x a-plus Module Sbp Physics 2013 - 1

8/17/2019 x a-plus Module Sbp Physics 2013 - 1

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Sekolah BerasramaPenuh

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X A-PLUS MODULE SBP PHYSICS 2013 : PHYSICS 2

SE$IO! O!$E!$ PA%E

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SE$IO! I " PHYSIS O!EP$ ) LA* ) +ULE ) P+I!IPLE

SE$IO! II " O!EP$UALI,A$IO!

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PHYSIS X A-PLUS 2012 PA!ELS

?E!!Y$A B$ !OO+BI (Head Of Panels)

SMS Tuanku Munawir

'AMA+IAH B$ MOHD A+SHAD

Th Ma!a" C#!!$ %ua!a %an$&ar

!I' S+I +AHAYU B$ !I' A+I::I!

SMS Hu!u S!an$#r

SU+IYA$I B$ YUSO::

SMS Mu'a(ar Shah

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PHYSIS $OPIS &X A-Plus 2013 MODULE(


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!o

Skll ) %rou.

on/e.ual Unersann@ 5ualae 5ualaeDe/son

[email protected]

1# Force Motion Force Motion Intro Physics Force Motion Intro Physics Force Motion

2# Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion

3# Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion Force Motion

9# Force Pressure Force Motion Force Motion Force MotionForcePressure

Force Pressure

;# Force Pressure Force Motion Force PressureForcePressure

ForcePressure

Force Pressure

=# Force Pressure Force Pressure HeatForcePressure

ForcePressure

Force Pressure

6# Force Pressure Force Pressure HeatForcePressure

ForcePressure

Heat

># Force Pressure Force Pressure HeatForcePressure

ForcePressure

Heat

8# Heat Force Pressure Light HeatForce

PressureHeat

10# Heat Heat Wave Heat Heat Heat

11# Light Heat Electricity Light Heat Heat

12# Light Heat Electromagnet Light Heat Light

13# Light Light Electronic Light Heat Light

19# Wave Light Electronic Light Light Wave

1;# Wave Wave Radioactivity Wave Light Wave

1=# Wave Wave Electricity Wave Electricity

16# Electricity Wave Electricity Wave Electricity

1># Electricity ElectricityElectromagnet

ElectricityElectromagnet

18# Electromagnet ElectricityElectromagnet

Electromagnet

Electromagnet

20# Electromagnet ElectromagnetElectromagnet

Electronic Electronic

21# Electronic ElectromagnetElectromagnet

Electronic

22# Electronic Electromagnet Electronic Radioactivity

23# Electronic Electromagnet Electronic Radioactivity

29# Electronic Electromagnet Electronic

2;# Radioactivity Electronic Electronic

2=# Electronic Radioactivity

26# Electronic Radioactivity

2># Electronic

28# Radioactivity

30# Radioactivity

31# Radioactivity

SE$IO! I -PHYSIS O!EP$ A!D DE:I!I$IO!


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X A-PLUS MODULE SBP PHYSICS 2013 : PHYSICS )

What is !e"nition

#) ;ravitational0cceleration

+he acceleration o, o&ects due to gravity ,alling,ree

#/;ravitational Field

+he gravitational "eld is the region around theearth in -hich an o&ect e6.erience a ,orce due togravitational attraction

#1

Resultant Force et Force

Resultant ,orce is a single ,orce that re.resents thecom&ined e=ect o, t-o or more ,orces inmagnitude and direction

#7

>n&alanced Forces

When the ,orces acting on an o&ect is not&alanced: there must &e a net,orceun&alancedresultant ,orce acting on it

>n&alanced ,orces .roduce an acceleration to theo&ect

#8

Forces in E$uili&rium Balanced Forces

+he o&ect is said to &e in a state o, e$uili&rium-hen the resulting ,orce acting on the o&ect is?ero @ no net ,orce acting u.on itA

When the e$uili&rium is reached: then the o&ect isin t-o states: that is@iA remains stationary @i, the o&ect isstationaryA@iiA moves at a constant velocity @ i, the o&ect is

movingA ?ero acceleration

29e-ton5s +hird La- o,

Motione-ton5s third la- o, motion states that: +o everyaction there is an e$ual &ut o..osite direction

2#

WorWor is de"ned as the .roduct o, the a..lied ,orce:F on the o&ect and its dis.lacement: s in thedirection o, the a..lied ,orce

22Energy

Energy is the a&ility to do -or@Wor done is e$ual to the amount o, energytrans,erred

23;ravitational Potential

Energy

+he ;ravitational .otential energy o, an o&ect is

the energy stored in the o&ect due to its .ositionin a ,orce "eld

24

Cinetic EnergyCinetic energy is the energy .ossessed &y an

o&ect due to its motion

2)Princi.le o, *onservation

o, EnergyPrinci.le o, *onservation o, Energy states that

2/Po-er Po-er is the amount o, -or done .er second

21EDciency

EDciency o, a device is the .ercentage o, theenergy in.ut that is trans,erred into use,ul energy

27

ElasticityElasticity is the .ro.erty o, a su&stance -hichena&les it to return to original sha.e a,ter ana..lied e6ternal ,orce is removed

28

Elastic Limit

Elastic limit o, a s.ring is de"ned as the ma6imum,orce that can &e a..lied to a s.ring such that the

s.ring -ill &e a&le to restored to its original length-hen the ,orce is removed


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X A-PLUS MODULE SBP PHYSICS 2013 : PHYSICS /

What is !e"nition

39

Hooe5s La-Hooe5s La- states that the e6tension o, a s.ringis directly .ro.ortional to the a..lied ,orce.rovided that the elastic limit is not e6ceeded

3#

'.ring *onstant Force *onstant

0 s.ring constant o, a s.ring is the ,orce that is

re$uired to .roduce one unit o, e6tension o, thes.ring@measure o, the sti=ness o, the s.ringA

32

Elastic Potential EnergyElastic Potential Energy is the energy stored in as.ring -hen it is e6tended or com.ressed

ha.er 3" :or/e an Pressure

What is !e"nition

#

PressurePressure is de"ned as the ,orce acting normally on a unito, sur,ace area

20tmos.heric Pressure

+he 0tmos.heric .ressure is caused &y the the -eight o,the air on the Earth5s sur,ace

3;as Pressure

;as .ressure is the ,orce .er unit area e6erted &y thegas molecules as they collide -ith the -alls o, theircontainer

4

Pascal5s Princi.lePascal5s .rinci.le states that -hen .ressure is a..lied toan enclosed uid: the .ressure -ill &e transmittede$ually throughout the -hole enclosed uid

)Bouyant Force

Bouyant Force is an u.-ard ,orce resulting ,rom an o&ect&eing -holly or .artially immersed in a uid

/

0rchimedes5 Princi.le0rchimedes5 Princi.le states that: When an o&ect isimmersed in a uid: the &uoyant ,orce on the o&ect ise$ual in si?e to the -eight o, uid dis.laced &y the o&ect

1Bernoulli5s Princi.le

Bernoulli5s .rinci.lestatesthat the .ressure o, a movingli$uid decreases as the s.eed o, the uid increases andvice versa

ha.er 9" Hea

What is !e"nition

# +em.erature

+em.erature is the degree o, hotness o, an o&ect 0mount o, inetic energy in an o&ect

2 Heat Heat is the energy tran,erred ,rom hot to cold o&ect

3

+hermal E$uili&rium

+-o o&ects are said to &e in thermal e$uili&rium -henGiA +he rates o, heat tans,er &et-een the o&ects

are e$ual @net o- o, heat &et-een the t-oo&ects is ?eroA

iiA +he o&ects have the same tem.erature

4

+hermometric Pro.erty +hermometric Pro.erty is the .hysical .ro.erty o, asu&stance -hich is sensitive and varies linearly -ithchanges in tem.erature o, the material

) Ice Point @Lo-er "6ed .ontA Ice .oint is the tem.erature o, .ure melting ice

/ 'team Point @>..er "6ed.ointA

'team .oint is the tem.erature o, steam ,rom -ater thatis &oiling under standard atmos.heric .ressure


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1Heat *a.acity

Heat ca.acity o, a &ody is the amount o, heat that must&e su..lied to increase its tem.erature &y # o*

7

'.eci"c Heat *a.acity'.eci"c Heat *a.acity o, a su&stance is the amount o,heat that must &e su..lied to increase the tem.erature&y # o* ,or a mass o, # g o, the su&stance

8Latent Heat

Latent heat is the heat a&sor&ed or heat released at aconstant tem.erature during a change o, .hase

#9

'.eci"c Latent Heat'.eci"c Latent Heat o, a su&stance is the amount o, heatre$uired to change the .hase o, # g o, the su&stance ata constant tem.erature

##

'.esi"c Latent Heat o, Fusion'.esi"c Latent Heat o, Fusion is the amount o, heatre$uired to change the .hase o, # g o, the su&stance,rom solid to li$uid .hase at a constant tem.erature

#2'.esi"c Latent Heat o,

(a.orisation

'.esi"c Latent Heat o, Fusion is the amount o, heat

re$uired to change the .hase o, # g o, the su&stance,rom li$uid to gaseous .hase at a constant tem.erature

#3

Boyle5s La-Boyle5s La- states that ,or a "6ed mass o, gas: the.ressure o, the gas is inversely .ro.ortional to its volume-hen the tem.erature is e.t constant

#4

*harles5 La-*harles5 La- states that ,or a "6ed mass o, gas: thevolume o, the gas is directly .ro.ortional to its a&solutetem.erature -hen its .ressure is e.t constant

#)

Pressure La-Pressure La- states that ,or a "6ed mass o, gas: the.ressure o, the gas is directly .ro.ortional to itsa&solutev tem.erature -hen the volume is e.t constant

ha.er ;" L@h

What is !e"nition

# La- o, Reection

0Incident rayormalBReected rayi 0ngle o, incidence r 0ngle o, reection

i +he incident ray: the reected ray and the normal all liein the same .lane

ii +he anle o, incidence i: is e$ual to the angle o,

reection: r

2 Reection &y a concave mirrorParallel rays that strie the sur,ace o, a concave mirror-ill &e reected and converge at the ,ocal .oint: Foutside the mirror

