeli daiZaxebs “Rame!” , yvela pirveli nomeri moTamaSe

swrafad garbis Tavisi “saxlisaken”. meore nomrebi – “dRe” _

mobrundebian zurgisken da pirvel nomrebs dasaWerad gamoedevnebian.

visac xels Seaxeben, daWerilad iTvleba. amis Semdeg gundebi

brundebian adgilze da iTvlian daWerilebs. daWerilebi kvlav

TamaSoben TavianTi gundebis SemadgenlobaSi. maswavlebeli 4-6-jer

asaxelebs xan erT, xan meore gunds. gamarjvebulia is gundi, romelic

SeZlebs mowinaaRmdegis meti raodenobiT daWeras.

8. “xazobrivi amanTrbeni”. moTamaSeebi iyofian or gundad. TiToeuli

gundis moTamaSe dgeba amxanagis zurgs ukan. maswavleblis niSanze

kolonis wina moTamaSeebi garbian winaswar daniSnul adgilamde,

brundebian ukan da gadascemen amanaTs kolonaSi mdgom moTamaSes.

axla amanaTis mimRebi garbis iseve, rogorc pirveli moTamaSe da a.S.

rigrigobiT. imarjvebs is gundi, romelic pirveli daamTavrebs

amanaTrbens.

9. “mesame zedmetia”. moTamaSeebi akeTeben wres da ewyobian wyvil-

wyvilad erTmaneTis ukan, pirisaxiT wris centrisken. wris gareT

darbis TamaSis ori wamyvani. erTi cdilobs xeliT Seexos meores

(“CaWras” igi), meore ki garbis da, Tu is romelime wyvils win

daudgeba, am wyvilis meore moTamaSe zedmeti xdeba da unda gaiqces.

gaqceuls gamoedevneba igive damWeri. Tu mdevari “CaWris” gaqceuls,

maTi rolebi Seicvleba.

10. “monadireni da ixvebi”.Semoxazaven did wres. moTamaSeebi or Tanabar jgufad iyofian: “monadireebad” da “ixvebad”. “ixvebi” wreSi dgebian,

“monadireebi” ki _ wris gareT. monadireebi “ixvebs” esvrian

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frenburTis burTs, “ixvebi” ki cdiloben aicdinon. “CaWrili” “ixvi”

gamodis wridan. roca “monadireebi” yvela “ixvs” “CaWrian” da wreSi

aRaravin darCeba, gundebis rolebi icvleba. imarjvebs is gundi,

romelic mcire droSi SeZlebs “ixvebis” “CaWras”.

6.7. gamZleobis ganviTareba

daRlisadmi winaaRmdegobis gawevis unars gamZleoba ewodeba. saerTo

gamZleoba xelburTelis yovelmxrivi fizikuri ganviTarebis Semedgeneli

nawilia, romelic aucilebelia ara marto SejibrebebSi

monawileobisTvis, aramed didi moculobis sawvrTneli muSaobis

SesrulebisTvisac. saerTo gamZleobis ganviTareba SeiZleba TiTqmis

yvela im fizikuri varjiSiT, romelic wliur wvrTnaSi Sedis.

bunebrivia, xelburTSi wvrTna aumjobesebs saerTo gamZleobas, magram

ufro sasargebloa xangrZlivi rbena saSualo intensivobiT

(gansakuTrebiT krosi) da TxilaurebiT siaruli. aucilebelia vicodeT,

rom saerTo gamZleobisTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs ara im procesebs

romlebic organizmSi mimdinareobs varjiSis Semdeg, aramed variSebis

sworad Sesrulebis dros mimdinare procesebs. rogorc mecnieruli

gamokvlevebi cxadyofs, Tavis tvinis qerqSi ixveweba nervuli procesebi,

romlebic organoebisa da sistemebis koordinacias axdenen, qmnian

dinamikur stereotips, gansazRvraven xelburTelis moqmedebas. aseTi

xangrZlivi muSaobis dros mniSvnelovnad umjobesdeba gulsisxlZarRvTa

da sasunTqi sistemebis muSaobisunarianoba. isic unda vicodeT, rom

zogierTi organo da sistema ukeT viTardeba mcireintensiuri, magram

xangrZlivi rbenis meSveobiT. mizanSewonilia gamZleobis

ganviTarebisTvis curvis, niCbosnobis, velosportisa da sportuli

TamaSebis gamoyeneba.

varjiSebi gamZleobis ganviTarebisTvis

1. Cveulebrivi siaruli sportul siarulTan SerwymiT (800-1500 m);

2. sirbili, krosi (2-3 km);

3. sirbili cvalebadi tempiT: 600 metrze msubuqi sirbili, 300

metrze _ swrafi, 500 metrze _ msubuqi, 400 metrze _ swrafi, 600

metrze _ msubuqi, 200 metrze _ swrafi, 400 metrze msubuqi, 100

metrze swrafi;

4. siaruli TxilamuriT (5-10 km);

5. varjiSi velosportSi;

6. sportuli TamaSebi (fexburTi, kalaTburTi, CogburTi).

specialuri gamZleobis ganviTareba

specialuri gamZleobis viTardeba siswrafis ganviTarebis, TamaSis

teqnikis da taqtikis srulyofis paralelurad.

150

sirbili aCqarebiT, varjiSebi burTis gadacemaze sirbilSi, swrafi

tempiT, teqnikuri gadaadgileba TavdasxmaSi, sawvrTneli TamaSebi

specialuri gamZleobis ganviTarebis saukeTeso saSualebaa.

maT garda aris zogierTi specialuri varjiSic :

1. kontrSeteva, burTis karSi tyorcna. moTamaSeebi rigrigobiT

uteven mowinaaRmdegis kars, burTis dakargvisTanave

damcvelebi gadadian swraf kontrSetevaze, Tavdamsxmelebi ki

dacvaze ;

2. TamaSi mTel moedanze « «vin ufro met xans daikavebs burTs ;

3. TamaSi cal karSi 2X2, 3X3, 4X4 ;

4. TamaSi or karSi, rodesac gundi moqmedebs ori damcvelis

winaaRmdeg orive zonaSi ;

5. TamaSi cal karSi 5 damcveliT da 3 TavdamsxmeliT an 3

damcveliT da 5 TavdamsxmeliT ;

6. ormxrivi TamaSi gaxangrZlivebuli droiT (ori taimi TiTo 40-

40 wuTi).

simarjveaxali moZraobis dauflebis, moqmedebis swrafad cvlis

unaria. simarjveSi upirveles yovlisa unda vigulisxmoT rTuli

koordinirebuli moZraobiTi moqmedebis dauflebis done fizikuri

Tvisebebis, Zalis, siswrafis, amtanobis urTierTkavSirSi.

TamaSebi da saTamaSo varjiSebi gamZleobis ganviTarebisTvis

1. “kata-Tagvobana”. bavSvebi xelixelCakidebulni qmnian wres.

erT-erTi moTamaSe “kataa “, meore ki - “Tagvi“. “Tagvi“ gaurbis

“katas“, romelsac bavSvebi yovelnairad uRobaven gzas

CaWiduli xelebis moZraobiT, “Tagvs“ ki Tavisuflad

gaaZvrenen xelebqveS. rogorc ki “kata“ daiWers “Tagvs“,

gamoyofen Semdeg wyvils.

2. “nomrebis gamoZaxeba”. moTamaSeni ewyobian or kolonad da

rigze gaiTvlian. kolonebs Soris manZili 2 metria.

TiToeuli kolonis win 10-15 metris daSorebiT dgas saxtomi

dgari. maswavlebeli asaxelebs romelime nomers. gamoZaxebuli

nomrebi garbian win, Semouvlian saxtom dgars da brundebian

TavianT adgilebze. adre misuli moTamaSe iRebs erT qulas.

Semdeg maswavlebeli asaxelebs sxva nomers. yvela nomris

gamoZaxebis Semdeg igebs gundi, romelmac meti qula moagrova.

3. “Semxvedri amanaTebi” . moTamaSeebi iyofian or gundad da

gaiTvlian rigze. TiToeuli gundis wyvili da kenti nomrebi

dgebian kolonebad erTmaneTis pirispir 15-20 metris manZilze.

niSanze pirveli nomrebi garbian meor nomrebTan da

gadascemen amanaTs. meore nomrebi, TavianT mxriv garbian

mesame nomrebTan, ukanaskneli _ meoTxe nomrebTan da a.S.

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imarjvebs is gundi, romelic pirveli daamTavrebs amanaTebis

gadacemas.

4. “wreebSi brZola burTisTvis”. moedanze nebismierad

Semoxazaven ramodenime wres erTimeorisgan 3-4 metris

daSorebiT. yovel wreSi TiTo moTamaSe dgeba. 4-6 TamaSis

wamyvani darbis moedanze wreebs Soris da cdilobs daiWiros

burTi, romelsac erTmaneTs ugdeben wreSi mdgomi

moTamaSeebi. TamaSis wamyvans da sxva moTamaSeebs ufleba ara

aqvT gadaabijon wrexazs. TamaSis wamyvani daiWers burTs da

xmamaRla iZaxis: “Seicvalos wreebi!” am niSanze yvela

moTamaSe gadairbens erTi wridan meoreSi, wamyvanebi ki am

dros cdiloben swrafad daikavon Tavaisufali wreebi.

moTamaSeebs, romelbic gadarbenisas wris gareT darCebian,

niSnaven TamaSis wamyvanebad da TamaSs ganagrZoben.

5. “amanTrbeni dabrkolebaTa gadalaxviT”. moTamaSeebi iyofian 3-

4 gundad da startis xazze ewyobian kolonebad. gundebs

Soris manZili sami metria. TiToeuli gunis pirveli nomeri

moTamaSe startze dgeba. mas xelSi uWiravs amanaTi

(xelburTis an CogburTis burTi). moednis Suaze, 50-60 sm

simaRleze gabmulia Toki, romelic or moswavles uWiravs.

maswavleblis niSanze TiToeuli gundis pirveli nomeri

moTamaSe garbis win, axteba gabmul Toks, miiWreba daniSnul

adgilamde, sadac Semourbens saxtom dgars an tenil burTs,

brundeba ukan, xelaxla gadaaxteba gabmul Toks, garbis

startis xazisken da Tavisi gundis Semdeg moTamaSes

gadascems amanaTs. igebs is gundi, romelic pirveli

daamTavrebs amanaTs gadacemas.

6.5. moqnilobis ganviTareba

rogorc zemoT CamoTvlili Tvisebebi, ise simarde da moqniloba

mWodrod kavSirSia saerTo fizikur momzadebasTan.

moqnilobis ganviTarebisaTvis saWiroa sportsmenma Seasrulos rac

SeiZleba meti sxvadasxva saxis varjiSi.

moqniloba ewodeba moZraobis maqsimaluri amplitudiT Sesrulebas,

rac damokidebulia saxsreSi Zvradobasa da kunTebis elastikurobaze,

e.i. daWimvisa da SekumSvis unarze. moqniloba gavlenas axdens saTamaSo

moZraobis siswrafesa da sizusteze.

TuU xelburTeli sakmarisad moqnili ar aris, saTanado doneze ver

Seasrulebs teqnikur xerxebs.

moqniloba ZiriTadad viTardeba specialuri saWimi varjiSebis,

qneviTi moZraobis SesrulebiT. es varjiSebi unda Sesruldes

152

zambariseburad 3-5-jer ritmuli ganmeorebiT, moZraobis amplitudis

TandaTanobiTi gazrdiT (varjiSebi partniorTan, tanvarjiSuli joxiT,

WokiT, tanvarjiSul kedelze, rgolebze, orZelze da a.S.).

varjiSebis moqnilobis ganviTarebisaTvis

1. ganmklavi, TiTebis moxra da gaSla (zemklavSic);

2. zemklavsa da ganmklavSi xelis mtevnis triali;

3. xelis mtevnis triali (TiTebsSua tanvarjiSuli joxiT);

4. wriuli moZraoba ganmklavSi, xelis yvela saxsarSi moxra da

gaSla;

5. ukuzneqidan gamarTuli xelebis awev-daweva (bolomde) sxvadasxva

tempiT;

6. igive varjiSi moxrili xelebis ukan gaweviT (swrafad);

7. wolbjeni (kedelze, skamze, iatakze), xelebis moxra da gaSla jer

mTel nebze, Semdeg ki mxolod TiTebze dayrdnobiT;

8. wolbjenis mdgomareobaSi xelebze gadaadgildeba sxvisi

daxmarebiT (sxva sportsmens xeliT ukavia movarjiSis fexebi koW-

wvivis saxsarSi);

9. zneqi win, ukan, gverdze;

10. wriuli moZraoba taniT (doinji);

11. zurgze wolis sawyisi mdgomareobidan fexebis Tavs zemoT

gadatana da fexis wverebiT iatakze Sexeba;

12. beWyira;

varjiSebi simardisa da xtomadobis ganviTarebisTvis

1. siaruli (vardnebiT);

2. buqni orive fexze;

3. xtomi sirbilis yovel meore da mesame nabijze;

4. gamorbeniT sigrZeze da sammagi xtomi;

5. xtomi ukan;

6. zambariseburi axtomi orive fexze arekniT, xtomSi (haerSi)

muxlebis mitana ferdTan;

7. orive fexze axtomi da bruni 1800 da 3600 –iT;

8. xtomi tanvarjiSul skamebze zigzagurad;

9. bjeniTi xtomi calkeul tanvarjiSul iaraRebze _ xarixaze,

taiWze, skamze;

10. xtomi cal an or fexze arekniT da dakidebul sagnebze

(burTebze, rgolebze da a.S.) miwvdoma xeliT, TaviT, fexiT.

153

kombinirebuli varjiSebi Zalasa da siswrafis ganviTarebisTvis

am varjiSebis Sesasruleblad saWiroa tanvarjiSuli iaraRebi

(xarixa, tanvarjiSuli skami), Stanga, tenili burTebi, agreTve

xelburTis 6-8 burTi.

varjiSi 1. varjiSs iwyeben orni _ #1 da #2 moTamaSeebi. xelburTis

moedanze TanamimdevrobiT ganlagebulia « a » , « b », « g », « d » da

« e » iaraRebi da inventari (« a » - Stangaa, « «b » - xarixa, « g » -

tenili burTi, « d » - tanvarjiSuli skami, « e » xelburTis burTi).

#1 da #2 moTamaSeebi maswavleblis niSanze iwyeben sirbils, iReben

Stangas (woniT 15-30 kg) da 5-jer aitaceben mas, deben Zirs da garbian,

gadaaxtebian xarixas, iReben or tenil burTs da zigzagurad orive

fexze arekniT axtebian tanvarjiSul skams, deben tenil burTebs da

garbian moednis bolomde, sadac iReben xelburTis burTebs da tarebiT

brundebian ukan. rogorc ki isini miuaxlovdebian 9 metrian xazs, burTs

gadaawodeben Semdeg wyvils, romlis wevrebic burTis miRebisTanave

igives akeTeben.kolonaSi SeiZleba 6-7 xelburTeli iyos.

varjiSi 2. pirveli wyvilis wevrebi Stangas (15-30 kg) ideben mxrebze

da centramde garbian, 5-jer asruleben Cajdoms, Semdeg Stangas Zirs

deben da ganagrZoben waxtomiT sirbils 9 metrian xazamde, sadac iReben

tenil burTs da ori xeliT tyorcnian karis mimarTulebiT, karis

xazTan iReben xelburTis burTs da tarebiT gverds uvlian dgarebs, ris

Semdegac moednis centrSi Cajdebian da burTs Zlier tyorcnian karSi.

varjiSi 3. pirveli wyvili or fexze xtomiT midis centramde, iRebs

xelburTis burTs da tarebiT gverds uvlis dgarebs, burTianad

asrulebs winkotrials, ris Semdegac 8-9 netris manZilidan xtomSi

tyorcnis burTs karSi. am varjiSs asruleben erTi mimarTulebiT.

rogorc ki pirveli wyvili Seasrulebs tyorcnas 8-9 metris manZilidan

karSi, meore wyvili iwyebs varjiSis Sesrulebas (moTamaSeebi

valdebulni arian tyorcnis Semdeg aiRon burTebi da gadaawodon Semdeg

wyvils).

varjiSi 4. monawileobas erTdroulad oTxi movarjiSe. #1

moTamaSeebi xelebze siaruliT midian moednis centramde (maTi fexebi

uWiravT #2 moTamaSeebs). Semdeg wyvilebi zigzagurad axtebian or

erTmaneTze gadebul tanvarjiSul skams, iReben tenil burTs da

gadacemiT midian piriT xazamde, aq rolebs Seicvlian, xelebze siaruls

iwyeben #2 moTamaSeebi da igives aketeben. rogorc ki pirveli ori

wyvili daamTavrebs sirbils, varjiSSi Caebmeba Semdegi wyvili da a.S.

aq moyvanili oTxi varjiSi samagaliToa. maT fonze SeiZleba

individualurad Seiqmnas aTobiT varjiSi, romlebsac mwvrTneli

gamoiyenebs Tavisi pirobebis Sesabamisad, magaliTad, Secvlis iaraRebs

an iaraRebis wonas, manZils da sxva.

