POSSIBLE CONTROLLED ITEMS FOR SAO

ITAR IS LISTED IN TIMES ROMAN ITALICS & EAR IS LISTED IN ARIAL

Category

Description

Category XI

Military Electronics

*(3) Radar systems and equipment, as follows:[footnoteRef:1] [1: ]

(i) Airborne radar that maintains positional state of an object or objects of interest, other than weather phenomena, in a received radar signal through time;[footnoteRef:2] [2: ]

(ii) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) incorporating image resolution less than (better than) 0.3 m, or incorporating Coherent Change Detection (CCD) with geo-registration accuracy less than (better than) 0.3 m, not including concealed object detection equipment operating in the frequency range from 30 GHz to 3,000 GHz and having a spatial resolution of 0.5 milliradians up to and including 1 milliradians at a standoff distance of 100 m;

(iii) Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR);

(iv) Radar that geodetically-locates (i.e., geodetic latitude, geodetic longitude, and geodetic height) with a target location error 50 (TLE50) less than or equal to 10 m at ranges greater than 1 km;

(v) Any Ocean Surveillance Radar with an average-power-aperture product of greater than 50 Wm2;

(vi) Any ocean surveillance radar that transmits a waveform with an instantaneous bandwidth greater than 100 MHz and has an antenna rotation rate greater than 60 revolutions per minute (RPM);

(vii) Air surveillance radar with free space detection of 1 square meter RCS target at 85 nmi or greater range, scaled to RCS values as RCS to the 14 power;

(viii) Air surveillance radar with free space detection of 1 square meter RCS target[footnoteRef:3] at an altitude of65,000 feet and an elevation angle greater than 20 degrees (i.e., counter-battery); [3: ]

(ix) Air surveillance radar with multiple elevation beams, phase or amplitude monopulse estimation, or 3D height-finding;[footnoteRef:4] [4: ]

(x) Air surveillance radar with a beam solid angle less than or equal to 16 degrees2 that performs free space tracking of 1 square meter RCS target at a range greater or equal to 25 nmi with revisit rate greater or equal to 13 Hz;

(xi) Instrumentation radar for anechoic test facility or outdoor range that maintains positional state of an object of interest in a received radar signal 0through time or provides measurement of RCS of a static target less than or equal to minus 10dBsm, or RCS of a dynamic target;

(xii) Radar incorporating pulsed operation with electronics steering of transmit beam in elevation and azimuth;[footnoteRef:5] [5: ]

Note to paragraph (a)(3)(xii): This paragraph does not control radars not otherwise controlled in this subchapter, operating with a peak transmit power less than or equal to 250 watts, and employing a design determined to be subject to the EAR via a commodity jurisdiction determination (see 120.4 of this subchapter).

(xiii) Radar with mode(s) for ballistic tracking or ballistic extrapolation to source of launch or impact point of articles controlled in USML Categories III, IV, or XV;

(xiv) Active protection radar and missile warning radar with mode(s) implemented for detection of incoming munitions;

(xv) Over the horizon high frequency sky-wave (ionosphere) radar;

(xvi) Radar that detects a moving object through a physical obstruction at distance greater than 0.2 m from the obstruction;

(xvii) Radar having moving target indicator (MTI) or pulse-Doppler processing where any single Doppler filter provides a normalized clutter attenuation of greater than 60 dB;

Note to paragraph (a)(3)(xvii): Normalized clutter attenuation is defined as the reduction in the power level of received distributed clutter when normalized to the thermal noise level.

(xviii) Radar having electronic protection or electronic counter- countermeasures (ECCM) other than.

Note to Paragraph (a)(3)(xxi): The definition of type in this paragraph is that provided in 14 CFR 1.1.