3 *entre o, curvature: * o, a curved mirror is the centre

o, the s.here o, the mirror


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4

Radius o, curvature R is the distance &et-een the thecentre o, curvature: * and the .ole o, the mirror

)

Focal .oint is the .oint -here .arallel rays that striethe sur,ace o, a concave mirror -ill &e reected andconverge at the ,ocal .oint

/

Re,raction o, light

Re,raction o, light is a light .henomenon -hich occurs-hen light .asses through t-o materials o, di=erento.tical densities: -ill change direction at the &oundary&et-een them

1 Re,ractive Inde6 Re,ractive Inde6: n o, the medium is de"ned as the ratioo, the s.eed o, light in vacuum to the s.eed i, light inthe medium

7

La- o, Re,raction and 'nell5sLa-

i +he incident ray: the re,racted ray and the normal all liein the same .lane

ii +he value o, sin i is a constant @'nell5s La-A sin r

8*ritical 0ngle

*ritical angle is the angle o, incidence in an o.ticallymore dense medium -hich results in angle o, re,ractiono, 89o in an o.tically less dense

#9

+otal Internal Reection

+he Internal Reection o, light is the .henomenon -henthe angle o, incidence is greater than the critical angleand the light not re,racted anymore &ut internallyreected

+he conditions ,or the occurrence o, total internalreection

@#A +he light ray must &e travel ,rom an o.ticallydenser medium to less dense medium

@2A +he angle o, incidence must &e greater thanthe critical angle

ha.er =" *aes

What is !e"nition

# Waves Waves are carriers o, energy +hey trans,er energy ,romone location to another

2

Longitudinal WaveLongitudinal Wave is a -ave in -hich the vi&ration o,.articles in the medium is .arallel to the direction o, the.ro.agation o, the -ave

3

+ransverse Wave +ransverse Wave is a -ave in -hich the vi&ration o,.articles in the medium is .er.endicular to the directiono, .ro.agation o, the -ave

4Wave,ront In -aves: lines oining all the .oints o, the same .hase

)Wavelength

Wavelength o, a -ave is the distance &et-een t-oadacent .oints o, the same .hase on a -ave


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What is !e"nition

/0m.litude

0m.litude is the ma6imum dis.lacement ,rom itse$uili&rium .osition

1Fre$uency

Fre$uency o, a -ave is the num&er o, -aves .roduced &ya source in one second

7Wave s.eed

+he s.eed o, the -ave is the measurement o, ho- ,ast acrest is moving ,rom its "6ed .oint

8Period

+he .eriod o, a -ave is the time taen ,or an oscillationto com.lete one cycle

#9Forced scillation

Forced scillation is the e6ternal ,orce su..lies energy tothe system

##atural Fre$uency

atural Fre$uency is the ,re$uency o, a system -hichoscillate ,reely -ithout the action o, an e6ternal ,orce

#2

ResonanceResonance occurs -hen a system is made to oscillate ata ,re$uency e$uivalent to its natural ,re$uency &y ane6ternal ,orce

#3

!i=raction!i=raction o, -aves is the s.reading o, -aves aroundcorners and edges as -aves .ass through an o.ening oraround an o&stacle along their .aths

#4*oherent Waves

*oherent Waves are -aves that have same ,re$uencyand -avelength and in .hase

#)Monochromatic Light Monochromatic Light is light -ith one colour-avelength

#/

Princi.le o, 'u.er.osition o,Waves

Princi.le o, 'u.er.osition states that -hen t-o -avesinter,ered: the resulting dis.lacement o, the medium atany .oint is the alge&raic sum o, the dis.lacements o,the individual -aves

#1*onstructive inter,erence

*onstructive inter,erence occurs -hen a crest meetsacrest and -hen a trough meets a trough

#7!estructive inter,erence

!estructive inter,erence occurs -hen crests suoer.osed-ith troughs

#8

0ntinodal lines

0ntinodal lines are lines oining .laces o, constructive

inter,erence

29odal lines

odal lines are line oining the .laces o, destructiveinter,erence

ha.er 6" Ele/r/C

What is !e"nition


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X A-PLUS MODULE SBP PHYSICS 2013 : PHYSICS #9

#Electric Field

Electric "eld is a region around a charged o&ect -hichany other charged &ody e6.erience a ,orce

2

Potential !i=erencePotential !i=erence: ( &et-een t-o .oints in a circuit isde"ned as the amount o, -or done -hen a coulom& o,charge .asses ,rom one .oint to the other .oint

3

hm5s La-

hm5s La- states that the current that .asses throughan ohmic conductor is directly .ro.ortional to the.otential di=erence a..lied accross it i, the tem.eratureand other .hysical conditions are constant

4Resistance

Resistance: R o, a conductor is the ratio o, the .otentialdi=erence: ( to the current: I

)Electromotive Force @em,A

Electromotive Force @em,A is de"ned as the -or done&y the source to move a coulom& o, charge around acom.lete circuit

/ Internal Resistance +he internal resistance :r is the resistance -ithin a celldue to its electrolyte and electrodes or source o,electricity

ha.er >" Ele/roma@nesm

What is !e"nition

#

Ferromagnetic materialsFerromagnetic materials are the materials attracted tothe magnet +he e6am.les o, the ,erromagnetic materialssuch as iron: nicel and co&alt

2

Electromagnet0n electromagnet is a device in -hich magnetism is.roduced &y an electric current

0n electromagnet acts as a tem.orary magnet

3

Magnetic "eld0 magnetic "eld is a region in -hich a magnetic materiale6.eriences a ,orce as the result o, the .resent o, amagnet or a electromagnet

4

+he right


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X A-PLUS MODULE SBP PHYSICS 2013 : PHYSICS ##

What is !e"nition

/

*ata.ult Field@Resultant "eldA

*ata.ult "eld are the com&inations "eld &et-een@aA the magnetic "eld .roduced &y the current and

magnetic "eld o, the .ermanent magnetoccurred

r@&A the magnetic "eld .roduced &y t-o current K

carrying conductors are .laced close to eachother

1

Electromagnetic induction

Electromagnetic induction is the .roduction o, inducedcurrent or induced em, -ithout using the .o-ersu..lies &ut using the relative motion &et-een aconductor or a magnet

7

Faraday5s la-

Faraday5s la- state that +he magnitude o, the inducedcurrent or induced em, is directly .ro.ortional to therate o, change o, magnetic u6 linage -ith the solenoidor the rate at -hich a conductor cuts through themagnetic u6J

8

Len?5s la-Len?5s la- state thatJ +he direction o, an inducedcurrent al-ays o-s in such as a direction so to o..osethe change -hich is causing itJ

#9

Fleming5s Right


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ha.er 8" Ele/ron/s

What is !e"nition

#

+hermionic Emission

+he emission o, electrons ,rom the sur,ace o, a heatedmetal or heated metal cathode

+he thermionic emission is a &it lie electrons &eingeva.orated o= ,rom the hot -ire

2 *athode Ray *athode ray is a narro- &eam o, a ,ast electronsmoving in a vacuum

3'emiconductor Materials

'emiconductors are materials -hich conductelectricity &etter than insulator: &ut no so -ell asordinary conductors

4!o.ing

!o.ing is a .rocess o, adding a small amount o,im.urities into the .ure crystal o, semiconductor@intrinsic semiconductorA

)

Recti"er

0 recti"er converts alternating current@acA into directcurrent@dcA

+he .rocess o, converting ac to dc is calledrecti"cation

/ +ransistor

0 transistor is a semiconductor device ca.a&le o,am.li"cation in addition to recti"cation

1Logic ;ate

0n electronic circuit -ith a single out.ut and one ormore in.uts

ha.er 10" +aoa/C

What is !e"nition

#

Radioisoto.e

Radioisoto.es are unsta&le isoto.es -hich decay and

give out radioactive emissions

2

Radioactivity

Radioactivity is the s.ontaneous disintegration o, anunsta&le nucleus into a more sta&le nucleusaccom.anied &y the emission o, energetic .articles@radioactive raysA or .hotons

3< .articles

Helium nucleus or

He4

2

4< .articles

Fast moving electrons or

e0

1−

)γ


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1# Pro&lem 'olving @%uantitativeA Kthe ans-er giveni ,*ACTIO ,O*Mii wi)h#u) UIT

2# *areless mistaesE6am.le *onvert minute into hour < 39 minutes 39 6 /9 #799 hours

3# *once.tual $uestioni ;iving the reason

E.$. : Th h#ri'#n)a! /i&)an+ # )h wa)r &ur)in$ #u) in Dia$ra

45 i& $ra)r 4+au&.....ii ;iving the 6a!u -hen com.aring t-o situations

E.$. Th 4#i!in$ #in)& # wa)r i& 100#C whra& )h 4#i!in$ #in)# )h"!a)/ &iri) i& 70#C

9# >nderstanding %uestion < #) &"&)a)i+ in e6.lanation;# E6.lanation wi)h#u) /ia$ra 8 &"4#! 8 #ru!a 8 $rah=# >se the reason $i6n in )h 9u&)i#n6# Light to.icG !ra- the ray diagram -ithout arr#w ># *annot distinguish &et-een Physical %uantity: Physics Instrument and Physics

>nitE6am.les

Physical %uantity Physical $uantity measured Physics >nit and sym&ol

'to. -atchvoltmeter

thermometer

Bourdon gauge

0mmeter

*entimeter

8# Wrong Physics +erm !e"nition *once.t @Base on 'BP Physics +rial E6amsA

E;a!&:

+erms *ommon Mistae *orrect 0ns-er

a

+he ty.e o, energy-hen the o&ect is atPN

Potential energyPotential Energy

& Pressure

Force acting on sur,acearea

Forcearea

0 .roduct o, de.th:density and gravitationalacceleration

,orceacting on o,sur,ace area

c Pascal5s .rinci.leIn a close container:,orce is transmittede$ually

In a closecontainer

d Latent heat o,

va.ori?ationHeat a&sor&ed to change&y #o*

Heat a&sor&ed tochange o, li$uidto gas-ithout


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e +em.erature

+rans,er ,rom hot &ody to

cold &ody

, Physics .henomena ina .rismN

Reection

g *ritical angle

*ritical angle is -hen there,racted angle is 89o

*ritical angle is theincident angle -hen thereected angle is 89o

*ritical angle isthe in rmedium -hich .roduces-henthe anglein medium is

h (irtual image +he image that ,ormed&ehind the lens

+he imagethat

i Monochromatic light 0 colour o, one light

+he lightthat

0m.litudeMa6imum .oint o, thehighest dis.lacement

OOOOOOOOOO o, any.articleoscillating system,rom itsOOOOOOOOOOOOO

Period ne com.lete oscillation +he OOOOOOOOOO ,orany .article to mae OOOOOOOOOOoscillation

l'.eci"cation249 (: #999 W

#999 W o, energy issu..lied -hen the .o-ersu..lied is 249 (

-hen connected toa o,

electromagnet When the current o-through magnetIs a com&ination o,electric and magnetic"eld

0 -hichcan.roduce -hen


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-ater


Beta .articles egative chargeelectron

B Misconce.tians

E;a!&:um

Misconce.tions*orrection

#il is used in hydraulic ac &ecause it has higher &oiling .oint

2'nell5s la- state that

+he sine o, incident angle

Re,ractive inde6 +he sine o,

re,racted angle

3

*ontainer 0 *ontainer B

+he ,orce e6erted at Q the ,orce e6erted at &ecause smaller sur,ace area @P F 0A

4 +o increase the eDciency o, acdc ;EER0+R

< >se more num&er o, turns to .roduce stronger magnetic "eld

)

+he shi. can oat in sea -ater &ecause th 4u#"an) #r+ i& 4i$$r )han )h wi$h) # )h&hi

* Pa.er 3


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SE$IO! II " O!EP$UALI,A$IO! Pa.er 2 Se/on B

5ueson 1 :or/es an Moon!iagram ## sho-s a stationary cannon on a smooth sur,ace!iagram #2 sho-s the cannon and the cannon&all a,ter the cannon has &een "red &yremote control

!iagram ##

!iagram #2

'tate the total momentum o, the cannon and the cannon&all in !iagram ##

>sing !iagram ## and !iagram #2: com.are the total momentum &e,ore and a,ter thecannon is "red >sing !iagram #2: com.are the magnitude and direction o, the momentumo, the cannon and cannon&all ame the .hysics .rinci.le that can &e a..lied to the motiono, the cannon and cannon&all

) ark& N5ueson 2 :or/es an Moon!iagram 2# sho-s the e=ect o, a man ,alls ,rom a high .osition to the ground -ithouto.ening the .arachute!iagram 22 sho-s a man -ith the same mass ,alls ,rom the same height -hen the .arachute iso.en

!iagram 2# !iagram 22

Based on !iagram 2# and !iagram 22: com.are the acceleration: the air resistance and thetime to ,allRelate the acceleration -ith the@iA 0ir resistance@iiA Falling time

) ark& N5ueson 3 :or/es an Moon

!iagram 3# and !iagram 32 sho- the ru&&er o, *ata.ult 0 and *ata.ult B is .ulled &ye6tension 6# and 62 to slingshot a stone

Be,ore 0,ter

!iagram 3#Be,ore 0,ter

*annon&all moves at high s.eed*annon recoils at lo-er s.eed


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!iagram 32

@aA Based on !iagram 3# and !iagram 32: com.are the thicness o, the ru&&er used:the distance travelled &y stone and the energy o, cata.ultsRelate the thicness o, the ru&&er and the energy o, cata.ultsRelate the thicness o, ru&&er and distance o, the stone travelled

) marsN@&A Based on !iagram 33 and !iagram 34: com.are the distance travelled &y the stone

and the e6tension o, the ru&&er:@0ssume the mass o, the stone is the sameA

2 marsN@cA 'tate the energy change and deduce a relevant .hysics conce.t

2 marsN

5ueson 9 :or/es an Pressure

!iagram 4# and !iagram 42 sho- t-o identical thistle ,unnels are covered -ith ru&&ersheets: immersed in measuring cylinders "lled -ith li$uid P -hich density is 97 g cm


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!iagram )

Based on !iagram ): com.are the altitude &et-een mountain .ea and ,oothill: the atmos.heric.ressure at mountain .ea and ,oothill and density o, air &et-een the t-o altitudes'tate the relationshi. &et-een the altitude and the atmos.heric .ressureHence: deduce a relationshi. &et-een the atmos.heric .ressure and density o, air ) marsN5ueson = :or/es an Pressure!iagram /# and !iagram /2 sho- t-o identical glass tu&e "lled -ith di=erent num&er o, leadshots oats in the -ater +he glass tu&e oats &ecause the net ,orce acting on the glass tu&e is

?ero

!iagram /# !iagram /2

Based on !iagram /# and !iagram /2: com.are the volume o, -ater dis.laced &y the glasstu&e: the -eight o, the glass tu&e "lled -ith lead shots and the &uoyant ,orce acted on theglass tu&e "lled -ith lead shotsRelate the volume o, -ater dis.laced and the &uoyant ,orce to deduce a relevant .hysicsconce.t

) ark&N

5ueson 6 :or/es an Pressure!iagram 1# and !iagram 12 sho- t-o identical &all is di..ed into oil and -ater se.arately

+he &all immersed at di=erent levels in the t-o li$uids +he density o, the oil is 899 g m


20/111

>sing !iagram 7# and !iagram 72:com.are the cross sectional area o, the no??les: and thedistance &et-een the t-o streams o, -ater: 6# and 62 Relate the cross sectional area o, the no??le -ith the s.eed o, the air at the no??leRelate the air .ressure -ith the distance: 6 in &et-een t-o streams o, -ater!educe the relationshi. &et-een the s.eed o, air -ith the air .ressure ) marsN5ueson 8 Hea!iagram 8# and !iagram 82 sho- t-o identical .olystyrene glasses are "lled -ith hot

-ater at

+he same tem.erature!iagram 83 and !iagram 84 sho-s the changes in tem.erature o, the -ater a,ter )minutesthe -ater are cooled

>sing !iagram 8# and !iagram 82 : com.are the mass o, -ater in &oth glasses>sing !iagram 83 and !iagram 84 : com.are the reading o, the thermometer and the rate

o, heat loss ,rom the -ater in the glasses a,ter ) minutesRelate the mass o, -ater and the rate o, loss o, heat ,rom -ater to mae a deductionregarding the relationshi. &et-een the mass o, -ater and the $uantity o, heat in -ater

) ark&N5ueson 10 Hea!iagram #9# and !iagram #92 sho-s .ositions o, the sul.huric acid that tra..ed air &e,oreand a,ter it is heated

!iagram 7# !iagram 72


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!iagram #9# !iagram #92

@aA Based on !iagram #9# and !iagram #92: com.are@iA the mass o, air &e,ore and a,ter it is heated@iiA the volume o, the air &e,ore and a,ter it is heated@iiiA the tem.erature o, the air &e,ore and a,ter it is heated

@ivA the .ressure o, the air &e,ore and a,ter it is heated 4 marsN@&A Based on the ans-er in #9@aA@iiA and #9@aA@iiiA: state the relationshi. &et-een the

tem.erature and volume o, the air &e,ore and a,ter it is heated2 marsN

@cA ame the gas la- involved in @aA@iiiA# ark N

5ueson 11 L@h!iagram ### and !iagram ##2 sho- the identical o&ects located at di=erent .ositions in,ront o, identical concave mirror Real images -ith di=erent si?es are .roduced

!iagram ### !iagram ##2

>sing !iagram ### and !iagram ##2: com.are the o&ect distance: the si?e o, image,ormed and the image distanceRelate the o&ect distance and the si?e o, the image ,ormed to mae adeduction on the relationshi. &et-een the o&ect distance and the magni"cation scale

) marsN

5ueson 12 L@h!iagram #2# sho-s a .henomenon o, light on mirror P !iagram #22 sho-s the same.henomenon o, light on mirror % * is the radius o, curvature and F is the ,ocal .oint


Based on !iagrams #2# and !iagram #22: com.are the curvature o, mirrors: the ,ocallength and the angle o, reectionRelate the curvature o, the mirrors to its ,ocal lengths


22/111

Relate the ,ocal length to the angle o, reection) ark&N

5ueson 13 L@h!iagram #3# and !iagram #32 sho- light rays ,rom t-o identical o&ects .assing throughthe conve6 lenses: M and Both o, the lenses .roduce virtual images F is the ,ocal .oint o, each lens

!iagram #3#

!iagram #32Based on !iagram #3# and !iagram #32: com.are the si?e o, image .roduced &y thelenses: the o&ect distance: u: and the image distance : v'tate the relationshi. &et-een the si?e o, image and the image distance o, the lensHence: -rite an e$uation to sho- the relationshi. &et-een the magni"cation o, the image:m :o&ect distance: u and the image distance: v

) ark&N

5ueson 19 *aes

!iagram #4# sho-s a Barton5s .endulum consists o, metal &o& acting as the driver.endulum and a num&er o, .a.er cones!iagram #42 sho-s the .a.er cone .endulum &egins to oscillate -hen the driver .endulum start tos-ing

!iagram #4#

!iagram #42

>sing !iagram #4# and !iagram #42: com.are the length and ,re$uency o, .endulum and .endulum to the length and ,re$uency o, the metal &o& .endulum*om.are the am.litude o, oscillations &et-een .endulum and the .endulum !educe the .hysics conce.t that involved in the situation


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MotorMotor !i..er

Pencelu.Region PCa-asan P

Water0ir

;lass .latePlat aca

MotorMotor !i..er

Pencelu.Region %Ca-asan %

Water0ir

;lass .latePlat aca

) marsN

5ueson 1; *aes

!iagram #)# sho-s the side vie- o, t-o -ater tans

When the motors on the di..ers are s-itched on: the di..ers oscillate on the sur,ace o, the-ater and .roduce -ater -aves

!iagram #)# *a@ah #)#


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!i..erPencelu.

RegiCa-

0ngle o, deviation

!i..er

Pencelu.