154

Tavi VII

sportsmenis fsiqologiuri momzadeba SejibrebisTvis

sporti adamianis qcevis umniSvnelovanesi formaa, romlis erT-erTi

arsebiTi niSania Sejibreba. sportSi yvelaferi ganpirobebulia

SejibrebebiT, romlis gareSec igi fizikuri varjiSebis grovad

gadaiqceoda. cnobilia, rom Sejibrebas win uswrebs sistematuri,

daZabuli, didi moculobisa da intensivobis mzadeba (fizikuri,

teqnikuri,taqtikuri da sxva), romlis gareSec SeuZlebelia maRali

sportuli maCveneblebis miRweva.

Sejibreba spirtsmenis an sportuli gundis iseTi moqmedebaa,

romelic miznad isaxavs Cvevebis SemuSavebas, wvrTnis procesSi

gamomuSavebuli da ganviTarebuli sportuli SesaZleblobebis

maqsimalurad gamovlenis moTxovnilebis dakmayofilebas metoqesTan

brZolis gziT. Sejibrebis saboloo mizani maRali sportuli

maCveneblebis miRwevaa. magram gana sportsmeni yovelTvis axerxebs mis

winaSe Sejibrebebis dros dasaxuli amocanebis warmatebiT gadaWras?

cxadia, vera. sportul praqtikaSi cota rodia iseTi magaliTi, rodesac

sportsmeni Tu gundi Sejibrebisas ver avlens Tavisi SesaZleblobebis

minimumsac ki. aRniSnul viTarebas, ra Tqma unda , garkveuli mizezebi da

faqtorebi ganapirobebs, romelTa codnas Teoriulis garda didi

praqtikuli mniSvnelobac aqvs.

Sejibrebaze warmateba-warumateblobas gansazRvravs obieqturi da

subieqturi faqtorebi, romelTagan zogi xels uwyobs sportsmens (gunds)

SejibrebaSi dasaxuli amocanebis warmatebiT gadawyveTaSi, zogi ki,

piriqiT, xels uSlis, aferxebs.

obieqturi faqtorebidan gansakuTrebiT gamovyofT: meteorologiur-

klimatur faqtorebs _ qars,sicxes,sicives, zRvis donis simaRles da

sxva, agreTve Sejibrebebis Catarebis adgilis (darbazis) ganaTebas da

ventilacias, sportuli inventaris vargisianobas da sxva.

aseve didi mniSvneloba aqvs subieqturi faqtorebis codnas.

gamokvlevebiT dadgenilia,rom umetes SemTxvevaSi sportuli

Sejibrebebisas sportsmeni ver avlens Tavisi SesaZleblobebis maqsimums.

irkveva isic, rom sportsmenTa garkveuli nawili ver avlens Tavisi

SesaZleblobebis minimumsac ki, piriqiT, auaresebs sportul maCveneblebs.

garda aRniSnulisa, Sejibrebebis eqstremalur pirobebSisxvadasxva

mosalodnel Tu moulodnel intensiur stresul zemoqmedebaze yvela

sportsmeni rodi axdens erTgvarovan reagirebas. dabali tolerantobis

donis gamo zogierTi sportsmeni auaresebs sportul Sedegebs, zogi ki ,

tolerantobis maRali donis gamo, aumjobesebs maT. aRniSnuli

problemebis kvlevas sportis fsiqologiaSi udidesi mniSvneloba

eniWeba.

155

1. Sejibrebis subieqturi faqtorebis daxasiaTeba

rogorc aRvniSneT, Sejibreba konkretuli pirovnebis qcevaa. aqedan

gamomdinare, Sejibrebis Taviseburebebs pirvel rigSi Sejibrebis

subieqtis pirovnul-individualuri Taviseburebebi ganapirobebs.

rogoricaa pirovneba, iseTia Sejibrebis dros misi qcevac. aRsaniSnavia,

rom adamianebi, rogorc pirovnebebi, erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdebian.

ramdeni adamianicaa, imdeni gansxvavebuli pirovnebaa. es gansxvavebuloba

vlindeba rogorc subieqturad _ gancdis saxiT, aseve obieqturad _

qcevis saxiT. yvela adamians axasiaTebs pirovnuli xasiaTis naklovani

mxareebi, sisusteebi. rac meti naklovani mxare aqvs pirovnebas, miT

nakleb warmatebas aRwevs Tavis moRvaweobaSi. pirovnuli xasiaTis

naklovani mxareebis codnas didi praqtikuli mniSvneloba aqvs

mwvrTnelisaTvis, radgan wvrTnis procesis maRal doneze warmarTva

aucileblad saWiroebs maT safuZvlian, Rrma codnas.

ganvixiloT pirovnuli xasiaTis naklovani mxareebi. fsiqologia

mecnierebaa fsiqikis Sesaxeb. fsiqika ZiriTadad Seicavs fsiqikur

procesebsa da Tvisebes (Tvisebebi pirovnebis SedarebiT myari niSnebia,

procesebs ki axasiaTebs dasawyisi, droSi mimdinareoba da dasasruli).

ar SevexebiT fsiqikis yvela gamovlinebas. ganvixilavT mxolod

xelburTisTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovan momentebs.

yuradReba ewodeba sinamdvilis romelime nawilze fsiqikuri

moqmedebis warmarTvisa da SeCerebis process da warmoadgens am nawilis

naTlad da mkafiod asaxvis pirobas. cxadia, yuradReba gansakuTrebul

rols asrulebs xelburTSi SejibrebebSi warmatebebis mopovebaSi.

xelburTi sportuli TamaSebis erT-erTi popularuli saxeobaa, sadac

Sejibrebisas sxvadasxva situacia swrafad monacvleobs, rac saWiroebs

yuradRebis swraf gadatanas erTidan meore situaciaze. yuradRebis

gadanacvlebis mixedviT sportsmenebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdebian.

SesaZloa gundis Semadgenlobis erTi nawili ekuTvnodes yuradRebis

advilad gadamnawileblis tips. aseTebi iolad axerxeben erTi

situaciidan meoreze yuradRebis gadatanas. magram gundSi SesaZloa

iyvnen sapirispiro tipis sportsmenebic, romlebsac uWirT erTi

situaciidan meoreze swrafad gadarTva, ris gamoc Secvlil situaciaze

ver axdenen adekvatur reagirebas. aseTi sportsmenebi, rogorc wesi,

SejibrebebSi ver aRweven maRal sportul maCveneblebs. yuradRebis

gadanacvlebaSi siZnele pirovnuli xasiaTis iseTi naklia, romlis

angariSgauwevloba wvrTnisa da Sejibrebebis procesSi xSirad

warumateblobis erT-erT mizezad gadaiqceva. warmatebisTvis aseve didi

mniSvneloba aqvs Tvisebas, romelsac yuradRebis ganawileba ewodeba.

ganawileba erTsa da imave dros yuradRebis sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT

warmarTvis unaris. sportsmenebi am Tvisebis mixedviTac gansxvavdebian

156

erTmaneTisagan: arsebobs yuradRebis advilad da Znelad gamnawilebeli

tipebi. meore tips xelburTSi garkveuli Seferxebebi eqneba, vinaidan

xelburTi gunduri TamaSia da , bunebrivia, moTamaSem erTsa da imave

dros unda gadawyvitos gansxvavebuli amocanebi (ataros burTi da

imavdroulad uyuros moedans, partniorebis Tu metoqeebis moedanze

ganlagebas, gadaadgilebas da sxva). cxadia, meore tipis xelburTels

gauWirdeba gansxvavebuli moqmedebebis erTdroulad Sesruleba, es ki

fsiqologiuri xasiaTis iseTi defeqtia, romelic xSir SemTxvevaSi

warumateblobis mizezi xdeba. xelburTelisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs

Tvisebas, romelsac yuradRebis moculoba ewodeba. yuradRebis

moculoba ewodeba saganTa an movlenaTa raodenobas, romelsac

pirovneba yuradRebis erT aqtSi Tanabari sicxadiTa da gamokveTilobiT

amCnevs. xelburTis specifikidan gamomdinare, xelburTels moeTxoveba

mravali gansxvavebuli sagnisa Tu movlenis erTdrouli, sruli, naTeli

aRqma da cxadia, maTi Sesatyvisi reaqcia. saerTod, yuradRebis mixedviT

adamianebi gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan, amitom mwvrTneli valdebulia

icodes gundis TiToeuli wevris yuradRebis moculoba (da, ra Tqma

unda, maTi sxva mxareebic), raTa saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi izrunos maTi

ganviTarebisTvis.

rogorc aRvniSneT, xelburTi sportis gunduri saxeobaa, sadac

SejibrebebSi situaciis swrafi monacvleoba, garda sportsmenis

sakuTari moqmedebisa, damokidebulia metoqezec. bunebrivia,

Sejibrebebisas vxvdebiT standartul situaciebsac, roca xelburTeli

met-naklebi warmatebiT iyenebs aseve standartul saSualebebs. xSiria

SemTxvevebi, rodesac Sejibrebis arastandartul situaciaSi sportsmenis

teqnikuri arsenali moqmedebis warmatebiT gaSlisTvis sakmarisi ar aris.

mdidari fantaziiT dajildoebuli sportsmeni xSirad warmatebiT Zlevs

arastandartul situacias da, piriqiT, xelburTelTa improvizirebuli

moqmedeba sanaxaobrivadac mimzidvelia da efeqturic, rac didad uwyobs

xels TamaSSi warmatebis miRwevas. aRniSnulis gamo gundma garkveuli

yuradReba unda dauTmos moTamaSeTa fantaziis donis dadgenas (radgan

pirovnebebi fantaziis mixedviTac gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan).

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi mwvrTnelma unda izrunos am Tvisebis

ganviTarebisTvis (gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri, SemoqmedebiTi fantaziis

ganviTarebisTvis) fantazia warsuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze axali,

winaT aRuqmeli warmodgenebis Seqmnis procesia, axali teqnikuri

xerxebisa da ileTebis, ileTTa naerTebis, teqnikuri sqemebis, wvrTnis

axali meTodebis, axali sportuli iaraRebis Seqmna fantaziis

monawileobas gulisxmobs.

xelburTi uaRresad dinamikuri sportis saxeobaa, romelSic

vlindeba warmateba-warumateblobis uwyveti monacvleoba. zogjer

xelburTeli warmatebiT moqmedebs_Znel situaciaSi gaaqvs goli, zustad

157

da droulad gadascems burTs _ xelsayrel poziciaSic ki ver gaaqvs

goli, ugvianebs pass an zustad ver awvdis burTs xelsayrel poziciaSi

gasul partniors da a.S. SejibrebebSi warmateba-warumateblobis

monacvleoba ganapirobebs dadebiT da uaryofiT emociebs. emocia

fsiqologiaSi ganmartebulia rogorc pirovnebis subieqturi

damokidebuleba sagnisa Tu movlenisadmi. amitomaa, rom erTi da igive

sagani Tu movlena sxvadasxva adamianSi gansxvavebul subieqtur

mdgomareobas _ dadebiT an uaryofiT emocias iwvevs. Emociuri gancdebi

garkveul gavlenas axdens saerTod adamianis, kerZod ki xelburTelis

qcevaze. erT SemTxvevaSi miRweulma warmatebam pirovnebaSi SeiZleba

dadebiTi emocia (sixaruli, aRfrTovaneba da a.S.) gamoiwvios, ubiZgos

mas momavali SejibrebebisTvis meti energiiT mzadebis, saWiro reJimis

(kvebis, dasvenebis, wvrTnis, sayofacxovrebo da a.S.) dacvisken. magram

xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac warmateba (gansakuTrebiT ioli gziT

mopovebuli) uaryofiT zegavlenas axdens sportsmenze, ganapirobebs iseT

gancdebs, rogoricaa sakuTar TavSi darwmunebuloba, sifxizlis

moduneba da a.S. analogiur viTarebasTan gvaqvs saqme warumateblobis

SemTxvevaSic. Man SeiZleba zog SemTxvevaSi revanSis aRebis survili

gamoiwvios, sportsmeni Tavis Tavs ver patiobs Secdomebs, romlebmac

ganapiroba warumatebloba, da gaaTkecebuli energiiT iwyebs momavali

SejibrebebisTvis mzadebas. erTi mxriv, warumatebloba ubiZgebs

sportsmens sakuTari SesaZleblobebis maqsimaluri mobilizaciiT

emzados momavali SejibrebisTvis, meore SemTxvevaSi ki warumatebloba

gadaiqceva uaryofiTi gancdebis wyarod, sportsmeni ganawyenebuli,

imedgacruebulia, daCagrulis, damcirebulis SegrZneba aqvs, sakuTar

TavSi darwmunebis grZnoba ekargeba. aRniSnuli garemoeba ubiZgebs

sportsmens wvrTnis moculobisas da intensivobis Sekvecisaken, igi

xSirad arRvevs reJims da sportisadmi gulgrili xdeba. aseT

SemTxvevaSi, cxadia, Sedegebi uaresdeba. zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom emociebis roli xelburTSi (rogorc, saerTod,

sportSi) didia. Tu xelburTelis Segnebul miznebs Tan sdevs Zlieri

emociebi, nebelobiTiqceva gacilebiT intensiuria da, piriqiT, Tu emocia

ewinaaRmdegeba qcevis motivirebul miznebs, nebelobiTi qceva ferxdeba.

xelburTelis warmatebas mniSvnelovnad ganapirobebs is, Tu rogor

ganicdis, rogor afasebs is Tavis qcevas, moqmedebas. aRniSnulis gamo

emociisa da grZnobis gamovlinebebi _ guneba, afeqti, vneba,

inteleqtualuri da moraluri gancdebi _ mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens

xelburTelis warmatebebze. Sejibrebis dawyebis win xelburTelebs

eqmnebaT gamokveTilad specifikuri mdgomareoba, rasac winasastarto

mdgomareoba ewodeba.

eqsperimentulad dadgenilia sportSi winasastarto mdgomareobis

sami saxe: 1. sastarto cieb-cxeleba ; 2. sastarto apaTia; 3. sabrZolo

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mzadyofnis mdgomareoba. winasastarto mdgomareobis pirveli ori saxe

uaryofiTi fsiqikuri mdgomareobaa, mesame ki – dadebiTi, romelic xels

uwyobs sportsmens Sejibrebis mimdinareobis procesSi maqsimalurad

gamoavlinos sportuli SesaZleblobebi. sportsmenis emociuri

cxovrebis Taviseburebebis codnas didi praqtikuli mniSvneloba aqvs.

maT gareSe SeuZlebelia sportsmenis emociebis regulireba. yovelive

amas ki didi mniSvneloba eniWeba Sejibrebisas maRali sportuli

maCveneblebis miRwevaSi. saerTod, adamianisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia

aqtivobis specifikuri forma – nebelobiTi moqmedeba. nebeloba

Segnebuli, winaswar ganzraxuli, garkveuli miznis ganxorcielebisken

mimarTuli da gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze mimdinare moqmedebaa.