(xxii) Radar employing automatic target recognition (ATR) (i.e., recognition of target using structural features (e.g., tank versus car) of the target with system resolution better than (less than) 0.3 m);

(xxiii) Radar that sends interceptor guidance commands or provides illumination keyed to an interceptor seeker;

(xxiv) Radar employing waveform generation for LPI other than frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) with linear ramp modulation;

(xxv) Radar that sends and receives communications;

(xxvi) Radar that tracks or discriminates ballistic missile warhead from debris or countermeasures;

(xxvii) Bi-static/multi-static radar that exploits greater than 125 kHz bandwidth and is lower than 2 GHz center frequency to passively detect or track using radio frequency (RF) transmissions (e.g., commercial radio, television stations);

(xxviii) Radar target generators, projectors, or simulators, specially designed for radars controlled by this category; or

(xxix) Radar and laser radar systems specially designed for defense articles in paragraph (a)(1) of USML Category IV or paragraphs (a)(5), (a)(6), or (a)(13) of USML Category VIII (MT if specially designed for rockets, space launch vehicles, missiles, drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles capable of delivering a payload of at least 500 kg to a range of at least 300 km);

Note 1 to paragraph (a)(3)(xxix): Laser radar systems embody specialized transmission, scanning, receiving, and signal processing techniques for utilization of lasers for echo ranging, direction finding, and discrimination of targets by location, radial speed, and body reflection characteristics.

Note 2 to paragraph (a)(3)(xxix): For definition of range as it pertains to rocket systems, see note 1 to paragraph (a) of USML Category IV. Payload is the total mass that can be carried or delivered by the specified rocket, SLV, or missile that is not used to maintain flight.

Note to paragraph (a)(3): This paragraph does not control: (a) systems or equipment that require aircraft transponders in order to meet control parameters; (b) precision approach radar (PAR) equipment conforming to ICAO standards and employing electronically steerable linear (1-dimensional) arrays or mechanically positioned passive antennas; and (c) radio altimeter equipment conforming to FAA TSO C87.

*(4) Electronic Combat[footnoteRef:6] (i.e., Electronic Warfare) systems and equipment, as follows: [6: ]

(i) ES systems and equipment that search for, intercept and identify, or locate sources of intentional or unintentional electromagnetic energy specially designed to provide immediate threat detection, recognition, targeting, planning, or conduct of future operations;[footnoteRef:7] [7: ]

Note to paragraph (a)(4)(i): ES provides tactical situational awareness, automatic cueing, targeting, electronic order of battle planning, electronic intelligence (ELINT), communication intelligence (COMINT), or signals intelligence (SIGINT).

(ii) Systems and equipment that detect and automatically discriminate acoustic energy emanating from weapons fire (e.g., gunfire, artillery, rocket propelled grenades, or other projectiles), determining location or direction of weapons fire in less than two seconds from receipt of event signal, and able to operate on-the-move (e.g., operating on personnel, land vehicles, sea vessels, or aircraft while in motion); or

(iii) Systems and equipment specially designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into radar, infrared based seekers, electro-optic based seekers, radio communication receivers, navigation receivers, or that otherwise hinder the reception, operation, or effectiveness of adversary electronics (e.g., active or passive electronic attack, electronic countermeasure, electronic counter-countermeasure equipment, jamming, and counter jamming equipment);

*(5)[footnoteRef:8] Command, control, and communications (C3); command, control, communications, and computers (C4); command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR); and identification systems or equipment, that: [8: ]

(i) Are specially designed to integrate, incorporate, network, or employ defense articles that are controlled in paragraphs or subparagraphs of the categories of 121.1 of this part that do not use the term specially designed;

(ii) Incorporate U.S. government identification friend or foe (IFF) Modes 4 or 5;

(iii) Implement active or passive ECCM used to counter acts of communication disruption (e.g., radios that incorporate HAVE QUICK I/II, SINCGARS, SATURN);[footnoteRef:9] [9: ]

(iv) Specially designed, rated, certified, or otherwise specified or described to be in compliance with U.S. government NSTISSAM TEMPEST 192 standards or CNSSAM TEMPEST 0102, to implement techniques to suppress compromising emanations of information bearing signals; or

(v) Transmit voice or data signals specially designed to elude electromagnetic detection;

(6) [Reserved]

(7) Developmental electronic equipment or systems funded by the Department of Defense via contract or other funding authorization;[footnoteRef:10] [10: ]

Note 1 to paragraph (a)(7): This paragraph does not control electronic systems or equipment (a) in production, (b) determined to be subject to the EAR via a commodity jurisdiction determination (see 120.4 of this subchapter), or (c) identified in the relevant Department of Defense contract or other funding authorization as being developed for both civil and military applications.

Note 2 to paragraph (a)(7): Note 1 does not apply to defense articles enumerated on the USML, whether in production or development.

Note 3 to paragraph