Region %Ca-asan %

gle o, deviation

!iagram #)2 sho-s the to. vie- o, the .ro.agation o, the -aves into region P and %

!iagram #)2 *a@ah #)2

Based on !iagram #)# and !iagram #)2: com.are the de.th o, -ater in region P and region%: the angle o, deviation -hen the -aves move into region P and into region %: the -avelengtho, the -aves: and the change o, s.eed o, the -avesRelate the change o, s.eed o, -ave to the angle o, deviation

) ark&

5ueson 1= *aes!iagram #/# and !iagram #/2 sho- the .attern o, inter,erence using coherent sources o,-ater -aves

!iagram #/# !iagram #/2

@aA >sing !iagram #/# and !iagram #/2: com.are the distance &et-een the t-ocoherent sources: -avelength o, the .ro.agation o, -ater -aves and distance&et-een t-o consecutive antinodal line

@&A Relate the distance &et-een the t-o coherent sources -ith the distance &et-eent-o consecutive antinodal line

4 marsN

5ueson 16 Ele/r/C!iagram #1# and !iagram #12 sho- the thicness o, coiled -ire o, the "lament lam. Mand : res.ectively: in t-o electrical circuits


Based on !iagram #1#and !iagram #12: com.are the reading o, the ammeter: the&rightness o, the "lament lam. M and : and the thicness o, coiled -ire o, the "lament

lam.sRelate the &rightness o, the "lament lam. -ith the thicness o, coiled -ire to mae adeduction on the relationshi. &et-een thicness o, coil -ire and the heat .roduced &y the"lament lam.

) marsN5ueson 1> Ele/r/C

+hic +ungsten coil-ire

+hin +ungsten coil-ire

"lament lam. /(: 24 W

"lament lam.M

/(: 24 W


25/111

!iagram #7# and !iagram #72 sho- electric circuits contains t-o identical &ul&s -hich hasresistance R: are connected to a ne- dry cell #) ( *urrent o-s through the circuits to lightu. the &ul&s


>sing !iagram #7# and !iagram #72: com.are the &rightness o, the &ul&s light u.: thee=ective resistance o, the ty.e o, circuit connections and the reading o, ammeter o, the &oth

electric circuitsRelate the &rightness o, the &ul&s light u. to the reading o, the ammeter!educe the relationshi. &et-een the e=ective resistance and the magnitude o, currento-s

) ark&N

5ueson 18 Ele/roma@nesm

!iagram #8# and !iagram #82 sho- a magnet &ar is dro..ed ,rom a certain height througha coil +he relative motion &et-een the magnet and the coil .roduced an induced currentdue to change in magnetic "eld occurred


@aA Based on !iagram #8# and !iagram #82: com.are the relative motions &et-eenthe magnet to the coil: the num&er o, turns o, the coils: the induced current is.roduced

@&A 'tate the relationshi. &et-een the num&er o, turns o, the coils and@iA the change in magnetic "eld@iiA +he magnitude o, induced current

) marsN

5ueson 20 Ele/roma@nesm!iagram 29# and !iagram 292 sho- t-o coils o, identical -ire -ound around an iron

core

galvanometer

*oil @#299turnsA *oil @3999

turnsA


26/111

+he .rimary coil is connected to #2( ac .o-er su..ly: -hile the secondary coil isconnected to

a &ul& la&elled 24(: 3/W

@aA Based on !iagram 29# and !iagram 292: com.areG@iA +he &rightness o, &ul&@iiA +he num&er o, turns in the .rimary coil and secondary coil 3

marsN@&A Relate the &rightness o, &ul& -ith

@iA +he num&er o, turns in secondary coil

@iiA +he induced current .roduced in the secondary coil 2 marsN

5ueson 21 Ele/ron/!iagram 2## and !iagram 2#2 sho- the deection o, a cathode ray in a deection tu&e

!iagram 2##

!iagram 2#2@aA >sing !iagram 2## and !iagram 2#2:

@iA state the charge o, the cathode ray: # ark N@iiA com.are the voltage o, EH+ connected to the metal .late and the deection o,

the cathode ray 2ark&N

@&A 'tate the relationshi. &et-een@iA the voltage o, EH+ and the strength o, the electric "eld &et-een the metal.lates:

# ark N


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28/111

!iagram 242 !iagram 243

@aA @iA Based on !iagram 24#: com.are the microammeter reading and themiliammeter reading

@iiA Based on !iagram 242: com.are the microammeter reading and themiliammeter reading

@iiiA Based on !iagram 242 and !iagram 243: com.are the change in

microammeter reading and change in miliammeter reading

@&A Relate the microammeter reading: miliammeter reading and deduce a .hysicsconce.t ,or &ase current: I& and collecter current Ic in a transistor circuit

) marsN

5ueson 2; +aoa/C!iagram 2) sho-s the decay curves o&tained ,or radioactive su&stance andradioactive su&stance

!iagram 2)

@aA For radioactive su&stance and radioactive su&stance : determine the time taen ,orthe

activity to &ecome hal, o, its initial value2 ark&N

@&A *om.are the times taen in @aA ,or the activities o, radioactive su&stance andradioactive

su&stance to &ecome hal, o, its initial value# ark N

@cA 'tate one common characteristic o, the times taen in 2)@aA ,or the activities o,radioactivesu&stance and radioactive su&stance to &ecome hal, o, its initial value

# ark N@dA ;ive a name ,or the time taen ,or the activity o, a radioactive source to &ecome hal, o, its

initial


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value#

ark N


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SE$IO! III " U!DES$A!DI!% Pa.er 2 & Se/on B an (

%uestion # Introduction to Physics N

E6.lain the meaning o, consistency and accuracy o, a measuring instrument &y usingsuita&le e6am.les

4 mars N

%uestion 2 Forces and MotionN

!iagram # &elo- sho-s a vi&rating .ile driver used to drive a steel .ile to the ground

!iagram #

E6.lain ho- the steel .ile is driven to the ground 4ark&N

%uestion 3 Forces and Motion

Based on the relevant .hysics conce.t:@iA e6.lain -hy a driver lurch ,or-ards -hen a car he is driving comes to a sudden sto.:@iiA descri&e and e6.lain a method -hich can overcome the situation in @cA@iA

4 marsN


!iagram 4 sho-s Ve-ton5s cradle5 -hich consists o, "ve identical &alls sus.ended in a ro-,rom a -ooden ,rame &y -ires When the &all on le,t end is .ulled aside and allo-ed to ,all:the &all on the ,ar end is noced a-ay ,rom the others -ith the same s.eed as the "rst

&all

!iagram 4

E6.lain: in term o, momentum and energy trans,ers: -hy the &all on the o..osite end isnoced a-ay ,rom the others

4 marsN


31/111

%uestion ) Forces and MotionN

!iagram )# sho-s a &oy o, mass 49 g sliding in t-o identical umes: one a,ter another

!iagram )# !iagram )2

!iagram )# sho-s the &oy sliding do-n the ume: -hich is inclined at 399 to thehori?ontal!iagram)2 sho-s the &oy stationary in the ume -hen the ume is inclined at #1) to thehori?ontal +he ,rictional ,orce acting on the &oy in &oth umes is #29 >sing the conce.to, ,orce: e6.lain -hy the &oy slides do-n the ume -hen the angle o, inclination is 399and remains stationary -hen the angle o, inclination is #1)

4 marsN

%uestion / Forces and PressureN

!iagram / sho-s a si.hon It is very use,ul ,or removing li$uids ,rom a tan or a "6edcontainer

!iagram /

E6.lain ho- si.hon is used to remove li$uid ,rom a tan4 ark&N

%uestion 1 Forces and PressureN

!iagram 1 sho-s a sim.le hydraulic ac -hich is used to li,t u. load M +he -oring .rinci.lo, the hydraulic ac is &ased on the Pascal5s .rinci.le

E6.lain ho- the hydraulic ac can &e used to li,t load M -hen ,orce is a..lied on the small

.iston -ith cross


32/111

!iagram 7 sho-s an em.ty &ottle is .ushed com.letely into the -ater and then releases it>sing the conce.t o, &uoyant ,orce: e6.lain -hat ha..en to the em.ty &ottle a,ter it isreleased

4 marsN

%uestion 8 Forces and Pressure

!iagram 8 sho-s a remote control air.lane

E6.lain ho- the remote control air.lane a&le to y 4marsN

%uestion #9 HeatN

!iagram #9 sho-s a radiator o, a car

Water is used as a cooling agent in a radiator E6.lain ho- -ater is used4marsN

%uestion ## HeatN

!iagram ## sho-s the air .ressure in the tire o, a car &eing measured &y a .ressure gauge

Based on inetic theory o, gasses: e6.lain -hy the air .ressure in the tire increases a,ter thecar has com.leted a long ourney

4 ark&N%uestion #2 HeatN


33/111

!iagram #2 sho-s air &u&&les .roduced &y an air .um. in an a$uarium "lled -ith ,resh-ater

E6.lain -hy the volume o, an air &u&&le increases as it moves to-ards the sur,ace 4 marsN

%uestion #3 LightN

By using suita&le a..aratus: e6.lain ho- the ,ocal length o, &oth lenses can &e estimated> ark&N

%uestion #4 LightN

!iagram #4# and !iagram #42 sho- a ray o, light .assing into crystal and diamondres.ectively


E6.lain -hy the diamond is s.arling -hen the ray o, light .ass throughRe,ractive inde6 o, glass #): re,ractive inde6 o, diamond 24 N

4 ark&N

%uestion #) WavesN

!iagram #) sho-s a radio is .laced near the corner o, a -all 0 &oy is standing around thene6t corner

When the radio is s-itched on: the &oy can hear the sound ,rom the radio &ut he cannot seethe radio E6.lain this situation

4 marsN%uestion #/ WavesN

!iagram #/ sho-s that the glass &reas -hen the singer sings


34/111

!iagram #/

>sing the .hysics conce.t in @&A: e6.lain -hy it ha..ens4 ark&N

%uestion #1 WavesN

!iagram #1 sho-s another modi"cation to the har&our to overcome the heavy sea traDc.ro&lem +he -ave .attern .roduced at the entrances is sho-n