rogorc cnobilia, yovelgvari aqtivobis wyaroa moTxovnilebebi.

cxovelis qcevas sasicocxlo-biologiuri moTxovnilebebi udevs

safuZvlad. adamianis qcevis safuZveli ki biologiur moTxovnilebebTan

erTad maRali socialuri moTxovnilebebia. cxoveli aqtualuri

moTxovnilebebis monaa, mas ar SeuZlia sakuTari Tavis gamoyofa

garemodan da Tavisi moTxovnilebebisadmi dapirispireba. cxovels,

mxolod impulsuri qceva axasiaTebs. Adamians ki, romelic biologiurisa

da socialuris erTianobaa, axasiaTebs impulsuri qcevac,rac misTvis

araspecifikuria. adamianisaTvis specifikuria momavali qcevis winaswar

gacnobiereba, misi gaanalizeba, saTanado Sefaseba, Segnebuli arCeva,

gadawyvetilebebis miReba da mis niadagze qcevis warmarTva. adamianis

qcevis struqturaSi mocemulia rogorc impulsuri, aseve obieqtivaciis

done (nebelobiTi da azrovnebiT kontrolirebadi done). aRsaniSnavia,

rom gansxvavebul qcevas pirovnebis gansxvavebuli individualuri

Taviseburebebi ganapirobebs. magaliTad, zog adamianSi Warbobs

obieqtivaciis doneze mimdinare qceva, zogSi ki- impulsuri. aRniSnuli

viTarebis codnas garkveuli praqtikuli mniSvneloba aqvs. sportul

praqtikaSi SemCneulia sportsmenTa iseTi kategoria, romelic yvelafers

akeTebs SejibrebaSi warmatebis misaRwevad, magram umravles SemTxvevaSi

ver aRwevs sasurvel Sedegs. arsebobs sportsmenTa iseTi kategoriac,

romelic umravles SemTxvevaSi maRal sportul Sedegebs aRwevs. Oorive

kategoriis sportsmenTa eqsperimentuli gamokvlevis Sedegad gairkva,

rom impulsuri qcevebi Warbobs iseT sportsmenebSi, romlebic

SejibrebebSi ver aRweven maRal sportul maCveneblebs, im sportsmenebSi

ki, romlebic, rogorc wesi, aRweven warmatebebs, obieqtivaciis doneze

mimdinare qcevis mqoneni Warboben.

cnobilia, rom nebeloba Seicavs sam periods: mosamzadebels,

gadawyvetilebis miRebis da Sesrulebis periodebs. aRniSnuli

periodebis mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa. zogi mkvlevari

mesame periods aniWebs gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas. ganwyobis fsiqologiis

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mixedviT ki nebelobis mesame periodic ar Seicavs raime specifikur

nebelobiT moqmedebas, meore ki-gadawyvetilebebis miRebis periodi _

miCneulia specifikur nebelobiT moqmedebad. am Teoriis mixedviT

gadawyvetilebis miReba niSnavs iseTi axali ganwyobis Seqmnas, romelic

ganapirobebs arCeuli qcevis warmatebiT gaSlas (ganwyoba mTlianad

pirovnebis iseTi mdgomareoba, pirivnebis Zalebis iseTi organizaciaa,

romelic Sinaganad uzrunvelyofs qcevis warmarTvas). mesame, Sesrulebis

periodi gadawyvetilebis periodSi Seqmnili ganwyobis realizaciaa.

Nnebelobis simtkice gadawyvetilebis simtkicezea damokidebuli, masze

damokidebulia agreTve nebelobis Tvisebebi, romlebic amave dros

xasiaTis Tvisebebicaa: amtanoba, Tavdajerebuloba,

TavSekaveba,disciplina, Seudrekeloba, gambedaoba, mizanswrafva da a.S.

adamianebi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdebian nebelobiTi Tvisebebis

TaviseburebebiT (gansxvavebuli nebelobiTi aqtis safuZvels xasiaTi

ewodeba). zog adamians SeuZlia swori gadawyvetilebis swrafad miReba,

zogs yoymani axasiaTebs (didi dro sWirdeba gadawyvetilebis misaRebad),

zogsac _ mtkice nebisyofa (miRebuli gadawyvetilebis ganxorcielebis

gzaze warmoqmnili dabrkolebisa da siZnelis gadalaxvis unari), zogs _

susti nebisyofa (sakmarisia mcire dabrkoleba Tu siZnele,rom man

daiwyos adre miRebuli gadawyvetilebis axliT Secvlis argumentaciis

Zebna, rasac, umetes SemTxvevaSi axerxebs kidec), aRniSnuli garemoeba

garkveul gavlenas axdens qcevis warmatebaze. sportSi mravali

magaliTia cnobili, rodesac xasiaTis xarvezebi nebisyofaSi

(TavSekavebuloba, gadawyvetilebis dagvianebiT miReba da a.S.)SejibrebaSi

warumateblobis mizezad qceula (msajTan SekamaTeba, ukmayofilebis

demonstraciulad gamoxatva,uxeSi pasuxi da a.S.).

sportis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etapze, rodesac sagrZnoblad

gaizarda wvrTnis moculoba da intensivoba, gamravalferovnda da

garTulda sportsmenTa teqnikuri aRWurvilobis arsenali, daixvewa

taqtikuri moqmedebis sqemebi, rodesac sportsmenebi aRweven fenomenalur

maCveneblebs. sportis Semdgomi ganviTarebis gzaze gansakuTrebul

mniSvnelobas iZens e.w. pirovnuli faqtorebi. sportsmenTa fizikuri,

teqnikuri da taqtikuri momzadebulobis maRali donis miuxedavad,

aRniSnuli faqtorebis zemoqmedebis gamo mainc ver xerxdeba SejibrebaSi

sakuTari SesaZleblobebis maqsimaluri gamovlena, ver miiRweva maRali

maCveneblebi.aRniSnulma garemoebam ganapiroba sportsmenTa momzadebis

axali saxis Seqmnis aucilebloba. mas fsiqologiuri momzadeba ewodeba.

sportsmenis fsiqologiuri momzadebis cneba sportSi XX saukunis 50-

iani wlebidan damkvidrda da dReisaTvis udidesi mniSvnelobis mqone

erT-erT problemad iqca. miuxedavad imisa, rom aRniSnul problemas

sxvadasxva qveynis mravali gamoCeneili mkvlevari swavlobs, jer kidev

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ar arsebobs fsiqologiuri momzadebis cnebis erTiani, yvelasaTvis

misaRebi gageba.

2. fsiqologiuri momzadebis arsi

sportSi fsiqologiuri momzadebis cneba gulisxmobs kompleqsur

pedagogiur process, romelic mimarTulia sportsmenis nebelobiTi

Tvisebebis yovelmxrivi ganviTarebisken. xelburTelis fsiqologiuri

momzadebis procesSi pirvel rigSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos

pirovneba, misi temperamenti da xasiaTi, asaki, gamocdileba, Sejibrebis

masStabebi da pirobebi. sportsmenis fsiqikuri mzadyofnis cnebaSi

vgulisxmobT pirovnebis iseT mdgomareobas, rodesac igi nebismier

drosa da pirobebSi axerxebs sakuTari SesaZleblobebis maqsimalurad

mobilizebas da am ukanasknelis maqsimalurad realizebas Sejibrebis

eqstremalur pirobebSi.

fsiqologiuri momzadebis amocanaa pirvel rigSi xeli Seuwyos

sportsmenis im fsiqikuri procesebisa da Tvisebebis gamovlenasa da

ganviTarebas, romlebic ganapirobeben sportis ama Tu im saxeobaSi

sportsmenis fsiqikur mzadyofnas da mis ganmtkicebas (swored es aris

SejibrebaSi sportsmenis warmatebis erT-erTi aucilebeli piroba).

sportis gundur saxeobebSi da, kerZod, xelburTSi sportsmenis

pirovnebis fsiqikuri mzadyofna bevradaa damokidebuli gundis, rogorc

sportuli koleqtivis fsiqikur mzadyofnaze da, piriqiT, TiToeuli

xelburTelis fsiqikuri mzadyofna ganapirobebs gundis fsiqikur

mzadyofnas. es urTierToba Tavisi bunebiT rTulia, igi eqvemdebareba

socialuri (jgufis) fsiqologiis kanonzomierebebs. fsiqikuri

mzadyofna sportsmenis maRali gawvrTnilobis ganuyofeli nawilia.

3. fsiqologiuri momzadebis saxeebi

sportis fsiqologiaSi arCeven fsiqologiuri momzadebis or saxes _

zogad fsiqologiurs da konkretuli SejibrebisaTvis fsiqologiur

momzadebas.

zogadi fsiqologiuri moqmedeba mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi unda

mimdinareobdes sportsmenis fizikur, teqnikur da taqtikur

momzadebasTan erTad. sportsmenis pirovnebis da gundis wvrTna

pirovnuli Tu socialur- fsiqologiuri xasiaTis xarvezebi da

naklovani mxareebi da Taviseburebebi mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs

warmatebebs wvrTnisa da Sejibrebebis procesSi. amis gamo zogad

fsiqologiur momzadebas aucileblad win unda uswrebdes sportsmenis

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pirovnebisa da sportuli gundis Rrma fsiqologiuri Seswavla, romlis

mizani iqneboda sportsmenis pirovnebisa dasportuli koleqtivis

Taviseburebebis gamovlena, maTi Zlieri da susti mxareebis dadgena,

fsiqologiuri portretebis Seqmna. sakuTari empiriuli gamocdilebis

safuZvelze mwvrTnels garkveuli informacia aqvsTavisi aRsazrdelebis

pirovnebis individualuri da koleqtivis socialur- fsiqologiuri

bunebis Sesaxeb. magram, cxadia, es informacia sruli da yovelTvis

sando ar aris, radganyovel pirovnebas met-naklebad axasiaTebs

Selamazebis tendencia. pirovneba xSirad uars acxadebs misTvis

damaxasiaTebel iseT pirovnul niSnebze, romlebic socialurad

miuRebelia, xolo miiwers iseT pirovnul niSnebs, romlebic mas ar

axasiaTebs, magram socialurad misaRebia. aRniSnulis Seswavlis

niadagze miRebuli masalis mixedviT, rogorc aRvniSneT, SeiZleba

Seiqmnas fsiqologiuriportretebi, romlebSic konkretulad iqneba

warmodgenili sportsmenis pirovnebis Zlieri Tu sisti mxareebi,

romelTa codnis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia imis dadgena, Tu ra

konkretuli saxis fsiqologiur daxmarebas saWiroebs esa Tu is

sportsmeni. fsiqologiuri portretis niadagze iqmneba rekomendaciebi,

romlebSic miTiTebuli iqneba fsiqologiuri xasiaTis naklovani

mxareebi, xarvezebi da maTi gamosworebis, aRmofxvris gzebi.

4. pirovnebis kvlevis meTodebi

rogorc aRvniSneT, fsiqologiur momzadebas win unda uswrebdes

sportsmenis momzadebisRrma fsiqologiuri Seswavla, romlis mizansac

pirovnebis fsiqikuri fenomenebis (fsiqikuri procesebisa da Tvisebebis)

ganviTarebis donis dadgena Seadgens. xelburTelisaTvis mTavari

fsiqikuri Sinaarsis Seswavla gansakuTrebul rols asrulebs. aseTi

Seswavlis gziT miRebuli masala sportsmenis qcevis, misi warmatebis

prognozirebis saSualebas iZleva.

aRsaniSnavia, rom pirovnebis Seswavlis erTiani, yvelasaTvis

misaRebi sqema dReisaTvis ar arsebobs. sportis fsiqologiis

specialistebi, romlebic qveynis sxvadasxva regionSi muSaoben, TavianT

praqtikul muSaobaSi iyeneben kvlevis maTTvis misaReb gzebs, saSealebas,

xerxebsa da meTodebs. gamonaklisi arc sportis fsiqologiis qarTveli

specialistebi arian. profesorma v. norakiZem (akademikos d. uznaZis

ganwyobis Teoriis safuZvelze) Seqmna pirovnebis kvlevis e.w.

kompleqsuri meTodi, romelsac warmatebiT iyeneben muSaobaSi ara marto

qarTveli specialistebi. aRniSnul meTodebSi wamyvani adgili d.

uznaZis fiqsirebuli ganwyobis kvlevis meTods uWiravs, romelic

mTliani pirovnebis formaluri struqturuli mxaris dadgenis

SesaZleblobas iZleva. am meTodiT swavloben mTliani pirovnebis

162

calkeuli fsiqikuri aspeqtebis maintegrirebeli ganwyobis bunebas, ris

gareSec SeuZlebelia pirovnebis namdvil bunebaSi wvdoma, xolo am

ukanasknelis gareSe warmoudgenelia fsiqologiuri momzadebis maRal

doneze warmarTva. garda aRniSnulisa, kompleqsuri meTodi sportsmenis

mTliani pirovnebis Sinaarsiseuli mxaris daxasiaTebis SesaZleblobasac

iZleva, risTvisac, garda fiqsirebuli ganwyobis meTodisa, gamoyenebulia

klinikuri _ saubris meTodi (rorSaxis, Tematuri apercefciis, testiebi,

teilorisa da aizenkis kiTxvarebi).

5. fsiqologiuri momzadeba konkretuli SejibrebisTvis

konkretuli SejibrebisTvis fsiqologiur momzadebaSi gamoyofen

adreuli da uSualo fsiqologiuri momzadebis etapebs.

adreuli fsiqologiuri momzadeba im periodidan iwyeba, rodesac

sportsmenisaTvis cnobili gaxdeba SejibrebaSi misi monawileoba. am

etapze specifikuri amocanebi wydeba. saWiroa momavali Sejibrebis

pirobebis Sesaxeb detaluri da rac SeiZleba sruli informacia

(sportuli bazisa da inventaris xarisxis, Sejibrebis debulebis, kvebisa

da sxva). aseve mniSvnelovania informacia savaraudo mowinaaRmdegeTa,

maTi sportuli formis, pirovnebebis individualuri Taviseburebebis

Sesaxeb. amave etapze unda SeimuSaon momavali Sejibrebis samoqmedo

gegma _ taqtikuri sqemebi. xSirad taqtikuri sqema ar Seesatyviseba

Sejibrebisas Seqmnil viTarebas, amitom aucilebelia misi saxvadasxva

variantis winaswar SemuSaveba wvrTnis procesSi maTi srulyofilad

dauflebisa da gamoyenebis Cvevebis gamomuSavebis mizniT. SejibrebaSi

monawile sportsmens (gunds) konkretuli mizani unda dausaxon. saWiroa

SejibrebaSi monawileTa piradi da sazogadoebrivi Rirebulebebis

motivTa stimulireba dasaxuli miznisa da momzadebisaTvis aucilebeli

programis Sesabamisad. am etapze wvrTnis procesis iseTi meTodebiT

Catarebaa aucilebeli, romlebic maqsimalurad iqneba miaxloebuli

momavali Sejibrebis pirobebTan. amave etapidan iwyeba wvrTnis,

dasvenebisa da sxva reJimebis sagangebo dacva.

uSualo fsiqologiuri momzadeba iwyeba konkretuli Sejibrebis

dawyebis win, grZeldeba Sejibrebis procesSi da mTavrdeba Sejibrebis

dasasrulisTanave. konkretuli SejibrebisTvis fsiqologiuri momzadeba

saWiroebs sportsmenis fsiqikuri mdgomareobis regulirebisa da

TviTregulirebis xerxebis codnas. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac sportsmens

eufleba sastarto apaTiis an sastarto cieb-cxelebis niSnebi, romlebic

mas xelis uSlis Tavisi sportuli SesaZleblobebis maqsimalurad

gamovlenaSi, uaryofiTi zamoqmedebis Sesasusteblad da aRsakveTad

saWiroa saTanado RonisZiebebi misi am mdgomareobidan gamosayvanad. Tu

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mwvrTnelis an masTan erTad momuSAve fsiqologisaTvis Rrma

fsiqologiuri Seswavlis niadagze cnobilia sportsmenis pirovnebis

individualuri an sportuli koleqtivis socialur- fsiqologiuri

Taviseburebebi, pirvel rigSi aucilebelia sityvieri zemoqmedeba.

