X-RAY BAGGAGE INSPECTION SYSTEM

INTERNAL GUIDE M.HARI KRISHNA (Assistant Professor)

B.KARUNAKAR REDDY(11R91A0411)

TABLE OF CONTENTS1. INTRODUTION2. EVOLUTION3. BLOCK DIAGRAM4. MULTI ENERGY METER5. ADVANTAGES6. APPLICATIONS7. CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

X-ray baggage inspection system is the highly

sophisticated security system.

Designed to analyse components within the baggage

effectively and efficiently by using x radiations.

It uses scanning principle to indicate baggage

components using different colours based on their

atomic numbers.

EVOLUTION

Security is one of key aspects.

So Electrical Engineers started designing the

security systems around 1940 to reduce manual work.

XBIS was developed around 1972 at University of

Manchester by Rapiscan associate of IEEE.

SVGAMONITOR

220Vac

X-RAYGENERATOR

X-RAY CONTROL

PCB

COLLIMATOR

X-RAY

MOTOR

BELT

SERIAL INTERFACE

SVGA CARD

INTERFACE CARD

ADC

PENTIUM PC

LOW ENERGY DETECTORARRAY

HIGH ENERGY DETCTORARRAY

COPPER FILTER

MAIN CONTROL PCB

PCKEYBOARD

CONTROLPANELKB T2

TUNNELLAMP

LINEFILTER

SERVICESOCKET

M C BMAINS IN

X-RAYPOWERSUPPLY

MAINSTRANSFORMER

PSU 1

+5V, +12V

MAINS 220Vac

POWERSUPPLY

IR SENSORS

SIGNAL

ADDRESS CONTROL

XON

RGBSYNC

XBIS- BLOCK DIAGRAM

220Vac

220Vac

It works on the principle of scanning an object by

the x-rays incident on it through the fine collimator.

There are IR sensors present on the either sides of

the conveyor belt to detect the presence of the

luggage.

When object is placed on conveyor belt, IR sensors

detects object and gives signal to x-ray generator.

Thin crystal (0-70kV) I to V Converter/ Multiplexer amplifier

Thick crystal (70-140kV) I to V converter/ Multiplexer amplifier

DUAL ADC

PC

RGB monitor

MULTI ENERGY SYSTEM

X-RAY GENERATOR

X ray generator (also called the Coolidge tube )

designed by the French scientist Coolidge in 1933.

It consists of the filament having large number of the

free electrons and the metal target separated by some

distance between them.

This whole setup is placed in an evacuated glass

tube to avoid any leakage of the radiations

When the supply is given the electrons move from

the filament towards metal target and collide with it

releasing very strong radiations of high frequency.

The supply should be in the order of kilo volts(very

high) and metal target should possess sufficient work

function property.

To facilitate high speed collisions of electrons with

the metal target to generate X radiations

These processed x rays are made to fall on the

cesium iodide crystal to convert the x-rays to light

rays

These light rays are made to fall on the photo

detector array which will give the current

corresponding to the amount of light incident on it.

Now this resultant current is converted to

corresponding voltage by the i to v converter.

I-V CONVERTER

This analog voltage is converted to digital form and

send to the DSP processor having some predefined

code in it written to identify the object.

Now this DSP processor indicates the object

information on the monitor with the help of the

colour assigned to it depending upon its atomic

number.

Atomic Number

1-10 11-18 19-100 100+

Orange Green Blue BlackMainly Organic Elements of Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydro CarbonsExplosives, Cloth, Food, Wood and Paper

Mainly non Organic Aluminum, light metals and Organic material over atomic number 10Electronic gadgets

Steel and dense metalsGun, Blade of knifeTools and Gold

Items that cannot be penetrated by X-rays

COLOR CODES

ADVANTAGES

Saves lot of time.

Privacy of luggage is ensured.

Less or no effect of radiation on operator.

Very much effective in determining the harmful

polymers.

APPLICATIONS

At Post offices, Ministerial buildings, Secretariats ,

VIP offices.

All ports both domestic and international for

checking luggage.

CONCLUSION

The x ray baggage inspection system is to be

updated periodically because social anti elements are

finding new ways to threaten the public using variety

of existing element combinations.

Moreover new ways have to be developed to convert

radiations to light energy instead of using the cesium

iodide crystal.

THANK YOU