!iagram #1

!escri&e the movement o, t-o similar shi.s that are located at 0 and B E6.lain yourans-er

4 ark&N

%uestion #7 ElectricityN

!iagram #7 sho-s a ty.ical circuit on a household electrical a..liance that using a ,use

!iagram #7

E6.lain the advantages o, .arallel circuit in a house -iring system> ark&N

%uestion #8 ElectricityN

!iagram #8# and #82 sho-s t-o identical &ul&s connected to one cell and t-o dry cellres.ectively +he &ul& connected to t-o dry cells lights u. &righter


35/111

!iagram #8#

!iagram #82

@iA What is meant &y the value 8 ( J la&elled on the dry cellX# ark N

@iiA E6.lain -hy the &ul& connected to t-o dry cells is &righter 3 ark& N

%uestion 29 ElectromagnetismN

!iagram 29 sho-s an electromagnet crane

!iagram 29

E6.lain ho- the electromagnet crane can &e used to li,t scra. metal 4

ark&N

%uestion 2# ElectromagnetismN

!iagram 2# sho-s a sim.le direct current electric motor

!iagram 2#

>sing the conce.t o, the magnetic e=ect o, an electric current: e6.lain -ith the aid o,diagrams ho- ,orces are .roduced on a -ire in the coil: as sho-n in the diagram a&ove

4 marsN

%uestion 22 ElectromagnetismN!iagram 22 sho-s the structure o, a generator E6.lain ho- the generator can &e used to.roduce electricity

4 marsN


36/111

%uestion 23 ElectromagnetismN!iagram 23 sho-s a sim.le trans,ormer

&( What is meant &y ideal trans,ormerX# marN

&( E6.lain the -oring .rinci.le o, a trans,ormer4 marsN

%uestion 24 ElectromagnetismN!iagram 24 sho-s the structure o, construction o, a hydro .o-er generating .lant

Base on the diagram: e6.lain ho- the eDciency can &e increased in the long distancetransmission o, electricity &y using the alternate


37/111

E6.lain ho- the *athode


38/111

!iagram 28 sho-s ho- a system is used in a ,actory to ensure the thicness o, .a.er sheetsare uni,orm +he system uses radioisoto.e 'trontium K 89 as the radioactive source

E6.lain ho- 'trontium


39/111

!iagram# &elo- sho-s a thermometer

!iagram #

ou are re$uired to give some suggestions to design an eDcient alcohol thermometer to &eused in .hysics research e6.edition at orth Pole >sing your no-ledge a&out heat and.ro.erties o, materials: e6.lain ho- to &uild a thermometer -hich can ,unction e=ectively&ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects

@iA 'trength o, thermometer@iiA 'ensitivity o, thermometer@iiiA !esign o, the thermometer so that the scale can easily &e read@ivA Free?ing .oint o, the li$uid@vA +hicness o, the glass &ul&5s -all

#9 marsN


!iagram 2 &elo- sho-s a rocet

!iagram 2

ou are re$uired to give some suggestions to design a rocet -hich can travel in the outers.ace -ith higher acceleration >sing the no-ledge on ,orces and motion and the.ro.erties o, materials: e6.lain the suggestions &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA the sha.e o, the rocet@iiA the material used to &uild the rocet@iiiA additional su..ly needed that ena&le the rocet to move in outer s.ace@ivA the structure o, the rocet to accelerate@vA si?e o, the com&ustion cham&er

#9 marsN


!iagram 3 sho-s an athlete thro-ing a avelin


40/111

!iagram 3

>sing a..ro.riate .hysics conce.ts: e6.lain the use o, suita&le e$ui.ment and techni$ues toim.rove his .er,ormance our ans-er should include ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA *haracteristics o, material used ,or avelin@iiA 'ha.e o, avelin@iiiA Motion o, the athlete@ivA Ho- the avelin should &e thro-n

#9 marsN


!iagram 4 sho-s a &adminton .layer in a com.etition

!iagram 4

ou are re$uired to give some suggestions to design the shuttle and rac$uet used in thecom.etition >sing your no-ledge o, motion: ,orces and .ro.erties o, material: state ande6.lain the suggestions &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA 'ha.e o, the shuttle@iiA *haracteristic o, the material used ,or shuttle@iiiA Material used ,or the &ase o, the shuttle @ivA Material used ,or the string o, the rac$uet@vA +ension o, the string o, the rac$uet

#9 marsN

%uestion ) Forces and PressureN

+he manager o, a carnival near your home sees your advice on handling a hot air &alloon +he &alloon should &e a&le to rise to a&out the height o, a "ve


41/111

!iagram )

E6.lain your suggestion taing into account@iA 'i?e o, the envelo.e@iiA *haracteristic o, the materials used ,or the envelo.e@iiiA E$ui.ment re$uired to rise u. the &alloon@ivA *haracteristics o, the material used ,or the &aset:@vA the &est times in a day to launch the &alloon

#9 marsN

%uestion / HeatN

!iagram / &elo- sho-s ,ood &eing ,ried in a -o o, cooing oil

!iagram /

'uggest and e6.lain ho- the ,ood to &e ,ried can &e cooed in a short time &ased on the,ollo-ing as.ects o, material o, the -o and the cooing oil

a Material o, the -o@iA '.eci"c heat ca.acity@iiA +hermal conductivity@iiiA Melting .oint

& *ooing oil@iA '.eci"c heat ca.acity@iiA Boiling .oint

#9 marsN

%uestion 1 HeatN0 ,amily is having a .icnic at Port !icson &each 0 container is used to stor the .acetdrins as sho-n in diagram &elo->se a..ro.riate conce.ts in .hysics: e6.lain the modi"cations re$uired to the a&ove

container so as to e=ectively cool .acet drins in a shorter time and ee. the .acet drinsremain cold ,or a longer .eriod 'tate and e6.lain the suggestion &ased on the ,ollo-ingas.ects


42/111

!iagram 1@iA Materials added in the container

@iiA '.eci"c heat ca.acity o, the container@iiiA *olour o, the container@ivA *haracteristics o, the material used ,or the container

#9 marsN%uestion 7 HeatLightN!iagram &elo- sho-s a sim.le solar tan as a -ater heater

!iagram 7>sing a..ro.riate .hysics conce.t: e6.lain the modi"cations that can &e used to mae asolar more eDcient our ans-er should include the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA +y.e o, mirror@iiA Radius o, curvature@iiiA *olor o, the tan -all

@ivA '.eci"c heat ca.acity and other suita&le as.ect@vA 'i?e o, the mirror

#9 marsN%uestion 8 Light N!iagram 8 sho-s t-o cars: R and ' : travelling in the o..osite directions: .assing through ashar. &and 0 mirror is .laced at

!iagram 8>sing the no-ledge on reection o, light: e6.lain your choice o, mirror to hel. the driver tosee an a..roaching car &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ect@iA the ty.e o, mirror@iiA the diameter o, the mirror@iiiA the characteristics o, material used ,or the mirror@ivA the thicness o, the mirror@vA +he .osition o, the mirror #9marsN%uestion #9LightN!iagram #9 sho-s an endosco.es that can &e used in medical


43/111

!iagram #9>sing a..ro.riate .hysical conce.ts: suggest and e6.lain suita&le modi"cations that needsto &e done to the endosco.e ou can &ase your modi"cation or suggestion on the ,ollo-ingas.ects@iA *haracteristic o, core and outer cladding@iiA Material o, &u=er coating@iiiA +he si?e o, "&re@ivA +he density o, the "&re

@vA +he strength and e6i&ility

#9 marsN%uestion ## ElectricityN!iagram ## sho-s the lam.s in a domestic lightning circuit are connected in .arallel

!iagram ## +he circuit is not com.lete and not eDcient ,or electrical energy consuming and less sa,ety'uggest modi"cations that need to &e done to the circuit to im.rove sa,ety: .roduce thelam.s lights u. -ith normal &rightness and to increases the eDciency o, electrical energyconsuming 'tate and e6.lain the modi"cation &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA s-itch@iiA connection &et-een &ul& * and !@iiiA suita&le voltage ,or the &ul&@ivA sa,ety as.ect@vA suita&le device to &e connected to &ul& B

#9 marsN

%uestion #2 ElectromagnetsN!iagram #2 sho-s a cross section o, a sim.le seismometer -hich is used to detect the earthmotion and then convert it into the electrical signals

!iagram #2 ou are re$uired to give suggestions to design the seismometer -hich can -or eDciently>sing your no-ledge: e6.lain the suggestion &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ectsG@iA the sti=ness o, the s.ring@iiA density o, the load


44/111

@iiiA thesha.eo,themagnet@ivA the ty.e o, the electrical coil@vA ho- it is used to detect small motion

#9 marsN

%uestion #3 ElectromagnetismN!iagram #3 sho-s a sim.le anemometer @-ind meterA ,or measuring the velocity o, the-ind

!iagram #3>sing a..ro.riate .hysical conce.ts: suggest and e6.lain suita&le modi"cations to theanemometer to im.rove its sensitivity ou can &ase your modi"cation or suggestion on the,ollo-ing as.ects@iA +he material o, the .lastic cu.@iiA +he &ar magnet@iiiA +he solenoid@ivA +he num&er o, turns o, -ire used ,un the solenoid

@vA +he thicness o, the -ire #9 marsN

%uestion #4 ElectromagnetismN!iagram #4 sho-s an ac generator

!iagram #4

'uggest modi"cations that can &e made to increase the out.ut current to the generator in !iagram #4'tate and e6.lain the modi"cations &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA 'trength o, the magnet@iiA 'ha.e o, the magnet@iiiA um&er o, turns o, the coil@ivA !iameter o, the -ire o, the coil

@vA +he s.eed o, rotation #9marsN%uestion #) ElectronicsN!iagram #) sho-s a control circuit ,or a sim.le "re alarm system

'

Barmagnet

&earing

solenoid

Iron core

Plastic cu.