magaliTad, xelburTels sakuTar ZalebSi rwmenis ganmtkicebis mizniT

unda esaubron mis Zlier mxareebze, yuradReba gaamaxvilon metoqis sust

da naklovan mxareebze (araviTar SemTxvevaSi mis siZliereze), sportuli

praqtikidan dausaxelon iseTi magaliTebi, rodesac SedarebiT susti

amarcxebda Zlier metoqes da a.S. swor, gamarTebul, damajerebel

sityvier zemoqmedebas didi sargeblobis motana SeuZlia sportsmenis

uaryofiTi fsiqikuri mdgomareobis regulirebisa da koreqciis saqmeSi

(Sesvenebisas, gamocvlis dros da a.S.). sityvieri zemoqmedebis mizania ara

marto taqtikur moqmedebaSi garkveuli koreqtivebis Setana, aramed

sportsmenis pirovnuli Zalebis maqsimaluri mobilizaciac. sityvieri

zemoqmedebisas SeZleba ise warmarTon sportsmenTan urTierToba, rom

misi yuradReba uaryofiTi fsiqikuri Sinaarsis (stresis) gamomwvevi

faqtorebidan gadarTon dadebiTi fsiqikuri Sinaarsis ganmapirobebel

faqtorebze. amisaTvis mwvrTnelma sportsmenis biografiidan SeiZleba

moigonos gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis mqone epizodi (warsuli, maRali

rangis Sejibrebidan), romlebSic man gamarjvebas miaRwia Zlier

metoqesTan brZolaSi. aseTi sasiamovno mogoneba xels uwyobs

akviatebuli, Semawuxebeli fiqris, warmodgenebis moSorebas, aumjobesebs

guneba-ganwyobilebas, sakuTar ZalebSi rwmenis ganmtkicebas, nebelobiTi

Zalebis aqtivobis gaZlierebas. Tu sportsmeni Tavis TavSi erTob

darwmunebulia, igi garkveul situaciebSi kargavs realobis grZnobas,

gaumarTlebel riskze midis da a.S. saWiroa konkretuli SemTxvevebis

gaxseneba, magaliTebis motana, rodesac SejibrebisaTvis kargad

momzadebuli, maRalkvalificiuri gundi zedemti dajerebulobis gamo

damarcxebula SedarebiT sust metoqesTan orTabrZolaSi.

sportsmenze mZlavri zemoqmedebis Zalas iZens mwvrTnelis qcevaa,

misi moqmedeba, emociebi da a.S. magaliTad, Tu mwvrTnels eufleba

stresi, romelsac garegnuladac avlens, es garkveul gavlenas axdens

sportsmenebzec.mwvrTnelis stresi ganapirobebs da aZlierebs

sportsmenis stresul mdgomareobas. aqedan gamomdinare, Sexvedris win

rCeva-darigebis dros mwvrTnelis xma unda iyos mtkice, mSvidi,

keTilmosurne, igi ara Tu fsiqikis daZabulobas unda qmnides, aramed

xels unda uwyobdes dadebiTi fsiqikuri mdgomareobis Seqmnas,

darwmunebulobis gaZlierebas, fsiqikur-fizikuri Zalebis mobilizacias.

dauSvebelia, sportsmenisaTvis darigebis micema yviriliT,

gaRizianebuli btaziani kiloTi.

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araxelsayreli fsiqikuri mdgomareobis (apaTia, sastarto cieb-

cxeleba, intensiuri stresi da a.S.) sawinaaRmdegod warmatebiT SeiZleba

moTelvis gamoyeneba. amasTan, moTelvis specialuri varjiSebi unda

SearCion sportsmenis guneba-ganwyobis mixedviT (varjiSebis xasiaTis,

tempis, xangrZlivobis gaTvaliswinebiT). arsebobs aRmgznebi da

damamSvidebeli fizikuri varjiSebi.

sportuli Sejibrebis gamo, misi sazeimo elferi, myvirela

aWrelebuli trensparantebi da lozungebi, xmauriani, tempiani musika da

a.S. aRmgzneb gavlenas axdens Sejibrebis monawileebze da damatebiT

stresorebad gadaiqceva. aseTi stresorebi dadebiT gavlenas axdens im

sportsmenebze, romlebsac daqveiTebuli aqvT stresis intensivoba da

piriqiT,sportsmenis damSvidebis, dawynarebis mizniT saWiroa garemodan

misi gancalkeveba, damamSvidebeli (mwvane, cisferi) feris sagnis cqera,

lamaz, myudro situaciaSi (tyeSi, parkSi da a.S.) gaseirneba.

aRgznebuli emociuri mdgomareobis regulireba SesaZlebelia

specialuri sunTqviTi varjiSebiT, romlebic iTvaliswinebs garkveuli

droiT sunTqvis Sekavebas. proceduris Catarebis dros sportsmeni

SeiZleba idges, ijdes an iwves.

magaliTisaTvis movitanT cnobili kanadeli specialistis

persivalis sam varjiSs:

varjiSi 1. es varjiSi jdomiT an woliT mdgomareobaSi sruldeba.

SevisunTqoT Rrmad da sunTqva SevaCeroT, amave dros msubuqad davZaboT

mTeli sxeulis kunTebi (sunTqva SeCerebulia, sanam kunTebi daZabulia).

sunTqva Sewyvetilia 5-6 wamiT. amovisunTqoT nela da TandaTan

movdundeT. es varjiSi unda gavimeoroT 9-10-jer ise, rom sunTqvis

SeCerebis dro TandaTan izrdebodes.

varjiSi 2. zurgze woliT mdgomareobaSi fexebi movxaroT iatakidan

terfebis moucvlelad, Rrmad SevisunTqoT da muxlebi mWidrod

SevaerToT. am mdgomareobaSi ramdenime wamiT Seyovnebis Semdeg nela

amovisunTqoT, kunTebis modunebiT muxlebi ganze gavSaloT. yuradReba

unda mivaqcioT imas, rom muxlebi modunebulad “vardebodes” ganze.

varjiSi 3. woliT mdgomareobaSi ramdenadme neli tampiT Rrmad,

dauZabavad SevisunTqoT. SesunTqvisas msubuqad davZaboT yvela kunTi.

amosunTqvisas vecadoT sruli moduneba. varjiSi grZeldeba 2-3 wuTs.

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6. autogenuri wvrTna

cnobilia, rom sportuli Sejibrebis wina periodSi, gansakuTrebiT

startis win, sxvadasxva tipis sportsmenebi sxvadasxvagvarad avlenen

TavianT pirovnebas, fsiqikur mdgomareobas, saxeldobr, emociur sferos.

zog sportsmens sasicocxlo Zalebi uqveiTdeba, depresis grZnobs, zogi

aRigzneba da a.S. aseeTi Secvlili fsiqologiuri mdgomareoba, cxadia

gavlenas axdens sportsmenis SesaZleblobebis gamovlenaze. erT

SemTxvevaSi es gavlena dadebiTi xasiaTisaa, meore SemTxvevaSi –

uaryofiTi. aseTi viTarebis gamo udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba

fsiqologiuri mdgomareobis gamovlenas, misi bunebis dadgenas da

startis win sportsmenze iseTi fsiqologiuri xasiaTiszemoqmedebas,

romlis mizani iqneba misi pirovnuli Zalebis nebismieri regulireba.

autogenuri wvrTnis safuZveli TviTSTagonebaa. misi mravali

varianti arsebobs, romelTagan Cven veyrdnobiT sportisaTvis

specialurad SemuSavebuls. igi Sedgeba ori nawilisagan –

damamSvidebeli da mamobilizebeli. mobilizaciaSi igulisxmeba rogorc

irganizmis saerTo tonusis aweva, aseve startze sportsmenis qcevis

organizacia.

autogenur wvrTnas regularulad unda warmarTavdes kvalificiuri

specialisti 14-15 dRis manZilze (yoveldRiurad 2-3-jer). rogorc wesi,

pirvel mecadineobebs win unda uswrebdes saubrebi autogenuri wvrTnis

bunebis, misi mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb. seansebs atareben rogorc

individualurad, ise jgufurad 4-6 (araumetes 10-12) adamianTan.

autogenuri wvrTnis mecadineobebi unda aigos nebayoflobiT safuZvelze.

autogenuri wvrTnis yvela formula iyofa: 1. formulad, romelic

iwvevs kunTur modunebas da damSvidebas; 2. formulad, romelic iwvevs

naTel, xatovan warmodgenebs, rac zemoqmedebas axdens fsiqikur

mdgomareobaze.

autogenuri wvrTnis dros sportsmeni SeiZleba zurgze iwves an

ijdes savrZelSi, divanze, skamze, taburetze da a.S. aseTi mdgomareoba

yvela jgufis kunTebis maqsimalurad modunebis pirobas qmnis.

mdgomareoba 1. zurgze woliT mdgomareobaSi yvelaze xelsayrelia.

saWiroa taxtze, sawolze leibze da a.S. gamarTuli wola, Tavi unda

ekavoT pirdapir, TavqveS amodebuli hqondeT patara baliSi (an misi

Semcveli – muTaqa, dakecili sabani da a.S.). aseTi mdgomareoba kisris

kunTebis daZabulobas anelebs. kidurebi winamxris (idayvis) saxsarSi

odnav moxrili aqvT, xelisgulebi barZayebs ar exeba, fexebi gamarTulia

da odnav gaSlili (20 sm manZiliT). zeda da qveda kidurebis aseTi

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mdgomareoba xels uwyobs momxreli da gamSleli kunTebis tonusis

gawonasworebas, yvela kunTis modunebas.

mdgomareoba 2. divanze, savarZelze da a.S. modunebulad

moxerxebuli jdomi, fexebi gamarTulia, Tavi ukan odnav gadaxrili,

divanis an savarZlis sazurgeze moxerxebulad miyrdnobili zeda

kidurebi moxrilia 450-iani kuTxiT. idayvebi dabjenilia savarZlis

(divanis da a.S.) saxelurebze.

mdgomareoba 3. skamze, taburetze, divanze da a.S. jdomSi qveda

kidurebis muxlis saxsarSi moxra swor kuTxemde. am dros terfebi odnav

mimarTulia gareT, mklavebi moxrilia, winamxrebi eyrdnoba barZayebs

(xelebi erTmaneTs ar exeba). weli moxrilia, Tavi odnav daxrili, mTeli

sxeuli modunebuli.

pirveli mecadineobaze mTavaria sportsmens Seuqmnan yuradRebis

maqsimaluri koncentrirebis pirobebi, aRkveTon gareSe gamaRezianeblebi

(xmauri, kakuni, radios da televizoris xma da a.S.), romlebic, SesaZloa,

gamaRezianeblebze yuradRebis gadarTvis mizezad gadaiqcnen. sportsmenma

unda daxuWos Tavlebi da yuradRebiT usminos, ecados naTlad

warmoadginos yvelaferi is, ris Sesaxebac elaparakebian. sawyis etapze

xelmZRvaneli varjiSebs xsnis xmamaRla, Tanabari, monotonuri,

darwmunebuli kiloTi.

mogvyavs autogenuri wvrTnis varjiSTa sistema:

1. vgrZnob simSvides,

vgrZnob Zlier simSvides,

yuradRebas ar vaqcev aCqarebas;

vTavisufldebi Sinagani daZabulobisagan;

vdundebi;

2. CemTvis yvelaferi sul erTia;

axla yvelaferi Cems gareTaa;

vgrZnob simSvides;

vdundebi;

irgvliv yvelaferi Soreulia da umniSvnelo;

vuRrmavdebi Sinagan simSvides;

3. yvela Cemi azri mimarTulia simSvidisaken;

savsebiT mSvidad var;

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xels araferi miSlis;

simSvide da wonasworoba mavsebs;

arafers vakeTeb, srulebiT arafers; dae, yvelaferi

damSviddes;

veZlevi simSvides, wonasworobas, modunebas;

Cems irgvliv simSvidea;

simSvide mmijnavs yvelafrisagan;

sruliad marto var, Cemi Sinagani simSvidiT aRsavse;

4. vaduneb marjvena zeda kiduris kunTebs;

marjvena zeda kiduri mZimea;

mkveTrad vgrZnob marjvena zeda kiduris simZimes;

marjvena zeda kiduri sul ufro mZimdeba;

igi tyviasaviT mZimea;

marjvena zeda kiduri Zalian mZimea;

ar SemiZlia avwio;

5. vaduneb marcxena zeda kiduris kunTebs;

marcxena zeda kiduri mZimea;

mkveTrad vgrZnob marcxena zeda kiduris simZimes;

marcxena zeda kiduri sul ufro mZimdeba;

igi tyviasaviT mZimea;

marcxena zeda kiduri Zalian mZimea;

ar SemiZlia avwio;

6. vaduneb marjvena qveda kiduris kunTebs;

marjvena qveda kiduri mZimea;

mkveTrad vgrZnob marjvena qveda kiduris simZimes;

marjvena qveda kiduri sul ufro mZimdeba;

igi tyviasaviT mZimea;

marjvena qveda kiduri Zalian mZimea;

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marjvena qveda kiduri ukiduresad mZimea;

ar SemiZlia misi daZvra;

7. vaduneb marcxena qveda kiduris kunTebs;

marcxena qveda kiduri mZimea;

aSkarad vgrZnob marcxena qveda kiduris simZimes;

marcxena qveda kiduri sul ufro mZimdeba;

igi tyviasaviT mZimea;

marcxena qveda kiduri Zalian mZimea;

marcxena qveda kiduri ukiduresad mZimea;

ar SemiZlia misi daZvra;

8. vaduneb muclis kunTs;

muclis kunTebi rbilia;

vaduneb gul-mkerdis kunTebs;

vsunTqav Tavisuflad

vaduneb saxis kunTebs;

mkveTrad vgrZnob saxis kunTebis modunebas;

Subli gadatkecilia da mTlianad swori;

qveda tuCi CamoSvebulia;

quTuToebi tyviasaviT damZimda;

mTeli sxeuli mTlianad modunebuli da moSvebulia;

mTeli sxeuli ise mZimea, rogorc qviSiT savse tomara;

9. marjvena zeda kidurze miedineba siTbos talRa;

aRwevs mtevnis TiTebamde ;

siTbom moicva marjvena zeda kiduri ;

igi gadadis kanze ;

aSkarad vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos mTlianad marjvena

zeda kidurSi;

10. marcxena zeda kidurze miedineba siTbos talRa;

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aRwevs mtevnis TiTebamde;

siTbom moicva marcxena zeda kiduri;

igi gadadis kanze;

aSkarad vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos mTlianad marcxena

zeda kidurSi;

11. marjvena zeda kidurze miedineba siTbos talRa ;

aRwevs ceramde ;

siTbo avsebs mTel marjvena qveda kidurs ;

igi gadadis kanze ;

aSkarad vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos mTlianad marjvena

qveda kidurSi;

12. marcxena qveda kiduris terfamde miedineba siTbos talRa ;

siTbom moicva mTeli marcxena qveda kiduri;

igi gadadis kanze;

aSkarad vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos mTlianad marcxena

qveda kidurSi;

13. vgrZnob siTbos, siTbos talRas, romelic moedineba

mzis wnulidan ;

siTbos talRa mzis wnulidan vrceldeba mTlianad

mucelze;

muceli siTboTia savse;

muclis RruSi vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos;

siTbo aRwevs gul-mkerdis RruSi;

gul-mkerdis RruSi vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos;

gul-mkerdis Rru savsea sasiamovno siTboTi;

14. siTbos vgrZnob mTlianad sxeulSi;

mTeli Cemi sxeuli aRsavsea sasiamovno siTboTi;

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mTel sxeulSi vgrZnob Sinagan siTbos;

aSkarad ganvicdi sasiamovno siTbos mTel sxeulSi;

sxeuli ise Tbilad maqvs, rogorc Zalze Tbil

abazanaSi;

15. kargad var; Tavs msubuqad da Tavisuflad vgrZnob;

sruliad mSvidad var;

guli Tanabrad da mSvidad micems;

Tavisuflad vsunTqav;

Subli sasiamovnod grili maqvs;

Sublze vgrZnob sasiamovno sigriles;

kargad var, kargad var.

