xAPI Key Features - IMS Global Learning Consortium · xAPI Key Features Andy Johnson xAPI Lead...
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xAPI Key Features Andy Johnson xAPI Lead Problem Solutions LLC SETA contractor supporting the ADL Initiative 15 August 2016
Transcript of xAPI Key Features - IMS Global Learning Consortium · xAPI Key Features Andy Johnson xAPI Lead...
xAPI Key Features
AndyJohnsonxAPILeadProblemSolutionsLLCSETAcontractorsupportingtheADLInitiative
15 August 2016
Experience APITracklearnerdataoflearningexperiences,broadlydefined
Enablemachine-readablecommunication(interoperability),storage,andaccessofthedata
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Generic FeaturesNaturallanguageallowscomprehendibleandextensiblevocabulary
Contextderivablefromspecificfields,metadata,history
Frameworkgoesacrossplatformsandtechnologies
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xAPI = DMSAuthority History
RecoveryAccountability
Process
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Statement
BiggestadvantageofxAPI isthatitismachineinterchangeable
Statements,thetrackedinformationinxAPI,areactor/verb/activitytriples– “IDidThis”
Thebasic“unit”ofxAPI
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Learning Record StoreStorageforall“LearningRecords”ofxAPI
Authenticationandauthorization,butnotverydefined(onpurpose)inspec
Canadd/retrievebasedonHTTPrequestsandlimitedqueryingcapabilities
Nomentionof“lifecycle”ofdata
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LRS ConformanceLRSConformanceservesneedofinteroperableLRS
Canalso“police”LearningRecordsbyrejectingwithErrorCodes
MayapplytoxAPI profilesinthefuture
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ResourcesAlsoknownas“Endpoints”,seenas“Sub-APIs”,ResourceshaveendpointswhereHTTPmethodsareallowedandhavedefinedbehavior
Stateinformationofthelearner,activities,andregistrationsaremaintained
Aswellasalltheaforementionedtransfermechanisms
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CommunicationStatementsareJSON
OtherResourcesusegenericDocuments
CommunicationviaHTTPRequests
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DocumentsContainsanidaswellasname/valuepairs
NotrestrictedtoJSON
Haslastmodificationdate
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Focus on StatementsEachStatementhasspecificproperties–Actor/Verb/Object
Differentrequirementssurroundingusage–mandatory/optional,somecontrolledvocabulary
Extensibleinsomeplaces
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ActorCanbeanindividualorgroup,doesn’thavetobehuman
Identifiedwithoneoffourkindsofuniqueids
Groupscanbeidentifiedoranonymous
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VerbTheactionduringthelearningexperience
Tightlycoupledwithtracking,averbshouldalwaysbeveryspecifictoexactmeaning,notjusta“token”
“Display”propertyusedtoallowdifferentlanguagesofthesameverb
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ObjectCalledthis“Activity”earlier,butcanbeActor,Statement,etc.
Eventhetype“activity”isbroad– couldbeavirtualworldobject.“AndydroveJeep”.
ActivityDefinitionallowsforrichmetadatathatmoves/liveswiththatactivity
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Community DefinedThespecdoesn’tdefinewhattheActors,Verbs,orObjects(evenLearningActivities)are
LeavethisuptoCommunitiesofPracticeandprofiles
Offervocabularyguidanceandbestpractices
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ResultMeasuredOutcomesrelatedtotheStatement
Abit“SCORMish”inthatsomeresultsarebuilt-in
Extensionsareexpectedtobeusedtotrackallnon-traditionaldata
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ContextPortionofStatementthatallowscontextualinformationtobesupplied
Thingslikeinstructor,registration,language,etc.
AlsoextensibletoallowCoPs tocreatetheirown
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Context FeaturescontextActivities interestinginitallowscategorizationofactivitiestosymbolizestructure
Canalsobeusedasa“tag”indefiningatype–recommendedforprofiles
ContextstatementcanrefertoanyStatementthatmaybeusefultoreferenceascontext
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Timestamp/StoredAbasicflowandknowledgeofwhenStatementsoccurredisimportant
StoredhelpstodifferentiatetheLRSsbiasonactuallyplacingtheStatementintostorage
NothinginxAPI “breaks”duetoTimestampsbeingunordered
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AuthorityAnActorthatassertsaStatementisvalid.ExpectedthatmostLearningRecordProviderswoulduseone.
Usesauthenticationtovalidatea“trusted”relationship.
Different,butalsousefulis“signing”anIndividualStatement
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AttachmentsSometimesthe“evidence”ofaLearningRecordissomethingbeyondwords(orjustalotofwords)
Definesusage,contentType,hash,andfileURL,amongothers
Hasn’tseensignificantadoptionyet
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Questions?AndyJohnsonxAPILeadProblemSolutionsLLCSETAcontractorsupportingtheADLInitiative
15 August 2016