s.indle


45/111

!iagram #)

ou are re$uired to give suggestions to design the circuit so that it can s-itch on thetransistor and sound an alarm -hen either one o, the sensors gets hot 'tate and e6.lain thesuggestions &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA +he ty.e o, gate @iiA *om.onent used to detect heat and it .osition@iiiA +he .osition o, the alarm@ivA +he use o, e6tra com.onents in the circuit and its .ositions to s-itch on the 249 (: #2

W alarm

#9 marsN

%uestion #/ ElectronicsN!iagram #/ sho-s a shado- is ,ormed on uorescent screen o, the Maltase cross tu&e

!iagram #/

Maltase cross tu&e in !iagram #/ is not suita&le ,or measuring the ,re$uency o, the sound-aves 'uggest modi"cations that can &e made to the Maltase cross tu&e in !iagram #/ totrans,orm it into *athode Ray scillosco.e that can measure the ,re$uency o, the sound-aves In your suggestions: state the com.onents that are used and their ,unctions &ased onthe ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA the electron gun@iiA the deection system

#9 marsN

%uestion #1 RadioactiveN!iagram #1 sho-s a radioactive source is handled &y a scientist +he method sho-n is not

sa,e

!iagram #1'uggest and e6.lainG@iA +he e$ui.ment to &e used in handling a radioactive source

@iiA Modi"cations to the storing method to ensure sa,e ee.ing o, the radioactive source@iiiA ther .recautions that need to &e taen -hen handling a radioactive source #9 marsNSE$IO! 4 " P+OBLEM SOL4I!% &5UA!$I$A$I4E( Pa.er 2 Se/on &no#11 7 12(

%uestion # Forces and Motion N


46/111

# @iA 0 toy car o, mass #) Bg is moving at a constant velocity o, 49 ms


47/111

1 !iagram sho-s a hydraulic acB -ith a cross sectional area o, the smaller .iston is

92 m2 and the larger .iston is #2 m2

@iA I, a ,orce o, / is e6erted on the smaller .iston: -hat is the out.ut ,orce

acted on the larger .istonX

@iiA I, the smaller .iston moves do-n-ard &y #2 cm: -hat is the distance

moved &y the larger .istonX

%uestion 7 Forces and Pressure N

7 +he -eight o, the &oat is #) 999 +he ma6imum volume o, -ater that can &edis.laced &y the &oat Is 29 m3

@iA *alculate the &uoyant ,orce e6erted on the &oat M!ensity o, the sea -ater is #929 Bgm


48/111

## Figure@aA sho-s an o&ect in a small .ond +he de.th o, the -ater in the .ond is H +he image o, the o&et a..ears to &e h ,rom -ater sur,ace

Figure@aA

@aA 'tate the relationshi. &et-een H and h@&A When H 4) m and the re,ractive inde6 o, -ater is #33: determine the value o, h@cA What ha..en to value o, h -hen the .ond is .oured -ith -ater o, re,ractive inde6 #49 X@dA 0 glass tu&e is immersed vertically in the sur,ace o, the -ater .ond at a de.th 9) m as

sho-n in Figure @&AFig

ure@&AFigure @&A

When H 4) m and the re,ractive inde6 o, -ater #33 : ho- ,ar the &ase o, .onda..ear closer to the sur,ace o, the -aterX

%uestion #2 Light N#2 +he diagram sho- a ray o, light \ is incident at angle o, /99 to an ice &loc

@aA Mar the critical angle o, ice -ith JcJ in the "gure a&ove@&A !etermine the value o, the critical angle : c@cA *alculate the re,ractive inde6 o, ice@dA What ha..en to the critical angle -hen the ice &loc is re.laced &y a su&stance-hich

has the re,ractive inde6 #7 X

%uestion #3 Light N#3 0n o&ect is .laced at a distance o, 29 cm ,rom a concave lens o, ,ocal length #) cm

@iA *alculate the image distance

@iiA *alculate the magni"cation o, the image

@iiiA 'tate the characteristics o, the image ,ormed

%uestion #4 Light N


49/111

#4 0 student is using a magni,ying glass -ith ,ocal length o, ) cm to o&serve a small

ant at a distance o, 2 cm

@iA *alculate the image distance

@iiA !etermine the linear magni"cation o, the image o, the ant

%uestion #) Waves N#) 0 -ooden &ar P vi&rates on a -ater sur,ace o, a ri..le tan at a ,re$uency o, ) H?

+he -ater -ave .roduced is sho-n in the diagram &elo-

@iA +he distance &et-een three consecutive crests is 79 cmWhat is the -avelength: ]: o, the -ater -aveX

@iiA What is the ,re$uency o, the -ater -aveX@iiiA *alculate the s.eed o, the -ater -ave in the ri..le tan

%uestion #/ Electricity N#/ +he "gure sho- a circuit containing t-o resistors P and % : a &ul& L: t-o s-itches '# and

'2: ammeter: voltmeter and a &attery

@aA When the s-itches '# and '2 is o.ened : the reading o, ammeter and voltmeter are93 0 and 24 ( res.ectively

*alculate:@iA the resistance o, the &ul&@iiA the resistance o, the resistor@iiiA +he .o-er dissi.ated in P

@&A *om.are the &rightness o, the &ul& in the situation @aA -hen @iA only the s-itch '# is closed

@iiA &oth the s-itches '# and '2 is closed

@cA +he resistance o, the resistor % is 7Ω When the s-itch '2 is closed and the s-itch

'# is

o.ened: -hat is the reading o,

@iA the voltmeter @iiA the ammeter

%uestion #1 Electricity N


50/111

#1 +he "gure sho-s a circuit containing voltmeter: ammeter: t-o s-itches '# and '2 : t-o&ul&s M# and M2 and a &attery -ith internal resistance o, #^

@aA When the s-itches '# and '2 is o.ened : the reading o, the voltmeter is #2 (

What is the em, o, the cellX@&A When the s-itch '# is closed and the s-itch '2 is o.ened : the reading o, the ammeter is

39 0 *alculate

@iA the reading o, the voltmeterX @iiA the resistance o, &ul& M# X

@cA When the s-itches '# and '2 is closed : the reading o, the ammeter is /9 0

*alculate @iA the resistance o, &ul& M2 X

@iiA the reading o, the voltmeterX

%uestion #7 Electromagnetism N#7 !iagram sho-s a >


51/111


52/111

%uestion 24 Electromagnetism N

24 Figure @&Asho-s a circuit consisting o, a trans,ormer: an ammeter and t-o light&ul&s +he ammeter reading is 9) 0 and &oth &ul&s light u. -ith normal &rightness

Figure @&A

@aA What is the out.ut voltage o, the trans,ormerX @&A *alculate the eDciency o, the trans,ormer

%uestion 2) Electronic N

2) +he diagram sho-s a transistor circuitIn order to trigger alarm : the .otential di=erence across must &e at least #(

@aA What is the .otential di=erence across M X

@&A When the resistance o, resistors P and % are )99 Ω res.ectively:@iA -hat is the .otential di,erence across MX@iiA -hat ha..ens to alarm X

@cA When the resistance o, resistor % is )99 Ω and the resistance o, resistor P is

4999Ω :

determine the .otential di=erence across the resistor % to sho- that alarm is nottriggered

@dA +he ta&le sho-s the variations o, the resistance o, a thermostat : + -ithtem.erature

+em.erature o

* +hermostat resistance Ω

299 #1)9#99 3)99)) )99939 /999

When resistor P is re.laced &y thermostat + : -hat is

@iA the resistance o, resistor % i, alarm is triggered at 299o *@iiA the tem.erature re$uired to trigger alarm :-hen the resistance o, resistor is

#999Ω

%uestion 2/ Radioactivity N

2/ 0 cu. o, mil is contaminated -ith iodine


53/111

@iiA +he initial mass o, a sam.le o, iodine


54/111

SE$IO! 4I " DEISIO! MA'I!% Pa.er 2 Se/on &no#11 ) 12(

%uestion # Introduction to PhysicsN0s an engineer: you are assigned to investigate the characteristics o, several instrumentsthat could &e used to measure the length and -idth o, 2) cm 49 cm metal &loc

+a&le # sho-s the characteristics o, "ve ty.es o, measuring instruments P: %: R: ' and +'tudy the characteristics o, all "ve instruments and decide -hich is the most suita&le

instrument to &e used to measure the length o, the metal &loc

Yusti,y your choice

Measuringinstrument

'mallestscale cm

Range o, measurement cm

\ero error cm'ha.e o, theinstrument

P 9) 9 K #99 92 Flat and thin

% 9# 9 K )9 9# Roll and thin

R 9# 9 K )9 99 Flat and thin

' 9# 9 K )9 9# Flat and thin

+ #9 9 K #99 99 Roll and thin

+a&le # #9 mars N

%uestion 2 Forces and Motion Forces and MotionN!iagram 2 sho-s a .layground s-ing -hich -ill &e used ,or 1 to #) years old children +hevertical height o, the s-ing is 2) m +a&le 2 sho-s the characteristics o, the s-ing

!iagram 2

'-ingLength o, the chain,rom the &ar:l cm

Yoint o, chain tothe &ar

0ngle o, (


55/111

Bicycle !iagram '.eci"cation

W !istance &et-een seat and handle 1) cm!ensity o, &icycle5s ,rame 199 g m


56/111

Brae uid

ae .edal

Brae .ads

Brae disc

the soles o, the treing shoes

+y.e o, material

!ensity@Cgm


57/111

+a&le / sho-s the s.eci"cations o, com.onents that can &e used in &rae systems :P:%:R: ' and +

Braesystem

'.eci"cations o, com.onents in a car &rae system

'.eci"c heat ca.acity o, &rae disc Y g


58/111

Y

C

L

M

+a&le 1

%>E'+I 7,orce and .ressureN


59/111

!iagram sho-s ,our hot air &alloons: P: %: R and ' -ith di=erent ,eatures

Hot air&alloon P

'mall &alloon(olume 799 m3

# &urner

Features +y.e o, &alloon ,a&ric

'ynthetic nylon +em.erature o, ame

#99 o*

Hot air&alloon %

Large &alloon(olume 2)99 m3

2 &urners


'ynthetic nylon +em.erature o, ame

#29 o*

Hot air&alloon R

Large &alloon(olume 2)99 m3

# &urner


*anvas +em.erature o, ame

/9 o*

Hot air&alloon '