1-3 formulas imeoreben samjer, 4-14-s waikiTxaven orjer. 3-4 dRis

ganmavlobaSi yovel mecadineobas, Tu mas Zilis win atareben, Semdegi

formuliT amTavreben:

simZimis gancda sruliad qreba;

vgrZnob, rogor mevseba sxeuli Zal-RoniT;

ganvicdi simxneves;

vsunTqav Rrmad;

Zalas vikreb, vizmorebi;

vaxel Tvalebs.

3-4 dRis varjiSis Semdeg (12-15 varjiSoba) SeiZleba isargeblon

damamSvidebeli nawilis Sekvecili variantiT. Sekveca xdeba im

formulebze uaris TqmiT, romlebSic laparakia etapobriv modunebasa an

gaTbobaze. damamSvidebeli nawilis Sekvecili varianti aseTia;

1. vgrZnob simSvides;

vgrZnob Rrma simSvides;

vdundebi;

2. yvela Cemi azri mimarTulia simSvidisaken;

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sruliad marto var Cemi Sinagani simSvidiT.

3. vaduneb zeda kidurebis kunTebs;

kidurebi sul ufro da ufro Tbili xdeba;

naTlad vgrZnob cxel siTbos zeda kidurebSi.

4. vaduneb qveda kidurebis kunTebis;

qveda kidurebi sul ufro da ufro Tbili xdeba;

naTlad vgrZnob siTbos qveda kidurebSi.

5. muclisa da gul-mkerdis RruSi vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos.

6. naTlad vgrZnob sasiamovno siTbos mTlianad sxeulSi.

7. kargad var;

8. savsebiT mSvidad var;

kargad var.

es varianti saWiroebs araumetes 3-4 wuTisa. autogenuri wvrTnis

kargad dauflebis Semdeg SeiZleba gadavidnen ufro Semoklebul

variantze:

1. mSvidad vwevar, Tavs kargad vgrZnob;

2. quTuToebi mimZimdeba;

3. TandaTanobiT mereva Zili;

4. Zili Zlier mereva;

5. viZineb . . . daviZine.

damamSvidebeli nawilis dauflebis Semdeg gadadian mamobilizebeli

nawilis Seswavlaze. mamobilizebel formulebs warmoTqvamen, rodesac

sportsmeni gadava Zalisebr mdgomareobaSi, gamoeTiSeba gare samyaros da

damSviddeba. mobilizaciis formulis Tanamimdevroba aseTia:

1. msubuq Jruantels vgrZnob;

2. Cemi mdgomareoba hgavs grili Sxapis miRebis Semdgom

mdgomareobas;

3. yvela kunTi miTavisufgldeba simZimisa da modunebis

SegrZnebisagan;

4. kunTebi msubuqad miwyebs caxcaxs;

5. Jruanteli sul ufro matulobs;

6. Tavi da kefa micivdeba;

7. tanze TiTqos WianWvelebma gamirbines;

8. kani xorkliani gamixda;

9. xelisgulebi da terfebi micivdeba;

10. sunTqva Rrmaa da xSiri;

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11. guli micems Zlierad, energiulad xSirad;

12. Jruanteli ufro gamiZlierda;

13. yvela kunTi msubuqia, mkvrivi da Zlieri;

14. ufro da ufro mxned var; 15. Tvalebs vaxel;

16. viyurebi daZabulad, uaRresad koncentrirebulad;

17. sasiamovnod aRgznebuli var;

18. energiiT savse var;

19. ise var, rogorc zambara; 20. mTlianad mobilizebuli var;

21. mzad var moqmedebisTvis. aRniSnul formulebs kiTxuloben ufro energiulad, vidre

damamSvidebel formulebs, raTa seansis bolosTvis emociuri

zemoqmedeba gaZlierdes.

autogenuri wvrTnis damoukideblad Catarebis mizniT

mizanSewonilia aRniSnuli formulebis magnitofonis firze Cawera da

misi gamoyeneba saxlSi, Sejibrebaze da a.S., rac, cxadia, gazrdis

autogenuri wvrTnis efeqtianobas.

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თავი VIII

Sejibrebis organizacia da Catareba

8.1. Sejibrebis roli da mniSvneloba sportuli ostatobis donis amaRlebaSi

ori urTierTdakavSirebuli movlenis _ sportuli wvrTnisa da

Sejibrebis ganxilvas Zalze didi gamoyenebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs

sportuli daostatebis mTeli procesis swori orientaciisa da

agebisaTvis.

Sejibreba, rogorc movlena, wvrTnaze adre Seiqmna. agamomdinare,

Tu mas ganvixilavT rogorc kategorias, is pirveladia,wvrTna ki _

meoradi. amitom meTodurad gamarTlebulad SeiZleba miviCnioT sawvrTno

procesis is ZiriTadi pirobebi da moTxovnebi, romlebic ganapirobeben

xelburTSi saSejibro moRvaweobis kanonzomierebaTa Secnobas, es

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania imitomac, rom Sejibreba sportsmenis

moRvaweobaSi yovelTvis kulminaciuri momentia, is dakavSirebulia

sportsmenis fizikuri da sulieri Zalebis maqsimalur daZabulobasTan.

Mmxolod sportuli orTabrZolis eqstremalur pirobebSi SeiZleba

gamovlindes sportsmenis saimedooba da simtkice. swored es pirobebia

xelburTelebis gawvrTnilobisa da misi funqciuri SesaZleblobebis

mdgradobis ZiriTadi stimulatori.

zemoTqmulidan naTlad Cans, rom wvrTnis efeqturobis amaRleba

SesaZlebelia, Tu gavyvebiT sportuli moRvaweobis Taviseburebebisa da

kanonzomierebebis Semecnebis swor gzas.

wvrTnis mravalwliani procesi da SejibrebebSi sistematuri

monawileoba xelburTelis organizmSi garkveul morfofunqcionalur

cvlilebebs iwvevs. TviT Sejibrebis pirobebi (mayurebeli, sazeimo

rituali, koleqtivis winaSe pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba, sportuli

paeqrobis ukiduresi simZafre) sportsmenis organizmis fsiqikur-

fiziologiuri funqciebis Zlieri stimulatoria.

sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom sportsmenebi sarekordo Sedegebs,

rogorc wesi, avlenen Sejibrebebis da ara wvrTnis dros, Tumca axali

miRwevebisaken orientacia potenciurad sawvrTno procesis mimdinareobis

dros iqmneba.

Tanamedrove sportis TeoriaSi sainteresoa ori sakiTxi: rogori

kavSirurTierTobani uwyobs xels sportsmenebs Sejibrebis dros

fsiqomotorikis ukidures mobilizaciaSi; ra aris is damatebiTi

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gamaRezianeblebi, romelic ase ganasxvavebs wvrTnis process

Sejibrebisagan.

aseTi gamaRezianebeli TviT Sejibrebis procesia. amasTan, rac

ufro principulia sportuli paeqroba, miT ufro Zlieria sportsmenis

emociuri aRgznebuloba, misi fsiqikuri daZabuloba da fizikuri

datvirTvis done.

sportuli Sejibreba, rogorc aRvniSneT, maRalkvalificiuri

sportsmenis momzadebis ZiriTadi saSualebaa, romelic saSejibro

pirobebis zegavlenis Sedegad gaZlierebuli emociuri daZabulobiT

qmnis gansakuTrebul fons, rac xels uwyobs sportsmenis organizmis

funqciuri SesaZleblobebis maqsimalur gamovlenas.

didia Sejibrebis roli sportsmenis nebisyofisa da xasiaTis

CamoyalibebaSi. Sxvadasxva rangis saerTaSoriso SejibrebebSi

monawileobis gamocdileba sportsmens saSualebas aZlevs aCvenos maRali

da, amasTan, stabiluri Sedegebi.

arsebobs pirdapiri damokidebuleba SejibrebaSi monawileobis raodenobriv maCvenebelsa da sportsmenis teqnikuri, taqtikuri, fizikuri da nebelobiTi momzadebis donis amaRlebas Soris. Rac ufro met SejibrebaSi monawileobs sportsmeni, miT ufro maRldeba misi ostatobis done. yovelive es ganapirobebs Sejibrebis farTod gamoyenebis aucileblobas.

SejibrebaTa raodenoba damokidebulia sportsmenis momzadebis doneze. rac ufro maRalia misi, kvalifikacia, miT ufro xSirad monawileobs is sxvadasxva rangis SejibrebebSi.

8.2. Sejibrebis saxeebi, maTi dajgufeba, Sejibrebis debuleba

xelburTSi Semdegi saxis Sejibrebebs atareben: pirvelobas, anu Cempionats, Sejibrebas Tasze, samatCo Sexvedras, gamaTanabrebel Sejibrebas, sakvalifikacio Sejibrebas, SesarCev Sejibrebas, anu pretedentTa turnirs, anu elvisebur Sejibrebas (blic-turniri), saCvenebel Sexvedras.

Sejibrebebi SeiZleba iyos kalendaruli da amxanaguri.

pirveloba anu Cempionati . aseTi saxis Sejibreba yvelaze ufro pasuxsagebia. is erTaderTia, romlis Sedegebis mixedviT gamarjvebul gunds Cempionis tituli eniWeba. Cempionati weliwadSi araumetes erTxel tardeba.

Sejibreba TaszeCempionatis Semdeg rangiT meore Sejibrebaa. misi mizania SejibrebaSi Caabas rac SeiZleba meti monawile da gamoavlinos gamarjvebuli. Tasze SejibrebaSi daiSveba nebismieri donis gundi. Tasis

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gaTamaSeba mimdinareobs saukeTesos TandaTanobiT SerCevis principiT. Sejibreba tardeba SedarebiT mokle droSi.

samatCo Sexvedras gegmaven calkeul gundebs an ramdenime gunds Soris. samatCo Sexvedra, Cveulebriv, kalendriTaa gaTvaliswinebuli da xSirad tradiciul xasiaTs atarebs.

sakontrolo Sexvedras atareben SejibrebisaTvis gundebis mzadyofnis Sesamowmeblad.

gamaTanabrebel Sejibrebasatareben momzadebis sxvadasxva donis mqone gundebis monawileobiT imitom, rom Zlieri da susti gundebis Sexvedrebma ar dakargos sportuli interesi. ufro sust gundebs jer kidev TamaSis dawyebis win aZleven qulaTa winaswar daTqmul raodenobas (foras). gamaTanabrebeli Sejibreba SeiZleba Catardes or an ramodenime gunds Soris.

saklasifikacio Sejibrebis mizania gundebis sportuli momzadebis donis gasinjva.

SesarCevi Sejibrebis anu pretedentTa turniris mizania gamoavlinos uZlieresi gundi ufro didi masStabebis SejibrebebSi monawileobisaTvis.

erTdRian anu elvisebur Sejibrebas (blic-turnirs) atareben erT dReSi ramodenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi. aseT Sejibrebebs gegmaven dResaswaulebis dReebSi sportul sezonis gaxsnis da daxurvis dros.

Sejibrebis mokle droSi Casatareblad TamaSis dro mcirdeba (20 wuTi, ori taimi 10-10 wuTi, Sesvenebis gareSe).

saCvenebeli Sexvedra xelburTis popularizacias emsaxureba. aseTi saxis Sejibreba xels uwyobs xalxis farTo masebs sakuTari TvaliT naxon uZlieresi gunebi.

kalendaruli Sejibreba dadgenilia kalendaruli gegmiT. Sedegebi aseTi saxis Sejibrebaze oficialuria.

amxanaguri Sejibreba, romelsac xSirad atareben, emsaxureba saswavlo sawvrTno gegmis ganxorcielebas.

SejibrebaTa dajgufeba. Sejibrebis yvela saxe oTx jgufad iyofa:

I. ZiriTadi Sejibreba; II. damxmare anu mimyvani Sejibreba; III. saklasifikacio Sejibreba; IV. saaggitacio-masobrivi Sejibreba.

I. ZiriTadi Sejibrebis jgufSi Sedis: 1. pirveloba anu Cempionati; 2. Sejibreba Tasze.

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swored Sejibrebebis am saxeebis saSualebiT xorcieldeba mTeli wlis saswavlo-sawvrTno muSaobis Sejameba da Cempionis an gamarjvebulis gamovlena.

II. damxmare anu SesarCevi Sejibrebebis jgufSi Sedis: 1. samaTCo Sexvedra ; 2. sakontrolo Sexvedra ; 3. gamaTanabrebeli Sejibreba.

III. sakvalifikacio anu SesarCevi Sejibrebebis jgufSi Sedis :

1. sakvalifikacio Sejibreba ; 2. SesarCevi anu pretedentTa turniri.

IV. saagitacio-masobrivi Sejibrebebis jgufSi Sedis :

1. erTdRiani Sejibreba ; 2. saCvenebeli Sexvedra.

Sejibrebis debuleba. Sejibrebis warmatebiT Catareba bevrad aris damokidebuli mis guldasmiT momzadebaze. mTeli mosamzadebeli samuSao SeiZleba pirobiTad davyoT sam etapad : 1. dokumentaciis Sedgena ; 2. Sejibrebis adgilis momzadeba ; 3. Sejibrebis monawileebTan muSaoba ;

nebismieri rangis SejibrebisTvis mzadeba iwyeba debulebis SedgeniT, romelic kalendaruli gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli TariRebis Sesabamisad muSavdeba. Sejibrebis debuleba rogorc organizaciuli, ise meToduri dokumentia, romelic ZiriTadad gansazRvravs saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis mimarTulebas winasaSejibro momzadebis procesSi. Sejibrebis debulebas adgens Camterebeli organizacia, romelic valdebulia winaswar daugzavnos igi monawile gundebs.

Sejibrebis debuleba unda Seicavdes konkretulad da gasagebad Camoyalibebul Semdeg punqtebs :

1. mizani da amocanebi. Sejibrebis mizani (saswavlo-sawvrTno muSaobis Sedegebis Sejameba, uZlieresi moTamaSeebisa da gundebis gamovlena, xelburTis popularizacia da a.S.). damokidebulia mis saxesa da masStaburobaze ;

2. Sejibrebis Catarebis dro da adgili. aRniSnuli unda iyos baza da qalaqi, sadac Catardeba esa Tu is Sejibreba,miTiTebuli unda iyos Catarebis vadebi ;

3. Sejibrebis xelmZRvaneloba. aRiniSneba Sejibrebis Camtarebeli da xelmZRvaneli, miTiTebuli unda iyos msajTa kolegia da vis mier aris igi damtkicebuli ;

4. Sejibrebis monawileebi. aRniSnuli unda iyos Sejibrebaze daSvebuli gundebis raodenoba da maTi dasaxeleba, ganacxadSi Sesayvan sportsmenTa maqsimaluri raodenoba, monawileTa asaki da kvalifikacia ;

5. Sejibrebis pirobebi. mocemuli unda iyos gaTamaSebis sistemebi da Sedegebis Sefasebis wesi gamarjvebuli gundis gamosavlenad ;

6. protestis Setanisa da ganxilvis wesi ;

177

7. monawileTa da gundebis dajildoeba. am punqtSi aRniSnuli unda iyos riT jildovdeba gamarjvebuli da saprizo adgilze gasuli gundebi;

8. gundebis miRebis pirobebi. miTiTebuli unda iyos damfinansebeli organizacia, gundebis Camosvlisa da wasvlis TariRi, monawileTa dabinavebisa da kvebis pirobebi;

9. ganacxadis forma da misi wardgenis vada; 10. kenWisyris (wilisyris) dro da adgili; 11. Sejibrebis gansakuTrebili pirobebi: gundebis SemadgenlobaSi

tanmaRali moTamaSeebis raodenobis gansazRvra da maTi saTamaSo dro, dacviTi sistemis (presingis) gansazRvra, Sejibrebaze dasaSvebi sakontrolo normativebis Cabarebis pirobebi da sxva.

debulebis Sedgenis Semdeg SeimuSaveben Sejibrebis xarjTaRricxvas, romlis safuZvelzec Camtarebeli organizacia gamoyofs fulad saxsrebs. xarjTaRricxvis Sedgenis dros unda aRniSnon:

1. Sejibrebis dasaxeleba; 2. Sejibrebis Catarebis dro da adgili; 3. monawileebisa da msajebis raodenoba, maTi sacxovreblis, kvebis

da mgzavrobis xarj; 4. Sejibrebis adgilis saarendo xarji; 5. satransporto xarji; 6. Sejibrebis mxatvrulad gaformebis xarji; 7. sakancelario xarjebi; 8. momsaxure personalis (eqimi, medda, muSa) xarjebi.

yvela rangis Sejibrebis Casatareblad niSnaven mTavar msajsa da mdivnas. garda amisa, didi masStabis SejibrebebisTvis mzadebis dros qmnian saorganizacio komitets 5-7 kacis SemadgenlobiT. es komiteti saorganizacio muSaobas uSualod Sejibrebis adgilze atarebs.

saorganizacio komitetis ZiriTadi amocanebia:

1. Sejibrebis adgilis da mowyobilobebis SerCeva; 2. inventaris momzadeba; 3. monawileTa da msajebis sacxovrebeli adgilis SerCeva da kvebis

organizacia; 4. sawvrTno adgilis momzadeba; 5. Sejibrebis samdivnos dakomfleqteba; 6. radio, televiziis da gazeTebis saSualebiT cnobebisa da

gancxadebebis gakeTeba Sejibrebis mniSvnelobis, masSi monawile gundebis da calkeuli moTamaSeebis, Sejibrebis Catarebis droisa da adgilis Sesaxeb.

aucilebelia presis muSakebTan sistematuri kontaqtis damyareba

Sejibrebis mimdinareobis yoveldRiurad gaSuqebis mizniT, Sejibrebis

afiSebis, programebis, monawileTa bileTebis da sxva biuletenis

gamoSvebis organizeba, Sjibrebis adgilis sazeimod gaformeba,

plakatebi, cxrilebi da radioficireba.

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Sejibrebis monawileebTan muSaoba iTvaliswinebs : 1. monawileTa

miRebas da sacxovrebelSi mowyobas; 2. samandato komisiis miSaobas (es

komisia Sejibrebaze dasaSveb sportsmenTa vinaobas adgens); 3.

warmomadgenelTa da msajTa kolegiis TaTbiri.

monawileTa miRebas da maT mowyobas xelmZRvanelobs

saorganizacio komitetis romelime warmomadgeneli. aeroportebsa da

rkinigzis sadgurSi aucileblad gamokruli unda iyos gancxadebebi,

romelebSic miTiTebuli iqneba gundebis sacxovrebeli adgilebis

misamarTi da telefoni. Tu muSaobs Sejibrebis Stabi, misi telefonis

miTiTebac aucilebelia.

mizanSewonilia, rom monawileebi da msajebi cal-calke

cxovrobdnen.

Sejibrebaze monawileTa daSvebis sakiTxs, rogorc aRvniSneT,

wyvets samandato komisia, romelSic Sejibrebis mTavari eqimic Sedis.

monawileTa daSvebaze pasuxismgebloba akisria mTavar msajs,

mTavar eqimsa da samandato komisiis warmomadgenels.

Sejibrebis dagegmva . sportuli Sejibrebis dagegmva

centralizebuli xasiaTisaa. sportis saxelmwifo departamenti adgens

erTian kalendarul gegmas 4 weliwadze olimpiuri TamaSebis Catarebis

TariRis gaTvaliswinebiT.

sportis adgilobrivi saxelmwifo organoebi sportuli Sejibrebis

gegmebs adgenen teritoriuli principiT (respublika, olqi, qalaqi,

raioni), sauwyebo da nebayoflobiTi sportuli organizaciebi ki –

sauwyebo principiT. am SemTxvevaSi Sejibrebebis dagegmva xorcieldeba

respublikis sportuli kalendris gaTvaliswinebiT. Sejibrebis

kalendaruli gegma mecnierulad dasabuTebuli unda iyos, rac xels

uwyobs xelburTis ganviTarebis Semdgom aRmavlobas.

8.3. Sejibrebis Catarebis sistemebi

Sejibreba warmoadgens saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis gagrZelebas.

xelburTSi miRebulia Sejibrebis Catarebis sami saxeoba: wriuli,

gamoTiSviTi da Sereuli. Sejibrebis ama Tu im sistemis SerCeva

damokidebulia Sejibrebis amocanebze, sportuli bazis mdgomareobaze,

moTamaSeTa momzadebis doneze, monawile gundebis raodenobaze,

Catarebis vadebze da a.S.

wriuli sistema. Sejibrebis wriuli sistemiT Catarebis principi

imaSi mdgomareobs, rom yvela gundi xvdeba erTmaneTs, rac ara marto

gamarjvebuls avlens, aramed Sejibrebis monawile yvela gundis mier

179

dakavebul adgilsac. wriuli sistemis ZiriTadi nakli is aris, rom

Sejibrebis Catareba did dros moiTxovs. Sejibrebebs wriuli sistemiT

atareben TiTo Sexvedrebis (mimosvliT), turebisa da turnirebis saxiT.

Sejibrebebi mimosvliT, rogorc wesi, tardeba rigrigobiT sakuTar

da metoqis moedanze.

xelburTSi yvelaze metad gavrcelebulia Sejibrebebis Catareba

turebad. am SemTxvevaSi gundebi iyofian ramodenime jgufad (es

damokidebulia gundebis raodenobaze) da atareben TamaSs erT adgilas

ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi. erTi Sejibreba SeiZleba Sedgebodes

ramodenime turisagan. Sejibrebis aseTi sistemiT Catareba

mizanSewonilia monawile gundebis teritoriuli gafantulobis

SemTxvevaSi. aq naklovanebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos is, rom gundebi

moklebulni arian SesaZleblobas iTamaSon TavianT qalaqebSi, sakuTar

moedanze.

Sejibrebis yvelaze ufro kompaqturi saxea turniri. igi Cveulebriv

tardeba erT adgilas ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi. kalendaruli

TamaSebi imarTeba yoveldRiurad dasvenebis dReebis garda.

Sejibrebebis wriuli sistemiT Casatareblad TamaSebis kalendari

SeiZleba Sedges sxvadasxva saxiT. amisaTvis aucilebelia:

1. warmodgenili ganacxadebis safuZvelze dadgindes SejibrebebSi

monawile gundebis raodenoba;

2. ganisazRvros Sejibrebis CatarebisTvis saWiro kalendarul

dReTa raodenoba. unda vicodeT, rom SejibrebaSi kenti ricxvis

gundebis monawileobis SemTxvevaSi kalendaruli dReebis raodenoba

iqneba imdeni, ramdeni gundic monawileobs SejibrebaSi, xolo luwi

raodenobis gundebis monawileobis dros ki kalendaruli dReebis

raodenoba yvela SemTxvevaSi erTiT naklebia monawile gundebis

raodenobaze (magaliTad, YTu SejibrebaSi monawileobs 7 gundi,

TamaSebis Casatareblad saWiro iqneba 7 dRe, xolo Tu monawileTa

ricxvia 8 an 10, TamaSebis Casatareblad saWiro iqneba Sesabamisad 7 an 9

dRe);

3. ganisazRvros cxrili, romlis meSveobiTac Sedgeba TamaSebis

kalendari;

4. Catardes gundebis wilisyra ;

gundebis wilisyra. wilisyris ZiriTadi daniSnulebaa, rom

monawile gundebs mieceT garkveuli nomrebi, romelTa saSualebiTac

xdeba TamaSebis kalendris Sedegna.wilisyris Catarebis win cxaddeba, Tu

180

rogori sqemiT iqneba Sedgenili TamaSebis kalendari. wilisyra SeiZleba

iyos saerTo (e.i. wili eyaros yvel gunds) an moxdes gundebis ganTesva

siZlieris mixedviT . rodesac gaTamaSebis sistemis mixedviT yalibdeba

ramdenime qvejgufi, TiTqmis yovelTvis mimarTaven gundebis ganTesvis

meTods. es saSualebas iZleva Seiqmnas erTnairi siZlieris ramodenime

qvejgufi. xelburTSi miRebulia ganTesvis ori varianti: wilisyriT da

e.w. “zmeikiT”. Cveulebriv, gundebis ganTesvisas xelmZRvaneloben

gundebis mier wina sezonSi naCvenebi SedegebiT.

wilisyriT ganTesvis dros winaswar asaxeleben gundebis im

raodenobas, ramdeni qvejgufic aris da atareben wilisyras maT Soris.

magaliTad, SejibrebaSi monawileobs 12 gundi, qvejgufebis raodenoba ki

samia. am 12 gundidan iReben pirvel sam uZlieres gunds da wilisyris

Sedegad anawileben qvejgufebSi, Semdeg momdevno sam uZlieres gunds

da a.S.

ganTesvis wesebi, Tu rogor unda Catardes igi, aregulirebs

Sejibrebis Catarebis debuleba. e.w. “zmeikiT” ganTesvis SemTxvevaSi

Sejibrebis monawile yvela gundis eZleva nomeri wina sezonSi

dakavebuli adgilis mixedviT. Semdeg isini e.w. “zmeikis” saxiT

nawildebian. magaliTisTvis, 12 gundze ori qvejgufisTvis am variantiT

gundebis ganawileba ixileT naxazze:

1 2

4 3

5 6

8 7

9 10

12 11

181

pirobiTad marcxena mxare iqneba “a”, romelSic moxvdnen #1, #4, #5,

#8, #9 da #12 gundebi, xolo marjvena mxare iqneba qvejgufi “b”, #2, #3,

#6, #7, #10 da #11 gundebi.

ganTesvis aseTi varianti orive qvejgufSi Tavs uyris Tanabari

siZlieris gundebs. amis damadasturebelia qvejgufebSi ganawilebuli

gundebis nomrebis jami, romelic TiToeulSi udris 39-s.

qvemoT moviyvanT Sejibrebis Catarebis sqemas, damtkicebuls

xelburTis saerTaSoriso federaciis mier:

cxrili 3 da 4 gundebisTvis

Tu SejibrebaSi monawileobs sami gundi, yoveldRe isvenebs is

gundi, romelic frCxilebSi #4-is gaswvriv weria.

dReebi I II III IV V

(1-6) 1-5 1-4 1-3 1-2 2-5 (6-4) 5-3 4-2 (3-6) 3-4 2-3 (6-2) (5-6) 4-5

241 gverdis CaTvliT

Tu SjibrebaSi xuTi gundi monawileobs, yoveldRe isvenebs is

gundi, romelic frCxilebSi #6-is gaswvriv weria.

cxrili 7-8 gundisaTvis

d R e e b i I II III IV V VI VII

(1-8) 1-7 1-6 1-5 1-4 1-3 1-2 2-7 (8-6) 7-5 6-4 5-3 4-2 (3-8) 3-6 2-5 (8-4) 7-3 6-2 (5-8) 4-7

dReebi I II III

(1-4) 1-3 1-2 2-3 (4-2) (3-4)

182

4-5 3-4 2-3 (8-2) (7-8) 6-7 5-6

Tu SejibrebaSi Svidi gundi monawileobs, yoveldRe isvenebs is

gundi, romelic frCxilebSi #8-is gaswvriv weria.

cxrili 9-10 gundisaTvis

d R e e b i I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

(1-10) 1-9 1-8 1-7 1-6 1-5 1-4 1-3 1-2 2-9 (10-8) 9-7 8-6 7-5 6-4 5-3 4-2 (3-10) 3-8 2-7 (10-6) 9-5 8-4 7-3 6-2 (5-10) 4-9 4-7 3-6 2-5 (10-4) 9-3 8-2 (7-10) 6-9 5-8 5-6 4-5 3-4 2-3 (10-2) (9-10) 8-9 7-8 6-7

Tu SejibrebaSi cxra gundi monawileobs, yoveldRe isvenebs is

gundi, romelic frCxilebSi #10-is gaswvriv weria.

cxrili 9-10 gundisaTvis

d R e e b i I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

(1-12) 1-11 1-10 1-9 1-7 1-7 1-6 1-5 1-4 1-3 1-2 2-11 (12-10) 11-9 10-8 9-7 8-6 7-5 6-4 5-3 4-2 3-12 3-10 2-9 (12-8) 11-7 10-6 9-5 8-4 7-3 6-2 (5-12) 4-11 4-9 3-8 2-7 (12-6) 11-5 10-4 9-3 8-2 (7-12) 6-11 5-10 5-8 4-7 3-6 2-5 (12-4) 11-3 10-2 (9-12) 8-11 7-10 6-9 6-7 5-6 4-5 3-4 2-3 (12-2) (11-12) 10-11 9-10 8-9 7-8

Tu SejibrebaSi 11 gundi monawileobs, yoveldRe isvenebs is gundi,

romelic frCxilebSi #12-is gaswvriv weria.

gamoTiSviTi sistema. am sistemiT gaTamaSeba tardeba gamoTiSviT

erTi an ori wagebis Semdeg. gamoTiSviTi sistemiT Sejibrebis Catarebas

aqvs rogorc dadebiTi, ise uaryofiTi mxareebi. nakli imaSi mdgomareobs,

rom wilisyris Sedegad SesaZlebelia gaTamaSebis pirvelsave etapze

erTmaneTs ori uZlieresi gundi Sexvdes da erT-erTi dasawyisSive

gamoeTiSos Sejibrebas. dadebiTi momenti ki is aris, rom Sejibrebis

Casatareblad naklebi droa saWiro.

gamoTiSviTi sistemiT gaTamaSebaSi monawileobis rigis

gansazRvrisaTvis winaswar unda Sedges cxrili (bade), romelSic

Setanili iqneba gaTamaSebaSi monawile yvela gundi. Tu monawile

183

gundebis raodenoba udris 2nxarisxSi (4, 8, 16, 32, 64 da a.S.), yvela gundi

TamaSs gaTamaSebis pirveli kalendaruli dRidanve iwyebs. pirvel turSi

erTmaneTs mezobeli nomrebis mqone gundebi xvdebian: pirveli _ meores,

mesame _ meoTzes, mexuTe _ meeqvses da a.S.

gaTamaSebis meore wreSi erTmaneTs xvdebian pirvel turSi

gamarjvebulebi da Sexvedrebi igive TanmimdevrobiT tardeba: pirvel

wyvilSi gamarjvebuli xvdeba meore wyvilSi gamarjvebuls, mesame

wyvilSi gamarjvebuli _ meoTxe wyvilSi gamarjvebuls da a.S.

Tu gundebis raodenoba rvas udris, unda Catardes sami aseTi turi.

pirvel turSi gamarjvebulebi erTmaneTs meore turSi xvdebian, meore

turSi gamarjvebulebi _ mesameSi da gaiTamaSeben finals.