'mall &alloon(olume 799 m3

2 &urners


*anvas +em.erature o, ame

79 o*

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le hot air &alloon -hich is a&le to carry threeor ,our .eo.le to a higher altitude in a shorter time

'tudy the ,eatures o, all the ,our hot air &alloons ,rom the ,ollo-ing as.ects< +he si?e o, the &alloon< +he num&er o, the &urners< +he ty.e o, the ,a&ric o, the &alloon< +he tem.erature o, the air in the &alloon

E6.lain the suita&ility o, the as.ects Yusti,y your choice

#9 marsN

%uestion 8 Force and PressureN!iagram 8 sho-s ,our racing motorcycles: P: %: R and ': -ith di=erent s.eci"cations

Racing &ie 0 +y.e o, &rae -ithout 0B'Mass 29)9 g


60/111

Racing &ie B +y.e o, &rae -ithout 0B'Mass 2299 g

Racing &ie * +y.e o, &rae 0B'@0ntiloc Brae 'ystemAMass 2979 g

Racing &ie ! +y.e o, &rae 0B'@0ntiloc Brae 'ystemAMass 2429 g

!iagram 8

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le motorcycle to move ,ast and sa,e -henracing'tudy the s.eci"cations o, all the ,our motorcycles ,rom the ,ollo-ing as.ects

@iA +y.e o, &rae@iiA the mass o, the motorcycle@iiiA the seat height@ivA the -idth o, the tyre


#9 ark&N

%uestion #9 HeatN ou are ased to investigate the ,eatures o, heating material and the design o, a .ressurecooer as in +a&le #9


61/111

'a,ety valve

'a,ety valve

sa,ety valve

P

+he ,eatures o, .ressure cooer

• '.eci"c heat ca.acity o, the &ody o, the .ot

#499

1o1 CJkg −−

• '.eci"c heat ca.acity o, the handle o, .ot

789

1o1

CJkg −−

• +hicness o, the .ot )9 mm

• Has sa,ety valve

%



37)

1o1 CJkg −−

• '.eci"c heat ca.acity o, the handle 789

1o1

CJkg

−−

• +hicness o, the .ot 39 mm


R



448

1o1 CJkg −−


37)

1o1 CJkg −−

• +hicness o, the .ot #9 mm

'



)92

1o1 CJkg −−


2399

1o1 CJkg −−



+



#499

1o1 CJkg −−


789

1o1 CJkg −−


+a&le #9

E6.lain the suita&ility o, each ,eatures descri&ed in +a&le #9 and then determine the mostsuita&le .ressure cooer to &e used ;ive a reason ,or your choice

#9 mars N


62/111

ice cream

Ice cream &o6%>E'+I ##heatN

!iagram )#

+a&le ## sho-s the s.eci"cation o, ,our ty.es o, ice cream containers P: %: R and ': that can&e used &y an ice cream seller to carry ice cream

Bo6 P % R '

'.eci"c heat ca.acity o, icecream &o6

High High Lo- Lo-

'i?e o, ice cream &o6 Large 'mall 'mall LargeMaterial o, outer &o6 *o..er P(* .lastic P(* .lastic 0luminium

*olour o, outer &o6 !ar Bright Bright !ar

+a&le ##

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le ice cream container to carry ice cream'tudy the s.eci"cation o, the ,our ty.es o, ice cream container &ased on the ,ollo-ingas.ects

< '.eci"c heat ca.acity o, ice cream &o6

< 'i?e o, ice cream &o6 < Material o, outer &o6< *olour o, outer &o6

E6.lain the suita&ility o, the as.ects#9 marsN

%>E'+I #2heatN


63/111

Heat generated in the car engine has to &e removed e=ectively to avoid overheating!iagram #2 sho-s the cooling system o, a car engine

!iagram #2

+a&le #2 sho-s the characteristics o, li$uid that can &e used in the cooling system o, a car

Li$uid

*haracteristics

'.eci"c heat ca.acity@ Y g -hich are used to maintain the tem.erature o, the hot drin

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le thermos -hich is a&le to maintain thetem.erature o, the hot drin ,or a long time and can &e easily moved ,rom one .lace toanother

'tudy the characteristics o, the ,our thermoses ,rom the ,ollo-ing as.ects< sto..er< material to mae the dou&le layer -all< density< material in &et-een the dou&le -all


#9 ark&N


64/111

R

'

+

>

!iagram #3


65/111

P

5

+

S

*oncave reector

Bul& &eyond .rinci.le ,ocus

Battery

*onstantan connecting -ire

Bul& at .rinci.le ,ocus

*o..er connecting -ire

Battery*oncave reector

*onve6 reector

Bul& at the .ole o, the mirror

Battery

*o..er connecting -ire

*onstantant *onnecting -ire

Battery *onve6 reector

$

Battery

Bul& at the .ole o, the mirror

%>E'+I #4LightN

+a&le #4 sho-s the design o, "ve torchlights P: %: R: ' and +

+a&le #4

ou are ased to investigate the characteristics o, the "ve torchlights sho-n in +a&le #4E6.lain the suita&ility o, each characteristics o, the torchlight and determine the torchlight-hich can .roduce a strong .arallel &eam o, light;ive reasons ,or your choice

#9 marsN

%>E'+I #)LightN!iagram #) sho-s ,our sim.le com.ound microsco.es: Y: C: L and M -ith di=erent.eci"cations


66/111

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le sim.le com.ound microsco.es to e6amine asmall s.ecimen


67/111

Eye.iece

&ective lens

'.ecimen 'tage

Microsco.e Y

Eye.iece 29!

&ective lens #4!

!istance &et-een t-olenses @ # A

Position o, the s.ecimenu #


68/111

Eye.iece

&ective lens

'.ecimen 'tageLam.

Microsco.e C

Eye.iece #4!

&ective lens 29!


Position o, the s.ecimenu #


69/111

Microsco.e L

Eye.iece 29!

&ective lens #4!


Position o, the s.ecimen # U u 2 #


70/111

Eye.iece

&ective lens

'.ecimen 'tageLam.


71/111

Eye.iece

&ective lens

'.ecimen 'tageLam.

Microsco.e M

Eye.iece #4!

&ective lens 29!

!istance &et-een t-olenses Q@ # A

Position o, the s.ecimen # U u 2 #


72/111

'tudy the s.eci"cation o, the ,our sim.le com.ound microsco.es &ased on the ,ollo-ingas.ects

@iA Po-er o, eye.iece@iiA Po-er o, o&ective lens @iiiA !istance &et-een eye.iece and o&ective lens@ivA Position o, the s.ecimen

E6.lain the suita&ility o, each as.ect and then determine the most suita&le microsco.e;ive a reason ,or your choice

#9 marsN

%uestion #/WavesN

!iagram #/ sho-s a guitar -ith / strings

+he sound o, a music note ,rom a guitar de.ends on the strings o, the guitar Each stringhas its o-n natural ,re$uency

'tring !ensity +ensionLength o, string

@cmA'tring

material

P Lo- lo- 899 nylon

% Lo- High 199 steel

R Medium Medium 199 nylon

' High medium 899 steel

+a&le #/

+a&le #/ sho-s the characteristic o, strings P: %: R and ' E6.lain the suita&ility o, thecharacteristics o, strings to &e used in a guitar that can .roduce high .itch sound and -illnot &rea easily -hen it is strummed!etermine the most suita&le string to &e used and usti,y your choice

#9 ark&N

%uestion #1 WavesN

'trong retaining -alls are usually &uilt in the sea near a har&uor etty to .rotect the &oats,rom damage caused &y strong -aves

ou have &een assigned as an engineer to assem&le a retaining -all to &e &uild in ,ront o, ane- har&our Four models ,or the structure o, -all -ith their suggested locations andcharacteristics are sho-n in ta&le #1

ou are ased to &uild a strong and sa,e har&our 'tudy the characteristics in ta&le /E6.lainthe suita&ility o, the characteristics and determine the most suita&le design: characteristicsand location ,or the har&our

#9 mars N

Models 'ha.e o, -alls Material o, -alls

Location o, har&our

Has severalo.enings at the


73/111

-all

P concrete Bay o

% *ementand &rics

ca.e es

R

*ementand &rics

Bay o

'concrete Bay es

+a&le #1

%uestion #7 ElectrycityN!iagram #7 &elo- sho-s a &oiler that using to &oil -ater at home

+a&le #7 &elo- sho-s characteristics o, material that can &e used to mae immersonheater

*haracteristic

Matertial

!ensity @gm to measure small directcurrent

'ea-aves

'ea-aves

'ea-aves

'ea

-aves

DIAGRAM 18


74/111

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le moving coil ammeter to measure the smalldirect current e=ectively


75/111

!iagram #8

ou are re$uired to determine the most suita&le moving coil ammeter to measure smalldirect current e=ectively

'tudy the s.eci"cation o, all the ,our moving coil ammeters &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ects@iA +he sha.e o, the .ermanent magnet and core@iiA +he material o, the core@iiiA +he sti=ness o, the hair s.ring@ivA +he ty.e o, scale o, the ammeter

E6.lain the suita&ility o, each as.ect and then determine the most suita&le moving coilammeter ;ive a reason ,or your choice

#9marsN

%>E'+I 29electromagnetSelectronicN


76/111

!iagram 29 sho-s circuits P: %: R: ' and + each containing an i/a! )ran&#rr !iodes inthe circuits are used ,or the .ur.ose o, recti"cation

*ircuit '.eci"cation o, circuit

P

%

R

'

+

!iagram 29

ou are ased to mae a circuit that can &e used to s-itch on #2 ( dc radio 'tudy thecircuits P: %: R: ' and + in !iagram 29 and consider the ,ollo-ing as.ects

- ty.e o, trans,ormer- ratio o, the num&er o, turns in .rimary coil to secondary coil- ty.e o, recti"cation- characteristic o, out.ut current

E6.lain the suita&ility o, the a&ove as.ects and hence: determine the most suita&le circuitto s-itch on #2 ( dc radioYusti,y your choice

10 ark& N

%>E'+I 2#electronicN!iagram 2# sho-s ,our electronic circuits 0: B: * and ! -ith di=erent s.eci"cations ou arere$uired to determine the most suita&le electronic circuit to light u. three street lights 8)(:/) Wautomatically -ith normal &rightness -hen it is dar'tudy the s.eci"cations o, all o, the ,our circuits &ased on the ,ollo-ing as.ectsb +he .osition o, the light de.endent resistor @L!RAb +he connection o, the &atteries

b +he arrangement o, the street lights circuitb +he use o, a relay s-itch in the circuit!etermine the most suita&le circuit diagram to &e chosen and give one reason ,or yourchoice

#9 ark&N


77/111

8) (

/ (

Relay

/ (

8) (

/ (Bul& &et-een the t-o .lane mirror

RelayIron connecting -ire

Plane reector

*ircuit *ircuit diagrams

0

B

*


78/111

8) (

/ (

Relay

!