Tu SejibrebaSi monawile gundebis raodenoba ar Seefardeba 2n

xarisxSi (e.i. ar aris 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 da a.S.), pirveli kalendaruli dRis

monawile gundebis raodenobis gansazRvrisaTvis sargebloben Semdegi

formuliT: (a-2n)*2=x, sadac a gundebis raodenobaa, n ki _ oris xarisxi, romelic iZleva monawile gundebis raodenobis uaxloes umcires ricxvs.

magaliTad, monawile gundebis raodenobaa 10. Ricxvi 2 ayvanil unda

iqnas iseT xarisxSi, rom uaxloesi ricxvi miuaxlovdes gundebis

raodenobas, e.i. 10-s. am SemTxvevaSi ricxvi ayvanil unda iqnas kubSi _

23=8. CavsvaT ricxvebi formulaSi da gavxsnaT frCxilebi:

x=(a-2n)*2+(10-8)*2=2*2=4

amrigad, pirvel kalendarul dRes aTi gundidan iTamaSebs 4 gundi,

6 ki asparezobaSi Caebmeba meore dRidan. pirvel kalendarul dRes

TamaSobs is oTxi gundi, romelic kenWisyris Tanaxmad SuaTana nomrebi

ergoT (nax. 79), e.i. NN4, 5, 6 da 7.

naxazi 79

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

184

10

Tu gundebis raodenoba kentia pirvel kalendarul dResTamaSoben

is gundebi, romlebsac aseve SuaTana nomrebi aqvT. gundebis darCenili

kenti raodenoba SejibrebaSi ebmeba meore kalendaruli dRidan. es

gundebi cxrilSi ganlagdebian zemodan da qvemodan ise, rom qvemoT iyos

erTi gundiT meti.

magaliTad, monawile gundebis raodenobaa 11. CavsvaT es ricxvi

formulaSi: x=(a-2n)*2+(11-23)*2=(11-8)*2=3*2=6

e.i. pirvel dRes TamaSobs eqvsi gundi, xuTi ki TamaSSi ebmeba

meore dRidan. maSasadame, aqac pirvelad kalendarul dRes TamaSobs is 6

gundi, romelsac kenWisyris Tanaxmad SuaTana nomrebi ergoT. darCenili

xuTi gundidan, romlebic meore dRes Caebmebian gaTamaSebaSi, ori

daikavebs adgils cxrilis zemo nawilSi, xolo sami qvemoT (nax. 80).

naxazi 80

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

185

rogorc aRvniSneT, wilisyris Sedegad SeiZleba gaTamaSebis

pirvelsave etapze erTmaneTs ori uZlieresi gundi Sexvdes da erT-erTi

maTgani gamoeTiSos Sejibrebas, an didi iyos SemTxveviTobis elementi.

amis gaTvaliswinebiT am sistemSic iyeneben e.w. ganTesvis princips,

rodesac uZlieresi gundebisaTvis winaswar gamoiyofa nomrebi da

tardeba maT Soris wilisyra imis dasadgenad, Tu romeli gundi

cxrilis romel nawilSi moxvdeba.

naxazi 81

ZiriTadi cxrili 8 gundisaTvis

gamarjvebuli #3

gamoTiSviTi sistemis erT-erTi variantia ori wagebis Semdeg

gamoTiSva. aq SemTxveviTobis elementisagrZnoblad mcirdeba _ gundi

tovebs gaTamaSebas meore wagebis Semdeg. gundebi, romlebmac waages

gaTamaSebis pirvel dRes, damatebiT cxrilSi xvdebian da meore dRes

TamaSoben erTmaneTTan. gaTamaSebis ZiriTad cxrilSi moxvedrili

gundebi, romlebmac ganicades damarcxeba meore kalendarul dRes, aseve

xvdebian damatebiT cxrilSi da erTmaneTTan mesame dRes TamaSoben.

bolos erTmaneTs xvdebian damatebiT da ZiriTad cxrilebSi

gamarjvebulebi. Tu es Sexvedra damTavrda wagebulTa jgufidan

gamarjvebuli gundis sasargeblod, gamodis, rom mowinaaRmdege iRebs

erT (pirvel) damarcxebas da, radgan gundi gaTamaSebas mxolod ori

186

wagebis Semdeg eTiSeba, maT Soris iniSneba damatebiTi TamaSi, romelic

gamoavlens gaTamaSebaSi gamarjvebuls (nax. 81).

damatebiTi cxrili erTxel wagebuli gundebisaTvis

pirveli dRis

wagebuli gundebi

2 2

4 2

5 5 1

8 meore dRis

wagebuli

gundebi

1 1

gamarjvebuli #1

7

mesame dRis

wagebuli

gundebi

6

rogorc am cxrilebidan Cans, ZiriTad cxrilSi gamarjveba

pirobiTad moipova #3 gundma, damatebiT cxrilSi ki _ #1 gundma. Tu

finalur TamaSSi #3 gundma imarjva, is gamarjvebulad cxaddeba, xolo

Tu #1 gundma gaimarjva, iniSneba kidev erTi Sexvedra, romlis Sedegis

mixedviT vlindeba saboloo gamarjvebuli.

Sereuli sistema. SejibrebaSi didi raodebobis gundebis

monawileobisa da maTi teritoriuli gafarToebis SemTxvevaSi, gundebis

mimosvlaze drois xarjis Semcirebis mizniT mimarTaven gaTamaSebis

Sereul sistemas, e.i. gamoiyeneben or ZiriTad sistemas, wriuls da

gamoTiSviTs erTdroulad. am sistemis Tanaxmadmonawile gundebi

teritoriuli an sxva principebis mixedviT iyofian jgufebad an zonebad

187

da Sejibrebas erTmaneTs Soris gamoTiSviTi sistemiT atareben, ris

Semdegac gamarjvebuli gundebi finalur jgufs Seadgenen da Sejibreba

wriuli sistemiT gagrZeldeba.

Tavi IX

samecniero-kvleviTi muSaobis

organizacia da meTodika

xelburTSi nebismieri samecniero kvleva, maT Soris pedagogiuri,

garkveuli TanmimdevrobiT xorcieldeba: problemis dasma da Temis

SerCeva, literaturuli wyaroebis analizisa da praqtikuli muSaobis

gamocdilebis ganzogadebis safuZvelze sakiTxis mdgomareobis Seswavla,

kvlevis amocanebis gansazRvra da meTodebis SerCeva, dakvirvebisa da

eqsperimentebis saSualebiT miRebuli masalebis Segroveba, kvlevis

Sedegebis damuSaveba, Teoriuli debulebebisa (daskvnebis) da praqtikuli

rekomendaciebis formulireba.

samecniero-kvleviTi Temis SerCevis gzebi SesaZlebelia

sxvadasxvagvari iyos: erT SemTxvevaSi is SeiZleba rekomendebuli iyos

kargi wamyvani specialistis mier, meore SemTxvevaSi ki Temis arCeva

SeuZlia maZiebels Tavisi interesebis, miswrafebebisa da praqtikuli

gamocdilebis Sesabamisad.

damwyeb mkvlevars mimarTulebas aZlevs da mis muSaobas

akontrolebs mecnier-xelmZRvaneli, romelic monawileobs da exmareba

maZiebels problemis sworad gansazRvrasa da konkretuli Temis

SerCevaSi.

Temis gansazRvris Semdeg mkvlevarma hipoTezurad unda

warmoadginos kvlevis ramodenime an erTi yvelaze ufro SesaZlebeli

saboloo Sedegi. hipoTeza, Tavis mxriv, dakavSirebuli unda iyos

mecnierul ganWvretasTan, unda emyarebodes fundamentur mecnierul

koncefciebs.

samuSao Temas akonkretebs kvlevis calkeuli amocanebi, romlebic

ar unda iyos didi raodenobis, unda hqondeT logikuri Tanmimdevroba

da urTierTkavSiri, iyos uaRresad zusti da konkretuli, risi

meSveobiTac SesaZlebeli iqneba kvlevis msvlelobis naTlad warmodgena.

TiToeuli amocana unda xsnides sakvlevi Temis ama Tu im mxares,

romelTa Sedegebi unda aisaxos naSromis saboloo daskvnebSi.

Temis gansazRvrisa da amocanis dakonkretebis Semdeg samuSaos

unda mieces dasaxeleba, romelic lakonuri unda iyos, zustad asaxavdes

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Sesasrulebeli kvlevis Sinaarssa da azrs. kvlevis mimdinareobis

procesSi dasaSvebia Temis dasaxelebis Secvla.

mecnieruli kvlevis Semdegi etapi eZRvneba sakiTxis mdgomareobis

Seswavlas, romelSic Sedis literaturuli wyaroebis analizi da

praqtikuli gamocdilebis ganzogadeba. kvlevis sawyis etapze

literaturuli wyaroebis Seswavla iZleva Teoriuli monacemebis

gacnobisa da kvlevis meTodikis gansazRvris SesaZleblobas. specialuri

literaturis kiTxva afarToebs da aRrmavebs Teoriul codnas, iZleva

garkveul pasuxs kvlevis procesSi wamoWril mraval sakiTxze.

literaturuli wyaroebis Seswavla iwyeba literaturis SerCeviT.

sworad SerCeuli literatura xels uwyobs bubliografiis Sedgenas.

sakiTxis mdgomareobis Seswavlis Semadgeneli nawilia pedagogiuri

gamocdilebis ganzogadeba. ,,pedagogiuri gamocdilebis” cneba farTo

gagebiT esmiT rogorc swavlebisa da aRzrdis praqtika, viwro gagebiT ki

_ rogorc pedagogebis mier xangrZlivi SemoqmedebiTi muSaobis Sedegad

miRweuli ostatoba.

gamocdilebis ganzogadebis ZiriTad meTodebs warmoadgens:

1. sportuli muSaobis dagegmvisa da aRricxvis mimdinare da

saarqivo masalebis Seswavla;

2. saubrebi da gamokiTxva;

3. anketireba;

4. konferenciebze, seminarebze, federaciis sxdomebze, mwvrTnelTa

sabWoze da sxva RonisZiebebze gamosvlebis Cawera (an oqmebis analizi);

5. saswavlo-sawvrTno mecadineobebisa da Sejibrebebis procesis

pedagogiuri dakvirveba;

6. xelburTelebis momzadebulobis sxvadasxva mxareebisa da

sportuli Sedegebis maCveneblebis Segroveba da sistematizacia;

7. sportsmenebisa da mwvrTnelebis dRiurebis Seswavla da analizi.

pedagodiuri gamocdilebis ganzogadebis peocesSi miRebul

monacemebs garkveuli mniSvneloba eniWeba rogorc damxmare masalas

Semdgomi muSaobisa da eqsperimentebis warmatebiT CatarebaSi.

9.1. kvlevis meTodebi

samecniero-kvleviTi muSaobis mimdinareobis procesSi gamoiyeneba

kvlevis ramodenime meTodi:

189

1. pedagogiur samecniero gamokvlevebSi realizebul unda iqnas

materialisturi dialeqtikis iseTi moTxovnebi, rogoricaa sinamdvilisa

da movlenebis konkretuli Seswavla. filosofiuri principebi da

meTodebi uCveneben sinamdvilis aRqmis saerTo gzas nebismier

mecnierebaSi, maT Soris sportSic;

2. mecnierebaTa farTo wrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli saerTo meTodebi:

_ logikuri (analizi, sinTezi, induqcia, deduqcia da sxva);

_ dakvirveba;

_ anketireba;

3. is kerZo meTodebi, romlebsac TavianTi kvlevis dros iyeneben

sportTan yvelaze axlos mdgomi mecnierebebi (modelireba, testireba,

prognozireba da a.S.);

4. specialuri meTodebi (qronometrireba, moZraobis analizis

kinomeTodi da a.S.).

zemoT CamoTvlili yvela meTodi urTierTdakavSirebulia da

erTmaneTs ganapirobebs. mecnieruli kvlevis saerTo meTodologiis

bazaze iyeneben kvlevis kerZo meTodebs. sportis dargSi farTod

gamoiyeneba momijnave mecnierebebis meTodebi. sxva mecnierebebTan mWidro

kavSiri ganapirobebs sportis kanonzomierebebis Seswavlis

mravalmxrivobasa da obieqturobas. swored amitomaa, rom xelburTSi da

sportis sxva saxeobebSi Catarebuli pedagogiuri gamokvlevebis

umravlesobisaTvis tipiuria meTodebis kompleqsuri gamoyeneba.

magaliTad, rogorc aRvniSneT, xelburTelebis momzadebis winaSe

dasmuli amocanebis gadawyveta SeuZlebelia mecnierebis iseT dargebTan

kavSiris gareSe, rogoricaa pedagogika, fsiqologia, sociologia,

fiziologia, anatomia, fizikuri aRzrdis Teoria, sportuli medicina da

sxva. xelburTelebis wvrTnis procesi mWidro kavSirSia pedagogikasTan,

romlis safuZvlebsac emyareba xelburTis swavlebisa da wvrTnis

sakiTxebi.

swavlebisa da wvrTnis sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad aucileblad

gasaTvaliswinebelia momecadineTa realuri samyaro, misi fsiqika.

xelburTelis fsiqikuri mdgomareobis asaxsnelad saWiroa uSualo

kavSiri rogorc zogadi fsiqologiis, ise mis specialur nawilTan _

sportul fsiqologiasTan. rogorc cnobilia, sporti zogadad da,

kerZod, xelburTi sakmaod did datvirTvas aZlevs organoebs, rac

TavisTavad did fiziologiur ZvrebTanaa dakavSirebuli. amitom

xelburTis swavlebisa da wvrTnis procesis mowyveta fiziologiisagan

dauSvebelia. mxolod fiziologiuri procesebis Rrma da safuZvliani

codniT SeiZleba daregulirdes organizmSi wvrTnis Sedegad mimdinare

190

sxvadasxva movlena. aseve warmoudgenelia sporti adamianis normaluri

anatomiis gareSe. mwvrTnelma unda icodes, kunTebis romeli jgufi

muSaobs ama Tu im ileTis Sesrulebisas, rogoria maTi ganlageba da

moZraobis dinamika.

xelburTelebis wvrTna uSualod dakavSirebulia sportul

medicinasTan, romlis saSualebiTac xorcieldeba xelburTelebis

saeqimo kontroli. sportsmenis organizmis funqcionaluri mdgomareobis

gamokvleva iZleva fizikuri datvirTvis sworad ganawilebis saSualebas.

xelburTelebis saswavlo-sawvrTno procesis datvirTvis

Sesaswavlad iyeneben dakvirvebisa da qronometrirebis meTods,

datvirTvebis mimarTulebis gansasazRvrad _ pulsometrias da a.S.

romelime calkeuli problemis gamokvlevisaTvis iyeneben meTodTa

mTel rig kompleqsebs. magaliTad, xelburTelis fizikuri

momzadebulobis gamokvlevisaTvis iyeneben testebis, polidinamometriis,

antropometriis, tenzometriis da sxva meTodebs.

antropometria sportsmenis fizikuri ganviTarebis kvlevis

meTodia. xelburTelebisaTvis am meTods erT-erTi umTavresi

mniSvneloba aqvs, radgan moTamaSis simaRle da misi dinamika aranakleb

gadamwyveti faqtoria umaRlesi rangis sportsmenis momzadebis saqmeSi.

antropometria gansazRvravs fizikuri ganviTarebis ZiriTadi

maCveneblebis sidides: sxeulis sigrZe da masa; kisris, mkerdis, mxrebis,

TeZoebis garSemoweriloba; mtevnis da welis Zala, spirometria.

antropometriaSi Sedis aseve somatoskopia: gul-mkerdis forma,

muskulebis ganviTareba, fexebisa da terfis forma da sxva.

polidinamometriaaris meTodi, romlis meSveobiTac iqmneba kunTTa

jgufebis siZlieris SesaZleblobebis topografiuli suraTi.

xelburTelebis kunTTa jgufebis Zalis gasazomad farTod iyeneben

xelis, welisa da universalur dinamometrebs.

moTamaSeTa siswrafis gasazomad iyeneben wammzomebs, xtomebis

gasazomad _ e.w. abalakovis mowyobilobas, moqnilobis, simarjvis,

gamZleobisa da sxva Tvisebebis gasazomad ki _ specialur testebs,

romelTa saSualebiTac SesaZlebelia nebismieri asakis xelburTelebis

fizikuri, teqnikuri da taqtikuri momzadebulobis donis gansazRvra.

xelburTelTa specialuri fizikuri Tvisebebis ganviTarebis dones

xSir SemTxvevaSi gansazRvraven sxvadasxva teqnikuri saSualebis

gamoyenebiT.

Tanamedrove etapze wvrTnis meTodikis srulyofisaTvis gadamwyveti

mniSvneloba eniWeba datvirTvaze organizmis sapasuxo reaqciaze vrceli

da obieqturi informaciis miRebas, e.i. saWiroa Seswavlil iqnas

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xelburTelis funqcionaluri momzadebuloba, radgan umaRlesi

sportuli Sedegebis miRweva pirdapir damokidebulebaSia

gulsisxlZarRvTa da sasunTqi gzebis sistemebis ganviTarebasTan,

sayrden-mamoZravebeli aparatisa da nervul sistemebTan.

funqcionalur Zvrebze damatebiTi cnobebis misaRebad mimarTaven bioqimiur meTodebs, romlebic avlenen organizmSi sxvadasxva

maCveneblebis Tanafardobas.