!iagram 2#

%uestion 22 RadioactivityN!iagram 22 sho-s a technician is tracing -ater .i.e line laid underground to detect leaage.oint

!iagram 22'mall amount o, radioisoto.e is .ut in the -ater reservoir +a&le #9 sho-s the .ro.erties o,,our radioisoto.es

Radioisoto.e 'olu&ility in -ater Hal, li,e +y.es o, radiation Physical state

W High #) hours &eta Li$uid

High 7 days gamma Li$uid

Lo- 27 years &eta 'olid

\ Lo- 37 minutes al.ha gas

+a&le 22

0 ;eiger


79/111

%uestion 23 RadioactivityN

!iagram 23 sho-s a nuclear reactor -hich is used to generate nuclear energy

ou are re$uired to investigate the characteristics o, the ,eatures in the nuclear reactor assho-n in +a&le 23

uclear ReactorMaterial ,or the

moderatorMaterial ,or the

control rodMaterial ,or the

coolant +hicness o,

concrete shield

P ;ra.hite Cry.ton il +hin

% Iron Boron il +hin

R ;ra.hite Boron Heavy -ater +hic

' Iron Cry.ton Heavy -ater +hic

+a&le 23

E6.lain the suita&ility o, each characteristic o, the ,eatures in the nuclear reactor -hich cangenerate a controlled nuclear reaction sa,ely !etermine the most suita&le reactor to &eused;ive reasons ,or your choice

#9 marsN


80/111

SE$IO! 4II " EXPE+IME!$ Pa.er 3 Se/on B &!o# 3 ) 9(

Based on the diagrams in %uestions #< #8:

@aA mae one suita&le in,erence @&A state one a..ro.riate hy.othesis that could &e investigated@cA descri&e ho- you -ould design an e6.eriment to test your hy.othesis

In your e6.lanation: state clearly the ,ollo-ing @iA +he aim o, the e6.eriment@iiA +he varia&les in the e6.eriment@iiiA +he list o, a..aratus and materials@ivA +he arrangement o, the a..aratus@vA the .rocedures o, the e6.eriment: -hich includes the method o, controlling the mani.ulated varia&le and the method o, measuring the res.onding varia&le@viA the -ay you -ould ta&ulate the data@viiA the -ay you -ould analyse the data

o 'ituation

# 0 &oy .ushes the &o6es along a level -al-ay as sho-n in !iagram @aA +he &oy e6.eriences that the &o6es on trolley move slo-ly When the &oy removes t-o o, the &o6es as sho-n in!iagram @&A: he e6.eriences that the trolley move ,aster than &e,ore although the same

,orce-as a..lied: 7

@aA @&A

2 ceiling

Em.ty .ails -hand

-ater P % P

@iA @iiA

+-o identical .ails: P and % are set u. as sho-n in diagram P is em.ty and % is "lled -ith-ater +hey are then s-ing together 0,ter a -hile: the .ails are then sto..ed P need a longertime to com.letely sto..ed

3 !iagram @aA sho-s a -orer carrying a gas tan !iagram @&A sho-s the same -orer carrying t-o gas tans Length o, the s.ring in the sus.ension system o, the motorcycle decreasing

!iagram @aA !iagram @&A


81/111

4 !iagrams sho- t-o -orers each .ushing a -heel&arro- loaded -ith &rics o, the same-eight Worer 0 .ushs the -heel&arro- easier com.ared to -orer B

) !iagram ) sho-s a .u&lic -ater tan -hich su..lies -ater ,or domestic use to a residentialarea +enants on the ",th oor o, the a.artment &loc are una&le to o&tain ta. -atercom.ared to the tenants on the "rst oor

/ !iagram @aA : !iagram @&A and !iagram @cA sho- a "sherman .ulling the "shing net out o, the

river In !iagram @aA: the "sherman "nds it easy to .ull u. the "shing net -hile most o, the"sh is in the -ater Ho-ever as more and more o, the net is out o, the -ater it gets harder to.ull u. the net as sho-n in !iagrams @&A and @&A

@aA @&A @cA

1 !iagram @aA sho-s a hal, glass o, hot co=ee that is le,t ,or tenminutes !iagram @&A sho-s a,ull

glass o, similar hot co=ee that is le,t ,or the same time It is notice that the hot co=ee in!iagram

@aA cools do-n ,aster than !iagram @&A



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7 !iagram @aA sho-s a &oy accidentally s.ilt a ,e- dro.s o, hot noodle sou. onto his hand and,elt slight .ain Later on: he accidentally s.ilt the -hole &o-l o, hot noodle sou. onto himsel,and ,elt e6treme .ain as sho-n in !iagram @&A


8 !iagram sho-s an air &u&&le released &y a diver at .osition -hich then rises u. to .osition

#9 En 0hmad is travelling ,rom Cota Bahru to 'erem&an

Be,ore going on a long ourney En 0hmad measured the air .ressure in the tyre o,

his car He ,ound that the air .ressure in the tyre -as #89Pa 0,ter the ourney: he noticedthat the tyre &ecome Vsti=5 and the air .ressure in the tyre as sho-n on the meter in !iagram He also ,ound that the tyre &ecame hot Ho-ever the si?e o, the tyre remained the same

## !iagram sho-s a syringe -ith its end sealed When the syringe is immersed in hot -ater: the.iston move u.


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Water

!iagram @&A

Inverted 'lide'creen

ImageIme

Proector lens

!iagram @aA

'creen

Image

Proector lens

Inverted 'lide

#2 !iagram @aA sho-s a coin at the &ottom o, a tall em.ty cu. looing ,rom the to.!iagram @&A sho-s the coin at the &ottom o, the cu. -hen the cu. is "lled -ith -ater looing,rom the to.

@aA @&A

#3 0 student used a slide .roector to .roduce an image on the screen !iagram @aA and!iagram

@&A sho- the relative .ositions o, the slide: .roector lens and the screenIt is o&served that -hen the .roector lens is moved nearer to the slide as sho-n in !iagram@&A

the screen has to &e moved ,urther a-ay ,rom the slide to o&tain a shar. image


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#4 !iagram #4 sho-s an audio technician checing and testing the audio system in a minitheatre &y changing his seating .ositions *lear and loud sound can only &e o&tainedat seating .ositions P and % -hich is e$uals to 4 seatings a-ay ,rom each other -ith acertain distance ,rom the louds.eaers When he moves ,urther a-ay ,rom thelouds.eaers: the clear and loud sound can only &e heard &et-een % and R -hich ise$uals to / seatings a-ay ,rom each other

#) !iagram @aA sho-s ta. releasing dro.lets o, -ater into large containers +he num&er o, dro.lets -hich ,all .er second into the container are same !iagram @&A and

@cAsho- the cross sections o, the -ater -aves ,ormed ,rom the dro.lets in the containers

@aA

@&A @cA

#/ !iagram @aA sho-s shed 0 lighted u. &y a lam. connected to a &attery using a shortconnecting -ire !iagram @&A sho-s shed B lighted u. &y a lam. connected to a &attery using

a long connecting -ire

R%P


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*onnecting -ire connecting -ire@aA @&A

#1 !iagram #1@aA: a voltmeter sho-s a certain reading -hen it is connected across theterminalso, a dry cell It -as ,ound that the voltmeter reading decreases -hen a &ul& is connectedacross the terminals o, the dry cell as sho-n in !iagram #1@&A

!iagram #1In "

#7 !iagram #7 sho-s a cross


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!iagram #8@aA

29 !iagram 29@aA and !iagram 29@&A sho- transistor circuits When the varia&le resistor isadusted ,rom X to Y : the &ul& &ecomes &righter

!iagram 29@aA !iagram 29@&A

!iagram

#8@cA

!iagram #8@&A


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SPM :O+MA$ " Pa.er 2 Se/on A !o# ;< =< 6< >

SE$ 1

5ueson ; Pressure In Lu!iagram )# and !iagram )2 sho- ho- -ater s.urts out ,rom its container -hen the valveis o.ened

!iagram )# !iagram )2

When a li$uid is held in a container: it e6erts .ressure on the container

@aA What is meant &y .ressureX

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

# marN @&A Based on to !iagram )# and !iagram )2: com.are

@iA the de.th o, the -ater in &oth containers:

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

# marN@iiA the rate at -hich -ater s.urts out


# marN@iiiA the distance travelled &y the -ater that s.urts out


# marN @cA Relate the distance travelled &y the -ater that s.urts out to the de.th o, the -ater


# marN@dA 'tate the relationshi. &et-een the .ressure and the de.th o, the -ater


# marN @eA Why diver e6.eriences more .ain on their ear as they go dee.er in to the seaX



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# marN

@&A +he hal,


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!iagram 12

Modi"cation has to &e done on the trans,ormer so that it can &e used as an eDcient/ ( dc hand.hone charger

'uggest the modi"cations that can &e made so that the trans,ormer @iA can .roduce /( voltage out.ut

'uggestion

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOO # marN Reason

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

# marN

@iiA can .roduce a steady direct current'uggestion


# marN Reason


# marN @iiiA High eDciency

'uggestion

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOO# marN

Reason

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

x a-plus Module Sbp Physics 2013 - 1

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