TamaSis teqnikisa da taqtikis kvlevis dros iyeneben kompleqsur meTodebs _ fotografirebas, kinogadaRebas, kinociklografiasa da a.S. Semdgomi biomeqanikuri analiziT, dReisaTvis am meTodebs Soris yvelaze

efeqturi saSualebaa videomagnitofoni, romlis saSualebiTac firze

aRibeWdeba xelburTelis nebismieri moqmedeba da keTdeba analizi.

eleqtrografiis meTodiT SesaZlebelia kunTebis biodenebis

registracia, romlis saSualebiTac moZraobis gansazRvrul momentSi

SeiZleba msjeloba kunTebis aqtivobis xarisxze.

xelburTelebis taqtikuri momzadebis sakiTxebi, moTamaSeTa

dakompleqteba da maTi SeTamaSeba gundSi xdeba fsiqologiuri da sociometriuli meTodebiT.

rogori meTodic ar unda iqnas gamoyenebuli kvlevis mimdinareobis

procesSi, eqsperimentis Sedegad miRebuli masala unda damuSavdes

maTematikuri statistikis meTodiT.

miuxedavad Cvens mier CamoTvlili meTodebis mravalferovnebisa,

pedagogiur mecnierebaSi yvelaze xSirad iyeneben dakvirvebis, eqsperimentisa da miRebuli monacemebis registraciisa da damuSavebis meTodebs.

9.1.1. dakvirvebis meTodi. pedagogiuri dakvirveba warmoadgens

mecnieruli informaciis miRebis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes meTods.

kvlevis amocanebis Sesabamisad mecnieruli dakvirvebisaTvis

damaxasiaTebelia arCeviTi mimarTuleba, sistematuroba da

gegmazomiereba.

faqtebze da movlenebze uSualo dakvirveba Semecnebis saimedo

gzaa. dakvirveba kvlevis farTod gamoyenebuli meTodia yvela

mecnierebaSi da, kerZod, pedagogikaSic. aseve farTod gamoiyeneba es

meTodi sportSi. wvrTnis procesze dakvirvebis gziT saSualeba gveZleva

SeviswavloT da ganvazogadoT mowinave gundebis, calkeuli

moTamaSeebisa da mwvrTnelebis gamocdileba misi praqtikaSi Semdgomi

farTod danergvis mizniT.

192

sportSi pedagogiuri dakvirveba aris Sesaswavli movlenebis

maxasiaTeblebis xarisxobrivi da ricxobrivi maCveneblebis

mizanmimarTuli, gegma-zomieri da sistematuri aRqma, romelic

xorcieldeba saswavlo-sawvrTno da saSejibro procesebSi mkvlevaris

yovelgvari Carevis gareSe. dakvirvebis Casatareblad seriozuli da

gulmodgine mzadebaa saWiro, aucilebelia:

1. ganisazRvros dakvirvebis gegma da amocanebi;

2. SeirCes dakvirvebis obieqti;

3. ganisazRvros dakvirvebis Catarebis meTodebi da xerxebi;

4. Camoyalibdes dakvirvebis Sedegad miRebuli masalis analizis

meTodebi.

sportuli wvrTnis praqtikaSi dakvirvebebis Casatareblad sxvadasxvagvar

sqemebs, oqmebs, cxrilebsa da specialuri pirobiTi niSnebiT aRniSnul

aRricxvis baraTebs iyeneben.

Tanamedrove etapze sportSi danergili teqnikuri saSualebebis

meSveobiT pedagogiuri dakvirvebebi ufro xSirad xorcieldeba

videoaparaturis daxmarebiT. es meTodi gacilebiT meti raodenobiT

iZleva sxvadasxva saxis obieqtur informacias.

9.1.2. eqsperimentis meTodi. eqsperimenti laTinuri sityvaa da

,,sinjvas, cdas” niSnavs. igi mecnierulad dayenebuli cda an specialuri

mizniT organizebuli dakvirvebaa ama Tu im faqtis an movlenis

Sesaswavlad, an winaswar aRebuli daskvnebis WeSmaritebis yovelmxriv

Sesamowmeblad.

eqsperimentis, rogorc kvlevis meTodis upiratesoba imaSi

mdgomareobs, rom igi saSualebas iZleva esa Tu is procesi

izolirebulad iqnas ganxiluli. igi gulisxmobs agreTve wina

dakvirvebaTa Sedegad miRebuli daskvnebis praqtikul Semowmebas, zogjer

iseTi pirobebis Seqmnas, romlebic bunebaSi im saxiT, rogorc gvsurs,

arc SeiZleba arsebobdes. eqsperimentis gziT saSualeba gveZleva

mravalgzis gavimeoroT esa Tu is procesi, romelic Tavis bunebriv

mimdinareobaSi SeiZleba iSviaTad meordebodes, da mivceT mas Cvens mier

winaswar ganzraxuli mimarTuleba pirobebis TandaTanobiTi cvlis gziT.

sportSi eqsperimenti ufro Rrma da efeqturi meTodia, vidre

pedagogiuri dakvirveba, vinaidan is iZleva SesaZleblobas:

1. ramodenimejer ganmeorebul iqnas Sesaswavli movlenebi nebismier

pirobebSi;

193

2. Seswavlil iqnas iseTi movlenebi an procesebi, romlebzec

izolirebulad dakvirveba SeuZlebelia;

3. Seiqmnas igive pirobebi da Tavidan iqnas Semowmebuli adre

Catarebuli gamokvlevebi.

arsebobs eqsperimentuli kvlevis meTodis ramodenime varianti,

romlebic maTi Catarebis pirobebidan gamomdinareobs.

bunebriv eqsperiments atareben saSejibro da sawvrTno moqmedebebis

dros mkvlevaris Caurevlad, Tumca sawvrTno mecadineobebis dros

SeiZleba muSaobisa da dasvenebis dozirebis winaswar gansazRvra.

miRebuli informaciis safuZvelze eqsperimentma unda daazustos esa Tu

is hipoTeza, raTa ganisazRvros swori mimarTuleba Semdgomi

kvlevisaTvis.

modeluri eqsperimenti miznad isaxavs kvlevis Catarebas calkeuli

modelis gamoyenebiT, romelic SeiZleba aiRon saTamaSo moqmedebebidan

(magaliTad, burTis tyorcna karSi xtomis gareSe da sxva).

laboratoriuli eqsperimentis dros avtorebi gamokvlevas

metwilad adamianis sxvadasxva maCveneblis Sesaxeb fiziologiuri

informaciis misaRebad atareben (magaliTad, veloergometriis

saSualebiT gansazRvraven Jangbadze maqsimalur moTxovnilebas da sxva).

eqsperimentis Casatareblad aucilebelia:

1. winaswar safuZvlianad iqnas Seswavlili problemis Teoria da

praqtika da maT safuZvelze ganisazRvros samuSao hipoTezac;

2. sruli informaciis misaRebad Sedges eqsperimentis Catarebis

vrceli (dawvrilebiTi) gegma;

3. detalurad damuSavdes kvlevis calkeuli elementebis Sinaarsi

da Tanmimdevroba;

4. Sesaswavl procesze sistemeturi kontroli;

5. sakuTari kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis Sedareba ukve

arsebulTan da mecnierebis Tanamedrove poziciebidan aixsnas

gamovlenili faqtebi;

6. konkretuli midgoma eqsperimentis msvlelobis procesSi

miRebuli Sedegebisadmi; sistemeturad gaisinjos monacemebi, gaanalizdes

isini da, Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba, maTematikurad damuSavdes.

amas garda, eqsperimentis Casatareblad saWiroa SerCeul iqnas

Tanabari monacemebis mqone gamosacdeli jgufebi, gaTanabrebul iqnas

eqsperimentis pirobebi, gamosacdelTa mTliani Semadgenloba

194

SenarCunebul iqnas eqsperimentis damTavrebamde, minimumamde iqnas

dayvanili gareSe faqtorebis zegavlena. registraciis meTodebizusti da

saimedo unda iyos. yvela gamosacdelisaTvis aparatura erTnairi unda

iyos.

9.1.3. miRebuli monacemebis registraciisa da damuSavebis meTodebi. Sesaswavl problemaze eqsperimentis Catarebis Sedegad miRebuli

monacemebis Segroveba gegmazomierad, mofiqrebulad da mecnierulad

dasabuTebulad unda xdebodes. kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli informacia

damuSavebul unda iqnas maTematikuri statistikis meTodebiT, romlebic

srul warmodgenas iZleva sportSi mimdinare sxvadasxvagvari movlenis

kanonzomierebebze.

9.1.4. samecniero naSromebis saxeebi. samecniero naSromebis saxeebi SeiZleba warmodgenil iqnas disertaciis, referatis, samecniero statiis,

saxelmZRvanelos, Tezisebisa da monografiis saxiT.

disertaciis samuSao gegma saorientaciod SeiZleba aseTi

TanmimdevrobiT iqnas warmodgenili:

1. satitulo furceli. satitulo furclis dverdi unda iyos

iseTi, rogorc es naCvenebia naxazze.

im organizaciis dasaxeleba, sadac Sesrulda disertacia xelnaweris uflebiT

maZieblis gvari da saxeli

disertaciis dasaxeleba

disertacia mecnierebaTa kandidatis (direqtoris) samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad samecniero xelmZRvaneli (konsultanti)

qalaqi weli

2. sarCevi. sarCevi unda iyos gaSlili. masSi Tanmimdevrulad

Camoiwereba yvela ganayofis saTaurebi da maTi ganTavsebis gverdebi.

195

3. Sesavali. aq mocemulia Temis ZiriTadi Sinaarsi da misi

daniSnuleba.

4. Tavi pirveli. sadisertacio naSromis es nawili mTlianad eTmoba

literaturul wyariebSi da Tanamedrove praqtikaSi sakiTxis

mdgomareobis gaSuqebas. samamulo da sazRvargareTuli avtorebis

naSromebze dayrdnobiT xdeba literaturis mimoxilva, romelSic

gadmoicema sakiTxis istoria da misi kritikuli garCeva. aqve mohyavT

calkeuli avtorebis gamonaTqvamebi. naSromis es nawili mTlianobaSi

yalibdeba Tanamedrove praqtikis Seswavlisa da gamocdilebis

ganzogadebis safuZvelze.

5. Tavi meore eTmoba kvlevis mizans, amocanebs, meTodebs da

organizacias. aq yalibdeba samuSaos amocanebi da is meTodebis,

romelTa saSualebiTac unda iqnas gadawyvetili es amocanebi.

gamosayenebeli aparaturisa da kvlevis meTodika dawvrilebiT unda

gadmoices. aseve dawvrilebiT unda iqnas aRwerili kvlevis organizacia

(gamosacdeli kontingenti, misi kvalifikacia, asaki, antropometruli

monacemebi, kvlevis Catarebis dro da adgili).

6. Tavi mesame. sadisertacio naSromis am nawilSi mocemulia

kvlevis erT-erTi ZiriTadi ganayofi _ pedagogiuri eqsperimentis anu

sakuTari monacemebis analizi. aq faqtobrivi masalagarkveulad da

mkafiod unda iqnas Camoyalibebuli, rac unda aisaxos Sesabamis

cxrilebSi, grafikebSi da a.S.

7. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi.

8. bibliografia.

naSromebi, romlebic warmoadgenen mecnierul Rirebulebas,

gamoyenebul unda iqnas statiebis saxiT, romelTa moculoba SeiZleba 5-

20 gvardi iyos. samecniero statia miznad isaxavs kvlevis ZiriTadi

Sedegebis Camoyalibebas (mokle Sinaarsi, eqsperimentuli nawili da

daskvnebi).

Tezisebi aris moxsenebis, leqciis da misi, mokled

Camoyalibebuli ZiriTadi debulebebi. maTi moculoba Cveulebriv 2-3

manqaniT nabeWdi gverdia.

saxelmZRvanelo moicavs sakiTxTa farTo speqtrs, iZleva srul

warmodgenas xelburTSi Sesaswavl sakiTxebze. saxelmZRvanelos weren

arsebuli Sromebis masalebze dayrdnobiT da urTaven samecniero

samuSaos Sedegad miRebul daskvnebsa da rekomendaciebs. masala

gadmocemul unda iqnas gasagebi eniT, yovelgvari mtkicebulebebis

gareSe.

196

disertacia laTinuri sityvaa da ,,kvlevas, msjelobas” niSnavs.

Cvens qveyanaSi disertacias icaven mecnierebaTa kandidatis an doqtoris

xarisxebis mosapoveblad.

mecnierebaTa kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenili

naSromi unda iyos dasrulebuli samecniero gamokvleva da asaxavdes

maZieblis wignierebas, maRal profesiul dones, avtoris mier gadaWrili

unda iyos xelburTisaTvis arsebiTi mnisvnelobis mqone sakiTxebi,

romlebic uzrunvelyofen sportisaTvis mnisvnelovani sakiTxebis

gadawyvetas.

mecnierebaTa doqtoris samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad

warmodgenili naSromi unda iyos dasrulebuli. samecniero gamookvleva,

romelSic gadawyvetilia aqtualuri samecniero problema da miRebulia

sportis dargSi arsebuli saerTaSoriso donis Sesatyvisi Sedegebi.

disertacia unda akmayofilebdes qvemoT CamoTvlil pirobasTan erT-erTs

an maT erTobliobas:

1. gadaWrilia mniSvnelovani samecniero problema;

2. damuSavebuli Teoriuli debulebebi axalia da

mniSvnelovani sportuli TamaSebisa da kerZod,

xelburTis ganviTarebisaTvis;

sakandidato da sadoqtoro disertacia SeiZleba warmodgenil

iqnas gamocemuli monografiis saxiT.

monografia vrceli mecnieruli naSromia, romelic damusavebulia

erTi romelime Tema an sakiTxi.

197

gamoyenebuli literaturis sia

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2010. 4. კაციტაძე, ა., კაციტაძე, მ. ფიზიკური აღზრდა I. გამომცემლობა ”ცისარტყელა”, 2006. 5. კაციტაძე, ა., კაციტაძე, მ. ფიზიკური აღზრდა II. გამომცემლობა ”ცისარტყელა”, 2007. 6. ნათაძე, რ. ფსიქოლოგიის მოკლე კურსი. თბილისი, 1989. 7. რატიანი, თ., ჯაში. თ. ფეხბურთი. გამომცემლობა „ქართული წიგნის სახლი“,

თბილისი, 2008. 8. ფხალაძე, ზ. ხელბურთელების მომზადების სპორტულ-პედგოგიური საფუძვლები.

თბილისის სამედიცინო უნივერსიტეტი, თბილისი, 2006. 9. ფიზიკური აღზრდისა და სპორტის თეორიისა და მეთოდიკის საფუძვლები (გ.

კახიძის რედაქციით). პირველი ნაწილი, თბილისი, 2002. 10. ფიზიკური აღზრდისა და სპორტის თეორიისა და მეთოდიკის საფუძვლები (გ.

კახიძის რედაქციით). მეორე ნაწილი, თბილისი, 2004. 11. ფიზიკური აღზრდისა და სპორტის თეორიისა და მეთოდიკის საფუძვლები (გ.

კახიძის რედაქციით). მესამე ნაწილი, თბილისი, 2007. 12. ძაგანია, ჯ. ხელბურთი. გამომცემლობა „განათლება“, თბილისი, 1993. 13. ძაგანია, ჯ. სპორტულ თამაშებში მაღალი კვალიფიკაციის სპორტსმენების

მომზადების სპორტულ-პედაგოგიური საფუძვლები. საზოგადოება ცოდნა, თბილისი, 2000. 14.ძაგანია ჯ. ქ. ქობალია, ნ. ლეჟავა მ. უთურგაიძე - სპორტი I – VI კლასები (სახელმძღვანელო ზოგადსაგანმანათლებლო დაწესებულების პედაგოგებისათვის) -2012წ. 123გვ.

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